外研版（2019）高考英语一轮复习课时练习9 ：必修2 Unit 3　On the move （含解析）

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必修第二册　Unit 3　On the move

A组·基础巩固

Ⅰ. 语法填空

A

Every Wednesday at 7 pm, a group of running enthusiasts from different countries gather at a bar in Shanghai before setting 1. ________ on their 5­kilometre run. But this is no ordinary run. These people 2. ________ (arm) with trash (垃圾) bags. The members of this goup don't simply run for the sake of good health. They do it for the sake of the Earth 3. ________ well.

Called “plogging”， this new fitness activity originated in Sweden in 2016 and was introduced to Shanghai in 2018. The term is a combination of the words “jogging” and “plocka upp”， 4. ________ means “pick up” in Swedish.

By the summer of 2018, just a few months after Trash Running China was founded, 5. ________ (it) WeChat group had grown to include more than 400 runners. To make the activity more fun for both 6. ________ (newcomer) and regular ploggers, Trash Running China also 7. ________ (frequent) organises longer weekend runs in the suburban areas. “We want more people to hold small ‘plogging’ groups and take a 8. ________ (responsible) to organise trash running activities in their own neighbourhoods，” says Eisenring, who founded Trash Running China. “‘Plogging’ is a way 9. ________ (know) the people and the city a bit more，” says Robbin Trebbe, one of the 10. ________ (late) runners to join the group.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新兴的运动——跑步捡垃圾，参与者是一些跑步爱好者，他们一边跑步健身，一边捡拾垃圾，为环保积极奉献自己的力量。

1. off/out　考查固定搭配。set off/out为固定搭配，意为“出发；开始”。故填off/out。

2. are armed　考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。根据上下文语境可知，此处叙述一般情况，应用一般现在时，且设空处为本句的谓语，与主语These people之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。故填are armed。

3. as　考查固定搭配。句意：他们这样做也是为了地球。as well为固定搭配，意为“也”。故填as。

4. which　考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为“plocka upp”，关系词在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which。

5. its　考查代词。句意：……它的微信群已经发展成一个包括400多名跑步者的团队。根据句意可知，此处应使用形容词性物主代词。故填its。

6. newcomers　考查名词的单复数。根据and后的regular ploggers可知，此处应使用复数名词。故填newcomers。

7. frequently　考查副词。此处修饰动词organises，应用副词。

8. responsibility　考查词性转换。根据空前的a可知，此处应使用可数名词单数形式。

9. to know　考查非谓语动词。way意为“方式”，其后常接动词不定式作定语。

10. latest　考查词性转换。由句意可知设空处表示“最新的”。故填latest。

B

A recent study shows that most adults did household chores 1. ________ (active) when they were young. Most kids today do not do as many household chores as before, 2. ________ same study shows.

An expert said, “Parents today want their kids to spend more time 3. ________ things that can bring them money and honour. They have stopped 4. ________ (do) the one thing that has proven to bring success. That is doing household chores.”

Another study finds that compared with the kids 5. ________ didn't do household chores, young adults beginning chores at ages 3 and 4 were more likely 6. ________ (succeed). They had better family relationships, did better in school, performed better at work and were more independent.

Personal happiness 7. ________ (say) to come from strong relationships. It begins by learning to be kind and 8. ________ (help) to their parents at home.

If your kids say they have to skip chores because it's time they 9. ________ (deal) with their homework, you'd better not let them off the hook. If you do, your child may think grades are more important than caring about others. “What may seem like small 10. ________ (message) at the moment add up to big ones over time，” says an expert.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，从小做家务的孩子长大之后会在家庭、学校和社会上表现更好，而且更独立。所以父母要培养孩子们从小做家务的习惯。

1. actively　考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰谓语动词，修饰动词要用副词，所以要用active的副词形式actively。

2. the　考查冠词。此处的“study”就是上文提到的“study”，是特指，故用定冠词the 表示特指。

3. on　考查固定搭配。spend sth. on sth.为固定搭配，意为“把……花在……上“，故此处填介词on。

4. doing　考查固定搭配。根据语境可知，这里说的是“停止做某事”，而不是“停下来去做某事”，用stop doing sth.表示，故填doing。

5. who/that　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中引导定语从句，先行词为kids，关系代词在从句中作主语，因此本空填who/that。

6. to succeed　考查固定句型。be likely to do sth.为固定句型，意为“……有可能做某事”。故填to succeed。

7. is said　考查固定句型。本句含有“be said＋动词不定式”结构，且这里说的是现在的一般情况，主语为Personal happiness，为单数形式，因此填is said。

8. helpful　考查形容词作表语。本空应填形容词与kind并列作表语，故填helpful。

9. dealt/should deal　考查固定句型。It's time (that)．.. 为固定句型，that从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用一般过去式或“should＋do”，其中should不可以省略，故填dealt/should deal。

10. messages　考查名词的单复数。message是可数名词，其前没有冠词，要用其复数形式，故本空填messages。

Ⅱ. 根据提示补全句子

1. 考虑到他有六个月的时间来做这件事，他并没有付出多少努力。(given that)

Given that he's had six months to do this, he hasn't made much effort.

2. 他总是第一个吃苦，最后一个享福。(to do 作定语)

He is always the first to bear hardships, the last to enjoy comforts．

3. 那对年轻夫妇把我丢失的钱包还给了我，我还没来得及问他们的名字他们就走了。(before)

The young couple, who returned my lost wallet, left before I could ask for their names．

4. 他没计划好时间，结果没及时完成工作。(so that)

He didn't plan his time well, so that he didn't finish the work in time．

B组·能力提升

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

Can exercise during childhood protect you against memory loss many decades later？Exercise early in life seems to have lifelong benefits for the brain, in rats at least.

“This is an animal study, but it shows that physical activity at a young age is very important — not just for physical development, but for the whole lifelong track of cognitive (认知的) development during aging，” says Martin Wojtowicz of the University of Toronto, Canada. “In humans, it may delay the appearance of Alzheimer's disease (阿尔茨海默病), possibly to the point of preventing it.”

Wojtowicz's team divided 80 young male rats into two equal groups, and placed running wheels in the cages of one group for a period of six weeks. Around four months later — when the rats had reached middle age — the team taught all the rats to connect an electric shock with being in a specific box. When placed in the box, they froze with fear.

Two weeks later, the team tested the rats in three situations: exactly the same box in the same room, the same box with the room arranged differently, and a completely different box in a different room.

The rats without access to a running wheel when they were young now froze the same percentage of times in each of these situations, suggesting they couldn't remember which one was dangerous. But those that had been able to run in their youth froze 40 to 50 percent less in both changed box settings.

“The results suggest the amount of physical activity when we're young, at least for rats, has influence on the brain and cognitive health — in the form of better memories — when we're older，” says Arthur Kramer of Northeastern University in Boston, who has found that，in humans，exercise promotes the growth of new brain cells.

1. What does the study show?

A. Physical activity is important for physical health.

B. Using the running wheels is of benefit to the rats' growth.

C. Physical activity can prevent humans' Alzheimer's disease.

D. The more exercise a rat has when young, the better memory it will possess when older.

2. How are Paragraphs 3 and 4 mainly developed?

A. By analysing causes.

B. By giving an example.

C. By describing the process.

D. By showing differences.

3. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A. Exercise.  B. Development.  C. Benefit.  D. Study.

4. What is the author's attitude towards the animal study?

A. Negative.  B. Objective.  C. Critical.  D. Doubtful.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项科学研究，从而得出早期锻炼对大脑终生有好处的结论。

1. D　细节理解题。根据第一段内容，尤其是第二句“Exercise early in life seems to have lifelong benefits for the brain, in rats at least.”可知，早期锻炼似乎对大脑终生有好处。故选D。

2. C　写作手法题。根据第三段中的“Wojtowicz's team divided 80 young male rats into two equal groups... Around four months later... they froze with fear.”和第四段中的“Two weeks later，the team tested the rats in three situations”可知，第三、四段描述了Wojtowicz的研究小组对老鼠进行实验的过程。故选C。

3. A　代词指代题。根据第二段中的“but it shows that physical activity at a young age is very important”及“In humans, it may delay the appearance of Alzheimer's disease (阿尔茨海默病)”可知，身体活动很重要，对人类来说，它可能会推迟阿尔茨海默病的出现。因此“it”在文中指的是“physical activity”，A项与其同义。故选A。

4. B　观点态度题。通读全文可知，作者介绍了对老鼠进行实验的过程及其结果，并引用数据进行说明，由此可知作者对动物研究的态度是很客观的。故选B。

Ⅱ. 完形填空

(2020·福建泉州3月适应性线上测试·改编)

Five years ago, I took a career risk by leaving my job to work on a ship. My medical friends did their best to persuade me, saying that running away to sea would   1   my career. But after these years working as a junior doctor, I was willing to take the risk.

  2   for adventure, I boarded a ship in Singapore with 2，000 passengers and crew. To my   3  ， the hospital was well equipped, with an X­ray machine and a blood analyser. That first voyage was a learning experience, a tight schedule full of safety drills. There was so much new information to   4  . Even remembering which uniform to wear each day was a   5  . Most confusing, I often forgot to set my clock when the ship crossed time zones.

As a doctor, I was   6   for the 600 crew, and I was on call for the entire ship. Far from treating seasickness and sunburn, I had to deal with other   7   for my patients were wide and varied. The ship's medical centre was   8   a floating emergency room, and we didn't have a team of specialists on hand for a second   9  . With long and unpredictable hours, it required mental toughness.

As you can guess, many of the passengers were elderly. Heart attacks don't   10   geography and emergency evacuations (疏散) were difficult to   11  . I recall one such patient, who was taken off the ship halfway through the Panama Canal. After a   12   ride in an old ambulance, I was relieved that the patient survived long enough to arrive at the hospital in Panama City.

Thankfully, there were several unexpected   13   of the job. I regularly enjoyed the passenger facilities and I even hosted my own table of passengers in the evening. On rare days off, I   14   as a tour guide on trips ashore. I got to fly over Alaska in a seaplane and watched a ballet in St Petersburg.

Now, I understand being a ship doctor is not a job — it's a way of   15  . One year at sea became two. I lost my career ambitions, but I redefined happiness in my life.

1. A. launch B. restrict C. ruin D. pursue

2. A. Desperate B. Optimistic C. Suitable D. Concerned

3. A. shock B. relief C. excitement D. disappointment

4. A. search for B. figure out C. pick over D. take in

5. A. challenge B. disaster C. bonus D. glory

6. A. responsible B. powerful C. regretful D. guilty

7. A. passengers B. specialists C. diseases D. risks

8. A. fortunately B. actually C. ultimately D. precisely

9. A. examination B. consideration C. discussion D. opinion

10. A. refer to B. rely on C. trouble with D. care about

11. A. arrange B. monitor C. encounter D. investigate

12. A. relaxing B. terrifying C. promising D. boring

13. A. missions B. benefits C. requirements D. priorities

14. A. performed B. travelled C. volunteered D. returned

15. A. confidence B. success C. experience D. life

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己去轮船上当医生的经历，并由此认为当一名船舶医生不是一份工作，而是一种生活方式。

1. C　根据上文“persuade me, saying that running away to sea”可知，如果去轮船上工作会“毁了”自己的事业。

2. A　根据上文“I was willing to take the risk”和下文“for adventure”可知，此处指“渴望”冒险。故选A。

3. B　根据下文“the hospital was well equipped, with an X­ray machine and a blood analyser”可知，作者感到“欣慰”。

4. D　根据下文“Even remembering which uniform to wear each day”可知，有许多新消息要“理解”。

5. A　根据下文“Most confusing, I often forgot to set my clock when the ship crossed time zones.”可知，对作者来说一切都是“挑战”。

6. A　句意：作为一名医生，我负责这600名船员，并随叫随到负责整艘船。be responsible for“对……负责”。

7. C　根据下文“my patients were wide and varied”可知，此处指要治疗其他疾病。

8. B　根据下文“a floating emergency room”可知，船上的医疗中心实际上是一个漂浮的急救室。

9. D　我们手头没有专家小组来提供第二种意见。

10. D　句意：心脏病发作与地理无关，紧急疏散也很难安排。故选D。

11. A　根据下文“I recall one such patient, who was taken off the ship halfway through the Panama Canal”并结合语境可知，紧急疏散很难“安排”。

12. B　根据下文“I was relieved that the patient survived long enough to arrive at the hospital in Panama City”可知，在旧救护车上是“令人害怕的”。

13. B　根据下文“I regularly enjoyed the passenger facilities and I even hosted my own table of passengers in the evening.”可知，此处指这份工作的“好处”。

14. C　根据下文“as a tour guide on trips ashore”可知，作者“自愿”当导游。

15. D　根据下文“I lost my career ambitions, but I redefined happiness in my life.”可知，此处指一种“生活”方式。

Ⅲ. 读后续写

(2020·山东九校期末检测)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

It was the hottest time of the year in southern California. Steve, a star basketball player at the University of California, with his cousin Zach, had planned a camping trip in the forest for their summer vacation.

The boys gathered clothes and supplies, and began their great adventure with their dog Brady early in the morning. Upon arrival, Steve pulled over to the side of the road along the bank of the river. “A wonderful place for fishing，” Steve exclaimed in delight. Zach nodded in agreement.

At high noon, the sun was scorching hot. With a good harvest of fish, the boys marched into the forest with Brady following them. After a long walk, they found a clearing that was ideal for a campground. The camp was set up immediately as Steve knew all the tricks of an experienced wilderness camper.

An afternoon nap was absolutely a special treat in midsummer. However, the boys were woken up by the fierce barks of Brady. Outside, heavy smoke filled the air and wind­blown flame was skipping from the top of one tree to another. The long dry summer turned the forest into a tinderbox. In a little while, Steve and Zach were inside their tent packing their belongings.

“Let's go! we can make it back to the river！” They headed down against the fire­wind in the direction of the river. But Brady barked a sharp warning. Ahead of them lay a thick curtain of smoke across the track. They would never make it through that. Steve was uneasy for it was hard to find a safe way to escape in the heavy smoke.

Brady lifted his head and snuffed (嗅) the smoke­laden wind. The next moment, the dog bounded away and disappeared down a sharp slope (坡). The boys shouted at him, but he didn't come back. Steve couldn't blame Brady for fleeing in panic. He himself wanted to run even though he didn't have a clue as to which way.

注意：续写词数应为150左右。

Steve and Zach hadn't gone far when there was a familiar bark. ___________

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Brady pulled again, in spite of the boy's disbelief, urgently. _______________

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【参考范文】

Steve and Zach hadn't gone far when there was a familiar bark. Brady came bounding, stopped directly in front of Steve and hit him with his head, pushing him back towards the slope. But Steve didn't get it. Then Brady grabbed the boy's jeans and started pulling. The message was clear, but Steve hesitated. Of course he remembered Brady saving his uncle's life when the dog was much younger. Was he still sharp enough to get them through this?

Brady pulled again, in spite of the boy's disbelief, urgently. “OK, big boy，” seeing the fire was touching underbrush nearby, Steve made up his mind. Brady led them back down the slope and into the trees. Several times the big dog stopped. Often he changed directions to find the right way. The boys were so tired but the dog forced both boys to go on. Steve was almost numb when he heard it — the wonderful sound of rushing water! They made it back to the river.