专题12 定语从句-备战2024年初中英语中考单元知识点一遍过（牛津译林版）

这是一份专题12 定语从句-备战2024年初中英语中考单元知识点一遍过（牛津译林版），共11页。试卷主要包含了定语从句的构成，关系代词，关系副词等内容，欢迎下载使用。

专题12 定语从句

定语从句关系词



一、定语从句的构成
This is the best film that I have seen.
★先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
★关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词又分为关系代词与关系副词
关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose
关系副词：when, where, why

二、关系代词
作用：引导定语从句，并在从句中充当主语、宾语
代指人：who，whom，that，whose
代指物：that，which，whose
关系词通常有下列三个作用：
A、引导定语从句； B、代替先行词； C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。

1. who指人,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）
The man who I talked with is our teacher.
A person who steals things is called a thief.
2. whom指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)
The man whom/who I nodded to is Mr. Li.
The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.
3. which 指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略, 如介词提前则不能省)
These are the trees which were planted last year.
This recorder which he is using is made in Japan.
Is this the library which you borrow books from?
Is this the library from which you borrow books?
4. that 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略），且只用在限制性定语从句中。
A plane is a machine that can fly.
He is the man that/who/whom I told you about.
5. whose 在定从中作定语，表所属关系，翻译为“他的/她的/它的”，用来代替 his，her，their，its. whose指人也指物
指物时 = of which 指人时 = of whom
This is the book whose cover is blue.
This is the book of which the cover is blue.
This is the book the cover of which is blue.
Do you know the girl whose father died in Iraq.
Do you know the girl of whom the father died in Iraq.
Do you know the girl the father of whom died in Iraq.

【例题】
The newly built café, the walls of_______ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.
A. that B. it C. what D. which
【答案】 D
who ,whom, whose, which, that
口诀: 前看先行词, 辩清人或物
后看从句里, 有无主宾语

【练习】
1).This is the house __________ was built last year.
2).The boy _______________ we saw yesterday was John’s brother.
3).The car __________ my uncle had just bought was destroyed in the earthquake.
4).That is the man ____________ we were looking for.
5).The house _____________ window are broken belongs to my grandfather.
6).I hate people ______________ talk much but do little.
【答案】
1.which/that 2.that/whom/who/ \ 3.that/which/ \ 4.who/whom/that/ \ 5.whose/of which the 6.who/that

注意点：


★ 只用that 不用which 的情况
①当先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时等，这时的that常被省略。
②还有先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,或先行词就是序数词或最高级时.
③以及先行词中既有人又有物时.还有句中前面有which或who时,都只能用that
④当先行词被the only，the very 修饰时表示强调
⑤两个定语从句中一个已用which时，另一个用that
1).We should do everything _________ is good for our studies.
2).The is the first place ________ I want to visit.
3).This is the most interesting book _________ I have ever read.
4).This is the only thing_________ we can do.
5).He built up a factory which produced things ________ I had never seen before.
6).We talked about the things and persons __________ we were interested in.
【答案】1.that 2.that/ \ 3.that/ \ 4.that/ \ 5.that/ \ 6.that/ \

★ 只用which不用that的情况：
①介词后
②用于非限制定语从句中
③which可指代前面讲到的整件事。
1).This is the train by _______ we went to Beijing.
2).Football, _______ is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.
3).He was late for school again, _________ made the teacher very angry.
【答案】which which which

★ 只用who不用that的情况：
①先行词是指人的不定代词anyone等或those
1).Anyone comes late should be punished.
2).He admired those looked beautiful.
【答案】who who

★ way后面的定语从句，引导定语从句有三种情况：in which或that或 \
作状语：in which或that或 \
作主宾表：that或 \
I don’t like the way he spoke to our teacher.
He has given you the way ______ is best to solve the problem.
I want to know the way ______ he told you yesterday.
【答案】 in which/that/ \ that that/\

单选题
1.This is the school _______ we visited last year.
A. that B. where C. who D. whose
2.Liu Yang is the first Chinese woman astronaut_______ has ever traveled in space.
A. whom B. which C. who D. whose
3.I can't find the book __________my mother bought me.
A. who B. when C. which D. where
4.She is the girl invention got the first prize in the school competition .
A．who B．that C．which D. whose
5.—Do you know the man ______ is standing at the door?
—Yes, I do. He's a friend of_____.
A. when; I B. who; mine C. that; me D. which; my
6.Yesterday Li Ming went to the village_________ his family lived ten years ago.
A. when B. which C. where D. that
7.A friend is someone______ says, "What! You too? I thought I was the only one!”
A. who B. which C. what D. whose
【答案】A C C D B C A

填空题
1. The house _______ we live is very big.
2. The boy ______ is wearing the black jacket is very clever.
3. This is the present _____ he gave me for my birthday.
4. The man _______ talked to you just now is an engineer.
5. He talked about the teachers and schools _______ he had visited.
6. There is nothing in the world _______ can frighten him.
7. She wears a gold ring _______ is very uncommon in our class.
8. We visited a factory _______ makes toys for children.
【答案】
1. where 2. who/ that 3. which/ that 4. who/ that 5. that 6. that 7. which/ that 8. which/ that

三、关系副词
1.when 在从句中作时间状语，相当于介词+关系代词（which）
I’ll never forget the day when I joined the army.
when=on which(=on the day)
★先行词是时间时，并非都用when引导从句来修饰，试比较：
☆ Do you still remember the days _________there was no electricity?
☆ Do you still remember the days ____________we spent together?
【答案】when which/that/ \

2.where在从句中作地点状语，先行词通常是表示地点的名词。相当于介词+关系代词（which）
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
where =in which(=in the house)
★先行词是地点时，并非都用where 引导从句来修饰，试比较：
☆ The place ________ Lucy once worked has become a museum.
☆ The place______________ I visited last week is in Shang Hai.
【答案】where which/that/ \

★需掌握的由where引导的特殊定语从句

☆In order to get started in this career,I’m willing to accept any position(职位) ______ I can show my abilities.
A.when B. where C. to which D. which
【答案】 B
类似的先行词有：case(情况) ,situation(情形), point(程度), stage(阶段) …

3.why在从句中作原因状语，先行词通常是reason相当于“介词for+ 关系代词（which）
Do you know the reason why she was late.
why=for which(=for the reason)
★先行词是the reason时并非都用why
☆ That’s the reason _______he was late.
☆ That’s the reason ____________he gave me.
【答案】why which/that/ \

介词+关系代词
①.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系
That’s the newspaper for which I write articles.
②.根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，
Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which I’m not sure.
③.根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，
1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded.
注意： 介词+关系代词 中关系代词只能用which 或 whom; 不可用that 或who 代替.

单项选择
( )1. 一What do you think of the TV program called Readers?
一Wonderful! It is the best program I have ever watched.
A. when B. that C. what D. who
( )2. According to a survey, people are able to speak two languages can manage two things at the same time more easily.
A. which B. whom C. whose D. who
( )3. 一CCTV has produced a TV show-Chinese Poetry Competition. Have you seen it?
一Sure. Wu Yishu, 16, studies at the High School Affiliated to Fudan University, is the winner.
A. which B. where C. who D. whom
( )4. Tu Youyou is the woman used the plant's special power to save millions of lives.
A. which B. who C. whose D./
( )5. 一Why are you so worried?
一I've lost the watch my dad bought me on my birthday.
A. what B. who C. whose D. which
( )6. I'd like to tell you about the table manners you should know when you visit France.
A. which B. who C. what D. how
( )7. Roald Dahl was a great children's writer. His dark past helped him paint a picture
Was different to most other writers.
A. that B. who C./ D. whom
( )8.Yesterday Mr. Green went to his hometown and visited the old house he was born in.
A. which B. where C. what D. it
( )9. 一What kind of movies do you prefer?
一I prefer the movies me something to think about.
A. which give B. that gives
C. what gives D. who gives
( )10. This is a heartwarming story about a boy saved his mother's life.
A. which B. who C. whose D. whom
( )11. Lily loves music she can sing along with.
A. which B. who C. what D. whom
( )12. Sara is the girl has taught me how to use WeChat.
A. whom B. which C. what D. who
( )13. I hate the dogs live in the next house. They make loud noises all night.
A. who B. that C. what D. whom
( )14. The car my uncle had just bought was destroyed in the earthquake.
A. whose B. whom C. who D. which
( )15. We still remember the lovely teachers have taught us for 3 years.
A. who B. whose C. whom D. which
( )16. The lady in the kitchen is doing the dishes is my aunt.
A. where B. who C. which D. whom
( )17. 一Tom usually helps others with math problems and Mr. Li often praises him for it.
一I agree. A student is always helping others is worth praise.
A. whom B. which C. who D. whose
( )18. 一Please tell me something about Yang Liwei.
一He is a great astronaut of all the Chinese are proud
A. that B. whose C. who D. whom
( )19. This is the best book I have read.
A. that B. whose C. which D. who
( )20. Journey to the West is a book influences teenagers a .lot. It is very popular.
A. who B. when C. which D. what
【答案】1-10 BDCBDAAAAB 11-20 ADBDABCDAC

对比练习
1. ① This is one of the most interesting films _____ shown last week.
② This is the very one of the most interesting films _____ shown last week.
A. which was                        B. that was C. which were                       D. that were
2. ① He has two sons, _____ are college students.
② He has two sons, and _____ are college students.
A. both of which                    B. both of whom C. both of them        D. both of it
【答案】 1. ① D  ② B                         2. ① B  ② C
3. ① He still lives in the room _____ window faces to the east.
② He still lives in the room, the window _____ faces to the east.
③ He still lives in the room _____ is on the third floor.
④ He still lives in the room _____ there is a beautiful table.
A. which         B. whose         C. where         D. of which
4. ① _____ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
② _____ who leaves the room last ought to turn off the　lights.
③ _____ who leave the room last ought to turn off the lights.
A. Anyone       B. Who           C. Those       D. Whoever
【答案】 3. ① B  ② D  ③ A  ④ C             4. ① D  ② A  ③ C
 5. ① I’ll never forget the days _____ we studied together.
② I’ll never forget the days _____ we spent together.
A. that          B. 不填        C. when         D. Which E.a.b.d.
【答案】① C  ② E
 6. ① This is the only way _____ you can find.
② I don’t like the way _____ he spoke to his mother.
A. that  B. 不填    C. in which    D. A, B and C      E. A and B
【答案】 7. ① E  ② D                        
7. ① Is this museum _____ they visited last month?
② The teacher tells us that _____ cleans the blackboard is to be praised.
A. that     B. the one C. which    D. the one who
8. ① It was eleven o’clock _____ they went out of the cinema.
② It was at eleven o’clock  _____  they　went out of the cinema.
A. which    B. that    C. when      D. on which
【答案】9. ① B  ②　D                        10.  ① C ② B