【期中真题】甘肃省兰州西北师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年度高一上学期期中考试英语试题.zip

这是一份【期中真题】甘肃省兰州西北师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年度高一上学期期中考试英语试题.zip，文件包含期中真题甘肃省兰州西北师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年度高一上学期期中考试英语试题原卷版docx、期中真题甘肃省兰州西北师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年度高一上学期期中考试英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共31页， 欢迎下载使用。

西北师大附中
2021—2022学年第一学期期中试题
高一英语
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.本试卷满分150分，考试时间为120分钟。
3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把机读卡上对应题目的答案标号框涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号框。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
4.考试结束后,请将机读卡与答题卡一并交回，试题自行保管。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分 30分)
第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面 5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.How did the woman feel when she was on TV?
A.Nervous. B. Confident. C. Sad.
2.Why does Lucy refuse the man’s offer?
A.She has no time. B. She is not confident. C. She is uninterested in it.
3. How does the woman suggest the man go to work?
A.By bike. B. By subway. C. By car.
4. What does the man mean?
A.He will go with the woman. B. He does not like the show. C. He is too busy to go.
5 What are the speakers talking about?
A.A company. B. A job. C. A businessman.
第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面 5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话或独白前，你都有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.Why does the man make a phone call?
A.To tell the woman the result of her interview.
B.To interview the woman.
C.To inform the woman of the time for an interview.
7.What does the woman have to do?
A.Start her new position tomorrow.
B.Tell her boss about her leaving the job.
C.Find a replacement for her present position.
听第7段对话，回答第8、9题。
8.What is the woman?
A.A tour guide. B. A teacher. C. A doctor.
9.What does the man want to do?
A.Return to work. B. Join in a sports activity. C. Have a rest.
听第8段对话，回答第10、11、12题。
10What is the woman’s opinion on the cost of living in the city?
A.Low. B. Okey. C. High.
11.What costs the woman most?
A.Meals. B. Train tickets. C. Clothes.
12.What does the woman usually do in her free time?
A.Watch films. B. Shop for clothes. C. Go for a drink.
听第9段对话，回答第13、14、15、16题。
13.What problem does the man have?
A.He has put on much weight.
B.He has not been sleeping well.
C.He has trouble with his computer.
14.What is the worst about the woman’s job?
A.Sitting long hours.
B.Feeling stressed.
C.Having no time to exercise.
15.Where will the speakers go this weekend?
A.To a mountain. B. To a park. C.To a gym.
16.What is the probable relationship between the speakers.?
A.Strangers. B. Classmates. C. Workmates.
听第10段材料，回答第17、18、19、20题。
17.What is the reason for children’s getting fat in the summer?
A.Watching TV. B. Lack of sleep. C. Hot weather.
18.How many meals do a lot of children have daily in the summer?
A.One. B. Two. C. Three.
19.What do most children do when their parents are away?
A.Go outside to play. B. Read books at home. C. Play computer games.
20.What does the speaker suggest parents do?
A.Prepare healthy food for children.
B.Pay attention to their own habits.
C.Spend more time with children.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50 分)
第一节：(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Book reading is certainly one of the most absorbing habits. For young adults who love to read, finding some good books to read is very essential. Writing a book review can help you to improve your language and writing skills.
The Book Thief
Listed on The New York Times Children’s Best Seller List for over 100 weeks, The Book Thief by Markus Zusak is the story of a young girl in the Nazi camps set during World War II. So, if you love history and wish to learn how the life was during Adolf Hitler’s time, read this historic book.
The Diary of Young Girl
Even Anne Frank can not have imagined that her personal diary written during World War II would become such a popular book. It’s a must read that describes the situation of a family in the evils of wars through the eyes of a teenager.
Animal Farm
Animal Farm is one of the most popular books by George Orwell. It is just a reflection of the Stalin and World War II period that has been so creatively presented in this book. It is an interesting example of how literature can be used to present conditions common in the society.
Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
Mark Twain’s Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is one of the great American novels in history, and is certainly a great pick for young adults. Young Huck Finn and his mischief along with the colorful description of people around the Mississippi River make this novel a great book to read.
1. Which book describes the author’s own experiences according to this passage?
A. The Book Thief B. The Diary of Young Girl
C. Animal Farm D. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
2. What do the first three books have in common?
A. All of them are about wars.
B. All of them are about farms.
C. All of them are intended for history lovers.
D. All of them were written during World War II.
3. The purpose of this passage is to _________.
A. instruct youngsters how to improve skills
B. tell youngsters some wonderful reading habits
C. introduce several good books to youngsters
D. give youngsters advice on writing a book review
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了适合年轻人阅读的四本好书。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章The Diary of Young Girl中的“Even Anne Frank can not have imagined that her personal diary written during World War II would become such a popular book.(即使是安妮·弗兰克也没有想到她在二战期间写的个人日记会成为一本如此受欢迎的书)”可知，《安妮日记》这本书描述了作者自己的经历。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。前两本书的背景介绍中都出现了“ World War II”，而第三本书的背景介绍中则出现了“World War I”，即都是关于战争的。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段前两句“Book reading is certainly one of the most absorbing habits. For young adults who love to read, finding some good books to read is very essential. (读书当然是最引人入胜的习惯之一。对于喜欢读书的年轻人来说，找一些好书来读是非常必要的)”可推断，本文目的就是向年轻人介绍一些好的书籍。故选C。
B
Physical education, or gym class, isn’t required for all high school students. In some schools, it isn’t offered for some different reasons. But should high school students have physical education? The answer is certainly “yes”.
Today many people don’t do sports. But as is known to all, doing sports is very important for an adult. Teaching teens the importance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens put exercise in the first place as an adult.
High school isn’t that easy. Many students are under a lot of stress. Stress can be harmful to a student’s studies and life. Doing sports can help them deal with stress better, helping them live a happier life at school.
The American Heart Association says that 10 million kids and teens suffer from obesity (肥胖症). Teens should get 60 minutes of physical activity per day to control their weight and to help their bones get stronger.
The increase in activities that don’t get teens to move around, such as video games and computer activities, means many teens don’t get their required exercise. Physical education classes act as a public health measure to encourage activity and help teens have healthy weights.
Inactivity increases teens’ risk of developing many diseases. An active lifestyle offers a good way of protection from these health problems. As much as 75 percent of health-care spending goes toward treating medical conditions that can be hindered by lifestyle changes, according to the American College of Sports Medicine.
According to the President’s Council on Fitness, Sports and Nutrition (PCFSN), students who performed five hours of physical activity each week improved their academic (学业的) performance. Students from programs with no physical activity, who used the extra time for classroom study, did not perform better on tests than those who gave up some study time in support of physical education.
4. According to Paragraph 2, what does physical education in high school mean?
A. Helping teens learn to make good plans.
B. Removing the stress faced by teens at school.
C. Making teens attach importance to exercise later.
D. Getting teens to encourage adults to exercise.
5. What does the underlined word “hindered” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. Measured. B. Prevented.
C. Shown. D. Caused.
6. According to the PCFSN, what does doing sports mean?
A. Making students choose between sports and studies.
B. Helping students make good use of all their time.
C. Helping students adjust to their studies better.
D. Helping students do better in their studies.
7. What is the text mainly about?
A. How high school students can live a better life.
B. How schools can help students love doing sports.
C. Why some schools consider physical education important.
D. Why high school students should receive physical education.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述上体育课、做运动对青少年的身体和学习都有好的影响。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Teaching teens the importance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens put exercise in the first place as an adult(现在教青少年健康生活方式的重要性，制定健身计划，可以帮助青少年在成年后把锻炼放在首位)”可知，现在教青少年健康生活方式的重要性和制定健身计划可以帮助使青少年以后重视锻炼。故选C。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线部分前面的句子“An active lifestyle offers a good way of protection from these health problems(积极的生活方式是预防这些健康问题的好方法)”可知，积极的生活方式也就是运动和锻炼可以预防健康问题。由此可知，高达75%的用于治疗的医疗支出可能通过生活方式的改变而被阻止，划线处和B项：Prevented(阻止)含义相近。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“According to the President's Council on Fitness, Sports and Nutrition (PCFSN), students who performed five hours of physical activity each week improved their academic (学业的)performance(据总统的健身、运动和营养委员会(PCFSN)称，每周进行5小时体育活动的学生学习成绩有所提高)”可知，做运动意味着帮助学生在学习上做得更好。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段的“But should high school students have physical education? The answer is certainly “yes”.(但是高中生应该接受体育教育吗？答案当然是“是”)”,第三段“Stress can be harmful to a student’s studies and life. Doing sports can help them deal with stress better, helping them live a happier life at school.(压力对学生的学习和生活是有害的。做运动可以帮助他们更好地应对压力，帮助他们在学校生活得更快乐)”以及文章最后一段“According to the President's Council on Fitness, Sports and Nutrition (PCFSN), students who performed five hours of physical activity each week improved their academic(学业的）performance(据总统的健身、运动和营养委员会(PCFSN)称，每周进行5小时体育活动的学生学习成绩有所提高)”可知，本文主要回答了高中生为什么要接受体育教育。故选D。
C
We were standing at the top of a church tower. My father had brought me to this spot in a small town not far from our home in Rome. I wondered why.
“Look down, Elsa,” father said. I gathered all my courage and looked down. I saw the square in the center of the village. And I saw the crisscross (十字形) of twisting, turning streets leading to the square. “See, my dear,” father said gently. “There is more than one way to the square. Life is like that. If you can’t get to the place where you want to go by one road, try another.”
Now I understood why I was there. Earlier that day I had begged my mother to do something about the awful lunches that were served at school. But she refused because she could not believe the lunches were as bad as I said.
When I turned to father for help, he didn’t say anything. Instead, he brought me to this high tower to give me a lesson. By the time we reached home, I had a plan.
At school the next day, I secretly poured my lunch soup into a bottle and brought it home. Then I asked our cook to serve it to mother at dinner. The plan worked perfectly. She swallowed one spoonful and sputtered (喷溅出). “The cook must have gone mad!” Quickly I told her what I had done, and mother stated firmly that she would take up the matter of lunches at school the next day!
In the years that followed, I often remembered the lesson father taught me. I began to work as a fashion designer two years ago. I wouldn’t stop working until I tried every possible means to my goal. Father’s wise words always remind me that there is more than one way to the square.
8. The author’s father took her to the top of a church tower to _________.
A. enjoy the beautiful scenery of the whole town
B. find out how many ways lead to the square
C. inspire her to find out another way to solve her problem
D. help her forget some unpleasant things earlier that day
9. What did the author want her mother to do earlier that day?
A. Do something delicious for lunch.
B. Taste her awful lunch.
C. Dismiss the mad cook.
D. Speak to the school about lunch.
10. What did the author’s mother think of her lunch soup after she tasted it?
A. It was delicious.
B. It wasn’t so bad as the author said.
C. It is terrible.
D. It was as good as her cook did.
11. By sharing her own experiences, the author tries to tell us _________.
A. when one road is blocked, try another
B. how bad the lunch of her school is
C. how wise her father is
D. about the church tower near her home
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者通过自己的亲身经历，告诉我们实现目标的路不止一条，当一条路走不通时，尝试另一条路。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“There is more than one way to the square. Life is like that. If you can’t get to the place where you want to go by one road, try another.”（去广场的路不止一条。生活就是这样。如果你不能通过一条路到达你想去的地方，那就试试另一条路。）和第四段内容“When I turned to father for help, he didn’t say anything. Instead, he brought me to this high tower to give me a lesson. By the time we reached home, I had a plan.”（当我向父亲求助时，他什么也没说。相反，他把我带到这座高塔上给我上了一课。当我们到家时，我已经有了一个计划。）可知，我恳求母亲对学校提供的糟糕的午餐提出抗议，但母亲拒绝了，在我感到难过时，父亲把我带到教堂塔顶上给我上了一课，告诉我如果一种方法不行，那就尝试另一种方法解决问题，由此可知，作者的父亲将她带到一座教堂塔顶是为了激励她找到另一种解决问题的方法。故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段关键句“Earlier that day I had begged my mother to do something about the awful lunches that were served at school.”（那天早些时候，我恳求我的母亲对学校提供的糟糕的午餐做些什么。）可知，因为学校提供的午餐很糟糕，所以那天早些时候，我恳求母亲和学校谈谈午餐的事，由此可知，作者那天早些时候希望她母亲和学校谈谈午餐的事。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段关键句“She swallowed one spoonful and sputtered (喷溅出). “The cook must have gone mad!””（她喝了一勺汤，然后喷溅出来。“厨师一定疯了！”）可知，母亲喝了一勺学校的汤，然后喷溅出来，认为厨师一定疯了，由此可知，作者的母亲尝过午餐汤后，觉得汤是很糟糕的，所以才会喷溅出来。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“In the years that followed, I often remembered the lesson father taught me. I began to work as a fashion designer two years ago. I wouldn’t stop working until I tried every possible means to my goal. Father’s wise words always remind me that there is more than one way to the square.”（在接下来的几年里，我经常想起父亲教给我的那一课。两年前，我开始从事服装设计师的工作。我不会停止工作，直到我尽一切可能达到我的目标。父亲睿智的话语总是提醒我，通往广场的路不止一条。）可知，作者通过自己的亲身经历，想要告诉我们实现目标的路不止一条，当一条路走不通时，尝试另一条路，由此可知，通过分享自己的经历，作者试图告诉我们当一条路被堵塞时，尝试另一条路。故选A项。
D
Humans really do have a sixth sense that lets us detect magnetic fields (磁场), but we’re not aware we have it. It has long been known as ESP, Spider Sense, or the ability to see things before they happen. But now scientists have proved that humans really do have a sixth sense-that lets them detect magnetic fields. Tests have shown that mankind may have the same inborn sense of Earth’s magnetic field that has long been proved to exist in animals.
By putting a protein from the human retina (视网膜) into fruit flies, researchers noticed that the insect adjusted its flight path just as if its eye had not been changed. This suggests that the “sixth sense” does exist in humans but we might not be aware of it. Animals use such sight to navigate long distances during migration or, in the case of birds, to “see” where they are going. The complex tests involved examining the process by which light goes through a bird’s eye, which has interested the scientific community for more than 30 years. In the late 1970s, the physicist Klaus Schulten concluded that birds fly by relying on geomagnetically (地磁) sensitive biochemical reactions in their eyes.
Tests have shown that the special cells in the eye carry out this function using the protein cryptochrome (蛋白隐色素). Professor Reppert’s team used wild fruit flies, replacing their version of cryptochrome with the human equivalent (等价物), and then put them in a maze (迷宫) with each wing wrapped in a metal coil (金属圈). They then sent electricity through it so that the coil was magnetised in a way which is just like Earth’s electromagnetic field (电磁场). The flies responded in exactly the same way as if they had their own cryptochrome, by either avoiding the magnetic fields or moving towards them if the researchers had placed sugar nearby.
The new study was published in the journal Nature Communications.
12. What do we know about humans’ sixth sense?
A. Humans have been aware of it since ancient times.
B. It is quite different from the animals’.
C. It is the ability to predict what will happen.
D. It is also a sense developed after birth.
13. Why did researchers put a protein from the human retina into fruit flies?
A. To change fruit flies’ flight path.
B. To test if humans have a sixth sense.
C. To examine the process of birds’ flying.
D. To allow researchers detect magnetic fields.
14. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. the maze B. each wing
C. cryptochrome D. the metal coil
15. After being replaced the cryptochrome, how are the wild fruit flies?
A. They responded normally as if there had been nothing changed.
B. They couldn’t avoid the magnetic fields like before.
C. They lost the sense of direction completely.
D. They couldn’t find the sugar the researchers had placed nearby.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。人类确实有第六感，可以探测磁场，但我们没有意识到自己有第六感。科学家们已经证明了人类确实有第六感——可以用来探测磁场。试验表明，人类对地球磁场的感知能力可能与动物一样，这一点早已被证明是存在于动物身上的。文章还详细介绍了这一试验的操作过程。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中It has long been known as ESP, Spider Sense, or the ability to see things before they happen.可知长久以来，它一直被称为超感知觉、蜘蛛感，或者是在事情发生之前看到它们的能力。由此可知，人类的第六感是预测将要发生的事情的能力。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中By putting a protein from the human retina into fruit flies, researchers noticed that the insect adjusted its flight path just as if its eye had not been changed. This suggests that the “sixth sense” does exist in humans but we might not be aware of it.可知通过将人类视网膜上的一种蛋白质注入果蝇体内，研究人员注意到果蝇调整了飞行路线，就好像它的眼睛没有被改变一样。这表明“第六感”确实存在于人类中，但我们可能没有意识到它。由此可推知，研究人员把人类视网膜中的一种蛋白质放入果蝇体内，是为了测试人类是否有第六感。故选B。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据上文Professor Reppert’s team used wild fruit flies, replacing their version of cryptochrome with the human equivalent, and then put them in a maze with each wing wrapped in a metal coil. They then sent electricity through可知Reppert的研究小组使用野生果蝇，用人类的蛋白隐色素替代它们的蛋白隐色素，然后将它们置于迷宫中，每只翅膀都包裹在一个金属线圈中。然后他们把它（金属线圈）通上电，这样线圈就被磁化了，就像地球的电磁场一样。由此可知，it指代的是“金属线圈”。故选D。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中The flies responded in exactly the same way as if they had their own cryptochrome, by either avoiding the magnetic fields or moving towards them if the researchers had placed sugar nearby.可知果蝇的反应与它们自身的蛋白隐色素完全相同，它们要么避开磁场，要么在研究人员把糖放在附近的情况下向磁场移动。由此可知，蛋白隐色素被取代后，野生果蝇的反应很正常，就好像什么都没有改变一样。故选A。
【点睛】代词指代题要求同学们根据语境的逻辑关系、判断画线的人称代词或指示代词在文章中指代的对象，包括考查it（指动物，无生命的事物、特定的事件或人），they/them(指代人、物、事件的复数名词)，he/she等人称代词的指代意义，以及指示代词this，that，these，those等在文章中的指代意义，考查同学们对文章中叙述特定的人，物，事件的认知能力。解答这类题时，同学们要认真阅读画线词所在句和前后临近句的内容，分析人称转换和动作变换的详细过程，理清来龙去脉和前后的因果关系，从而准确推断其指代的对象。
如第三小题，根据上文Professor Reppert’s team used wild fruit flies, replacing their version of cryptochrome with the human equivalent, and then put them in a maze with each wing wrapped in a metal coil. They then sent electricity through可知Reppert的研究小组使用野生果蝇，用人类的蛋白隐色素替代它们的蛋白隐色素，然后将它们置于迷宫中，每只翅膀都包裹在一个金属线圈中。然后他们把它（金属线圈）通上电，这样线圈就被磁化了，就像地球的电磁场一样。由此可知，it指代的是“金属线圈”。故选D。

第二节：(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Taking good notes is a time-saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways. ___16___ Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. Third, note-taking offers variety to your study time and helps you to hold your interest.
You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report. ___17___ Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process. That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in your notes.
___18___
●Read the text quickly to find the main facts and ideas in it.
●Carefully read the text and watch for words that can show main points and supporting facts.
●Write your notes in your own words.
● ___19___
●Note any question or idea you may have about what was said or written.
As you take notes, you may want to use your own shorthand. When you do, be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them all the time. ___20___
A. Use words, not complete sentences.
B. You must write your notes on separate paper.
C. There are three practical note-taking methods.
D. The following methods may work best for you.
E. Otherwise, you may not be able to read your notes later.
F. You will also want to develop your own method for taking notes.
G. First, the act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it.
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. D 19. A 20. E
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。记好笔记是一种节省时间的技巧，它将在几个方面对成为一个更好的学生产生帮助，文章主要介绍了一些记笔记的方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Taking good notes is a time-saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways.(记好笔记是一种节省时间的技巧，它将在几个方面帮助你成为一个更好的学生)”以及后文“Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. Third, note-taking offers variety to your study time and helps you to hold your interest.(其次，当你准备考试时，你的笔记是很好的参考材料。 第三，记笔记为你的学习时间提供了多样性，并帮助你保持你的兴趣)”可知，上文提到记好笔记的好处，后文则列举了三点帮助，可知本句为第一点记好笔记的帮助。故G选项“首先，写东西的行为使你更容易理解和记住它”符合语境，first呼应下文的second和third故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report.(在课堂讨论、阅读课本或为报告做研究时，你会想要做笔记)”以及后文“Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process. That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in your notes.(无论何时或以何种方式记笔记，记住记笔记是一个有选择的过程。 这意味着你必须首先决定笔记中哪些内容足够重要)”可知，后文提到以何种方式记笔记，可推测本句是在说明记笔记的方式，故F选项“你还需要开发自己的记笔记方法”符合语境，故选F。
【18题详解】
根据后文“●Read the text quickly to find the main facts and ideas in it. ●Carefully read the text and watch for words that can show main points and supporting facts. ●Write your notes in your own words.(快速阅读课文，找出主要事实和观点。仔细阅读文章，找出能够表达主要观点和支持事实的词汇。用自己的话写笔记)”可知，后文主要列举了一些记笔记的方法。故D选项“下列方法可能最适合你”符合语境，故选D。
【19题详解】
根据上文“●Read the text quickly to find the main facts and ideas in it. ●Carefully read the text and watch for words that can show main points and supporting facts. ●Write your notes in your own words.(快速阅读课文，找出主要事实和观点。仔细阅读文章，找出能够表达主要观点和支持事实的词汇。用自己的话写笔记)”可知，上文主要用肯定祈使句列举了一些建议，本句为第四点，故A选项“使用单词，而不是完整的句子”符合语境，故选A。
【20题详解】
根据上文“As you take notes, you may want to use your own shorthand. When you do, be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them all the time.(当你做笔记时，你可能想要使用你自己的速记法。当你这么做的时候，确保你理解了你的符号，并且你一直在使用它们)”可知，上文提到确保你理解了你的符号，并且你一直在使用它们，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明原因。故E选项“否则，你以后可能无法阅读你的笔记”符合语境，故选E。
第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节:完形填空(共15小题;每小题2分, 满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在机读卡上将该项涂黑。
Jenna, a popular girl from Westwood Middle School, had graduated first in her class and was ready for new___21___in high school. However, high school was different. In the first week, Jenna went to tryouts (选拔赛) for cheerleaders (拉拉队队员). She was competing against very talented girls, and she knew it would be___22___for her to be selected. Two hours later, the___23___read a list of the girls for a second tryout. Her heart___24___as the list ended without her name. Feeling___25___, she walked home carrying her schoolbag full of homework.
Arriving home, she started with math. She had always been a good math student, but now she was___26___. She moved on to English and history, and was___27___to find that she didn’t have any trouble with those subjects. Feeling better, she decided not to___28___math for the time being (暂时).
The next day, Jenna went to see Mrs. Biden about being on the school___29___. Mrs. Biden wasn’t as enthusiastic (热情的) as Jenna. “I’m sorry, but we have enough___30___for the newspaper already. Come back next year and we’ll talk then.” Jenna smiled___31___and left. “Why is high school so different?” She sighed.
Later in math class, Jenna devoted herself to figuring out the problems that had given her so much___32___. By the end of class, she understood how to get them right. As she gathered her books, Jenna decided she would continue to try to___33___at her new school. She wasn’t sure if she would succeed, but she knew she had to try. High school was just as her mother had said: “You will feel like a small fish in a big pond___34___a big fish in a small pond. The challenge is to become the___35___fish you can be.”
21. A. processes B. decisions C. challenges D. exercises
22. A. difficult B. easy C. boring D. interesting
23. A. editor B. boss C. candidate D. judge
24. A. jumped B. sank C. stopped D. raced
25. A. strange B. happy C. awful D. lonely
26. A. struggling B. improving C. working D. complaining
27 A. ashamed B. disappointed C. shocked D. relieved
28. A. put up B. prepare for C. worry about D. give up
29. A. committee B. newspaper C. radio D. team
30. A. speakers B. readers C. cheerleaders D. writers
31. A. widely B. weakly C. excitedly D. brightly
32. A. pleasure B. hope C. trouble D. sorrow
33. A. fit in B. look out C. stay up D. get around
34. A. in return for B. in case of C. in terms of D. instead of
35. A. slimmest B. smallest C. best D. gentlest
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了主人公Jenna在进入高中后所经历的变化及其努力适应的过程。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Jenna是韦斯特伍德中学的一个很受欢迎的女孩，她以全班第一名的成绩毕业，已经准备好迎接高中的新挑战。A. processes过程；B. decisions决定；C. challenges挑战；D. exercises运动。根据“had graduated first in her class”以及“in high school”可知，Jenna进入了新的高中，可以推断，此处应为迎接新的挑战。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。她的对手是很有天赋的女孩，她知道自己很难被选中。A. difficult困难的；B. easy容易的；C. boring无聊的；D. interesting有趣的。根据“She was competing against very talented girls (她和很有天赋的女孩竞争)”可知，此处为很难被选中。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：两个小时后，裁判宣读了第二轮选拔女孩名单。A. editor编辑；B. boss老板；C. candidate候选人；D. judge裁判员。根据常识可知，是由裁判宣布进入下一轮选拔的名单。故选D项。
24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：名单上没有她的名字，她的心一沉。A. jumped跳跃；B. sank沉陷；C. stopped停止；D. raced使急走。根据“as the list ended without her name(名单上没有她的名字)”可知，得知没有自己的名字，没有进入下一轮选拔，Jenna心情沉重。sb.’s heart sinks意为“心情沉重，情绪低落”，是固定搭配。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她心情很差，背着装满作业的书包回到宿舍。A. strange奇怪的；B. happy 高兴的；C. awful糟糕的；D. lonely孤独的。根据“without her name.”可知由于被淘汰了，Jenna感觉糟糕。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她数学一直很好，但现在她感到很吃力。A. struggling挣扎，吃力；B. improving提高；C. working工作；D. complaining 抱怨。根据“ a good math student”以及“but”的转折含义可推知，她曾经擅长数学，但现在感觉有些吃力。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她接着写英语和历史作业，很欣慰地发现她在这些科目上没有任何问题。A. ashamed惭愧的；B. disappointed沮丧的；C. shocked震惊的；D. relieved欣慰的。根据“she didn’t have any trouble with those subjects”可知，Jenna在英语和历史学科上没有遇到任何问题很欣慰，与下文的“Feeling better”呼应。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她感觉好些了，决定暂时不用担心数学了。A. put up举起；B. prepare for准备；C. worry about担心；D. give up放弃。根据前文，作者在部分科目上没有问题，且后文说明第二天去校报应聘，可知，Jenna暂时不担心数学了。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天，Jenna去找拜登太太，谈应聘校报的事。A. committee 委员会；B. newspaper报纸；C. radio收音机；D. team团队。根据下文的“newspaper”可推知，她找拜登太太是谈应聘校报的事。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：很抱歉，我们报社的撰稿人已经够多了。A. speakers发言者；B. readers读者；C. cheerleaders啦啦队；D. writers作家。Jenna遭到了拒绝以及“for the newspaper already. ”可以推断是去校报应聘，但是撰稿作家已经够了。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：Jenna淡淡地笑了笑，离开了。A. widely广泛地；B. weakly 淡淡地；C. excitedly兴奋地；D. brightly鲜明地。根据“Come back next year and we’ll talk then(明年再来，我们到时候再谈)”可知，Jenna被校报拒绝了，因此只是淡淡地笑着离开了。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来在数学课上，詹娜全身心地投入到解决那些给她带来很多麻烦的问题上。A. pleasure快乐；B. hope希望；C. trouble麻烦；D. sorrow悲伤。根据下文“By the end of class, she understood how to get them right.”可知，因为数学上有困难，所以对Jenna来说是麻烦。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当Jenna收拾书时，她决定继续努力适应新学校。A. fit in适应；B. look out照料；C. stay up熬夜；D. get around到处走走。她解决了数学难题，获得了信心，所以，当Jenna收拾课本的时候，决心继续努力的去适应新的学校生活。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：你会觉得自己像大池塘里的小鱼，而不是小池塘里的大鱼。A. in return for作为……的报答；B. in case of万一；C. in terms of依据；D. instead of而不是。根据“a small fish in a big pond(大池塘里的小鱼)”和“a big fish in a small pond(小池塘里的大鱼)”此处表示转折关系。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：挑战在于你要成为最好的鱼。A. slimmest最瘦的；B. smallest最小的；C. best最好的；D. gentlest最温和的。根据前文可以推断，无论是大池塘里的小鱼，还是小池塘里的大鱼，都要努力成为最好的鱼。故选C项。
第二节：语法填空题(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When the modern Olympic Games___36___(start) in 1896 in Athens, Greece, there was no such thing as the Winter Olympics. Players competed only in the Summer Games. However, there were the Nordic Games, a___37___(compete) of winter sports that took place every few years starting from 1901. But ___38___Nordic Games were only open to athletes___39___Denmark, Finland, Norway andSweden.
The winter sports were popular, so in 1924 an International Winter Sports Week___40___(hold) in Chamonix, France. About 250 athletes from 16 countries competed in nine sports and there were 11 female athletes,___41___competed in figure skating.
Still, the Winter Olympics were under way, adding more sports to the games,___42___(especial) more sports for women. Women got the chance___43___( take) part in skiing, ice hockey (冰球)___44___ other sports. Now the Games have such___45___(interest) events as snowboarding and bobsledding (雪橇车比赛).
【答案】36. started
37. competition
38. the 39. from
40. was held
41. who 42. especially
43. to take
44. and 45. interesting
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了冬奥会的由来及现状。
【36题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：现代奥运会于1896年在希腊雅典举行时，那时还没有冬奥会。根据时间状语in 1896可知，此处时态为一般过去时，因此需使用动词的过去时，故填started。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：然而，从1901年开始每隔几年举行一次的冬季运动比赛——北欧运动会。根据冠词a可知，此处需要使用单数可数名词competition，故填competition。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：但是北欧运动会只允许来自丹麦、芬兰、挪威和瑞典的运动员参加。特指北欧奥运会，用定冠词the。故填the。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：但是北欧运动会只允许来自丹麦、芬兰、挪威和瑞典的运动员参加。介词from意为“来自”，句中它的宾语是Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden。故填from。
【40题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：冬季运动很受欢迎，所以1924年在法国夏蒙尼举行了国际冬季运动周。根据句子结构分析可知，此处需要谓语动词，因为主语The winter sports与动词hold是被动关系，时间状语1924表明是一般过去时，因此需使用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was held。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：来自16个国家的约250名运动员参加了9个项目的比赛，其中有11名女性运动员参加了花样滑冰比赛。根据句子结构分析可知，此处使用关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为female athletes，从句中缺少主语，因此需要使用关系代词who。故填who。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：尽管如此，冬奥会仍在进行中，增加了更多的项目，尤其是更多的女子项目。根据句子结构及句意分析可知，此处需要使用副词作状语，需使用especially，故填especially。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：女性有机会参加滑雪、冰球和其他运动。根据句子结构分析可知，句子的谓语为got，因此此处take为非谓语作定语修饰先行词chance，因与句子主语women是主动关系，因此需使用不定式的主动式，故填to take。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：女性有机会参加滑雪、冰球和其他运动。根据句意可知，此处ice hockey与other sports是并列关系，需要使用连词and连接，故填and。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：现在奥运会有像滑雪板和雪橇车比赛这样有趣的项目。根据句意及events可知，此处需要使用形容词修饰名词events作定语。故填interesting。
第四部分写作(25分)
46. 假设你是新华中学的高三学生李华，看到很多同学因为学习而忽略了体育锻炼，请按照以下要点，以“Health and Sports”为题写一篇英语短文投稿给学校英语报社。
1.身体健康的重要性
2.运动对大家的好处
3.你的建议
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Health and Sports
Good health is of vital importance to everyone. A healthy person can always be energetic and enjoy his life. A person who is in poor health cannot work well.
When it comes to keeping healthy, playing sports enjoys widespread popularity among people. As high school students, we must study hard and take many important exams, which may make many students feel nervous. Therefore, it's necessary to take exercise regularly to help release stress. Physical exercise can help make muscles strong. What's more, while doing sports, we get relaxed, which can help us study more efficiently.
Since sports can make us physically and mentally healthy, we should do sports every day no matter how busy we are. Do remember that good health is the best wealth.
【解析】
【导语】本文属于开放性作文。很多同学因为学习而忽略了体育锻炼，要求考生以“Health and Sports”为题写一篇英语短文投稿给学校英语报社投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
非常重要：be of vital importance→be very important
此外：besides → what’s more
紧张的：tense →nervous
减轻：ease → release
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： A healthy person can always be energetic and enjoy his life.
拓展句： A person who stays healthy can always be energetic and enjoy his life.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As high school students, we must study hard and take many important exams, which may make many students feel nervous.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Since sports can make us physically and mentally healthy, we should do sports every day no matter how busy we are.（运用了since引导的原因状语从句以及no matter how引导的让步状语从句）