福建省三明市2022-2023学年高二英语下学期4月期中试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份福建省三明市2022-2023学年高二英语下学期4月期中试题（Word版附解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022—2023学年第二学期高中期中考试
高二英语
试卷满分：150分，考试时间：120分钟
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where does Mike want to go?
A. The theater. B. The bookshop. C. The restaurant.
2. What is the woman doing?
A. Asking for directions. B. Having a driving test. C. Studying road signs.
3. What does the woman suggest the man do?
A. Make a quick phone call. B. Go to the airport with her. C. Talk to her for a minute.
4. What did the girl do during the winter holiday?
A. She visited her teachers. B. She read some books. C. She went sightseeing.
5. What kind of magazines is the man interested in?
A. Political magazines. B. Fashion magazines. C. Outdoor magazines.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. Whom is the biggest gift from?
A. David. B. Jack. C. Sienna.
7. What does Sienna give the woman?
A. A scarf. B. A coat. C. A music box.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. Where does the woman work full-time?
A. In a supermarket. B. In a company. C. In a kindergarten.
9 What requirement can’t the woman meet?
A. The age. B. Work experience. C. Much overtime work.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Colleagues. C. Neighbors.
11.Why did Mary go to Xiamen?
A. To help her uncle with his business.
B. To escape Wuhan’s heat.
C. To help her uncle with his new department.
12. What does Mary probably think of seafood?
A. Delicious. B. Just so-so. C. Terrible.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. How many people will go to the market?
A. 2. B. 3. C. 4.
14. How will the man get there?
A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By underground.
15. Where will the woman transfer to the Northern Line?
A. At Bond Street. B. At Camden Town Station. C. At Tottenham Court Road.
16. What time will the speakers meet?
A. At 9:30. B. At 10:00. C. At 10:30.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. What did the speaker like doing in the first city?
A. Looking at the lights. B. Going to the museums. C. Visiting the sidewalk cafes.
18. What’s the speaker’s nationality?
A. British. B. American. C. French.
19. Which city is a world capital of culture and fashion?
A. Paris. B. New York. C. London.
20. What did The Beatles do in 1969?
A. They walked across Abbey Road.
B. They visited Buckingham Palace.
C. They checked the time at Big Ben.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Auckland University Online Education — What to Expect
Most Auckland University （AU） online programs are 100 percent online so that students do not come to the school campus. Instead, AU has designed a media-rich, easy-to-use learning environment through a Learning Management System （LMS）.
• Discipline （纪律）
With disciplined work habits, you are likely to succeed as an online student. It is up to you to log on to your course and meet your own deadlines.
• Time Management
In order to earn competitive grades, plan on spending a minimum of 20-25 hours a week on each course. AU courses operate on a seven-week schedule, with start dates in January, March, May, July, September and November. Students are able to complete two courses per semester by taking one seven-week course at a time.
• Professional Connections
Many of the AU faculty （教员）who teach online have connections to industry, so the online learning environment ensures access to diverse expertise and practice. It includes an extensive network of professionals in a variety of industries.
“I work as an IT manager. And right from the very beginning, every class I took was relevant to what I was doing at work. The wide range of courses gave me a strong foundation for my career development.”
—Jim Heilman, Computer Information Systems graduate
• Technology
It goes without saying that technology plays a vital role in online learning. You will need a high-speed Internet connection and basic computer skills. For specifics, please click here to visit our Technology page.
1. How long does it take to complete one course?
A. Seven weeks. B. One semester.
C. Several months. D. At least 20-25 hours.
2. What is the purpose of mentioning Jim Heilman?
A. To recognize an excellent graduate.
B. To set a good example to other learners.
C. To prove benefits of professional connections.
D. To show effective methods of online learning.
3. Where is the text probably taken from?
A. A course brochure. B. A college website.
C. An academic magazine. D. An online advertisement.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是应用文。文章介绍了奥克兰大学的在线教育的优势所在。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Students are able to complete two courses per semester by taking one seven-week course at a time.”可知，一门课程需要七个星期来完成，学生每学期可以上完两门课程。即完成一门课程需要七个星期。故选A。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The wide range of courses gave me a strong foundation for my career development.”可知，广泛的课程为Jim Heilman的职业发展奠定了坚实的基础。因此文章提到Jim Heilman的目的是为了证明与专业人士建立联系的好处。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“For specifics, please click here to visit our Technology page.”可知，有关详细信息，请单击此处访问我们的技术学院的页面。因此文章可能来自一个大学网站。故选B。
B
You can’t always predict a heavy rain or remember your umbrella. But designer Mikhail Belvaev doesn’t think that forgetting to check the weather forecast be for c heading out should result in you getting wet. That’s why he created Lampbrella, a lamppost with its own Tain-sensing umbrella
The designer says he came up with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in Russia. “Once, I was driving on a central Saint Petersburg street and saw the street lamps lighting up people trying to hide from the rain. I thought it would be appropriate to have a canopy (伞篷) built into a street lamp.” he said.
The Lampbrella is a standard-looking street lamp fitted with an umbrella canopy. It has a built-in electric motor which can open or close the umbrella on demand. Sensors(传感器) then ensure that the umbrella offers pedestrians shelter whenever it starts raining.
In addition to the rain sensor, there’s also a 360°motion sensor on the fiberglass street lamp which detects whether anyone is using the Lampbrella. After three minutes of not being used the canopy is closed.
According to the designer, the Lampbrella would move at a relatively low speed, so as not to cause harm to the pedestrians(行人) .Besides, it would be grounded to protect from possible lightning strike. Each Lampbrella would offer enough shelter for several people. Being installed(安装) at 2 meters off the ground, it would only be a danger for the tallest of pedestrians.
While there are no plans to take the Lampbrella into production, Belvaev says he recently introduced his creation to one Moscow Department, and insists his creation could be installed on any street where a lot of people walk but there are no canopies to provide shelter.
4. Which of the following shows how the Lampbrella works?
A. motor→canopy→sensors.
B. motor→sensors→canopy.
C. canopy→motor→sensors.
D. sensors→motor→canopy.
5. Why did Mikhail Belvaev create Lampbrella?
A. To protect people from the rain.
B To predict a heavy rain.
C. To check the weather forecast.
D. To remind people to take an umbrella.
6. What does Paragraph 5 mainly tell us about the Lampbrella?
A. Its installation. B. Its moving speed.
C. Its safety. D. Its appearance.
7. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. The designer will open a company to promote his product.
B. The designer is confident that his creation is practical.
C. The Lampbrella could be put into immediate production.
D. The Lampbrella would be put on show in Moscow.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Mikhail Belyaev发明的一种路灯，可以让人们即使在下雨天没带雨衣或者雨伞，也不必害怕被淋湿。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The Lampbrella is a standard-looking streetlamp fitted with an umbrella canopy. It has a built-in electric motor which can open or close the umbrella on demand. Sensors(传感器) then ensure that the umbrella offers pedestrians shelter whenever it starts raining.(“伞灯”是一种外形标准的路灯，上面装有伞罩。它有一个内置的电动马达，可以根据需要打开或关闭雨伞。传感器会确保雨伞在开始下雨时为行人提供庇护。)”可知，电动马达控制伞篷，而电动马达的运动是受传感器的控制，所以三者的排列关系是传感器→马达→伞篷。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中““Once, I was driving on a central Saint Petersburg street and saw the street lamps lighting up people trying to hide from the rain. I thought it would be appropriate to have a canopy (伞篷) built into a street lamp.” he said.(“有一次，我开车行驶在圣彼得堡市中心的街道上，看到路灯照亮了试图躲避雨水的人们。我觉得在路灯里装一个伞篷会很合适。”他说)”可知，Mikhail Belyaev发明雨水感应式路灯伞是为了下雨时让行人避雨。故选A。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段内容，结合“so as not to cause harm to the pedestrians(行人). Besides, it would be grounded to protect from possible lightning strike.(这样就不会对行人造成伤害。此外，它将被接地以防止可能的雷击。)”及“Being installed(安装) at 2 meters off the ground, it would only be a danger for the tallest of pedestrians.(安装在距离地面2米的地方，它只会对最高的行人造成危险。)”可知，本段主要描述了这种伞的安全性。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“and insists his creation could be installed on any street where a lot of people walk but there are no canopies to provide shelter.(并坚持认为，他的发明可以安装在任何行人多但没有遮蔽处的街道上。)”可知，设计者认为他的发明可以安装在行人多但无遮挡的街道上，由此可知设计者对自己的发明充满信心，认为它很实用。故选B。
C
Masks that helped to save lives are proving a deadly danger for wildlife, with birds and sea creatures trapped in the shocking number of thrown-away facial coverings. Single-use masks have been found around pavements, waterways and beaches worldwide. Worn once, the thin protective materials can take hundreds of years to decompose. “Face masks aren’t going away any time soon — but when we throw them away, these items can harm the environment and the animals,” Ashley Fruno of animal rights group PETA said.
In Britain, a gull was rescued by the RSPCA after its legs became tangled in the straps (带子) of a mask for up to a week. The animal welfare charity took it to a wildlife hospital for treatment before its release.
The biggest effect may be in the water. More than 1.5 billion masks made their way into the world’s oceans last year, accounting for around 6200 extra tonnes of ocean plastic pollution, according to environmental group Oceans Asia.
Conservationists in Brazil found one mask inside the stomach of a penguin after its body was washed up on a beach, while a dead pufferfish was discovered caught inside another of the coast of Miami. French campaigners found a dead crab trapped in a mask near the Mediterranean. Masks and gloves are “particularly problematic” for sea creatures, says George Leonard, chief scientist from NGO Ocean Conservancy. “When those plastics break down in the environment, they then enter the food chain and impact entire ecosystems,” he added.
There has been a shift towards greater use of reusable cloth masks as the pandemic (疫情) has worn on, but many are still using the lighter single-use varieties. Campaigners have urged people to bin them properly and cut the straps to reduce the risk of animals becoming trapped. Oceans Asia has also called on governments to increase fines for littering and encourage the use of washable masks.
8. What does the underlined word “decompose” mean?
A. Break down. B. Burn down. C. Turn down. D. Fall down.
9. What can we learn from George Leonard’s words?
A. The environmental group saves many animals.
B. Sea wildlife is fond of feeding on face masks.
C. Measures should be taken to protect sea wildlife.
D. Masks thrown around will finally harm humans.
10. How is paragraph 4 developed?
A. By analysing causes.
B. By giving examples.
C. By providing explanations.
D. By making comparisons.
11. According to the author, how might the mask problems be solved?
A. By washing the reusable cloth masks more frequently.
B. By stopping the public from using the single-use masks.
C. By encouraging the use of reusable masks and increasing fines.
D. By cutting the straps of the masks and reusing them properly.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了曾经帮助拯救生命的口罩，现在被证明对野生动物是致命的危险，鸟类和海洋生物被困在数量惊人的丢弃的面部覆盖物中。文章列举了一些口罩对野生动物造成威胁的例子和对此问题的解决措施。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“the thin protective materials can take hundreds of years to(这种薄薄的保护材料可能需要几百年的时间)”以及后文“Face masks aren’t going away any time soon(口罩不会很快消失)”可知，口罩短期内不会消失，说明这种薄薄的保护材料可能需要几百年才能分解。故划线词意思是“分解”。故选A。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Masks and gloves are “particularly problematic” for sea creatures, says George Leonard, chief scientist from NGO Ocean Conservancy. “When those plastics break down in the environment, they then enter the food chain and impact the entire ecosystems,” he added.(非政府组织海洋保护协会的首席科学家George Leonard说，口罩和手套对海洋生物来说“尤其成问题”。他补充说：“当这些塑料在环境中分解时，它们就会进入食物链，并影响整个生态系统。”)”可知，George Leonard认为到处乱扔的口罩最终对人体有害。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Conservationists in Brazil found one mask inside the stomach of a penguin after its body was washed up on a beach, while a dead pufferfish was discovered caught inside another of the coast of Miami. French campaigners found a dead crab trapped in a mask near the Mediterranean. (巴西的环保人士在一只企鹅的尸体被冲上海滩后，在它的胃里发现了一个口罩，而迈阿密的另一个海岸上发现了一条被卡在另一口罩里的河豚的尸体。法国活动人士在地中海附近发现了一只被困在口罩中的死螃蟹。)”可推知，第四段是通过举例子来展开的。故选B。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Oceans Asia has also called on governments to increase fines for littering and encourage the use of washable masks.(海洋亚洲组织还呼吁各国政府提高对乱丢垃圾的罚款，并鼓励人们使用可清洗的口罩)”可知，通过鼓励使用可重复使用的口罩和增加罚款可以解决口罩问题。故选C。
D
Scientists have found that eating dark chocolate appears to lower the risk of depression by fourfold. While 7.6 percent of the 13,000 people surveyed reported depressive symptoms, just 1.5 percent of the chocolate eaters did. The study also found that the people who consumed the most of any chocolate were also 57 percent less likely to report depressive symptoms.
The study is the first to examine the association with depression according to the type of chocolate consumed. The team assessed data from 13,626 adults from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
A range of other factors including height weight, marital status, education, household income, physical activity, smoking and chronic(慢性的) health problems were also taken into account to ensure the study only measured chocolate’s effect on depressive symptoms.
Then it was found that individuals who reported eating any dark chocolate in two 24-hour periods had 70 percent lower odds of reporting clinically relevant depressive symptoms in the previous two weeks than those who reported not eating chocolate at all.
Chocolate contains a number of psychoactive ingredients(精神活性成分) which produce a feeling of euphoria(狂喜) similar to that of cannabinoid(大麻素) .It also contains phenylethylamine(苯乙胺), which is believed to be important for regulating people’s moods.
However, British scientists urged caution about the findings, suggesting that the decision to eat dark chocolate could be linked to other health factors. For example, people who choose dark chocolate maybe more health-conscious in general, which is known to protect against depression.
Depressed people are also more likely to crave more sugary fatty foods and so could be less likely to pick a dark alternative when choosing chocolate.
12. What is the aim of the study?
A. To find a cure for depression.
B. To find out the cause of depression.
C. To research on the ingredients of chocolate.
D. To study the association between depression and chocolate.
13. What is phenylethylamine?
A. Something that can make people excited.
B. Something that can adjust people’s moods.
C. Something that can make people depressed.
D. Something that can make people overweight.
14. What is British scientists’ attitude toward the findings?
A. Supportive. B. Negative.
C. Doubtful. D. Cautious.
15. What are depressed people more likely to do?
A. Eat sugary fatty foods. B. Have dark chocolate.
C. Exercise outdoors. D. Be concerned about health.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了巧克力可能会降低患抑郁症的风险。吃巧克力的人比不吃巧克力的人出现抑郁症状的可能性要低。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“The study is the first to examine the association with depression according to the type of chocolate consumed.”（这项研究是第一次根据巧克力的消费类型来研究与抑郁症的关系）可知，其目的是研究抑郁和食用巧克力之间的关系。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段的最后一句“which is believed to be important for regulating people's moods”（这被认为对调节人们的情绪很重要）可知，苯基乙胺是调节人们情绪的东西。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段的第一句“However British scientists urged caution about the findings, suggesting that the decision to eat dark chocolate could be linked to other health factors.”（然而，英国科学家敦促人们谨慎对待这一发现，认为吃黑巧克力的决定可能与其他健康因素有关。）可知，英国科学家对研究的发现持谨慎的态度。A.Supportive.支持的；B.Negative.消极的；C.Doubtful.怀疑的；D.Cautious谨慎的。故选D。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Depressed people are also more likely to crave more sugary fatty foods and so could be less likely to pick a dark alternative when choosing chocolate.”（抑郁的人也更可能渴望更多含糖高脂肪的食物，因此在选择巧克力时不太可能选择深色的替代品。）可知，抑郁的人也更有可能想吃更多的高糖高脂食物。故选A。
第二节七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
People-pleasers want everyone around them to be happy and they will do whatever is asked of them to keep it that way. ____16____. For some, saying “yes” is a habit; for others, it’s almost an addiction that makes them feel like they need to be needed. This makes them feel important and like they’re contributing to someone else’s life.
___17___. Not only does it put a lot of pressure and stress on you, but essentially you can make yourself sick from doing too much. In the worst case, you’ll wake up and find yourself depressed, because you’re on such overload because you possibly can’t do it all.
Here’s a list of strategies to help you stop being a people-pleaser and finally say “no”.
Think about it.
Whenever someone asks you for a favor, it’s perfectly OK to say that you’ll need time to consider. _____18_____. It is also important to ask the person for details about the commitment. Ask yourself: Do I have the time to do this? How pressured am I going to feel? These questions are key because you need time to think of your must-do list and things you don’t want to do.
___19___.
It’s tempting (诱人的) to want to defend your decision to say “no” to someone so they understand your reasoning. But this actually backfires. As soon as you start explaining, you give the other person lots of room to come back and say, “Oh, you can do that later,” “You can adjust your schedule” or “That’s not as important as what I’m asking.”
Don’t apologize—if it’s not your fault.
People-pleasers tend to be serial apologists. Pay attention to when you’re apologizing and consider if you’re really at fault. ____20____. Usually, the answer is “no”.
A. Realize you have a choice.
B. Don’t give a list of excuses.
C. They put everyone else before themselves.
D. Say what you’re thinking and what you want.
E. People-pleasing can have serious risks in fact.
F. Ask yourself if you’re responsible for the situation.
G. This gives you the opportunity to think of you can help.
【答案】16. C 17. E 18. G 19. B 20. F
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了悦他主义者面临的危害和一些帮助你停止取悦别人，学会说“不”的策略。
【16题详解】
根据空格上句“People-pleasers want everyone around them to be happy and they will do whatever is asked of them to keep it that way. (悦他主义者希望身边的每一个人都快乐，他们会做任何要求他们做的事情，让身边的每一个人都快乐。)”可知，第一段中主要介绍了什么是悦他主义者。C项意为“他们把别人放在自己前面。”能够承接上文，悦他主义者为了让身边的每一个人都快乐，会做任何要求他们做的事情，所以他们把别人放在自己前面。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据空格上句“Not only does it put a lot of pressure and stress on you, but essentially you can make yourself sick from doing too much. (它不仅给你带来了很大的压力，而且从本质上说，你做得太多会让自己生病。)”可知，本段介绍的是悦他主义者会面临的危害。E项意为“事实上，取悦他人可能会有严重的风险。”选项能够概括段落主旨，告诉我们取悦他人可能会给我们带来的危害，下文提到的“给你带来了很大的压力”和“做得太多会让自己生病”是对危害的举例。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据空格上句“Whenever someone asks you for a favor, it’s perfectly OK to say that you’ll need time to consider. (每当有人请你帮忙时，说你需要时间考虑是完全可以的。)”可知，本段告诉我们当有人请你帮忙时，你可以说你需要时间考虑。G项意为“这让你有机会考虑你能帮上忙。”选项内容能够承接上文，当有人请你帮忙时，你可以说你需要时间考虑，这样你就有机会考虑自己是否能帮忙，能提供什么样的帮助等。故选G。
【19题详解】
根据空格后句“It’s tempting (诱人的) to want to defend your decision to say “no” to someone so they understand your reasoning. But this actually backfires. (想要为你对某人说“不”的决定辩护，这样他们就能理解你的观点，这种想法是很诱人的。但这实际上适得其反。)”可知，本段告诉我们如果我们为自己对别人请求的拒绝找借口，以为这样就会得到对方的理解，但实际上适得其反。B项意为“不要列举借口。”选项内容能够概括段落主旨，告诉我们不要为自己的拒绝找借口。故选B。
【20题详解】
根据段落主旨句“Don’t apologize—if it’s not your fault. (如果不是你的错，不要道歉。)”可知，本段告诉我们如果不是你的错，不要道歉。根据空格上句“Pay attention to when you’re apologizing and consider if you’re really at fault. (当你道歉的时候要注意，并考虑你是否真的有错。)”可知，道歉之前我们要考虑清楚自己是否真的有错。F项意为“问问自己你是否应该对这种情况负责。”选项内容能够承接上文，道歉之前我们要问问自己是否有错，是否应该对这种情况负责，且能引起下文“Usually, the answer is “no”. (通常，答案是“不”。)”下文中的“no”正是对上文问题的回答。故选F。
第三部分完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
If you’re feeling that life just can’t be any worse for you it can be challenging to think positive thoughts. When you’re stressed, depressed, ____21____, or in a negative state of mind because you feel “bad things” ____22____ happening to you, it’s important to change those ____23____thoughts to something positive. If not, you’ll only attract more “bad things”.
It’s often very hard to think positive when so many things are negative, but be ____24____that someone, somewhere is worse off than you. You can choose to think ____25____by beginning with the smallest of steps.
If you start one small, positive thing and ____26____it during the course of your day, you’ll begin to move into a more positive ____27____: positive thoughts, feelings and opportunities. With practice, you will find that over time, you will change your outlook and choose to be ____28____, regardless of the events around you.
Here are some examples for you to ____29____. Begin and end each day with a “Thank you for this wonderful day!” When you see gas prices rising, say “I’m so glad to have a ____30____in which to get around.” When your boss is too hard on you, say “I am grateful for my job as I know that many don’t have one.” If you are having health problems, be ____31____for what does work: “I do appreciate it that my eyes see, my ears hear, my mouth tastes, my legs walk, and my ____32____ write.” Write down whatever you’re thankful for each day. In moments when you’re feeling really down, read aloud what you ____33____beforehand. This will certainly help uplift your spirits. If you practice this ____34____, you will find your list getting longer and longer.
The____35____to making it a moment of joyful peace is to move yourself into a positive thought and keep it there long enough. The more you practice, the happier you’ll be.
21. A. upset B. serious C. terrible D. curious
22. A. avoid B. keep C. prevent D. try
23. A. relative B. positive C. negative D. sensitive
24. A. disappointed B. anxious C. interested D. sure
25. A. stubbornly B. differently C. carelessly D. actively
26. A. sing B. speak C. catch D. repeat
27. A. situation B. attention C. ambition D. conclusion
28. A. depressed B. peaceful C. happy D. confused
29. A. announce B. make C. follow D. learn
30. A. wheelchair B. car C. ship D. jetplane
31. A. beautiful B. grateful C. merciful D. wonderful
32. A. arms B. legs C. hands D. shoulders
33. A. recorded B. talked C. heard D. noticed
34. A. rapidly B. occasionally C. slightly D. regularly
35. A. design B. key C. project D. chance
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何将消极的想法变得积极。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当你感到压力、沮丧、心烦意乱，或者因为你觉得“坏事”总是发生在你身上而处于消极的精神状态时，把那些消极的想法转变为积极的东西是很重要的。A. upset心烦意乱的；B. serious严肃的；C. terrible可怕的；D. curious好奇的。根据句中“stressed, depressed”和“in a negative state of mind”可知，句中描述的是一种消极的情绪，形容词upset“心烦意乱的”符合语境。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你感到压力、沮丧、心烦意乱，或者因为你觉得“坏事”总是发生在你身上而处于消极的精神状态时，把那些消极的想法转变为积极的东西是很重要的。A. avoid避免；B. keep保持；C. prevent阻止；D. try尝试。上文“When you’re stressed, depressed, ____1____, or in a negative state of mind”描述了一些消极的情绪，结合句中“because you feel “bad things” ____2____happening to you”可推，产生这些消极情绪的原因是“坏事”总是发生在自己身上。keep doing“一直做某事”。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当你感到压力、沮丧、心烦意乱，或者因为你觉得“坏事”总是发生在你身上而处于消极的精神状态时，把那些消极的想法转变为积极的东西是很重要的。A. relative相对的；B. positive积极的；C. negative消极的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据上文“stressed, depressed”和“in a negative state of mind”可知，那些是消极的想法。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当很多事情都是消极的时候，想要积极的事情通常是很难的，但是肯定在某个地方有人比你过得更糟。A. disappointed失望的；B. anxious担心的；C. interested感兴趣的；D. sure确定的。根据下文“someone, somewhere is worse off than you”可知，在某个地方肯定有人比你过得更糟。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：你可以选择从最小的步骤开始，以不同的方式思考。A. stubbornly固执地；B. differently不同地；C. carelessly粗心地；D. actively积极地。根据上文“think positive when so many things are negative”可知，此处表示“以不同的方式思考”。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你从一件积极的小事情开始，并在一天中不断重复它，你将开始进入一个更积极的状态：积极的思想、感受和机会。A. sing唱；B. speak说；C. catch抓住；D. repeat重复。根据下文“With practice”可知，此处表示“在一天中不断重复积极的小事”。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你从一件积极的小事情开始，并在一天中不断重复它，你将开始进入一个更积极的状态：积极的思想、感受和机会。A. situation情况；B. attention注意力；C. ambition野心；D. conclusion结论。根据下文“positive thoughts, feelings and opportunities”可知，此处表示“你将开始进入一个更积极的状态：积极的思想、感受和机会”。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过练习，你会发现，随着时间的推移，你会改变你的观点，选择快乐，不管你周围的事情是如何的。A. depressed沮丧的；B. peaceful平静的；C. happy高兴的；D. confused困惑的。根据上文“you’ll begin to move into a more positive ____7____: positive thoughts, feelings”可知，随着时间的推移，你会变得积极，会选择快乐。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这里有一些例子供你参考。A. announce宣布；B. make制作；C. follow遵循；D. learn学习。根据上文“Here are some examples for you”可知，这里有一些例子供你参考，空格处意为“遵循”。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很高兴有一辆车可以到处走。A. wheelchair轮椅；B. car汽车；C. ship船；D. jetplane飞机。根据上文“gas prices”和下文“in which to get around”可推知，此处说的是汽车。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你有健康问题，对那些还有用的身体部分心存感激。A. beautiful漂亮的；B. grateful感激的；C. merciful仁慈的；D. wonderful美妙的。根据下文“I do appreciate it that my eyes see, my ears hear, my mouth tastes, my legs walk”可知，要对还健康的身体部分心存感激。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很感激我的眼睛能看，我的耳朵能听，我的嘴能尝，我的腿能走，我的手还能写字。A. arms胳膊；B. legs腿；C. hands手；D. shoulders肩膀。根据下文“write”可知，写字要用手。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你情绪低落的时候，大声朗读你之前记录下的内容。A. recorded记录；B. talked谈话；C. heard听说；D. noticed注意到。根据上文“read aloud”可知，此处表示“大声朗读你之前记录下的内容”。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果你经常这样做，你会发现你的清单变得越来越长。A. rapidly快速地；B. occasionally偶尔；C. slightly稍微；D. regularly经常地。根据下文“you will find your list getting longer and longer”可知，如果你经常这样做，清单会变得越来越长。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：让它成为快乐平和时刻的关键是让自己进入积极的思想，并保持足够长的时间。A. design设计；B. key关键；C. project项目；D. chance机会。根据下文“to move yourself into a positive thought and keep it there long enough”可知，作者是讲成为快乐平和时刻的关键。故选B。
第四部分语言应用(共20分)
第一节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sun Zhen chu, an 86-year-old man in 2022, who go this driver’s license in about a year, has surprised and inspired netizens in China not only because of his age.
The motivation behind Sun Zhen chu’s____36____(take) the driving tests is to care for his wife. Sun’s wife didn’t go out much after____37____operation. After the policy that people over 70 can apply ____38____a driver’s license was issued, Sun ____39____(immediate) became an elderly trainee at a local driver training school in Zhejiang Province and managed ____40____(pass) the four exams, receiving perfect scores on two of them. After getting his license in March, Sun bought an electric vehicle to take his wife shopping for groceries, to the hospital or sightseeing along the Qian tang River.
____41____astonished people most was Sun’s career—he was a specialist in nuclear weapons and made great____42____(contribute) to the nation. After graduation in 1964, Sun____43____(select) as one of the researchers to participate in China’s first atomic bomb test. After the successful test, he went to Beijing,____44____he continued to conduct research and testing for nuclear weapons for 32 years. He retired in 1995, but he did not stop learning new things.
In a speech he delivered at Zhejiang Gongs hang University in late June, he encouraged graduates to keep learning to standout in a _____45_____(compete) and challenging society.
【答案】36. taking
37. an 38. for
39. immediately
40. to pass
41. What 42. contributions
43. was selected
44. where 45. competitive
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国核武器专家孙振锄在八十多岁时拿到了驾照，他鼓励大学生们一直学习，立足社会。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：孙振锄参加驾照考试的动机是为了照顾他的妻子。所有格Sun Zhen chu’s后用动名词形式构成动名词复合结构，作宾语。故填taking。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：孙振锄的妻子在一次手术后很少外出。修饰名词operation，表示泛指，用不定冠词；operation发音为元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。
【38题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：70岁以上的人可以申请驾照的政策出台后，孙振锄立即成为浙江省当地一所驾驶培训学校的老年学员，并设法通过了四门考试，其中两门考试取得了满分。固定搭配：apply for，意为“申请得到……”。故填for。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：70岁以上的人可以申请驾照的政策出台后，孙振锄立即成为浙江省当地一所驾驶培训学校的老年学员，并设法通过了四门考试，其中两门考试取得了满分。修饰动词became用副词形式。故填immediately。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：70岁以上的人可以申请驾照的政策出台后，孙振锄立即成为浙江省当地一所驾驶培训学校的老年学员，并成功地通过了四门考试，其中两门考试取得了满分。manage to do sth.成功地做某事。动词不定式词担当manage的宾语。故填to pass。
【41题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：最让人吃惊的是孙振锄的职业生涯——他是核武器专家，为国家做出了巨大贡献。这里为主语从句的连接词，主语从句缺少主语，表示物，用what；出现在句首，首字母大写，故填What。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：最让人吃惊的是孙振锄的职业生涯——他是核武器专家，为国家做出了巨大贡献。根据空前的great可知，空处为名词形式；和make构成固定搭配：make great contributions to，意为“为……做出巨大贡献”。故填contributions。
【43题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：1964年毕业后，他被挑选为参加了中国第一次原子弹试验的研究人员之一。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“after graduation in 1964”可知，时态为一般过去时；主语为Sun，单数，和动词select之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was selected。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：试验成功后，他去了北京，在那里他继续进行了32年的核武器研究和试验。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为Beijing，在定语从句中担当地点状语，用关系副词where引导。故填where。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：今年6月底，他在浙江航空大学发表演讲，鼓励毕业生们继续学习，在竞争激烈、充满挑战的社会中脱颖而出。根据and后的challenging可判断，空处为形容词，修饰名词society。故填competitive。
第二节.翻译句子(每题1分，满分5分)
46. 这个岛是许多鸟类和海豹的家园。(be home to)(汉译英)
【答案】It is home to many species of birds and seals.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。主语为it；表示“是……的家园”短语为be home to；表示“许多鸟类和海豹”翻译为many species of birds and seals。时态为一般现在时。故翻译为It is home to many species of birds and seals.
47. 他担心的不是你的身体健康而是你的心理健康。(what引导主语从句； no...but...) (汉译英)
【答案】What he is worried about is not your physical health but your mental health.
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句和句子结构。分析可知，句子主干为主系表结构，用主语从句作主语，引导词在从句中作宾语，表示“他担心的是……”，所以用what引导，表示“担心”用固定短语be worried about，表达的是现在的情况，所以用一般现在时，注意主谓一致；表示“不是……而是……”为not…but…，“身体健康”为physical health，“心理健康”为mental health，主语从句做主语当单数看待，谓语动词用单数。故翻译为What he is worried about is not your physical health but your mental health.
48. 这个年轻人很可靠，所以你遇到困难时可以依靠他。(汉译英）
【答案】The young man is reliable so you can rely on him when you get into trouble.
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词，状语从句和短语。表示“可靠”应用形容词 reliable作表语；表示“你遇到困难时”应用when引导的时间状语从句 when you get into trouble；表示“所以”应用并列连词so；表示“可以”应用情态动词can；表示“依靠”应用rely on；表示“这个年轻人”应用the young man，放句首时首字母大写。根据句意可知，这是对客观事实的陈述，所以应用一般现在时。故翻译为The young man is reliable so you can rely on him when you get into trouble。
49. Bathed in the sunshine, we jumped and cheered with joy. (英译汉)
【答案】沐浴在阳光下，我们高兴得又跳又叫。
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。根据句子结构可知，“Bathed in the sunshine”（沐浴在阳光下）为过去分词作状语，“we”（我们）是主语，“jumped and cheered”（又跳又叫）是谓语，“with joy”（高兴地）作状语。故翻译为沐浴在阳光下，我们高兴得又跳又叫。
50. The scientist decided to find a way to help the children dominated by computer games. (英译汉)
【答案】科学家决定想办法帮助那些沉迷于电脑游戏的孩子。
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态和非谓语动词。the scientist意为“科学家”，是主语；decided意为“决定”，decide to do为固定用法，是谓语动词；to find a way意为“找到一个方法”，动词不定式短语作宾语；to help the children意为“帮助那些孩子”，动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词way；dominated by意为“被……支配”，过去分词作后置定语，修饰名词children；computer games意为“电脑游戏”。故翻译成：科学家决定想办法帮助那些沉迷于电脑游戏孩子。
第五部分写作(满分35分)
第一节：应用文写作(15分)
51. 书面表达。
假定你是李华，是某校的高二学生。你发现有些同学每次遇到重要考试，都会出现一些焦虑症状。请你用英语写一封信，向某学生英文报编辑反映该问题并提出建议。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear editor,
I’m a Senior Two student in a high school. I’m writing to tell you about some symptoms of anxiety among us students before exams. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear editor,
I’m a Senior Two student in a high school. I am writing to tell you about some symptoms of anxiety among us students before exams. Some students feel nervous whenever we’re taking an important exam. Some will suffer from lack of sleep, and some will lose their appetite. All these symptoms have terrible effects on our exams.
In order to get rid of them, first, we should have a right attitude towards exams. Second, making careful plans for every exam is helpful. What’s more, we should not stay up too late during the period of exams, because enough sleep can make us energetic. Finally, we can also try a warm bath or a cup of warm milk before going to bed, helping us to have a sound sleep.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，是某校的高二学生。你发现有些同学每次遇到重要考试，都会出现一些焦虑症状。请你用英语写一封信，向某学生英文报编辑反映该问题并提出建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
紧张：nervous→anxious
影响：effect→influence/impact
此外：what’s more→besides
为了：in order to→so as to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In order to get rid of them, first, we should have a right attitude towards exams.
拓展句：First, we should have a right attitude towards exams so that we can get rid of them.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Finally, we can also try a warm bath or a cup of warm milk before going to bed, helping us to have a sound sleep. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] In order to get rid of them, first, we should have a right attitude towards exams. (运用了不定式作目的状语)
第二节读后续写(满分20分)
52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文.
I was walking down the muddy road one day when my cell phone rang. A child's voice on the other end spoke to me softly, "Dad, please come hack soon. I miss you so much!” Unconsciously, I knew it was a wrong number once again. I don’t have a single daughter. I just have a six-year-old son. It is not unusual to receive this kind of calls nowadays, so I replied rudely, "You've dialed the wrong number!” and then hung up in anger.
During the following days, I got the same call now and then. It disturbed me, so I either rejected her or hung up right away rudely. I couldn’t help complaining about this, “What an impolite girl! How can she call me up over and over again?” How 1 wished the little girl would stop causing any trouble to me some day! Suddenly, the phone rang up again. It was from the same girl- It seemed that she would not give up until she got an answer.
She constantly called me up. Even if I did not give her an answer, she still dialed my number from time to time. Eventually I unwillingly answered the phone. 1 heard the weak voice of that little girl, “Dad, please come back now. I miss you so much! Mom told me this was not a wrong number. It is your cell phone number, right? Dad, I am in so much pain! Mom said you were too busy to take care of me. She is tired out from looking after me. Dad, I know you are busy. If you cannot come home, please kiss me again in the phone, OK?” The innocent request was difficult to reject. I made a loud kiss into the phone and heard a weak voice saying, “Thank you.... Dad, I am so... happy, so …happy
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右：
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Shortly after this, I became interested in who had been on the other end of my phone.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I couldn’t wait to ask the woman how her daughter was.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】(One possible version)
Shortly after this, I became interested in who had been on the other end of my phone. When I called the number back, a woman answered, “Sorry, sir. I am really sorry to bother you. I did want to call to apologize.” From the woman, I learnt that the girl had bone cancer when she was born, and unfortunately her father died in an accident weeks ago. The little girl suffered from unbearable treatment every day. Feeling painful, she would cry for her dad who had always encouraged her, so her mother gave her a random number.
I couldn’t wait to ask the woman how her daughter was. The woman thought for a while, saying sadly, “She has gone. You must have kissed her on the phone, and she went with a smile as she tightly held the cell phone with which she could hear her voice...” On hearing this, I couldn’t keep back my sad feeling, tears streaming down my cheeks. I didn’t know what to say, so I slowly hang up my phone, praying for her happiness and health in heaven.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知，作者无意中接到一个女孩找爸爸的错误来电并粗鲁挂断之后，女孩依旧不时地拨打作者的号码，即使并未得到答复。在意识到女孩不会轻易放弃后，作者最终接了女孩的电话。感动于女孩对爸爸的想念，作者应其请求，在电话中给了她一个吻，女孩也因为这个吻而感到格外的开心。
【详解】续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：在这之后不久，我对电话的另一端是谁产生了兴趣……，所以接下来应该写作者回拨电话以及女孩妈妈对作者的回复内容。特别要详细描述女孩之所以不停打电话找爸爸的具体原因。第二段开头是：我迫不及待地想问那个女人她女儿怎么样了……。本段应该写女孩现在的情况以及作者得知实情后的表现。
续写时需要注意：（1）对原文要点的理解和呈现情况；（2）应用语法结构和词汇的准确性；（3）上下文的连贯性；（4）所续写短文的词数应为150左右。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：suffered from，apologize，encourage，think for a while，stream down，pray for等高级词汇；限制性定语从句“she tightly held the cell phone with which she could hear her voice...”，“I didn’t know what to say, so I slowly hang up my phone, praying for her happiness and health in heaven.”中非谓语灵活使用以及“I couldn’t keep back my sad feeling, tears streaming down my cheeks.”中独立主格的熟练运用。