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2023-2024学年高三英语上学期开学适应性考试（四）含答案
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这是一份2023-2024学年高三英语上学期开学适应性考试（四）含答案，共1页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37，5分，满分15分)，安慰并表达祝愿等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第I卷（选择题）
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Explre Yur Passin at Harvard University
Yur educatin desn’t stp at the classrm dr. Student activities are a vital part f the Harvard experience, balancing yur studies and creating pprtunities fr friendship and self-discvery.
Athletics
Harvard Athletics ffers frty-tw intercllege teams fr wmen and men - mre than any ther cllege des ——as well as numerus sprts clubs and recreatinal activities. Mre than eighty percent f ur students participate in athletics f sme kind.
Student rganizatins
Jin ur cmmunity f ver 500 student rganizatins. Yu can get t knw student rganizatins at ur Student Organizatin Fair, an annual traditin that takes place the first week f class. Yu can als write fr the student newspaper n the Assciated Press. Even if yu dn’t see a club that matches yur interests, we’re ready t help yu set up ne! Des that sund amazing t yu?
Cmmunity service
Giving back t cmmunities is an ideal fundamental t Harvard’s missin. The Phillips Brks Huse Assciatin and the Cllege Public Service Netwrk ffers mre than 120 service initiatives (方案)and prgrams - frm instructing lcal yuth t prmting envirnmental sustainability and running a hmeless shelter. Fr thse dedicated t cmmunity initiatives, Harvard als ffers a variety f funding surces 一 that supprt yur gals t serve thse arund yu.
Leadership
The Institute f Plitics (IOP) at the Harvard Kennedy Schl cnnects students with plitical leaders and experienced civil servants. Harvard undergraduates have access t the Institute’s Jhn F. Kennedy Jr. Frum, ne f the wrld’s best grunds fr plitical speech, discussin, and debate.
Click here t keep track f relevant infrmatin.
1．Which activity seems attractive t mst students?
A．Athletics.B．Student rganizatins.C．Cmmunity service.D．Leadership.
2．What can yu d if there is n club fit fr yu?
A．Jin a student rganizatin.B．Ask fr help t create ne.
C．Set up a recreatinal activity.D．Serve the peple arund yu.
3．Hw can yu get t knw mre abut these activities?
A．By writing fr the schl newspaper.B．By referring t the service initiatives.
C．By paying a visit t Harvard graduates.D．By surfing the related schl website.
B
When he went utside during the break, Jhn Buettner wuld dream f learning the mnkey-bars. He uses a wheelchair, s they aren’t accessible t him — in fact, mst f the playgrund at Glen Lake Elementary Schl isn’t. Betsy Julien wuld lk ut at the students in their wheelchairs, and thught, “Our playgrund is nt set up fr everybdy in the schl t play and have fun.”
Nw, thanks t this teacher and her students, that dream is abut t cme true in a bigger way.
Last fall, Julien and a few f her clleagues applied fr, and wn, a grant fr an accessible swing and merry-g-rund. The grant fell $35,000 shrt f the amunt the schl needed, s Julien asked her class t help raise the rest.
Her students jumped at the idea, and tk it a step further. “Why can’t we make the whle playgrund accessible?” said Hadley Mangan. They brainstrmed ideas n hw t raise mney: dr-kncking, partnering with restaurants, handing ut flyers, and even cld-calling lcal businesses. They gt t wrk and reached their gal in a matter f weeks. Nw, they aim t raise $1 millin s they can cmpletely transfrm their playgrund.
Last week, Julien laded the students fr a field trip t see hw the equipment is built and even gt t clr in a blueprint f the playgrund design. Buettner said he culd hardly believe hw quickly an idea turned int reality. “All f this equipment is big enugh fr my friends and I t play n. I just feel sme sense f capability.”
Julien speaks thrugh tears, t, when reflecting n the prject and the transfrmatin. “Anything we raise beynd ur gal will g twards accessible equipment at neighbring schls. I hpe that the wrld is accepting and inclusive fr every child.”
4．What’s the prblem with the schl playgrund?
A．Little playing space.B．Limited accessibility.
C．Pr cnstructin funding.D．Narrw wheelchair passage.
5．What des the underlined phrase “a step further” refer t?
A．Dnating mre mney.
B．Achieving riginal gals.
C．Asking mre peple fr help.
D．Transfrming the whle playgrund.
6．What can we infer frm Buettner’s wrds?
A．He engages mre in dnatin.B．He has mre faith in himself.
C．He becmes an expert in sprts.D．He gets mre invlved in cntests.
7．What can we learn frm Julien’s stry?
A．Hard wrk matters.B．Kindness bears fruits.
C．Gd ideas win favr.D．Trust prmtes friendship.
C
Distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic has made bth physical and scial cnnectins a tuch mre difficult t maintain. Fr Stanfrd University student Millie Salvat, being apart frm her friend n the ppsite cast has prved challenging. Smetimes a text r vide call is nt enugh, and peple in Salvat’s situatin ften lng fr a way t send a cmfrting hug frm afar. In a new study detailed in IEEE Transactins n Haptics, she and her clleagues demnstrated a wearable sleeve that can simulate (模拟) human tuch and cnvey scial messages sent electrnically.
Salvat and her team measured hw 37 participants expressed scial messages in different situatins. In each test, ne persn wre a pressure-sensing device n an arm, and anther tuched it t respnd t six different scenes: attentin seeking, gratitude, happiness, calming, lve and sadness. After cllecting 661 tuch mvements, Salvat and her clleagues mapped the lcatin and pressure f each. Next, they used a machine-learning algrithm (算法) t select the mvements that were mst reliably part f each respnse. Finally, they prgrammed a wearable sleeve t simulate these mvements using eight built-in disks that vibrate when electrnically signaled. “The instant it received signals, I culd feel the tuch and identify its intended meaning. “One participant reprted.
Even with n training, the participants crrectly matched the simulated tuches t the six scenes 45 percent f the time. Fr cmparisn, a previus study fund participants culd match scenes fr tuches frm real human hands 55 percent f the time.
Gerling, a tuch researcher at Harvard wh was nt invlved in the study, said the inventin was really surprising. But the study was small and needs t cver far larger grups f peple t determine exactly which are the mst desirable respnses. Besides, he believes the sleeve surely will enjy great ppularity nce launched n the market.
8．What were participants asked t d during the study?
A．Pick up reliable respnses.
B．Mdel n electrnic tuches.
C．Respnd t different situatins.
D．Mark ut prgrammed mvements.
9．What des the underlined wrd “vibrate” mean in paragraph 2?
A．Alarm.B．Shake.C．Shine.D．Infrm.
10．What des Gerling suggest accrding t the last paragraph?
A．Cvering mre scenes.B．Launching n the market.
C．Cnducting further research.D．Interviewing the participants.
11．Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A．Electrnic Sleeves Helping Feel Virtual Tuch
B．New Technlgy Imprving Scial Cnnectins
C．New Sensing Device Increasing Physical Tuches
D．Electrnic Sleeves Respnding t Different Situatins
D
As restaurants, malls and mvie theaters fill back up with peple, the wrkplace has remained nearly empty. This is partly driven by hw cmmn remte wrk has becme in sciety. Peple have invested in creating wrkspaces in their hmes, relcated t smaller twns and even taken their wrk t vacatin resrts. Nw, with an easing pandemic and slwing ecnmy, cmpanies are increasingly trying t draw emplyees back int the ffice. But many just dn’t want t g.
Thugh seen as a necessity during the pandemic, sme business leaders dubt whether the current level f remte wrk is sustainable. And they’re right. A fully virtual wrkplace misses sme f the key drivers fr perfrmance and prductivity, which are tp f mind right nw fr businesses facing the prspect f a ptential recessin(衰退). Understandably, they want wrkers back in the ffice because they’re preparing fr a mre cmpetitive envirnment, which calls fr maximizing efficiency. Fully remte wrk desn’t cultivate the level f interpersnal relatinships that business leaders see as vital t wrkplace innvatin.
When cmpanies are respnding t market shifts and ecnmic stresses, new ideas, prblem slving and brainstrming all becme essential. And brainstrming sessins are much easier t cnduct in persn, where wrkers can exchange their ideas in cnference rms r shared wrk spaces. Remte wrkers, meanwhile, are mre prne t distractins at hme that can disrupt their cncentratin and participatin.
It’s nt just what happens in frmal meetings that adds value. It’s als the rganic cnnectins and culture-building that ccurs when wrkers run int each ther in the hallways r after a cmpany gathering. It’s these spntaneus (自发的) pprtunities t inquire int the details that are missed when ne is wrking remtely.
Undubtedly, there will be wrkers wh dn’t agree. But leaders we it t all share hlders, including wrkers, t make the best plicy decisins. Plicy can’t just make sense fr wrkers. It must als make business sense in rder t preserve pprtunities fr wrkers t wrk; it must make financial sense in rder t prtect pprtunities fr wrkers t earn a living.
12．What d we knw abut remte wrk?
A．It was ppular in smaller twns.
B．It slwed dwn the ecnmy.
C．It was necessary during the pandemic.
D．It brught peple t public places.
13．Why d leaders want wrkers back in the ffice?
A．T imprve wrkers’ efficiency.
B．T create a relaxed atmsphere.
C．T cultivate friendlier relatinships.
D．T explre wrkers’ ptential.
14．Accrding t the authr, what must be priritized when the best plicy decisins are made?
A．The ambitins f the leaders.
B．The cmfrt f the emplyees.
C．The interests f the businesses.
D．The ability f the sharehlders.
15．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Fully Remte Wrk Likely t Disappear
B．Remte Wrkers Lsing Their Jbs
C．Plicymakers Caught in a Dilemma
D．Cmpanies Struggling with Slwing Ecnmy
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Highly Effective Study Habits
Fr students, smetimes it’s nt easy t cncentrate n studying. If yu want better grades, yu need mre effective study habits. The key t effective studying isn’t studying lnger but studying smarter. 16
● Plan when yu’re ging t study.
Successful students schedule specific times when they are ging t study—and then they stick t their schedule. 17 Even if yu can catch up with yur studies, creating a weekly rutine will enable yu t succeed in yur educatin in the lng run.
● Set a specific gal fr each study.
18 Yu need t knw exactly what yu need t achieve during each study sessin. Befre yu start, set a study gal that supprts yur verall academic gal (eg. memrize 30 vcabulary wrds fr an upcming exam).
● 19
As yur mst difficult assignment r subject will need the mst effrt, yu shuld start with it first. Once yu’ve finished the mst difficult wrk, it will be much easier t cmplete the rest. Believe it r nt, this will greatly imprve the effectiveness f yur study sessins.
● Practice by yurself.
Practice makes perfect. Yu can practice by yurself by testing yurself with either practice exams, r flash cards. If a practice r ld exam frm a curse is available, use it as a guide. 20
We’re cnfident that if yu develp the habits abve, yu’ll see a great imprvement in yur academic success.
A．Imprve yur study effectiveness.
B．Yu shuld study regularly all the time.
C．Start with the mst difficult subject first.
D．Studying withut directin is nt effective.
E．Yu can begin studying smarter with these study habits.
F．Such exams help yu understand what t expect in the future exam.
G．Students wh study withut a schedule usually d nt perfrm s well.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Last year, preparing t mve t Italy, I srted thrugh everything in ur New Yrk apartment. Clthes, shes, tys, china, handbags-yu name it. I had t 21 what t give away, what t thrw ut, and what t 22 and ship verseas.
It frced me t review and remember my 23 . Sme surprises awaited me. Dealing with all the material gds 24 ver a lifetime, I rediscvered just hw much I value 25 .
I fund the letter President Rnald Reagan sent t my father, 26 him fr his service t the deaf cmmunity; sme 27 fr 1960s Bradway hits my grandpa had taken me t see. I had rejectin 28 frm magazine editrs, and a typed letter frm my lawyer uncle advising me t 29 fling arund and get a real jb. I 30 Father’s Day cards and a pem t my wife n ur 40th anniversary.
It prved t me that paper 31 serves a purpse, even with life ging digital and all but paperless. Ging thrugh these dcuments was an 32 t better knw myself, t recgnize wh I was and hw I’d changed.
My lve f paper gave me cncrete 33 f life experiences: managing a marriage, raising children, and winning struggles. It’s a life 34 t the fullest.
I did it mstly fr me. But smeday my children may cme acrss these keepsakes (纪念品). Perhaps they’ll be drawn t 35 the histry nly ur family can claim.
21．A．discverB．imagineC．hesitateD．determine
22．A．packB．sellC．shwD．hide
23．A．familyB．pastC．dutyD．dream
24．A．avidedB．wastedC．gatheredD．carried
25．A．paperB．mneyC．knwledgeD．friendship
26．A．preparingB．searchingC．cmplainingD．cngratulating
27．A．striesB．pstersC．suggestinsD．characters
28．A．ntesB．picturesC．billsD．lessns
29．A．startB．enjyC．quitD．miss
30．A．remvedB．cnnectedC．ignredD．kept
31．A．neverB．againC．stillD．just
32．A．identityB．abilityC．hnurD．pprtunity
33．A．prfB．situatinC．adviceD．thught
34．A．brughtB．riskedC．livedD．spent
35．A．recrdB．explreC．writeD．teach
第II卷（非选择题）
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 2017, a Chinese antique bwl fetched $ 38 millin at auctin (拍卖)—a new recrd fr Chinese prcelain (瓷器). Thugh it was described as “a highly imprtant and 36 (extreme) rare” piece f art, it was a shallw bwl that was used in ancient China 37 (clean) calligraphy and paint brushes. Why is Chinese prcelain s expensive? The answer lies 38 the Eurpean bsessin (痴迷) with Chinese prcelain.
Lars Tharp, a Chinese prcelain specialist, set ut t explre why Chinese prcelain was s 39 (value). He traveled t the muntainside in which almst every single Chinese exprt vase, plate and cup began life in the 18th century—a muntain knwn as Munt Galin, frm 40 name we get the wrd kalin, r china clay. He saw hw the china clay 41 (cmbine) with anther substance, mica, that wuld turn it int prcelain.
42 (carry) his wn newly-acquired vase, Lars uncvered sme secrets f China’s prcelain capital, Jingdezhen. He saw hw 43 trade between China and Eurpe nt nly changed ur idea f what was beautiful but als affected the whle traditin f Chinese aesthetics t.
The prcelain fever has driven high 44 (cnsume) in the past ten years. Tday China’s rising millinaire class are buying back the exprt china nce shipped t Eurpe. The bwl 45 (sell) at auctin shws that the appeal f Chinese prcelain is as strng as ever.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46．最近，你的英国笔友Jerry总是感到焦躁不安，来信和你交流，请你回信帮助他摆脱困境。内容包括：
1.说明负面情绪的不良影响；
2.提出有效的建议；
3.安慰并表达祝愿。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.开头已给出，不计入总词数；
3.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jerry,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
47．阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
On market days when the farmers arund Darrwby brught their gds t the little twn t sell, I used t take a walk acrss the square t meet the farmers wh gathered there t chat. One f the farmers was telling me abut his sick cw when he saw a little dg amng the market stalls (货摊). The thing that made us ntice the dg was that he was sitting up, paws dangling (悬垂), head pinting expectantly, begging, in frnt f the stall selling cakes and biscuits.
“Lk at that little fellw,” the farmer said. “I wnder where he’s frm.”
As he spke, the stallhlder threw the dg sme bread which the animal ate eagerly, but when the man came rund and stretched ut a hand the little thing ran away.
I was standing there, trying t see where he had gne, when a yung pliceman came up t me.
“I’ve been watching that dg begging amng the stalls all mrning,” he said, “but I haven’t been able t get near him.”
“Yes, it’s strange. Yu can see he’s friendly, but he’s als afraid. I wnder wh wns him.”
“I think he’s a stray (无主的宠物), Mr. Herrit. I knw just abut all the dgs arund here. But this ne is a stranger t me.”
I ndded. “I’m sure yu’re right. Anything culd have happened t him. He culd have been ill-treated by smebdy and run away, r he culd have been dumped frm a car.”
“Yes,” the pliceman replied, “I dn’t knw hw anybdy can leave a helpless animal t fend fr (照料) itself like that. I’ve had a few tries at catching him, but it’s n gd.”
A week passed befre I met the pliceman again in the market.
“Have yu caught the dg, sir?” I asked.
The pliceman lked very serius. “Yes,” he replied, “I’m afraid he’s been arrested.”
“Arrested?” I said in astnishment. “What d yu mean?”
“Well,” he said, “it seems that it’s against the law fr a dg t g begging in the market square.”
“I still dn’t knw what this is all abut,” I said. “Where is he nw?”
“I’ll take yu t him,” the pliceman replied.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
We walked a shrt way alng the rad t a pretty cttage.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A wave f relief swept ver me.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．A 2．B 3．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四种在哈佛大学中为友谊和自我发现创造机会的学生活动。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Mre than eighty percent f ur students participate in athletics f sme kind.(我们百分之八十以上的学生参加了某种形式的田径运动。)可知，大多数学生才加的活动是田径，即对大多数大学生有吸引力的活动是田径。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Even if yu dn’t see a club that matches yur interests, we’re ready t help yu set up ne!(即使您没有看到符合您兴趣的俱乐部，我们也随时准备帮助您建立一个！)”可知，如果没有适合你的俱乐部，可以寻求帮助建立一个。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“Click here t keep track f relevant infrmatin.(单击此处跟踪相关信息。)”可知，如果要了解更多信息，就要浏览学校相关的网站来获得相关信息。故选D。
4．B 5．D 6．B 7．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jhn Buettner的老师和同学为了能让残疾的他和其他残疾学生在学校操场上玩耍，发起了筹款活动，最终成功改造了操场。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“He uses a wheelchair, s they aren’t accessible t him — in fact, mst f the playgrund at Glen Lake Elementary Schl isn’t. (他使用轮椅，所以轮椅对他来说并不方便——事实上，格伦湖小学的大部分操场都不方便。)”可知，学校操场的问题是对于使用轮椅的人来说并不方便，即无障碍环境有限，故选B。
5．词句猜测题。根据划线短语上文“s Julien asked her class t help raise the rest.(所以朱利安让她的学生帮忙筹集剩下的钱。)”和下文““Why can’t we make the whle playgrund accessible?” said Hadley Mangan. (“为什么我们不能让整个操场都变得方便呢？”哈德利·曼根说。)”可知，Julien让她的学生帮忙筹集剩下的钱，她的学生欣然接受了，并决定筹集钱把整个操场改造一下，弄得更方便，由此可推知，“a step further”指的是改造整个操场，故选D。
6．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Buettner所说的话“I just feel sme sense f capability(我只是觉得自己有能力)”可推知，Buettner对自己更加有信心，故选B。
7．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“When he went utside during the break, Jhn Buettner wuld dream f learning the mnkey-bars. He uses a wheelchair, s they aren’t accessible t him — in fact, mst f the playgrund at Glen Lake Elementary Schl isn’t. (课间休息时，约翰·比特纳出去玩时，总是梦想着学习单杠。他使用轮椅，所以轮椅对他来说并不方便——事实上，格伦湖小学的大部分操场都不方便。)”和第二段中“Nw, thanks t this teacher and her students, that dream is abut t cme true in a bigger way.(现在，多亏了这位老师和她的学生，这个梦想即将以更大的方式实现。)”可知，文章主要讲述了Jhn Buettner的老师和同学为了能让残疾的他和其他残疾学生在学校操场上玩耍，发起了筹款活动，最终成功改造了操场。由此可推知，从这个故事中可以得知，善良会结出果实。故选B。
8．C 9．B 10．C 11．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了斯坦福大学的学生Millie Salvat研究出了一种可穿戴的袖子，它可以模拟人类的触摸并传达电子发送的社交信息。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段“In each test, ne persn wre a pressure-sensing device n an arm, and anther tuched it t respnd t six different scenes: attentin seeking, gratitude, happiness, calming, lve and sadness. (在每次测试中，一个人在手臂上佩戴压力感应装置，另一个人触摸它，以应对六个不同的场景：寻求关注、感激、幸福、平静、爱和悲伤)”可知，研究中被试要求对不同的情境做出回应，故选C项。
9．词句猜测题。根据第二段划线词的下文“The instant it received signals, I culd feel the tuch and identify its intended meaning (它一收到信号，我就能感觉到触摸，并确定它的意图)”可推理出划线词的含义为“摇动；震动”，故选B项。
10．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Gerling, a tuch researcher at Harvard wh was nt invlved in the study, said the inventin was really surprising. But the study was small and needs t cver far larger grups f peple t determine exactly which are the mst desirable respnses. (哈佛大学触摸研究人员Gerling没有参与这项研究，他说这项发明真的很令人惊讶。但这项研究规模较小，需要覆盖更大的人群，以确定哪些是最理想的反应)”可推理出Gerling建议做更深入的研究，故选C项。
11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“she and her clleagues demnstrated a wearable sleeve that can simulate (模拟) human tuch and cnvey scial messages sent electrnically (她和她的同事展示了一种可穿戴的袖子，它可以模拟人的触摸并通过电子方式传递社交信息)”、第二段““The instant it received signals, I culd feel the tuch and identify its intended meaning. “One participant reprted. (一位参与者报告说：“它一收到信号，我就能感觉到触摸，并识别出它的意图”)”以及最后一段“Gerling, a tuch researcher at Harvard wh was nt invlved in the study, said the inventin was really surprising. (哈佛大学触摸研究人员Gerling没有参与这项研究，他说这项发明真的很令人惊讶)”可知本文主要讲的是电子套袖有助于感受虚拟触感，故选A项。
12．C 13．A 14．C 15．A
【导语】本文是议论文。分析了人们为什么不想回到办公室上班以及远程工作的问题。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“Thugh seen as a necessity during the pandemic(尽管在疫情期间似乎是必要的)”可知，在疫情严重的时期，远程办公是有必要的。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段的“A fully virtual wrkplace misses sme f the key drivers fr perfrmance and prductivity, which are tp f mind right nw fr businesses facing the prspect f a ptential recessin(衰退). Understandably, they want wrkers back in the ffice because they’re preparing fr a mre cmpetitive envirnment, which calls fr maximizing efficiency. (完全虚拟的工作环境忽略了一些影响绩效和生产力的关键因素，而这些因素正是当前面临潜在衰退前景的企业最关心的问题。可以理解的是，他们希望员工回到办公室，因为他们正在为一个更激烈的竞争环境做准备，这要求效率最大化)”可知，公司想让员工回到公司上班是为了提高效率。故选A。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Undubtedly, there will be wrkers wh dn’t agree. But leaders we it t all share hlders, including wrkers, t make the best plicy decisins. Plicy can’t just make sense fr wrkers. It must als make business sense in rder t preserve pprtunities fr wrkers t wrk; it must make financial sense in rder t prtect pprtunities fr wrkers t earn a living.(毫无疑问，会有员工不同意。但领导人有责任为包括工人在内的所有股东做出最佳的政策决策。政策不能只对工人有意义。它还必须具有商业意义，以便为工人保留工作机会；它必须具有财务意义，以保护工人的谋生机会)”推知，作者认为在作决策的时候，还是应该优先考虑公司的利益。故选C。
15．主旨大意题。全文介绍了当前人们远程上班的一些问题以及公司对提高效率的希望，结合最后一段“Undubtedly, there will be wrkers wh dn’t agree. But leaders we it t all share hlders, including wrkers, t make the best plicy decisins. Plicy can’t just make sense fr wrkers. It must als make business sense in rder t preserve pprtunities fr wrkers t wrk; it must make financial sense in rder t prtect pprtunities fr wrkers t earn a living.(毫无疑问，会有员工不同意。但领导人有责任为包括工人在内的所有股东做出最佳的政策决策。政策不能只对工人有意义。它还必须具有商业意义，以便为工人保留工作机会；它必须具有财务意义，以保护工人的谋生机会)”可知，A项“完全在家办公的日子可能要结束”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选A。
16．E 17．G 18．D 19．C 20．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出学习不能光靠死记硬背和花时间，要学得聪明一点，并从几个方面提供了一些注意事项。
16．上文“If yu want better grades, yu need mre effective study habits. The key t effective studying isn’t studying lnger but studying smarter.( 如果你想要更好的成绩，你需要更有效的学习习惯。有效学习的关键不在于学得更久，而在于学得更聪明。)”讲述要有效学习，不是学习更长时间而是学得聪明，下文介绍了几个好的学习习惯，因此推断空处承上启下，E项“你可以通过这些学习习惯开始更聪明地学习。”符合语境，故填E。
17．上文“Successful students schedule specific times when they are ging t study—and then they stick t their schedule.( 成功的学生会为自己的学习安排好具体的时间，然后严格遵守。)”讲述成功学生的做法，安排好时间并严格遵守，G项中的“schedule”呼应“schedule”，因此推断G项“没有学习计划表的学生通常表现不佳。”符合语境，与上文形成对比，故选G。
18．根据段落标题“Set a specific gal fr each study.( 为每项学习设定一个具体的目标。)”可知，本段讲述要有具体的学校目标，下文“Yu need t knw exactly what yu need t achieve during each study sessin.(你需要确切地知道在每次学习过程中你需要实现什么。)”再次强调要有具体的目标的重要性，D项“没有方向的学习是没有效率的。”符合语境，通过对比说明有具体目标的重要意义，没有目标的学习无效。故选D。
19．空处为段落标题。根据下文“As yur mst difficult assignment r subject will need the mst effrt, yu shuld start with it first. Once yu’ve finished the mst difficult wrk, it will be much easier t cmplete the rest. Believe it r nt, this will greatly imprve the effectiveness f yur study sessins.( 因为你的最困难的任务或科目需要付出最大的努力，所以你应该先从它开始。一旦你完成了最难的工作，剩下的就容易多了。信不信由你，这将大大提高你学习的效率。)”可知，本段讲述了从最困难的任务开始，这样会大大提高效率，因此推断C项“从最难的科目开始”为最佳标题，故选C。
20．上文“Practice makes perfect. Yu can practice by yurself by testing yurself with either practice exams, r flash cards. If a practice r ld exam frm a curse is available, use it as a guide.(熟能生巧。你可以通过练习考试或闪存卡来测试自己。如果一门课程的练习或以前的考试是可用的，把它作为指南。)”讲述通过测试自己熟能生巧，F项中的exams呼应上文的testing和exams，因此推断F项“这样的考试可以帮助你了解在未来的考试中会发生什么。”符合语境，these exams指代前文提到的either practice exams, r flash cards以及a practice r ld exam frm a curse，故选F。
21．D 22．B 23．B 24．C 25．A 26．D 27．B 28．A 29．C 30．D 31．C 32．D 33．A 34．C 35．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲的是作者在整理家里的东西准备搬家时发现了生活中保留下来的许多纸——信件、海报、退稿信、父亲节卡片、诗歌等等，作者发现即使在无纸化的时代，纸张仍然有它的用途，它们会触发人的记忆，让人有机会认识自己、审视自己。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我必须决定哪些要送掉，哪些要扔掉，哪些要卖掉和运到海外。A. discver发现；B. imagine想象；C. hesitate犹豫；D. determine决定。根据上文“preparing t mve t Italy”和“I srted thrugh everything”可知，作者要搬走了，在收拾东西，所以要决定哪些要送掉，哪些要扔掉。故选D。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我必须决定哪些要送掉，哪些要扔掉，哪些要卖掉和运到海外。A. pack打包；B. sell售卖；C. shw展示；D. hide隐藏。根据上文“what t give away, what t thrw ut”可知，作者要把东西都弄出去，所以此处是卖掉一些，故选B。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它迫使我回顾和记住我的过去。A. family家庭；B. past过去；C. duty责任；D. friend朋友。根据上文“review and remember”可知，要回顾和记住的是过去，故选B。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：处理了一生中收集的所有物质物品，我重新发现了我对纸的重视程度。A. avided避免；B. wasted浪费；C. gathered聚集；D. carried携带。根据前文“Last year, preparing t mve t Italy, I srted thrugh everything in ur New Yrk apartment. Clthes, shes, tys, china, handbags-yu name it”可知，衣服、鞋子、玩具、瓷器、手袋都是作者一生所累积的东西，空格处意为“聚集”。故选C。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：处理了一生中收集的所有物质物品，我重新发现了我对纸的重视程度。A. paper纸；B. mney金钱；C. knwledge知识；D. friendship友谊。根据倒数第二段的“My lve f paper”可知，作者喜欢纸，所以作者是重视纸的，故选A。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我找到罗纳德·里根总统写给我父亲的信，祝贺他为聋人社区所做的贡献。A. preparing准备；B. searching搜索；C. cmplaining抱怨；D. cngratulating祝贺。根据下文“fr his service t the deaf cmmunity”可知，总统是祝贺他为聋人社区所做的贡献。故选D。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：爷爷带我去看的20世纪60年代百老汇热门剧目的海报。A. stries故事；B. psters海报；C. suggestins建议；D. characters人物。根据下文“fr 1960s Bradway hits”可知，此处是指20世纪60年代百老汇热门剧目的海报。故选B。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我收到了杂志编辑的退稿信，还有我当律师的叔叔打出来的信，他劝我不要再游手好闲，找一份真正的工作。A. ntes短笺，便条；B. pictures图画；C. bills账单；D. lessns课。根据下文“frm magazine editrs”可知，此处是指杂志编辑的退稿信。故选A。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我收到了杂志编辑的退稿信，还有我当律师的叔叔打出来的信，他劝我不要再游手好闲，找一份真正的工作。A. start开始；B. enjy享受；C. quit停止；D. miss错过。根据下文“get a real jb”可知，作者的叔叔叫作者停止游手好闲，找一份真正的工作。故选C。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我保留了父亲节卡片和一首诗，在我们结婚40周年纪念日送给我妻子。A. remved清除；B. cnnected连接；C. ignred忽视；D. kept保留。根据下文“Father’s Day cards and a pem t my wife n ur 40th anniversary”可知，作者保留了卡片和诗，故选D。
31．考查副词词义辨析。句意：它向我证明，即使生活走向数字化，几乎无纸化，纸张仍然有它的用途。A. never从不；B. again再次；C. still仍然；D. just仅仅。根据下文“even with life ging digital and all but paperless”可知，即使生活走向数字化，几乎无纸化，纸张仍然有它的用途。故选C。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：浏览这些文件是一个更好地了解自己的机会，让我认识到我是谁，我是如何改变的。A. identity身份；B. ability能力；C. hnur荣耀；D. pprtunity机会。根据下文“t better knw myself, t recgnize wh I was and hw I’d changed”可知，此处是指这是一个更好地了解自己的机会。故选D。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对纸的热爱给了我生活经验的具体证明：经营婚姻、抚养孩子和赢得斗争。A. prf证明；B. situatin情况；C. advice建议；D. thught想法。根据下文“managing a marriage, raising children, and winning struggles”可知，作者对纸的热爱证明了自己经营婚姻、抚养孩子和赢得斗争这些生活经验。故选A。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一种充实的生活。A. brught带来；B. risked冒险；C. lived生活；D. spent花费。根据上文“It’s a life”可知，life和live搭配，live a 意为“过……样的生活”，此处是指生活得很充实。故选C。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许他们会被吸引去探索只有我们家族才能拥有的历史。A. recrd记录；B. explre探索；C. write写；D. teach教导。根据上文“smeday my children may cme acrss these keepsakes”和下文“the histry”可知，作者的孩子们可能会看到这些纪念品，进而去探索家族的历史，故选B。
36．extremely 37．t clean 38．in 39．valuable 40．whse 41．was cmbined 42．Carrying 43．the 44．cnsumptin 45．sld
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了欧洲人对中国瓷器的痴迷，并讲述了中国瓷器专家Lars Tharp探究中国瓷器如此珍贵的原因。
36．考查副词。句意：虽然它被描述为一件“非常重要和极其罕见”的艺术品，但它是一个浅碗，在中国古代用于清洁书法和画笔。空格处用副词extremely修饰形容词rare，extremely意为“极其”，故填extremely。
37．考查不定式。句意：虽然它被描述为一件“非常重要和极其罕见”的艺术品，但它是一个浅碗，在中国古代用于清洁书法和画笔。that指代的是先行词“a shallw bwl”，是物，是被用来清洁书法笔和画笔，“某物被用来做某事”是sth. be used t d，因此空格处是不定式t clean，故填t clean。
38．考查介词。句意：答案在于欧洲人对中国瓷器的痴迷。lie in是固定短语，意为“在于”，因此空格处用介词in，故填in。
39．考查形容词。句意：中国瓷器专家Lars Tharp着手探索中国瓷器如此珍贵的原因。空格处用形容词作表语，value的形容词是“valuable”，意为“值钱的，贵重的”，故填valuable。
40．考查定语从句。句意：他到被称为高岭山的山坡去旅行，18世纪，几乎每一个中国出口的花瓶、盘子和杯子都是在这里诞生的，高岭土这个词就是从它的名字而来的。空格处是“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，Munt Galin和name之间是所属关系，因此空格处用表所属的whse，故填whse。
41．考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：他看到了瓷土是如何与另一种物质——云母结合在一起，从而变成瓷器的。空格处是谓语，china clay和cmbine之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此句子用被动语态，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，主语china clay是不可数名词，因此空格处是was cmbined。故填was cmbined。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意：拉尔斯拿着自己新买的花瓶，揭开了中国瓷器之都景德镇的一些秘密。句中谓语是uncvered，空格处用非谓语动词，Lars和carry之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Carrying。
43．考查定冠词。句意：他看到中欧之间的贸易不仅改变了我们对美的看法，而且也影响了整个中国美学传统。空格处要用定冠词the特指中欧之间的贸易，故填the。
44．考查名词。句意：在过去的十年里，瓷器热推动了高消费。high是形容词，修饰名词，句子表示“瓷器热推动了高消费”，空格处意为“消费”，名词是cnsumptin，是不可数名词，故填cnsumptin。
45．考查非谓语动词。句意：拍卖会上售出的这只碗表明，中国瓷器的吸引力一如既往地强大。句中谓语是shws，空格处用非谓语动词，bwl和sell之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填sld。
46．One pssible versin:
Dear Jerry,
I am awfully srry t learn yu have been trapped in a bad md.
Actually, negative emtins are unavidable, but dn’t let it ccupy the whle f yu fr t lng. Uneasiness and wrry are infectius. Nt nly des it harm yu, but als the peple arund yu. T vercme the bad situatin, yu culd try sme useful ways. Fr example, wrking ut regularly, I think, is a nice chice, which can relieve yu f yur terrible feelings. Anther chice is that yu culd turn t bks abut famus peple. Getting a glimpse f their life helps yu t get t knw mre abut the beauty f ur wn life.
Anyway, there is always a way ut. Dn’t wrry t much. Beautiful life is just ahead waiting fr us t explre.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国笔友Jerry写封信，帮助他摆脱困境，内容包括：1.说明负面情绪的不良影响；2.提出有效的建议；3.安慰并表达祝愿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
非常：awfully→extremely
实际上：actually→as a matter f fact
有用的：useful→helpful
选择：chice→ptin
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：T vercme the bad situatin, yu culd try sme useful ways.
拓展句：Yu culd try sme useful ways that can help yu vercme the bad situatin.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Nt nly des it harm yu, but als the peple arund yu. (运用了部分倒装句)
[高分句型2] Fr example, wrking ut regularly, I think, is a nice chice, which can relieve yu f yur terrible feelings. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
47．One pssible versin:
We walked a shrt way alng the rad t a pretty cttage. We went inside and there, in the sitting rm, sleeping in a big new dggy bed was my little friend. Tw small girls were sitting by his side, tuching his head sftly. The pliceman threw back his head and laughed. “I’ve just been kidding yu, Mr. Herrit. This is my huse and I’ve taken him as a pet fr my tw daughters. They’ve been wanting a dg fr sme time and I thught he’d be just right fr them.”
A wave f relief swept ver me. “Well, that’s wnderful,” I said. I lked at his kind face gratefully. I laughed t. I didn’t mind having the jke played n me because, funny r nt, he wuld be a kind master fr my dggy friend. I lifted the dg frm his bed. The small girls held up a beautiful new red cllar with a lead t match. Their new pet liked the lk f them because he sat up in that psitin I remembered s well, his paws dangling, his face lking up eagerly. The begging dg had fund a hme at last.
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了“我”在市场上闲逛，一只乞食的小狗引起了“我”的注意。小狗看起来很友好，但好像又惧怕与人接触，一位警察猜测这是一只流浪狗。“我”在市场上遇到那位警察，他告诉“我”那只狗被逮捕了，警察带着疑惑的“我”去找小狗的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我们沿着这条路走了一小段路，来到一座漂亮的小屋。”可知，第一段可描写小狗的命运得到妥善安排。
②由第二段首句内容“一阵宽慰席卷了我。”可知，第二段可描写事情得到解决后，作者对整体事件的评价。
2.续写线索：看见狗——告知真相——感到高兴
3.词汇激活
行为类
①进入：g inside/enter
②笑：laugh/smile
③举起：lift/raise
情绪类
①感激地：gratefully/thankfully
②渴望地：eagerly/lngingly
【点睛】[高分句型1]They’ve been wanting a dg fr sme time and I thught he’d be just right fr them.（由连接词that引导的宾语从句，省略了引导词that）
[高分句型2]Their new pet liked the lk f them because he sat up in that psitin I remembered s well, his paws dangling, his face lking up eagerly.（由because引导的原因状语从句和that引导的定语从句，省略了引导词that）
第I卷（选择题）
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Explre Yur Passin at Harvard University
Yur educatin desn’t stp at the classrm dr. Student activities are a vital part f the Harvard experience, balancing yur studies and creating pprtunities fr friendship and self-discvery.
Athletics
Harvard Athletics ffers frty-tw intercllege teams fr wmen and men - mre than any ther cllege des ——as well as numerus sprts clubs and recreatinal activities. Mre than eighty percent f ur students participate in athletics f sme kind.
Student rganizatins
Jin ur cmmunity f ver 500 student rganizatins. Yu can get t knw student rganizatins at ur Student Organizatin Fair, an annual traditin that takes place the first week f class. Yu can als write fr the student newspaper n the Assciated Press. Even if yu dn’t see a club that matches yur interests, we’re ready t help yu set up ne! Des that sund amazing t yu?
Cmmunity service
Giving back t cmmunities is an ideal fundamental t Harvard’s missin. The Phillips Brks Huse Assciatin and the Cllege Public Service Netwrk ffers mre than 120 service initiatives (方案)and prgrams - frm instructing lcal yuth t prmting envirnmental sustainability and running a hmeless shelter. Fr thse dedicated t cmmunity initiatives, Harvard als ffers a variety f funding surces 一 that supprt yur gals t serve thse arund yu.
Leadership
The Institute f Plitics (IOP) at the Harvard Kennedy Schl cnnects students with plitical leaders and experienced civil servants. Harvard undergraduates have access t the Institute’s Jhn F. Kennedy Jr. Frum, ne f the wrld’s best grunds fr plitical speech, discussin, and debate.
Click here t keep track f relevant infrmatin.
1．Which activity seems attractive t mst students?
A．Athletics.B．Student rganizatins.C．Cmmunity service.D．Leadership.
2．What can yu d if there is n club fit fr yu?
A．Jin a student rganizatin.B．Ask fr help t create ne.
C．Set up a recreatinal activity.D．Serve the peple arund yu.
3．Hw can yu get t knw mre abut these activities?
A．By writing fr the schl newspaper.B．By referring t the service initiatives.
C．By paying a visit t Harvard graduates.D．By surfing the related schl website.
B
When he went utside during the break, Jhn Buettner wuld dream f learning the mnkey-bars. He uses a wheelchair, s they aren’t accessible t him — in fact, mst f the playgrund at Glen Lake Elementary Schl isn’t. Betsy Julien wuld lk ut at the students in their wheelchairs, and thught, “Our playgrund is nt set up fr everybdy in the schl t play and have fun.”
Nw, thanks t this teacher and her students, that dream is abut t cme true in a bigger way.
Last fall, Julien and a few f her clleagues applied fr, and wn, a grant fr an accessible swing and merry-g-rund. The grant fell $35,000 shrt f the amunt the schl needed, s Julien asked her class t help raise the rest.
Her students jumped at the idea, and tk it a step further. “Why can’t we make the whle playgrund accessible?” said Hadley Mangan. They brainstrmed ideas n hw t raise mney: dr-kncking, partnering with restaurants, handing ut flyers, and even cld-calling lcal businesses. They gt t wrk and reached their gal in a matter f weeks. Nw, they aim t raise $1 millin s they can cmpletely transfrm their playgrund.
Last week, Julien laded the students fr a field trip t see hw the equipment is built and even gt t clr in a blueprint f the playgrund design. Buettner said he culd hardly believe hw quickly an idea turned int reality. “All f this equipment is big enugh fr my friends and I t play n. I just feel sme sense f capability.”
Julien speaks thrugh tears, t, when reflecting n the prject and the transfrmatin. “Anything we raise beynd ur gal will g twards accessible equipment at neighbring schls. I hpe that the wrld is accepting and inclusive fr every child.”
4．What’s the prblem with the schl playgrund?
A．Little playing space.B．Limited accessibility.
C．Pr cnstructin funding.D．Narrw wheelchair passage.
5．What des the underlined phrase “a step further” refer t?
A．Dnating mre mney.
B．Achieving riginal gals.
C．Asking mre peple fr help.
D．Transfrming the whle playgrund.
6．What can we infer frm Buettner’s wrds?
A．He engages mre in dnatin.B．He has mre faith in himself.
C．He becmes an expert in sprts.D．He gets mre invlved in cntests.
7．What can we learn frm Julien’s stry?
A．Hard wrk matters.B．Kindness bears fruits.
C．Gd ideas win favr.D．Trust prmtes friendship.
C
Distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic has made bth physical and scial cnnectins a tuch mre difficult t maintain. Fr Stanfrd University student Millie Salvat, being apart frm her friend n the ppsite cast has prved challenging. Smetimes a text r vide call is nt enugh, and peple in Salvat’s situatin ften lng fr a way t send a cmfrting hug frm afar. In a new study detailed in IEEE Transactins n Haptics, she and her clleagues demnstrated a wearable sleeve that can simulate (模拟) human tuch and cnvey scial messages sent electrnically.
Salvat and her team measured hw 37 participants expressed scial messages in different situatins. In each test, ne persn wre a pressure-sensing device n an arm, and anther tuched it t respnd t six different scenes: attentin seeking, gratitude, happiness, calming, lve and sadness. After cllecting 661 tuch mvements, Salvat and her clleagues mapped the lcatin and pressure f each. Next, they used a machine-learning algrithm (算法) t select the mvements that were mst reliably part f each respnse. Finally, they prgrammed a wearable sleeve t simulate these mvements using eight built-in disks that vibrate when electrnically signaled. “The instant it received signals, I culd feel the tuch and identify its intended meaning. “One participant reprted.
Even with n training, the participants crrectly matched the simulated tuches t the six scenes 45 percent f the time. Fr cmparisn, a previus study fund participants culd match scenes fr tuches frm real human hands 55 percent f the time.
Gerling, a tuch researcher at Harvard wh was nt invlved in the study, said the inventin was really surprising. But the study was small and needs t cver far larger grups f peple t determine exactly which are the mst desirable respnses. Besides, he believes the sleeve surely will enjy great ppularity nce launched n the market.
8．What were participants asked t d during the study?
A．Pick up reliable respnses.
B．Mdel n electrnic tuches.
C．Respnd t different situatins.
D．Mark ut prgrammed mvements.
9．What des the underlined wrd “vibrate” mean in paragraph 2?
A．Alarm.B．Shake.C．Shine.D．Infrm.
10．What des Gerling suggest accrding t the last paragraph?
A．Cvering mre scenes.B．Launching n the market.
C．Cnducting further research.D．Interviewing the participants.
11．Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A．Electrnic Sleeves Helping Feel Virtual Tuch
B．New Technlgy Imprving Scial Cnnectins
C．New Sensing Device Increasing Physical Tuches
D．Electrnic Sleeves Respnding t Different Situatins
D
As restaurants, malls and mvie theaters fill back up with peple, the wrkplace has remained nearly empty. This is partly driven by hw cmmn remte wrk has becme in sciety. Peple have invested in creating wrkspaces in their hmes, relcated t smaller twns and even taken their wrk t vacatin resrts. Nw, with an easing pandemic and slwing ecnmy, cmpanies are increasingly trying t draw emplyees back int the ffice. But many just dn’t want t g.
Thugh seen as a necessity during the pandemic, sme business leaders dubt whether the current level f remte wrk is sustainable. And they’re right. A fully virtual wrkplace misses sme f the key drivers fr perfrmance and prductivity, which are tp f mind right nw fr businesses facing the prspect f a ptential recessin(衰退). Understandably, they want wrkers back in the ffice because they’re preparing fr a mre cmpetitive envirnment, which calls fr maximizing efficiency. Fully remte wrk desn’t cultivate the level f interpersnal relatinships that business leaders see as vital t wrkplace innvatin.
When cmpanies are respnding t market shifts and ecnmic stresses, new ideas, prblem slving and brainstrming all becme essential. And brainstrming sessins are much easier t cnduct in persn, where wrkers can exchange their ideas in cnference rms r shared wrk spaces. Remte wrkers, meanwhile, are mre prne t distractins at hme that can disrupt their cncentratin and participatin.
It’s nt just what happens in frmal meetings that adds value. It’s als the rganic cnnectins and culture-building that ccurs when wrkers run int each ther in the hallways r after a cmpany gathering. It’s these spntaneus (自发的) pprtunities t inquire int the details that are missed when ne is wrking remtely.
Undubtedly, there will be wrkers wh dn’t agree. But leaders we it t all share hlders, including wrkers, t make the best plicy decisins. Plicy can’t just make sense fr wrkers. It must als make business sense in rder t preserve pprtunities fr wrkers t wrk; it must make financial sense in rder t prtect pprtunities fr wrkers t earn a living.
12．What d we knw abut remte wrk?
A．It was ppular in smaller twns.
B．It slwed dwn the ecnmy.
C．It was necessary during the pandemic.
D．It brught peple t public places.
13．Why d leaders want wrkers back in the ffice?
A．T imprve wrkers’ efficiency.
B．T create a relaxed atmsphere.
C．T cultivate friendlier relatinships.
D．T explre wrkers’ ptential.
14．Accrding t the authr, what must be priritized when the best plicy decisins are made?
A．The ambitins f the leaders.
B．The cmfrt f the emplyees.
C．The interests f the businesses.
D．The ability f the sharehlders.
15．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Fully Remte Wrk Likely t Disappear
B．Remte Wrkers Lsing Their Jbs
C．Plicymakers Caught in a Dilemma
D．Cmpanies Struggling with Slwing Ecnmy
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Highly Effective Study Habits
Fr students, smetimes it’s nt easy t cncentrate n studying. If yu want better grades, yu need mre effective study habits. The key t effective studying isn’t studying lnger but studying smarter. 16
● Plan when yu’re ging t study.
Successful students schedule specific times when they are ging t study—and then they stick t their schedule. 17 Even if yu can catch up with yur studies, creating a weekly rutine will enable yu t succeed in yur educatin in the lng run.
● Set a specific gal fr each study.
18 Yu need t knw exactly what yu need t achieve during each study sessin. Befre yu start, set a study gal that supprts yur verall academic gal (eg. memrize 30 vcabulary wrds fr an upcming exam).
● 19
As yur mst difficult assignment r subject will need the mst effrt, yu shuld start with it first. Once yu’ve finished the mst difficult wrk, it will be much easier t cmplete the rest. Believe it r nt, this will greatly imprve the effectiveness f yur study sessins.
● Practice by yurself.
Practice makes perfect. Yu can practice by yurself by testing yurself with either practice exams, r flash cards. If a practice r ld exam frm a curse is available, use it as a guide. 20
We’re cnfident that if yu develp the habits abve, yu’ll see a great imprvement in yur academic success.
A．Imprve yur study effectiveness.
B．Yu shuld study regularly all the time.
C．Start with the mst difficult subject first.
D．Studying withut directin is nt effective.
E．Yu can begin studying smarter with these study habits.
F．Such exams help yu understand what t expect in the future exam.
G．Students wh study withut a schedule usually d nt perfrm s well.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Last year, preparing t mve t Italy, I srted thrugh everything in ur New Yrk apartment. Clthes, shes, tys, china, handbags-yu name it. I had t 21 what t give away, what t thrw ut, and what t 22 and ship verseas.
It frced me t review and remember my 23 . Sme surprises awaited me. Dealing with all the material gds 24 ver a lifetime, I rediscvered just hw much I value 25 .
I fund the letter President Rnald Reagan sent t my father, 26 him fr his service t the deaf cmmunity; sme 27 fr 1960s Bradway hits my grandpa had taken me t see. I had rejectin 28 frm magazine editrs, and a typed letter frm my lawyer uncle advising me t 29 fling arund and get a real jb. I 30 Father’s Day cards and a pem t my wife n ur 40th anniversary.
It prved t me that paper 31 serves a purpse, even with life ging digital and all but paperless. Ging thrugh these dcuments was an 32 t better knw myself, t recgnize wh I was and hw I’d changed.
My lve f paper gave me cncrete 33 f life experiences: managing a marriage, raising children, and winning struggles. It’s a life 34 t the fullest.
I did it mstly fr me. But smeday my children may cme acrss these keepsakes (纪念品). Perhaps they’ll be drawn t 35 the histry nly ur family can claim.
21．A．discverB．imagineC．hesitateD．determine
22．A．packB．sellC．shwD．hide
23．A．familyB．pastC．dutyD．dream
24．A．avidedB．wastedC．gatheredD．carried
25．A．paperB．mneyC．knwledgeD．friendship
26．A．preparingB．searchingC．cmplainingD．cngratulating
27．A．striesB．pstersC．suggestinsD．characters
28．A．ntesB．picturesC．billsD．lessns
29．A．startB．enjyC．quitD．miss
30．A．remvedB．cnnectedC．ignredD．kept
31．A．neverB．againC．stillD．just
32．A．identityB．abilityC．hnurD．pprtunity
33．A．prfB．situatinC．adviceD．thught
34．A．brughtB．riskedC．livedD．spent
35．A．recrdB．explreC．writeD．teach
第II卷（非选择题）
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 2017, a Chinese antique bwl fetched $ 38 millin at auctin (拍卖)—a new recrd fr Chinese prcelain (瓷器). Thugh it was described as “a highly imprtant and 36 (extreme) rare” piece f art, it was a shallw bwl that was used in ancient China 37 (clean) calligraphy and paint brushes. Why is Chinese prcelain s expensive? The answer lies 38 the Eurpean bsessin (痴迷) with Chinese prcelain.
Lars Tharp, a Chinese prcelain specialist, set ut t explre why Chinese prcelain was s 39 (value). He traveled t the muntainside in which almst every single Chinese exprt vase, plate and cup began life in the 18th century—a muntain knwn as Munt Galin, frm 40 name we get the wrd kalin, r china clay. He saw hw the china clay 41 (cmbine) with anther substance, mica, that wuld turn it int prcelain.
42 (carry) his wn newly-acquired vase, Lars uncvered sme secrets f China’s prcelain capital, Jingdezhen. He saw hw 43 trade between China and Eurpe nt nly changed ur idea f what was beautiful but als affected the whle traditin f Chinese aesthetics t.
The prcelain fever has driven high 44 (cnsume) in the past ten years. Tday China’s rising millinaire class are buying back the exprt china nce shipped t Eurpe. The bwl 45 (sell) at auctin shws that the appeal f Chinese prcelain is as strng as ever.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46．最近，你的英国笔友Jerry总是感到焦躁不安，来信和你交流，请你回信帮助他摆脱困境。内容包括：
1.说明负面情绪的不良影响；
2.提出有效的建议；
3.安慰并表达祝愿。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.开头已给出，不计入总词数；
3.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jerry,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
47．阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
On market days when the farmers arund Darrwby brught their gds t the little twn t sell, I used t take a walk acrss the square t meet the farmers wh gathered there t chat. One f the farmers was telling me abut his sick cw when he saw a little dg amng the market stalls (货摊). The thing that made us ntice the dg was that he was sitting up, paws dangling (悬垂), head pinting expectantly, begging, in frnt f the stall selling cakes and biscuits.
“Lk at that little fellw,” the farmer said. “I wnder where he’s frm.”
As he spke, the stallhlder threw the dg sme bread which the animal ate eagerly, but when the man came rund and stretched ut a hand the little thing ran away.
I was standing there, trying t see where he had gne, when a yung pliceman came up t me.
“I’ve been watching that dg begging amng the stalls all mrning,” he said, “but I haven’t been able t get near him.”
“Yes, it’s strange. Yu can see he’s friendly, but he’s als afraid. I wnder wh wns him.”
“I think he’s a stray (无主的宠物), Mr. Herrit. I knw just abut all the dgs arund here. But this ne is a stranger t me.”
I ndded. “I’m sure yu’re right. Anything culd have happened t him. He culd have been ill-treated by smebdy and run away, r he culd have been dumped frm a car.”
“Yes,” the pliceman replied, “I dn’t knw hw anybdy can leave a helpless animal t fend fr (照料) itself like that. I’ve had a few tries at catching him, but it’s n gd.”
A week passed befre I met the pliceman again in the market.
“Have yu caught the dg, sir?” I asked.
The pliceman lked very serius. “Yes,” he replied, “I’m afraid he’s been arrested.”
“Arrested?” I said in astnishment. “What d yu mean?”
“Well,” he said, “it seems that it’s against the law fr a dg t g begging in the market square.”
“I still dn’t knw what this is all abut,” I said. “Where is he nw?”
“I’ll take yu t him,” the pliceman replied.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
We walked a shrt way alng the rad t a pretty cttage.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A wave f relief swept ver me.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．A 2．B 3．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四种在哈佛大学中为友谊和自我发现创造机会的学生活动。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Mre than eighty percent f ur students participate in athletics f sme kind.(我们百分之八十以上的学生参加了某种形式的田径运动。)可知，大多数学生才加的活动是田径，即对大多数大学生有吸引力的活动是田径。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Even if yu dn’t see a club that matches yur interests, we’re ready t help yu set up ne!(即使您没有看到符合您兴趣的俱乐部，我们也随时准备帮助您建立一个！)”可知，如果没有适合你的俱乐部，可以寻求帮助建立一个。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“Click here t keep track f relevant infrmatin.(单击此处跟踪相关信息。)”可知，如果要了解更多信息，就要浏览学校相关的网站来获得相关信息。故选D。
4．B 5．D 6．B 7．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jhn Buettner的老师和同学为了能让残疾的他和其他残疾学生在学校操场上玩耍，发起了筹款活动，最终成功改造了操场。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“He uses a wheelchair, s they aren’t accessible t him — in fact, mst f the playgrund at Glen Lake Elementary Schl isn’t. (他使用轮椅，所以轮椅对他来说并不方便——事实上，格伦湖小学的大部分操场都不方便。)”可知，学校操场的问题是对于使用轮椅的人来说并不方便，即无障碍环境有限，故选B。
5．词句猜测题。根据划线短语上文“s Julien asked her class t help raise the rest.(所以朱利安让她的学生帮忙筹集剩下的钱。)”和下文““Why can’t we make the whle playgrund accessible?” said Hadley Mangan. (“为什么我们不能让整个操场都变得方便呢？”哈德利·曼根说。)”可知，Julien让她的学生帮忙筹集剩下的钱，她的学生欣然接受了，并决定筹集钱把整个操场改造一下，弄得更方便，由此可推知，“a step further”指的是改造整个操场，故选D。
6．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Buettner所说的话“I just feel sme sense f capability(我只是觉得自己有能力)”可推知，Buettner对自己更加有信心，故选B。
7．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“When he went utside during the break, Jhn Buettner wuld dream f learning the mnkey-bars. He uses a wheelchair, s they aren’t accessible t him — in fact, mst f the playgrund at Glen Lake Elementary Schl isn’t. (课间休息时，约翰·比特纳出去玩时，总是梦想着学习单杠。他使用轮椅，所以轮椅对他来说并不方便——事实上，格伦湖小学的大部分操场都不方便。)”和第二段中“Nw, thanks t this teacher and her students, that dream is abut t cme true in a bigger way.(现在，多亏了这位老师和她的学生，这个梦想即将以更大的方式实现。)”可知，文章主要讲述了Jhn Buettner的老师和同学为了能让残疾的他和其他残疾学生在学校操场上玩耍，发起了筹款活动，最终成功改造了操场。由此可推知，从这个故事中可以得知，善良会结出果实。故选B。
8．C 9．B 10．C 11．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了斯坦福大学的学生Millie Salvat研究出了一种可穿戴的袖子，它可以模拟人类的触摸并传达电子发送的社交信息。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段“In each test, ne persn wre a pressure-sensing device n an arm, and anther tuched it t respnd t six different scenes: attentin seeking, gratitude, happiness, calming, lve and sadness. (在每次测试中，一个人在手臂上佩戴压力感应装置，另一个人触摸它，以应对六个不同的场景：寻求关注、感激、幸福、平静、爱和悲伤)”可知，研究中被试要求对不同的情境做出回应，故选C项。
9．词句猜测题。根据第二段划线词的下文“The instant it received signals, I culd feel the tuch and identify its intended meaning (它一收到信号，我就能感觉到触摸，并确定它的意图)”可推理出划线词的含义为“摇动；震动”，故选B项。
10．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Gerling, a tuch researcher at Harvard wh was nt invlved in the study, said the inventin was really surprising. But the study was small and needs t cver far larger grups f peple t determine exactly which are the mst desirable respnses. (哈佛大学触摸研究人员Gerling没有参与这项研究，他说这项发明真的很令人惊讶。但这项研究规模较小，需要覆盖更大的人群，以确定哪些是最理想的反应)”可推理出Gerling建议做更深入的研究，故选C项。
11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“she and her clleagues demnstrated a wearable sleeve that can simulate (模拟) human tuch and cnvey scial messages sent electrnically (她和她的同事展示了一种可穿戴的袖子，它可以模拟人的触摸并通过电子方式传递社交信息)”、第二段““The instant it received signals, I culd feel the tuch and identify its intended meaning. “One participant reprted. (一位参与者报告说：“它一收到信号，我就能感觉到触摸，并识别出它的意图”)”以及最后一段“Gerling, a tuch researcher at Harvard wh was nt invlved in the study, said the inventin was really surprising. (哈佛大学触摸研究人员Gerling没有参与这项研究，他说这项发明真的很令人惊讶)”可知本文主要讲的是电子套袖有助于感受虚拟触感，故选A项。
12．C 13．A 14．C 15．A
【导语】本文是议论文。分析了人们为什么不想回到办公室上班以及远程工作的问题。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“Thugh seen as a necessity during the pandemic(尽管在疫情期间似乎是必要的)”可知，在疫情严重的时期，远程办公是有必要的。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段的“A fully virtual wrkplace misses sme f the key drivers fr perfrmance and prductivity, which are tp f mind right nw fr businesses facing the prspect f a ptential recessin(衰退). Understandably, they want wrkers back in the ffice because they’re preparing fr a mre cmpetitive envirnment, which calls fr maximizing efficiency. (完全虚拟的工作环境忽略了一些影响绩效和生产力的关键因素，而这些因素正是当前面临潜在衰退前景的企业最关心的问题。可以理解的是，他们希望员工回到办公室，因为他们正在为一个更激烈的竞争环境做准备，这要求效率最大化)”可知，公司想让员工回到公司上班是为了提高效率。故选A。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Undubtedly, there will be wrkers wh dn’t agree. But leaders we it t all share hlders, including wrkers, t make the best plicy decisins. Plicy can’t just make sense fr wrkers. It must als make business sense in rder t preserve pprtunities fr wrkers t wrk; it must make financial sense in rder t prtect pprtunities fr wrkers t earn a living.(毫无疑问，会有员工不同意。但领导人有责任为包括工人在内的所有股东做出最佳的政策决策。政策不能只对工人有意义。它还必须具有商业意义，以便为工人保留工作机会；它必须具有财务意义，以保护工人的谋生机会)”推知，作者认为在作决策的时候，还是应该优先考虑公司的利益。故选C。
15．主旨大意题。全文介绍了当前人们远程上班的一些问题以及公司对提高效率的希望，结合最后一段“Undubtedly, there will be wrkers wh dn’t agree. But leaders we it t all share hlders, including wrkers, t make the best plicy decisins. Plicy can’t just make sense fr wrkers. It must als make business sense in rder t preserve pprtunities fr wrkers t wrk; it must make financial sense in rder t prtect pprtunities fr wrkers t earn a living.(毫无疑问，会有员工不同意。但领导人有责任为包括工人在内的所有股东做出最佳的政策决策。政策不能只对工人有意义。它还必须具有商业意义，以便为工人保留工作机会；它必须具有财务意义，以保护工人的谋生机会)”可知，A项“完全在家办公的日子可能要结束”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选A。
16．E 17．G 18．D 19．C 20．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出学习不能光靠死记硬背和花时间，要学得聪明一点，并从几个方面提供了一些注意事项。
16．上文“If yu want better grades, yu need mre effective study habits. The key t effective studying isn’t studying lnger but studying smarter.( 如果你想要更好的成绩，你需要更有效的学习习惯。有效学习的关键不在于学得更久，而在于学得更聪明。)”讲述要有效学习，不是学习更长时间而是学得聪明，下文介绍了几个好的学习习惯，因此推断空处承上启下，E项“你可以通过这些学习习惯开始更聪明地学习。”符合语境，故填E。
17．上文“Successful students schedule specific times when they are ging t study—and then they stick t their schedule.( 成功的学生会为自己的学习安排好具体的时间，然后严格遵守。)”讲述成功学生的做法，安排好时间并严格遵守，G项中的“schedule”呼应“schedule”，因此推断G项“没有学习计划表的学生通常表现不佳。”符合语境，与上文形成对比，故选G。
18．根据段落标题“Set a specific gal fr each study.( 为每项学习设定一个具体的目标。)”可知，本段讲述要有具体的学校目标，下文“Yu need t knw exactly what yu need t achieve during each study sessin.(你需要确切地知道在每次学习过程中你需要实现什么。)”再次强调要有具体的目标的重要性，D项“没有方向的学习是没有效率的。”符合语境，通过对比说明有具体目标的重要意义，没有目标的学习无效。故选D。
19．空处为段落标题。根据下文“As yur mst difficult assignment r subject will need the mst effrt, yu shuld start with it first. Once yu’ve finished the mst difficult wrk, it will be much easier t cmplete the rest. Believe it r nt, this will greatly imprve the effectiveness f yur study sessins.( 因为你的最困难的任务或科目需要付出最大的努力，所以你应该先从它开始。一旦你完成了最难的工作，剩下的就容易多了。信不信由你，这将大大提高你学习的效率。)”可知，本段讲述了从最困难的任务开始，这样会大大提高效率，因此推断C项“从最难的科目开始”为最佳标题，故选C。
20．上文“Practice makes perfect. Yu can practice by yurself by testing yurself with either practice exams, r flash cards. If a practice r ld exam frm a curse is available, use it as a guide.(熟能生巧。你可以通过练习考试或闪存卡来测试自己。如果一门课程的练习或以前的考试是可用的，把它作为指南。)”讲述通过测试自己熟能生巧，F项中的exams呼应上文的testing和exams，因此推断F项“这样的考试可以帮助你了解在未来的考试中会发生什么。”符合语境，these exams指代前文提到的either practice exams, r flash cards以及a practice r ld exam frm a curse，故选F。
21．D 22．B 23．B 24．C 25．A 26．D 27．B 28．A 29．C 30．D 31．C 32．D 33．A 34．C 35．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲的是作者在整理家里的东西准备搬家时发现了生活中保留下来的许多纸——信件、海报、退稿信、父亲节卡片、诗歌等等，作者发现即使在无纸化的时代，纸张仍然有它的用途，它们会触发人的记忆，让人有机会认识自己、审视自己。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我必须决定哪些要送掉，哪些要扔掉，哪些要卖掉和运到海外。A. discver发现；B. imagine想象；C. hesitate犹豫；D. determine决定。根据上文“preparing t mve t Italy”和“I srted thrugh everything”可知，作者要搬走了，在收拾东西，所以要决定哪些要送掉，哪些要扔掉。故选D。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我必须决定哪些要送掉，哪些要扔掉，哪些要卖掉和运到海外。A. pack打包；B. sell售卖；C. shw展示；D. hide隐藏。根据上文“what t give away, what t thrw ut”可知，作者要把东西都弄出去，所以此处是卖掉一些，故选B。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它迫使我回顾和记住我的过去。A. family家庭；B. past过去；C. duty责任；D. friend朋友。根据上文“review and remember”可知，要回顾和记住的是过去，故选B。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：处理了一生中收集的所有物质物品，我重新发现了我对纸的重视程度。A. avided避免；B. wasted浪费；C. gathered聚集；D. carried携带。根据前文“Last year, preparing t mve t Italy, I srted thrugh everything in ur New Yrk apartment. Clthes, shes, tys, china, handbags-yu name it”可知，衣服、鞋子、玩具、瓷器、手袋都是作者一生所累积的东西，空格处意为“聚集”。故选C。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：处理了一生中收集的所有物质物品，我重新发现了我对纸的重视程度。A. paper纸；B. mney金钱；C. knwledge知识；D. friendship友谊。根据倒数第二段的“My lve f paper”可知，作者喜欢纸，所以作者是重视纸的，故选A。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我找到罗纳德·里根总统写给我父亲的信，祝贺他为聋人社区所做的贡献。A. preparing准备；B. searching搜索；C. cmplaining抱怨；D. cngratulating祝贺。根据下文“fr his service t the deaf cmmunity”可知，总统是祝贺他为聋人社区所做的贡献。故选D。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：爷爷带我去看的20世纪60年代百老汇热门剧目的海报。A. stries故事；B. psters海报；C. suggestins建议；D. characters人物。根据下文“fr 1960s Bradway hits”可知，此处是指20世纪60年代百老汇热门剧目的海报。故选B。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我收到了杂志编辑的退稿信，还有我当律师的叔叔打出来的信，他劝我不要再游手好闲，找一份真正的工作。A. ntes短笺，便条；B. pictures图画；C. bills账单；D. lessns课。根据下文“frm magazine editrs”可知，此处是指杂志编辑的退稿信。故选A。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我收到了杂志编辑的退稿信，还有我当律师的叔叔打出来的信，他劝我不要再游手好闲，找一份真正的工作。A. start开始；B. enjy享受；C. quit停止；D. miss错过。根据下文“get a real jb”可知，作者的叔叔叫作者停止游手好闲，找一份真正的工作。故选C。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我保留了父亲节卡片和一首诗，在我们结婚40周年纪念日送给我妻子。A. remved清除；B. cnnected连接；C. ignred忽视；D. kept保留。根据下文“Father’s Day cards and a pem t my wife n ur 40th anniversary”可知，作者保留了卡片和诗，故选D。
31．考查副词词义辨析。句意：它向我证明，即使生活走向数字化，几乎无纸化，纸张仍然有它的用途。A. never从不；B. again再次；C. still仍然；D. just仅仅。根据下文“even with life ging digital and all but paperless”可知，即使生活走向数字化，几乎无纸化，纸张仍然有它的用途。故选C。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：浏览这些文件是一个更好地了解自己的机会，让我认识到我是谁，我是如何改变的。A. identity身份；B. ability能力；C. hnur荣耀；D. pprtunity机会。根据下文“t better knw myself, t recgnize wh I was and hw I’d changed”可知，此处是指这是一个更好地了解自己的机会。故选D。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对纸的热爱给了我生活经验的具体证明：经营婚姻、抚养孩子和赢得斗争。A. prf证明；B. situatin情况；C. advice建议；D. thught想法。根据下文“managing a marriage, raising children, and winning struggles”可知，作者对纸的热爱证明了自己经营婚姻、抚养孩子和赢得斗争这些生活经验。故选A。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一种充实的生活。A. brught带来；B. risked冒险；C. lived生活；D. spent花费。根据上文“It’s a life”可知，life和live搭配，live a 意为“过……样的生活”，此处是指生活得很充实。故选C。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许他们会被吸引去探索只有我们家族才能拥有的历史。A. recrd记录；B. explre探索；C. write写；D. teach教导。根据上文“smeday my children may cme acrss these keepsakes”和下文“the histry”可知，作者的孩子们可能会看到这些纪念品，进而去探索家族的历史，故选B。
36．extremely 37．t clean 38．in 39．valuable 40．whse 41．was cmbined 42．Carrying 43．the 44．cnsumptin 45．sld
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了欧洲人对中国瓷器的痴迷，并讲述了中国瓷器专家Lars Tharp探究中国瓷器如此珍贵的原因。
36．考查副词。句意：虽然它被描述为一件“非常重要和极其罕见”的艺术品，但它是一个浅碗，在中国古代用于清洁书法和画笔。空格处用副词extremely修饰形容词rare，extremely意为“极其”，故填extremely。
37．考查不定式。句意：虽然它被描述为一件“非常重要和极其罕见”的艺术品，但它是一个浅碗，在中国古代用于清洁书法和画笔。that指代的是先行词“a shallw bwl”，是物，是被用来清洁书法笔和画笔，“某物被用来做某事”是sth. be used t d，因此空格处是不定式t clean，故填t clean。
38．考查介词。句意：答案在于欧洲人对中国瓷器的痴迷。lie in是固定短语，意为“在于”，因此空格处用介词in，故填in。
39．考查形容词。句意：中国瓷器专家Lars Tharp着手探索中国瓷器如此珍贵的原因。空格处用形容词作表语，value的形容词是“valuable”，意为“值钱的，贵重的”，故填valuable。
40．考查定语从句。句意：他到被称为高岭山的山坡去旅行，18世纪，几乎每一个中国出口的花瓶、盘子和杯子都是在这里诞生的，高岭土这个词就是从它的名字而来的。空格处是“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，Munt Galin和name之间是所属关系，因此空格处用表所属的whse，故填whse。
41．考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：他看到了瓷土是如何与另一种物质——云母结合在一起，从而变成瓷器的。空格处是谓语，china clay和cmbine之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此句子用被动语态，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，主语china clay是不可数名词，因此空格处是was cmbined。故填was cmbined。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意：拉尔斯拿着自己新买的花瓶，揭开了中国瓷器之都景德镇的一些秘密。句中谓语是uncvered，空格处用非谓语动词，Lars和carry之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Carrying。
43．考查定冠词。句意：他看到中欧之间的贸易不仅改变了我们对美的看法，而且也影响了整个中国美学传统。空格处要用定冠词the特指中欧之间的贸易，故填the。
44．考查名词。句意：在过去的十年里，瓷器热推动了高消费。high是形容词，修饰名词，句子表示“瓷器热推动了高消费”，空格处意为“消费”，名词是cnsumptin，是不可数名词，故填cnsumptin。
45．考查非谓语动词。句意：拍卖会上售出的这只碗表明，中国瓷器的吸引力一如既往地强大。句中谓语是shws，空格处用非谓语动词，bwl和sell之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填sld。
46．One pssible versin:
Dear Jerry,
I am awfully srry t learn yu have been trapped in a bad md.
Actually, negative emtins are unavidable, but dn’t let it ccupy the whle f yu fr t lng. Uneasiness and wrry are infectius. Nt nly des it harm yu, but als the peple arund yu. T vercme the bad situatin, yu culd try sme useful ways. Fr example, wrking ut regularly, I think, is a nice chice, which can relieve yu f yur terrible feelings. Anther chice is that yu culd turn t bks abut famus peple. Getting a glimpse f their life helps yu t get t knw mre abut the beauty f ur wn life.
Anyway, there is always a way ut. Dn’t wrry t much. Beautiful life is just ahead waiting fr us t explre.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国笔友Jerry写封信，帮助他摆脱困境，内容包括：1.说明负面情绪的不良影响；2.提出有效的建议；3.安慰并表达祝愿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
非常：awfully→extremely
实际上：actually→as a matter f fact
有用的：useful→helpful
选择：chice→ptin
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：T vercme the bad situatin, yu culd try sme useful ways.
拓展句：Yu culd try sme useful ways that can help yu vercme the bad situatin.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Nt nly des it harm yu, but als the peple arund yu. (运用了部分倒装句)
[高分句型2] Fr example, wrking ut regularly, I think, is a nice chice, which can relieve yu f yur terrible feelings. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
47．One pssible versin:
We walked a shrt way alng the rad t a pretty cttage. We went inside and there, in the sitting rm, sleeping in a big new dggy bed was my little friend. Tw small girls were sitting by his side, tuching his head sftly. The pliceman threw back his head and laughed. “I’ve just been kidding yu, Mr. Herrit. This is my huse and I’ve taken him as a pet fr my tw daughters. They’ve been wanting a dg fr sme time and I thught he’d be just right fr them.”
A wave f relief swept ver me. “Well, that’s wnderful,” I said. I lked at his kind face gratefully. I laughed t. I didn’t mind having the jke played n me because, funny r nt, he wuld be a kind master fr my dggy friend. I lifted the dg frm his bed. The small girls held up a beautiful new red cllar with a lead t match. Their new pet liked the lk f them because he sat up in that psitin I remembered s well, his paws dangling, his face lking up eagerly. The begging dg had fund a hme at last.
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了“我”在市场上闲逛，一只乞食的小狗引起了“我”的注意。小狗看起来很友好，但好像又惧怕与人接触，一位警察猜测这是一只流浪狗。“我”在市场上遇到那位警察，他告诉“我”那只狗被逮捕了，警察带着疑惑的“我”去找小狗的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我们沿着这条路走了一小段路，来到一座漂亮的小屋。”可知，第一段可描写小狗的命运得到妥善安排。
②由第二段首句内容“一阵宽慰席卷了我。”可知，第二段可描写事情得到解决后，作者对整体事件的评价。
2.续写线索：看见狗——告知真相——感到高兴
3.词汇激活
行为类
①进入：g inside/enter
②笑：laugh/smile
③举起：lift/raise
情绪类
①感激地：gratefully/thankfully
②渴望地：eagerly/lngingly
【点睛】[高分句型1]They’ve been wanting a dg fr sme time and I thught he’d be just right fr them.（由连接词that引导的宾语从句，省略了引导词that）
[高分句型2]Their new pet liked the lk f them because he sat up in that psitin I remembered s well, his paws dangling, his face lking up eagerly.（由because引导的原因状语从句和that引导的定语从句，省略了引导词that）
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