2022-2023学年度上海市杨浦区同济大学第一附属中学高三下学期5月月考英语试题（含听力）

这是一份2022-2023学年度上海市杨浦区同济大学第一附属中学高三下学期5月月考英语试题（含听力），共40页。

同济大学第一附属中学
2022—20203学年第二学期质控2高三年级英语试卷
(考试时间：120分钟 满分：140分)
I. Listening Comprehension
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A. Impatient. B. Confused. C. Sincere. D. Comfortable.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: The train should have been here two hours ago. How much longer are we going to wait?
W: Until it comes, Jimmy. We don’t have much choice.
Q: What’s the man’s feeling?
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A. In a restaurant. B. In a hotel. C. In a café. D. In a snack bar.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: What time do you start serving breakfast, please?
W: At seven in the dining-room. But you can get it earlier in your room if you wish.
Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place?
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A. American literature. B. Elementary education. C. Children’s literature. D. Art history.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi, Helen, what do you think of this class in children’s literature?
W: It is pretty good. I didn’t know that you also major in elementary education.
Q: What is the major field of the two speakers?
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A. She will continue her work on vacation. B. Papers piled while she was on vacation.
C. She has too much work to do. D. She has made her vacation plans.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: I’m afraid you’ve been working too hard. You should take a vacation.
W: Tell that to the pile of papers on my desk!
Q: What does the woman imply?
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A. The man can only make a local call. B. The man can’t use her telephone.
C. The man can call any person in the world. D. The man can be her guest at any time.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi, Mag. May I use your telephone?
W: Yes. Be my guest as long as it’s a local call.
Q: What does the woman mean?
6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A. Because the working hours were not suitable. B. Because the job was quite difficult.
C. Because he had to do a lot of travelling. D. Because the job was not well paid.
【答案】D
【解析】
【原文】W: Do you know that Mark turned down that job offered by a travel agency?
M: Yeah, the hours were convenient but he wouldn’t have been able to make ends meet.
Q: Why did Mark refuse to take the job?
7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A. Finish checking his reference. B. Complete the research.
C. Put the material in order. D. Finish typing the paper.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: How are you getting along with your research paper?
M: I’ve finished all my research, but I haven’t been able to organize it, so I haven’t begun the paper yet.
Q: What does the man have to do now?
8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A. He’ll ask Steve to go to the beach with them. B. He wants to make sure the weather is clear.
C. He doesn’t know if they can have a room. D. He isn’t sure whether there’ll be space for Steve.
【答案】D
【解析】
【原文】W: Steve asked if he could take a ride with us to the beach.
M: Well, I will see whether or not we’ll have room. It’s still not clear.
Q: What does the man mean?
9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A. Go on a trip. B. Take a long sail. C. Run a restaurant. D. Prepare a meal.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Our children are waiting downstairs. Let’s hurry.
W: Wait a minute. We’ll take some food with us. They don’t like the meal served on the train.
Q: What are the speakers’ family probably going to do?
10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A. She only read the contents of the book. B. She didn’t omit a single detail.
C. She scanned the whole book. D. She read only some chapters of the book.
【答案】D
【解析】
【原文】M: Have you finished reading the book you borrowed from the library?
W: Oh, I didn’t read exactly the way you did. I just read some chapters which interested me most.
Q: How did the woman read the book?
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the question will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

11. A. The location. B. The scenery. C. The seafood. D. The culture.
12.
A. Attract whales to the closer shore. B. Tell people where to see whales.
C. Warn people to stay away from shore. D. Go around to gather enough visitors.
13.
A. It is held every other year in summer.
B. It helps Whale Crier to show his talents.
C. It guarantees everyone to find something to enjoy.
D. It is one of the best eco-arts festivals in South Africa.
【答案】11. A 12. B 13. C
【解析】
【原文】The annual whale festival in Hermanus, South Africa, starts today. The coastal town, located on the Western Cape about 1.5 hours from Cape Town, is famous for whale watching. It is one of the best locations in the world to witness large numbers of southern right whales moving in the season. The festival, which is the only eco-arts festival in South Africa, attracts over 130,000 visitors.
Hermanus also has the world’s only “Whale Crier”, whose job is to go around and tell people where they may see whales — with his horn. Fortunately, the timing of the festival almost guarantees a whale sighting — as close as a few meters from shore!
The whales are, of course, the main attraction of the festival, but many more terrific activities are available. The seaside environment, with the surrounding mountains, makes an ideal setting to enjoy the festival’s musical performances and fantastic seafood. For those who desire more adventure, there’s open water swimming, a night run and sports challenges. Other activities include an old car show, arts and crafts stalls and entertainment for kids. With something for everyone, what more could one ask for?
Questions:
1. What is the reason for so many visitors choosing to watch whales in Hermanus?
2. What does Whale Crier do at the festival?
3. What can we learn about the whale festival?
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

14. A. Weak bones. B. Loose teeth. C. Skin problems. D. Heart diseases.
15.
A. Having food rich in vitamin.
B. Walking midday in the sun with no suncream.
C. Taking vitamin D pills every day.
D. Wearing darker coloured clothes and sunhats.
16.
A. To analyze the common causes of lack of vitamin D.
B. To encourage people to be exposed to the sun for vitamin D.
C. To emphasize the importance of vitamin D in one’s health.
D. To introduce some different ways to gain vitamin D.
【答案】14. C 15. B 16. B
【解析】
【原文】 In the dead of winter, we don’t typically think about spending time outdoors, but according to many medical experts, we should. The sun is our greatest source of vitamin D, which is essential for good health.
This important nutrient strengthens bones and teeth and is linked to the prevention of heart disease, cancer and many other life-threatening diseases. In contrast, a lack of vitamin D can lead to weak bones and teeth as well as other health problems.
The recommended daily requirement of vitamin D is 400-600 IU. But how can we get it? In summer, people with dark brown eyes and darker skin change sunlight into adequate amount of vitamin D from just 15 minutes outside without suncream. Even during winter, just a10-minute walk midday can keep the body’s vitamin D at healthy levels. During brief winter walks, we receive the greatest benefits when we wear no suncream and expose as much skin to the sun as possible.
However, the vitamin can also be obtained from foods such as sea fish, tofu and eggs. Vitamin D pills are another option, but consult a doctor first.
Questions:
1. Which of the following is not among the diseases related to lack of Vitamin D according to the passage?
2. How can we maintain vitamin D at healthy levels during winter according to the passage?
3. What is the main purpose of the passage?
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17.
A. She wants to find a topic for her research. B. She tries to help the man with his paper.
C. She hopes to learn how to write a paper. D. She plans to work on a similar topic.
18. A. In 1813. B. In 1826. C. In 1839. D. In 1856.
19.
A. They are mainly grown for the domestic market.
B. They were the first plant to be planted in England.
C. They were introduced to China from Australia.
D. They are kept warm in large plastic houses.
20.
A. Growth of domestic economy in Australia. B. Export and import of bananas in Australia.
C. History of banana cultivation in Australia. D. Role of agriculture in Australian economy.
【答案】17. A 18. D 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi. Martin. How are you going with your Australian studies research paper?
M: Oh, good. I’ve finished it actually.
W: Lucky you. I’m still trying to find an interesting topic.
M: Well… after some consideration I decided to look at the history of banana growing in Australia.
W: (surprised) Banana growing!
M: Yes, banana growing!
W: Fascinating, I’m sure.
M: Well. I bet there are a few things you didn’t know about bananas, such as the fact that bananas were the first plants ever to be grown.
W: So where were these bananas first grown?
M: According to my research, the Cavendish banana, which is the first type to be cultivated here, actually originated in China but it had a fairly roundabout route before it went to Australia.
W: You mean they didn’t go straight from China to Australia?
M: No, they didn’t. It seems that in 1826, bananas were taken from South China to England. Thirty years later, they were brought here in Australia.
W: It sounds quite interesting. But are they hard to grow?
M: If you plant them in rich soil and give them plenty of water at the beginning of summer, they should be well advanced by the beginning of winter. But in a country like England, they’re hard to grow.
W: But in Australia, it’s not difficult?
M: No, but even here, the growers put plastic bags around the bunches to keep the temperature.
W: So do we export lots of bananas overseas, to Europe and Asia for instance?
M: Well, strangely enough, no. They are most grown for the domestic market, which is surprising when you think that we grow an enormous number of bananas each year.
W: Yes, thank you for all that information. I’m sure your paper will go really well.
M: Let’s hope so.
Questions:
1. Why does the woman start this conversation with Martin?
2. When were bananas first brought to Australia?
3. Which of the following about Australian bananas is true according to Martin?
4. What might be the focus of Martin’s research paper?
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Behaviour contracts for teenagers
The conflict between you and your son or daughter is a problem, maybe it’s time you thought about setting up a ‘home rules contract’. This is an idea that’s being used more and more often, especially in families with rebellious teenage children. We interviewed Dr Amy Barker, a psychologist, who is in favour of the idea.
What is a home rules contract?
Dr Barker: It’s a formal agreement about the rules of behavior that teenagers____21____(expect)to follow at home. It should state clearly what the rules are, what privileges the teens will get if they obey the rules and what punishments will follow if they don’t. The contract is signed by everyone____22____(involve), just like a legal document.
Who____23____ write the contract?
Dr Barker: All the adults who have a parental role should be engaged. It’s important that they all agree and stick to the rules themselves. At the same time, the teenagers should also contribute their ideas.____24____ they take part in making the rules, they’ll be more likely to follow them. The final contract should be the result of discussion,____25____(respect)everyone’s point of view, and all the people who have signed should get a copy.
What are the advantages of a contract?
Dr Barker: It makes it very clear to teens what they are and aren’t allowed____26____(do), and they can see what the consequences of their actions will be. So they learn to control their behaviour. For parents, the contract strengthens their authority and helps them to be fair and reliable.
What areas should be covered in a contract?
Dr Barker: That depends. You can’t make rules for everything, so you have to decide what’s most important and____27____ the main problems lie. Common topics include the hours____28____ teenagers ought to be home, the spending money they receive, the housework they need to do at home and their use of phones or networking sites. For older teens, rules about driving a car may also be important.
Do contracts solve____29____?
Dr Barker: No, of course not! There will always be conflicts and disagreements_____30_____ people in a family. But a contract that everyone respects can help to keep the peace.
【答案】21. are expected
22. involved
23. ought to
24 If 25. Respecting
26. to do 27. where
28. when 29. everything
30. between
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了青少年行为契约的相关信息
【21题详解】
考查时态和短语。句意：巴克博士:这是一份关于青少年在家里应该遵守的行为规则的正式协议。be expected to do sth“被期望做某事”，本句在陈述事实，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are expected。
【22题详解】
考查形容词。句意：合同就像法律文件一样，由所有相关人员签署。involved“涉及的”作后置定语。故填involved。
【23题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：合同应该由谁来写？根据句意可知，表示应该，用情态动词ought to 。故填ought to。
【24题详解】
考查条件状语从句。句意：如果他们参与制定规则，他们就更有可能遵守规则。根据句意可知，本句为if引导的条件状语从句，置于句首，首字母大写。故填If。
【25题详解】
考查动名词。句意：尊重每个人的观点，所有签名的人都应该得到一份。动名词做主语，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Respecting。
【26题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：它让青少年清楚地知道他们可以做什么，不可以做什么，他们可以看到自己的行为会带来什么后果。be allowed to do sth“被允许做某事”。故填to do。
【27题详解】
考查连接副词。句意：你不能为每件事都制定规则，所以你必须决定什么是最重要的，主要问题在哪里。decide后接宾语从句，表示地点，用连接副词where。故填where。
【28题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：常见的话题包括青少年应该在家的时间、他们收到的零花钱、他们需要在家里做的家务以及他们对电话或社交网站的使用。hours为先行词，在定语从句中作时间状语，关系副词为when。 故填when。
【29题详解】
考查代词。句意：合同能解决所有问题吗？根据句意可知，本句为不定代词everything作宾语。故填everything。
【30题详解】
考查介词。句意：在一个家庭中，人们之间总是会有冲突和分歧。根据句意可知，表示两者之间，用between。故填between。
Section B
Direction: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. addressing B. adoption C. attend D. budgeting E. cautions
F. correspond G. extended H. hesitancy I. packages J. regardless
K. rigid
Top work-life balance benefits for 2023
“Flexibility is the gold standard of work-life balance benefits,” says Jonathan Pas, health care leader at consulting firm Mercer.
It’s no surprise then that two years after the pandemic forced most office workers to perform their jobs remotely. 78% of employers say they’ll allow employees to continue doing so regularly in 2023, according to a Mercer survey. But there’s still some ____31____: only 9% say they will allow employees to work remotely daily.
____32____, flexibility around when employees work is just as important as where. In the survey, 66% of employers said they would offer flexible work schedules over the course of a typical work day, such as specific times during the week to ____33____ to personal matters and four-day work weeks. Employees no longer want to organize their personal life around a(n) ____34____ work schedule but instead want the two interwoven, so they can decide what to prioritize and when.
Pas ____35____ against making hollow promises about a company’s commitment to work-life balance. “If employees feel a disconnection between programs that are rolled out and what senior leaders really expect, credibility is questioned, and the goodwill created through the program is denied.” He cites paid time off to volunteer, which almost half (45%) of companies say they will add to their benefits ____36____ next year.
Other benefits requiring a broader organizational buy-in are sabbaticals(公休假) and unlimited vacation days. Both benefits encourage employees to pursue interests outside of work with ____37____ periods off. Still, if they feel a dishonour associated with taking advantage of them, they’ll be hesitant to do so. The relatively low ____38____ rates for 2023, though—only 12% for sabbaticals and 15% for unlimited vacation—indicate that employers are still against paying employees not to work.
Instead, they prefer to find new ways to give employees more money, with the rise of employer-funded lifestyle accounts, which are often reserved for big-ticket items that might otherwise require some ____39____. Nevertheless, only 12% of employers said they would add lifestyle accounts in 2023, and 70% said they are considering them, which could indicate a trend on the horizon.
But perhaps the most telling statistic about the importance of _____40_____ work-life balance is the number of companies that said they don’t plan to offer any additional benefits to support work-life balance: a mere 5%.
【答案】31. H 32. J
33. C 34. K
35. E 36. I
37. G 38. B
39. D 40. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，分析了2023年可以给员工平衡工作和生活的一些高福利，如灵活性、公休假和无限休假等。
【31题详解】
考查名词。句意：但仍有一些犹豫：只有9%的人表示他们将允许员工每天远程工作。根据空前的“some”可知，空处应填名词。根据上一句“78% of employers say they’ll allow employees to continue doing so regularly in 2023, according to a Mercer survey.(美世公司的一项调查显示，78%的雇主表示，他们将允许员工在2023年继续定期这样做。)”和本句中的But可知，上下文是转折关系，这里表示仍有一些公司犹豫。hesitancy“犹豫”，为不可数名词，符合题意。故选H项。
【32题详解】
考查副词。句意：不管怎样，员工何时工作的灵活性和在哪里工作的灵活性同样重要。分析句子结构，空处应用副词，修饰整个句子。regardless“不管怎样”，为副词，符合题意。故选J项。
【33题详解】
考查动词。句意：在调查中，66%的雇主表示，他们会在一个典型的工作日内提供灵活的工作时间表，例如一周中处理个人事务的特定时间和一周工作四天。根据空前的不定式符号to可知，空处应填动词原形。根据空后的“to personal matters”可知，这里表示处理个人事情。attend to意为“对付，处理”。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词。句意：员工不再希望围绕严格的工作时间表来安排他们的个人生活，而是希望两者交织在一起，这样他们就可以决定优先处理什么事情以及何时处理。根据空前的a(n)和空后的“work schedule”可知，空处应用形容词。再结合本段第一句中的“flexibility”可知，这里表示不想围绕死板的工作时间表。rigid“死板的，严格的”符合题意。故选K项。
【35题详解】
考查动词。句意：Pas警告不要对公司为工作与生活平衡所做的保证做出空洞的承诺。分析句子结构，空处应为本句的谓语，且主语Pas为单数名词，所以谓语应用单数形式。caution“警告”符合题意。cautions在句中作谓语。故选E项。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：他列举了带薪休假做志愿者的例子，近一半（45%）的公司表示，他们将在明年把带薪休假增加到福利计划中。benefits package意为“福利计划”，符合题意。故选I项。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这两项福利都鼓励员工在延长时间休假的情况下追求工作之外的爱好。根据空后的名词“periods”可知，空处应用形容词。根据空前的“pursue interests outside of work”可知，工作之余追求爱好需要较长的休假。extended“延长了的，扩展了的”符合题意。故选G项。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：然而，2023年的采用率相对较低，只有12%的雇主采用公休假和15%的雇主采用无限休假，这表明雇主仍然反对支付员工不工作的工资。分析句子结构，空处可填名词，作定语修饰rates。根据下文中的“employers are still against”可知，这里是说雇主采用公休假和无限休假的比例。adoption“采用（想法、计划、名字等）”为名词，符合题意。故选B项。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：相反，随着雇主资助的生活方式账户的兴起，他们更喜欢找到新的方式给员工更多的钱，这些账户通常是为可能需要一些预算的大额项目保留的。根据空前的动词“require”和“some”可知，空处应用名词。根据前面的“big-ticket items”可知，大额项目会需要提前做好预算。budgeting“预算”为名词，符合题意。故选D项。
【40题详解】
考查动词。句意：但关于解决工作与生活平衡的重要性，最能说明问题的统计数据可能是，有多少公司表示不打算提供任何额外的福利来支持工作与生活的平衡：只有5%。根据空前的介词of和空后的“work-life balance”可知，空处应填动名词。addressing在这里作动名词。address“处理，对付”符合题意。故选A项。
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
More than half the world’s population live in cities, and by 2050 the UN expects that proportion to reach 68%. This means more homes, roads and other infrastructure. Such a construction ____41____ does harm to tackling climate change, though, because making steel and concrete generates around 8% of the world’s carbon-dioxide emissions. If cities are to ____42____ and become greener at the same time, they will have to be made from something else.
As it happens, Chicago might become part of the ____43____. In recent years, as architects have become increasingly interested in modern timber (木材) — construction methods, wooden buildings have been getting steadily ____44____. The current record is held by the 85-metre-tall Mjostarnet building in Norway, completed in 2019. But this would be ____45____ by the River Beech Tower, a 228-metre building proposed for a site beside the Chicago river.
As the AAAs meeting heard this week, wood is one of the most ____46____ sustainable alternatives to steel and concrete. It is not, however, everyday wood but a material called engineered timber, composed of different layers for specific purposes. Besides engineering the shape of a component, designers can arrange the grains (纹理) in the layers to provide levels of ____47____ that equal steel, in a product that is up to 80% lighter. Engineered timber is, ____48____, usually assembled into large sections of a building in a factory. That cuts down on the number of ____49____ that have to be made to a construction site.
All this ____50____ to carbon-dioxide emissions. Michael Ramage of the University of Cambridge told the meeting of a 300-square-metre four-storey wooden building that generated 126 tonnes of CO2. Had it been made with ____51____, emissions would have risen to 310 tonnes. If steel had been used, they would have topped 498 tonnes. Indeed, from one point of view, this building might actually be viewed as “carbon ____52____”. When trees grow, they lock carbon up in their wood — in this case the equivalent of 540 tonnes of CO2, representing a long-term reduction of CO2 from the atmosphere.
If building with wood takes off, it does raise concern about there being enough trees to ____53____. But with sustainably managed forests that should not be a problem, says Dr Ramage. A family-sized apartment requires about 30 cubic metres of timber, and he estimates Europe’s sustainable ____54____ alone grow that amount every seven seconds. Nor is fire a risk, for engineered timber does not burn easily, because the inner cores of large ____55____ timbers are protected by a charring (炭化) layer if burnt.
41. A. project B. ambition C. boom D. security
42. A. expand B. reform C. contract D. survive
43. A. rebel B. outcome C. answer D. issue
44. A. greener B. friendlier C. lighter D. taller
45. A. overbalanced B. overshadowed C. overlooked D. overstated
46. A. domestic B. promising C. debatable D. artificial
47. A. beauty B. strength C. friction D. dimension
48. A. nevertheless B. instead C. moreover D. meanwhile
49. A. deliveries B. checkouts C. purchases D. payments
50. A. adds value B. gives credit C. gives a boost D. makes a difference
51. A. cement B. timber C. concrete D. synthetics
52. A. positive B. negative C. friendly D. resistant
53. A. go round B. go away C. go over D. go down
54. A. advocates B. strategies C. forests D. farmers
55. A. imposing B. visible C. universal D. structural
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. C 44. D 45. B 46. B 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. D 51. C 52. B 53. A 54. C 55. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种能够替代钢铁和混凝土的新型工程木材以及它所具有的更加环保、节约及可持续性等优势。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，这样的建筑热潮不利于应对气候变化，因为制造钢铁和混凝土产生的二氧化碳约占世界二氧化碳排放量的8%。A. project项目；B. ambition野心；C. boom激增；D. security安全。根据前文“This means more homes, roads and other infrastructure.”可知，城市人口的增长导致建筑的激增。故选C项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果城市要在扩张的同时变得更环保，就必须用别的东西来建造。A. expand扩张；B. reform改革；C. contract订立……的合同；D. survive幸存。根据前文“This means more homes, roads and other infrastructure.”可知，城市需要更多的房屋、道路和其他基础设施，也就是扩张。故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：碰巧的是，芝加哥可能会成为答案的一部分。A. rebel叛逆者；B. outcome结果；C. answer答案；D. issue问题。根据前文“they will have to be made from something else.”以及后文“But this would be 　　　　5　　　　 by the River Beech Tower, a 228-metre building proposed for a site beside the Chicago river.”可知，芝加哥打算造木结构建筑，所以是答案的一部分。故选C项。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：近年来，随着建筑师们对现代木结构建筑方法越来越感兴趣，木结构建筑也越来越高。A. greener更绿色的；B. friendlier更友爱的；C. lighter更明亮的；D. taller更高的。根据后文“The current record is held by the 85-metre-tall Mjostarnet building in Norway, completed in 2019.”可知，此处是在讲述木结构建筑的高度。故选D项。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这将被河滨山毛榉大厦(River Beech Tower)所掩盖，这是一座228米高的建筑，拟建在芝加哥河旁。A. overbalanced失去平衡；B. overshadowed掩盖；C. overlooked忽略；D. overstated夸大。根据后文“a 228- metre building proposed for a site beside the Chicago river.”可知，一栋更高的木结构建筑将被建造，所以是被掩盖。故选B项。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：正如本周AAAs会议上听到的那样，木材是钢铁和混凝土最有前途的可持续替代品之一。A. domestic本国的；B. promising有前途的；C. debatable可争辩的；D. artificial人工的。根据前文“As it happens, Chicago might become part of the 　　　　3　　　　.”可知，芝加哥可能会成为答案的一部分是因为，它将建造最高的木结构建筑，所以木材是钢铁和混凝土最有前途的可持续替代品之一。故选B项。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了设计零件的形状外，设计师还可以将颗粒分层排列，使产品的强度达到与钢铁相当的水平，从而使产品的重量减轻80%。A. beauty美丽；B. strength强度；C. friction摩擦；D. dimension尺寸。根据后文“equal steel”结合选项，应是强度达到与钢铁相当的水平符合实际。故选B项。
【48题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，工程木材通常在工厂组装成大型的部分建筑。A. nevertheless然而；B. instead相反；C. moreover此外；D. meanwhile同时。根据本处“Engineered timber is usually assembled into large sections of a building in a factory.”可知，是对前句的补充说明，用moreover连接。故穿C项。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就减少了必须运送到建筑工地的货物数量。A. deliveries递送；B. checkouts付款台；C. purchases购买；D. payments支付。根据后文“have to be made to a construction site”可知，此处指必须运送到建筑工地的货物数量。故选A项。
【50题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：所有这些都对二氧化碳的排放产生了影响。A. adds value附加值；B. gives credit赊帐；C. gives a boost给予鼓励；D. makes a difference产生影响。根据后文“Michael Ramage of the University of Cambridge told the meeting of a 300-square-metre four-storey wooden building that generated 126 tonnes of CO2. Had it been made with 　　　　11　　　　, emissions would have risen to 310 tonnes.”可知，比起混凝土，用木建筑二氧化碳排放量少，所以是对二氧化碳的排放产生了影响。故选D项。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果它是用混凝土建造的，排放量将上升到310吨。A. cement水泥；B. timber木材；C. concrete混凝土；D. synthetics合成物。根据前文“As the AAAs meeting heard this week, wood is one of the most 　　　6　　　　　 sustainable alternatives to steel and concrete.”可知，本文是拿木材与钢铁和混凝土作比较，根据后文“If steel had been used, they would have topped 498 tonnes.”提到了钢铁，所以此处应是混凝土。故选C项。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，从某种角度来看，这座建筑实际上可能被视为“负碳”。A. positive正数的；B. negative负数的；C. friendly亲切的；D. resistant抵抗的。根据后文“When trees grow, they lock carbon up in their wood — in this case the equivalent of 540 tonnes of CO2, representing a long-term reduction of CO2 from the atmosphere.”可知，木结构建筑，它们将碳锁在木材中，使大气中二氧化碳的长期减少，从这种角度来看可能被视为“负碳”。故选B项。
【53题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果木材建筑开始流行，确实会引起人们对是否有足够的树木可供使用的担忧。A. go round足够分配；B. go away离开；C. go over仔细检查；D. go down下降。根据后文“But with sustainably managed forests that should not be a problem, says Dr Ramage.”可知，有了可持续管理的森林，这不是问题，所以是担心是否有足够的树木可供使用。故选A项。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个家庭大小的公寓需要大约30立方米的木材，他估计仅欧洲的可持续森林每7秒钟就会增长这么多。A. advocates拥护者；B. strategies策略；C. forests森林；D. farmers农场主。根据前文“But with sustainably managed forests that should not be a problem, says Dr Ramage.”可知，是可持续森林。故选C项。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：火灾也不是危险，因为工程木材不容易燃烧，因为大型结构木材的内核在燃烧时受到炭化层的保护。A. imposing壮观的；B. visible看得见的；C. universal普遍的；D. structural结构的。根据上文一直再讲的工程木材和后文“are protected by a charring (炭化) layer if burnt.”可知，内核受到炭化层保护的应该是现代大型结构木材。故选D项。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Noah reached for his guitar, remembering his father as he did so, thinking how much he missed him. He strummed once, adjusted the tension on two strings, then strummed again. This time it sounded about right, and he began to play.
Soft music, quiet music. He hummed for a little while at first, then began to sing as night came down around him. He played and sang until the sun was gone and the sky black. It was a little after seven when he quit, and he settled back into his chair and began to rock. By habit, he looked upward and saw Orion and the Big Dipper, Gemini and the Pole Star, twinkling in the autumn sky. He started to run the numbers in his head, then stopped. He knew he’d spent almost his entire savings on the house and would have to find a job again soon, but he pushed the thought away and decided to enjoy the remaining months of restoration without worrying about it. Besides, thinking about money usually bored him. Early on, he’d learned to enjoy simple things, things that couldn’t be bought, and he had a hard time understanding people who felt otherwise. It was another trait he got from his father.
Clem, his hound dog, came up to him then and nuzzled his hand before lying down at his feet. “Hey, girl, how’re you doing?” he asked as he patted her head, and she whined softly, her soft round eyes peering upward. A car accident had taken her leg, but she still moved well enough and kept him company on quiet nights like these. He was thirty-one now, not too old, but old enough to be lonely. He hadn’t dated since he’d been back here, hadn’t met anyone who remotely interested him. It was his own fault, he knew. There was something that kept a distance between him and any woman who started to get close, something he wasn’t sure he could change even if he tried. And sometimes in the moments right before sleep came, he wondered if he was destined to be alone forever.
The evening passed, staying warm, nice. Noah listened to the crickets and the rustling leaves, thinking that the sound of nature was more real and aroused more emotion than things like cars and planes. Natural things gave back more than they took, and their sounds always brought him back to the way man was supposed to be. “It’ll keep you from going crazy,” his father had told him the day he’d shipped out. “It’s God’s music and it’ll take you home.” He finished his tea, went inside, found a book, then turned on the porch light on his way back out. After sitting down again, he looked at the book. It was old, the cover was torn, and the pages were stained with mud and water.
It was Leaves of Grass by Walt Whitman, and he had carried it with him throughout the war. It had even taken a bullet for him once. He rubbed the cover, dusting it off just a little. Then he let the book open randomly and read the words in front of him: This is thy hour O Soul, thy free flight into the wordless. Away from books, away from art, the day erased, the lesson done. Thee fully forth emerging, silent, gazing, pondering the themes thou lovest best. Night, sleep, death and the stars. For some reason Whitman always reminded him of New Bern, and he was glad he’d come back. Though he’d been away from fourteen years, this was home and he knew a lot of people here, most of them from his youth. Like so many southern towns, the people who lived here never changed, they just grew a bit older.
56. The underlined sentence in paragraph two is the equivalent of “_________”.
A. he hated those who were unable to appreciate simple things in life
B. he didn’t see eye to eye with people who liked to save money
C. he had difficulty in figuring out how he got this trait from his father
D. he didn’t understand why people were so materialistic
57. Which of the following is NOT true according the passage?
A. Noah often played the guitar and observed the stars.
B. Clem the dog showed great affection for her master.
C. Noah was destined to be alone since no woman seemed interested in him.
D. Noah planned to restore his house before landing himself a job.
58. Which of the following statements would Noah’s father most agree with?
A. Patients suffering from mental disorder can be cured by nature.
B. The closer you are to nature, the closer you are to your true self.
C. Where there is God’s music, there is home.
D. A good book is a man’s beset company.
59. Leaves of Grass by Walt Whitman _________.
A. had been a treasure but was now too damaged to read
B. recorded the lives of New Bern’s people who never changed over the years
C. was beyond Noah’s understanding so he randomly picked up some words to read
D. stirred a feeling of nostalgia in Noah
【答案】56. D 57. C 58. B 59. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了回到老家的某天Noah弹吉他时的感触。
【56题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线部分上文“He knew he’d spent almost his entire savings on the house and would have to find a job again soon, but he pushed the thought away and decided to enjoy the remaining months of restoration without worrying about it. Besides, thinking about money usually bored him. Early on, he’d learned to enjoy simple things, things that couldn’t be bought,(他知道自己几乎把所有的积蓄都花在了房子上，很快就得再找一份工作了，但他放弃了这个想法，决定享受剩下的几个月的修缮工作，不用担心。此外，想到钱通常会让他感到厌烦。早期，他学会了享受简单的东西，那些买不到的东西)”可知，Noah此刻享受的是用金钱无法买来的东西，由此可知划线句子意为“他不明白为什么有的人很物质（把快乐建立在物质生活上）”。故选D。
【57题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“It was his own fault, he knew. There was something that kept a distance between him and any woman who started to get close, something he wasn’t sure he could change even if he tried. And sometimes in the moments right before sleep came, he wondered if he was destined to be alone forever.(他知道这是他自己的错。他和任何开始走近的女人之间都有某种距离，即使他尝试了，他也不确定能不能改变。有时，在睡前的时刻，他会想自己是否注定要永远孤独)”可知，Noah认为自己注定孤独不是因为没有女人对他感兴趣，而是他和她们保持某种距离。故选C。
【58题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“The evening passed, staying warm, nice. Noah listened to the crickets and the rustling leaves, thinking that the sound of nature was more real and aroused more emotion than things like cars and planes. Natural things gave back more than they took, and their sounds always brought him back to the way man was supposed to be. “It’ll keep you from going crazy,” his father had told him the day he’d shipped out. “It’s God’s music and it’ll take you home.”(夜晚过去了，温暖而美好。Noah听着蟋蟀的叫声和树叶的沙沙声，觉得大自然的声音比汽车和飞机的声音更真实，更能激起人们的情感。自然事物给予的比索取的多，大自然的声音总能把他带回人类应有的样子。“这样你就不会发疯了。”他出航那天，父亲对他说。“这是上帝的音乐，它会带你回家。”)”可知，Noah的父亲认为大自然的声音是上帝的声音，它会让人平静，并且会带人们回到生养自己的地方，做回真正的自己。由此推知，Noah的父亲会同意“你越接近自然，你就越接近真实的自己”。故选B。
【59题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“For some reason Whitman always reminded him of New Bern, and he was glad he’d come back. Though he’d been away from fourteen years, this was home and he knew a lot of people here, most of them from his youth. Like so many southern towns, the people who lived here never changed, they just grew a bit older.(出于某种原因，惠特曼总是让他想起New Bern，他很高兴自己能回来。虽然他已经离开了14年，但这里是他的家，他在这里认识很多人，其中大部分是他年轻时认识的。像许多南方城镇一样，住在这里的人从来没有改变过，他们只是变老了一点)”推知，惠特曼的《草叶集》激起了诺亚的怀旧之情。故选D。
(B)
Frequently Asked Questions for Yellowstone National Park
How much is the entrance fee?
$35 - Private, non-commercial vehicle;
$30 - Motorcycle or snowmobile (winter)
$20 - Visitors 16 and older entering by foot, bike, ski, etc.
* This fee provides the visitor with a 7-day entrance permit for both Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks.
Where should we stay?
Your decision may depend on how much time you have and what you want to see the most. If you plan on visiting Yellowstone National Park for only a few days and want to experience some of the main attractions then West Yellowstone would be a good base. From there, it is a short drive to the geyser basins, Old Faithful and the Grand Canyon. If you want to have the full park experience then perhaps lodging at Old Faithful would be a good choice. If you want to view the most wildlife, then we suggest the Northeast Entrance. The South Entrance is a great option if you have more time and want to visit Grand Teton National Park; however it is a longer drive to the heart of Yellowstone if you base out of Jackson. The North Entrance is park headquarters and has the most historic information on the park.
When is the best time to visit the park?
This depends on what your interests are. Spring has abundant wildlife, roaring waterfalls and wild weather. Summer has it all including the most crowds, so you’d better get out early and eat your breakfast on the road! Fall is a special time of year. Everything seems to be diminishing including the crowds. Winter is a time of being a bit of social isolation. In years past it was more “economical” to visit most of the park. Now it is more restricted unless you can afford a snow-coach or guided snowmobile tour.
Can I get Cell and Wi-Fi?
Free public Wi-Fi is available at Al-bright Visitor Center and at some park lodges for registered guests. Cell service is extremely limited, with reception only available in or near major developed areas. In summer, service is often maxed out in these areas.
Yet, it is sad to see the latest generation fade away from normal everyday activities and conversation. Get out, look around, admire the wonders. There’re plenty of natural and human distractions around every corner. The last thing we want to do is divert visitors from Yellowstone’s wonders especially while driving.

60. How much is the entrance fee in total if Jeffery makes a self-driving trip to Yellowstone with his father and his 16-year-old daughter during the winter vacation?
A. $105 B. $55 C. $35 D. $50
61. The underlined sentence implies that _________.
A. visiting Yellowstone in winter is preferred by most local people
B. most of the park was restricted to visitors in winter in the past.
C. nowadays most people choose to tour the park on a snow-coach in winter.
D. winter used to be a better time to visit the park in terms of expenses
62. It can be inferred from the passage that _________.
A. the entrance ticket applies to Yellowstone only
B. Old Faithful provides a full view of the park
C. the wireless connection is not satisfactory in summer
D. younger generations make up the majority of park visitors
【答案】60. C 61. D 62. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了黄石公园的门票以及可以选择的住宿及游玩的地方。
【60题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题“How much is the entrance fee?”下面“$35 - Private, non-commercial vehicle;”可知，私家非商用车辆入场费是35美元，没有说是每个人35美元，是一辆车35美元。因此，Jeffery带爸爸和女儿开车去黄石公园的费用是35美元。故选C。
【61题详解】
推理判断题。根据画线句上文“Winter is a time of being a bit of social isolation.（冬天是一个有点社交孤立的时期。）”和下文“Now it is more restricted unless you can afford a snow-coach or guided snowmobile tour.（现在，除非你能负担得起雪地教练或雪地摩托导游，否则这里的限制就更大了。）”可知，公园冬天人很少，基本与世隔绝。因此在过去的几年，在冬天参观黄石公园是更加经济的，而现在除非你负担得起滑雪教练等费用，要不然可玩的限制更多。因此画线句的隐含意思是，就费用而言，以前冬天是参观黄石公园的好时机。故选D。
【62题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题“Can I get Cell and Wi-Fi?”下面的“Cell service is extremely limited, with reception only available in or near major developed areas. In summer, service is often maxed out in these areas.（手机服务极其有限，只能在主要发达地区或其附近接收。在夏季，这些地区的服务通常会达到最高水平。）”可知，在夏天，游客可能会遇到无线网络服务问题。故选C。
(C)
In 1674 George Ravenscroft, an English glass merchant, was granted a patent for the discovery made at his factory in London that adding lead oxide(一氧化铝)to the melt resulted in a clearer, more durable product. Thus was born lead crystal, and with it the fashion, in England, of drinking wine from glass vessels rather than, say, metal ones.

Wine glasses have evolved since then, of course, and one aspect of this evolution is of particular interest to Theresa Marteau and her colleagues in the Behaviour and Health Research Unit at Cambridge University. Dr Marteau suspected that glasses have got bigger over the years, and that this may have contributed to the increased drinking of wine in Britain—an increase that has been particularly marked in recent decades.
As they report in the BMJ, a medical journal, she and her team obtained data on glass volumes going back to about 1700 from sources including the Royal Household and the Ashmolean, the university museum of Cambridge’s arch-rival, Oxford. Altogether, they recorded the capacity of 411 glasses and, as the chart shows, there has indeed been a near-continuous tendency for that capacity to increase since Ravenscroft’s day(he died in 1683). There is also a notable acceleration of the process starting in about 1990. In all, the average capacity of a wine glass increased from 66ml in the 1700s to almost 450ml in 2016-17.
That this volumetric inflation has stimulated wine consumption—Dr Marteau’s second hypothesis(假设)—is hard to prove. But it may have done. The amount of wine drunk in Britain has risen more than sevenfold since 1960, while the population has grown by only 25%. Data collected between 1978 and 2005 by Britain’s Office of National Statistics suggest the proportion of adults drinking wine fell from 60% to 50% over that period, while the average weekly wine consumption of those who did drink the stuff tripled, when measured as units of alcohol.
Meanwhile, work designed to test directly the idea that glass size matters, which Dr Marteau published last year, produced mixed results. She looked at the consequences for wine sales at a bar in Cambridge of serving its wares in both bigger and smaller glasses than normal, while keeping the serving sizes on offer(125ml or 175ml, according to customer choice)the same. In weeks when the bigger glasses were used, wine sales went up by 9% on average. The larger vessels, it seemed, were indeed encouraging customers to order refills more often. On the other hand, in weeks when the size of the glasses was below normal, sales did not go down. Reducing glass sizes, then, does not keep people sober.
63. Why does the writer mention George Ravenscroft’s patent in the first paragraph?
A. To introduce an important change in wine glasses.
B To pay respect to a successful English glass merchant.
C. To arouse readers’ interest in how wine glasses are made.
D. To make a comparison between two ways of wine production
64. According to the passage, what is Dr Marteau’s first hypothesis?
A. Wine consumption has been going up in the last 100 years.
B. The size of wine glasses has been increasing over the years.
C. Wine became a more durable product three hundred years ago.
D. Wine used to be drunk in a small metal container.
65. According to Dr Marteau’s research, which of the following statements is true?
A. Today’s wine glasses are as big as those in the early 1900s.
B. The population of Britain has grown more quickly than wine consumption.
C. Those who drank consumed an increasing amount of wine between 1978 and 2005.
D. The proportion of adults drinking wine has kept going down since 1960.
66. The word “sober”(in the last paragraph)is closest in meaning to ________.
A. healthy B. considerate C. not violent D. not drunk
【答案】63. A 64. B 65. C 66. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍研究发现酒杯尺寸的增大可能是导致英国葡萄酒消费量增加的原因。
【63题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Wine glasses have evolved since then, of course, and one aspect of this evolution is of particular interest to Theresa Marteau and her colleagues in the Behaviour and Health Research Unit at Cambridge University. (当然，从那时起，酒杯就开始进化了，剑桥大学行为与健康研究部的Theresa Marteau和她的同事们对这种进化的一个方面特别感兴趣)”以及“ Dr Marteau suspected that glasses have got bigger over the years, and that this may have contributed to the increased drinking of wine in Britain—an increase that has been particularly marked in recent decades.”（Marteau博士怀疑，随着时间的推移，玻璃杯变得越来越大，这可能是导致英国葡萄酒消费量增加的原因——近几十年来，这种增长尤为明显。）可知，自从有了玻璃后，英国的葡萄酒杯越来越大。由此推知，第一段提到提到 George Ravenscroft的专利是为了介绍酒杯一个重要的变化。故选A。
【64题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Dr Marteau suspected that glasses have got bigger over the years, and that this may have contributed to the increased drinking of wine in Britain—an increase that has been particularly marked in recent decades(Marteau博士怀疑，这些年来，玻璃杯越来越大，这可能是英国葡萄酒饮用量增加的原因之一——近几十年来，这种增长尤为明显)”可知，Marteau的第一个假设是这些年来，酒杯的尺寸一直在增加。故选B。
【65题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Data collected between 1978 and 2005 by Britain’s Office of National Statistics suggest the proportion of adults drinking wine fell from 60% to 50% over that period, while the average weekly wine consumption of those who did drink the stuff tripled, when measured as units of alcohol.(英国国家统计局在1978年至2005年间收集的数据表明，在此期间，成年人饮酒的比例从60%下降到50%，而那些确实饮酒的人的平均每周饮酒量（以酒精为单位）增加了两倍)”可知，根据Marteau的研究1978年至2005年间，那些饮酒的人饮酒量越来越大。故选C。
【66题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段的“On the other hand, in weeks when the size of the glasses was below normal, sales did not go down. Reducing glass sizes, then, does not keep people sober.(另一方面，在酒杯大小低于正常尺寸的几周内，销售额并没有下降。那么，减少玻璃杯的尺寸并不能让人们保持sober)”可知，杯子的尺寸减小后销售额并没有下降，即减少玻璃杯的尺寸并不能让人们少喝酒或停止喝酒。因此猜测sober意为“少喝或不喝酒”。故选D。
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Einstein's Opinions on Creative Thinking
“The greatest scientists are artists as well,” said Albert Einstein, one of the greatest physicists and an amateur pianist and violinist.
For Einstein, insight did not come from logic or mathematics. ____67____ As he told one friend, “When I examine myself and my methods of thought. I find that the gift of imagination has meant more to me than any talent for absorbing absolute knowledge. All great achievements of science must start from intuitive knowledge. Imagination is more important than knowledge.”
But how did art differ from science for Einstein? Surprisingly, it wasn't the content of an idea, or its subject, that determined whether something was art or science, but how the idea was expressed. If what is seen and experienced is described in the language of logic, then it is science. If it is communicated and recognized intuitively, then it is art. ____68____ That's why he said that great scientists were also artists. Einstein first described his intuitive thought processes at a physics conference in Kyoto in 1922 when he indicated that he used images and feelings to solve his problems and found words, logical symbols or mathematical equations later.
_____69_____ “If I were not a physicist,” he once said, “I would probably be a musician. I often think in music and I see my life in terms of music. I get most joy in life out of music. Whenever I feel that I have come to the end of the road or into a difficult situation in my work. I would bury myself in music, and that would usually solve all my difficulties.”
Music provided Einstein with a connection between time and space which both combine spatial and structural aspects. “The theory of relativity occurred to me my intuition and music is the driving force behind this intuition”, said Einstein. “My parents had me study the violin from the time I was six. _____70_____.”
A. There is no doubt that my theory was a great breakthrough then.
B. Instead it came from intuition and inspiration
C. For Einstein, it was the humanities that mainly contributed to his achieve-ments.
D. Einstein also owed his scientific insight and intuition mainly to music.
E. My new discovery is the result of musical perception.
F. Einstein himself worked intuitively and expressed himself logically.
【答案】67. B 68. F 69. D 70. E
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了爱因斯坦关于创造性思维的观点，对爱因斯坦来说，洞察力来自直觉和灵感，爱因斯坦本人是用直觉工作，用逻辑表达的。所以他说伟大的科学家也是艺术家。爱因斯坦还把他的科学洞察力和直觉主要归功于音乐。音乐为爱因斯坦提供了时间和空间之间的联系，它结合了空间和结构方面。
【67题详解】
根据上文For Einstein, insight did not come from logic or mathematics.可知对爱因斯坦来说，洞察力不是来自逻辑或数学。以及后文I find that the gift of imagination has meant more to me than any talent for absorbing absolute knowledge. All great achievements of science must start from intuitive knowledge. Imagination is more important than knowledge.可知我发现，对我来说，想象力的天赋比吸收绝对知识的天赋更重要。一切伟大的科学成就都必须从直觉知识开始。想象力比知识更重要。由此可知，对爱因斯坦来说，洞察力是来自直觉和灵感的。故B选项“相反，它来自直觉和灵感”符合上下文语境，故选B。
【68题详解】
根据上文Surprisingly, it wasn't the content of an idea, or its subject, that determined whether something was art or science, but how the idea was expressed. If what is seen and experienced is described in the language of logic, then it is science. If it is communicated and recognized intuitively, then it is art.可知令人惊讶的是，决定一件事是艺术还是科学的，不是理念的内容或主题，而是理念如何被表达。如何用逻辑的语言来描述所见所闻，那么这就是科学。如果它被直观地传达和认可，那么它就是艺术。以及后文That's why he said that great scientists were also artists.可知这就是为什么他说伟大的科学家也是艺术家。由此可知，本句承接上文说明，爱因斯坦本人就是用直觉工作，用逻辑表达的。所以他说伟大的科学家也是艺术家。故F选项“爱因斯坦本人就是用直觉工作，用逻辑表达的”符合上下文语境，故选F。
【69题详解】
结合后文I would probably be a musician. I often think in music and I see my life in terms of music. I get most joy in life out of music. Whenever I feel that I have come to the end of the road or into a difficult situation in my work. I would bury myself in music, and that would usually solve all my difficulties.可知我可能会成为一名音乐家。我经常用音乐思考，我从音乐的角度看待我的生活。我生活中最大的乐趣来自音乐。每当我觉得我已经走到了路的尽头或在工作中遇到困难的时候。我会沉浸在音乐中，这通常会解决我所有的困难。由此可知，爱因斯坦认为音乐会解决自己的困难，他将自己科学洞察力和直觉主要归功于音乐。故D选项“爱因斯坦还把他的科学洞察力和直觉主要归功于音乐”符合上下文语境，故选D。
【70题详解】
根据上文 “The theory of relativity occurred to me my intuition and music is the driving force behind this intuition", said Einstein.”可知爱因斯坦说:“我的直觉产生了相对论，音乐是这一直觉背后的驱动力。”由此可知，本句承接上文说明，爱因斯坦认为自己的新发现是音乐在背后驱动，是音乐感知的结果。故E选项“我的新发现是音乐感知的结果”符合上下文语境，故选E。
IV. Summary Writing
71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.
Learning to write effectively
I’ve been writing for most of my life. The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one distinction and one practice that has helped my writing processes tremendously. The distinction is between the creative mind and the critical mind. While you need to employ both to get to a finished result, they cannot work in parallel no matter how much we might like to think so.
Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possibly the single greatest barrier to writing that most of us encounter. If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to capture a fleeting(lasting only a short time)thought , the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting thought and simply share it with the world in raw form, no one is likely to understand.
The practice that can help you past your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow calls “free writing.” In free writing, the objective is to get words down on paper non-stop, usually for 15-20 minutes. No stopping, no going back, no criticizing. The goal is to get the words flowing. As the words begin to flow, the ideas will come from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen.
Now you have raw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that you’ve persuaded to sit on the side and watch quietly. Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually have and you will end up staring blankly at the pages as the deadline draws near.
Instead of staring at a blank start filling it with words no matter how bad. Halfway through your available time, stop and rework your raw writing into something closer to finished product. Move back and forth until you run out of time and the final result will most likely be far better than your current practices.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
How can you become an effective writer? The book Writing Without Teachers advises that you should separate creative writing from critical writing. Mixing the two means either killing brilliant ideas or presenting something incomprehensible. To acquire the skill, take down your thoughts freely to capture ideas and keep revising your writing until it becomes a good piece.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如果你想要成为一名有效的作家，《没有老师的写作》一书建议你应该把创造性写作和批判性写作分开。为了获得这项技能，你可以通过自由地记下你的想法来捕捉想法，并不断修改你的写作，直到它成为一篇好文章。
【详解】1.要点摘录

①The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one distinction and one practice that has helped my writing processes tremendously.
②Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possibly the single greatest barrier to writing.
③The practice that can help you past your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is called“free writing.”
④ When you have raw materials using the critical mind and watch quietly, you will end up staring blankly at the pages as the deadline draws near.

⑤Halfway through your available time, rework your raw writing into something closer to finished product.
2.缜密构思将第2、3两个要点进行整合，将第4、5两个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句It is likely that you will believe this will take more time than you actually have and you will end up staring blankly at the pages as the deadline draws near.
Through the half available time, you can stop and rework your raw writing into something closer to finished product.
If the fleeting thought can be captured and simply be shared with the world in raw form, no one is likely to understand.
【点睛】[高分句型1]：The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one distinction and one practice that has helped my writing processes tremendously.运用一个复杂的主从复合句对原文第一段内容进行了概括。其中that引导的定语从句表达高级。
[高分句型2]：If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to capture a fleeting(lasting only a short time)thought , the thought will die.运用if引导的条件状语从句和while引导的时间状语从句对第二段主题进行了举例说明。表达非常高级。
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 大蒜其实在各国菜肴中都起着举足轻重的作用。(turn) （汉译英）
【答案】It turns out that garlic plays a significant /an important role in cuisines/dishes of different cultures/countries.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词，动词，形容词，介词，连词，短语，句型和时态。表示“大蒜”应用名词garlic；表示“其实”应用句型It turns out that+句子；表示“菜肴”应用名词cuisines/dishes；表示“各国”应用名词短语different cultures/countries；表示“举足轻重的”应用形容词significant /important；表示“在…中起作用”应用动词短语play a role in；这句话描述的是现在的事情，谓语用一般现在时。故翻译为It turns out that garlic plays a significant /an important role in cuisines/dishes of different cultures/countries.
73. 在整理衣橱时，他突然想到还有一条褪色的牛仔裤挂在阳台。(occur) （汉译英）
【答案】When tidying up the wardrobe, it occurred to him that there was a pair of faded jeans hanging on the balcony.
【解析】
【详解】考查现在分词、动词短语以及固定句型。表示“整理”应用短语tidy up；表示“衣橱”应用名词wardrobe；表示“某人突然想到……”应用it occurred to sb. that句型；表示“褪色的”应用形容词faded；表示“挂”应用动词hang，非谓语动词hang和逻辑主语jeans是主动关系，用现在分词作后置定语。分析句子可知，表示“在……时候”应用时间状语从句省略句形式when doing sth.，现在分词表主动。本句描述过去的动作，应用一般过去时态。故翻译为：When tidying up the wardrobe, it occurred to him that there was a pair of faded jeans hanging on the balcony.
74. 随着国际航班数量的增加和出行便利性的提高，出境游预计将在接下来的假期中出现明显的升温。(see) （汉译英）
【答案】With the increasing number of international flights and improvement in travel convenience, travelling abroad/outbound travel is expected to see an evident boom during the coming holiday.或者With the increasing number of international flights and improvement in travel convenience, the coming holiday is expected to see an evident boom in travelling abroad/outbound travel.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词，动词，形容词，副词，介词，连词，短语和时态。表示“随着”应用介词with；表示“国际航班”应用名词短语international flights；表示“数量”应用名词number；表示“增加”应用形容词increasing；表示“和”应用连词and；表示“出行”应用名词travel；表示“便利性”应用名词convenience；表示“提高”应用名词improvement；表示“出境游”应用动名词短语travelling abroad或者名词短语outbound travel；表示“预计”应用动词短语be expected to do；表示“在接下来的假期中”应用介词短语during the coming holiday；表示“出现”应用动词see；表示“明显的”应用形容词evident；表示“升温”应用名词boom；分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话描述的是现在的事情，谓语用一般现在时。表示“出境游预计将在接下来的假期中出现明显的升温”还可以描述为“接下来的假期预计将在出境游中见证明显的升温”。故翻译为With the increasing number of international flights and improvement in travel convenience, travelling abroad/outbound travel is expected to see an evident boom during the coming holiday.或者With the increasing number of international flights and improvement in travel convenience, the coming holiday is expected to see an evident boom in travelling abroad/outbound travel.
75. 这座古镇大街小巷充斥着各色售卖劣质商品的杂货铺，不仅和其原有的自然风貌格格不入，也破坏了生态系统的和谐。(not only…) （汉译英）
【答案】In this ancient town, the streets are full of various grocery shops selling inferior goods, which is not only out of step with/is foreign to/is out of tune with/is against its original natural scenery, but also destroys the harmony of the ecological system.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词，动词，形容词，副词，介词，连词，短语和时态。表示“这座古镇”应用名词短语in this ancient town；表示“大街小巷”应用名词street的复数形式，表示泛指；表示“充斥着”应用短语be full of；表示“各色”应用形容词various；表示“售卖”应用动词sell；表示“劣质商品”应用名词短语inferior goods；表示“杂货铺”应用名词短语grocery shops；表示“不仅…也…”应用连词not only…but also…；表示“其原有的自然风貌”应用名词短语its original natural scenery；表示“和…格格不入”应用短语be out of step with/ be foreign to/be out of tune with/ be against；表示“破坏”应用动词destroy；表示“生态系统”应用名词短语the ecological system；表示“和谐”应用名词harmony；分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话描述的是现在的事实，谓语用一般现在时。“不仅和其原有的自然风貌格格不入，也破坏了生态系统的和谐”是指上文提到的事情，可用非限制性定语从句表达，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导；故翻译为In this ancient town, the streets are full of various grocery shops selling inferior goods, which is not only out of step with/is foreign to/is out of tune with/is against its original natural scenery, but also destroys the harmony of the ecological system.
VI. Guided Writing
76. Directions: Write an English composition in no fewer than 120 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
毕业前夕，由高三各班选出的学生代表召开了一个会议，讨论为母校送上一份礼物。经过讨论，最终他们定下了如下两个方案：
方案一：以年级的名义捐给学校一棵树；
方案二：为母校拍一部新学期的招生短视频。
现在，他们通过WeLink校园网征询年级同学们的意见。假设你是李华，请你写一封邮件给高三学生代表团表达你的想法。你的邮件必须包含：
1.你选择哪个方案；
2.通过比较说明你的理由。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Student Delegation,
Generally speaking, both plans are good. But personally, I am in favor of the first plan.
Planting a tree on campus in the name of senior three is much more meaningful. In order to make it thrive, everyone will take good care of it, which helps stimulate the spirit of solidarity and cooperation. Besides, many years later, when seeing it we will be reminded of the days when we worked hard here.
On the contrary, shooting short videos of enrollment requires high technical skills, especially filming and editing. Moreover, we are not familiar with the process and details of enrollment, if there are some errors in the video, chances are that it will not only fail to achieve the purpose of publicity, but also cause trouble for our school.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的名义给高三学生代表团写一封邮件，说明自己选择哪个方案，并陈述理由。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
就我而言：personally→as far as I am concerned
有意义的：meaningful→significant
照顾：take care of→look after
此外：besides→additionally
2.句型拓展
陈述句变倒装句
原句：Moreover, we are not familiar with the process and details of enrollment, if there are some errors in the video, chances are that it will not only fail to achieve the purpose of publicity, but also cause trouble for our school.
拓展句：Moreover, we are not familiar with the process and details of enrollment, if there are some errors in the video, chances are that not only will it fail to achieve the purpose of publicity, but also cause trouble for our school.
【点睛】[高分句型1]In order to make it thrive, everyone will take good care of it, which helps stimulate the spirit of solidarity and cooperation.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Besides, many years later, when seeing it we will be reminded of the days when we worked hard here.(运用了状语从句的省略和when引导的定语从句)