中考英语真题汇编第2期06阅读理解之说明文1

这是一份中考英语真题汇编第2期06阅读理解之说明文1，共26页。











英语


中考英语真题汇编第2期
06阅读理解之说明文1
（2023·广西·统考中考真题）Southern white rhinos （犀牛） mainly live in Africa． They are very large in size， about 4 metres long， 1．75 metres high， and over two tons in weight． There are two horns （角） on the nose． The front horn is over half a metre long， while the other one is smaller． Southern white rhinos are not really white． They are grey in colour． “White” may come from the Afrikaans word for “wide”． It has some connection with their wide mouths．
Southern white rhinos live on grass， leaves， fruit and so on． They have very poor eyesight． However， they have good hearing and an excellent sense of smell． Their skin （皮肤） is nearly 5 cm thick but is very sensitive． During the day， they try to find a cool place to avoid sunburn． Southern white rhinos lie in mud （泥浆） when they can， as it sticks to their skin and protects them from the bright African sun．
Some humans kill rhinos for their horns． They sell horns to those who believe horns have magic powers or can treat sickness． It puts southern white rhinos in danger．
Now many actions are taken to protect southern white rhinos． The international trade in rhino horn has been stopped in the world． Besides， many protected areas have been built， especially in South Africa． Up to 2020， more than 20 countries have made rules to protect southern white rhinos． Today the number of southern white rhinos has increased to over 20，000 in the wild．
根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。
1．Where do southern white rhinos mainly live?
A．In Europe． B．In America． C．In Africa．
2．What colour are southern white rhinos?
A．Red． B．Blue． C．Grey．
3．What does the underlined word “sensitive” probably mean in Paragraph 2?
A．健康的 B．敏感的 C．光滑的
4．Why do some humans kill southern white rhinos?
A．For their horns． B．For their meat． C．For their noses．
5．What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A．Ways to feed southern white rhinos．
B．Actions of protecting southern white rhinos．
C．Places for southern white rhinos to live in．
（2023·重庆·统考中考真题）
Diagram（图表） or Survey Result
①AI （artificial intelligence人工智能） and machine learning refer to the ability of machines to learn and act intelligently． It means they can make decisions， finish tasks， and even tell the possible future results based on what they learn from data（数据）．
②AI and machine learning already play a bigger role in everyday life than you might imagine． Health care， banking， video games， every search on the Internet you make．．．， all are driven by AI．
③AI is going to change almost every field of modern life． Stephen Hawking said， “Success in creating AI would be the biggest event in human history．” And Hawking added at once， “Unluckily， it might also be the last， unless we learn how to avoid the risks．”
④ ▲ ， especially when you consider some countries are racing to develop AI-enabled autonomous weapons（人工智能自主武器）． It is also going to change and take the place of many human jobs． The same worries also come from the public． According to the survey result from Centre for the Governance of AI， 91% of the people （tend to and totally） agree that “AI is a technology that requires careful management” in Europe．
⑤But rather than agreeing with an idea of a helpless future where all human jobs are given over to robots， some people believe AI will make on working lives better． It will improve the work of humans， and new jobs will appear to take the place of the old ones．
⑥What’s more， machines become more intelligent and they are able to finish more human tasks． Things which only belong to humans lie creativity and critical（批判性的） thinking， will become even more valuable in the future．
⑦Like it or not， AI is here． Maybe changing ourselves and managing it well are the best way out． Just as Benjamin Franklin once said， “When you’re finished changing， you’re finished．”
6．Which paragraph does the diagram mainly support?
A．② B．③ C．④ D．⑤
7．Which sentence can be put in the ▲ ?
A．As we know， there are possible huge risks for society and human life
B．Also， you can find AI serving our daily life in every possible field
C．Without doubt， AI is a fantastic technology to lead us into the future
D．Humans ate surely more creative and better at many things than AI
8．What’s the purpose of writing the passage?
A．To warn us that AI will take humans’ place．
B．To show us that there are a lot of uses of AI．
C．To tell us that many people are worried about AI．
D．To suggest we prepare for the changes brought by AI．
9．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage?
A． B．
C． D．
（2023·江苏连云港·统考中考真题）
Many of us have seen rainbows in the sky once the sun starts shining again after it rains． For us to see a rainbow， the conditions need to be just right． We need some water drops in the air， like rain or even fog， and we need the sun to be behind us and quite low to the ground． This is because a rainbow is created by light passing through water drops．
The light that comes from the sun seems white to us． But the white light we see is made up of a mix of different colors． When the light goes through a raindrop， these colors can separate out． Each of the colors in the rainbow has a different “wavelength” （波长）． Raindrops look like little balls． When light hits one of these little balls of water， the light can change direction． We call this “refraction” （折射）． Each of the different wavelengths is refracted differently． If the light hits the raindrop at the right place， the refraction separates the wavelengths out into their different colors．
We are taught there are seven colors: red， orange， yellow， green， blue， indigo and violet． But this isn’t exactly true． Blue and green are next to each other in the rainbow， which is why we can see turquoise （a mix of blue and green）． Brown is a mix of red and green． But they aren’t next to each other in the rainbow， so we don’t see them mix to make brown．
We would never see black and white in a rainbow． Black is what we see when there’s no light at all． On the other hand， white is a mix of all the colors together． When light is refracted by raindrops， it separates the white light out， meaning it is no longer white．
10．We can see a rainbow under the right conditions because ________．
A．the raindrops are like little balls B．the light goes through raindrops
C．the sunshine seems to be colorful D．the weather is foggy after it rains
11．According to the passage， what can we know about the colors in the rainbow?
A．They can become brown or black． B．There are only seven colors in all．
C．They mix to make the white light． D．Their own places can be changed．
12．Which part of a magazine may this passage be taken from?
A．Science． B．Health． C．Culture． D．Fashion．
13．What’s the best title for the passage?
A．How are the colors received in the rainbow?
B．When can the colors turn blue in the rainbow?
C．Which colors aren’t covered with light in the rainbow?
D．Why can’t we find white， black and brown in the rainbow?
（2023·福建·统考中考真题）In the past nine years， Li Jin， who was born in Guangxi but raised in Sanya， has made great efforts to protect the waters of Sanya city in Hainan． He is now spreading the knowledge of environmental protection through new media platforms （媒体平台）．
Around 2014， he began doing volunteer work to clear rubbish from the beaches and officially registered （注册） as a volunteer in May， 2017． Li Jin immediately took the lead in a cleanup activity on the Sanya River．
In April， 2021， he used his own money to set up a volunteer service center which has 1， 170 registered members who take part in activities without asking for payment． So far， he has spent about 3， 800 hours on volunteer activities in over 550 events． More than 2， 300 people have joined in with his encouragement． They’ve drawn the attention of both the adults （成年人） and the children to the importance of protecting the oceans and beaches． Since it was set up， his center has organized 51 beach-cleaning activities that have seen about 1， 800 people join in． In 2021， because of Li’s growing influence in environmental protection circles， the city government invited him to make a number of short videos， in which he uses simple words to explain how to protect the environment． Several of the videos have been watched millions of times．
“My volunteer work would be meaningless if I got paid． But the work itself is of great value． So I will continue doing the environmental protection work，” he said．
14．What is Li Jin trying hard to protect?
A．The beaches in Guangxi． B．The waters of Sanya．
C．The wildlife on the Sanya River． D．The cities in Hainan．
15．How many people join Li Jin’s volunteer service center?
A．550． B．1，170． C．1，800． D．2，300．
16．What can we know from paragraph 3?
A．Millions of people join in Li Jin’s activities． B．Members in Li Jin’s service center get paid．
C．Most activities are organized for children． D．Some videos Li Jin made are a success．
17．Which of the following best describes Li Jin?
A．Quiet and kind-hearted． B．Patient and humorous．
C．Strong-minded and selfless． D．Honest and easygoing．
18．What is the text mainly about?
A．A hero praised for volunteer work． B．The leader in a cleanup activity．
C．The meaning of protecting water． D．A volunteer service center．
（2023·福建·统考中考真题）
Whether yellow， red or white， the onion is a vegetable that you may not know well． The list of its uses in cooking is endless． People have used onions to add flavor （味道） to their foods for thousands of years． Besides onions’ great taste， they are very good for you． They have special chemicals （化学物质） that improve your ability to fight off sickness and you have fewer chances of getting a disease．
No matter how good onions are for you， it is difficult to cut an onion without your eyes filling with tears! When you cut into an onion， irritating （刺激性的） chemicals inside the onion will get into the air． They touch your whole eyes and cause pain． Your eyes make tears to wash away the chemicals and protect your eyes．
Luckily， cooks and scientists have discovered some ways to keep you from crying when you cut up onions:
● Cut the onion under running water． The water will wash away the chemicals before they can reach your eyes．
● Use a fan to blow air over the onion as you cut it． The air will blow the chemicals away from your eyes．
● Put the onion in a fridge for an hour before cutting． This helps make the chemicals in the onion move slowly， so they may not ever reach your eyes．
If you try out these good ideas and still cry while cutting onions， don’t worry． Scientists think if you cut more onions， your body will become more resilient to the onion’s chemicals． So the tears will not last long． If you think about how healthy onions are， you might even call those tears “happy tears”．
19．Onions can help you fight off sickness because they have ________．
A．different colors B．many uses in cooking
C．great taste D．special chemicals
20．Why do your eyes make tears when you cut onions?
A．To improve physical condition． B．To prevent common diseases．
C．To wash away irritating chemicals． D．To cause terrible pain．
21．What can you do to stop crying according to the text?
① Cut the onion under running water．
② Use a fan to blow air over the onion while cutting．
③ Cover the onion with a piece of cloth as you cut it．
④ Put the onion in a fridge for an hour before cutting．
A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④
22．What does the underlined word “resilient” in the last paragraph mean in Chinese?
A．疲惫的 B．敏感的 C．适应的 D．虚弱的
23．In which section of a magazine can you probably read the text?
A．Life and health． B．Language and culture．
C．Business world． D．National news．
（2023·福建·统考中考真题）Scientists have developed a way to read minds， translating unspoken thoughts into written words． It’s the first time it’s been done without having to put anything into the brain． They used artificial intelligence （AI） （人工智能）． It is the name given to a computer system that is able to “think” for itself and carry out tasks that usually require human intelligence．
Scientists used a special scanner （扫描器）． The machine can see where blood runs， which shows the parts of the brain that are most active． People taking part in the experiment （实验） listened to the radio for 16 hours as their brains were scanned． The AI tool learned to connect certain brain activity with words they heard． After that， each person was asked to think of a story， and the AI tool managed to pick up these thoughts as they happened．
The results had about a 50% accuracy rate （准确率）， although the AI found it hard to work out the meaning of pronouns， such as he or she， her or him． For example， it turned “I don’t have my driver’s license yet” into “She has not even started to learn to drive yet．” It could usually understand the meaning of what someone was thinking rather than the exact words． The AI was personalized， so when it had learnt from one person but it was tested on another， it couldn’t understand their thoughts．
The scientists， who have been working on the technology for 15 years， say they understand the risks of it being used badly． Scientist Jerry Tang told a newspaper， “We want to make sure people only use these types of technologies when they want to， and that it helps them．” The scientists hope it will help people with certain medical conditions， who are still awake but have lost the ability to speak， to communicate once again．
24．What does the underlined word “It” in paragraph 1 refer to （指代）?
A．A way． B．Anything． C．The brain． D．AI．
25．What is the main purpose of paragraph 2?
A．To describe the process of the experiment． B．To explain the results of the experiment．
C．To offer some opinions about the experiment． D．To list the difficulties with the experiment．
26．What does the example in paragraph 3 show?
A．The AI is much cleverer than people．
B．The AI didn’t start the work as it was ordered．
C．The AI couldn’t understand the exact words of what people thought．
D．The AI will be well developed according to people’s special needs．
27．What can we learn from the text?
A．It is not difficult to take AI under control．
B．AI will not be used in a proper way in the future．
C．AI is so wise that it can treat people with medical problems．
D．It’s expected that AI will help those speechless exchange ideas．
28．What can be the best title for the text?
A．High Risks of Using AI． B．Mind-Reading Development．
C．Importance of Human Brain． D．Ways of Improving Technology．
（2023·湖南郴州·统考中考真题）
Astronauts would face dangers both getting to and surviving （生存） on Mars． Let’s learn about surviving a trip to Mars．
What would it take to keep people safe and healthy on a trip to Mars? Scientists are already working on it though the trip may be many years later．
Over the last 60 years， many spacecraft （航天器） have flown by， orbited （沿轨道运行） and even landed on the Red Planet． However， humans could work faster and smarter than machines． That’s why the United States， China and other countries want to send people to Mars． But surviving this trip would not be easy．
A trip to Mars would be the farthest journey in human history． Mars is about 225 million kilometers away， so it would take astronauts at least six months to reach there． However， it only takes a few days to get to the moon．
While space travel is never free of danger， it takes a lot more health risks to travel in space for a long time． For one thing， staying in space for long periods makes the human body weak． Also， it puts pressure behind the eyes and causes eye problems． But gravity （重力） machines could help．
Then there’s space radiation （辐射） to worry about． It might raise the risk of health problems． especially for astronauts who will have long journeys． Scientists are working out the problems． They have found taking certain vitamins （维生素） can help．
Astronauts will have to pack light to lift off from Earth． But they won’t be able to get things they need like astronauts on the space station do． Astronauts on the space station practice for this by growing lettuce and other food in space． Engineers are developing 3-D printing techniques which could allow future Mars astronauts to build tools as needed．
29．Why do the countries want to send astronauts to Mars?
A．Because spacecraft couldn’t work on Mars．
B．Because humans could work faster and smarter than machines．
C．Because scientists have worked out how to survive on Mars．
30．How long would it take astronauts to reach Mars?
A．A few days． B．At least six weeks． C．Al least six months．
31．According to the passage， which of the following is TRUE?
A．A trip to the moon would be the farthest journey in human history．
B．Space radiation might raise the risk of health problems for astronauts．
C．Taking certain vitamins can help reduce pressure behind the eyes in space．
32．In the last paragraph， the writer implies （暗示） that ________．
A．Mars astronauts will be able to get things they need
B．Mars astronauts can grow lettuce and other food now
C．3-D printing techniques could allow astronauts to build tools as needed
33．The passage mainly talks about ________．
A．surviving a trip to Mars
B．spacecraft landing on Mars
C．health problems of future Mars astronauts
（2023·湖南郴州·统考中考真题）阅读下面的图表，完成各小题。

Firecrackers have a history of more than 2，000 years． It is said that people burnt bamboo joints （竹节） to make it blast （爆炸） to drive away the beast named Nian in ancient China． Firecrackers are still set off during the Spring Festival to stand for hope and luck．

Kites have quite a long history． The earliest kites were made of wood． Now in China， the three most famous kites are Beijing kite， Tianjin kite and Weifang kite． There’s an international kite festival in Weifang every April．

During ancient times， the closest thing to watching a movie or TV was watching a shadow play （皮影戏）． People control puppets behind the screen while singing with music to tell a story． Shadow play was listed as national intangible cultural heritage （非物质文化遗产） in 2006．
34．Why do people still set off firecrackers during the Spring Festival?
A．To burn bamboo joints． B．To drive away the beast． C．To stand for hope and luck．
35．What were the earliest kites made of?
A．Bamboo． B．Wood． C．Paper．
36．What can we learn from the chart?
A．Visitors can take part in the kite festival in Weifang every April．
B．Firecrackers have a history of more than 3，000 years．
C．The three games were all listed as national intangible cultural heritage．
（2023·山东泰安·统考中考真题）

China has sent the final section of its Tiangong space station into space． After a 13-hour trip， the new section， known as Mengtian， docked（对接） with Tiangong space station on the early morning of November 1st， 2022， finally completing it． The new section was launched from Hainan Island in the south of China．
For years， China has been working hard to create its own space station． Last year， China began to launch three modules（舱） of Tiangong space station， one at a time． The main module， Tianhe， was launched in April 2021． It holds the power source and main controls for the station， as well as the astronauts’ living area． In July 2022， China launched its first laboratory module， Wentian， which is the country’s largest ever spacecraft．
The new module， Mengtian （meaning “dreaming of the heavens”）， is also designed as a laboratory． It is about 18 meters long and has 8 special research areas for experiments（实验）． Mengtian is set up so that experiments can also be run outside the module itself． Chinese astronauts can use special robotic arms to run experiments from inside Tiangong．
China’s space program is working with the European Space Agency on some experiments on the Mengtian， China says that one day， foreign astronauts will also be able to visit Tiangong．
Tiangong space station is expected to last 10 to 15 years． Though the Mengtian module completes the station， China could add more modules in the future．
China’s space program has grown greatly in recent years with a series of successes． In 2020， for example， its Chang’e 5 probe returned to the earth carrying moon rocks． Those were the first moon samples brought to the earth since the 1970s．
37．The meaning of the underlined word “launched” in the first paragraph is the closest to “________”．
A．sent up B．landed C．taken off D．set up
38．Which module is the astronauts’ living area in?
A．Tianhe． B．Wentian． C．Mengtian． D．It is not mentioned．
39．When was China’s largest spacecraft launched?
A．In 2020． B．In April 2021．
C．In July 2022． D．On November 1st， 2022．
40．Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．No more modules can be docked with Tiangong in the future．
B．Chang’e 5 probe brought moon rocks back to the earth in 2020．
C．China created Tiangong space station together with European Space Agency．
D．Chinese astronauts can’t use robotic arms to run experiments from inside Tiangong．
（2023·浙江丽水·统考中考真题）Seagrass， an underwater plant that grows on the ocean floor， is very important for sea life． It also helps prevent global warming by storing carbon， a harmful gas． However， scientists don’t know exactly how much seagrass is at the bottom of the ocean． With the help of tiger sharks， a team of researchers has discovered the world’s largest seagrass meadow（grassland）on the seafloor near the Bahamas．
Seagrass meadows are home to many different kinds of fish， shellfish， and so on． Large sea animals， such as sharks， also spend a lot of time there looking for food． Seagrass can grow in very deep and dark waters， making it difficult to find． But sharks can dive deep into the water and get to the areas people cannot reach．
After noticing tiger sharks swimming through seagrass off the Bahamas， an American scientist worked with a seagrass expert， trying to map the locations of the plants． The researchers fitted seven tiger sharks with cameras． Since tiger sharks swim in groups， they placed satellite tracking tags（卫星跟踪器）on eight other sharks to find out exactly where the animals swam． They collected hours of videos of the tiger sharks swimming through seagrass．
The researchers found more seagrass growing near the Bahamas than they expected—in fact， they believe that there is more seagrass there than anywhere else on Earth． The new finding increased the total number of seagrass known to exist by 41%． However， more research is needed to discover the true size of the seagrass meadow．
Scientists often depend on findings from divers and boats to study about the underwater world， but this team found that working with animals improved their understanding． They are now placing cameras on sea turtles to study seagrass in the Red Sea． Hopefully， more mysteries about seagrass will be solved．
41．What are the scientists studying according to the passage?
A．Sharks． B．The Bahamas． C．Seagrass． D．The Red Sea．
42．Which italic（斜体）word has the same meaning as the underlined word “map” in Paragraph 3?
A．Is there a map of China in the classroom?
B．Amy mapped out her plans on the new project．
C．It is the West lake that really puts Hangzhou on the map．
D．The police have successfully mapped where the missing boy is．
43．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A．The reason for the study． B．The method to do the research．
C．The finding of the research． D．The difficulty in carrying out the study．
44．Why does the writer write the passage?
A．To tell the importance of saving seagrass．
B．To express the strong love for tiger sharks．
C．To share a new way of doing undersea research．
D．To introduce a special project on global warming．
（2023·重庆·统考中考真题）The Chinese pingfeng （folding screen） is an ancient invention and traditional Chinese furniture （家具）． Its earliest common use dates from the Han Dynasty． The term pingfeng means protection from wind， showing its purpose at the very beginning．
As time passes， it has been made into different sizes with colourful paintings． On screens usually appears a dragon． It’s a symbol of light， growth and life-giving water． It also stands for nobility and power． The peacock， a beautiful bird， can be seen on screens， too． It’s a symbol of everlasting life． Beautiful flowers， which mean wealth and good luck， are also chosen as a popular design of the pingfeng． All the designs carry people’s beautiful wishes．
Behind the pingfeng lies an interesting story． In the past the unmarried daughter of a rich family was not supposed to see or be seen by men except her father， brothers or very close male cousins． When an admirer paid a visit however， she might take a secret look at him from a screen behind which she would be completely hidden． Her father would discuss poems with the young man and ask him to create one． If the daughter and her father were satisfied with the young man’s poem and his looks， she might agree to take him as a husband．
Today the pingfeng is back in fashion for its beauty and its practical （实际的） use as furniture． Acting as a moving wall or divider， it can be the perfect match （相配） for modern sofas and walls， which adds style to them．
The pingfeng is more than beautiful furniture．
45．What was the pingfeng used for at the very beginning?
A．Protecting people from wind． B．Dividing a room．
C．Making a room beautiful． D．Hiding a person．
46．Which design is a symbol of wealth and good luck?
A．The dragon． B．The peacock． C．The water． D．The flowers．
47．How does the writer develop his idea in Paragraph 2?
A．By telling a story． B．By giving examples．
C．By comparing differences． D．By explaining the result．
48．What is the best title for the passage?

A．The Practical Use of the Pingfeng
B．A Beautiful Story of the Pingfeng
C．Old Pingfeng in Modem Homes
D．The Hidden Beauty of the Pingfeng
（2023·湖北随州·统考中考真题）
You are always told to wash your hands before you eat． You know you must wash your hands after going to the bathroom． You should wash your hands many times during the day． Do you know how to wash your hands correctly?
Always use soap to wash your hands． After turning on the tap （水龙头） and wetting your hands， you can rub （摩擦） your hands with soap． Soap may not kill all the germs （细菌）， but it can wash away the oil on your skin． As the oil is washed away， the germs will leave your hands and go away．
You should wash your hands for 15-20 seconds． How do you know the length （长度） of 15-20 seconds? You can sing ABC Song． By the time you get to the last note， your hands will be clean!
Rub your hands together． You can use one hand to rub the back of the other hand and then exchange two hands． You also need to rub between your fingers． Don’t forget to rub under and around your fingernails．
Maybe your hands don’t look dirty， but there are germs on them． Germs are too small for you to see． They are on your hands all the time． Many illnesses are caused by germs， so you should often wash your hands．
49．Why does the writer mention ABC Song?
A．Because it is the most popular song in the world．
B．Because everyone can sing this song very well．
C．Because washing hands is as easy as singing ABC Song．
D．Because you can sing this song to know the length of washing hands．
50．The underlined word “note” in Paragraph 3 means “________” in Chinese．
A．音符 B．注释 C．笔记 D．便条
51．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A．Using soap to wash your hands．
B．Using a clean towel （毛巾） to dry your hands．
C．Washing your hands for about 20 seconds．
D．Rubbing under and around your fingernails．
52．According to the passage， you can know ________．
A．why you should often wash hands
B．what the best soap people usually use is
C．what kind of germs there are on your hands
D．how many germs there are on your hands
53．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．How to stay healthy． B．How to protect your fingers．
C．How to wash hands correctly． D．How to keep away from germs．
（2023·甘肃天水·统考中考真题）Pencils and Pens
No one knows who invented pencils or when it happened． A Swiss described a pencil in a book in 1565． He said it was a piece of wood with lead inside it． （Lead is a very heavy， soft， dark gray metal．） Pencils weren’t popular， and people continued to write with pens． They used bird feathers as pens．
Then， in 1795， someone started making pencils from graphite （石墨）， and they became very popular． One pencil can write 50，000 English words or make a line 55 kilometers long．
People wrote with feather pens and then used pens with metal points． They had to dip （蘸） the point into ink after every few letters． Next， someone invented a fountain pen that could hold ink inside it． A fountain pen can write several pages before you have to fill it again．
Two Hungarian brothers， Ladislao and Georg Biro， invented the ballpoint pen． English pilots liked the pens． They couldn’t write with fountain pens in airplanes because the ink leaked out． Later， a French company called Bic bought the Biros’ company．
Some people call ballpoint pens “Bics．” Australians call them “Biros．” Whatever we call them， we use them every day．

阅读以上材料，根据其内容回答其后各个小题。
54．A ________ described a pencil in 1565．
A．Canadian B．German C．Swiss D．Japanese
55．The first pens were ________．
A．feathers B．stone C．graphite D．wooden
56．One pencil can write ________ English words．
A．1，795 B．50，000 C．55 D．1，943
57．Which of the following is NOT true?
A．A fountain pen can hold ink inside it．
B．Ballpoint pen are good for writing in airplanes．
C．Fountain pens may leak ink．
D．Biros’ company bought Bic．
58．What’s the main idea of this passage?
A．We use pens and pencils every day．
B．There were many kinds of pens before ballpoint pens．
C．Pens and pencils are very useful inventions．
D．Pens were invented earlier than pencils．
（2023·河北·统考中考真题）Do you do team projects at school? I do a lot． I enjoy team projects because I like sharing ideas with other people． Of course， team activities aren’t always easy． You need to know how to work well together． Here are some suggestions to make team work easier．
Know the goals
Make sure everyone understands the goal of the project． If you’re doing a class project， you need to check the teacher’s instructions carefully and ask questions whenever something isn’t clear． There’s a popular saying: If you don’t know where you’re going， you probably won’t get there．
Assign （指派） roles
Everyone should have a role in the team． For example， there should be a leader who helps everyone make decisions． There might be a note-taker who writes down the team’s ideas during meetings， and a time-keeper to control the time． There might also be a fact-checker or a group speaker．
Divide the work
For large projects， the work can be divided into smaller tasks． Then you can choose tasks that you do well or enjoy． Of course， you shouldn’t always do the same task． It’s good to try new things， even if they’re difficult!
Make a plan
After you divide the work， write down a plan on paper． You can use a calendar to help you． List all the tasks and think about when each one must be finished． It’s important for everyone to follow the plan． And if you can’t finish your part on time， tell the others as soon as possible．
Try to be positive （积极的）． Everything is easier when you’re enjoying yourself in the team．
59．How does the writer begin the text?
A．By telling a story． B．By asking a question．
C．By showing a saying． D．By sending a message．
60．What is the leader’s main job in the team?
A．Controlling the activity time． B．Writing down the team’s ideas．
C．Making speeches for the team． D．Helping the others make decisions．
61．What should you do after dividing the work?
A．Set a clear goal． B．Work out a plan．
C．Decide everyone’s role． D．Check the teacher’s examples．
62．What is the writer trying to do in the text?
A．Introduce the teacher’s instructions． B．Give information about smaller tasks．
C．Explain the method to do team projects． D．Describe the importance of creative ideas．
（2023·河北·统考中考真题）Progress means the act of going forward． Making any kind of progress can make us healthy and happy in life． By setting and actively working towards our goals， we can make progress in our life．
To make more progress in life， start looking at problems in a different way． Whatever happens， if we think positively， it can be useful and helpful． We need to know that problems are part of our life． After we solve problems one after another， we can make more progress and become stronger．
Having confidence （信心） is helpful for us to make progress． Confidence comes from different places， such as proper education， training or having good relationships． We should also stay with people who believe in our success and actively support us． These people can help push us towards progress．
Slow progress is still progress． Just as the old saying goes， “It does not matter how slowly you go as long as you do not stop．” Progress usually comes a lot more slowly than we expect． Even if progress is slow， try not to be worried． One important thing is that we keep taking steps towards our goals， and another is that we clearly remember what our goals are all the time． The actual speed isn’t important．
The road to progress is not always smooth． Most progress often comes with setbacks along the way． Sometimes， maybe it feels like we’re taking one step forward and three steps back， but it won’t always be like that． Keep going towards our goals and we can much more easily make the progress we want．
Progress doesn’t always happen in a straight line． As long as we keep working， we will achieve higher levels．
63．What does progress make us do?
A．Set lifelong goals． B．Go forward easily．
C．Live healthily and happily． D．Think about new things．
64．What does Paragraph 3 tell us?
A．We should support different people． B．Some people can push us to failure．
C．Confidence helps us make progress． D．Different schools expect the same progress．
65．What does the writer say about slow progress?
A．It often goes smoothly． B．It still means progress．
C．It sometimes stops progress． D．It always gives us a clear mind．
66．Which word is close to the underlined word “setbacks”?
A．Prizes． B．Advantages． C．Excuses． D．Difficulties．
67．Which can be a proper title for the text?
A．Ideas about Making Progress B．Keys to Speeding up Progress
C．Meanings of Having Confidence D．Suggestions on Relationships
（2023·山东泰安·统考中考真题）

Many people may throw away the pits inside fruits after eating them， but inheritors of nut carving（核雕继承人）have turned them into artworks instead．
Weifang nut carving goes back to the Qing Dynasty． During that time， an old imperial craftsman（皇家手艺人）Wang Dayan spread the skill to the local people in Shandong Province． Craftsmen back then often used peach pits（桃核）to show off their artistic skills． Because of the high level of carving skills needed， the traditional culture and its rich artistic theme， Weifang nut carving was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage（国家非物质文化遗产）in 2008．
“One nut， from 0．8 to 6 centimeters long， can be made into fan pendants， earrings， buttons， seals and so on，” said Tan Wanhai， 48， an inheritor of Weifang nut carving． Tan has studied the art of nut carving for 25 years and has created many nut carvings．
However， the craftsman also said that bringing this kind of artwork to life is not easy． “Unlike some pits like olive（橄榄）pits which have a flat surface， each peach pit has its own special texture（质地）like human fingerprints， “ Tan said， adding， that， craftsmen have to study each peach pit to carefully plan out their artwork．
Nut carving craftsmen also need to have knowledge in many areas． According to Tan， they have to master skills in painting， seal carving and calligraphy from many traditional cultures．
Thanks to their creative design and fresh ideas， Weifang nut carving artworks have been increasingly welcomed by people in China． More people are learning the art and have even become inheritors to pass down the skill to young people．
“Now， the number of inheritors is about 1，000． But I believe it could be bigger． More craftsmen now give up the tradition of passing down the skill only through the family and open it up to anyone who is interested in learning the skill，” said Tan．
68．Weifang nut carving was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage because of ________．
①the high level of carving skills needed         ②its rich artistic theme
③the traditional culture                      ④the popularity around the world
A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①②③④
69．What does the fourth paragraph mainly tell us?
A．The cultural value of nut carving． B．The knowledge craftsmen have to master．
C．The inheritor and his carving artworks． D．Difficulties craftsmen have．
70．What can we learn about the passage?
A．Weifang nut carving goes back to the Ming Dynasty．
B．Tan thinks there could be more inheritors of nut carving．
C．More craftsmen now give up the tradition of passing down the skill．
D．Each peach pit has a flat surface and it’s easy to carve on it．
71．What could be the best title for the passage?
A．Tan’s Nut Carving Achievements B．Amazing Artworks in China
C．Carving Artworks out of Nut D．The History of Nut Carving
（2023·山东泰安·统考中考真题）

The movie Home Coming took the lead in the box office（票房） during the National Day holiday in 2022．
It tells a story that happened in North Africa． After a war breaks out there， two Chinese diplomats（外交官） are ordered to help evacuate the overseas Chinese． After completing the first task successfully， they learn that another group of Chinese citizens（公民） are still in great danger． Realizing that these people will die if they don’t give a hand， the two men travel through the war area． They risk their lives to help over 100 Chinese citizens go to a safe place． The movie not only shows how the two diplomats protect the people with courage， but also shows their deep love for the country and people．
Home Coming reminds many people of a similar real event which truly happened in Libya in 2011． Chinese Embassy（大使馆） helped the evacuation of more than 30，000 Chinese citizens． Behind this event were many efforts of Chinese diplomats． After watching the film， a man recalled his personal experience． “We are the lucky ones because we have a strong country and are well protected，” he said．
Home Coming is a success partly because of the growing national pride and confidence Chinese people have in our country． A comment（评论） reads， “Chinese passport might not get you anywhere you want， but it can always bring you back home．”
72．The movie Home Coming is about a story that happened in ________．
A．North America B．South America C．South Africa D．North Africa
73．What does the underlined word “evacuate” mean in the second paragraph?
A．躲藏 B．逃避 C．撤离 D．评价
74．How many Chinese citizens were evacuated in the real event in 2011?
A．Over one hundred． B．Over thirty thousand．
C．Over three million． D．Over three thousand．
75．According to the passage， which of the following statements is NOT right?
A．The two diplomats protect the people with courage．
B．The two diplomats love the country and people deeply．
C．We Chinese have a strong country and are well protected．
D．Chinese passport can get you anywhere you want．
（2023·山西·统考中考真题）请阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The 3 most wonderful train journeys provide the natural beauty of our motherland． Read on to see which line you want to start your journey with．
Xining to Lhasa
Length: around 1，900 km long        Price: 781 yuan for a soft sleeper
The railway line is popular with travellers who want to visit Tibet（西藏）． It is the longest high altitude（海拔）train trip in the world and is named as “the way to the sky”． Most of the line is over 4，000 meters． You can see Qinghai Lake outside the train’s windows．
Chengdu to Kunming
Length: around 1，100 km long      Price: 487．5 yuan for a second class
The railway line has been in service since July 1970． From Chengdu， with an altitude of 400 meters or so， the train goes up to about 2，000 meters across mountains． This line is called Geological Museum（地质博物馆）because of the special geography along the railway line．
Lhasa to Rikaze
Length: around 250 km long        Price: 64 yuan for a soft seat
This railway line connects to the Qinghai-Tibet Railway and has an altitude of above 3，600 meters． It makes Tibet travel easier for travellers， especially those who want to see Mount Qomolangma， the highest mountain in the world．
76．Xining to Lhasa Railway is called “the way to the sky” because ________．
A．most of it is over 4，000 meters
B．it gives travellers a feeling of flying
C．there are many high mountains along it
77．Mr． Green and his wife are planning a train trip from Chengdu to Kunming， they should pay ________ for their second-class tickets．
A．781 yuan B．975 yuan C．551．5 yuan
78．As for Chengdu to Kunming Railway， we can know that ．
A．it is about 2，000 kilometers long
B．it has been in service for 70 years
C．the geography along the line is special
79．The railway from Lhasa to Rikaze makes it easier for travellers to see ________．
A．Qinghai Lake B．Geological Museum C．Mount Qomolangma
80．The three wonderful railway lines ________．
A．go across Tibet all the way
B．run from the east to the west of China
C．take us to enjoy the beauty of our motherland

1．C 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．B
6．C 7．A 8．D 9．D
10．B 11．C 12．A 13．D
14．B 15．B 16．D 17．C 18．A
19．D 20．C 21．B 22．C 23．A
24．D 25．A 26．C 27．D 28．B
29．B 30．C 31．B 32．C 33．A
34．C 35．B 36．A
37．A 38．A 39．C 40．B
41．C 42．D 43．C 44．C
45．A 46．D 47．B 48．D
49．D 50．A 51．B 52．A 53．C
54．C 55．A 56．B 57．D 58．C
59．B 60．D 61．B 62．C
63．C 64．C 65．B 66．D 67．A
68．A 69．D 70．B 71．C
72．D 73．C 74．B 75．D
76．A 77．B 78．C 79．C 80．C