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2022-2023学年山东省聊城市东阿县八年级（下）期末英语试卷（含解析）
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这是一份2022-2023学年山东省聊城市东阿县八年级（下）期末英语试卷（含解析），共17页。试卷主要包含了完形填空，阅读理解，阅读判断，任务型阅读-多任务混合，阅读填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年山东省聊城市东阿县八年级（下）期末英语试卷
一、完形填空（本大题共10小题，共10.0分）
"The next class is geography.I'm （1） ______ with it .Let's cut the class and go for a walk!"Grace said to Karen.
In fact，Karen liked geography.She had no idea what she （2） ______ do."If I （3） ______ Grace's invitation，she will be angry with me，" she thought."But if I go with her.I （4） ______ catch the class." It was difficult for her to say no to Grace.Then Karen remembered Mom's words， "Remember who you are.And （5） ______ do the right thing."
"I'm sorry，Grace，"Karen said.She finally made the right （6） ______ .And she （7） ______ Grace to take the class，too."We have lots of time for a （8） ______ after school，don't we？We'd better take the class，（9） ______ we will probably fail the final exam.I don't want the teacher to call our parents."
Finally，the two girls sat in the geography classroom and listened to the teacher （10） ______ .
Did you ever have the experience like Karen？What did you do？
1. A. glad B. bored C. sad
2. A. must B. need C. should
3. A. refuse B. accept C. choose
4. A. will B. won't C. can
5. A. always B. hardly C. never
6. A. decision B. plan C. invitation
7. A. expected B. sent C. advised
8. A. walk B. game C. meeting
9. A. though B. if C. or
10. A. beautifully B. carefully C. comfortably
二、阅读理解（本大题共14小题，共30.0分）
A
Here is the story of a drop in the bucket（九牛一毛）.
During the Han Dynasty，there was a historian （史官） named Sima Qian.One day，the emperor（皇帝） received a message from northern China.It said that the general （将军） Li Ling had given in （投降） to the enemy.The emperor was very angry with Li Ling.But Sima Qian didn't say a word.
The emperor asked Sima Qian what he thought about the matter.He answered， "The enemy has 30，000 soldiers，but Li has only 5，000 men.He has been fighting hard for more than ten days.Li only gave in because they had run out of food.I believe he is waiting for another chance to attack."
When the emperor heard his words，he got even angrier.He sentenced Sima Qian to castration（宫刑）.Sima Qian felt so humiliated （受辱的） that he once wanted to kill himself.But in a letter to his friend，he wrote，"If I were to die now，it would be like one of nine cows losing one hair.I don't want to die like a nobody.I will first finish the history book that I am writing."
Later，Sima Qian did finish the book，Records of the Grand Historian 《史记》.It became one of the most famous books ever written in China.
11. Who is Sima Qian in this passage？ ______
A. An emperor. B. A general. C. A historian. D. A soldier.
12. Why was the emperor angry with Li Ling？ ______
A. Because Li killed Sima Qian.
B. Because Li didn't say a word.
C. Because Li received a message from northern China.
D. Because Li gave in to the enemy.
13. Which of the following is TRUE according to the third paragraph？ ______
A. Li had more soldiers than the enemy.
B. Li has been fighting hard for more than ten weeks.
C. Li was perhaps waiting for another chance to attack.
D. Li only gave in because they were afraid of their enemy.
14. What can we know from the last two paragraphs？ ______
A. Sima Qian killed himself.
B. Sima Qian continued his work.
C. Sima Qian's friend finished the famous books.
D. Sima Qian's friend stopped him from killing himself.
15. What do you think of Sima Qian？ ______
A. He is kind and helpful.
B. He is polite and clever.
C. He is humorous and generous.
D. He is strong-minded and hard-working.
B
Sam，
Thank you for asking me to play soccer with you.But I'm afraid I can't.I have a piano lesson on Tuesday.Maybe another time.
Nancy
Sandy，
Thank you very much for inviting me to your birthday party on Friday.I'd love to come，but I have to go to New York that day.It's very kind of you.I hope you have a happy birthday party.
Nancy
Lucy，
Thanks for your invitation.I'd love to go to your house for dinner on Thursday.But I have to get my things ready for travelling.How about coming to my house with.Lily？My mother cooks fish very well.I think you'll like it.I hope to see you before I'm leaving.
Nancy
Rose，
Would you like to come to my house for dinner tonight？Many of our good friends will come.
Nancy
16. How many invitations does Nancy get？ ______
A. Two.
B. Three.
C. Four.
D. Five. （2） ______ will have a birthday party. A.Sam B.Sandy C.Lucy D.Rose
17. Nancy will go to New York on ______ .
A. Tuesday B. Wednesday C. Thursday D. Friday
18. What does Nancy have to do on Thursday？ ______
A. Play soccer with Sam.
B. Go to a birthday party.
C. Cook fish for Lucy and Lily.
D. Get her things ready for travelling.
19. Which of the following sentences is TRUE？ ______
A. Lucy and Lily can't come to Nancy's house.
B. Nancy is coming to Rose's house for dinner.
C. Sandy is coming to Nancy's home for dinner.
D. Nancy invites Rose to come to her house for dinner.
C
These years people show all kinds of things on the Internet--good food，nice clothes，wonderful vacations and so on.Now showing the number of steps（步） is becoming popular too.Why？
People are finding it important to be in good health.To keep healthy，many people go to work on foot.When they start walking，they open the step counter app（计步程序） in their phones to record（记录） how many steps they walk that day.After a day's walk，some people show the number on WeChat or Weibo.This can make them learn from each other and keep exercising.
"This helps me to exercise much and keep a good habit，" Miss Liu said."I can also talk about how to keep healthy with my friends on WeChat.We are in the same group to encourage each other to keep exercising."
Mr.Wu likes to exercise.But in the past he was kind of lazy and didn't want to exercise every day."After I use the step counter app，everything is different.It's great to exercise with my friends.Sometimes there are prizes （奖品） for those who walk more steps.I really like it，"he said.
Walking is a relaxing and useful way to exercise.Both the old and the young like it.Recording the steps helps people develop a good habit of walking and showing the number can make people more interested in walking.But don't take the number too seriously.
20. What can't we know from the second paragraph？ ______
A. Why many people go to work on foot.
B. The use of the step counter app.
C. In which places they use the app.
D. Why they show the number online.
21. What does the underlined word "encourage" mean in Chinese？ ______
A. 挑战 B. 保护 C. 介绍 D. 鼓励
22. What does the writer think of showing the number of steps？ ______
A. It can make people relaxed.
B. It can make people stop driving cars.
C. It can make people develop a good habit.
D. It can help make people walk more steps.
23. Which of the following is TRUE？ ______
A. More people go to work on foot to save money.
B. Miss Liu and Mr.Wu like to exercise with their friends.
C. People usually show the number of steps in the morning.
D. To be healthy，the number of your steps is important to you.
24. What does the passage mainly want to tell us？ ______
A. People like to show the number of steps on the Internet.
B. Many people like to be in good health through taking walks.
C. It's important to record how many steps you walk every day.
D. Many people like to use their mobile phones when walking.
三、阅读判断（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Charlie was a rich boy who had more toys than you could imagine.His family always bought him something different.
Once one of his uncles found a fine horse and sent it to him.Charlie was very excited and soon learned to ride it.And then he went here and there on his horse.However，he treated the horse as badly as all his toys.Soon it started looking weak （虚弱的） and sick.For the first time Charlie became truly worried，but he didn't know what to do.
One day，he saw a girl riding a horse.She looked very poor，but the horse seemed happy and looked great.Charlie quietly followed them through a forest.Along the way，he found that she never hit the horse but he himself always did that.Then they came to the horse's house.There the girl fed and watered her horse.Then she carefully groomed （梳洗） it.Charlie was surprised.He never did any of those things for his horse and he suddenly seemed to understand something.He asked the girl for help and then he learned how to look after his horse.
As a result，Charlie gave up asking for new toys.To thank the girl，he gave her some of his own toys.He only kept a few toys be really liked.He learned how to repair and care for the toys，so he could really enjoy playing with them.
25. His father sent Charlie a fine horse. ______
A. Right. B. Wrong.
26. Charlie felt worried when he found the horse was sick. ______
A. Right. B. Wrong.
27. To thank the girl，Charlie gave all his toys to her. ______
A. Right. B. Wrong.
28. Charlie used to treat his horse and his toys badly. ______
A. Right. B. Wrong.
29. We should be kind to things and people around us. ______
A. Right. B. Wrong.
四、任务型阅读-多任务混合（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
30. Once upon a time，there was a rich man.① 他非常喜爱他的儿子。Because he wanted to make his son have a happy life，he decided to send him to see a smart old man for advice on happiness.When the old man knew about this，he gave the boy an empty bowl and asked him to go to the river and fill the bowl with water."If no water is spilt （溢出） when you come back，I will tell you about it."
The boy walked to the river and came back with a bowl of water.The old man asked him， "② Did you notice the beautiful flowers along the road and the birds singing in the trees？"The boy could say nothing about them because he paid much attention to the bowl in his hands.
The old man smiled and said， "Bring me another bowl of water and enjoy the flowers and the singing of birds."
When he came back，the boy could describe everything he had seen to the old man.But when he looked at his bowl，he found most water was gone.He forgot all about his bowl when he enjoyed the beautiful things along the road.
"Well，young man，" the old man said."Enjoy the beauty of the world，but never forget your dream in your heart.This is the secret of happiness."
(1) 请将①处划线句子译为英语。
______
(2) What did the old man ask the boy to do？
______
(3) 请在文中找出与所给句子含义相同的一句。
I won't tell you unless the bowl is full when you returned.
______
(4) 请将②处划线句子译为汉语。
______
(5) What can you learn from the passage？
______
五、阅读填空（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
31. Albert Einstein is a world famous physical scientist.But do you know that actually there are many （1） ______ （ interest） stories about him？
One afternoon，Einstein was （2） ______ （walk） home from work，while a 12-year-old girl was walking home from school.They were soon walking side by side. （3） ______ （冠词） girl looked at him surprisedly from time to time.
"Pardon me，" the girl said."but you look just like Albert Einstein.""That's because I am Albert Einstein!"Einstein said.
"I don't believe you，" the girl said， "Everyone（4） ______ （ know） that Einstein is a genius（天才）. （5） ______ （连词） you're wearing your sweater backwards（反了），so you can't be very clever.
Einstein began to laugh， "You're the（6） ______ （ one） person to be so honest with me， " he said to the girl."It's a pleasure to hear someone（7） ______ （ tell） me the truth about my look."
After that day，the girl often went to visit Einstein's house by （8） ______ （ her） after school.One afternoon，the girl's mother went to visit Einstein.She asked him why he spent so much time with her daughter.
"It's easy to explain our friendship."Einstein said， "Your daughter tells me the truth about my look and brings me cookies.（9） ______ （介词） return，I help her with her math homework."
It's easy to make （10） ______ （ friend） even with great people like Einstein.Just be sincere to others.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共20.0分）
32. 请根据以下提示以 Wonderful time in Zhangjiajie为题写一篇短文。
（1）张家界（面积）很大，约 480平方千米。它以奇形怪状的巨石而著名。
（2）昨晚我们在一个小湖边宿营。夜间我们听到一阵声响！每个人都被它吵醒了。我们悄悄地走出去，发现那只是一只饥饿的猴子在寻找食物。
（3）今天上午我们爬了天子山！但遗憾的是天气多云，我们只能看到云雾缭绕的山顶。
（4）明天我们要去洞庭湖——中国第二大淡水湖。
要求：
（1）词数：80左右。
（2）字迹工整，语言流畅，表达正确，逻辑清晰。
Wonderful time in Zhangjiajie I'm having a wonderful time here in Zhangjiajie.
答案和解析
1~10.【答案】B、C、A、B、A、A、C、A、C、B
【解析】（1）形容词辨析。句意：我对此感到厌烦。glad高兴的；bored无聊的，厌倦的；sad难过的。根据Let's cut the class and go for a walk!（我们逃课去散散步吧！）可知，格蕾丝对地理感到厌烦。be bored with"对......感到厌烦"。故选B。
（2）动词辨析。句意：她不知道她应该做什么。must必须；need需要；should应该。根据句意结合选项可知，她不知道应该做什么。故选C。
（3）动词辨析。句意：如果我拒绝格雷斯的邀请，她会生我的气。refuse拒绝；accept接受；choose选择。根据she will be angry with me（她会生我的气）可知，如果拒绝格蕾丝的邀请，她就会生气。故选A。
（4）动词辨析。句意：但是如果我和她一起去。我就不能上这门课了。will将要；won't将不（等于will not）；can能够。根据But if I go with her（但是如果我和她一起去）可知，如果同意和她一起就不能上这门课。故选B。
（5）副词辨析。句意：永远做正确的事。always总是，永远；hardly几乎不；never从不。根据句意结合选项可知，妈妈告诉她要永远做正确的事。故选A。
（6）名词辨析。句意：她最终做出了正确的决定。decision决定；plan计划；invitation邀请。make the decision"做决定"，固定短语。故选A。
（7）动词辨析。句意：她建议格蕾丝也去上这门课。expected期待；sent发送；advised建议。根据后文We'd better take the class，（我们最好上这门课，）可知，她建议格蕾丝去上课。advise sb.to do sth."建议某人做某事"固定短语。故选C。
（8）名词辨析。句意：放学后我们有很多时间去散步，不是吗？walk散步；game游戏；meeting会议。根据上文Let's cut the class and go for a walk!（我们逃课去散散步吧！）可知，放学后有很多时间去散步。故选A。
（9）连词辨析。句意：我们最好上这门课，否则我们期末考试可能会不及格。though虽然，尽管；if如果，是否；or或者，否则。根据we will probably fail the final exam（我们期末考试可能会不及格）可知，最好上这门课，否则可能期末考试会不及格。故选C。
（10）副词辨析。句意：最后，两个女孩坐在地理教室里认真听老师讲课。beautifully漂亮地；carefully认真地；comfortably舒服地。根据句意可知，应是认真地听地理老师讲课。故选B。
这段短文主要讲述了凯伦在面对格雷斯的邀请时，纠结于是否应该逃课去散步。她最终决定听从妈妈的教诲，做出正确的选择，并劝说格雷斯一起上课。最后，她们坐在地理课堂上认真听讲。读者被问及是否有类似的经历，以及他们会如何应对。
首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
11~15.【答案】C、D、C、B、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段During the Han Dynasty，there was a historian （史官） named Sima Qian.（汉朝的时候，有一个叫司马迁的历史学家。）可知司马迁是史学家。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段It said that the general （将军） Li Ling had given in （投降） to the enemy.The emperor was very angry with Li Ling.（据说李陵将军向敌人投降了。皇帝对李玲很生气。）可知因为李陵向敌人投降了。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段I believe he is waiting for another chance to attack.（我相信他正在等待下一次进攻的机会。）可知李陵可能在等待下一次进攻的机会。故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据第四段I will first finish the history book that I am writing.（我要先完成我正在写的历史书。）和第五段Later，Sima Qian did finish the book，Records of the Grand Historian 《史记》.（后来，司马迁完成了《史记》。）可知司马迁后来继续完成了他的工作。故选B。
（5）推理判断题。根据第四段Sima Qian felt so humiliated （受辱的） that he once wanted to kill himself.But in a letter to his friend，he wrote，"If I were to die now，it would be like one of nine cows losing one hair.I don't want to die like a nobody.I will first finish the history book that I am writing."（司马迁感到非常屈辱，一度想自杀。但在给朋友的一封信中，他写道："如果我现在死了，就像九头牛中的一头掉了一根头发一样。我不想像个无名小卒一样死去。我要先完成我正在写的历史书。"）可知司马迁意志坚强，工作勤奋。。故选D。
这个故事主要讲述了一个水滴在大海中的故事。在汉朝时期，有一位叫司马迁的历史学家。一天，皇帝收到了来自中国北方的消息，说将军李陵向敌人投降了。皇帝对李陵非常生气，但司马迁却一言不发。皇帝问司马迁对此事有何看法，他回答说："敌人有三万士兵，而李陵只有五千人。他已经奋战了十多天，只是因为粮食耗尽才投降。我相信他在等待另一个进攻的机会。"听到这些话，皇帝更加生气，判处司马迁阉割。司马迁感到非常羞辱，曾经想过自杀。但在给朋友的信中，他写道："如果我现在死了，就像九头牛掉了一根毛一样。我不想像一个无名小卒一样死去。我要先完成我正在写的历史书。"后来，司马迁确实完成了《史记》这本书，它成为中国历史上最著名的书之一。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
16~19.【答案】B、B、D、D
【解析】细节理解题。
（1）根据文中Sam中的Thank you for asking me to play soccer with you.（谢谢你邀请我和你一起踢足球。），Sandy中的Thank you very much for inviting me to your birthday party on Friday.（非常感谢你邀请我参加你星期五的生日聚会。）和Lucy中的Thanks for your invitation.（谢谢你的邀请。）可知，Nancy 收到了三个邀请，故选：B。
（2）根据Sandy中的Thank you very much for inviting me to your birthday party on Friday.（非常感谢你邀请我参加你星期五的生日聚会。）可知，Sandy将举办一个生日聚会，故选：B。
（3）根据Sandy中的Thank you very much for inviting me to your birthday party on Friday.I'd love to come，but I have to go to New York that day.（非常感谢你邀请我参加你星期五的生日聚会。我很想来，但那天我必须去纽约。）可知，Nancy 将于星期五去纽约，故选：D。
（4）根据Lucy中的I'd love to go to your house for dinner on Thursday.But I have to get my things ready for travelling.（我很想星期四去你家吃晚饭。但我必须准备好旅行的东西。）可知，Nancy星期四要为旅行做好准备，故选：D。
（5）根据Rose中的Would you like to come to my house for dinner tonight？（今晚你愿意来我家吃饭吗）可知，这与D选项"Nancy邀请Rose来她家吃饭。"描述相符，D是正确的，故选：D。
短文主要写了Nancy收到了三个邀请，但因为有其他安排而无法参加。她表示感谢并提出其他时间的建议。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
20~24.【答案】C、D、D、B、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段To keep healthy，many people go to work on foot.（为了保持健康，许多人步行去上班。）可知，这是人们步行上班的原因。排除A选项；根据When they start walking，they open the step counter app（计步程序）in their phones to record（记录）how many steps they walk that day.（当他们开始走路时，他们会打开手机里的计步程序，记录他们当天走了多少步。）可知，在讲述计步器应用的使用。排除B选项；再根据After a day's walk，some people show the number on WeChat or Weibo.This can make them learn from each other and keep exercising.（在走了一天的路之后，有些人会在微信或微博上晒数字。这可以让他们互相学习，保持锻炼。）可知，在解释为什么他们会在网上晒这个数字。只有C选项"他们在哪些地方使用这个应用程序"第二段未提及。故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句We are in the same group to encourage each other to keep exercising.（我们在同一个群里，互相......坚持锻炼。）结合选项可知，是指互相鼓励。所以划线词意为"鼓励"。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段Recording the steps helps people develop a good habit of walking and showing the number can make people more interested in walking.（记录步数可以帮助人们养成走路的好习惯，晒步数可以让人们对走路更感兴趣。）可知，作者认为晒步数会让人们对走路更感兴趣，就会促使人们多去走路。故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据第三段"This helps me to exercise much and keep a good habit，" Miss Liu said."I can also talk about how to keep healthy with my friends on WeChat.We are in the same group to encourage each other to keep exercising."（这有助于我多锻炼，保持一个好习惯，"刘小姐说。"我也可以在微信上和朋友们谈论如何保持健康。我们在同一个群里，互相鼓励，坚持锻炼。"）以及第四段"After I use the step count er app，everything is different.It's great to exercise with my friends.Sometimes there are prizes（奖品）for those who walk more steps.I really like it，"he said.（"在我使用步数程序之后，一切都不一样了。和我的朋友一起锻炼很好。有时候，走得多的人会得到奖品。我真的很喜欢，"他说。）可知，刘小姐和吴先生喜欢和他们的朋友一起锻炼。故选B。
（5）主旨大意题。根据第一段Now showing the number of steps（步）is becoming popular too.（现在晒步数也变得流行起来。）以及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了人们喜欢在网上晒步数的现象及其原因。故选A。
本文主要讲述了人们喜欢在网上晒步数的现象及其原因。
答阅读题时，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络，然后在文章中找到对应的信息，再和选项作对比，得出正确答案。
25~29.【答案】B、A、B、A、A
【解析】细节判断题。
（1）根据第二段Once one of his uncles found a fine horse and sent it to him.（有一次，他的一个叔叔找到了一匹好马，送给了他。）可知，马是叔叔送的，不是爸爸送的。故选B。
（2）根据第二段Soon it started looking weak（虚弱的）and sick.For the first time Charlie became truly worried，but he didn't know what to do.（很快，它开始看起来很虚弱，像是生病了。查理第一次真正担心起来，但他不知道该怎么办。）可知，当查理发现马生病时，他感到很担心。故选A。
（3）根据最后一段To thank the girl，he gave her some of his own toys.（为了感谢这个女孩，他把自己的一些玩具送给了她。）可知，送了一些玩具，而不是"全部玩具"。故选B。
（4）根据第二段However，he treated the horse as badly as all his toys.（然而，他对待马就像对待他所有的玩具一样糟糕。）可知，查理过去对他的马和玩具很不好。故选A。
（5）根据最后一段He learned how to repair and care for the toys，so he could really enjoy playing with them.（他学会了如何修理和照顾玩具，所以他可以真正享受和它们一起玩。）可知，这个故事告诉我们应该善待周围的人和事。故选A。
本文主要讲述了富有的男孩查理拥有许多玩具，但对待玩具和马都很不好。直到他看到一个贫穷的女孩如何善待马后，他才意识到自己应该如何照顾自己的马。最后为了感谢女孩，他送给她一些自己的玩具，并学会了修理和照顾玩具。
答此类阅读题时，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络，然后在文章中找到对应的信息，再和题干作对比，判断正误。
30.【答案】【小题1】He loved his son very much.
【小题2】He asked the boy to go to the river and fill the bowl with water.
【小题3】If no water is spilt when you come back，I will tell you about it
【小题4】你注意到路旁美丽的花朵和树上唱歌的鸟儿了吗？
【小题5】The secret of happiness is to enjoy the beauty of the world and never forget our dream in our heart.
【解析】（1）汉译英题。他He，位于句首，单词首字母大写；非常very much；喜爱loved，根据Once upon a time（很久以前）可知，时态为一般过去时，love的过去式是loved；他的儿子his son。故填He loved his son very much.
（2）细节理解题。根据第一段When the old man knew about this，he gave the boy an empty bowl and asked him to go to the river and fill the bowl with water.（当老人知道这件事时，他给了男孩一个空碗，让他去河边把碗装满水。）可知，老人叫男孩去河边把碗装满水。故填He asked the boy to go to the river and fill the bowl with water.
（3）找同义句题。根据题干句子I won't tell you unless the bowl is full when you returned.（除非你回来时碗已经满了，否则我不会告诉你。）可知，文中第一段最后一句If no water is spilt when you come back，I will tell you about it.（如果你回来的时候，水没有溢出，我就告诉你。）含义与之相同。故填If no water is spilt when you come back，I will tell you about it.
（4）英译汉题。Did you notice你注意到......了吗？；the beautiful flowers美丽的花朵；along the road路旁；and和；the birds鸟儿；singing唱歌；in the trees在树上。故填：你注意到路旁美丽的花朵和树上唱歌的鸟儿了吗？
（5）主旨大意题。根据最后一段Enjoy the beauty of the world，but never forget your dream in your heart.This is the secret of happiness.（享受世界的美丽，但永远不要忘记你心中的梦想。这就是幸福的秘诀。）可知，从这个故事中我们知道了幸福的秘诀就是要享受世界的美丽，永远不要忘记我们心中的梦想。故填The secret of happiness is to enjoy the beauty of the world and never forget our dream in our heart.
本文主要讲述了一位聪明的老人通过叫男孩去河边把碗装满水，从而告诉他什么是幸福的秘诀。
这是个综合型阅读题，题目中有翻译题、也有问答题，主要考查学生的阅读理解能力及知识运用能力。
31.【答案】【小题1】interesting
【小题2】walking
【小题3】The
【小题4】knows
【小题5】But
【小题6】first
【小题7】tell
【小题8】herself
【小题9】In
【小题10】friends
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：但你知道吗，实际上有很多关于他的有趣的故事。根据____stories（____故事），可知修饰名词应使用形容词，interesting有趣的，符合句意。故填interesting。
（2）考查现在分词。句意：一天下午，爱因斯坦下班步行回家，而一个12岁的女孩也放学步行回家。根据空格前的系动词was，可知本句为过去进行时，结构为was+现在分词。故填walking。
（3）考查冠词。句意：这个女孩不时地惊讶地看着他。根据前文a 12-year-old girl （一个12岁的女孩），可知此处是指前文当中提到的12岁女孩，表示特指用定冠词。故填The。
（4）考查动词。句意：每个人都知道爱因斯坦是一个天才。根据I don't believe you（我不相信你），可知直接引语中用一般现在时，主语是everyone，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填knows。
（5）考查连词。句意：但你衣服穿反了，所以你不可能很聪明。根据 Einstein is a genius（爱因斯坦是个天才）...you're wearing your sweater backwards，so you can't be very clever.（你衣服穿反了，所以你不可能很聪明。）可知此处表转折。故填But。
（6）考查序数词。句意：你是第一个对我诚实的人。根据句意可知，此处应使用序数词first，表示"第一个"。故填first。
（7）考查动词。句意：很高兴听到有人告诉我关于我长相的真话。hear的结构为hear sb.do sth.听见某人做了某事，hear sb.doing sth.听见某人正在做某事，根据句意可知应该是听见某人说了真话很高兴。故填tell。
（8）考查反身代词。句意：从那天起，女孩经常在放学后独自去爱因斯坦家拜访他。by oneself独自，固定搭配。故填herself。
（9）考查介词。句意：作为回报，我帮助她做数学作业。in return作为回报，固定搭配。故填In。
（10）考查名词。句意：即使和爱因斯坦这样的伟人交朋友也很容易。make friends交朋友，固定搭配。故填friends。
这篇短文主要讲述了爱因斯坦的一些有趣故事。其中一个下午，爱因斯坦在回家的路上遇到了一个12岁的女孩，女孩对他的样子感到惊讶。女孩不相信他是爱因斯坦，因为他穿着毛衣穿反了，觉得他不可能是个聪明人。爱因斯坦笑了起来，对女孩说她是第一个对他如此诚实的人。从那天起，女孩经常放学后去爱因斯坦家拜访他。女孩的妈妈问爱因斯坦为什么会和她的女儿呆在一起那么久，爱因斯坦解释说女孩对他的外貌诚实，并且给他带来饼干，作为回报，他帮助她做数学作业。这篇短文告诉我们，与伟大的人建立友谊很容易，只要对他人真诚即可。
语法填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答。对于同义词和近义词的选项，在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别注意这些同义词和近义词搭配。
32.【答案】Wonderful time in Zhangjiajie I'm having a wonderful time here in Zhangjiajie.（引入话题） Zhangjiajie is very large，about 480 square kilometres.It's famous for the strange shapes of its huge rocks.【高分句型一】（张家界的总体介绍）
Last night we camped by a small lake.During the night we heard a noise!It woke everybody up.We came out without making any noise，and found it was just a hungry monkey looking for food.【高分句型二】（昨晚的经历）
This morning，we climbed Mount Tianzi!It was a pity that it was cloudy.We could only see the mountain tops above the clouds.（今天的旅游的景点）
Tomorrow we're going to Dongting Lake，the second-largest lake in China.Zhangjiajie is really a great place to travel.
【解析】【高分句型一】
It's famous for the strange shapes of its huge rocks.它以其巨大岩石的奇特形状而闻名。
be famous for以……而闻名，固定短语。
【高分句型二】
We came out without making any noise，and found it was just a hungry monkey looking for food.我们没有发出任何声音就出来了，发现那只是一只饥饿的猴子在寻找食物。
found是动词find的过去式，后接宾语从句。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
2022-2023学年山东省聊城市东阿县八年级（下）期末英语试卷
一、完形填空（本大题共10小题，共10.0分）
"The next class is geography.I'm （1） ______ with it .Let's cut the class and go for a walk!"Grace said to Karen.
In fact，Karen liked geography.She had no idea what she （2） ______ do."If I （3） ______ Grace's invitation，she will be angry with me，" she thought."But if I go with her.I （4） ______ catch the class." It was difficult for her to say no to Grace.Then Karen remembered Mom's words， "Remember who you are.And （5） ______ do the right thing."
"I'm sorry，Grace，"Karen said.She finally made the right （6） ______ .And she （7） ______ Grace to take the class，too."We have lots of time for a （8） ______ after school，don't we？We'd better take the class，（9） ______ we will probably fail the final exam.I don't want the teacher to call our parents."
Finally，the two girls sat in the geography classroom and listened to the teacher （10） ______ .
Did you ever have the experience like Karen？What did you do？
1. A. glad B. bored C. sad
2. A. must B. need C. should
3. A. refuse B. accept C. choose
4. A. will B. won't C. can
5. A. always B. hardly C. never
6. A. decision B. plan C. invitation
7. A. expected B. sent C. advised
8. A. walk B. game C. meeting
9. A. though B. if C. or
10. A. beautifully B. carefully C. comfortably
二、阅读理解（本大题共14小题，共30.0分）
A
Here is the story of a drop in the bucket（九牛一毛）.
During the Han Dynasty，there was a historian （史官） named Sima Qian.One day，the emperor（皇帝） received a message from northern China.It said that the general （将军） Li Ling had given in （投降） to the enemy.The emperor was very angry with Li Ling.But Sima Qian didn't say a word.
The emperor asked Sima Qian what he thought about the matter.He answered， "The enemy has 30，000 soldiers，but Li has only 5，000 men.He has been fighting hard for more than ten days.Li only gave in because they had run out of food.I believe he is waiting for another chance to attack."
When the emperor heard his words，he got even angrier.He sentenced Sima Qian to castration（宫刑）.Sima Qian felt so humiliated （受辱的） that he once wanted to kill himself.But in a letter to his friend，he wrote，"If I were to die now，it would be like one of nine cows losing one hair.I don't want to die like a nobody.I will first finish the history book that I am writing."
Later，Sima Qian did finish the book，Records of the Grand Historian 《史记》.It became one of the most famous books ever written in China.
11. Who is Sima Qian in this passage？ ______
A. An emperor. B. A general. C. A historian. D. A soldier.
12. Why was the emperor angry with Li Ling？ ______
A. Because Li killed Sima Qian.
B. Because Li didn't say a word.
C. Because Li received a message from northern China.
D. Because Li gave in to the enemy.
13. Which of the following is TRUE according to the third paragraph？ ______
A. Li had more soldiers than the enemy.
B. Li has been fighting hard for more than ten weeks.
C. Li was perhaps waiting for another chance to attack.
D. Li only gave in because they were afraid of their enemy.
14. What can we know from the last two paragraphs？ ______
A. Sima Qian killed himself.
B. Sima Qian continued his work.
C. Sima Qian's friend finished the famous books.
D. Sima Qian's friend stopped him from killing himself.
15. What do you think of Sima Qian？ ______
A. He is kind and helpful.
B. He is polite and clever.
C. He is humorous and generous.
D. He is strong-minded and hard-working.
B
Sam，
Thank you for asking me to play soccer with you.But I'm afraid I can't.I have a piano lesson on Tuesday.Maybe another time.
Nancy
Sandy，
Thank you very much for inviting me to your birthday party on Friday.I'd love to come，but I have to go to New York that day.It's very kind of you.I hope you have a happy birthday party.
Nancy
Lucy，
Thanks for your invitation.I'd love to go to your house for dinner on Thursday.But I have to get my things ready for travelling.How about coming to my house with.Lily？My mother cooks fish very well.I think you'll like it.I hope to see you before I'm leaving.
Nancy
Rose，
Would you like to come to my house for dinner tonight？Many of our good friends will come.
Nancy
16. How many invitations does Nancy get？ ______
A. Two.
B. Three.
C. Four.
D. Five. （2） ______ will have a birthday party. A.Sam B.Sandy C.Lucy D.Rose
17. Nancy will go to New York on ______ .
A. Tuesday B. Wednesday C. Thursday D. Friday
18. What does Nancy have to do on Thursday？ ______
A. Play soccer with Sam.
B. Go to a birthday party.
C. Cook fish for Lucy and Lily.
D. Get her things ready for travelling.
19. Which of the following sentences is TRUE？ ______
A. Lucy and Lily can't come to Nancy's house.
B. Nancy is coming to Rose's house for dinner.
C. Sandy is coming to Nancy's home for dinner.
D. Nancy invites Rose to come to her house for dinner.
C
These years people show all kinds of things on the Internet--good food，nice clothes，wonderful vacations and so on.Now showing the number of steps（步） is becoming popular too.Why？
People are finding it important to be in good health.To keep healthy，many people go to work on foot.When they start walking，they open the step counter app（计步程序） in their phones to record（记录） how many steps they walk that day.After a day's walk，some people show the number on WeChat or Weibo.This can make them learn from each other and keep exercising.
"This helps me to exercise much and keep a good habit，" Miss Liu said."I can also talk about how to keep healthy with my friends on WeChat.We are in the same group to encourage each other to keep exercising."
Mr.Wu likes to exercise.But in the past he was kind of lazy and didn't want to exercise every day."After I use the step counter app，everything is different.It's great to exercise with my friends.Sometimes there are prizes （奖品） for those who walk more steps.I really like it，"he said.
Walking is a relaxing and useful way to exercise.Both the old and the young like it.Recording the steps helps people develop a good habit of walking and showing the number can make people more interested in walking.But don't take the number too seriously.
20. What can't we know from the second paragraph？ ______
A. Why many people go to work on foot.
B. The use of the step counter app.
C. In which places they use the app.
D. Why they show the number online.
21. What does the underlined word "encourage" mean in Chinese？ ______
A. 挑战 B. 保护 C. 介绍 D. 鼓励
22. What does the writer think of showing the number of steps？ ______
A. It can make people relaxed.
B. It can make people stop driving cars.
C. It can make people develop a good habit.
D. It can help make people walk more steps.
23. Which of the following is TRUE？ ______
A. More people go to work on foot to save money.
B. Miss Liu and Mr.Wu like to exercise with their friends.
C. People usually show the number of steps in the morning.
D. To be healthy，the number of your steps is important to you.
24. What does the passage mainly want to tell us？ ______
A. People like to show the number of steps on the Internet.
B. Many people like to be in good health through taking walks.
C. It's important to record how many steps you walk every day.
D. Many people like to use their mobile phones when walking.
三、阅读判断（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Charlie was a rich boy who had more toys than you could imagine.His family always bought him something different.
Once one of his uncles found a fine horse and sent it to him.Charlie was very excited and soon learned to ride it.And then he went here and there on his horse.However，he treated the horse as badly as all his toys.Soon it started looking weak （虚弱的） and sick.For the first time Charlie became truly worried，but he didn't know what to do.
One day，he saw a girl riding a horse.She looked very poor，but the horse seemed happy and looked great.Charlie quietly followed them through a forest.Along the way，he found that she never hit the horse but he himself always did that.Then they came to the horse's house.There the girl fed and watered her horse.Then she carefully groomed （梳洗） it.Charlie was surprised.He never did any of those things for his horse and he suddenly seemed to understand something.He asked the girl for help and then he learned how to look after his horse.
As a result，Charlie gave up asking for new toys.To thank the girl，he gave her some of his own toys.He only kept a few toys be really liked.He learned how to repair and care for the toys，so he could really enjoy playing with them.
25. His father sent Charlie a fine horse. ______
A. Right. B. Wrong.
26. Charlie felt worried when he found the horse was sick. ______
A. Right. B. Wrong.
27. To thank the girl，Charlie gave all his toys to her. ______
A. Right. B. Wrong.
28. Charlie used to treat his horse and his toys badly. ______
A. Right. B. Wrong.
29. We should be kind to things and people around us. ______
A. Right. B. Wrong.
四、任务型阅读-多任务混合（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
30. Once upon a time，there was a rich man.① 他非常喜爱他的儿子。Because he wanted to make his son have a happy life，he decided to send him to see a smart old man for advice on happiness.When the old man knew about this，he gave the boy an empty bowl and asked him to go to the river and fill the bowl with water."If no water is spilt （溢出） when you come back，I will tell you about it."
The boy walked to the river and came back with a bowl of water.The old man asked him， "② Did you notice the beautiful flowers along the road and the birds singing in the trees？"The boy could say nothing about them because he paid much attention to the bowl in his hands.
The old man smiled and said， "Bring me another bowl of water and enjoy the flowers and the singing of birds."
When he came back，the boy could describe everything he had seen to the old man.But when he looked at his bowl，he found most water was gone.He forgot all about his bowl when he enjoyed the beautiful things along the road.
"Well，young man，" the old man said."Enjoy the beauty of the world，but never forget your dream in your heart.This is the secret of happiness."
(1) 请将①处划线句子译为英语。
______
(2) What did the old man ask the boy to do？
______
(3) 请在文中找出与所给句子含义相同的一句。
I won't tell you unless the bowl is full when you returned.
______
(4) 请将②处划线句子译为汉语。
______
(5) What can you learn from the passage？
______
五、阅读填空（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
31. Albert Einstein is a world famous physical scientist.But do you know that actually there are many （1） ______ （ interest） stories about him？
One afternoon，Einstein was （2） ______ （walk） home from work，while a 12-year-old girl was walking home from school.They were soon walking side by side. （3） ______ （冠词） girl looked at him surprisedly from time to time.
"Pardon me，" the girl said."but you look just like Albert Einstein.""That's because I am Albert Einstein!"Einstein said.
"I don't believe you，" the girl said， "Everyone（4） ______ （ know） that Einstein is a genius（天才）. （5） ______ （连词） you're wearing your sweater backwards（反了），so you can't be very clever.
Einstein began to laugh， "You're the（6） ______ （ one） person to be so honest with me， " he said to the girl."It's a pleasure to hear someone（7） ______ （ tell） me the truth about my look."
After that day，the girl often went to visit Einstein's house by （8） ______ （ her） after school.One afternoon，the girl's mother went to visit Einstein.She asked him why he spent so much time with her daughter.
"It's easy to explain our friendship."Einstein said， "Your daughter tells me the truth about my look and brings me cookies.（9） ______ （介词） return，I help her with her math homework."
It's easy to make （10） ______ （ friend） even with great people like Einstein.Just be sincere to others.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共20.0分）
32. 请根据以下提示以 Wonderful time in Zhangjiajie为题写一篇短文。
（1）张家界（面积）很大，约 480平方千米。它以奇形怪状的巨石而著名。
（2）昨晚我们在一个小湖边宿营。夜间我们听到一阵声响！每个人都被它吵醒了。我们悄悄地走出去，发现那只是一只饥饿的猴子在寻找食物。
（3）今天上午我们爬了天子山！但遗憾的是天气多云，我们只能看到云雾缭绕的山顶。
（4）明天我们要去洞庭湖——中国第二大淡水湖。
要求：
（1）词数：80左右。
（2）字迹工整，语言流畅，表达正确，逻辑清晰。
Wonderful time in Zhangjiajie I'm having a wonderful time here in Zhangjiajie.
答案和解析
1~10.【答案】B、C、A、B、A、A、C、A、C、B
【解析】（1）形容词辨析。句意：我对此感到厌烦。glad高兴的；bored无聊的，厌倦的；sad难过的。根据Let's cut the class and go for a walk!（我们逃课去散散步吧！）可知，格蕾丝对地理感到厌烦。be bored with"对......感到厌烦"。故选B。
（2）动词辨析。句意：她不知道她应该做什么。must必须；need需要；should应该。根据句意结合选项可知，她不知道应该做什么。故选C。
（3）动词辨析。句意：如果我拒绝格雷斯的邀请，她会生我的气。refuse拒绝；accept接受；choose选择。根据she will be angry with me（她会生我的气）可知，如果拒绝格蕾丝的邀请，她就会生气。故选A。
（4）动词辨析。句意：但是如果我和她一起去。我就不能上这门课了。will将要；won't将不（等于will not）；can能够。根据But if I go with her（但是如果我和她一起去）可知，如果同意和她一起就不能上这门课。故选B。
（5）副词辨析。句意：永远做正确的事。always总是，永远；hardly几乎不；never从不。根据句意结合选项可知，妈妈告诉她要永远做正确的事。故选A。
（6）名词辨析。句意：她最终做出了正确的决定。decision决定；plan计划；invitation邀请。make the decision"做决定"，固定短语。故选A。
（7）动词辨析。句意：她建议格蕾丝也去上这门课。expected期待；sent发送；advised建议。根据后文We'd better take the class，（我们最好上这门课，）可知，她建议格蕾丝去上课。advise sb.to do sth."建议某人做某事"固定短语。故选C。
（8）名词辨析。句意：放学后我们有很多时间去散步，不是吗？walk散步；game游戏；meeting会议。根据上文Let's cut the class and go for a walk!（我们逃课去散散步吧！）可知，放学后有很多时间去散步。故选A。
（9）连词辨析。句意：我们最好上这门课，否则我们期末考试可能会不及格。though虽然，尽管；if如果，是否；or或者，否则。根据we will probably fail the final exam（我们期末考试可能会不及格）可知，最好上这门课，否则可能期末考试会不及格。故选C。
（10）副词辨析。句意：最后，两个女孩坐在地理教室里认真听老师讲课。beautifully漂亮地；carefully认真地；comfortably舒服地。根据句意可知，应是认真地听地理老师讲课。故选B。
这段短文主要讲述了凯伦在面对格雷斯的邀请时，纠结于是否应该逃课去散步。她最终决定听从妈妈的教诲，做出正确的选择，并劝说格雷斯一起上课。最后，她们坐在地理课堂上认真听讲。读者被问及是否有类似的经历，以及他们会如何应对。
首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
11~15.【答案】C、D、C、B、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段During the Han Dynasty，there was a historian （史官） named Sima Qian.（汉朝的时候，有一个叫司马迁的历史学家。）可知司马迁是史学家。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段It said that the general （将军） Li Ling had given in （投降） to the enemy.The emperor was very angry with Li Ling.（据说李陵将军向敌人投降了。皇帝对李玲很生气。）可知因为李陵向敌人投降了。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段I believe he is waiting for another chance to attack.（我相信他正在等待下一次进攻的机会。）可知李陵可能在等待下一次进攻的机会。故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据第四段I will first finish the history book that I am writing.（我要先完成我正在写的历史书。）和第五段Later，Sima Qian did finish the book，Records of the Grand Historian 《史记》.（后来，司马迁完成了《史记》。）可知司马迁后来继续完成了他的工作。故选B。
（5）推理判断题。根据第四段Sima Qian felt so humiliated （受辱的） that he once wanted to kill himself.But in a letter to his friend，he wrote，"If I were to die now，it would be like one of nine cows losing one hair.I don't want to die like a nobody.I will first finish the history book that I am writing."（司马迁感到非常屈辱，一度想自杀。但在给朋友的一封信中，他写道："如果我现在死了，就像九头牛中的一头掉了一根头发一样。我不想像个无名小卒一样死去。我要先完成我正在写的历史书。"）可知司马迁意志坚强，工作勤奋。。故选D。
这个故事主要讲述了一个水滴在大海中的故事。在汉朝时期，有一位叫司马迁的历史学家。一天，皇帝收到了来自中国北方的消息，说将军李陵向敌人投降了。皇帝对李陵非常生气，但司马迁却一言不发。皇帝问司马迁对此事有何看法，他回答说："敌人有三万士兵，而李陵只有五千人。他已经奋战了十多天，只是因为粮食耗尽才投降。我相信他在等待另一个进攻的机会。"听到这些话，皇帝更加生气，判处司马迁阉割。司马迁感到非常羞辱，曾经想过自杀。但在给朋友的信中，他写道："如果我现在死了，就像九头牛掉了一根毛一样。我不想像一个无名小卒一样死去。我要先完成我正在写的历史书。"后来，司马迁确实完成了《史记》这本书，它成为中国历史上最著名的书之一。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
16~19.【答案】B、B、D、D
【解析】细节理解题。
（1）根据文中Sam中的Thank you for asking me to play soccer with you.（谢谢你邀请我和你一起踢足球。），Sandy中的Thank you very much for inviting me to your birthday party on Friday.（非常感谢你邀请我参加你星期五的生日聚会。）和Lucy中的Thanks for your invitation.（谢谢你的邀请。）可知，Nancy 收到了三个邀请，故选：B。
（2）根据Sandy中的Thank you very much for inviting me to your birthday party on Friday.（非常感谢你邀请我参加你星期五的生日聚会。）可知，Sandy将举办一个生日聚会，故选：B。
（3）根据Sandy中的Thank you very much for inviting me to your birthday party on Friday.I'd love to come，but I have to go to New York that day.（非常感谢你邀请我参加你星期五的生日聚会。我很想来，但那天我必须去纽约。）可知，Nancy 将于星期五去纽约，故选：D。
（4）根据Lucy中的I'd love to go to your house for dinner on Thursday.But I have to get my things ready for travelling.（我很想星期四去你家吃晚饭。但我必须准备好旅行的东西。）可知，Nancy星期四要为旅行做好准备，故选：D。
（5）根据Rose中的Would you like to come to my house for dinner tonight？（今晚你愿意来我家吃饭吗）可知，这与D选项"Nancy邀请Rose来她家吃饭。"描述相符，D是正确的，故选：D。
短文主要写了Nancy收到了三个邀请，但因为有其他安排而无法参加。她表示感谢并提出其他时间的建议。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
20~24.【答案】C、D、D、B、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段To keep healthy，many people go to work on foot.（为了保持健康，许多人步行去上班。）可知，这是人们步行上班的原因。排除A选项；根据When they start walking，they open the step counter app（计步程序）in their phones to record（记录）how many steps they walk that day.（当他们开始走路时，他们会打开手机里的计步程序，记录他们当天走了多少步。）可知，在讲述计步器应用的使用。排除B选项；再根据After a day's walk，some people show the number on WeChat or Weibo.This can make them learn from each other and keep exercising.（在走了一天的路之后，有些人会在微信或微博上晒数字。这可以让他们互相学习，保持锻炼。）可知，在解释为什么他们会在网上晒这个数字。只有C选项"他们在哪些地方使用这个应用程序"第二段未提及。故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句We are in the same group to encourage each other to keep exercising.（我们在同一个群里，互相......坚持锻炼。）结合选项可知，是指互相鼓励。所以划线词意为"鼓励"。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段Recording the steps helps people develop a good habit of walking and showing the number can make people more interested in walking.（记录步数可以帮助人们养成走路的好习惯，晒步数可以让人们对走路更感兴趣。）可知，作者认为晒步数会让人们对走路更感兴趣，就会促使人们多去走路。故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据第三段"This helps me to exercise much and keep a good habit，" Miss Liu said."I can also talk about how to keep healthy with my friends on WeChat.We are in the same group to encourage each other to keep exercising."（这有助于我多锻炼，保持一个好习惯，"刘小姐说。"我也可以在微信上和朋友们谈论如何保持健康。我们在同一个群里，互相鼓励，坚持锻炼。"）以及第四段"After I use the step count er app，everything is different.It's great to exercise with my friends.Sometimes there are prizes（奖品）for those who walk more steps.I really like it，"he said.（"在我使用步数程序之后，一切都不一样了。和我的朋友一起锻炼很好。有时候，走得多的人会得到奖品。我真的很喜欢，"他说。）可知，刘小姐和吴先生喜欢和他们的朋友一起锻炼。故选B。
（5）主旨大意题。根据第一段Now showing the number of steps（步）is becoming popular too.（现在晒步数也变得流行起来。）以及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了人们喜欢在网上晒步数的现象及其原因。故选A。
本文主要讲述了人们喜欢在网上晒步数的现象及其原因。
答阅读题时，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络，然后在文章中找到对应的信息，再和选项作对比，得出正确答案。
25~29.【答案】B、A、B、A、A
【解析】细节判断题。
（1）根据第二段Once one of his uncles found a fine horse and sent it to him.（有一次，他的一个叔叔找到了一匹好马，送给了他。）可知，马是叔叔送的，不是爸爸送的。故选B。
（2）根据第二段Soon it started looking weak（虚弱的）and sick.For the first time Charlie became truly worried，but he didn't know what to do.（很快，它开始看起来很虚弱，像是生病了。查理第一次真正担心起来，但他不知道该怎么办。）可知，当查理发现马生病时，他感到很担心。故选A。
（3）根据最后一段To thank the girl，he gave her some of his own toys.（为了感谢这个女孩，他把自己的一些玩具送给了她。）可知，送了一些玩具，而不是"全部玩具"。故选B。
（4）根据第二段However，he treated the horse as badly as all his toys.（然而，他对待马就像对待他所有的玩具一样糟糕。）可知，查理过去对他的马和玩具很不好。故选A。
（5）根据最后一段He learned how to repair and care for the toys，so he could really enjoy playing with them.（他学会了如何修理和照顾玩具，所以他可以真正享受和它们一起玩。）可知，这个故事告诉我们应该善待周围的人和事。故选A。
本文主要讲述了富有的男孩查理拥有许多玩具，但对待玩具和马都很不好。直到他看到一个贫穷的女孩如何善待马后，他才意识到自己应该如何照顾自己的马。最后为了感谢女孩，他送给她一些自己的玩具，并学会了修理和照顾玩具。
答此类阅读题时，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络，然后在文章中找到对应的信息，再和题干作对比，判断正误。
30.【答案】【小题1】He loved his son very much.
【小题2】He asked the boy to go to the river and fill the bowl with water.
【小题3】If no water is spilt when you come back，I will tell you about it
【小题4】你注意到路旁美丽的花朵和树上唱歌的鸟儿了吗？
【小题5】The secret of happiness is to enjoy the beauty of the world and never forget our dream in our heart.
【解析】（1）汉译英题。他He，位于句首，单词首字母大写；非常very much；喜爱loved，根据Once upon a time（很久以前）可知，时态为一般过去时，love的过去式是loved；他的儿子his son。故填He loved his son very much.
（2）细节理解题。根据第一段When the old man knew about this，he gave the boy an empty bowl and asked him to go to the river and fill the bowl with water.（当老人知道这件事时，他给了男孩一个空碗，让他去河边把碗装满水。）可知，老人叫男孩去河边把碗装满水。故填He asked the boy to go to the river and fill the bowl with water.
（3）找同义句题。根据题干句子I won't tell you unless the bowl is full when you returned.（除非你回来时碗已经满了，否则我不会告诉你。）可知，文中第一段最后一句If no water is spilt when you come back，I will tell you about it.（如果你回来的时候，水没有溢出，我就告诉你。）含义与之相同。故填If no water is spilt when you come back，I will tell you about it.
（4）英译汉题。Did you notice你注意到......了吗？；the beautiful flowers美丽的花朵；along the road路旁；and和；the birds鸟儿；singing唱歌；in the trees在树上。故填：你注意到路旁美丽的花朵和树上唱歌的鸟儿了吗？
（5）主旨大意题。根据最后一段Enjoy the beauty of the world，but never forget your dream in your heart.This is the secret of happiness.（享受世界的美丽，但永远不要忘记你心中的梦想。这就是幸福的秘诀。）可知，从这个故事中我们知道了幸福的秘诀就是要享受世界的美丽，永远不要忘记我们心中的梦想。故填The secret of happiness is to enjoy the beauty of the world and never forget our dream in our heart.
本文主要讲述了一位聪明的老人通过叫男孩去河边把碗装满水，从而告诉他什么是幸福的秘诀。
这是个综合型阅读题，题目中有翻译题、也有问答题，主要考查学生的阅读理解能力及知识运用能力。
31.【答案】【小题1】interesting
【小题2】walking
【小题3】The
【小题4】knows
【小题5】But
【小题6】first
【小题7】tell
【小题8】herself
【小题9】In
【小题10】friends
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：但你知道吗，实际上有很多关于他的有趣的故事。根据____stories（____故事），可知修饰名词应使用形容词，interesting有趣的，符合句意。故填interesting。
（2）考查现在分词。句意：一天下午，爱因斯坦下班步行回家，而一个12岁的女孩也放学步行回家。根据空格前的系动词was，可知本句为过去进行时，结构为was+现在分词。故填walking。
（3）考查冠词。句意：这个女孩不时地惊讶地看着他。根据前文a 12-year-old girl （一个12岁的女孩），可知此处是指前文当中提到的12岁女孩，表示特指用定冠词。故填The。
（4）考查动词。句意：每个人都知道爱因斯坦是一个天才。根据I don't believe you（我不相信你），可知直接引语中用一般现在时，主语是everyone，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填knows。
（5）考查连词。句意：但你衣服穿反了，所以你不可能很聪明。根据 Einstein is a genius（爱因斯坦是个天才）...you're wearing your sweater backwards，so you can't be very clever.（你衣服穿反了，所以你不可能很聪明。）可知此处表转折。故填But。
（6）考查序数词。句意：你是第一个对我诚实的人。根据句意可知，此处应使用序数词first，表示"第一个"。故填first。
（7）考查动词。句意：很高兴听到有人告诉我关于我长相的真话。hear的结构为hear sb.do sth.听见某人做了某事，hear sb.doing sth.听见某人正在做某事，根据句意可知应该是听见某人说了真话很高兴。故填tell。
（8）考查反身代词。句意：从那天起，女孩经常在放学后独自去爱因斯坦家拜访他。by oneself独自，固定搭配。故填herself。
（9）考查介词。句意：作为回报，我帮助她做数学作业。in return作为回报，固定搭配。故填In。
（10）考查名词。句意：即使和爱因斯坦这样的伟人交朋友也很容易。make friends交朋友，固定搭配。故填friends。
这篇短文主要讲述了爱因斯坦的一些有趣故事。其中一个下午，爱因斯坦在回家的路上遇到了一个12岁的女孩，女孩对他的样子感到惊讶。女孩不相信他是爱因斯坦，因为他穿着毛衣穿反了，觉得他不可能是个聪明人。爱因斯坦笑了起来，对女孩说她是第一个对他如此诚实的人。从那天起，女孩经常放学后去爱因斯坦家拜访他。女孩的妈妈问爱因斯坦为什么会和她的女儿呆在一起那么久，爱因斯坦解释说女孩对他的外貌诚实，并且给他带来饼干，作为回报，他帮助她做数学作业。这篇短文告诉我们，与伟大的人建立友谊很容易，只要对他人真诚即可。
语法填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答。对于同义词和近义词的选项，在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别注意这些同义词和近义词搭配。
32.【答案】Wonderful time in Zhangjiajie I'm having a wonderful time here in Zhangjiajie.（引入话题） Zhangjiajie is very large，about 480 square kilometres.It's famous for the strange shapes of its huge rocks.【高分句型一】（张家界的总体介绍）
Last night we camped by a small lake.During the night we heard a noise!It woke everybody up.We came out without making any noise，and found it was just a hungry monkey looking for food.【高分句型二】（昨晚的经历）
This morning，we climbed Mount Tianzi!It was a pity that it was cloudy.We could only see the mountain tops above the clouds.（今天的旅游的景点）
Tomorrow we're going to Dongting Lake，the second-largest lake in China.Zhangjiajie is really a great place to travel.
【解析】【高分句型一】
It's famous for the strange shapes of its huge rocks.它以其巨大岩石的奇特形状而闻名。
be famous for以……而闻名，固定短语。
【高分句型二】
We came out without making any noise，and found it was just a hungry monkey looking for food.我们没有发出任何声音就出来了，发现那只是一只饥饿的猴子在寻找食物。
found是动词find的过去式，后接宾语从句。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
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