初中英语外研版 (新标准)九年级上册Unit 1 It’s more than 2,000 years old.精品精练

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 Module 8 Sports life
Unit 1 Daming wasn’t chosen for the team last time.
知识精讲

1. Tony's team BIG stands for Beijing International Giants.托尼的队名BIG代表“北京国际巨人”。
stand for
① 是…的缩写；代表；象征
² VIP stands for very important person. VIP是very important person的缩写。
² What do the letters US stand for? 字母US代表什么呢？
②容忍；支持
² He can't stand for her words any more. 他再也不能容忍她的话了。
² Which player do you stand for? 你支持哪个选手？
2. Who are you playing against? 你们将和谁比赛？（教材第64页，3）
(1)play against 和……对抗/比赛
Our team will play against a famous team in our town. 我们队将和镇里著名的队伍比赛。
(2)辨析:against与for
against
介词
和……比赛，反对，对抗，违反
for
介词
赞成，支持，拥护
² I am in our football team and we are going to play against another team next month.
我是足球队的一名队员，我们将在下个月和另一个队比赛。
² Will you be for or against the plan? 你将会支持还是反对这个计划？

This is not the first time for the two teams to play______ each other.
A. for B. of C. from D. against
【答案】D
【解析】考查介词。句意：这不是两支队第一次打比赛了。play against “和……打比赛”，故选D。
3. Didn't they beat you last time? 上次他们没有打败你们吗？（教材第64页，3）
辨析：beat 与 win 二者均可用作及物动词，区别如下：
beat( beat, beaten)
赢，打败
宾语是竞争对手，即指某人或团队的名词或代词
win(won, won)
赢得
宾语是表示比赛、战争、奖品等的名词
I want to win the game so that I must beat him in this match.
我想要赢得比赛，因此我必须在这场比赛中打败他。
4. But Daming wasn’t chosen for the team last time. 但是大明上次没选入校队。(教材第64页，3)
该句是一般现在时的被动语态，本模块的核心语法。被动语态基本结构是be+done，时态则体现在be动词上。所以一般过去时的被动语态基本结构就是把be动词变成was、were，即主语+was/were+done. 否定句在be动词后加not，即主语+wasn’t/weren’t + done。
一般疑问句把be动词提前即可，Was/Were +主语+done？M8U3语法专项还会继续详细讲解。

(2021·吉林省长春市·月考试卷)—Simon, do you know who invented the kite?
—Sure! It ______ by Mozi over 2,000 years ago.
A. is invented B. invented
C. was invented D. will be invented
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——西蒙，你知道是谁发明的风筝吗？——当然知道！风筝是两千年前墨子发明的。根据over 2,000 years ago可知，应用一般过去时；主语It指代the kite，和谓语动词invent之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态；一般过去时的被动语态结构为was/were+动词的过去分词，故选C。
5. That was a bad decision.那是个糟糕的决定。(教材第64页，3)
decision [可数名词]“决定，决心”；动词是decide
make a decision/make decisions做决定；下决心
He has made a decision to use this plan. 他已经决定要使用这个计划。
【拓展】 make a decision to do sth.“决定做某事”相当于“decide to do sth.”
Lucy made a decision to buy a new house. =Lucy decided to buy a new house.
路西决定买一个新的房子。
【助记】
decide(v.决定）去de+-sion（名词后缀）→decision（n.决定）
6. That's no excuse! 那不是理由！（教材第64页，3）
excuse
① [名词]（辩解的）“理由；借口”
excuse for(doing)sth.“(做)某事的理由/借口”
There is no excuse for being late. 迟到没有借口。
② [及物动词]原谅
Please excuse me.请原谅我。
7. …, but if you want good seats, you should come by 11:30.
但是如果你想要好座位，你应该11：30之前来。（教材第 64页，3）
（1）seat 名词 “座位，席位”，常指成排的较多的座位，不同于chair。
² Take a seat please. 请就座。
seat也可作动词，常指“入座，就座”，后面可接人或反身代词。
² Be seated, please! 请就座。
² I seated myself on the grass. 我在草地上坐了下来。
² I want to change a car that can seat seven people. 我想换一个七座的汽车。
【辨析】seat与sit
① 读音不同 seat/si:t/, sit/sit/。
② seat可用被动形式表“就座”，而sit无被动形式。
③ take a seat 表示入座更有礼貌，而sit down多用于上对下含有命令口气。
（2）by+时间名词 意为“到……时，最晚、不迟于……，在……之前”，多用于完成时。
² How many English words had you learned by the end of last term?
到上学期末，你们已经学了多少个英文单词？（了解下过去完成时-过去的过去）
8. No way! 不可能！（教材第 64页，3）
no way “没门儿，不行；不可能”
常用来表示不同意做某事或认为某事不可能发生。
² -Lucy, can I borrow your ruler? 路西，我能借你的尺子吗？
² -No way! 不行！

(2021·全国·单元测试)—Do you think Mary will like that picture?
—________. Itˈs the ugliest one Iˈve ever seen.
A. No way B. I promise you C. Me too D. You bet
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——你认为玛丽会喜欢这幅画吗？——不可能，这是我见过的最丑的一幅画。No way不可能；I promise you我保证；Me too我也是；You bet当然。根据答语中的“这是我见过的最丑的一幅画”可知，玛丽不可能喜欢这幅画，故选A。
9. Face the truth, Tony. You’ve got no chance! 面对现实吧。你们没有机会了！
face这里是动词“面对，面临，正视”。face还可作名词“脸，面孔，面部表情”。
truth这里是名词“真实，事实，真相，真理”。形容词形式是true。
² It’s not always easy to face the truth. 面对现实并不总是一件容易的事儿。
² The truth generally falls in the hands of the minority. 整理通常掌握在少数人手中。
10. That’s not fair. 那不公平。
fair作形容词时常见意思有“公平的，合理的，（皮肤）白皙的，（头发）金黄的”等。
² The punishment was very fair. He deserved it.
这个处罚很公正。他活该。
² She has short fair hair.她留着金色短发。
【拓展】unfair“不公平的”
² They had been given an unfair advantage. 他们得到了不公正的好处。
fair还可做名词表示“集市，露天游乐场，展销会”
11. Remember to throw the ball, not kick it, Tony! 记得要投球，不要踢球，托尼！（教材第64页，3）
辨析：remember to do sth.与 remember doing sth.
remember to do sth。记得去做某事，还没做
remember doing sth.记得做过某事，已做过
² Remember to return my bag.记得还我包啊。（你记着还，现在还没还）
² I remember seeing her before.我记得以前见过她。（确实见过，记不起来了）
12. He's so mad at us that he'll try harder to win, just to show we're wrong!
他对我们如此生气，以至于他将会为了获胜而更加努力，只为证明我们是错的！（教材第64页，3)
（1）be mad at “生…的气，对…发怒”
同义词组：be angry with
² He was mad at his children. =He was angry with his children.他生他孩子的气。
（2）so+形容词/副词+that从句 “如此……以至于”，是一种特殊句式。详细讲解见九上M4U3。
² He is so nice that everyone likes him.他人特别好，以至于每个人都喜欢他。

(2022·新疆维吾尔自治区·单元测试)—Did you catch what the teacher said?
—No. She spoke ______ fast ______ I couldn't hear her very clearly.
A. too; to B. too; that C. so; that D. such; that
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——你听到老师说什么了吗？——没有。她说得太快了，我听不太清楚。too...to...意为“太……而不能……”；so+形容词/副词+that+从句，意为“如此……以至于……”；such+名词短语+that+从句，意为“如此……以至于……”；fast副词，第二空后跟的是句子，故选C。
13. I do hope they win this time.我的确希望他们这次会赢。（教材第64页，3)
do ：助动词do放在动词原形表示加强语气，用来强调后面的主要动词。
² He does love his children. 他的确爱他的孩子。




同步练习



题组A 基础过关练
一、 用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1、 Please tell me the _______ (true), or I’ll be angry with you.
2、 Don’t worry. I remember __________ (shut) the window just now.
3、 They ____________ (swim) in the river at ten o’clock yesterday morning.
4、 The days are getting longer and _________ (long).
5、 A singing competition ________ (hold) in our school last week.
【答案】1.truth; 2. shutting ; 3. were swimming; 4. longer; 5. was held
【解析】1. 根据句意：请告诉我事实真相，否则我会生气的。事实真相做tell的宾语，用名词，故答案是truth。
2. 句意：不要担心。我记得刚才关上窗户了。可知确实关窗户了，应该是remember doing“记得做过某事”，故答案是shutting。
3. 句意：昨天上午十点钟他们在河里游泳。过去某一时间点在做什么，要用过去进行时，基本结构是was/were+doing. 又因为主语是they，故答案是were swimming。
4. 句意：白天变得越来越长了。比较级and比较级“越来越…”, 故答案是longer。
5. 主语A singing competition “唱歌比赛”和谓语动词hold“举行”存在被动关系，故要用被动语态，又因为时间状语是last week“上周”，所以此题考查的是一般过去时的被动语态：主语+was/ were +done. 主语是单数，be动词选was，再把hold变成过去分词held，故答案是was held。
二、 根据汉语意思完成句子。
6、 HAS是什么的缩写?
What does HAS _______ ________?
7、 怀特先生已经离开，你没有机会了。
Mr. White has left. You have got ______ _______.
8、 这两个次在意义上没有区别。
There is _______ ________ in meaning between the two words.
9、 我们会在那儿为他们加油的。
We’ll be there to _______ _______them.
10、 —你能帮我写作业吗？
—不可能！
—Can you help me finish the homework?
—_______ _______.
【答案】6. stand for; 7. no chance; 8. no difference; 9. cheer for; 10. No way
【解析】略
三、 单项选择。
11. — Alan, how do you like ________ book “the Three-Body”?
—It’s really ________ interesting book. I can learn some scientific knowledge from it.
A. a, an B. the, a C. the, an D. a, the
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——Alan，你认为“the Three-Body”那本书怎么样？——它真是一本有趣的书。我可以从书中学到一些科学知识。第一个空，名词“book”后有修饰语，故用定冠词；第二个空，表示泛指，且首字母发音为元音音素。根据句意可知，故选C。
12. (2021·全国·单元测试)Theyˈre so mad ________ us that theyˈll try harder to win, just to show weˈre wrong.
A. from B. at C. about D. in
【答案】B
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：他们如此生我们的气以至于会更加努力去赢来表明我们是错的。be mad at sb.“生某人的气”；be mad about sb.“特别喜爱某人”。由设空处后的us及句意可知选B。
13. (2022·北京市市辖区·同步练习)I think ______ is important for these people to feel good about themselves.
A. this B. that C. it D. what
【答案】C
【解析】I think后跟的是省略that的宾语从句，而在宾语从句中，it在此处作形式主语，其后的动词不定式才是真正的主语。
14. (2022·广东省·模拟题)It’s a good idea ____to the Great Wall this summer.
A. go B. went C. to go D. to going
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词不定式。本句中it为形式主语，真正主语是动词不定式短语“今年夏天去长城”，故选C。
15. (2021·北京市·历年真题)The teacher is glad to see that Tony is ______ than before.
A. careful B. more careful
C. most careful D. the most careful
【答案】B
【解析】句意：老师很高兴看到托尼比以前更细心了。根据关键词than可知，应该用形容词的比较级形式。故选B。
16. (2022·北京市市辖区·同步练习)I have __________ many friends __________ it is hard to choose just one best friend.
A. so; as B. so; that C. such, as D. such; that
【答案】B
【解析】考查结果状语从句。句意：我有如此多的朋友，以至于很难从中挑选出一位最好的朋友来。so后跟形容词或副词，such后跟名词，但是当句中含有many，much，little等词时，用副词so，排除C、D；so... that...“如此……以至于”，故选B。
17. -Mum, must I be a teacher like you when I grow up?
- No, you needn’t. You can make your own ________.
A. difference B. discovery C. decision D. discussion
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词辨析。difference “不同”，discovery“发现”， decision “决定”，discussion“讨论”。句意：-妈妈，我长大后必须像你一样当老师吗？-不，不必。你可以做自己的_______.由题意可知是作决定，故选C。
18. -Bob, you are late for school again! What’s your _______ this time?
- Sorry, Mr Smith. I promise this is the last time.
A. plan B.name C. message D. excuse
【答案】D
【解析】名词辨析。plan计划，name名字，message信息，excuse借口。句意：-Bob，你怎么又迟到了？这次是什么_______? – 对不起，史密斯老师。我保证下次不迟到了。可知Bob总迟到，还找借口。故选D。
19. (2022·北京市市辖区·同步练习)一What a beautiful picture!
一Thank you. It _____ when I travelled in Paris last year.
A. takes B. took C. is taken D. was taken
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——多么漂亮的照片呀！——谢谢。是去年我在巴黎旅游时拍的。主语it与动词take之间是被动关系，last year是一般过去时的标志，故选D。
20. (2021·全国·单元测试)—Where are you? I can't see you here at the theatre.
—______. I'm just one block（街区） away.
A. Good idea B. My pleasure
C. I'm coming D. Nice talking to you
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——你在哪里？我在电影院没看到你。——我这就来。我离你仅仅一个街区远。Good idea好主意；My pleasure乐意效劳；I'm coming我这就来；Nice talking to you很高兴和你谈话。由后句“我离你仅仅一个街区远”可知，此处应为“我这就来”。故选C。


题组B 能力提升练
四、 补全对话
(2021·全国·单元测试)根据对话内容，选择恰当的句子填入对话相应的空白处，使对话完整，合乎情景。 有两项多余。
A: Do you like ball games?
B:     (21)     
A: Which ball game do you like best, football, basketball or Ping Pong?
B:     (22)     What about you?
A:     (23)     
B: Football is very popular in our school. But I like basketball better than football.
A:     (24)     
B: Yes, most of the boys in my class are good at it.
A: Can you play basketball with us after school?
B:     (25)     We will have a class meeting this afternoon.
A．Sure, I’d love to.
B．Sorry, I’m afraid not.
C．I think I like football best.
D．No, I don’t.
E. Are you good at basketball?
F. It’s hard to say.
G. Very much.
【答案】【21】G【22】F【23】C【24】E【25】B
【解析】21. 根据问句Do you like ball games? “你喜欢球类运动吗？”故知此处说的是：非常喜欢，故选G。
22. ​​​​​​​根据问句Which ball game do you like best, football, basketball or Ping Pong?“你最喜欢哪种球类运动，足球、篮球还是乒乓球？”故知此处说的是：很难说，故选F。
23. ​​​​​​​根据答句Football is very popular in our school. But I like basketball better than football“足球在我们学校很受欢迎。但比起足球我更喜欢篮球。”故知此处说的是：我认为我最喜欢足球，故选C。
24. ​​​​​​​根据答句Yes, most of the boys in my class are good at it“是的，我们班的大多数男生都很擅长打篮球。”故知此处说的是：你擅长打篮球吗？故选E。
25. ​​​​​​​根据所给空后面的句子We will have a class meeting this afternoon. “今天下午我们要开班会。”故知此处说的是：抱歉，恐怕不行，故选B。
五、阅读理解
(2022·广西壮族自治区·单元测试)
A

Jack

       I really love football. I am a member of our school football team. I play football four times a week. I also like cricket(板球) and I play it a lot in summer. I don't like tennis. I think it's boring.
Cathy
       I don't like sports at school very much, but I like going fishing with my dad. It's great fun and it's very exciting. Sometimes we go to Scotland and go deep-sea fishing if we have a long holiday.
Sally
       I hate gymnastics(体操). Our gym teacher is really terrible. What I like best is swimming because I'm very good at it. I can swim faster than the other kids in my class. I also like badminton.
26. Jack is a member of ________.
A. a football team B. a cricket team C. a swimming club D. a fishing club
27. Jack thinks tennis is ________.
A. exciting B. relaxing C. boring D. easy
28. What's Sally's favorite sport?
A. Running. B. Tennis. C. Gymnastics. D. Swimming.
29. After reading the passage, we can know ________.
A. when Jack joined the football team
B. why Cathy loves sports very much
C. why Cathy goes to Scotland sometimes
D. what Sally thinks of tennis
30. The three students are talking about ________.
A. health B. sports C. football D. travel
【答案】A、C、D、C、B
【解析】 【文章大意】本文列举了三个学生（Jack, Cathy和Sally）对运动的观点和看法。
26细节理解题。根据Jack描述中的“I am a member of our school football team.”可知，他是学校足球队的一名成员，故答案为A。
27 细节理解题。根据Jack描述中的“I don't like tennis. I think it's boring.”可知，杰克觉得网球很无聊，故答案为C。
28细节理解题。根据Sally描述中的“What I like best is swimming”可知，她最喜欢游泳，故答案为D。
29推理判断题。根据Cathy描述中的“Sometimes we go to Scotland and go deep-sea fishing if we have a long holiday.”可知答案为C。
30主旨大意题。三个学生谈论的是运动，故答案为B。

(2020·四川省广安市·单元测试)
B
    Everyone knows that exercise is important. We all need to exercise. Doctors say it’s good for us. It keeps body strong. When the daytime comes, we must get up. This is the time for exercise. Exercise means doing things with the body. There are many ways to exercise. You can walk, run, swim, skate, or play ball games. Make sure you exercise in the following (下面的) ways: You have to like what you’re doing. Exercise enough—but not too much. It’s good to exercise twice each week. Thirty minutes each time is enough. Try all kinds of things until you find one, two or three sports that feel right for you. Exercising can be fun. Friends can exercise together at a fitness center, or they can play sports together. How do you exercise?
31. In the passage the writer tells us that we all need to __________
A. drink B. relax C. exercise D. work
32. Which of the following sports we can’t find in the passage?
A. Fishing. B. Running. C. Swimming. D. Walking.
33. What does exercise mean?
A. It means doing things with the body.
B. It means studying.
C. It means doing lessons.
D. It means playing.
34. What can exercise do to the body?
A. It can make the body weak. B. It can make the body strong.
C. It can make us sick. D. It can make us sleep more.
35. The words “ fitness center ” in the text mean “ ___________” .
A. 减肥中心 B. 健身中心 C. 购物中心 D. 医疗中心
【答案】C、A、A、B、B
【解析】【文章大意】文章讲的是锻炼，锻炼对人的身体有好处，我们应该怎样锻炼，锻炼应该注意些什么？
31 根据文中We all need to exercise.可知，我们都需要锻炼，故选C。
32 根据文中You can walk, run, swim, skate, or play ball games.（你可以散步，跑步，游泳，滑冰或进行球类运动。）可知，没有提到钓鱼，故选A。
33. 根据文中Exercise means doing things with the body.可知，锻炼的意思是用身体做一些事情，故选A。
34. 根据文中It keeps body strong.可知，锻炼可以使身体强健，故选B。
35. 根据Friends can exercise together at a fitness center , or they can play sports together.（朋友们可以一起在健身中心锻炼，或者一起做运动。结合选项可以推测出，“ fitness center”在此是“健身中心”的意思，故选B。