2023高考英语二轮专题复习与测试专题强化练四推理判断题__隐含意义类

专题强化练(四)　推理判断题——隐含意义类

A

[2022·广州普通高中毕业班综合测试(一)]Sometimes a book comes along that isn't just“interesting”or“well done”—it's a book where it seems like the author looked into your brain and wrote a book specifically for you.A book like that for me was released last week.It's called 100 ThingsWe'veLosttotheInternet，written by editor Pamela Paul.

Paul lists 100 things we used to do that the Internet has either changed or taken over completely：writing letters，printing newspapers，the joys of being bored，and not having all the knowledge in the world in your pocket.

As I often accumulate random knowledge，certain entries on the list—BeingtheOnlyOne，FiguringOutWhoThatActorIs—hitmewhereIlive：remembering detailed facts is no longer nearly as impressive when everyone has the capability to find the answer in seconds.

On and on the list goes，with every minor shift adding to the pile.What this book does so well is illustrate the growth of that pile；while any individual item might be no big deal，the collected set is significant.It's a list of ways in which the world now is different from the world then.

Obviously，Paul isn't saying that everything back then was better.Time marches on，after all，and it's tough to argue against the many benefits that the Internet has brought into our lives.But that isn't really the point.It's not about whether it used to be better.It's that it used to be different.

100 ThingsWe'veLosttotheInternet is a fun read for those of us who share some of Paul's memories and experiences.We remember what it was like and we like to remember.The landscape has shifted，and no doubt it will shift again as technology's advancement continues apace.This book serves as a reminder of the simple truth that when gains are made，sometimes something is lost.

【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。作者对主编Pamela Paul出版的《被网络夺走的100种事物》一书评价很高，认为此书直击自己的心灵，是一部十分值得读的好书。

1．What is the purpose of the text?

A．To review and recommend a good read.

B．To comment on the effect of the Internet.

C．To argue for the viewpoint of a new book.

D．To urge the readers to value what they have.

解析：推理判断题。根据文章内容尤其是第一段的描述可知，一本好书似乎就像作者走进你的心灵，专为你而著。对于作者来说，上周出版的《被网络夺走的100种事物》就是这样的一本好书。由此可知，作者是在评论一本好书。再结合第六段首句可知，对于那些和Paul有着相同记忆和经历的人来说，这是一本很有趣的读物。综上所述，本文的写作目的是对这本好读物的评论和推荐。

答案：A

2．Which might be entries on Paul's list?

A．MapsandEyeContact

B．E­payandCompactDisks

C．PostcardsandHomeschooling

D．PhotosandWashingMachines

解析：推理判断题。根据第二段首句中的“Paul lists 100...taken over completely”可知，Paul所列的100种事物是我们过去常用的，但被现在的网络改变或完全夺走的事物，故A项(地图和目光交流)可能进人Paul的书单中。

答案：A

3．What do the underlined words“hit me where I live”in Paragraph 3 mean?

A．Prove what I'm good at.

B．Introduce how I grew up.

C．Describe the place I live in.

D．Speak out what is on my mind.

解析：词句猜测题。定位到文章第三段，分析冒号后的句子，以及结合选项可知，此处指作者所写的书“说出了我的想法，击中了我”。故选D。

答案：D

4．What conclusion has the author drawn after reading Paul's book?

A．Things in the past are better.

B．There're no gains without pains.

C．The Internet is a double­edged sword.

D．Technology is constantly changing the world.

解析：推理判断题。根据第六段中的“The landscape has...continues apace”可知，作者认为局面已经变化了，并且毫无疑问的是随着科技的迅速进步，局面将再次发生变化。故可推知读完这本书后作者认为科技在不断地改变着世界。

答案：D

B

(2022·广州高三年级调研测试)Tod Morgan was born blind，mentally challenged，and autistic.So he couldn't see；he could not learn like other children，and he didn't interact with people very much.Hedidnotseemtohavemuchofachance.Then，when he was two years old，he began to play little songs on his tiny toy piano.He could play perfectly some of the children's tunes he had heard.

Today，Tod works as a professional pianist.He plays jazz，Broadway songs，and classical pieces.After hearing a tune，he can imitate it almost perfectly the first time he plays it.Tod doesn't only imitate；he is creative too.He can change a classical piece to a jazz piece，a jazz piece to a polka，and a polka to a waltz.In addition to the piano，Tod can play 13 other instruments and also can sing.Tod's list of musical heroes includes Louis Daniel Armstrong，Mozart，and Beethoven.How can this be？How can such a severely challenged person be so musically talented?

Tod has what is called“savant syndrome”—a condition in which a mentally challenged person has a highly developed talent of a specific kind.Savant syndrome is a mystery to medical researchers.One person who is studying savant syndrome is Dr.David Brighton.He says that he has never seen a musical savant like Tod.Most musical savants are limited to simply repeating tunes they hear.Dr.Brighton points out that Tod's ability to come up with his own tunes is a giant step beyond memorization.

As for Tod，after studying jazz piano at the Rivers School in Massachusetts，he attended and graduated from the famous Berklee College of Music in Boston.Tod is encouraged by his parents as he performs all over the world appearing on TV and radio shows.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Tod Morgan生来双目失明，智力有缺陷，患有自闭症，但是他极有音乐天赋，已成为专业的钢琴家。

5．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 mean?

A．Tod was not likely to be completely cured.

B．Tod's chances of success in life were small.

C．Tod's ability to learn music was very limited.

D．Tod would have few opportunities to meet others.

解析：词句猜测题。根据第一段第二句“So he couldn't...people very much”可知，他看不见东西，不能像其他孩子那样学习，也不怎么与人交流。再结合下文叙述的他成了一名专业钢琴家可知，画线句说明他似乎没有成功的可能性。

答案：B

6．A person with savant syndrome is________．

A．mentally disabled but specially gifted

B．socially inactive but musically talented

C．physically disabled but highly intelligent

D．psychologically challenged but physically gifted

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Tod has what...a specific kind”可知，患有学者综合征的人智力有缺陷，但具有高度发达的某种特殊才能。

答案：A

7．What distinguishes Tod from most musical savants?

A．His memory.

B．His creativity.

C．His sociability.

D．His learning speed.

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“Most musical savants...step beyond memorization”可知，大多数音乐专家都局限于简单地重复他们听到的曲调，而Tod能够想出自己的曲调，这是他在记忆之外迈出的一大步。据此可知，创造力使他有别于大多数音乐专家。

答案：B

8．What can be concluded from the text?

A．Tod is a typical case of a serious disease.

B．Family support is vital to Tod's recovery.

C．Music connects Tod to the world around him.

D．Music education is a cure to the mentally disabled.

解析：推理判断题。通读尾部可知，Tod在马萨诸塞州里弗斯学校学习爵士钢琴，之后在波士顿著名的伯克利音乐学院上学和毕业，其后在世界各地的电视和广播节目上表演。再结合前文叙述的他生来双目失明，智力有缺陷，患有自闭症，似乎没有成功的可能性可推知，音乐把Tod和他周围的世界联系起来。

答案：C

C

If you were to throw，say，a banana peel out of your car while driving along the motorway，that would be a completely harmless action，due to the fact that it's part of a fruit—right？Actually，no.A banana peel can take up to two years to be naturally processed，and with a third of motorists admitting to littering while driving，that's a whole lot of discarded banana peels.An orange peel and a cigarette butt have a similar biodegrading(生物降解)term to that of a banana peel，but tin cans last up to 100 years；and plastic bottles last forever，so do glass bottles.

Despite the fact that longer­lasting materials will serve to damage the environment and its animals for longer，we can't merely measure the severity of a certain type of rubbish by its lifetime.For example，despite having a fairly short length of biodegrading time，more than 120 tons of cigarette­related litter is discarded in the UK every day.

It's not a cheap habit either：to keep our streets clean annually costs UK taxpayers ￡500 million，and when you include our green spaces，that goes up to ￡1 billion.So，it's not surprising that if caught fly­tipping you could face a ￡20，000 fine or even jail time and，if you dispose of something dangerous，the court could give you five years to serve.Regardless of how severe these punishments might seem，however，among the reported cases only 2，000 were found guilty out of 825，000，so we still have some way to go in making sure people obey the rules.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在我们所扔的垃圾中，不同的垃圾被分解时需要的时间不同，我们也不能仅凭垃圾被分解时需要的时间判断其严重性，我们要爱护环境、合法扔垃圾。

9．What does the underlined word“discarded”in Paragraph 1 mean?

A．Harmless.　　　　　　　 B．Processed.

C．Thrown.   D．Long­lasting.

解析：词句猜测题。根据画线词前的“admitting to littering”可知，此处表示被丢弃的香蕉皮。

答案：C

10．Which of the following has the longest biodegrading term?

A．Glass bottles.   B．Tin cans.

C．Cigarette butts.   D．Banana peels.

解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，plastic bottles和glass bottles的生物降解时间最长。

答案：A

11．What can be inferred from the passage?

A．The severity of rubbish can be measured only by its lifetime.

B．Quite a few people were found guilty of illegally littering.

C．Every year UK taxpayers spend ￡500 million keeping streets free of dirt.

D．Cigarette­related litter and peels can be ignored for their fairly short lifetime.

解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“to keep our streets clean annually costs UK taxpayers ￡500 million”可知，每年英国纳税人需花费5亿英镑来保持街道干净。

答案：C

12．What is the purpose of the passage?

A．To inform readers of different biodegrading terms.

B．To call for people not to litter illegally.

C．To encourage people to use fewer plastic bags.

D．To stress the importance of good behaviour.

解析：写作意图题。通读全文内容可知，在我们所扔的垃圾中，不同的垃圾被分解时需要的时间不同，我们也不能仅凭垃圾被分解时需要的时间判断其严重性。因此本篇文章旨在号召大家合法扔垃圾。

答案：B