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北师大版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Lesson 3 Epidemics Explained备课ppt课件
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这是一份北师大版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Lesson 3 Epidemics Explained备课ppt课件，共46页。PPT课件主要包含了COVID-19，SARS，since 1997，–550 CE，Rome，–2003，–2016，Epidemics，what，definition等内容，欢迎下载使用。
COVID-19 is a new strain f crnavirus that has nt been previusly identified in humans. The COVID-19 is the cause f an utbreak f respiratry illness first detected in Wuhan, Hubei prvince, China.
Pre-reading
Severe acute respiratry syndrme (SARS) is a viral respiratry illness that was recgnized as a glbal threat in March 2003, after first appearing in Suthern China in Nvember 2002.
Ebla Virus Disease
Ebla Virus Disease (EVD) is a deadly disease with ccasinal utbreaks that ccur mstly n the African cntinent. EVD mst cmmnly affects peple and nnhuman primates. It is caused by an infectin with a grup f viruses within the genus Ebla virus.
1. Describe epidemics using yur wn wrds.2. Lk at the abve pictures and talk abut the cmmn pints f epidemics.
Lk and Discuss
What d yu knw abut epidemics? Tick (√) the statements that yu think are crrect.
1. An epidemic is the rapid spread f an infectius disease. ( )2. An epidemic can affect a large number f peple in a given ppulatin. ( )3. An epidemic can ccur within a shrt perid f time, usually tw weeks r less. ( )
4. An epidemic may spread t several cuntries r cntinents. ( )5. Sme cmmn viruses, such as the cmmn cld, are nt epidemics. ( )6. A new epidemic can be a different variatin f a virus that peple caught in the past. ( )
Fast-reading
Read the passage and answer the fllwing questins…
1. What is an epidemic?2. Hw can a disease be classified as an epidemic?
An epidemic is the name given t an infectius disease that rapidly spreads t a large number f peple within a shrt perid f time—usually tw weeks r less.
Each disease can nly fficially be classified as an epidemic nce a certain number f deaths have ccurred frm the disease.
Bird Flu1918 Spanish FluBlack DeathSARSEbla Virus Disease
Read and circle all the epidemics mentined in the passage.
Intensive reading
Cmplete the table abut the epidemics mentined.
Asia and Eurpe
mre than a hundred lives
half the ppulatin
1918–the end f Wrld War Ⅰ
China, Canada, Vietnam and Singapre
50 millin peple
West Africa
mre than 11,310 death
when epidemic startedexamples f epidemicstreatmentsbaseline number f deaths f epidemics
Tick the aspects that mentined in the passage. Use a diagram t demnstrate in a lgical way hw they are rganised.
definitinwhen it endedpssible causes f epidemics pssible slutins
when it ended
when epidemic started
examples f epidemics
Hw t classify
baseline number f deaths f epidemics
Figure ut the structure.
Basic infrmatin abut epidemics: definitin, cause, difference
Epidemics in histry (Examples)
Measures t fight against epidemics
1) Bird Flu (since 1997)2) Epidemics in the Rman Empire (500-550 CE)3) The Black Death (1330s)4) The Spanish Flu (near the end f Wrld War I)5) The SARS (2002-2003)6) EVD (2013-2016)
Discuss the questins.
1. What are the main features f an epidemic? Give at least tw examples t illustrate yur pints.2. What shuld different cuntries d t prevent utbreaks f epidemics in the future? Why?3. What des the title mean t yu? What des the writer want t cnvey in the passage?4. Wh d yu think the passage is written fr?
Pst-reading
1. What are the main features f an epidemic? Give at least tw examples t illustrate yur pints.
It is an infectius disease.It spreads rapidly t a large number f peple within a shrt perid f time.A certain number f deaths have ccurred frm the disease.
※The cmmn cld is nt an epidemic because while it affects many peple, it des nt cause deaths. ※SARS affected many peple and caused many deaths, s it is cnsidered an epidemic.
2. What shuld different cuntries d t prevent utbreaks f epidemics in the future? Why?
Cuntries shuld wrk tgether t get at the causes and cme up with cures thrugh medical research because teamwrk amng natins acrss the glbe can save lives. This is a gd example f building a cmmunity with shared future fr mankind.
3. What des the title mean t yu? What des the writer want t cnvey in the passage?
The title means that the passage will explain questins abut epidemics.
The authr wants t cnvey the infrmatin that we are always n ur way t find an explanatin t epidemics s as t find cure. It als implies that epidemics ccurred naturally and unavidably. We can nly explain it, and cannt prevent it r stp it cmpletely nw.
4. Wh d yu think the passage is written fr?
This is a ppular science article. It is mre likely t be written fr peple wh is interested in this tpic r wh has a lt f questins r misunderstanding f epidemics.
What d yu think we can d t get ready fr future epidemics?
①An epidemic is the name given t an infectius disease that rapidly spreads t a large number f peple within a shrt perid f time—usually tw weeks r less. Epidemics have been happening fr as lng as there have been peple living n Earth. They can be caused by several different
Language Pints
factrs, such as a virus being carried int an area, r changes in the way peple live, like mre peple living in an area, which increases the chances f them cming int cntact with a bacteria r virus.
which引导非限制性定语从句
cme int cntact with 接触到
译文： 流行病(epidemic)是指在短时间内(通常两周或更短)迅速在大量人群中传播的传染性疾病。自地球上有人类生活以来，流行病就一直存在。它们会由不同因素(factr)引起，例如病毒(virus)被带入某个地区，或者由于人们生活方式的改变，比如说某一地区居住的人群增多，从而增加了接触病毒或细菌(bacteria)的几率。
②Each disease can nly fficially be classified as an epidemic nce a certain number f deaths have ccurred frm the disease. The number f deaths is different fr every disease. S a very rare disease will have a lw baseline and just a few cases f it in ne place will be
be different fr与...不同
be classified as被归类为…
nce引导时间状语从句
classified as an epidemic; as ppsed t mre cmmn diseases, such as the flu, that have a higher baseline. The cmmn cld is a widespread virus that affects millins f peple, but it is nt seen as being a serius enugh cnditin t deserve the classificatin f epidemic.
that引导的定语从句
be seen as 被看作
as ppsed t与……截然相反
译文： 只有致死病例达到一定数量，某种疾病才会被正式(fficially)定性(classify)为流行病。每种疾病的死亡数量各不相同。罕见(rare)疾病的基线(baseline)很低，即使某一地区只出现少数病例，也会被认定为流行病；与此相反(ppsed)，常见疾病的基线较高，如流感。普通感冒由一种广泛传播的(widespread)病毒引起，可感染数百万人，但它并没严重到可以被称为(classificatin)流行病。
③With recent press reprts drawing parallels between bird flu and killer epidemics f the past, Jim Smith lks at the smetimes depressing histry f epidemics fr clues abut hw we can create a mre psitive future withut epidemics.
draw parallels 将…和…相提并论
创造一个更积极/美好的未来
译文： 最近有新闻报道，吉姆·史密斯将禽流感和过去致命的流行病做对比(parallel)，在屡屡令人感到沮丧的(depressing)流行病史中寻找线索，从而创造一个远离流行病的美好未来。
④Since bird flu first appeared in 1997, it has taken mre than a hundred lives. Many peple fear it culd be the next glbal epidemic, especially as scientists wh have gne int detail studying tissue samples frm the bdies f peple wh died f the 1918 Spanish Flu have prved that bird flu is a mdern adaptatin f that virus.
g int detail 详述，详细叙述
译文： 禽流感自1997年首次出现以来，已经夺去了一百多人的生命。尤其是当科学家们仔细研究了1918年西班牙流感死亡者尸体的组织样本(sample)，证明禽流感是该病毒的现代变异版本，许多人担心它可能会引起下一场全球流行病。
⑤One f the earliest epidemics n recrd happened between abut 500 and 550 CE. Scientists nw estimate that up t 50% f the area’s ppulatin died frm the epidemic, making it ne f the main causes f the fall f the Rman Empire. Then, in the 1330s, this epidemic
up t 多达；由……决定
n recrd记录在案的
in+the+年份s 表示年代
现在分词短语作结果状语
returned, this time in Asia. It spread rapidly t Eurpe and became knwn as “The Black Death” because ne visible symptm was black spts n the bdy.
译文： 人类有记载的最早的流行病，大约发生在公元(CE)500年至550年之间。现今科学家们估计(estimate)发病区域多达50%的人口死于这一流行病，成为罗马帝国衰落的一个主要原因。接着，14世纪30年代，这一流行病卷土重来，这次发生在亚洲，并迅速传播到欧洲。由于患者身上会出现明显的(visible)黑斑症状(symptm)，这种流行病被称为“黑死病”。
⑥Centuries later, the Great Flu Epidemic f 1918, als called the Spanish Flu, struck near the end f Wrld War Ⅰ. Families wh had nly just gt thrugh the war nw had t bury their lved nes wh had died f the disease. As a result f the war, mre peple were travelling and mving perhaps than ever befre in histry and this caused the
than ever befre比以往任何时候更……
get thrugh通过；渡过(难关)
be buried in/bury neself in 埋头于，专心于
epidemic t spread wrldwide. Having killed up t 50 millin peple in 18 mnths, the Spanish Flu is believed t have been the mst severe epidemic in histry. Mre peple died f the flu than died in the war. Initially, many peple believed that such epidemics n lnger psed a threat until very recently when SARS became a cause fr cncern.
adv.最初，起初；开始
译文： 几个世纪后，第一次世界大战快结束时爆发了1918年大流感，又称西班牙流感。刚刚熬过战争的人们现在不得不埋葬(bury)他们死于疾病的亲人。战争引发的人口流动前所未有，从而导致这一流行病蔓延到全世界。西班牙流感在18个月内造成5 000万人死亡，成为历史上最严重的流行病。死于该病的人比死于战争的人还要多。最初，人们以为这种大规模流行病不会再对人类构成(pse)威胁，直至非典出现，再次让全球陷入担忧。
⑦The SARS epidemic began in 2002 with a case f lung disease in Guangdng Prvince. It spread t Canada, Vietnam and Singapre and lasted until 2003. SARS was examined by scientists, wh were cnfused by this new disease and wanted t learn mre abut it and its causes.
be cnfused by对...困惑
Infectin rates went up steadily, and in the curse f the utbreak, abut 8,000 peple were infected ver nine mnths. Since the end f the SARS epidemic, scientists have been ding trials n treatments t prevent any future utbreaks.
d trials n做试验
the utbreak f epidemic/war 流行病/战争的爆发
译文： 非典疫情始于2002年广东省的一例肺部(lung)疾病，后蔓延到加拿大、越南和新加坡，并一直持续到2003年。科学家对这种新型疾病感到困惑，对SARS病毒进行检测，以期了解该病与致病原因的更多信息。非典的感染率不断(steadily)上升，在爆发(utbreak)期九个月内感染了约8 000人。非典疫情结束后，科学家们一直在试验(trial)各种治疗手段，以防止未来疫情再爆发。
⑧Then, frm 2013 t 2016, there was the mst widespread utbreak f the Ebla Virus Disease (EVD) in West Africa, which resulted in a majr lss f life in a number f west African cuntries. 11,310 deaths were fficially recrded, but the actual number f deaths is
result in导致
a number f许多
prbably much higher. The virus was extremely infectius and the survival rate was as lw as 30% in sme areas, indicating that very few peple gt ver it.
译文： 随后，2013年到2016年间，西非爆发了大规模传染病——埃博拉出血热(EVD)，夺去了这一地区多个国家的很多人的生命。官方统计的死亡人数为11 310人，而实际(actual)死亡人数可能要更高。该病毒传染性极强，一些地区的存活率低至30%，也就是说很少有人能康复。
⑨Despite, r perhaps because f, the epidemics the wrld has faced in recent years, gvernments wrldwide have underlined the fact that they want thrugh and systematic medical research n epidemics t get at the causes and cme up with cures as sn as pssible.
that 引导同位语从句
Cuntries will need t wrk tgether t d this because teamwrk amng natins acrss the glbe can save lives.
COVID-19 is a new strain f crnavirus that has nt been previusly identified in humans. The COVID-19 is the cause f an utbreak f respiratry illness first detected in Wuhan, Hubei prvince, China.
Pre-reading
Severe acute respiratry syndrme (SARS) is a viral respiratry illness that was recgnized as a glbal threat in March 2003, after first appearing in Suthern China in Nvember 2002.
Ebla Virus Disease
Ebla Virus Disease (EVD) is a deadly disease with ccasinal utbreaks that ccur mstly n the African cntinent. EVD mst cmmnly affects peple and nnhuman primates. It is caused by an infectin with a grup f viruses within the genus Ebla virus.
1. Describe epidemics using yur wn wrds.2. Lk at the abve pictures and talk abut the cmmn pints f epidemics.
Lk and Discuss
What d yu knw abut epidemics? Tick (√) the statements that yu think are crrect.
1. An epidemic is the rapid spread f an infectius disease. ( )2. An epidemic can affect a large number f peple in a given ppulatin. ( )3. An epidemic can ccur within a shrt perid f time, usually tw weeks r less. ( )
4. An epidemic may spread t several cuntries r cntinents. ( )5. Sme cmmn viruses, such as the cmmn cld, are nt epidemics. ( )6. A new epidemic can be a different variatin f a virus that peple caught in the past. ( )
Fast-reading
Read the passage and answer the fllwing questins…
1. What is an epidemic?2. Hw can a disease be classified as an epidemic?
An epidemic is the name given t an infectius disease that rapidly spreads t a large number f peple within a shrt perid f time—usually tw weeks r less.
Each disease can nly fficially be classified as an epidemic nce a certain number f deaths have ccurred frm the disease.
Bird Flu1918 Spanish FluBlack DeathSARSEbla Virus Disease
Read and circle all the epidemics mentined in the passage.
Intensive reading
Cmplete the table abut the epidemics mentined.
Asia and Eurpe
mre than a hundred lives
half the ppulatin
1918–the end f Wrld War Ⅰ
China, Canada, Vietnam and Singapre
50 millin peple
West Africa
mre than 11,310 death
when epidemic startedexamples f epidemicstreatmentsbaseline number f deaths f epidemics
Tick the aspects that mentined in the passage. Use a diagram t demnstrate in a lgical way hw they are rganised.
definitinwhen it endedpssible causes f epidemics pssible slutins
when it ended
when epidemic started
examples f epidemics
Hw t classify
baseline number f deaths f epidemics
Figure ut the structure.
Basic infrmatin abut epidemics: definitin, cause, difference
Epidemics in histry (Examples)
Measures t fight against epidemics
1) Bird Flu (since 1997)2) Epidemics in the Rman Empire (500-550 CE)3) The Black Death (1330s)4) The Spanish Flu (near the end f Wrld War I)5) The SARS (2002-2003)6) EVD (2013-2016)
Discuss the questins.
1. What are the main features f an epidemic? Give at least tw examples t illustrate yur pints.2. What shuld different cuntries d t prevent utbreaks f epidemics in the future? Why?3. What des the title mean t yu? What des the writer want t cnvey in the passage?4. Wh d yu think the passage is written fr?
Pst-reading
1. What are the main features f an epidemic? Give at least tw examples t illustrate yur pints.
It is an infectius disease.It spreads rapidly t a large number f peple within a shrt perid f time.A certain number f deaths have ccurred frm the disease.
※The cmmn cld is nt an epidemic because while it affects many peple, it des nt cause deaths. ※SARS affected many peple and caused many deaths, s it is cnsidered an epidemic.
2. What shuld different cuntries d t prevent utbreaks f epidemics in the future? Why?
Cuntries shuld wrk tgether t get at the causes and cme up with cures thrugh medical research because teamwrk amng natins acrss the glbe can save lives. This is a gd example f building a cmmunity with shared future fr mankind.
3. What des the title mean t yu? What des the writer want t cnvey in the passage?
The title means that the passage will explain questins abut epidemics.
The authr wants t cnvey the infrmatin that we are always n ur way t find an explanatin t epidemics s as t find cure. It als implies that epidemics ccurred naturally and unavidably. We can nly explain it, and cannt prevent it r stp it cmpletely nw.
4. Wh d yu think the passage is written fr?
This is a ppular science article. It is mre likely t be written fr peple wh is interested in this tpic r wh has a lt f questins r misunderstanding f epidemics.
What d yu think we can d t get ready fr future epidemics?
①An epidemic is the name given t an infectius disease that rapidly spreads t a large number f peple within a shrt perid f time—usually tw weeks r less. Epidemics have been happening fr as lng as there have been peple living n Earth. They can be caused by several different
Language Pints
factrs, such as a virus being carried int an area, r changes in the way peple live, like mre peple living in an area, which increases the chances f them cming int cntact with a bacteria r virus.
which引导非限制性定语从句
cme int cntact with 接触到
译文： 流行病(epidemic)是指在短时间内(通常两周或更短)迅速在大量人群中传播的传染性疾病。自地球上有人类生活以来，流行病就一直存在。它们会由不同因素(factr)引起，例如病毒(virus)被带入某个地区，或者由于人们生活方式的改变，比如说某一地区居住的人群增多，从而增加了接触病毒或细菌(bacteria)的几率。
②Each disease can nly fficially be classified as an epidemic nce a certain number f deaths have ccurred frm the disease. The number f deaths is different fr every disease. S a very rare disease will have a lw baseline and just a few cases f it in ne place will be
be different fr与...不同
be classified as被归类为…
nce引导时间状语从句
classified as an epidemic; as ppsed t mre cmmn diseases, such as the flu, that have a higher baseline. The cmmn cld is a widespread virus that affects millins f peple, but it is nt seen as being a serius enugh cnditin t deserve the classificatin f epidemic.
that引导的定语从句
be seen as 被看作
as ppsed t与……截然相反
译文： 只有致死病例达到一定数量，某种疾病才会被正式(fficially)定性(classify)为流行病。每种疾病的死亡数量各不相同。罕见(rare)疾病的基线(baseline)很低，即使某一地区只出现少数病例，也会被认定为流行病；与此相反(ppsed)，常见疾病的基线较高，如流感。普通感冒由一种广泛传播的(widespread)病毒引起，可感染数百万人，但它并没严重到可以被称为(classificatin)流行病。
③With recent press reprts drawing parallels between bird flu and killer epidemics f the past, Jim Smith lks at the smetimes depressing histry f epidemics fr clues abut hw we can create a mre psitive future withut epidemics.
draw parallels 将…和…相提并论
创造一个更积极/美好的未来
译文： 最近有新闻报道，吉姆·史密斯将禽流感和过去致命的流行病做对比(parallel)，在屡屡令人感到沮丧的(depressing)流行病史中寻找线索，从而创造一个远离流行病的美好未来。
④Since bird flu first appeared in 1997, it has taken mre than a hundred lives. Many peple fear it culd be the next glbal epidemic, especially as scientists wh have gne int detail studying tissue samples frm the bdies f peple wh died f the 1918 Spanish Flu have prved that bird flu is a mdern adaptatin f that virus.
g int detail 详述，详细叙述
译文： 禽流感自1997年首次出现以来，已经夺去了一百多人的生命。尤其是当科学家们仔细研究了1918年西班牙流感死亡者尸体的组织样本(sample)，证明禽流感是该病毒的现代变异版本，许多人担心它可能会引起下一场全球流行病。
⑤One f the earliest epidemics n recrd happened between abut 500 and 550 CE. Scientists nw estimate that up t 50% f the area’s ppulatin died frm the epidemic, making it ne f the main causes f the fall f the Rman Empire. Then, in the 1330s, this epidemic
up t 多达；由……决定
n recrd记录在案的
in+the+年份s 表示年代
现在分词短语作结果状语
returned, this time in Asia. It spread rapidly t Eurpe and became knwn as “The Black Death” because ne visible symptm was black spts n the bdy.
译文： 人类有记载的最早的流行病，大约发生在公元(CE)500年至550年之间。现今科学家们估计(estimate)发病区域多达50%的人口死于这一流行病，成为罗马帝国衰落的一个主要原因。接着，14世纪30年代，这一流行病卷土重来，这次发生在亚洲，并迅速传播到欧洲。由于患者身上会出现明显的(visible)黑斑症状(symptm)，这种流行病被称为“黑死病”。
⑥Centuries later, the Great Flu Epidemic f 1918, als called the Spanish Flu, struck near the end f Wrld War Ⅰ. Families wh had nly just gt thrugh the war nw had t bury their lved nes wh had died f the disease. As a result f the war, mre peple were travelling and mving perhaps than ever befre in histry and this caused the
than ever befre比以往任何时候更……
get thrugh通过；渡过(难关)
be buried in/bury neself in 埋头于，专心于
epidemic t spread wrldwide. Having killed up t 50 millin peple in 18 mnths, the Spanish Flu is believed t have been the mst severe epidemic in histry. Mre peple died f the flu than died in the war. Initially, many peple believed that such epidemics n lnger psed a threat until very recently when SARS became a cause fr cncern.
adv.最初，起初；开始
译文： 几个世纪后，第一次世界大战快结束时爆发了1918年大流感，又称西班牙流感。刚刚熬过战争的人们现在不得不埋葬(bury)他们死于疾病的亲人。战争引发的人口流动前所未有，从而导致这一流行病蔓延到全世界。西班牙流感在18个月内造成5 000万人死亡，成为历史上最严重的流行病。死于该病的人比死于战争的人还要多。最初，人们以为这种大规模流行病不会再对人类构成(pse)威胁，直至非典出现，再次让全球陷入担忧。
⑦The SARS epidemic began in 2002 with a case f lung disease in Guangdng Prvince. It spread t Canada, Vietnam and Singapre and lasted until 2003. SARS was examined by scientists, wh were cnfused by this new disease and wanted t learn mre abut it and its causes.
be cnfused by对...困惑
Infectin rates went up steadily, and in the curse f the utbreak, abut 8,000 peple were infected ver nine mnths. Since the end f the SARS epidemic, scientists have been ding trials n treatments t prevent any future utbreaks.
d trials n做试验
the utbreak f epidemic/war 流行病/战争的爆发
译文： 非典疫情始于2002年广东省的一例肺部(lung)疾病，后蔓延到加拿大、越南和新加坡，并一直持续到2003年。科学家对这种新型疾病感到困惑，对SARS病毒进行检测，以期了解该病与致病原因的更多信息。非典的感染率不断(steadily)上升，在爆发(utbreak)期九个月内感染了约8 000人。非典疫情结束后，科学家们一直在试验(trial)各种治疗手段，以防止未来疫情再爆发。
⑧Then, frm 2013 t 2016, there was the mst widespread utbreak f the Ebla Virus Disease (EVD) in West Africa, which resulted in a majr lss f life in a number f west African cuntries. 11,310 deaths were fficially recrded, but the actual number f deaths is
result in导致
a number f许多
prbably much higher. The virus was extremely infectius and the survival rate was as lw as 30% in sme areas, indicating that very few peple gt ver it.
译文： 随后，2013年到2016年间，西非爆发了大规模传染病——埃博拉出血热(EVD)，夺去了这一地区多个国家的很多人的生命。官方统计的死亡人数为11 310人，而实际(actual)死亡人数可能要更高。该病毒传染性极强，一些地区的存活率低至30%，也就是说很少有人能康复。
⑨Despite, r perhaps because f, the epidemics the wrld has faced in recent years, gvernments wrldwide have underlined the fact that they want thrugh and systematic medical research n epidemics t get at the causes and cme up with cures as sn as pssible.
that 引导同位语从句
Cuntries will need t wrk tgether t d this because teamwrk amng natins acrss the glbe can save lives.
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