高考英语全程考评 特训卷 课下天天练二十三 含解析

这是一份高考英语全程考评 特训卷 课下天天练二十三 含解析，共12页。
课下天天练(二十三)　阅读语言运用组合练姓名________　班级________　考号________　时间：40分钟Ⅰ.阅读理解A[2022·太原市高三期末]I was invited to give a speech at a conference on education. I happened to sit next to Clay Parker, the CEO of a technology company that makes micro electronics devices.For the last few years, I'd been reading about the rapidly changing world of work and was increasingly concerned that students are not prepared for today's workplace. Buried in book knowledge, university students talk like a book and always pass exams with flying colours.  However,  when facing HR staff instead of their teachers, what they have learned seems useless. So I asked Parker what qualities he most wanted in a potential new employee. I expected a list of technical skills—especially since Parker is an engineer himself—but I was way off__the__mark.“First, I look for someone who asks good questions，”Parker responded.  “Our business is changing, and so are the skills of our engineers. We can teach them the technical stuff. But for employees willing to solve problems or to learn new things, they have to know what questions to ask. And we can't teach them how to ask good questions—how to think.  The ability to ask the right questions reflects good thinking ability, the most important quality.”Indeed, the ability to ask good questions has been a repeated theme in almost all of my conversations about core competences and skills for success in today's workplace. It turns out that asking good questions goes hand in hand with the problem solving ability in the minds of most employers.The students have always been brought up to live up to a certain standard and so much emphasis has been put on fixed rules and giving the expected answer of their teachers instead of raising a question. We teachers are always blaming the students for giving wrong answers. Perhaps we  should ask ourselves whether we are always asking the right questions.1．Why did the author ask Parker the question?A.To bring the CEO's attention to education.B.To collect information about his company.C.To ask for his opinion about the conference.D.To know his requirements for new employees.2．What does the underlined words “off the mark” in Paragraph 2 mean?A．Mistaken.    B．Not qualified.C.Confused.    D．Not professional.3．What does Parker value his employees for?A．Teamwork.B.Thinking ability.C．Technical skills.D.Professional knowledge.4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.How to Hunt for a JobB.Asking Questions MattersC.An Encounter with a CEOD.Problem­solving Makes a DifferenceB[2022·广州市普通高中综合测试]What makes people so special? Tool use, self­consciousness, language, and culture are high on the list, but in fact all of these characteristics can be found elsewhere in the animal kingdom. Humans and apes are close relatives, so it is perhaps not surprising that chimpanzees use tools or that gorillas (大猩猩) have a sense of fair play, even rejecting carrots (which they normally accept) when they see their neighbors getting grapes. But the qualities that we often think of as the human's exist not just on land, but in the ocean as well.Among the invertebrates, octopuses (章鱼) are known for their intelligence, even exhibiting evidence of playfulness, tool use, and personality.  But these skilled predators live alone and consequently lack culture. Dolphins, on the other hand, are large­brained, long­living, social­group­based predators, and it is here that we find the greatest similarity to human­like culture and awareness.Culture depends on the ability of animals to pass on things they have learned to others. Many animals have culture in this sense, but what sets dolphins apart is what they pass on. Some bottlenose dolphins hold sponges in their mouths that they use as tools to sweep fish hiding on the ocean floor. This ability is handed down through generations (especially in females), with some families—grandmother, mother, and daughter—all feeding in this highly specialized way. Another characteristic that dolphins share with humans is their ability to recognize themselves in a mirror. When facing a mirror, most animals behave as though they are interacting with another individual. Even in humans, the ability to recognize that the image in a mirror is oneself does not occur before the age of 18 months. Dolphins not only recognize themselves, but if a black mark is put on the body of a dolphin, it will spend extra time at the mirror to look at the mark.5．The example of gorillas rejecting carrots shows they ________．A.are not easy to foolB.prefer fruit to vegetablesC.have a special taste for foodD.have an awareness of equality6．What do octopuses lack compared with dolphins?A.Social interaction.B.Intelligence.C.Tool­using ability.D.Fun­loving spirits.7．What makes dolphin culture special?A.They tend to hunt in groups.B.Their hunting skills are passed down.C.Their learning environment is favourable.D.Their families are typically female­controlled.8．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A.Dolphins enjoy looking at their own reflection in the mirror.B．Dolphins are as intelligent as a typical 18­month­old human baby.C．Dolphins are as generally regarded as the most advanced non­human species. D．Dolphins' ability to recognize their own reflection is a higher­order mental skill.Ⅱ.七选五[2022·苏北新高考适应性考试]Many hear endlessly how good exercise is for our health, but you might be surprised to know just how good. __1__It helps you breathe better.Frequent exercise improves the volume of oxygen you can use in your body. This is what makes you fit and the benefits aren't limited to sport. __2__ Attending some professional courses can build core strength and improve shape, and so strengthen breathing muscles.Physical activity enhances your mental health.Doing something active releases “happy” brain chemicals that make you more positive. The more you do it, the better you'll feel. But you do need to work up a bit of a sweat. If you've had a bad day,  treat yourself to a little bit of exercise.__3____4__The way your guts (内脏) feel often impacts on your mental and physical health.  Walking,  running and yoga strengthen abdominal (腹部的) muscles,  increase the heart rate and encourage your muscles to move digestive waste through your body more efficiently and digest food more quickly.Keeping active keeps you young.There may not be an elixir (灵丹妙药) of youth just yet, but keeping fit comes close. Just 15 minutes of exercise a day for eight years can increase your lifespan by three years. The more you do, the longer you could live. __5__ It can be low­intensity exercise—swimming, a gentle exercise, a long walk on a running machine at the gym, or a low­intensity workout via special APPs.A.It aids your digestion.B.It gives you a better appetite.C.Increased muscle strength helps too.D.Here are the benefits you can get from exercise.E.This is because physical activity delays cell ageing.F.People think this will catch our attention and inspire our action.G.Power walking or rope skipping is a brilliant stress reliever. Ⅲ.完形填空[2022·合肥市第三次质量检测] Selvidge hopes to attend art or film school after graduation. Being a writer, director, actor and musician, Selvidge admits that his ability to adapt to his __1__  environment is his strength. Of course, it is the very __2__  that helps him with difficulties. However, he didn't gain it without __3__．At the age of 13, Selvidge __4__ his hometown Dickson, Tennessee in __5__ of a better life. In the following four years, he was just living with his friends and bouncing around wherever he could. That lasted __6__ both his parents died off. The police were going to __7__ him over to a local shelter. However, at his father's funeral, his half­brother in Arizona offered to __8__ him to start over.Selvidge saw the move as an opportunity to start a __9__ life. The first day he came to Perry High School, he __10__ to the Theatre Club and finally gained a role to play. That was the beginning of his __11__ career. Last year he directed his own play and __12__ in a musical and two comedies. Seeing his wonderful stage performance, debate coach Jim Fountain __13__ Selvidge, believing his talents could take him far. __14__ , Selvidge did it well too. He won the state championship and would represent his state to __15__on the national stage for debate.“He has suffered many that are __16__to kids of his age, ” his director, Shelley, explains why Selvidge can __17__ the audience's eyes so well. “He has a __18__understanding of the human condition, which allows him to interpret emotions of various __19__with ease. In this sense, it is __20__that shaped what he is today. ”, 1．A.economic   B．changeable   C．social    D．familiar2．A.patience    B．kindness   C．virtue   D．bravery3．A.interest    B．patience   C．luck   D．suffering4．A.left   B．worked for   C．missed   D．returned to5．A.favour   B．memory   C．search    D．celebration6．A.since    B．after   C．if    D．until7．A.roll   B．hand   C．carry    D．drag8．A.defend    B．assess   C．support   D．teach9．A.new   B．free   C．political    D．healthy10．A.complained    B．stuck   C．contributed   D．applied11．A.acting   B．composing   C．writing    D．coaching12．A.hosted   B．starred   C．spoke   D．debated13．A.sought out   B．dreamed of   C．told off   D．relied on14．A.Strangely   B．Certainly   C．Interestingly    D．Basically15．A.jump   B．graduate   C．play    D．compete16．A.critical   B．relevant   C．open    D．uncommon17．A.catch    B．meet   C．widen    D．test18．A.shared   B．normal   C．deep    D．childish19．A.members   B．characters   C．colleagues   D．directors20．A.sacrifices   B．choices   C．hardships   D．amusementsⅣ.语法填空[2022·昆明市高考模拟]The Nobel Prize is one of the most famous prizes in the world. The prizes were first awarded on December 10，1901. That was five years after the death of Alfred Nobel, the 1.________(create) of the prizes. For many years, prizes were awarded in physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. A 2.________ (six) award for economics was created in 1968.Marie Curie was the first woman 3.________ (receive) the award, in 1903 in physics. She 4.________ (share) the award with her husband and another scientist. In 1911, she was awarded the prize in chemistry. Curie is one of the only two people ever to win Nobel Prizes in different areas. 5.________ (surprising), her daughter Irène also won the Nobel Prize in chemistry. They were the only mother­daughter pair to have won the prize.The prize committees are made up 6.________ famous scholars and scientists.  Nobel prize winners 7.________ (choose) very carefully. The voting is top secret. Prizes are presented to the winners every year on December 10. The prize winners are some of the most important people in the world. 8.________ (win) the award helps them continue their work. The Nobel Foundation awards cash, a diploma 9.________ a gold medal to each prize winner. The cash amount changes based on 10.________ it is given to one individual or shared among a group of people.课下天天练（二十三）　阅读语言运用组合练Ⅰ.阅读理解A语篇类型：议论文　主题语境：人与自我——教育——提出正确问题的能力是适应当今工作的能力要素【语篇解读】　作者在一次教育研讨会上遇到了一位公司的CEO，作者向他询问公司在招聘新员工时看重新员工的什么能力，他的回答出乎作者意料，公司看重的是员工提出正确问题的能力。所以作者反思现在的教育和教师应教会学生如何提出正确问题。1．答案与解析：D　考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第二段中的“For the last few years, I'd been reading about the rapidly changing world of work and was increasingly concerned that students are not prepared for today's workplace”和“However, when facing HR staff instead of their teachers, what they have learned seems useless”可知，工作（内容）在快速变化，作者越来越担心学生没有为如今的职场做好准备，怀疑学生在学校所学的知识无用。所以当作者偶遇一位公司的CEO时，提出了那个问题，即作者提出那个问题是为了了解公司对新员工的要求，故D项正确。2．答案与解析：A　考查理解词汇的能力。根据第二段中画线词语所在句以及第三段中Parker的回答可知，作者预料Parker会回答新员工应具有的一些技术能力，但是他回答的内容却不是作者所预料的答案，所以作者“错了”。A项意为“不正确”；B项意为“没资格”；C项意为“困惑”；D项意为“不专业”。故A项正确。3．答案与解析：B　考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第三段中的“The ability to ask the right questions reflects good thinking ability, the most important quality”可知，Parker认为提出正确问题的能力反映了员工的思维能力，也是最重要的品质。由此可知，Parker重视员工的思维能力，故B项正确。4．答案与解析：B　考查理解文章主旨要义的能力。根据最后一段最后一句并结合全文可知，本文主要讲述为了让学生适应快速变化的工作（内容），教师要教会学生如何去提出正确的问题，这在当今的职场中被视为是很重要的能力。故“问问题很重要”最适合作本文的标题，故B项正确。[干扰项分析]　本题易误选A项，本文不是讲述如何寻找工作的，故A项错误；作者与一位CEO的偶遇是为了引出作者的观点：提出正确问题很重要，故C项错误；D项表示“解决问题很重要”，作者强调的不是“解决问题”，而是“提出正确的问题”，故D项错误。B语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与自然——人与动物——海洋动物与人类的相似之处【语篇解读】　除了大猩猩和黑猩猩等陆地动物外，某些海洋动物身上也有与人类相似的特征，海豚就是其中之一。5．答案与解析：D　考查理解具体信息的能力。由题干中的gorillas定位到文章的第一段。由第一段中的“have a sense of fair play”可知答案，故选D。6．答案与解析：A　考查理解具体信息的能力。由题干中octopuses和dolphins定位到文章第二段。由第二段中的“But these skilled predators live alone and consequently lack culture. Dolphins, on the other hand, are large­brained, long­living, social­group­based predators”可知，章鱼缺少的是社会交往能力，故选A。7．答案与解析：B　考查理解具体信息的能力。根据文章第三段中的“what sets dolphins apart is what they pass on” “Some bottlenose dolphins hold sponges in their mouths that they use as tools to sweep fish hiding on the ocean floor. This ability is handed down through generations”可知，海豚会把捕食的技能传给下一代，故选B。8．答案与解析：D　考查推断的能力。由最后一段中的“Another characteristic that dolphins share with humans is their ability to recognize themselves in a mirror”及“Even in humans, the ability to recognize that the image in a mirror is oneself does not occur before the age of 18 months”可推知，海豚能够在镜子中识别自己的能力属于高级思维能力，故选D。【技巧点拨】解答推断题时需注意：①不能选原文中有直接叙述的选项；②不能选含有绝对化表达的选项；③不能选过度推断的选项。本题中的A项、B项属于过度推断，在原文中没有对应的依据；C项含有绝对化的表达。Ⅱ.七选五语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与自我——健康的生活方式——运动对身体的好处【语篇解读】　本篇从呼吸、心理健康、助消化、延缓衰老四个方面介绍了你也许不太了解的运动对身体的好处。1．答案与解析：D　考查上下文衔接。空处在第一段结尾，再由下文所列的几方面好处可知，此处需要一个总括的句子，故D项“以下是你可以从锻炼中得到的好处”符合语境。2．答案与解析：C　考查上下文衔接。根据空前的“the benefits aren't limited to sport”可知，不只运动会带来这些益处，再结合空后一句“Attending some professional courses...and so strengthen breathing muscles”尤其是关键词strengthen breathing muscles可知，选项C“增强的肌肉力量也有所帮助”符合语境。3．答案与解析：G　考查上下文衔接。根据本段小标题可知本段主要说明锻炼带来的心理方面的好处，故G项“快走或跳绳都是一种很好的减压方式”，符合语境。4．答案与解析：A　考查段落小标题。空处为下方段落的标题。该段内容主要讲了运动给消化系统带来的好处。故A项“它有助于你的消化”正确。5．答案与解析：E　考查上下文衔接。根据该段小标题可知，本段主要说明锻炼可以让你年轻，空前一句表述你做的（运动）越多，你就能活得越久，E项“这是因为体育活动会延缓细胞衰老”解释了原因，符合语境。Ⅲ.完形填空语篇类型：记叙文　主题语境：人与自我——个人经历——磨难造就精彩人生【语篇解读】　为了寻求更好的生活，Selvidge年幼时就离开家乡四处流浪。其父母双亡后，同父异母的兄弟将他带到了亚利桑那州。在Perry高中，Selvidge开始追求自己的艺术梦想，并自己导演了戏剧，主演了音乐剧和喜剧，其精彩的舞台表现博得了辩论教练的赏识。他获得了州辩论赛冠军，并且将参加全国大赛。Selvidge的故事告诉我们：磨难造就精彩人生。1．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据下文中讲到的Selvidge颠沛流离的生活可知，Selvidge可以适应多变的环境，这也是他的长处。2．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，正是这种优点帮助他克服困难。3．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。根据下文中讲到的Selvidge颠沛流离的生活可知，Selvidge的这种能力都是历经磨难得来的。4．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。根据下文中讲到的“In the following four years，he was just living with his friends and bouncing around wherever he could”可知，为了寻求更好的生活，Selvidge年幼时就离开了家乡，在接下来的四年里，四处流浪。5．答案与解析：C　参见上题解析。6．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。根据下文中的“The police were going to 　7　 him over to a local shelter”可知，Selvidge颠沛流离的生活一直持续到其父母去世。7．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。结合语境可知，由于Selvidge父母双亡，没有依靠，于是警察想将他交给当地的一个庇护所。hand...over to...“把……正式交给……”。8．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。结合语境可知，在其父亲葬礼上，其同父异母的兄弟主动提出支持他重新开始。start over“重新开始”。9．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，Selvidge结束了居无定所的日子，他把这次搬家视为开始新生活的一个机会。10．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。根据本句中的“finally gained a role to play”可知，去Perry高中的第一天，Selvidge就向戏剧俱乐部申请，最终得到了一个角色。11．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。根据上句中的“finally gained a role to play”可知，这个角色也成了其表演生涯的开端。12．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据下句中的“Seeing his wonderful stage performance”可知，Selvidge导演了自己的戏剧，并在一部音乐剧和两部喜剧中担任主演。13．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，辩论教练Jim Fountain找到了Selvidge，认为Selvidge的才能会让他走得远。seek out“找出，找到”；tell off“责备，斥责，训斥”。14．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据下文中的“He won the state championship”可知，当然，他自己确实也做得好。15．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。结合语境可知，Selvidge获得了州冠军，他将代表州去参加全国辩论大赛。16．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。结合语境可知，Selvidge的遭遇对于同龄的孩子来讲是不寻常的。17．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。结合语境可知，Selvidge的精彩表现非常吸引观众的目光。18．答案与解析：C　考查语境和常识推断。根据语境和常识可知，Selvidge的艰苦遭遇让他对人类的生存状况有很深的理解，这让他轻松地演绎各种各样的角色的情感。childish“幼稚的，孩子气的”，不符合语境。19．答案与解析：B　参见上题解析。20．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。结合全文可知，正是之前的那些艰难困苦造就了今天的Selvidge。Ⅳ.语法填空语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与社会——社会文化——诺贝尔奖的发展史【语篇解读】　本文介绍了诺贝尔奖的发展史、历史中有重要意义的获奖者以及评奖的规则。1．答案与解析：creator　考查词形转换。根据空前的“the”可知，此处需用名词且作Alfred Nobel的同位语。故填creator。2．答案与解析：sixth　考查序数词。根据空后的“award”是单数可知，此处应用序数词。故填sixth。3．答案与解析：to receive　考查固定句型。sb. is the first man to do sth.是固定句型，意为“某人是第一个做某事的人”。故填to receive。4．答案与解析：shared　考查时态。根据上句中的“in 1903”可知，此空需用一般过去时。故填shared。5．答案与解析：Surprisingly　考查词形转换。修饰句子应用副词作状语。故填Surprisingly。6．答案与解析：of　考查固定短语。be made up of是固定短语，意为“由……构成”。故填of。7．答案与解析：are chosen　考查时态和语态。此处讲诺贝尔奖获奖者的产生，与谓语动词之间为被动关系，应用一般现在时；主语为“获奖者”，与谓语动词之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。故此空应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are chosen。8．答案与解析：Winning/To win　考查非谓语动词。此句谓语动词是“helps”，故此空应用非谓语动词，可使用动名词短语作主语表示这件事，亦可用不定式作主语表示目的。故填Winning/To win。9．答案与解析：and　考查连词。cash、a diploma和a gold medal是三个并列的成分。故填and。10．答案与解析：whether　考查宾语从句连接词。根据空后的“or”可知，此处表达“是……还是……”。故填whether。