外研版（2019）高考英语一轮复习课时练习21 ：选择性必修1 Unit 3　Faster higher stronger （含解析）

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选择性必修第一册　Unit 3　Faster, higher, stronger

A组·基础巩固

Ⅰ. 语法填空

A

(2020·黑龙江双鸭山一中期末)More than half of former host cities for the Winter Olympics will be too hot 1. ________ (deal) with such games by the end of this century. That is the prediction of a recent study.

It's not just the Olympics that are at risk now. “The world of winter sports is changing as the global climate continues warming，” says Daniel Scott, 2. ________ climate­change researcher in Canada. He led a team of researchers, 3. ________ used math to predict how winter conditions will have changed by February 2050 and 2080. February is the month when the Olympic winter games are 4. ________ (typical) played.

Scott and his team forecast 5. ________ (temperature) and snow cover for the 19 cities that have already hosted Winter Olympics, and two 6. ________ (addition) cities — Pyongchang, South Korea, and Beijing, China.

Scott's team 7. ________ (start) with looking at historic winter conditions, and then used computer models to predict conditions in the future. 8. ________ (they) models predicted that by 2050, the average February temperatures of the past Winter Olympics host cities will rise by 1.9 9. ________ 2.1 degrees Celsius. These temperatures can affect the quality of snow, thus 10. ________ (increase) the chance of accidents.

【语篇解读】冬季奥运会通常在二月举行，但是随着全球气候持续变暖，在不久的将来，冬奥会可能很难再找到一个适宜的城市来举办了。

1. to deal　考查固定用法。too... to...为固定用法，意为“太……而不能……”，故填to deal。

2. a　考查冠词。设空处后的可数名词researcher是单数形式，根据语境可知，此处表示泛指，故填a。

3. who　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词为a team of researchers，指人，故填who。

4. typically　考查词性转换。设空处修饰句子的谓语are played，应用副词，故填typically。

5. temperatures　考查名词的单复数。temperature表具体温度时，为可数名词，此处指19个城市的气温，为复数含义，故填temperatures。

6. additional　考查词性转换。设空处修饰名词cities，应用形容词，故填additional。

7. started　考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，此处与后半句中的used为并列谓语，根据used的时态可知，此处要用一般过去时，故填started。

8. Their　考查代词。设空处修饰后面的名词models，应用形容词性物主代词，故填Their。

9. to　考查固定搭配。此处表示范围从1.9至2.1，应用介词to，故填to。

10. increasing　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作结果状语，应用非谓语形式，表示自然而然的结果，故填increasing。

B

Adam Braun established the organisation Pencils of Promise in 2008. Its goal is 1. ________ (make) sure all children have a chance for education.

It all started when he was a college student. Adam Braun was visiting India when 2. ________ girl stopped him on the street and asked for money. He asked her what she desired 3. ________ (much) of all in the world. Astonishingly, her answer was “a pencil”. The girl had never been to school before, and that was the 4. ________ (real) for 57 million children around the world.

After graduation, Adam Braun never forgot the girl and the problem of 5. ________ (her). “We live in a world in which every single child can have access 6. ________ quality education. So I was determined to create schools in other places 7. ________ children are hungry for education.” Adam Braun began to raise money for his project through social media.

“We are working hard to make sure that the programme is not just beautiful photos and videos of children, but that we're 8. ________ (actual) seeing amazing results in the classroom. That's why our 9. ________ (kid) in Pencils of Promise schools progress fast from one grade to the next，” Braun said.

Since then, it 10. ________ (help) more than 22，000 children in Africa, Asia and Latin America.

【语篇解读】本文介绍了Adam Braun建立的一个旨在帮助所有孩子接受教育的组织。

1. to make　考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式作表语。

2. a　考查冠词。girl为可数名词单数形式，且此处是第一次提到，故应用不定冠词a。

3. most　考查副词的最高级。句意：他问她在这个世界上她最想要什么。根据句意及空后的“of all in the world”可知，此处表示“最想要”，故应用副词的最高级形式。

4. reality　考查名词。定冠词“the”后应跟名词，故填reality“事实，现实”。

5. hers　考查代词。介词of后应跟名词性物主代词，表示“她的”，故此处应用hers。

6. to　考查固定搭配。have access to sth.为固定搭配，表示“有机会使用……”，故填to。

7. where　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词other places，且在从句中作地点状语，故应用where。

8. actually　考查副词。修饰动词应用副词actually。

9. kids　考查名词的单复数。根据语境及谓语动词progress可知，此处应用kid的复数形式。

10. has helped　考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“Since then”可知，此处应用现在完成时。

Ⅱ. 根据提示补全句子

1. 通过努力和坚持不懈你就会取得成功，著名体育明星Stephen Curry就是活生生的证据。(proof；同位语从句)

The famous sports star Stephen Curry is living proof that you can succeed with hard work and perseverance.

2. 约翰昨天在集市上买的是一辆旧自行车。(强调句)

It was an old bike that John bought yesterday in the marketplace.

3. 他一回到家就告诉他真相是没有好处的。(it)

It was no good telling him the truth as soon as he came back home.

4. 受到邻居们的表扬，他成了父母的骄傲。(过去分词作状语)

Praised by the neighbours, he became the pride of his parents.

5. 我们英语老师手里拿着一本书走进了教室。(with复合结构)

Our English teacher stepped into the classroom, with a book in his/her hand．

B组·能力提升

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

A 10­year­old swimmer with sky­high dreams and a name to match them has broken a record previously held by Olympian Michael Phelps.

Clark Kent Apuada, whose friends call him “Superman”， swam the 100­metre butterfly in 1：09.38 at the Far Western Long Course Championships in his home state of California this Sunday. That's a second faster than the record Phelps set at the same event in 1995 with a time of 1：10.48 in the same category of boys under 10.

Clark, a rising fifth­grader who is Filipino­American, told Huffpost he's been dreaming about breaking Phelps' record ever since he started swimming competitively at age 7. “I was so motivated，” Clark said about his win. “I was so happy that I was able to beat that record.”

Phelps competed in his first Olympics at age 15. He went on to become the most decorated Olympian in history, with 28 medals overall. “Everyone in the crowd was excited when they realised what a special swim they had just seen when we announced the long­standing record had been broken，” Cindy Rowland, Pacific Swimming's director, wrote in an email.

Clark won first place for all the swimming events he competed in at this year's Far Western Championships. Pacific Swimming or PacSwim, a regional association that is part of USA Swimming, organises the Far Western Long Course Championships. Cynthia Apuada, Clark's mother, said that her child seems to be “living by his name at this point”．

Asked about the champion swimmer's unusual name, she said she'd always loved the name Clark. And her husband's favourite superhero just happened to be Superman. So when their child was born, they decided to give him the name “Clark Kent”. The nickname “Superman” appeared naturally.

1. What can be learned about Clark Kent Apuada?

A. He is in grade four now.

B. He is a native American.

C. He dreams big and is promising.

D. He broke Phelps' record at age 7.

2. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “decorated” in Paragraph 4?

A. Being popular.

B. Being respected.

C. Being awarded medals.

D. Being talked about most.

3. How did Clark get the name “Clark Kent”？

A. Clark Kent is his family name.

B. He lived by his name at that point.

C. His father knew he would be excellent.

D. His father named him after his superhero.

4. What is the best title of the text?

A. A 10­Year­Old Beats Michael Phelps' Old Swimming Record

B. A 10­Year­Old Swimmer with Sky­high Dreams

C. Phelps and His Amazing Swimming Record

D. Clark Kent — the Greatest Athlete of All Time

【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了天才少年Clark Kent Apuada在游泳比赛中打破了Phelps的同期纪录。

1. C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“he's been dreaming about breaking Phelps' record ever since he started swimming competitively at age 7”可知，Clark梦想远大，且根据他打破Phelps同期纪录可知，他是很有前途的，故选C。

2. C　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“with 28 medals overall”可知，画线词应该和奖牌有关，故选C。

3. D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“she said she'd always loved the name Clark. And her husband's favourite superhero just happened to be Superman. So when their child was born, they decided to give him the name ‘Clark Kent’．”可知，Clark的父亲最喜欢的超级英雄是Superman，就给Clark以他最喜欢的英雄的名字命名，故选D。

4. A　标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了天才少年Clark Kent Apuada在游泳比赛中打破了Phelps的同期纪录，故A项适合作本文的标题。

Ⅱ. 完形填空

It was a marathon day. I got up early but when I opened the hotel curtains, I found dark rainy streets. I had been training in nearly 100­degree weather in St Louis, and I didn't   1   a rainy 55­degree day. However, it didn't lose.

My group   2   with ponchos (雨披) on. I took off the poncho around Mile 9 as the rain seemed less   3  ．

I was still full of energy at Mile 13, and supporters were still   4   us on. Not too long after Mile 20, I was feeling some   5   in my legs. I never stopped though. I just put my head up and continued going. As Mile 22 passed, I   6   and I began to cry, but kept on moving. The view alongside was   7   and it kept my mind busy.

At the end of Mile 25, I was exhausted. As I saw that finishing line in the wind, I put all my   8   into running for it. The announcer said my name and made some careless Irish remarks that I can't remember, and I   9   the line in total tiredness. Some staff (工作人员)   10   me my marathon medal, bottled water, and helped me keep warm.

Travelling for my first marathon will be   11   remembered. I could not have done this without the   12   of my family, friends, Coach Rich, my teammates and my sister, who gave me the strength to finish. As Norman D. Vaughan said, “Dream big and be   13   to fail.”

What will be the most impressive   14   for me? The struggle from Mile 20 to the end. No matter how much you read about how to prepare for the final few miles, it's a true   15   of your mental endurance (耐力)．

1. A. waste B. arrange C. enjoy D. expect

2. A. escaped B. started C. approved D. waited

3. A. heavy B. mild C. slight D. bright

4. A. touching B. cheering C. crying D. trying

5. A. attempt B. warmth C. pain D. sorrow

6. A. took off B. settled in C. broke down D. dressed up

7. A. confusing B. usual C. simple D. inspiring

8. A. strength B. pressure C. relaxation D. technique

9. A. crossed B. drew C. swallowed D. burned

10. A. showed B. bought C. handed D. lent

11. A. mistakenly B. strangely C. luckily D. truly

12. A. education B. support C. admiration D. treatment

13. A. brave B. guilty C. firm D. anxious

14. A. wish B. judgment C. memory D. pattern

15. A. cause B. question C. favour D. test

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者第一次参加马拉松比赛的经历。

1. D　根据上句(我起得很早，但当我拉开旅馆的窗帘时，却发现昏暗的街道上下着雨。)可知，作者是在圣路易斯近100华氏度的天气下进行的训练，没想到(expect)比赛那天是个阴雨绵绵的55华氏度的天气。

2. B　根据下文(我在约9英里处脱下了雨披)可知，作者那一组人在比赛开始(started)时都穿着雨披。

3. A　由于雨似乎变小了，因此作者在约9英里处脱下了雨披。根据设空处前的“less”可知本题答案为A项。

4. B　cheer... on意为“为……加油”。

5. C　跑完20英里后不久，作者感到腿有点痛(pain)。

6. C　根据下文(我开始哭泣)可知，跑过22英里后，作者崩溃(broke down)了，但还是接着跑。

7. D　根据下文“and it kept my mind busy”可知，沿途的景色很鼓舞人心(inspiring)。

8. A　在25英里的最后，作者已经筋疲力尽。当作者看到在风中拉起的终点线时，作者用尽所有力气(strength)冲向那里。

9. A　作者越过(crossed)终点线时已经精疲力竭。

10. C　一些工作人员递给(handed)作者马拉松奖牌和瓶装水，并帮作者保暖。

11. D　作者的第一次马拉松之旅将会被真正地(truly)铭记。

12. B　没有作者的家人、朋友、Rich教练、作者的队友和作者妹妹的支持(support)，作者不可能做到这一点。

13. A　敢于梦想，敢于(brave)失败。

14. C　句意：给我印象最深的记忆(memory)是什么？根据下文可知本题答案为C项。

15. D　对于如何为马拉松比赛的最后几英里做准备，不管你读多少书，这段赛程都会成为对你耐力的真正考验(test)。

Ⅲ. 读后续写

(2020·山东济宁一中等校联合质量检测)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Shoes can tell you a lot about a person. Winston was a firm believer in this, being someone who looked at many shoes himself. Although he had grown up hearing that “eyes were the windows to the soul”， he couldn't find anything they could expose. He just felt awkward when he had been caught staring into someone else's eyes for too long. On the other hand, staring at someone's shoes rarely made him awkward. Few people noticed a small man in the corner watching their feet, and Winston liked it that way.

Winston was able to judge a person by his shoes. He could divide most people into basic categories simply by the brand, colour, and condition of whatever was on their feet. At this point, the world couldn't surprise him any more — he believed that he had seen it all.

Winston was seated in his regular spot, a bench in the back corner of the Alewife station, watching people pass by. No one was found wearing worn shoes. He sighed, a bit bored with the predictability of the station.

That's when he noticed something different. Two bare feet walked past him, making an unfamiliar sound as they were in contact with the floor. That was strange. Winston looked closer with interest. In all his years sitting at the station, he had seen many strange feet, but no bare ones. He wondered what kind of a man couldn't afford to buy himself shoes — a dangerous man, perhaps, a man who was of questionable intelligence — certainly not the kind of generous and lovely man. Winston wanted to be away from him.

He moved a little on the bench and curled up, turning his eyes downward and his shoulders in towards his body to avoid any possible social interactions. The stranger, however, took the space made free by Winston.

“Sorry, it has been a rough day，” the shoeless person said apologetically, placing a plastic bag down on the bench. Without the man noticing, Winston glanced at the bag and noticed inside it was a birthday cake.

“A really rough day，” he seemed to be speaking to no one in particular. “Are you curious why I am not wearing shoes？”

注意：续写词数应为150左右。

Winston didn't respond but the man continued. _________________________

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While staring at the man, a sense of shame washed over Winston. ___________________________________________________________________

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【参考范文】

Winston didn't respond but the man continued. He gestured to the plastic bag and said, “It's my little girl's birthday. She said all she wanted this year was a birthday cake. So I just had to buy it for her. But I had to sell my shoes for it. Of course, it was worth it.” Hearing this, Winston did something he rarely did; he looked up and met the stranger's eyes. They were sad, sweet and beautiful eyes. Winston stared into the man's eyes for a long time.

While staring at the man, a sense of shame washed over Winston. He was ashamed that he had judged the man, ashamed that he had assumed the stranger was a bad person simply for his two bare feet when in fact this man beside him was a more generous person than Winston had ever seen. Slowly, Winston reached down and took off his dirty shoes, one at a time. Then he picked them up and handed them to the stranger beside him.