Unit 6 Food and lifestyle 课时2 Reading-七年级英语上册同步精品讲义（牛津译林版）

Unit 6 Food and lifestyle
Reading
知识精讲

知识点01 important 教材P70
【用法详解】
be important for 对...... 来说是重要的 importance n. 重要
It is important for sb to do sth ：做某事对某人来说很重要
It is important to keep fit. 保持健康很重要。
【典例讲解】
—Do you have________ to tell us? —No, ________.
A.something important; nothing
B.anything important; nothing
C.important something; everything
D.important anything; everything
【答案】B
【解析】
句意：——你有什么重要的事情要告诉我们吗？——不，没有。考查不定代词。根据第一空前的“Do you have”，可知此句为一般疑问句，一般疑问句中通常用anything任何事情，形容词修饰复合不定代词需要后置；根据回答“No”，可知是没事，应填nothing。故选B。
知识点02 keep fit 教材P70
【用法详解】
keep fit = keep healthy 保持健康
He runs to keep fit. 他跑步来保持健康。
【典例讲解】
— What do we need ?
— we need more vegetables and exercise.
A. to keep health; Maybe B. to keep fit; Maybe
C. keep healthy; May D. keep fit; May
【答案】B
【解析】
句意：----我们需要什么来保持健康？----也许我们需要更多的蔬菜和锻炼。短语need sth. to do sth.：需要…来做….；短语keep fit/healthy：保持健康；结合句意可知第一个空填to keep 一起使用fit/healthy，选B。May可以，可能，情态动词，要和实意动词或系动词一起使用，共同做句子的谓语，放在句子开头一般是一般疑问句。maybe可能，副词，在句子中做状语。we need more vegetables and exercise.是陈述句，谓语动词是need，结合句意可知填副词Maybe。选B。
知识点03 be bad for 教材P70
【用法详解】
be bad for 对......有害 be good for 对......有好处
Eating too much sugar is bad for our teeth. 吃太多糖对我们的牙齿有害。
【典例讲解】
Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.(改为同义句)
It________ _________ _________ your eyes _________ _________ in bed.
【答案】is bad for to read
【解析】
句意：躺在床上看书对你的眼睛有害。此处用固定句式：it’s+形容词+to do sth“做某事是……”，动词不定式作主语，it作形式主语，故填is bad for ; to; read。
知识点04 tooth 教材P70
【用法详解】
tooth n. 牙齿 复数：teeth
We should brush our teeth twice a day. 我们应该每天刷两遍牙。
【典例讲解】
The dentist suggest that the girl should brush their ________(牙齿）before going to bed.
【答案】teeth
【解析】
句意：牙医建议这个女孩在睡觉前刷牙。“牙齿”tooth，可数名词，根据句意可知此处表示的是泛指，因此用其复数形式teeth，故填teeth。
【拓展】与tooth相关的短语
wisdom teeth 智齿 baby teeth 乳牙 brush teeth 刷牙 false teeth 假牙
知识点05 change 教材P70
【用法详解】
change v. 改变 change ... into 把......变成 change into 变成
He changes white into black. 他把白色变成了黑色。
change n. 改变；零钱，找头
Here is your change. 这是找给你的零钱。
【典例讲解】
Once Lucy determines to do something, nothing will make her ________ her mind.
A.changing B.change C.to change D.changes
【答案】B
【解析】
句意：一旦露西决定做某事，没有什么能让她改变她的想法。考查非谓语动词。change改变，make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，用省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选B。
【拓展】
change one’s mind 改变主意 make a change 做出改变
知识点06 plan 教材P70
【用法详解】
plan v. 计划，打算 plan to do sth 打算做某事
I plan to exercise every morning. 我计划每天早上锻炼。
plan n. 计划 make a plan 制作一个计划
I will make a plan for the holiday. 我将为假期做一个计划。
【典例讲解】
That sounds ________.
A.like good B.like a good plans C.likes good D.like a good plan
【答案】D
【解析】
句意：听起来是个好计划。考查动词和名词的用法。sound系动词，其后加形容词；sound like“听起来像”，后面接名词或名词短语；排除AC。a good plan“一个好计划”，故选D。
【拓展】
plan现在分词： planning 过去式：planned
能力拓展

一．用所给单词的正确形式填空
1.Eating more vegetables will keep your ______________（health).
【答案】health
【解析】
句意：多吃蔬菜将会保持健康。有形容词性物主代词your修饰，故用名词，故为health。
2.It’s important __________ (learn) how to use the right languages in different situations.
【答案】to learn
【解析】
句意：学习如何在不同情境下用恰当的语言是很重要的。根据“It’s important”和括号里的动词可知，此题考查句型it is+形容词+to do sth.，意为“做某事是……的”。故填to learn。
3.—Why does Kitty need ________ (keep) fit?
—Because she is a dancer.
【答案】to keep
【解析】
句意：——为什么Kitty需要保持健康?——因为她是一个舞者。keep“保持”，动词。根据固定句型：need to do sth“需要做某事”，故填to keep。
4.John is outgoing, but his mood ___ (change ) easily.
【答案】changes
【解析】
句意：John 很外向，但是他的心情很容易改变。根据语境可知，句子是一般现在时，主语“his mood”是第三人称单数形式，故行为动词后加s。故填changes。
5.We always make ________ (plan) to see friends in Switzerland.
【答案】plans
【解析】
句意：在瑞士，我们经常制定计划去看望朋友。plan计划，根据句意可知，用复数形式。make plans制定计划。故填plans。
6.Do you plan ________ (take) the train to Beijing?
【答案】to take
【解析】
句意：你打算坐火车去北京吗？take the train“坐火车”；plan to do sth.“打算做某事”，动词不定式作宾语。故填to take。
分层提分

题组A 基础过关练
一、根据汉语提示填空
1.The baby’s first front ___________(牙齿) are just coming through.
【答案】teeth
【解析】
句意：这个婴儿的第一排门牙刚刚长出来。tooth牙齿，可数名词，由句中系动词“are”可知，此处用其复数形式teeth，故填teeth。
2.It is ______（重要的）not to laugh at those disabled people.
【答案】important
【解析】
句意：重要的是不要嘲笑那些残疾人。It is +important+to do sth.表示“做某事是……”，故填important。
3.You should do sports every day __________ (保持健康).
【答案】to keep fit
【解析】
句意：你应该每天做运动来保持健康。由语境可知，空格处是做目的状语，应是动词不定式，其构成形式为to do。故填to keep fit。
4.Some people enjoy ________(计划) to do things before doing them.
【答案】planning
【解析】
句意：有些人喜欢在做事之前计划做事情。本句为固定词组，enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事。故填planning。
题组B 能力提升练
一．完形填空。
Oct. 16 is World Food Day. The UN started the day in 1979. It’s used to remind people not to waste food and fight 1 .
A big number of people in the world 2 don’t have enough food to eat. Food shortage is a big problem worldwide. Right now, there are more than 1,000 million hungry people in the world according to the UN. Many children go to sleep hungrily, and 15 million of them 3 hunger each year.
There are several reasons 4 there are food shortages. First, there have been more droughts and floods recently. Also, a growing population makes feeding everyone more 5 .
6 big reason is food waste. Most people don’t realize how much food they throw away every day. Sometimes we cook too much, 7 we don’t use it before it goes bad. The average person throws away 50kg of food every year. According to the UN, more than one third of all food produced worldwide goes to waste each year. That is 8 1,300,000 million kilograms of food being wasted. The amount of food wasted in Europe can 9 200 million people a year.
So think twice next time you want to throw away food. By cutting down on food waste, we could help put food on the 10 plates of some hungry children. Only order as much food as you can eat at a 11 . If you can’t eat all you order, take the rest home. Don’t be too picky about food so that you don’t leave any on your plate. Some food may not taste great, but your body needs it. Keep a(n) 12 on what food you have at home. Don’t buy too much. Don’t cook too much.
When you throw away food, you are not just wasting food 13 . Resources are also wasted while growing, transporting and cooking the food. These things all 14 energy, time and water.
As we know, President Xi strongly suggests that we shouldn’t waste food, and more importantly we 15 save food to help the people who need food.
1.A.war B.hunger C.illness D.difficulty
2.A.still B.even C.only D.quite
3.A.look for B.give away C.help with D.die of
4.A.how B.why C.which D.that
5.A.comfortable B.difficult C.convenient D.enjoyable
6.A.Other B.Others C.Another D.The other
7.A.and B.so C.or D.but
8.A.over B.below C.above D.under
9.A.feed B.change C.give D.save
10.A.full B.empty C.big D.expensive
11.A.restaurant B.school C.hospital D.home
12.A.face B.mouth C.nose D.eye
13.A.yourself B.myself C.herself D.itself
14.A.take B.make C.get D.offer
15.A.can B.may C.should D.would

【答案】
1-5 BADBB 6-10 CCAAB 11-15 ADDAC
【文章大意】
本文主要解析了食物短缺的原因，并对此提出了相应的建议。
【解析】
1.句意：它是用来提醒人们不要浪费食物和对抗饥饿。war战争；hunger饥饿；illness疾病；difficulty困难。根据“remind people not to waste food”可知，提醒人们不要浪费食物，这样才能对抗饥饿，故选B。
2.句意：世界上有很多人仍然没有足够的食物吃。still仍然；even甚至；only只有；quite相当。根据“Food shortage is a big problem worldwide.”可知，强调目前食物短缺仍然是一个问题，故选A。
3.句意：许多儿童饿着肚子睡觉，每年有1500万儿童死于饥饿。look for寻找；give away分发；help with帮助；die of死于。根据“Many children go to sleep hungrily”可知，儿童死于饥饿，故选D。
4.句意：食物短缺有几个原因。how怎样；why为什么；which哪一个；that无实际意义。此处是一个定语从句，先行词reasons在从句中作原因状语，用关系副词why引导定语从句，故选B。
5.句意：此外，不断增长的人口使养活每个人变得更加困难。comfortable舒适的；difficult困难的；convenient方便的；enjoyable愉快的。此处是列举食物短缺的原因，不断增长的人口只会让养活每个人成为更困难的事，故选B。
6.句意：另一个大原因就是食物浪费。Other其它的，后接复数名词；Others其他的人或物，后不接名词；Another另一个（三者或三者以上）；The other另一个（两者之间）。此处指食物短缺的另一个原因，不确定数量中的另一个，故选C。
7.句意：有时我们煮得太多，或者在它变坏之前我们没有使用它。and和；so因此；or或者；but但是。空格前后两句是选择关系，用or连接，故选C。
8.句意：这意味着超过130亿公斤的食物被浪费了。over超过；below在……之下；above在……之上；under在……之下。根据“1,300,000 million kilograms of food”可知，此处形容数量超过了130亿公斤，故选A。
9.句意：在欧洲，每年浪费的食物可以养活2亿人。feed喂养；change改变；give给；save节省。根据“The amount of food wasted in Europe can…200 million people a year”可知，浪费的食物可以养活2亿人口，故选A。
10.句意：通过减少食物浪费，我们可以帮助一些饥饿的孩子把食物放进空盘子里。full满的；empty空的；big大的；expensive昂贵的。前文介绍了很多孩子现在还面临饥饿的问题，所以减少食物浪费，也是填满这些孩子的空盘子，故选B。
11.句意：在餐馆只点你可以吃的食物。restaurant餐厅；school学校；hospital医院；home家。根据“order as much food”可知，在餐厅点餐，故选A。
12.句意：留意你家里的食物。face脸；mouth嘴巴；nose鼻子；eye眼睛。根据“Don’t buy too much. Don’t cook too much”可知，要多留意家里有的食物，keep an eye on sth“密切注意”，故选D。
13.句意：当你扔掉食物时，你不仅仅是在浪费食物本身。yourself你自己；myself我自己；herself她自己；itself它自己。此空作food的同位语，指物，故选D。
14.句意：这些都需要精力、时间和水。take花费；make制造；get得到；offer提供。根据“energy, time and water”可知，食物都是需要花费人力和物力，故选A。
15.句意：更重要的是，我们应该节约粮食来帮助需要粮食的人。can能；may可能；should应该；would将。根据“save food to help the people who need food”可知，此处表示一种责任和义务，应该节约粮食，故选C。

题组C 培优拔尖练
一． 阅读理解
A
Many parents today worry about their children’s diets. Then what is a healthy diet for children? Miss Jones from Happy Children Hospital gives the following advice:
◆ Children shouldn’t eat food with too much salt because it can cause high blood pressure(高血压).
◆ Children should eat food with less fat, oil and sugar. They should not eat too much junk food.
◆ Fruit and vegetables are rich in vitamins. Children need to eat fruit and vegetables often.
◆ Water is important to everyone. Children need to drink enough water every day.
◆ Children need to eat breakfast every day. It is good for their bodies and minds.
1.Probably Miss Jones is a ________.
A.teacher B.doctor C.shop assistant D.a waitress
2.What do the underlined words “junk food” mean in Chinese?
A.绿色食品 B.垃圾食品 C.天然食品 D.营养食品
3.According to Miss Jones, children should drink ________ every day.
A.enough juice B.enough water C.enough coffee D.enough milk
4.Which kind of food is rich in vitamins?
A.Water. B.Junk food. C.Sugar. D.Fruit and vegetables.
5.What is the best title of the passage?
A.Bad Habits B.Junk Food C.Advice on a Healthy Diet D.An Unhealthy Lifestyle

【答案】BBBDC
【文章大意】
本文主要关于儿童健康饮食的建议。
【解析】
1.推理判断题。根据“Miss Jones from Happy Children Hospital gives the following advice”可知，Miss Jones可能是一名医生。故选B。
2.词义猜测题。根据“Children should eat food with less fat, oil and sugar. They should not eat too much junk food.”可知，此处建议少吃这种食物，可以推断，“junk food”的意思是“垃圾食品”。故选B。
3.细节理解题。根据“Children need to drink enough water every day.”可知，儿童应该每天喝足够的水。故选B。
4.细节理解题。根据“Fruit and vegetables are rich in vitamins.”可知，蔬菜和水果含有丰富的维他命。故选D。
5.最佳标题。通读全文可知，本文主要关于儿童健康饮食的建议，选项C“健康饮食建议”是本文最佳标题。故选C。
B
Almost every Chinese person can recite(背诵) the two lines of the famous poem, “Every grain on the plate comes from hard work.” But sadly, many of us don’t get the real meaning of these lines: Don’t waste(浪费) food.
A CCTV program reported that the food Chinese people throw away every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year. Do we have too much food? Of course not. According to(根据) the UN World Food Program, there were 925 million hungry people around the world in 2015, especially (尤其) in developing(发展中的) countries. Six million children die of(死于) hunger every year.
Chinese people are well-known for being friendly and generous(慷慨的). Many even feel that they will lose face if their guests have eaten all the food on the table. Luckily, a number of people have realized (意识到) the importance of saving food. What should we do in our daily lives to waste less food?
1 Don’t order too much in a restaurant. Only order as much as you want to eat. If you can’t eat all the food you ordered, take the rest of it home.
2 Don’t leave any food in your bowls, while having meals.
3 Keep an eye on what food you have at home. Don’t buy too much, especially for vegetables and fruit.
6.What’s the real meaning of the underlined (划线的) sentence?
A.春种一粒粟，秋收万颗籽。 B.谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦。
C.吏禄三百石，岁晏有余粮。 D.足蒸暑土气，背灼炎天光。
7.According to the UN report, how many hungry people were there in 2015?
A.6 million. B.925 million. C.200 million. D.725 million.
8.What should we do to waste less food?
A.Order more food in a restaurant.
B.Every time you eat, leave some food in your bowls.
C.Take all the food you ordered home.
D.Don’t store (储存) too much food like vegetables or fruit.
9.Which of the following is NOT true?
A.A number of people have realized the importance of saving food.
B.The food Chinese people throw away a year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year
C.200 million children die of hunger every year.
D.Many Chinese feel that they lose face if guests have eaten all the food on the table.
10.What’s the main idea of this passage?
A.Don’t waste food. B.Chinese people are friendly and generous.
C.We can’t die of hunger. D.Every grain is grown by farmers.

【答案】BBDCA
【文章大意】
短文用一句诗“谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦”作为开头，引出了文章的主题——不要浪费粮食。并通过很多数字告诉我们这个世界上还有很多人在挨饿，我们不应该浪费粮食。关于如何减少粮食的浪费，文章的最后作者还给我们提出了一些建议。
【解析】
6.句意猜测题。根据“Almost every Chinese person can recite(背诵) the two lines of the famous poem, “Every grain on the plate comes from hard work.” But sadly, many of us don’t get the real meaning of these lines: Don’t waste(浪费) food.”可知，这句话的本意为“每一粒粮食都是从辛苦的工作中得来的”。且文章是用这句诗引出了主题——不要浪费粮食，所以这句话是告诉我们粮食的收获是非常辛苦的，我们应该珍惜粮食，不能浪费。对应的诗句应该是“谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦”，故选B。
7.细节理解题。根据“According to(根据) the UN World Food Program, there were 925 million hungry people around the world in 2015”可知，根据联合国世界粮食计划署的数据，在2015年有9.25亿人口挨饿。故选B。
8.细节理解题。短文的最后，作者给了我们三条建议，告诉我们应怎样做来减少食物的浪费，根据第三条“Keep an eye on what food you have at home. Don’t buy too much, especially for vegetables and fruit.”可知，我们不应该储存太多的粮食，故选D。
9.推理判断题。根据“Six million children die of(死于) hunger every year.”可知，每年因饥饿而死去的儿童有6百万，不是2亿，故选C。
10.主旨大意题。这篇短文用一句诗“谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦”作为开头，引出了文章的主题——不要浪费粮食。并通过很多数字告诉我们这个世界上还有很多人在挨饿，我们不应该浪费粮食。关于如何减少粮食的浪费，文章的最后作者还给我们提出了一些建议。因此A选项“不要浪费粮食”最能概括文章的大意，故选A。