【中职专用】高中英语 外研版2021·基础模块1 Unit+2+We+Are+Friends（知识串讲+跟踪练习）

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Unit 2 We Are Friends

【单元重点知识复习】
一、 重点词汇
1. 重点单词
(1) comment
(n.)
评论；意见
(2) volunteer
(n.)
志愿者
(3) relationship
(n.)
关系
(4) outdoors
(adv.)
在户外
(5) down
(adj.)
不开心的；伤心的
(6) bother
(v.)
(使)担心；(使)苦恼
(7) close
(adj.)
亲密的
(8) worried
(adj.)
担心的
(9) pressure
(n.)
压力
(10) issue
(n.)
问题
(11) apology
(n.)
道歉
(12) forgive
(v.)
原谅
(13) considerate
(adj.)
替他人考虑的
(14) mean
(v.)
意欲，打算
(15) fault
(n.)
责任，过错
(16) respect
(v.)
尊重
(17) detail
(n.)
细节
(18) regularly
(adv.)
经常，定期地
(19) recognize
(v.)
认出，认识
(20) normal
(adj.)
平常的，正常的
(21) causal
(adj.)
感情不深的
(22) prefer
(v.)
更喜欢
(23) frank
(adj.)
坦率的，坦诚的
(24) exactly
(adv.)
精确地；正好
(25) confident
(adj.)
有信心的
(26) unhappy
(adj.)
不快乐的

2. 重点短语
(1) have a conversation
进行交谈
(2) join a sports team
加入一支运动队
(3) do volunteer work
做志愿者工作
(4) go camping
去露营
(5) be fond of
对...感兴趣
(6) be similar to
与...相似
(7) see/watch a film
看电影
(8) be going to do
打算做某事，将要做某事
(9) That sounds great!
听起来很棒！
(10) take photos outdoors
在户外拍照
(11) play basketball
打篮球
(12) look a bit down
看起来有点儿不开心
(13) one of my close friends
我的密友之一
(14) get angry with...
生某人的气
(15) be worried about
担忧
(16) the final exams
期末考试
(17) under great pressure
压力很大
(18) shout at
冲某人大声喊叫
(19) refuse to do...
拒绝做某事
(20) in anger
愤怒地
(21) not a big deal
没什么大不了
(22) make an apology
道歉
(23) primary school
小学
(24) in common
共同的
(25) quarrel with each other
相互争吵
(26) whether...or...
无论...还是...
(27) keep in touch
保持联系
(28) pay attention to
关注
(29) get along well
和睦相处
(30) no matter
无论
(31) ordinary friends
普通朋友
(32) casual acquaintances
感情不深的熟人；泛泛之交
(33) prefer to do...rather than do...
更喜欢做...而不愿做...
(34) be ready to do
准备好做...;乐意做...
(35) be good at
擅长
(36) solve problems
解决问题
(37) hang out with sb.
与某人闲待，厮混
(38) be interested in
对...感兴趣
(39) all the time
频繁，一直
(40) bond with
与...培养一种特殊关系

二、 重点话题与重点句型
1. Making friends & Solving problems between friends
(1) We read the same book and discussed it together. 我们读同一本书并且一起讨论。
(2) We have the same hobbies and have lots to talk about. 我们有相同的爱好，有很多东西可以讨论。
(3) We both like watching films. 我们俩都喜欢看电影。
(4) Why not make an apology first? 为什么不先道歉呢？
(5) As a good friend, I should be more patient and considerate. 作为一个好朋友，我应该更加耐心，考虑周到些。
(6) I should comfort her first. 我应该先安慰她。

2. Getting along with friends & Circles of friends
(1) We have many things in common and enjoy spending time together. 我们有很多共同之处，并且喜欢在一起度过时光。
(2) Whether in good times or bad times, we always follow three rules: understand and respect each other; avoid arguments and difficult topics; keep in touch and pay attention to small details. 无论是顺境还是逆境，我们总是遵循三条规则：相互理解和尊重；避免争论和棘手的话题；保持联系，注意小细节。

3. Different characters & Online comments
(1) People say I am a shy girl, because I just keep quiet most of the time.人们说我是个害羞的女孩，因为我大部分时间都保持沉默。
(2) I prefer to listen to other people rather than express myself.我更喜欢听别人说话，而不是表达自己。
(3) I’m simple and frank. 我简单坦率。
(4) My words sometimes hurt people around me, however, I don’t really mean it.我的话有时会伤害周围的人，然而，我并不是有意的。
(5) I’m a confident girl. 我是一个自信的女孩。
(6) I’m a bit serious sometimes, which makes some of my friends unhappy.我有时有点严肃，这让我的一些朋友不高兴。

三、 重点语法
一般过去时
1. 一般过去时的基本用法
描述过去某个时间点发生的动作、行为或存在的状态。
They usually went to school by bike last year.
They saw a film yesterday.
He was a cook, but now he is a teacher.

2. 一般过去时的基本结构(谓语动词是be动词)
(1) 陈述句形式
主语
be动词变形
例句
肯定
否定
I(第一人称单数)
第三人称单数
was
was not (wasn’t)
I was ill last week.
She wasn’t at home this morning.
其他
were
were not (weren’t)
They were in the classroom then.
(2) 一般疑问句形式：将be动词提前
—Was he a musician? —Yes, he was. / No, he wasn’t.
Weren’t they on the playground yesterday afternoon?
(3) 特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词+be动词+其他部分？
Where were you when we arrived here?

3. 一般过去时的基本结构(谓语动词是实义动词)
谓语动词为实义动词时，在一般过去时中，要用其过去式形式。实义动词的过去式没有人称和数的变化。
(1) 陈述句形式
将作谓语的实义动词变成过去式。否定形式在实义动词前加didn’t，实义动词用原型。
They went there by bike.
She met one of his old friends the day before yesterday in the park.
We didn’t catch the early bus.
(2) 一般疑问句形式：在句首用did或didn’t(否定形式)，动词用原型
—Did they quarrel with each other ? —Yes, they did. / No, they didn’t
Didn’t you hear a strange noise?
(3) 特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词+did/didn’t+其他部分？
When did you get up this morning?

4. 动词过去式的变形规则
规则变化
一般情况直接在动词词尾加-ed
ask—asked
quarrel—quarreled
以字母e结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-d
like—liked
live—lived
以“辅音字母加-y”结尾的动词，要先变y为i再加-ed
worry—worried
study—studied
以重读闭音节结尾并且词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed
stop－stopped
不规则变化
不规则变化，详见教材Irregular Verbs部分
is—was
are—were
read—read
become—became

主谓一致（二）
1. 由and或both...and...连接的两个或多个单词、短语作主语时，后面用谓语的复数形式。
如：Mary and Alice are good friends.
Both Lisa and Jack like music.
2. 由or, either...or..., not only...but also...连接的两个单词、短语作主语时，谓语的单复数形式通常与最近的一个主语保持一致。
如：Tom or David means to help the old man.
Not only you but also I am going to do volunteer work this weekend.


【单元知识跟踪练习】
一、 翻译短语
(1) 进行交谈
(2) 对...感兴趣
(3) 与...相似
(4) 看电影
(5) 担忧
(6) 期末考试
(7) 压力很大
(8) 冲某人大声喊叫
(9) 保持联系
(10) 关注
(11) 和睦相处
(12) 普通朋友
(13) 解决问题
(14) 与某人闲待，厮混
(15) 对...感兴趣
(16) 与...培养一种特殊关系


【答案】
(1) have a conversation
(2) be fond of
(3) be similar to
(4) see/watch a film
(5) be worried about
(6) the final exams
(7) under great pressure
(8) shout at
(9) keep in touch
(10) pay attention to
(11) get along well
(12) ordinary friends
(13) solve problems
(14) hang out with sb.
(15) be interested in
(16) bond with

二、 单项选择
1. Linda is .She seldom laughs.
A. humorous
B.serious
C.kind
D.cheerful
2. My friend is at music. He sings best in our school.
A.nice
B.gifted
C.nice
D.honest
3. Jack is . He is always willing to listen to me and accept my ideas.
A.helpful
B.open-minded
C.active
D.quiet
4. I quarreled with my friend. He left anger.
A.without
B.by
C.in
D.as
5. Lyn and Jennifer have many things common. They are close friends.
A.without
B.at
C.in
D.with
6. He refused me. I felt a little down.
A.help
B.to help
C.helped
D.helping
7. Why not a letter to say sorry to him?
A.write
B.to write
C.wrote
D.writing
8. —You missed an exciting football match.
— . I don't like football.
A.That sounds great.
B.It's not a big deal.
C.Oh, I see.
D.You’re welcome
9. We meet to discuss the progress of the project.
A.effectively
B.regularly
C.exactly
D.honestly
10. I feel valued and loved with them. They are my friends.
A. close
B. ordinary
C.casual
D.strange
11. They had different opinions and got into an .
A. fault
B. topic
C.exam
D.argument
12. I him as soon as he came in the room. He was my chemistry teacher.
A. respected
B. groped
C.recognised
D.preferred
【答案】
1-5 BBBCB 6-10 BABBA 11-12 DC

三、 根据中文提示填写正确形式的单词
1. Schools need (志愿者)to help children to read.
2. I don't want to (使苦恼)her with my problems at the moment.
3. She is always polite and (替他人考虑的)towards her employees.
4. I'm sorry I hurt you. I didn't (意欲，打算)to.
5. I feel a bit (不开心的)today.
6. If you have any (问题), please call this number.
7. I can't (原谅)that type of behaviour.
8. I think you should (安慰)her first.
9. The (细节)of the plan are still being worked out.
10. You should be (坦诚的)to your friends to win more trust.

【答案】
1-5 volunteers; bother; considerate; mean; down/unhappy
6-10 issues; forgive; comfort; details; frank

四、 语法练习题
1. 写出下列动词的过去式形式
原型
三单
原型
三单
原型
三单
bother

shout

forgive

comfort

mean

respect

pay

prefer

bond

become

is

have

go

join

take

get

leave

keep

begin

come

let

drink

eat

study


【答案】
bothered; shouted; forgave
comforted; meant; respected
paid; preferred; bonded
became; was; had
went; joined; took
got; left; kept
began; came; let
drank; ate; studied

2. 用所给词的正确形式填空。
(1) Either he or you (be)right. 
(2) Once upon a time, there (be) an old man living with his wife beside the bridge.
(3) Not only I but also Tom and Mary (be)fond of watching television.
(4) He (be) a musician, but now he (be) a famous cook.
(5) The meeting (begin) ten minutes ago.
(6) In 2008, I (visit) Beijing with my parents.
(7) Not only Jim but also his wife (go)to the park yesterday. 
(8) My dad and mom (be)football fans.
(9) He (leave)in anger when he saw the room in a mess.
(10) Not only Mr Lin but also his son (want) to join the Party.
(11) Both Jenny and Tom (be)interested in films.
(12) I don’t know what life (be) like here in the past.
(13) —How (be)your weekend.
—So boring. I stayed at home all day.
(14) — you do something special last night?
—Yes. I (see)an interesting film.
(15) My mum (make) much delicious food for me this morning.

【答案】
(1)are;(2)was;(3)are;(4)was; is;(5)began;(6)visited;(7)went;(8)are;(9)left;(10)wants;(11)are;(12)was;
(13)was;(14)Did; saw;(15)made

五、 综合能力练习
1. 翻译句子
(1) 我们俩都喜欢看电影。

(2) 为什么不先道歉呢？

(3) 我们总是遵循这条规则：相互理解和尊重。

(4) 我更喜欢听别人说话，而不是表达自己。

(5) 我是一个自信的女孩。


【答案】
(1) We both like watching films.
(2) Why not make an apology first?
(3) We always follow the rule-understand and respect each other.
(4) I prefer to listen to other people rather than express myself.
(5) I’m a confident girl.

2. 完形填空


【答案】1-5 BADAA 6-10 AABAB
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Lily对每个人都很友好，她觉得她有很多好朋友，但在友谊日她却没有得到礼物，伤心之余她问妈妈如何才能交到真正的朋友，在妈妈的帮助下她终于懂得了什么才能成就真正的朋友。
【小题1】句意:她班级的每个人都喜欢她。watches看;likes喜欢;sees看见:asks问。根据“Lily is friendly to everyone in her class”可知应是大家都喜欢她。故选B
【小题2】句意:她是非常善良的并且总是忙于和朋友在一起。with和;of的;at在;in在……里。根据“She is very kind and always busy…her friends.”可知，此处是be busy with sb短语，意为“忙于和某人在一起”，故选A。
【小题3】句意:Lily是非常高兴的并且正期待着来自于她同学们的礼物。parents父母;teachers老师;brothers兄弟;classmates同学。根据“On Friendship Day”可知是友谊日，应是来自同学的礼物，故选 D.
【小题4】句意:在那天每个人都有一个礼物，但是她没有得到一些礼物。on作时间介词时，用在具体的某一天前;in作为时间介词时，用在年，月，季节等前;at作时间介词时，用具体的点刻前;of的。根据“that day”可知是具体的一天，故选A。
【小题5】句意:在那天每个人都有一个礼物，但是她没有得到一些礼物。get得到;buy买;sell卖;take带。根据“everyone has a gift”和“but”可知别人都有礼物，但是她没有得到礼物，故选A
【小题6】句意:她感觉不高兴并且哭得很厉害。happy高兴的;exciting令人兴奋的;interesting有趣的;well好。根据“criesalot”可知是不高兴，故选A.
【小题7】句意:她对待每个人总是友好的但是最后却没有人考虑她。but但是;and和;or或者;because因为。根据“She is always friendly to everyone”和“in the end no one thinks about her”可知二者为转折关系，故选A。
【小题8】句意:她质疑:“她怎样才能交到真正的朋友?"when什么时候;how怎样;where在哪里;why为什么。根据“You can’t get real friends with some good words.”可知此处是问交朋友的方法，故选B。
【小题9】句意:你需要给她们真正的时间和爱。need需要;want想要;think认为;help帮助。根据“You can’t get real friends with some good words”可知妈妈告诉她交朋友需要付出，故选A。
【小题10】句意:眼里喊着眼泪，Lily知道了什么成就真正的朋友。fun有趣的;real真正的;nice好的;fine好的。根据“…can I make true friends”可知应是真正的朋友，故选B。

3. 阅读理解
A
Linda Evans was my best friend. We did everything together, piano lessons.,movies, swimming and horseback riding.
When I was 13.my family moved away.Linda and I kept in touch through letters. and we saw each other on special time-like my wedding and Linda’s. Soon we were busy with children and moving to new homes. and we wrote less often.One day a card that I sent came back. stamped “Address Unknown”. I had no idea how to find Linda.
Over the years, I missed Linda very much, I wanted to share stories of my children and then grandchildren. And I needed to share my sadness when my brother and then mother died. There was an empty place in my heart that only a friend like Linda could fill.
One day I was reading a newspaper when I noticed a photo of a young woman who looked a lot like Linda and whose last name was Wagman Linda’s married name.“There must be thousands of Wagmans.”I thought. but I still wrote to her.
She called as soon as she got my letter.“Mrs. Tobin!”she said excitedly “Linda Evans Wagman is my mother.”
Minutes later I heard a voice that I knew very much, even after 40 years, laughed and cried and caught up on each other’s lives. Now the empty place in my heart is filled,and there’s one thing that Linda and I know for sure: we won’t lose each other again!
1. The writer went to piano lessons with Linda Evans
A. at the age of 13 B. before she got married
C.after they moved to new homes D. before the writer’s family moved away
2. They didn’t often write to each other because they
A. got married B. didn't like writing letters
C. had little time to do so D. could see each other on special time
3.There was an empty place in the writer’s heart because she
A. didn’t have a friend like Linda to share her happiness or sadness
B. received the card that she sent
C.didn't know Linda's address
D. was in trouble
4. The writer was happy when she_
A. read the newspaper
B. heard Linda's voice on the phone
C. met a young woman who looked a lot like Linda
D. wrote to the woman whose last name was Wagman
5. They hadn’t kept in touch
A. for about 27 years B. for about 40 years
C. since they got married D. Since the writer’s family moved away

【答案】 DCABB
【分析】本文讲述了两个朋友至深的感情故事。
【小题1】细节理解题。根据第一段“We did everything together,piano lessons,movies,swimming,and horseback riding.When I was 13.my family moved away”可知作者和Linda一起上钢琴课是在他家搬走之前。故选D。
【小题2】细节理解题。根据第二段“Soon we were busy with children and moving to new homes and we wrote less often”可知我们都忙于自己的孩子和搬新家，很少有时间写信。故选C。
【小题3】细节理解题。根据第三段“I wanted to share stories of my children and then grandchildren. And I needed to share my sadness when my brother and then mother died. There was an empty place in my heart that onlva friend like Linda could fill”可知，我想要和Linda一起分享我的孩子和孙子的快乐，和母亲去世的悲伤，没有一个朋友像她一样快乐和忧伤都可以一起和我分享。故选A。
【小题4】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Minutes later I heard a voice that I knew very much,even after 40 years, laughed and cried and caught up on each other’s lives. Now the empty place in my heart is filled…”可知，我听到Linda的声音，心中那块空缺的地方被填满了，由此可知是在电话中听到Linda的声音使我感到快乐。故选B。
【小题5】细节理解题。根据最后一段“….even after 40years. laughed and cried and caught up on each other’s lives.”可知，40年后那份快乐和泪水再次出现在彼此的生活中，由此推测她们大约40年未联系了。故选B。

B
If you have no friends, you may feel lonely. Do you want to make friends with others? Please remember to keep your words all the time. In this way, people around you will get along well with you.
To make friends and keep them, you have to keep your words. If you agree to meet someone at a certain time, you should arrive at the place on time or a little earlier. If you agree to help others. you must do it. Of course. if there is something unexpected(没有预料到的) happening and you can’t do it your friends will understand this.
If someone always lies or makes excuses for breaking his words(食言). would you like to have him as one of your best friends? You wouldn’t. And your own friends feel the same way.
You must be more careful when you have to agree to do something for your friends. Don’t have “Maybe” in your mind when you say something about what you are going to do.
1. The underlined phrase“keep one s words” means in Chinese.
A.记住单词 B. 记录语言 C.保存单词 D. 信守诺言
2. If you want to make friends, it is very important to
A. keep your words B. be funny C. be kind to them D. be helpful for them
3. Your friends wouldn't mind if
A. you agree to help them B. you are helpful
C. there is something unexpected happening D. you are late
4. Who may be your best friend?
A.He is always kind to you B. He always gives some money to you.
C. He always helps you with your life D. He always keeps his words.
5. We can know that from the passage?
A. we should agree to help others B. we should be ready to help others
C. it's difficult to make friends D. we should keep our words when we make friends

【答案】 D ACDD
【分析】这篇文章主要讲述信守诺言的问题。文章介绍了答应别人的事情务必做到，朋友也和自己一样不喜欢经常撒谎或者为不遵守诺言而找借口的人。
【小题1】词意猜测题。根据下文“If you agree to meet someone at a certain time,you should arrive at the place on time or a little earlier. If you agree to help others,you must do it.”，如果你同意在某个时间与某人见面，你应该准时或早一点到达那个地方。如果你同意帮助别人，你必须去做。可推断出，“keep one’s words”是指“信守诺言”，故选D。
【小题2】细节理解题。根据短文To make friends and keep them,you have to keep your words.要交朋友并留住他们，你必须信守诺言。可知，如果交朋友，信守诺言是非常重要的。故选A。
【小题3】细节理解题。根据“Of course,if there is something unexpected(没有预料到的)happening and you can’t do it, your friends will understand this.”当然，如果有意想不到的事情发生而你做不到，你的朋友会理解的。故选C。
【小题4】细节理解题。联系上下文并根据短文的第一段Please remember to keep your words all the time. In this way, people around you will get along well with you.”请记得一直遵守你的诺言。这样，你周围的人会和你相处得很好。可知，信守诺言的人可以成为好朋友。故选D。
【小题5】细节理解题。联系上下文并结合短文第二段“To make friends and keep them you have to keep your words.”要交朋友并留住他们，你必须信守诺言。可推测交朋友应该信守诺言。故选D。