中考英语复习知识点练专题16定语从句（原卷版）

这是一份中考英语复习知识点练专题16定语从句（原卷版），共15页。
中考英语知识清单（通用版）
目录
TOC \ "1-3" \h \z \u \l "_Tc113223667" 考情分析： PAGEREF _Tc113223667 \h 1
\l "_Tc113223668" 1.定语从句的功用和结构 PAGEREF _Tc113223668 \h 1
\l "_Tc113223669" 2.关系代词和关系副词的具体用法 PAGEREF _Tc113223669 \h 1
\l "_Tc113223670" 3.关系代词和关系副词的作用 PAGEREF _Tc113223670 \h 3
\l "_Tc113223671" 4.具体使用时常见问题 PAGEREF _Tc113223671 \h 4
\l "_Tc113223672" 5.牛刀小试 PAGEREF _Tc113223672 \h 5
考情分析：
定语从句一般不是中考重点考查内容，大部分地区的中考只要求理解定语从句，但是部分地区也对定语从句的引导词及定语从句中的主谓一致进行了考查，但是理解定语从句的结构对于准确理解句子的意思相当重要。
1.定语从句的功用和结构
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。
如：
This is the present that he gave me fr my birthday.
这是他为我生日送的礼物。
D yu knw everybdy wh came t the party?
你认识来宴会的每一位吗？
This is the place where Chairman Ma nce lived.
这是毛主席曾经居住过的地方。
2.关系代词和关系副词的具体用法
（1） wh 指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
如：
The persn wh brke the windw must pay fr it.
打碎玻璃的人必须赔偿。
The by wh is wearing the black jacket is very clever.
穿黑色夹克的男孩非常聪明。
（2）whm指人，在定语从句中作宾语。
如：
D yu knw the yung man (whm) we met at the gate？
你认识我们在门口遇到的那位男士吗？
Mr. Lee (whm) yu want t see has cme.
你要见的李先生已经来了。
（3）whse 指人，在定语从句中作定语。
如：
The girl whse mther is ill is staying at hme tday.
她妈妈病的那个女孩今天呆在家里。
I knw the by whse father is a prfessr.
我认识他父亲是教授的那个男孩。
（4）which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。
如：
A dictinary is a bk which gives the meaning f wrds.
字典是一本解释单词意思的书。
Here is the bk (which) the teacher mentined yesterday.
这是老师昨天提到的那本书。
（5） that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
如：
I’ve read the newspaper that / which carries the imprtant news.
我已经读了那份承载重要新闻的报纸。
Wh is the persn that is reading the newspaper ver there?
正在那儿读报纸的人是谁？
（6）when 指时间，在定语从句中作状语。
如：
I’ll never frget the time when we wrked n the farm.
我从不会忘记我们工作在农场的时间。
He arrived in Beijing n the day when I left.
就在我离开那天他到得北京。
（7）where 指地点，在定语从句中作状语。
如：
This is the huse where we lived last year.
这是我们去年居住的那个房子。
The factry where his father wrks is in the east f the city.
父亲工作的那个工厂在城市的东边。
3.关系代词和关系副词的作用
关系代词和关系副词用来引导定语从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分，关系代词可作主语、宾语或定语，关系副词可作状语。
（1） 作主语：关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词一致。
如：
I dn’t like peple wh talk much but d little.
我不喜欢说得多而做得少的人。
The cars which are prduced in Hubei Prvince sell very well.
湖北生产的汽车销售得很好。
（2） 作宾语：
如：
She is the persn that I met at the schl gate yesterday.
她是我昨天在校门口遇见的那个人。
The bk that my grandmther gave me is called The Great Escape.
奶奶给我的那本书叫《大逃亡》。
（3） 作定语：关系代词whse在定语从句中作定语用。
如：
What’s the name f the yung man whse sister is a dctr?
他的妹妹是医生的那个年轻男子叫什么名字？
The girl whse father is a teacher studies very hard.
她的父亲是一位老师的那个女孩学习很努力。
（4） 作状语
如：
I’ll never frget the day when I first came t Beijing.
我将从不会忘记我第一次来北京的那天。
This is the huse where I was brn.
这是我出生的那个房子。
4.具体使用时常见问题
只能使用that,不用which 的情况：
(1) 先行词是all, few, little, nthing, everything, anything 等不定代词时。
如：
All that he said is true.
所有他说的都是真的。
(2) 如果先行词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, few, much, n, sme, nly, very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which。
如：
This is the nly bk that the ld wman is interested in.
这是仅有的一本老妇人感兴趣的书。
(3) 先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。
如：
It was the secnd huse that I bught.
这是我买的第二个房子。
(4) 先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。
如：
This is the best bk (that) I have read this year.
这是我今年读过的最好的书。
(5) 先行词既包括人又包括物时。
如：
He talked abut the peple and the things that he remembered.
他谈论他记起得的人和事。
只能用which，不能用that 的情况：
(1) 在非限制性定语从句中。
如：
I will take this ne, which was exactly what we wanted.
我想买这个，它确实是我想要的。
(2) 定语从句由介词+关系代词引导，先行词是物时。
如：
The thing abut which he is talking is f great imprtance.
他在谈论的那个事是很重要的。
(3) which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this相似。
如：
He succeeded in the cmpetitin, which made his parents very happy.
他在比赛中成功了，这使他父母很高兴。
5.牛刀小试
1．（2022·四川广元·二模）Nw China is ne f the few natins _________ can prduce a large number f COVID-19 vaccines (疫苗).
A．thatB．whC．whereD．when
2．（2022·辽宁丹东·模拟预测）—What kind f jb d yu like?
—Oh, I prefer the jb ________ can make ur city mre beautiful.
A．whatB．whichC．whseD．wh
3．（2022·广西玉林·二模）—We are prud f the great changes ________ ur cuntry has had these years.
—Yes, s many villages have taken n a new lk.
A．thatB．whatC．whD．where
4．（2022·辽宁鞍山·三模）—At present yung peple prefer WeChat t keep in tuch with their friends.
—Yes. It seems t be the best way f cmmunicatin ________ peple like.
A．whichB．whatC．whD．that
5．（2022·辽宁葫芦岛·二模）The unfrgettable experience ________ we had in the summer camp makes us grw up.
A．whB．whseC．whichD．whm
6．（2022·辽宁葫芦岛·三模）— D yu like the nvel?
— Yes, I d. It is the first ne ________ I have read three times.
A．whB．whenC．thatD．this
7．（2022·吉林长春·二模）Many peple here like this beautiful park ________ is full f clrful flwers.
A．whB．whereC．whichD．what
8．（2022·吉林长春·模拟预测）I like bks ________ are abut pwerful and successful peple.
A．whseB．whatC．whD．which
9．（2022·吉林长春·一模）I really admire thse vlunteers ________ can ffer t help peple in truble.
A．whB．whichC．whmD．what
10．（2022·甘肃酒泉·二模）— I heard that AECM（抗疫表彰会）was held in Lanzhu n April 26th.
— Yes. I really lk up t thse heres in Gansu ________ have made great achievements（成就）
A．whB．whichC．whereD．whse
11．（2022·云南·模拟预测）A memrial meeting was held t hnr the heres ________ lst their lives during the utbreak f COVID-19.
A．whB．whichC．whatD．whse
12．（2022·四川达州·一模）—Culd yu tell me ________ kind f mvies yu like best?
—I like the mvies ________ make me learn mre abut the wrld.
A．what; whichB．what; whatC．which; whatD．which; where
13．（2022·甘肃武威·模拟预测）Which f the fllwing is RIGHT?
A．There are three chair in the classrm.B．What des the weather be like tmrrw?
C．I like music that I can dance.D．My cusin Yan Mei wrks hard at English.
14．（2022·四川·泸州市江阳区枫叶佳德学校三模）Children like the huses ________ are painted in different clrs.
A．whB．whichC．thseD．what
15．（2022·新疆乌鲁木齐·一模）—Jenny, I talked back t my mther last night. What shuld I d?
—Yu are suppsed t say srry. Parents are the peple ________ lve yu ________ in the wrld.
A．wh; betterB．wh; mstC．whm; betterD．whm; mst
16．（2022·广西玉林·一模）—D yu knw Zhang Guimei ________ was hnred as ne f the “Peple Wh Mved China”?
—Yes, she created the first free high schl fr girls in muntain areas and has helped mre than 1,800 students t g t cllege.
A．whichB．whseC．whmD．wh
17．（2022·云南·西双版纳傣族自治州教育研究所一模）Chances belng t thse ________ keep trying. As lng as yu keep wrking hard, yu’ll get a big success sner r later.
A．whB．thatC．whmD．which
18．（2022·辽宁营口·一模）Yuan Lngping is ne f the greatest scientists ________ I respect a lt.
A．whyB．whichC．whatD．that
19．（2022·辽宁阜新·中考真题）—Mm is waiting. Can we set ff nw?
—Just a minute. I can’t find the shes ________ I bught last week.
A．thatB．whC．whatD．wh
20．（2022·湖南株洲·中考真题）Yuan Lngping is a great scientist ________ will live in ur heart frever.
A．whichB．whC．what
21．（2022·广西玉林·中考真题）—Vlunteering is a meaningful activity.
—I agree. We shuld express thanks t the peple ________ d vlunteer jbs.
A．whmB．whatC．whD．which
22．（2022·辽宁营口·中考真题）He ________ des nt reach the Great Wall is nt a true man.
A．whmB．/C．whichD．wh
23．（2022·辽宁朝阳·中考真题）—What kind f mvies d yu like?
—I prefer mvies _________ me smething t think abut.
A．whm giveB．wh givesC．which giveD．that gives
24．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）—Hw exciting the speech is!
—Pretty gd! This is the best speech ________ I’ve ever heard.
A．whichB．thatC．wh
25．（2022·贵州铜仁·中考真题）—Is the wman ______ walked past just nw yur teacher?
—Yes, she teaches ______ English and we all lve her very much.
A．which; urB．wh; usC．which; usD．that; ur
26．（2022·湖北十堰·中考真题）Students lve the teachers ________ are utging and humrus.
A．whB．whmC．whichD．whse
27．（2022·四川达州·中考真题）—D yu like the mvie ________ is called The Battle at Lake Changjin?
—Sure. I think n mvie is ________ than it.
A．that; mre tuchingB．what; less tuchingC．that; mre tuchedD．which; less tuched
28．（2021·四川甘孜·中考真题）—D yu knw the girl ________ is standing ver there?
—Yes. She is my sister.
A．whenB．whereC．whD．which
29．（2022·四川自贡·中考真题）—What d yu think f the Mnkey King?
—I think he’s a her ________ keeps fighting t help the weak peple.
A．whB．whereC．whse
30．（2022·吉林·中考真题）Mrs. Wang is an English teacher ________ makes her classes lively and interesting.
A．whichB．whC．what
31．（2022·湖北恩施·中考真题）China is the first natin ________ sent Chang’e Ⅳ t the far side f the mn.
A．whichB．thatC．wh
32．（2022·黑龙江黑龙江·中考真题）The bys __________ are playing ftball are frm Class One.
A．whichB．whC．whse
33．（2022·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）I can’t frget the teachers and the university ________ I visited tw years ag. They bring me many sweet memries.
A．thatB．whichC．what
34．（2022·黑龙江·中考真题）We shuld remember thse ________ lst their lives fr ur cuntry.
A．whB．whmC．which
35．（2022·四川·乐山市教育科学研究所中考真题）— What kind f bks d yu like best?
— I like bks ________ are abut science and technlgy.
A．whB．whmC．which
36．（2022·云南昆明·模拟预测）—What are yu ding, Steve?
—I’m waiting fr the man ________ wears a pair f glasses.
A．whB．whichC．whmD．where
37．（2022·辽宁·营口市老边区实验中学模拟预测）—I lve reading bks ________ were written by Charles Dickens.
—S d I. David Cpperfield is my favrite.
A．hwB．whC．whatD．that
38．（2022·吉林省第二实验学校模拟预测）Zhang Guimei is a great teacher ________ devtes herself int the career f educatin.
A．whmB．whatC．whichD．wh
39．（2022·甘肃武威·二模）Tmrrw I will g t visit the man ________ gave us a lt f help during the trip.
A．whichB．whenC．whseD．wh
40．（2022·吉林省第二实验学校模拟预测）Mst students like the teachers ________ give them a lt f help.
A．whichB．whatC．whmD．wh
二、改写句子
41．（2021·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）I will ask smene. Smene likes serius mvies. (改为定语从句)
I will ask smene ________ ________ serius mvies.
42．（2020·甘肃金昌·中考真题）I've finished reading a bk. The bk was written by O·Henry.（合并为一句）
I've finished reading a bk__________written by O·Henry.
43．（2022·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测）This is a bk. Its cver (封面) is blue.（合并成复合句）
This is a bk ________ ________ is blue.
44．（2022·新疆伊犁·二模）Lily returned the pen t me. I lent the pen t her last Friday. (改为定语从句)
Lily returned the pen ________ I ________ her last Friday.
45．（2022·甘肃·天水市麦积区教学研究室一模）D yu like the bk? I bught the bk fr yu yesterday.（将两句合并为一句）
D yu like the bk ________ I ________ fr yu yesterday?
46．（2022·上海·模拟预测）The man is ur math teacher. He is playing ping-png ver there.(合并为一句）
The man ________ ________ playing ping-png ver there is ur math teacher.
47．（2022·上海·模拟预测）The by came t see me yesterday. He is Tm’s brther. (把下列句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句)
_____________________________________________
48．（2021·甘肃·平凉市崆峒区教育科学研究所一模）I knw the by. His mther is a dctr.(合并为一句)
I knw the by ________ mther ________ a dctr.
49．（2021·甘肃陇南·一模）This is the hall. We listened t the reprt in it yesterday.（合并为一句）
This is the hall________ we________ t the reprt yesterday
50．（2021·新疆·模拟预测）Bb lves the gift. His mther bught it fr him n his eighteenth birthday. (合并为一句话)
Bb lves the gift __________ his mther __________ fr him n his eighteenth birthday.