高考英语真题分项汇编(全国通用)五年(2019-2023)专题08 并列句和状语从句
展开五年(2019-2023)年高考英语真题分项汇编
专题08 并列句和状语从句(解析版)
第一组:并列句
〖2023年高考真题题组〗
1.(2023新高考I卷)To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), 38 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
答案:or。
解析:考查连词。句意:吃小笼包的时候,你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁,还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里,让热汤在舌头上爆炸。whether...or... “是……还是……”,固定搭配,根据句意,故填or。
2.(2023新高考II卷)It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop 44 to see the pandas settle into their new home.
答案:and。
解析:考查连词。句意:我很荣幸能看到熊猫项目的发展,看到熊猫们在新家安顿下来。分析句子结构可知,“to watch the panda programme develop”和“to see the pandas settle into their new home”两者是并列关系,应该用and连接。故填and。
3.(2023全国甲卷)Miss Zhao told us the names of the insects or described their living habits.
答案:or改为and。
解析:考查连词。句意:赵老师给我们讲了昆虫的名字,并描述了它们的生活习性。此处前后文为并列关系,应用连词and。故or改为and。
4.(2023全国乙卷)It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, 65 somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.
答案:but。
解析:考查连词。句意:但不知何故,这两个截然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。空前“It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work,”和空后“somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.”之间存在转折关系,用but。故填but。
5.(2023全国乙卷)She put the new color on her hair or sat still for 30 minutes, just as the directions saying.
答案:or改为and。
解析:考查连词。句意:她把头发染成新的颜色,静静地坐了30分钟,就像说明书上说的那样。此处是并列顺承关系,不存在选择关系。故or改为and。
6.(2023浙江1月卷)During China’s dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing arranged the residential areas according to social classes.
答案:and。
解析:考查连词。句意:在中国的朝代时期,皇帝规划北京城并根据社会阶层安排居住区。分析句子结构可知,planned和arranged是并列的谓语动词,表示并列关系应用连词and连接。故填and。
〖2022年高考真题题组〗
1.(2022新高考I卷)After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, __________ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”.
答案:and
解析:考查连词。句意:GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性,保护生物多样性,保护生态缓冲区,为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处前后为并列关系,应用and。故填and。
2.(2022新高考II卷)He hung on for a few minutes ___________ screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him.
答案:and
解析:考查并列连词。句意:他坚持了几分钟,尖叫喊着他的父亲,但他的父亲没有听到他。根据句子结构,设空处应该填写连词,连接hung和screamed两个动作。根据句意,此处表示并列关系。故填and。
3.(2022全国乙卷)The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation ____________ cultural exchanges.
答案:and
解析:考查连词。句意:仪式上发布的“首个国际茶日万里茶道合作倡议”呼吁茶业人士团结起来,促进国际合作和文化交流。名词international cooperation和cultural exchanges为并列成分,作动词promote的宾语。故填and。
4.(2022全国甲卷)One day, he talked with me or hoped to mend our relations.
9. or改为and。考查并列连词。句意:一天,他和我交谈,并且希望修补我们的关系。根据语境,“talked with me”与“hoped to mend our relations”为顺承、递进关系,用and连接。故将or改为and。
5. (2022天津卷) ________ we achieve great success in our work, we should not be too proud.
A. Ever since B. Even if C. In case D. As though
答案:B
解析:考查状语从句。句意:即使在工作中取得巨大成功,我们也不应该骄傲。A. Ever since自从;B. Even if即使,尽管;C. In case以免;D. As though好像。分析句子结构可知,此处为连词引导状语从句,结合句意可知,两个句子之间为让步关系,even if意为“即使,尽管”符合语境。故选B项。
6. (2022天津卷) ________ gardening may be hard physical work, those who love it find it very relaxing mentally.
A. Although B. Once C. Since D. Unless
答案:A
解析:考查让步状语从句。句意:虽然园艺有可能是艰难的体力工作,但是对于那些热爱园艺的人来讲,它却是脑力上的放松。A. Although尽管;B. Once一……就……;C. Since自从;D. Unless除非。由语意可知,“园艺是项艰难的体力工作”与“对于热爱园艺的人而言,园艺工作是脑力上的放松”之间是让步关系,所以此处应用连词although表让步。故选A项。
〖2021年高考真题题组〗
1.(2021全国I卷)Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure ___________offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching legs.
答案:and
解析:考查并列连词。句意为:虽然这是你上山途中唯一不自然的事情,但它仍然突出了整个冒险,并提供了一个地方,你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的腿。前后是并列关系,所以用and连接,故填and.
2.(2021全国II卷)I found the contact information of the company________ emailed its president.
答案:and
解析:考查连词。句意:我找到了这家公司的联系方式,并给公司总裁发了电子邮件。“found”和“emailed”之间是并列关系,用and连接两个并列的谓语动词,所以填and。
3.(2021全国甲卷)My bike was old and shaky ______ did the job.
答案:but
解析:考查连词。句意:我的自行车又旧又摇摇晃晃,但还可以骑。后文did the job和前文My bike was old and shaky之间存在转折关系,故用表示转折的连词but连接。故填but。
4.(2021年浙江卷)Although Mary loved flowers, __________ she nor her husband was known as a gardener.
答案:neither
解析:考查并列连词。句意:虽然玛丽喜欢花,但她和她的丈夫都不是有名的园丁。根据句意可知,此处考查连词结构“neither…nor…”,意为“既不……也不……”。故填neither。
5.(2021年浙江卷1月)In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier ___ ___ that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.
答案:and
解析:考查连词。句意:在一项对200个国家33年体重指数趋势的研究中,科学家们发现,世界各地的人们体重越来越重,而这主要是由于农村地区体重指数的增加。分析句子结构可知,that people worldwide are getting heavier和that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.都是found引导的宾语从句,是并列关系,故填and。
6.(2021全国乙卷)I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whenever necessary.
答案:tidying改为tidy。
解析:考查动词。句意:我也给院子里的花浇水,必要时打扫我自己的卧室。分析句子结构以及并列连词and可知,此处tidy up是并列谓语。根据上文的“water the flowers”可知,句子要使用一般现在时。主语第一人称I,谓语动词用原型。故将tidying改为tidy。
〖2020年高考真题题组〗
1.(2020年浙江卷1月)It's also that they are on average healthier___65___more productive for longer.
答案:and
解析:考查连词。句意:而且,平均而言,他们更健康,更长寿。结合上下文语境可知此处连接上下文两个并列短语应用连词and,故填and。
2.(2020全国I卷)First I cut the tomatoes into pieces but put them aside.
答案:but改为and。
解析:句意:首先我把西红柿切成块,并把它们放在一边。I cut the tomatoes into pieces与put them aside之间是并列关系,应使用and连接,故将but改为and。
3.(2020全国II卷)Actually, I started to learn kung fu when I was seven years old, for I have long been out of practice.
答案:but / yet。
解析:此处前句提到“我7岁开始学功夫”,后句提到“很久没有练习了”。此处前后应是转折关系。故将for改为but / yet。
4.(2020全国II卷)In order to make sure all of us are in good health, and she makes specific plans for us.
答案:去掉and。
解析:这是一个简单句,前面in order to…作目的状语,不用连词and,所以去掉and。
〖2019年高考真题题组〗
1.(2019全国II卷)Irene said," I don't see any reason to give up work. I work not because I have to, _________because I want to.”
答案:but
解析:考查并列连词。根据句意逻辑可知,此处为转折关系,句意:我工作不是因为我不得不做,而是因为我想做。此处用but与前文not 呼应,构成“不是…而是 …”之意,故填but。
2.(2017年北京)—Peter, please send us postcards ______ we’ll know where you have visited.
—No problem.
A. but B. or C. for D. so
答案:D
解析:A. but 但是 B. or 或者 C. for 因为 D. so因此 句意: Peter,请给我们寄明信片,因此我们就会知道你们去哪游览过,根据语境可知前后句之间是因果关系,故用so,选D。
3.(2016全国III卷)In much of Asia,especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China,Japan,Korea,__________Vietnam,food is usually eaten with chopsticks.
答案:and
解析:考查并列连词。这里列举了一些亚洲国家的名字,是并列关系,故在最后两个名词之间用and来连接。
4.(2014全国I卷)But the river wasn’t changed in a few days ________even a few months.
答案:or
解析:考查并列连词。从语境可知这条河流的改变不是几天或者几个月的事情。本句中的or"或者"表示选择的意思。故填or。
5.(2014全国II卷)There were many people waiting at the bus stop, __________some of them looked very anxious and disappointed .
答案:and
解析:考查并列连词。and连接两个句子,表示顺承关系。很明显,两句之间需连词相连接,通过前后句意关系,many people waiting和looked very anxious判断,属并列关系。
第二组:状语从句
〖2022年高考真题题组〗
1. (2022全国甲卷)The disagreement was too sharp that neither he nor I knew how to settle it.
答案:too改为so。
解析:考查状语从句。句意:这分歧如此尖锐,以至于他和我都不知道如何解决它。固定句型“so…that…”译为“如此……以至于……”引导结果状语从句。故将too改为so。
2. (2022全国乙卷)Whether you ride a bicycle, you don’t use petrol.
答案:Whether改为If或改为When。
解析:考查状语从句连接词。句意:当你骑自行车的时候你是不用汽油的。由句意可知,该句阐述的是一个事实,需用if或when引导;位于句首,注意首字母大写。故将Whether改为If或改为When。
〖2021年高考真题题组〗
1.(2021年天津卷)We all need to get involved in saving energy ________ it's at work, at home, or at school.
A.unless B.once C.whether D.because
答案:C
解析:考查状语从句连接词词义辨析。句意:无论是在工作中,在家里,还是在学校,我们都需要参与到节约能源的活动中来。A.unless除非;B.once 一旦;C.whether无论;是否;D.because 因为。分析句子,该空需要一个连词引导让步状语从句,根据句意及后面的or ,需要表示“无论是…还是…”,whether符合题意。故选C项。
2.(2021年天津卷) Feeling fearful is healthy ________ it helps you slow down and evaluate risks properly.
A. because B. until C. before D. although
答案:A
解析:考查连词词义辨析。句意:感到恐惧是有益于健康的,因为它能帮助你慢下来,正确评估风险。A. because因为;B. until直到;C. before在……之前;D. although虽然。根据语境,主句提到healthy(有益于健康的),连词引导的从句部分则在具体描述为何说是有益于健康的,这是一个原因状语从句,适用because(因为)引导,故选A。
3.(2021全国甲卷)In my opinion, where in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust mostly.
答案:where改为when/whenever。
解析:句意:在我看来,当我们有麻烦时(无论什么时候我们有麻烦时),我们应该从我们最相信的人们那里寻求帮助。分析可知,本句为含有状语从句的复合句。主句为we should seek help...,从句表示的含义为无论什么时候我们有麻烦或者当我们有麻烦时,所以应用when/whenever引导。故where改为when/whenever。
〖2020年高考真题题组〗
1.(2020全国III卷)__________ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.
答案:as/ when
解析:考查连接词。句意:当他问河岸上的村民,他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时,他们笑着指着河的下游。本句为时间状语从句,表示“当……时候”,且从句中动词asked为短暂性动作动词,不能用while引导,故应用when或as引导。句首单词首字母要大写。故填When/As。
2.(2020年江苏卷)They decide to have more workers for the project ____________ it won’t be delayed.
A. even if B. as if
C. now that D. so that
答案:D
解析:考查连词辨析。句意:他们决定为这项工程增加工人,以免耽搁。A. even if即使;B. as if好像;C. now that既然;D. so that为了。空后it won’t be delayed是前面采取措施的目的,应使用so that引导目的状语从句。故选D。
3.(2020全国I卷)After that I poured oil into a pan and turned off the stove. I waited patiently unless the oil was hot.
答案:until/till。
解析:考查连词词义辨析。句意:我耐心等待,直到油烧热。此处是指“直到”油烧热,应使用until/till引导时间状语从句,故将unless改为until/till。
4.(2019年江苏卷)The doctor shares his phone number with the patients __________ they need medical assistance.
A. if only B. as if
C. even though D. in case
答案:D
解析:考查状语从句的连词。句意:医生给了病人他的手机号码,以防病人需要医疗援助。A. if only要是…多好;B. as if好像,仿佛;C. even though即使,尽管;D. in case以备,以防,免得。故选D。
5.(2019·天津卷)Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion _________ he wants their support.
A. since B. once
C. unless D. after
答案:C
解析:考查连词辨析。句意:汤姆是如此独立,以至于他从来不征求父母的意见,除非他想得到他们的支持。since因为;once一旦;unless除非;after在……之后,根据题意,故选C。
6.(2019全国III卷)On our way to the house, it was raining _______ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there.
答案:so
解析:考查结果状语从句。句意:在我们去那座房子的路上,雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。“so…that…”意为“如此…以至于…”,引导结果状语从句。故填so。
7.(2019全国I卷)One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.
答案:where改为when。
解析:考查定语从句。先行词one afternoon表示时间在定语从句中作状语,所以关系词使用when。故将where改为when。
8.(2019全国I卷)Suddenly a football fell just in front of me but almost hit me.
答案:but改为and。
解析:考查连词。句意:突然一个足球落在我前边并且差点打到我。“足球落下来”与“打到我”两个动作是顺承关系,不是转折关系。故将but改为and。
9.(2019全国I卷)When I studied chemistry high school, I reconsidered my goal or decided to be a doctor.
答案:or改为and。
解析:考查连词。句意:在高中学化学的时候,我重新考虑了自己的目标并决定变成一名医生。“重新考虑”与“决定变成一名医生”之间是顺承关系,不是选择关系。故将or改为and。
10.(2018年北京)_________ we don’t stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.
A. Although B. While
C. If D. Until
答案:C
解析:考查状语从句。句意:如果我们不阻止气候变化,那么世界上的很多动植物都将会消失。动植物不灭绝的前提条件是阻止气候变化。although尽管;while当……时候,尽管,然而;if如果;until直到。故C选项正确。
11.(2018年江苏)_______ you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.
A. Once B. Unless C. If D. When
答案:B
解析:考查连词词义辨析及语境理解。句意:除非你睡得好,否则一两个晚上之后,你会失去专注、计划和保持动力的能力。A. Once一旦;B. Unless除非;C. If如果;D. When当……时候。故选B。
12.(2018年天津) Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend ___________they get sweet enough to be eaten.
A. ever since B. as if C. even though D. so that
答案:D
解析:考查连词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意:让我们这个周末再摘这些桃子,这样的话,它们吃起来就变得足够的甜。A.ever since自那时起;B.as if好像;C.even though尽管;D.so that以便。从句为目的状语从句,故用sothat引导。故选D。
13.(2018年北京)_________ we don’t stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.
A. Although B. While C. If D. Until
答案:C
解析:考查状语从句。句意:如果我们不阻止气候变化,那么世界上的很多动植物都将会消失。动植物不灭绝的前提条件是阻止气候变化。although尽管;while当……时候,尽管,然而;if如果;until直到。故C选项正确。
14.(2017年北京)If you don’t understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people _______ you figure it out.
A. because B. though C. until D. since
答案:C
解析:A. because因为;B. though尽管;C. until直到;D. since目从。如果你无法理解某个东西,你可能会去研究,学习和他人探讨直到你解决为止,根据句意可知选用until,直到,选C。
15.(2017年北京)______ birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.
A. Once B. If C. Although D. Because
答案:C
解析:A. Once 一旦;B. If 如果;C. Although尽管;D. Because 因为。句意:尽管鸟儿们用羽毛来飞翔,但是他们的一些羽毛还有其他用途。根据语境可知前后之间是让步关系,故选C。
16.(2017年 江苏)Located _______ the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.
A. why B. when C. which D. where
答案:D
解析:考查状语从句。be located in+地点名词,位于坐落某地,where引导的地点状语从句在此相当于in some place,故选D。句意:位于丝绸之路交汇处的江苏省将会对“一带一路”的建设做出更大的贡献。
17.(2016全国II卷)So, get an early start and try to be as productive ___________ possible before lunch.
答案:as
解析:考查状语从句。 "as…as possible"为固定的表达,意为:尽可能。。的干某事;故填as
18.(2016全国III卷)Over time,____________the population grew,people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.
答案:as/when
解析:考查时间状语从句。句意:随着人口的增长,人们把食物切成小块,这样可以煮得快一点。as是连词,表示"随着"的意思,引导时间状语从句,故填as。
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