2024版高考英语一轮总复习课时质量评价18Unit2LookingintotheFuture新人教版选择性必修第一册

课时质量评价(十八)

选择性必修第一册　UNIT 2

主题语境：社会进步与人类文明

Ⅰ．阅读理解

When people think of farming today, they usually picture a tractor (拖拉机) rather than horses in the farmland．That's because tractors that relied on engines revolutionised farming in the late 1800s．Now a new type of tractor can do the same in the 21st century．

Agriculture has been changing dramatically in the last few decades．The push for innovation is fed by the need to produce larger amounts of food for a growing world population．Autonomous tractors may be the key to solving this challenge．They can be used to carry out labour­intensive (劳动密集型) farming while allowing farmers to do other work．A big plus is that it can increase crop output while reducing costs because the autonomous machines can work in all weather conditions without any rest．

Part of push for automation is a shortage of farm workers due to people's desire to have higher paying jobs with better work conditions．Farm owners are competing against companies like Amazon and restaurants that are raising wages to attract workers．“With labour shortages and the increase in the hourly wages that have to be paid in order to be competitive, all of a sudden automation seems like a more reasonable decision，”said David Swartz, a professor at Penn State University．

Many believe the time is ripe for an autonomous revolution because robotics is already in use in agriculture．One company that is working to bring autonomous tractors into mainstream farming is Blue and White Robotics, an Israeli agricultural technology company, whose mission is to make a fully autonomous farm．The company released an autonomous tractor kit in February 2021 that can be fixed on any existing tractor．The kit includes camera detection, speed controls, as well as an anti­crash system．Blue and White's kit is being used by West Coast growers in the USA．It may soon come to a farm near you．

1．What contributes to the agricultural revolution according to Paragraph 2?

A．The urge to feed more people．

B．The extreme weather conditions．

C．The need to reduce farming cost．

D．The desire for automatic farming．

2．What is Swartz's attitude to automation?

A．Critical．    B．Negative．

C．Supportive．    D．Tolerant．

3．What can be inferred about Blue and White's kit?

A．It has been widely used．

B．It can be made in many firms．

C．It can improve safety of tractors．

D．It will detect the way of farming．

4．What may be a suitable title for the text?

A．Automation Is Transforming Agriculture

B．Big Companies Are Making a Difference

C．Driverless Tractors Are Worth Investing

D．Traditional Farming Is Falling out of Date

Ⅱ．完形填空

(2023·武汉模拟)I was in the middle of the Amazon with my wife, a medical researcher there．We did not speak the local language, did not know the customs, and even did not entirely   1   the food．We could not have felt more   2  ．

Then one perfect Amazonian evening, with monkeys calling from beyond the village green, we played soccer．  3   darkness came over the field and the match ended, the goalkeeper, Juan walked over to me and said in a matter­of­fact way, “In your home, do you have a moon, too? ”I was surprised．After I   4   to Juan that yes I felt a sort of awe at the   5   that existed in his world, where the unknown and undiscovered was   6   and amazing．Anything was possible．

In our society, we know that Earth has only one moon．I can, from my computer at home,   7   satellite images of Juan's village．There are no more moons to search for, little   8   to discover．Yet, as an ant biologist, I knew that much in the world of insects remains unknown．How much, though? How   9   are we? The question of what we know and do not know   10   bother me．

I began to   11   newspaper articles about new species, and on and on they   12  ．In looking into the   13   of biological discovery, I also began to find a collection of scientists, who very often focused on common phenomena more to the point of exhaustion (筋疲力尽), and even at the risk of the   14   of their peers．

We used to think that nothing lived deeper than six hundred metres．Yet, when something new   15   more often than not, we do not even know its name．

1．A．produce     B．recognise

C．attain     D．prepare

2．A．conservative     B．familiar

C．foreign     D．natural

3．A．As     B．If

C．Once     D．Although

4．A．announced     B．committed

C．complained     D．responded

5．A．differences     B．possibilities

C．definitions     D．expressions

6．A．suspicious     B．similar

C．absurd     D．vast

7．A．take up     B．pull up

C．pick up     D．make up

8．A．kept     B．banned

C．left     D．bounded

9．A．accessible     B．elegant

C．ignorant     D．relevant

10．A．instantly     B．constantly

C．occasionally     D．absolutely

11．A．evaluate     B．seize

C．polish     D．collect

12．A．appeared     B．existed

C．formed     D．quitted

13．A．fictions     B．plots

C．stories     D．moments

14．A．tease     B．envy

C．support     D．admiration

15．A．updates     B．settles

C．develops     D．emerges

课时质量评价(十八)

Ⅰ．【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自动化在农业中的应用，并改变了农业。

1．A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Agriculture has been changing dramatically in the last few decades．The push for innovation is fed by the need to produce larger amounts of food for a growing world population．”可推知，因为世界人口的增长，需要生产更多的粮食来养活更多的人，这促成了农业革命。故选A。

2．C　观点态度题。根据第三段中的“‘With labour shortages and the increase in the hourly wages ..．like a more reasonable decision，’ said David Swartz, a professor at Penn State University．”可知，David Swartz认为自动化是合理的决定。故推知David Swartz支持自动化。故选C。

3．C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The company released an autonomous tractor kit ..．as well as an anti­crash system．”可知，Blue and White's kit包含摄像头检测、速度控制以及防撞系统，由此推知Blue and White's kit能够提高拖拉机的安全性。故选C。

4．A　标题归纳题。根据第二段中的“Agriculture has been changing dramatically in the last few decades．”及第三段中的“‘With labour shortages and the increase in the hourly wages ..．a more reasonable decision，’ said David Swartz, a professor at Penn State University．”可知，自动化正应用在农业中，并改变着农业。所以文章的标题应是“Automation Is Transforming Agriculture”。故选A。

Ⅱ．【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过和朋友的对话引起对科学研究的思考，在知识的海洋里人们还有许多未知和未发现的事物，一切皆有可能，从而得知，在科学研究中要大胆设想，积极探索。

1．B　根据上文“We did not speak the local language, did not know the customs”可推知，他们认不出当地的食物。故选B。

2．C　根据上文“We did not speak the local language, did not know the customs, and even did not entirely __1__ the food．”可知，他们对那里很陌生。故选C。

3．A　空后的“the goalkeeper, Juan walked over to me and said in a matter­of­fact way”和“darkness came over the field and the match ended”是时间关系，表示“当……时候”。故选A。

4．D　根据语境和下文“that yes”可知，这是作者在回应Juan。故选D。

5．B　根据下文“..．where the unknown and undiscovered was __6__ and amazing．Anything was possible．”可知，Juan的思想里，一直在探索着世界的未知，作者认为他的世界里存在着各种可能。故选B。

6．D　根据下文“Anything was possible．”以及“Yet, as an ant biologist, I knew that much in the world of insects remains unknown．”可知，世界上未知和未被发现的事物数量是巨大的。故选D。

7．B　根据上文“from my computer”及下文“satellite images of Juan's village”可知，通过电脑，把某地的卫星图像调出来。故选B。

8．C　根据语境和上文“There are no more moons to search for”可知，卫星图像放大到最后，就没有什么剩余的东西可以发现了。故选C。

9．C　根据上文“I knew that much in the world of insects remains unknown”和下文“The question of what we know and do not know __10__ bother me．”可知，对于整个未知世界，我们是非常无知的。故选C。

10．B　根据上文“The question of what we know and do not know”以及下文所表达的作者不断探索研究和发现可知，这个问题一直困扰着作者。故选B。

11．D　根据语境和下文“newspaper articles about new species”等内容可知，作者开始收集有关新物种的报纸文章，对世界上的未知事物进行探索和研究。故选D。

12．A　根据下文“In looking into the __13__ of biological discovery”可知，此处指新物种的出现。故选A。

13．C　根据上文“I began to __11__ newspaper articles about new species, and on and on they __12__．”和下文“of biological discovery”可知，此处指生物学新发现的经历，即故事。故选C。

14．A　根据上文“who very often focused on common phenomena more to the point of exhaustion (筋疲力尽)”和“the risk”及下文“their peers”可以推知，有些科学家对常见的现象全力以赴地进行研究，同行不能理解，甚至会嘲笑这些貌似平常的科学研究。故选A。

15．D　根据上文“We used to think that nothing lived deeper than six hundred metres．”及下文“we do not even know its name”可知，在探索中，我们原以为600米以下不存在生物，然而新物种却出现了，人们来不及给它命名。故选D。