江西省重点中学盟校2023届高三英语第二次联考试卷（Word版附解析）

这是一份江西省重点中学盟校2023届高三英语第二次联考试卷（Word版附解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了考试结束后，将答题卡上交等内容，欢迎下载使用。

江西省重点中学盟校2023届高三第二次联考试卷
英语
考试时间：120分钟 试卷分值：150分
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。.
3.回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
4.考试结束后，将答题卡上交。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅
读一遍。
1. How did the woman plan to get to work today?
A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By car.
2. What is the man doing?
A. Asking for information. B. Making a complaint. C. Do some cleaning.
3. What will the man do first?
A. Fetch his clothes. B. Visit Jim’s house. C. Canceling a tour.
4. How much profit did the man earn per sale last year?
A. 20%. B. 15%. C. 10%.
5. Why is the man making so much noise?
A. He is fixing the furniture. B. He is decorating the room. C. He is moving the furniture.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6和7题。
6. What is the woman’s problem?
A. She has a toothache. B. She has a headache. C. She has a stomachache.
7. What does the man offer to do for the woman?
A. Get her some medicine. B. Prepare some food for her. C. Drive her to the hospital.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. How does the man sound at first?
A. Frightened B. Exhausted. C. Impatient.
9. What is the woman likely to do next?
A. Return to the hotel. B. Sunbathe on the beach. C. Go surfing.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How many vacation days does the woman have?
A. Three days. B. Five days. C. Seven days.
11. Where are the speakers going first?
A. To Mount Kilimanjaro. B. To Victoria Falls. C. To the Great Rift Valley.
12. Which transportation is the woman probably unwilling to take?
A. The plane. B. The ship. C. The train.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where did the girl probably take her class this morning?
A. In the classroom. B. In the playground. C. On the farm.
14. What did the girl do in Mr. Garcia’s class?
A. She picked fruits. B. She removed weeds. C. She planted crops.
15. Why did the girl feel unhappy?
A. The man blamed her for wasting food.
B. She felt ashamed of her bad habits.
C. Some students neglected the labor class.
16. Which word can best describe Mr. Garcia?
A. Principled. B. Modest. C. Easy-going.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What percentage of the people surveyed ate light food 2 to 4 times a week?
A. 94.9%. B. 60.0%. C. 55.7%.
18. Why does Lu often eat light meals?
A. To save time. B. To lose weight. C. To get adequate nutrition.
19. Which Chinese university started selling light meals in its canteen?
A. Sichuan Normal University. B. Yunnan University. C. Peking University.
20. Where does Zhang Jie work?
A. In an investment company. B. In a famous restaurant. C. In a food company.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
One of the most beautiful and fantastic destinations to visit is a beach. The tranquility and comfort at the beach are unmatched. It is hard to list the top beaches in the world because tourists have diverse tastes. This article highlights some of the most gorgeous beaches to visit in the world.
Nungwi Beach, Tanzania:
Nungwi is a popular beach location on the Tanzanian island of Zanzibar, located at the island’s northwestern tip. Nungwi Beach has beautiful features such as lovely clean waves from something like the Indian Ocean and smooth whites and. It is also known for its crystal blue waters and exotic flora and fauna. It has amazing sunset views, and all restaurants and clubs on the beach are open until late hours. On the powdery sand, you can take in the ocean scenery while participating in other beach activities.
White-haven Beach, Queensland, Australia:
The largest beach in the Whitsundays is White-haven; this gorgeous beach is incomparable in Australia. This beach has beautiful whites and that is 98 percent pure silica. It makes the sand incredibly smooth and delicate. Even on days when the weather is very hot, walking barefoot is comfortable because it doesn’t absorb heat like other types of sand beaches do. Travelers really do need to take the opportunity to visit this beach.
Pink Sand Beach, Harbour Island, The Bahamas:
On Harbour Island in the Bahamas is the pinks and beach. Because of its pink sands, this beach is very attractive and unique. A microscopic organism with a reddish-pink shell known as a foraminifera (有孔虫类) is the source of the pinks and beach’s color on Harbour Island in the Bahamas. Swimming in this beach is slightly safer because the blue water in this area is usually calm and shallow due to the protection provided by the surrounding beaches.
1. What can we learn about the three beaches?
A. Nungwi Beach is famous only for its clean waves.
B. You can enjoy late night activities on White-haven Beach.
C. Among the three beaches, Pink Sand Beach is the most attractive.
D. It still feels good to walk barefoot on White-haven Beach even on hot days.
2. What made the Pink Sand Beach special?
A. Its pink sands and cooling weather. B. Its pink and smooth sands.
C. Its pink sands and less dangerous water. D. Its pink sands and blue water.
3. Where can the text be found?
A. In an advertisement. B. In a travel brochure.
C. In a geography book. D. In a fashion magazine
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了世界上一些最美丽的海滩。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据White-haven Beach, Queensland, Australia:部分中“Even on days when the weather is very hot, walking barefoot is comfortable because it doesn’t absorb heat like other types of sand beaches do.(即使在天气很热的日子里，赤脚走路也很舒服，因为它不像其他类型的沙滩那样吸收热量)”可知，即使在大热天赤脚走在白天堂海滩上也感觉很好。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Pink Sand Beach, Harbour Island, The Bahamas:部分中“Because of its pink sands, this beach is very attractive and unique.(因为它的粉色沙子，这个海滩非常有吸引力和独特)”和“Swimming in this beach is slightly safer because the blue water in this area is usually calm and shallow due to the protection provided by the surrounding beaches.(在这个海滩游泳稍微安全一些，因为由于周围海滩的保护，这个地区的蓝色海水通常是平静而浅的)”可知，粉红沙滩的特殊之处在于其粉色的沙子和相对安全的水域，故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“This article highlights some of the most gorgeous beaches to visit in the world.(这篇文章重点介绍了世界上最美丽的海滩)”可知，文章主要介绍了一些世界上最美丽的海滩，是有关旅游的，应是出自一本旅游手册，故选B。
B
In 2018, Su Yiming, a 14-year-old native of north easter China, was faced with a difficult decision: Pursue a promising career as an actor, or cast it aside and go all in on snowboarding, in a country where most people had never seen a snowboard. At the time, Su was fast becoming an established name in China’s film industry. He had starred as a village boy seeking revenge for his father’s death in a critically acclaimed war movie, and appeared in several more television dramas.
But with the 2022 Winter Olympics approaching, the teenager saw an opportunity. “Snowboarding was something I enjoyed the most, and this was a chance to take part in my own home country,” said Su, then 17. Su’s gamble (冒险) paid off. Three days short of his 18th birthday, Su took gold in the big air snowboarding event, writing history for the Olympic host nation by winning the country’s first gold medal in the event. “It’s my happiest moment when I stand on the snowboard. No matter how long I train, even for seven or eight hours in a row, joy to me. Love is what has been supporting me all the time.” Su said.
“I had always dreamed about what it would be like to stand on the podium (领奖台) of the Olympics, and today, I did it,” Su said. Together with the freestyle skier Gu Ailing, who is one year his senior, Su is among the most popular athletes for the Olympic host nation.
In an interview with media, Su’s father said his son always had an affinity with snow, a connection that began the day his son was born in February 2004. “There was a heavy snowstorm that day. Cars couldn’t move on the streets,” the father recalled. Sus father said his son loved snowboarding so much that, even in elementary school, the younger Su would set aside three days a week to train.
4. What do we know about Su Yiming?
A. He used to be a famous child actor. B. He had a miserable childhood.
C. He took gold on his eighteenth birthday. D. He is senior to Gu Ailing by one year.
5. Which of the following best describes Su Yiming?
A. Smart and sensitive B. Diligent and honest
C Enthusiastic and determined D. Adventurous and stubborn
6. What can we infer from Su’s father’s words?
A. Su was born to be associated with snow.
B. Su was caught in a snowstorm when he was born.
C. Su trained four days a week in elementary school.
D. Su was influenced by his father’s connection with snow.
7. What lesson can we get from Su’s story?
A. Rome is not built in a day.
B. Constant dripping wears away a stone.
C. Nothing is impossible if you put your heart into it.
D. Passion and desire can pave the way for dream realization.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍中国单板滑雪运动员苏翊鸣的成长经历。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“At the time, Su was fast becoming an established name in China’s film industry. He had starred as a village boy seeking revenge for his father’s death in a critically acclaimed war movie, and appeared in several more television dramas. (当时，苏很快成为中国电影界的知名人物。他曾在一部广受好评的战争电影中饰演一个为父亲复仇的乡村男孩，还出演了几部电视剧。)”可知苏翊鸣曾经是个著名的童星。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“But with the 2022 Winter Olympics approaching, the teenager saw an opportunity. “Snowboarding was something I enjoyed the most, and this was a chance to take part in my own home country,” said Su, then 17. Su’s gamble (冒险) paid off. (当时17岁的苏说：“单板滑雪是我最喜欢的运动，这是一个在我自己的祖国参加冬奥会的机会。”苏赌赢了。)”可知苏是有决心的，以及下文““It’s my happiest moment when I stand on the snowboard. No matter how long I train, even for seven or eight hours in a row, joy to me. Love is what has been supporting me all the time.” Su said. (“站在滑雪板上是我最开心的时刻。无论我训练多长时间，即使是连续七八个小时，我都很高兴。对这项运动的热爱一直支持着我。”苏说。)”可知苏非常热爱单板滑雪这项运动，故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“In an interview with media, Su’s father said his son always had an affinity with snow, a connection that began the day his son was born in February 2004. “There was a heavy snowstorm that day. Cars couldn’t move on the streets,” the father recalled. Sus father said his son loved snowboarding so much that, even in elementary school, the younger Su would set aside three days a week to train. (在接受媒体采访时，苏的父亲表示，他的儿子一直与雪有着密切的联系，这种联系始于2004年2月他儿子出生的那一天。“那天下了一场暴风雪。汽车不能在街上行驶，”父亲回忆道。苏的父亲说，他的儿子非常喜欢单板滑雪，甚至在小学的时候，小苏每周都会抽出三天的时间来训练。)”可推断苏一出生就和雪联系在一起。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其第二段“But with the 2022 Winter Olympics approaching, the teenager saw an opportunity. “Snowboarding was something I enjoyed the most, and this was a chance to take part in my own home country,” said Su, then 17. Su’s gamble (冒险) paid off. Three days short of his 18th birthday, Su took gold in the big air snowboarding event, writing history for the Olympic host nation by winning the country’s first gold medal in the event. “It’s my happiest moment when I stand on the snowboard. No matter how long I train, even for seven or eight hours in a row, joy to me. Love is what has been supporting me all the time.” Su said. (但随着2022年冬奥会的临近，这位少年看到了一个机会。当时17岁的苏说：“单板滑雪是我最喜欢的运动，这是一个在我自己的祖国参加冬奥会的机会。”苏赌赢了。离他18岁生日还有三天，苏在大型空中单板滑雪项目中获得金牌，为奥运主办国赢得了该国在该项目上的第一枚金牌，创造了历史。“站在滑雪板上是我最开心的时刻。无论我训练多长时间，即使是连续七八个小时，我都很高兴。对这项运动的热爱一直支持着我。”苏说。) ”可知对滑雪板的激情和热爱是他实现奥运会冠军梦想的基础，故选D。
C
The last Wednesday in August marks Spain’s messiest festival. Held in Buñol, 40km west of Valencia, La Tomatina is a tomato-throwing spectacle that draws more than 20, 000 tourists each year.
There are a number of stories related to its beginning of this festival but no one knows for sure the exact origin. One story states a fight between the locals and the city councilmen over an issue, forced the locals to throw tomatoes at the councilmen. The event somehow transformed from a method to display anger to one of fun and entertainment and year after year, the “tomato fight” began to attract the public of Buñol.
On the day of the festival, trucks arrive at the center of town, carrying truckloads of tomatoes belonging to the relatively cheaper kind. The trucks then empty the tomatoes on the streets to be picked up by the participants. The tomato-throwing often starts at about 11 a. m. People pick up the tomatoes on the streets, throwing tomatoes at each other. Certain rules apply during this period. People are expected to squash the tomatoes before throwing to minimize the chances of injury and no other objects except for tomatoes can be used in the play. After the tomato throwing ends, cleaning operations begin. The town authorities get busy cleaning the streets while local residents often help the tourists clean themselves with water from pipes. Many take dips in locals’ pools and rivers to clean themselves.
Over the past years tourists in Buñol have heavily increased due to the increasing popularity of La Tomatina. However, such a huge gathering in a small town center is believed to be a risk to people. This has forced the government to regulate the number of participants at the festival to 20,000. An entry fee has also been charged while free passes are kept for the locals. Safety officials, police forces and ambulance services are also kept ready to meet any emergency needs during the festival.
8. Which of the following is true about La Tomatina?
A. It is an international event celebrated each year.
B. It originates from a fight among the councilmen.
C. There are various ways to celebrate it nowadays.
D. No one knows when and why it was celebrated first.
9. What rule are the participants supposed to follow?
A. Using other objects besides tomatoes. B. Emptying the tomatoes from the trucks.
C. Squashing the tomatoes before throwing. D. Cleaning the streets after the tomato fight.
10. Why did the government control the number of the participants?
A. To reduce the waste of fresh tomatoes.
B. To ensure the safety of people present.
C. To meet increasing emergency needs.
D. To respond to the request from local residents.
11. What is the best title for the text?
A. La Tomatina — a unique annual festival.
B. Buñol, Spain — an appealing travel destination.
C. Tomato Fight — a special cultural phenomenon.
D. Tomato-throwing — away of displaying anger.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍西班牙一年一度的番茄大战的相关情况。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段中的“There are a number of stories related to its beginning of this festival but no one knows for sure the exact origin. One story states a fight between the locals and the city councilmen over an issue, forced the locals to throw tomatoes at the councilmen. (有很多故事与这个节日的开始有关，但没有人确切知道它确切的起源。有一个故事说，当地人和市议员之间因为一个问题发生了争执，迫使当地人向市议员扔西红柿)”可知，关于番茄大战，没有人知道它是何时以及为什么首先被庆祝的。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段中的“People are expected to squash the tomatoes before throwing to minimize the chances of injury and no other objects except for tomatoes can be used in the play. (人们应该在投掷前将西红柿压扁，以最大限度地减少受伤的机会，除西红柿外，游戏中不得使用其他物体)”可知，参与者应该遵守“扔西红柿之前先把西红柿压扁”的规则。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。由最后一段中的“However, such a huge gathering in a small town center is believed to be a risk to people. This has forced the government to regulate the number of participants at the festival to 20,000. (然而，在一个小镇中心举行如此大规模的集会被认为对人们来说是一种风险。这迫使政府将节日的参与者人数限制在2万人以内)”和“Safety officials, police forces and ambulance services are also kept ready to meet any emergency needs during the festival. (安全官员、警察部队和救护车服务部门也随时准备满足节日期间的任何紧急需求)”可知，政府要控制参与者的数量是因为要确保在场人员的安全。故选B项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。由第一段中的“Held in Buñol, 40km west of Valencia, La Tomatina is a tomato-throwing spectacle that draws more than 20, 000 tourists each year. (番茄大战在巴伦西亚以西40公里的布尼奥尔举行，是一场投掷番茄的奇观，每年吸引超过2万名游客)”和下文关于番茄大战的活动内容可知，文章主要介绍西班牙一年一度的番茄大战的相关情况。由此可知，A项“番茄大战——一个独特的年度节日”适合作本文最佳标题。故选A项。
D
If you consider yourself reasonably intelligent and educated, you might assume that you have a fair grasp on the core ways the world works. Now, think about the following questions: How are rainbows formed? Why can sunny days be colder than cloudy days? How does a helicopter fly? When it comes to giving a detailed answer to these questions, most people are completely stumped — just as you maybe, too.
This bias is known as an “illusion (幻觉) of knowledge”. You may think that these specific examples are the kinds of questions, after all, that a child might ask you, where the worst consequence maybe a red face in front of your family. But illusions of knowledge can affect our judgement in many domains. Further research has shown that having online resources at our fingertips may feed our overconfidence, as we mistake the wealth of knowledge on the Internet for our own memories.
These illusions of knowledge can have important consequences. Overconfidence in your knowledge may mean that you prepare less for an interview or presentation. Overconfidence maybe a particular problem when you are aiming for promotion. When observing people from a far, you might assume you know what the job takes, and that you have already absorbed the necessary skills. Once you have started the job, however, you may discover that there was much more to the role than met the eye.
What can people do to avoid these traps? One solution is simple: Test yourself. If you are appraising your capacity to perform an unfamiliar task, for instance, don’t just rely on a vague idea of what it would involve Instead, take a bit more time to think carefully through the steps that you would have to take to achieve the goal. You may find that there are huge gaps in your knowledge that you need to fill before you put yourself forward.
Given the potential of technological crutches to inflate confidence in your knowledge, you could also check your online habits. You could briefly pause and try your hardest to remember a fact before starting an Internet search. It requires a willingness to be puzzled. You have to feel your ignorance, which can be uncomfortable.
12. What does the underlined word “stumped” in paragraph 1 probably mean?
A. frightened B. confused C. thrilled D. astonished
13. According to further study, why do we feel too confident?
A. We take the online information as our own knowledge.
B. We consider the online information specific.
C. We acknowledge the Internet to be convenient.
D. We assume the Internet to be rich in knowledge.
14. What is the main idea of the third paragraph?
A. The preparation for an interview. B. Necessary skills in hunting a job.
C. A special problem of promotion. D. Results of “illusion of knowledge”
15. What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To entertain readers with interesting questions.
B. To show readers how to test their own capacity.
C. To introduce the “illusion of knowledge” to readers.
D. To convince readers of the importance of confidence.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了知识幻觉以及它的后果和如何避免这样的问题。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段“This bias is known as an “illusion (幻觉) of knowledge”. You may think that these specific examples are the kinds of questions, after all, that a child might ask you, where the worst consequence maybe a red face in front of your family. (这种偏见被称为“知识幻觉”。你可能会认为这些具体的例子是孩子可能会问你的问题，而最糟糕的后果可能是在你的家人面前脸红。)”可推断上文意思是大多数人都会被那些问题难住了——就像你一样，所以可推测 “stumped” 意为“难住”，A. frightened使害怕；B. confused使困惑；C. thrilled激动；D. astonished使惊讶，故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。 根据第二段“Further research has shown that having online resources at our fingertips may feed our overconfidence, as we mistake the wealth of knowledge on the Internet for our own memories. (进一步的研究表明，唾手可得的网络资源可能会助长我们的过度自信，因为我们把互联网上的知识财富误认为是我们自己的记忆。)”可知，进一步的研究表明了我们把网上的信息当作自己的知识。故选A。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全段，尤其第一句“These illusions of knowledge can have important consequences. (这些对知识的幻觉会产生重要的结果。)”可知，第三段主要讲述“知识幻觉”的结果。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文。尤其第二段第一句“This bias is known as an “illusion (幻觉) of knowledge”. (这种偏见被称为“知识幻觉”。)”，第三段第一句“These illusions of knowledge can have important consequences. (这些对知识的错觉会产生重要的结果。) ”和第四段第一句“What can people do to avoid these traps? (人们怎样才能避免这些陷阱呢?)”可知，文章主要介绍了知识幻觉以及它的后果和如何避免这样的问题。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Years of observing people at college and at work have led us to discover some specific reasons why many people are unable to learn quickly and efficiently. ___16___:
Struggle to Start Learning Something From Scratch
As you’ve probably experienced yourself, sometimes when wanting to learn something new, ___17___. For example, you might have wanted to learn how to play chess, but didn’t know the best way to start this. So you tried learning from multiple sources at the same time: books, videos, friends and family members.
The problem with this scattered approach is that you will find it hard to focus and you’ll inevitably be given conflicting advice ― which is unhelpful when you’re starting out.
___18___
Think back for a moment to when you were at school. I’m sure there were endless times when you were taught things by teachers only for you to forget the information within weeks, days or even minutes!
And of course, ___19___. How many times have you been in meetings where important things have been said only for half the attendees to forget the details soon after the meeting concluded?
Struggle to Put What You’ve Learned Into Practice
___20___. They spend all their time learning theory, but never put anything into practice.
For example, consider for a moment how people learn to ride a bicycle. In most cases, a parent or elder sibling would tell you the steps you need to take to successfully get on and begin riding a bike. However, it’s only when you attempt to ride a bike for the first time that the real learning begins!
A. Struggle to Recall What You’ve Learned
B. you find yourself not knowing where to start
C. Here are some tips for you to overcome learning blockers
D. this problem continues from education into the workplace
E. you are not the only one who tends to forget what you’ve learned
F. See if you can spot yourself in any or all of these learning blockers
G. This is one of the most common reasons for people failing to learn new things
【答案】16. F 17. B 18. A 19. D 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是人们不能快速而有效地学习的一些具体原因。
【16题详解】
分析语篇可知，此空处应是引出下文，根据上文中的“Years of observing people at college and at work have led us to discover some specific reasons why many people are unable to learn quickly and efficiently.(通过对大学和工作中人们的多年观察，我们发现了许多人无法快速有效地学习的一些具体原因)”可知，多年研究发现一些人们不能快速有效地学习的具体原因，由此可推断，此空处与“不能高校地学习”有关系，F选项“See if you can spot yourself in any or all of these learning blockers(看看你是否能发现自己在这些学习障碍中)”讲述的是让读者看一下是否自己学习有下列的学习障碍，引出下文，同时内容与上文一致。故选F项。
【17题详解】
根据空后“For example, you might have wanted to learn how to play chess, but didn’t know the best way to start this.(例如，你可能想学习如何下棋，但不知道如何开始)”可知，想下棋却不知道哪一步开始走最好，根据“for example”可知，此空处应与所举的例子内容一致，为“做一件事情不知如何开始”，B选项“you find yourself not knowing where to start(你发现自己不知道从哪里开始)”讲述的内容与空后内容吻合，且与本段主题句“Struggle to Start Learning Something From Scratch(努力从头开始学习)”一致。故选B项。
【18题详解】
分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的主题句，与其他段落主题句均应为祈使句，根据空后的“Think back for a moment to when you were at school.(回想一下你在学校的时候)”可知，本段讲述的内容应与“回忆过去”相关，A选项“Struggle to Recall What You’ve Learned(努力回忆你学到的东西)”概括了本段的内容，且为祈使句。故选A项。
【19题详解】
根据上一段中的“I’m sure there were endless times when you were taught things by teachers only for you to forget the information within weeks, days or even minutes!(我敢肯定，有无数次，老师教你的东西，结果你在几周、几天甚至几分钟内就忘记了！)”可知，此处讲述的是回忆的是在上学时的情景，而空后“How many times have you been in meetings where important things have been said only for half the attendees to forget the details soon after the meeting concluded?(你有多少次参加过这样的会议:重要的事情被说了出来，只有一半的与会者在会议结束后不久就忘记了细节？)”讲述的内容是参加会议的情况，由此可知，此空处应为过渡句，将话题进入空后内容，D选项“this problem continues from education into the workplace(这个问题从教育延续到工作场所)”讲述的是这种问题从受教育持续到了工作，起到了承上启下的作用，符合题意。故选D项。
【20题详解】
根据本段主题句“Struggle to Put What You’ve Learned Into Practice(努力将所学知识付诸实践)”可知，很多人们在努力将所学付诸实践，结合空后“They spend all their time learning theory, but never put anything into practice.(他们把所有的时间都花在学习理论上，但从不把任何东西付诸实践)”可知，他们把时间都用在学习理论上，却没有实践任何东西，G选项“This is one of the most common reasons for people failing to learn new things(这是人们无法学习新事物的最常见原因之一)”中的this指代内容与主题句内容一致，且空后内容解释了“他们不学习新知识的原因”，所以G选项内容起到了一个过渡的作用。故选G项。
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In a small Italian town, hundreds of years ago, a small business owner borrowed a large sum of money from a loan-shark. The loan-shark was a clumsy, ___21___ looking guy that just happened to ___22___ the business owner’s daughter.
He decided to offer the businessman a ___23___ that he would completely wipe out the debt the businessman ___24___ him. However, the catch was that he would only wipe out the debt if he could ___25___ the businessman’s daughter. The loan-shark said that he would ___26___ two pebbles into a bag, one white and one black. The daughter would then have to ___27___ a pebble. If it was black, the debt would be ___28___, but the loan-shark would then marry her. If it was white, the debt would also be ignored, but the daughter wouldn’t have to marry the loan-shark.
Standing on a pebble-strewn path in the businessman’s garden, the loan-shark bent over and ___29___ two pebbles. When he was snatching them up, the daughter ____30____ that he’d put two black pebbles into the bag. He then asked the daughter to pick one. The ____31____ daughter naturally knew what she would do:
She ____32____ out a pebble from the bag, and before looking at it ____33____ dropped it into the midst of the other pebbles. She said to the loan-shark, “Oh, how clumsy of me. Never mind, if you look into the bag for the one that is ____34____, you will be able to ____35____ which pebble I picked.” The pebble left in the bag is obviously black. ____36____, because the loan-shark didn’t want to be ____37____, he had to play along ____38____ the pebble the daughter dropped was white, and wiped her father’s debt.
It’s always possible to overcome a ____39____ situation through out of the box thinking, and not ____40____ the only options you think you have to pick from.
21. A. charming B. ordinary C. unattractive D. strange
22. A. fancy B. envy C. reject D. ignore
23. A. method B. deal C. remark D. command
24. A. lent B. borrowed C. offered D. owed
25. A. marry B. consult C. meet D. model
26. A. place B. slide C. take D. bury
27. A. carry out B. reach for C. look for D. watch out
28. A. reduced B. increased C. cleared D. multiplied
29. A. swept up B. picked up C. took away D. broke away
30. A. doubted B. imagined C. reflected D. noticed
31. A. moody B. adorable C. clever D. greedy
32. A. looked B. drew C. tried D. burst
33. A. intentionally B. carefully C. angrily D. anxiously
34. A. lay B. lost C. gone D. left
35. A. inform B. watch C. tell D. admit
36. A. Consequently B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. However
37. A. declined B. scolded C. exposed D. condemned
38. A. as if B. even though C. in case D. now that
39. A. common B. current C. familiar D. tough
40. A. look out for B. give into C. let go of D. come up with
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一个放高利贷者企图利用在袋子里放黑色的石头的骗局骗一个女孩嫁给他，但这个女孩非常聪明，识破了骗局，成功地为自己和父亲夺回了自由。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：放高利贷者是一个笨手笨脚、长相难看的家伙，恰好看上了企业主的女儿。A. charming迷人的；B. ordinary普通的；C. unattractive难看的；D. strange奇怪的。呼应上文的“The loan-shark was a clumsy”可知，放高利贷者是一个笨手笨脚、长相难看的家伙。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：放高利贷者是一个笨手笨脚、长相难看的家伙，恰好看上了企业主的女儿。A. fancy爱慕(异性)；B. envy羡慕；C. reject拒绝；D. ignore忽视。由下文的“but the loan-shark would then marry her (但放高利贷者会娶她)”可知，放高利贷者恰好看上了企业主的女儿。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他决定向这位商人提供一笔交易，他会彻底清除这位商人欠他的债务。A. method方法；B. deal交易；C. remark评论；D. command命令。由下文的“he would completely wipe out the debt”可知，放高利贷者想和商人做交易。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他决定向这位商人提供一笔交易，他会彻底清除这位商人欠他的债务。A. lent借出；B. borrowed借入；C. offered提供；D. owed欠。由上文的“a small business owner borrowed a large sum of money from a loan-shark (一位小企业主向放高利贷者借了一大笔钱)”可知，商人欠放高利贷者一大笔钱。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，问题是，只有当他能娶到这位商人的女儿时，他才会清除债务。A. marry娶；B. consult咨询；C. meet遇见；D. model模型。由下文的“If it was black, the debt would be ___8___, but the loan-shark would then marry her. If it was white, the debt would also be ignored, but the daughter wouldn’t have to marry the loan-shark. (如果是黑色的，债务就会___8___，但放高利贷者会娶她。如果是白色的，债务也会被忽略，但女儿不必嫁给高利贷者)”可知，不管鹅卵石是什么颜色，债务都会被清除，区别在于放高利贷者是否娶商人的女儿。由此可知，放高利贷者能娶到这位商人的女儿时，他会清除商人欠他的债务。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：放高利贷者说，他会把两块鹅卵石放进一个袋子里，一块是白色的，另一块是黑色的。A. place放置；B. slide滑动；C. take带走；D. bury埋葬。由下文的“two pebbles into a bag”和“he’d put two black pebbles into the bag (他在袋子里放了两块黑色的鹅卵石)”可知，此处指把两块鹅卵石放进一个袋子里。故选A项。
27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后，女儿不得不伸手去拿一块鹅卵石。A. carry out实施；B. reach for伸手去取；C. look for寻找；D. watch out小心。由下文的“If it was black, the debt would be ___8___, but the loan-shark would then marry her. If it was white, the debt would also be ignored, but the daughter wouldn’t have to marry the loan-shark. (如果是黑色的，债务就会___8___，但放高利贷者会娶她。如果是白色的，债务也会被忽略，但女儿不必嫁给高利贷者)”可知，不管鹅卵石是什么颜色，债务都会被清除，区别在于放高利贷者是否娶商人的女儿，女儿不得不伸手去拿一块鹅卵石，看最终结果，呼应下文“He then asked the daughter to pick one. (然后他让商人的女儿选一个)”。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果是黑色的，债务就会还清，但放高利贷者会娶她。A. reduced减少；B. increased增加；C. cleared清除；D. multiplied成倍增加。由下文的“If it was white, the debt would also be ignored, but the daughter wouldn’t have to marry the loan-shark. (如果是白色的，债务也会被忽略，但女儿不必嫁给高利贷者)”可知，不管鹅卵石是什么颜色，债务都会被清除，区别在于放高利贷者是否娶商人的女儿。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：放高利贷者站在商人花园里一条布满鹅卵石的小路上，弯下腰捡起了两块鹅卵石。A. swept up打扫；B. picked up捡起；C. took away拿走；D. broke away挣脱。由上文的“Standing on a pebble-strewn path in the businessman’s garden, the loan-shark bent over”可知，此处指放高利贷者弯腰捡起了两块鹅卵石，来做交易。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他把它们抓起来的时候，女儿注意到他在袋子里放了两块黑色的鹅卵石。A. doubted怀疑；B. imagined想象；C. reflected反映；D. noticed注意到。由下文的“he’d put two black pebbles into the bag”可知，女儿注意到放高利贷者耍诈——在袋子里放了两块黑色的鹅卵石。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：聪明的女儿自然知道自己会做什么：A. moody令人悲伤的；B. adorable可爱的；C. clever聪明的；D. greedy贪婪的。由下文语境可知，商人的女儿识破了骗局，成功地为自己和父亲夺回了自由，可得出她非常聪明。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她从袋子里拿出一块鹅卵石，在看之前故意把它扔到其他鹅卵石中间。A. looked看；B. drew抽出；C. tried尝试；D. burst爆发。呼应上文的“He then asked the daughter to pick one. (然后他让商人的女儿选一个)”可知，商人的女儿从袋子里拿出一块鹅卵石。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她从袋子里拿出一块鹅卵石，在看之前故意把它扔到其他鹅卵石中间。A. intentionally有意地；B. carefully认真地；C. angrily生气地；D. anxiously焦虑地。由上文语境可知，放高利贷者在袋子里放了两块黑色的鹅卵石，其目的在于娶到商人的女儿，商人的女儿识破了骗局，想要摆脱此种困境，所以在看鹅卵石颜色之前故意把它扔到其他鹅卵石中间。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：没关系，如果你在袋子里找剩下的那块，你就能分辨出我选了哪块鹅卵石。A. lay躺；B. lost失去；C. gone去；D. left离开。由上文语境和下文的“The pebble left in the bag (袋子里剩下的鹅卵石)”可知，商人的女儿已经取出了一块鹅卵石，袋子里还剩下一块鹅卵石。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：没关系，如果你在袋子里找剩下的那块，你就能分辨出我选了哪块鹅卵石。A. inform通知；B. watch看；C. tell辨别；D. admit承认。由上文语境可知，如果鹅卵石是黑色的，债务就会还清，但高利贷者会娶商人的女儿；如果是白色的，债务也会被忽略，但女儿不必嫁给放高利贷者，商人的女儿已经取出了一块鹅卵石，袋子里还剩下一块鹅卵石，通过剩下鹅卵石的颜色即可辨别出她取出鹅卵石的颜色是什么。故选C项。
【36题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，由于放高利贷者不想被曝光，他不得不附和，就好像女儿扔下的鹅卵石是白色的一样，并抹去了她父亲的债务。A. Consequently因此；B. Otherwise否则；C. Therefore因此；D. However然而。由上文的“The pebble left in the bag is obviously black. (袋子里剩下的鹅卵石显然是黑色的)”和下文的“the pebble the daughter dropped was white (女儿扔下的鹅卵石是白色的)”可知，前后是转折关系，袋子里剩下的鹅卵石显然是黑色的，然而放高利贷者不想阴谋被曝光，就承认了商人的女儿扔下的鹅卵石是白色的。故选D项。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，由于放高利贷者不想被曝光，他不得不附和，就好像女儿扔下的鹅卵石是白色的一样，并抹去了她父亲的债务。A. declined减少；B. scolded责骂；C. exposed暴露；D. condemned谴责。由上文的“The pebble left in the bag is obviously black. (袋子里剩下的鹅卵石显然是黑色的)”和下文的“the pebble the daughter dropped was white (女儿扔下的鹅卵石是白色的)”可知，袋子里剩下的鹅卵石显然是黑色的，最后放高利贷者承认了商人的女儿扔下的鹅卵石是白色的，是因为放高利贷者不想阴谋被曝光。故选C项。
【38题详解】
考查连接词词义辨析。句意：然而，由于放高利贷者不想被曝光，他不得不附和，就好像女儿扔下的鹅卵石是白色的一样，并抹去了她父亲的债务。A. as if好像；B. even though即使；C. in case万一；D. now that既然。由上文的“the pebble the daughter dropped was white”可知，因为放高利贷者不想阴谋被曝光，所以他不得不附和，就好像女儿扔下的鹅卵石是白色的一样。故选A项。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过打破常规思维来克服困难总是有可能的，而不是屈服于你认为必须选择的唯一选项。A. common普通的；B. current现在的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. tough艰难的。由上文语境可知，商人的女儿通过打破常规的思维来克服了困难。故选D项。
【40题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：通过打破常规的思维来克服困难总是有可能的，而不是屈服于你认为必须选择的唯一选项。A. look out for留心；B. give into屈服于；C. let go of放弃；D. come up with想出。由上文语境可知，商人的女儿通过打破常规的思维来克服了困难，未向困难屈服，才成功地为自己和父亲夺回了自由。故选B项。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
China is already at work on developing an even faster bullet train, which will be known ___41___ the CR 450, according to a national political adviser.
Zhao Hongwei, chief researcher of the China Academy of Railway Sciences, told China Daily the more ___42___ (advance) model, which has a top operating speed of 400 kilometers per hour and the potential ___43___ (reach) speed of up to 450 km/h, will soon be unveiled.
“By the time the CR450 ___44___ (come) into operation, the national railway network will have been extended to 165,000 km, 50,000 km of ___45___ will be high-speed lines.” Zhao said. “We have no ___46___ (refer) from other countries to work from, so we have to be pioneers and find the solutions needed to build a train capable of a speed of 400 km/h.”
The noise level at this speed is capped (以……为上限) at 3 decibels higher than ___47___ on a train traveling at 350 km/h, which is as fast as current highspeed trains can run in China. Zhao also called for improving the standards system for railways and ___48___ (promote) international recognition of the system’s safety certification.
As ___49___ result of significant progress and major breakthroughs ___50___ (achieve) in a short period, China has the most comprehensive technology and the widest railway management experience in the world, according to China State Railway Group.
【答案】41. as 42. advanced
43. to reach
44. comes 45. which
46. reference
47. that 48. promoting
49. a 50. achieved
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，文章主要讲述中国正在研发速度更快的子弹头列车CR450。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：据一位国家政治顾问称，中国已经在研发速度更快的子弹头列车，将被命名为CR450。空后“the CR 450”是列车的名称，故此处用固定短语be known as，意为“以……著称，被称为”，后面往往接职业、角色或身份等，故填as。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：中国铁道科学研究院首席研究员赵宏伟在接受《中国日报》采访时表示，更先进的模型将很快推出，最高运行速度为400公里/小时，最高时速可达450公里/小时。根据空前的more可知，此处是形容词比较级，作定语修饰名词model，advanced先进的，形容词，故填advanced。
【43题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意同上。此处用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词potential，表示“……的潜力”，故填to reach。
【44题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“到CR450投入运营时，全国铁路网将延长到16.5万公里，其中5万公里将是高速铁路。”赵说。空处是By the time引导的时间状语从句的谓语部分，主句使用的将来完成时，故从句用一般现在时表将来，从句主语CR450表示单数意义，谓语动词用第三人单数形式，故填comes。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子可知，此处是“介词+关系词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是165,000 km，关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：“我们没有其他国家的参考资料，所以我们必须成为先行者，找到建造时速400公里列车所需的解决方案。”空处应填名词作宾语，reference参考，参照，不可数名词，故填reference。
【47题详解】
考查代词。句意：这一速度下的噪音水平被限制在比时速350公里的火车高3分贝，时速350公里是中国目前高铁的最高时速。空处指代“时速350公里的火车的噪音水平”，表示特指，与前文是同名异物，应用代词that。故填that。
【48题详解】
考查动名词。句意：赵还呼吁完善铁路标准体系，促进该体系安全认证的国际认可。空处和improving并列，作介词for的宾语，应用动名词形式，故填promoting。
【49题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：据中国国家铁路集团称，由于在短时间内取得了重大进展和重大突破，中国拥有了世界上最全面的技术和最广泛的铁路管理经验。as a result of…作为……的结果，由于，固定短语，故填a。
【50题详解】
考查过去分词。句意同上。动词achieve和breakthroughs之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，故填achieved。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last week, a group of international students visit our school. To help them better understanding our tea-drinking culture, we took them to the tearoom in our school, which I introduced the history of tea-making and different kinds of tea. All the international students were quite interested in our introduction. Then I showed them how to make tea. I sat on a table, explain every step of the process while making tea. All of them were amazed. They couldn’t wait to have try for them. Soon the tearoom became live with every international student trying to make their own tea. We had a lot of funs, practicing, and enjoying the tea. In the end, we took up a group photo, with cups or tea in our hands, to record this unforgettable experience.
【答案】1. visit→visited 2. understanding→understand 3. which→where 4. our→my
5. on→at 6. explain→explaining 7. 在have前加a 8. live→lively 9. funs→fun 10. 删除up
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一群国际生参观作者所在的学校，体验中国茶文化的经历。
【详解】1.考查时态。句意：上周，一群国际学生参观了我们学校。根据时间状语Last week可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故将visit改为visited。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意：为了帮助他们更好地了解我们的饮茶文化，我们带他们去了学校的茶室，在那里我介绍了制茶的历史和不同种类的茶等等。help sb (to) do sth“帮助某人干某事”是固定用法，此处用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。故将understanding改为understand。
3.考查定语从句。句意：为了帮助他们更好地了解我们的饮茶文化，我们带他们去了学校的茶室，在那里我介绍了制茶的历史和不同种类的茶等等。逗号后非限制性定语从句所修饰的先行词为tearoom，应用关系副词where引导从句，在从句中作地点状语，意为“在那里”。故将which改为where。
4.考查代词。句意：所有的国际学生都对我的介绍很感兴趣。根据前后文I可知，此处应用I相应的形容词性物主代词限定名词，根据上文“I introduced ”可知用my，故将our改为my。
5.考查介词。句意：我坐在一张桌子旁，一边泡茶一边解释着每一个步骤。sit at a table“坐在桌子旁”符合句意，on a table意为“在桌子上”。故将on改为at。
6.考查现在分词。句意：我坐在一张桌子旁，一边泡茶一边解释着每一个步骤。逗号后没有连词连接，是非谓语动词，explain和主语之间是主动关系，应用其现在分词作状语，表示伴随。故将explain改为explaining。
7.考查冠词。句意：他们迫不及待地想试一试。have a try“试一试”是固定短语。故在have前加a。
8.考查形容词。句意：很快，茶室变得热闹起来，每个留学生都在试着自己泡茶。形容词live意为“活的，现场直播的”不符合句意，此处应用形容词lively“生动的，活跃热情的”作表语。故将live改为lively。
9.考查不可数名词。句意：我们过得很开心，一边练习，一边喝茶。名词fun不可数，没有复数形式。故将funs改为fun。
10. 考查动词搭配。句意：最后，我们拿着杯子或茶拍了一张合影，记录下这段难忘的经历。take a photo“照相”是固定短语，take意为“拍摄”。故删除up。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 2023年5月4日是第74个青年节“Chinese Youth Day”，你校将以“青春”为话题举行演讲比赛，请你就该话题写一篇演讲稿，要点如下：
1.你对青春的理解;
2.如何成为更好的自己;
注意：1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
May, 4th is our Chinese Youth Day, which has witnessed the past 74 years of endless inspiring stories and touching moments. What is youth ? I’d like to define it as a fearless heart that clears out any obstacles standing in the way to our destination. So, as a teenager, how can we be a better self at the most beautiful time?
First, the recipe of it is constant learning. What lifelong learning brings to us is not only the accumulation of knowledge but also a positive state of mind to reflect and summarize past failures. What’s more, be self-disciplined. Getting rid of laziness and making it a routine to do some exercise or learn something new bits by bits, we are sure to remove all the difficulties in the way. Admittedly, occasional regrets are unavoidable, but that is where the charm of youth lies.
Never mind challenges, upsets or even failures, because it is how we react to them that really count. Thank you for your listening !
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给以“青春”为话题写一篇演讲稿参加学校举办的演讲比赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
目睹：witness →see
动人的：touching →moving
此外：what’s more →besides
一定会：be sure to do →be bound to do
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Getting rid of laziness and making it a routine to do some exercise or learn something new bits by bits, we are sure to remove all the difficulties in the way.
拓展句：when we get rid of laziness and make it a routine to do some exercise or learn something new bits by bits, we are sure to remove all the difficulties in the way.
【点睛】【高分句型1】What lifelong learning brings to us is not only the accumulation of knowledge but also a positive state of mind to reflect and summarize past failures.（运用了what引导的主语从句以及“not only…but also…”连接的并列结构）
【高分句型2】Never mind challenges, upsets or even failures, because it is how we react to them that really count.（运用了原因状语从句和强调句型）
听力答案：1~5 CBABC 6~10 CBCAB 11~15 ABABC 16~20 ACBCA