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江苏省南通市如皋市2022-2023学年高一下学期5月月考英语试题
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这是一份江苏省南通市如皋市2022-2023学年高一下学期5月月考英语试题，共24页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成句子，推荐信，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。
江苏省南通市如皋市2022-2023学年高一下学期5月月考英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
June 5 is World Environment Day. To promote a simple, healthy, low-carbon lifestyle, “China Daily” and the government of Wuxi, Jiangsu province, are holding this year’s International Cartoon and Illustration Exhibition.
The exhibition is open to art lovers, cartoonists, and illustrators worldwide. The works should reflect the impacts of global climate change on society and everyday life and how the human race is dealing with climate change problems. The works should also promote environmental protection, a green lifestyle and harmony between humans and nature.
Prizes will be presented in six categories: Gold, Silver, Bronze, Outstanding, Shortlisted, and Popular. The winner of the Gold Award will be honored with a prize of 50,000 yuan, the two winners of the Silver Award will receive 20,000 yuan each and the three winners of the Bronze Award will get 10,000 yuan each. Gold, Silver and Bronze winners will also receive certificates and trophies (证书和奖杯). The winner of Outstanding, Shortlisted and popular awards will receive souvenirs in addition to certificates.
Requirements
1. The cartoon or illustration must be the participant’s original work.
2. The type may be, but is not limited to, a cartoon or an illustration.
3. A participant may submit at most 20 images, with no limit to single images or a series.
4. A brief introduction about the contribution (稿件), including its title, is required.
5. Please give us your e-mail address and phone number so we can reach you in case of any significant developments.
6. The contribution should be with at least one tag in order to be entered into a specific group or groups when uploading.
To Contribute
Please upload through the website: artcontest.chinadaily.com.cn.
1．What information is NOT included in this announcement?
A．Awards. B．Judges. C．Organizers. D．Target participants.
2．What is the appropriate contribution’s content?
A．People go to work by car instead of by cycling.
B．People try to save homeless animals in the city.
C．People set up organizations to help the disabled.
D．People carry out projects to return farmland to forests.
3．If you win, what will you certainly get?
A．Award money. B．A trophy. C．A certificate. D．A souvenir.
Zea Tongeman, a 14-year-old student, who is crazy about the Internet, applied technology to create an application that encourages people to recycle while having fun.
Zea was really inspired when she attended “Little Miss Geek Day”, an event that is aimed at making technology more accessible and appealing to young women and inspiring them to consider technology careers. Soon after, she entered “Apps for Good”, a competition that encourages students to create positive changes through technology. Teaming up with her friend, Jordan Stirbu, she laid the foundations for “Jazzy Recycling”.
The “Jazzy Recycling” application is designed to encourage young people to recycle more, which wins the favor of the youth and turns waste disposal (处理) into a game and helps you find places to recycle. Then you scan what you need to recycle, share it, and get rewards such as shopping vouchers (代金券) and games to be unlocked for what you have recycled.
Making use of the teen enthusiasm for sharing every little aspect of their daily life on social media like Facebook, Twitter or Instagram, recycling efforts can be shared too as a fun game among friends, which makes more people take part in recycling activities.
Zea explains why she is addicted to the Internet and how technology has changed her, “I used to think technology was just fixing computers and using smartphones; I have become very tired from just using what is available. I have discovered another side to it — I can make technology of my own.”
In fact, Zea Tongeman has taken the idea of recycling seriously and hopes all her fellow beings would give it a serious thought. This teen girl from the United Kingdom has made use of computer programming to create her own app that would encourage people to go recycling for a better world.
4．What is “Little Miss Geek Day” intended to do?
A．To introduce some young women.
B．To inspire people to go recycling.
C．To encourage students to create more careers.
D．To get girls interested and involved in technology.
5．How does “Jazzy Recycling” appeal to the young?
A．It combines recycling with fun.
B．It offers money to those who recycle.
C．It raises their awareness of waste disposal.
D．It provides varieties of convenient services.
6．What can be inferred from Paragraph 5?
A．Technology does more harm than good.
B．Zea shows interest in computer science.
C．Zea has changed her ideas about technology.
D．Zea used to think technology was of little use.
7．What can we learn from Tongeman’s story?
A．Teenagers have a talent for creating apps.
B．Technology plays a significant role in education.
C．Competitions inspire teenagers to achieve success.
D．Youngsters can make a difference in their own ways.
Sleeping on a rocking surface improves people’s sleep quality and memory consolidation (巩固) by certain oscillations (摇摆) in the brain which happen at the same time, according to a study.
The findings add to existing evidence that rocking is good for human sleep. “Our volunteers — even if they were al good sleepers — fell asleep more rapidly when rocked and had longer periods of deep sleep associated with fewer awakenings during the night,” study coauthor Laurence Bayer says. “We thus show that rocking is conducive to sleep.”
The team persuaded 18 healthy young adults to sleep three nights in the lab: one night to get accustomed to sleeping there, and then two nights in which data were collected, one on a bed that was gently rocked and the other on a settled bed. Participants slept more deeply and for longer periods when sleeping on a rocking bed, and memory tests performed in the morning showed that the movement was associated with improved recall of word pairs learned the night before.
The effects appear to be related to the way in which rocking influences brain activity, the authors note in their paper. The data showed that rhythmic rocking movements helped make certain neural (神经的) oscillations at the same time.
A second study explores how rocking influences sleep in mice — and finds similar effects. As in humans, rocking reduced the time it took for mice to fall asleep and increased sleep time, although, unlike humans, the mice did not appear to sleep more deeply when rocked than when they were sleeping on a fixed surface.
The study also found evidence for the involvement of sensory systems: Experiments with mice lacking functioning monolithic organs, which contribute to a sense of balance, showed that the organs were necessary for the animals to get the beneficial effects of rocking.
The findings from the two papers “are extremely important,” the University of California, Irvine’s Bryce Mander says. “Before these papers, both the mechanisms and the functional importance of the association between vestibular-related rocking and sleep were completely unknown.”
“The findings could lead to treatment choices for people suffering from sleeplessness and other sleep-related diseases,” Bayer adds. “This is probably a very promising way of doing clinical research in the future.”
8．What does the underlined word “conducive” mean?
A．Harmful. B．Necessary. C．Beneficial. D．Available.
9．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．The findings have been used in many fields.
B．Bayer thinks that the findings are significant.
C．The findings will help people increase memory.
D．Bayer used the findings to cure patients with sleeplessness.
10．What is the best title for this passage?
A．Rocking Improves Sleep and Memory
B．Choosing Rocking Beds Is the Best Choice
C．Sleeping on a Rocking Bed Is Good for Health
D．A Good Sleep Is Closely Connected with the Memory
11．What’s the structure of the passage?
A． B．
C． D．
Many animals use camouflage (伪装) to make them harder to see. Hunters do this so that the animals they want to eat don’t see them and run away. And prey animals, such as deer and zebra, use camouflage to avoid being eaten. But why do large cats have such different patterns? Lions don’t have any spots at all, but cheetahs have small black spots. While tigers have large black stripes and orange fur, leopards and jaguars have much more complicated patterns of spots.
Will Allen at the University of Bristol is interested in this question. For his PhD in vision science, he decided to study large cats to try to find out the reasons for these different patterns. Will says that, to find the answer, he also needed to talk to scientists from many different fields, such as psychology, biology, engineering and computer science. Experts from each of these areas of science helped him with his work.
Earlier studies had shown that camouflage was more common among cats that lived in forests. But Will says that these studies didn’t explain why a leopard’s spots are different from a cheetah’s spots, for example. He decided to use a mathematical technique called “reaction-diffusion”. This allowed him to play with different patterns on a computer screen and produce exact matches for different animals. In this way, he could compare camouflage patterns with the animals’ behavior and habitat much more accurately.
His results help to explain the differences. Will says that there is a clear connection between patterns and environment. Cats in forests with lots of trees and plants have more complicated patterns than cats which live in areas without lots of trees. And cats that spend more time in trees have more irregular patterns than cats that hunt at night. Will explains that a cat’s camouflage depends on where it lives and how it hunts. Evolution has created the most suitable pattern for each particular hunter. Will’s studies mean we can look at a big cat’s fur and predict its habitat and lifestyle.
12．What’s the function of camouflage according to paragraph 1?
A．To act as cats. B．To hide them from others.
C．To avoid prey animals. D．To scare hunters away.
13．What determines a cat’s camouflage concerning Will’s findings?
A．Its sleeping patterns. B．Its different enemies.
C．Its habitat and hunting ways. D．Its complicated environment.
14．What can we learn about Will?
A．The whole study was completed all by himself.
B．“Reaction-diffusion” technique was applied in his study.
C．He failed to explain why cats have different patterns in his study.
D．He found camouflage was more common among domestic cats.
15．What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A．The findings of Will’s study. B．The methods of Will’s study.
C．The disadvantages of Will’s study. D．The application of Will’s study.
二、七选五
Lighten up with Laughter Yoga
They say that laughter is the best medicine. 16 And it even helps protect you against a heart attack. Imagine being able to get al of these benefits even when there isn’t much to laugh about.
Young children don’t feel self-conscious about laughing, but when do older people laugh? Usually only when we see or hear something funny. How would you feel if you saw an adult laughing at nothing? 17
However, Dr Madan Kataria from Mumbai in India thinks that we should all make more effort to laugh, especially if we don’t really feel like laughing. 18 This means that it’s possible to get all the benefits of genuine laughter just by pretending to laugh.
19 It is a system which combines the breathing techniques of yoga with a series of exercises designed to stimulate the laughter muscles. These activities make the body produce the natural effects of real laughter and have already helped thousands of people of al ages and fitness levels.
Former clown (丑角) Ana Banana was delighted to find a therapy that separates laughter from humour. Because her job was to make other people laugh, the jokes weren’t funny for her and she didn’t often laugh herself. 20 After reading Dr Kataria’s book, Ana tried practising making the sounds of laughter. Eventually this became genuine laughter and years later she practises daily. She says, “For me, it’s an anti-depressive that has no adverse side-effects. It’s free, liberating and gives me an incredible sense of well-being.”
A．Laughter can relieve stress, reduce pain.
B．Dr Kataria then developed Laughter Yoga.
C．So try your best to laugh as much as possible.
D．Older people make loud noise when they laugh.
E．You’d probably think that they were a bit strange and try to avoid them.
F．A serious illness left Ana severely depressed until she discovered Laughter Yoga.
G．He discovered that our bodies can’t tell the difference between a real laugh and a false one.
三、完形填空
Every year I’d read over 2,000 college applications from students all over the world. It is quite 21 to choose whom to admit. 22 , in the chaos of SAT scores and recommendations, one 23 is always appealing in a candidate: kindness.
The most surprising 24 of kindness I’ve ever 25 came from a student who had excellent scores and a supportive recommendation from his college counselor (顾问). Even with these qualifications, he might not have 26 . But one letter of recommendation 27 my eye. It was from a school security 28 . Letters of recommendation are typically written by people like former presidents, celebrities, and Olympic athletes.
The security guard wrote that he supported this student’s 29 because of his consideration. This young man was the only person in the school who knew the names of every member of the guard staff and consistently 30 them each morning. He turned off lights and tidied up the classroom after his peers left school 31 nobody was watching. This student, the security guard wrote, 32 respect for every person at the school, regardless of position, popularity or power.
It gave us a 33 into a student’s life in the moments when nothing “counted”. That student was admitted by unanimous (一致的) vote of the admissions committee.
Next year there might be a flood of security guard recommendations 34 this essay. But if it means students will start paying as much 35 to the people who clean their classrooms as they do to their principals and teachers, I’m happy to help start that trend.
21．A．defensive B．difficult C．delicate D．distant
22．A．However B．Otherwise C．Besides D．Therefore
23．A．nationality B．quality C．mobility D．responsibility
24．A．signal B．image C．appearance D．indication
25．A．permitted B．wrote C．found D．brought
26．A．set up B．stood out C．broke out D．sped up
27．A．linked B．caught C．mixed D．broadened
28．A．guard B．teacher C．principal D．counselor
29．A．reflection B．reaction C．expression D．admission
30．A．commented B．answered C．impressed D．thanked
31．A．as if B．now that C．even if D．so that
32．A．got B．applied C．showed D．bet
33．A．credit B．trouble C．method D．window
34．A．due to B．in need of C．except for D．along with
35．A．money B．notice C．attention D．curiosity
四、用单词的适当形式完成句子
36． the click of a mouse or the touch of a button, it is possible to find out almost anything we care to know, from recipes to travel packages.(用适当的词填空)
37．No wonder the internet has now become the first place the majority of people turn to for information. (用适当的词填空)
38．With more knowledge comes deeper, more wonderful mystery, inspiring one to look deeper still. (用适当的词填空)
39．While the Internet brings many advantages, (connect) has its problems. (所给词的适当形式填空)
40．I went out for a run and the details of the scene (reveal) in front of me. (所给词的适当形式填空)
41．Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People’s Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prize, (award) for her contribution to the fight against malaria. （所给词的适当形式填空）
42．Perhaps the next generation of scientists, drawing on the wisdom of traditional Chinese medicine, (discover) more medicines beneficial to global health care. (所给词的适当形式填空)
43．When a scientist doesn’t know the answer to a problem, he is (ignorance). (所给词的适当形式填空)
44．With pleasure, I remember the lazy Sunday afternoons I used to spend in the warmth of my grandma’s flat, (greedy) eating bowl after bowl of her delicious rice pudding. (所给词的适当形式填空)
45．With eyes no longer fixed on our phones, we had a chance (enjoy) each other’s company. (所给词的适当形式填空)
五、推荐信
46．假如你是李华，你的美国笔友David准备组织一个“了解中国传统美食（Into Chinese traditional cuisine）”的活动，写信向你求助。请你给他回信，内容包括：
1. 推荐某一种中国传统美食（比如：饺子、粽子或南京盐水鸭等）；
2. 推荐理由；
3. 建议活动形式。
参考词汇：饺子 Dumplings 粽子 Zongzi 南京盐水鸭 Nanjing salted duck
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear David,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last March, Margarito drove to visit his mother who lived in the countryside. When he set off for home, Margarito’s mother looked at the dark sky and noticed the sign of a coming storm. Worried about her son’s safety, she told him to drive as carefully as possible on his way home and he promised to give her a call upon his arrival.
With his mother’s words in mind, Margarito approached the main road carefully. Soon, it started to rain heavily. Eager to get home, Margarito began to drive faster. Two hours later, he came to a bumpy mountain road that had been flooded by a creek (小溪). Margarito, driving a four-wheel drive truck, figured that he would be OK. At that moment, he didn’t realize that such a thought would be a big mistake.
It was halfway across the creek that an unfortunate incident took place: The rushing waters grabbed hold of his vehicle, pushing it off the road and sending it down a rocky creek bed. The truck finally stopped some 80 feet away. Margarito’s problems only grew from there as the water had somehow positioned the truck into the creek bank at a 45-degree angle, making it difficult for him to open the driver’s side door. Injured and trapped inside with the muddy water rising quickly, Margarito was certain he was going to die. Shaking with fear, he was at a loss about what to do.
On the road right behind Margarito were a delivery worker named Steve and his nephew Mike, who were on the way to deliver furniture to customers in the countryside. They witnessed the horrible incident, and when Margarito’s truck came to rest in the middle of the overflowing creek, Steve quickly began to take action. First, he grabbed a rope from the back of his vehicle and used it to ensure he could safely approach the truck.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Next, he turned to Mike and yelled, “Give me a rock!”
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Margarito was about to thank Steve and Mike when the mobile phone in his jacket pocket rang.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．B 2．D 3．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。6月5日是世界环境日。为了推广简单、健康、低碳的生活方式，中国日报社和江苏省无锡市政府联合主办了2022国际漫画插画展，本文介绍了参赛的细节。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“To promote a simple, healthy, low-carbon lifestyle, “China Daily” and the government of Wuxi, Jiangsu province, are holding this year’s International Cartoon and Illustration Exhibition. (为了推广简单、健康、低碳的生活方式，《中国日报》和江苏省无锡市政府共同举办了今年的国际漫画插画展。)”、第二段“The exhibition is open to art lovers, cartoonists, and illustrators worldwide. (该展览向世界各地的艺术爱好者、漫画家和插画家开放。)”和第三段“Prizes will be presented in six categories: Gold, Silver, Bronze, Outstanding, Shortlisted, and Popular.(奖项将分为六个类别：金奖、银奖、铜奖、杰出奖、入围奖和大众奖。)”可知，本公告包括了组织者、目标参与者和奖项，B项“裁判”没有提到。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“The works should reflect the impacts of global climate change on society and everyday life and how the human race is dealing with climate change problems. The works should also promote environmental protection, a green lifestyle and harmony between humans and nature. (作品应反映全球气候变化对社会和日常生活的影响，以及人类如何应对气候变化问题。作品还应促进环境保护、绿色生活方式以及人与自然的和谐。)”可推断，人们实施退耕还林工程适合作为投稿内容。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据第三段“The winner of Outstanding, Shortlisted and popular awards will receive souvenirs in addition to certificates. (优秀奖、入围奖和受欢迎奖的得奖者除获颁证书，还可获赠纪念品。)”可知，如果你赢了，你肯定会得到证书。故选C。
4．D 5．A 6．C 7．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个14岁的英国少女Zea Tongeman创建了一个把回收和享受乐趣结合在一起的应用程序，鼓励人们为一个更好的世界回收资源。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Zea was really inspired when she attended “Little Miss Geek Day”, an event that aims at making technology more accessible and appealing to young women and inspiring them to consider technology careers.(Zea在参加“Little Miss Geek Day”活动时深受启发，该活动旨在让年轻女性更容易接触和吸引科技，并鼓励她们考虑从事科技行业)”可知，Little Miss Geek Day的目的是让年轻女性接触科技并鼓励她们从事科技事业。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段“The “Jazzy Recycling” application is designed to encourage young people to recycle more, which wins the favor of the youth. It turns waste disposal into a game and helps you find places to recycle. Then you scan what you need to recycle, share it, and get rewards such as shopping vouchers (代金券) and games to be unlocked for what you have recycled.(“Jazzy Recycling”应用旨在鼓励年轻人多回收，受到年轻人的青睐。它把垃圾处理变成一个游戏，并帮助你找到回收的地方。然后你可以浏览需要回收的内容，分享它们，并获得购物券和游戏等奖励)”可知，Jazzy Recycling吸引年轻人是因为它把回收和有趣的事结合起来。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据第五段“Zea explains why she is addicted to the Internet and how technology has changed her, “I used to think technology was just fixing computers and using smartphones; I have become very tired from just using what is available. I have discovered another side to it — I can make technology of my own.”(Zea解释了她沉迷于互联网的原因以及科技如何改变了她，“我曾经认为科技只是修理电脑和使用智能手机;我已经厌倦了仅仅使用可用的东西。我发现了它的另一面——我可以自己制造技术。”)”可推断，Zea已经改变了她对技术的看法。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据第一段“Zea Tongeman, a 14-year-old student, who is crazy about the Internet, applied technology to create an application that encourages people to recycle while having fun.(14岁的学生Zea Tongeman痴迷于互联网，她应用技术创建了一款应用程序，鼓励人们在享受乐趣的同时回收资源)”和最后一段的“This teen girl from the United Kingdom has made use of computer programming to create her own app that would encourage people to go recycling for a better world.(这位来自英国的少女利用计算机编程创建了自己的应用程序，该应用程序将鼓励人们为一个更美好的世界去回收资源)”可知，通过Zea Tongeman的故事我们知道了，青少年用他们自己的方式来影响周围的人和世界。故选D。
8．C 9．B 10．A 11．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，该研究表明，睡在摇晃的表面上可以提高人们的睡眠质量，并通过大脑中同时发生的某些振荡来巩固记忆。
8．词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文“The findings add to existing evidence that rocking is good for human sleep. “Our volunteers — even if they were all good sleepers — fell asleep more rapidly when rocked and had longer periods of deep sleep associated with fewer awakenings during the night,” study coauthor Laurence Bayer says.(这一发现进一步证实了摇晃对人类睡眠有益的现有证据。研究的合著者Laurence Bayer说：“我们的志愿者——即使他们都是很好的睡眠者——在摇晃时入睡更快，深度睡眠时间更长，夜间醒来的次数也更少。”)”可知，摇晃使得人们入睡更快，深度睡眠时间更长，夜间醒来的次数也更少，由此可知，摇晃对人们的睡眠有好处。所以conducive为“有益的”之意。选项A“Harmful (有害的)”；选项B“Necessary (有必要的)”；选项C“Beneficial (有益的)”；选项D“Available (可利用的)”。故选C。
9．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““The findings could lead to treatment choices for people suffering from sleeplessness and other sleep-related diseases,” Bayer adds. “This is probably a very promising way of doing clinical research in the future.”(Bayer补充说：“这些发现可能会为患有失眠和其他睡眠相关疾病的人提供治疗选择。这可能是未来进行临床研究的一种非常有前途的方式。”)”可推断出，Bayer认为这项发现可能会为患有失眠和其他睡眠相关疾病的人提供治疗选择，是非常重要的。故选B。
10．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Sleeping on a rocking surface improves people’s sleep quality and memory consolidation (巩固) by certain oscillations (摇摆) in the brain which happen at the same time, according to a study. (一项研究表明，睡在摇晃的表面上可以提高人们的睡眠质量，并通过大脑中同时发生的某些振荡来巩固记忆。)”以及第二段“The findings add to existing evidence that rocking is good for human sleep. “Our volunteers — even if they were all good sleepers — fell asleep more rapidly when rocked and had longer periods of deep sleep associated with fewer awakenings during the night,” study coauthor Laurence Bayer says.(这一发现进一步证实了摇晃对人类睡眠有益的现有证据。研究的合著者Laurence Bayer说：“我们的志愿者——即使他们都是很好的睡眠者——在摇晃时入睡更快，深度睡眠时间更长，夜间醒来的次数也更少。”)”可知，文章主要介绍了一项研究发现结果，该研究表明睡在摇晃的表面上可以提高人们的睡眠质量，并通过大脑中同时发生的某些振荡来巩固记忆，A项“摇晃改善睡眠和记忆力”符合文意。故选A。
11．推理判断题。文章第一段“Sleeping on a rocking surface improves people’s sleep quality and memory consolidation (巩固) by certain oscillations (摇摆) in the brain which happen at the same time, according to a study. (一项研究表明，睡在摇晃的表面上可以提高人们的睡眠质量，并通过大脑中同时发生的某些振荡来巩固记忆。)”可知，第一段直接介绍了研究的结果。第二、三、四段主要讲述的是第一项实验，以及该实验的结果；第五、六段主要讲述的是第二项研究以及该研究的结果。文章最后两段则讲述了该研究的重要性。故选A。
12．B 13．C 14．B 15．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，该研究主要关于大型猫科动物有不同的图案的原因。
12．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Many animals use camouflage (伪装) to make them harder to see.(许多动物使用伪装来使自己不易被发现。)”可知，动物用伪装来隐藏自己不被发现。故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Will says that there is a clear connection between patterns and environment. Cats in forests with lots of trees and plants have more complicated patterns than cats which live in areas without lots of trees. And cats that spend more time in trees have more irregular patterns than cats that hunt at night. Will explains that a cat’s camouflage depends on where it lives and how it hunts. (Will说，模式和环境之间有明显的联系。生活在有很多树木和植物的森林里的猫科动物比生活在没有很多树木的地区的猫科动物有更复杂的图案。花更多时间在树上的猫科动物比晚上捕猎的猫科动物有更多的不规则图案。Will解释说，猫科动物的伪装取决于它生活的地方和捕食的方式。)”可知，猫科动物的伪装取决于它生活的地方和捕食的方式。故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“He decided to use a mathematical technique called “reaction-diffusion”. This allowed him to play with different patterns on a computer screen and produce exact matches for different animals.(他决定使用一种叫做“反应扩散”的数学技术。这使他能够在电脑屏幕上玩不同的图案，并为不同的动物产生精确的匹配。)”可知，Will在研究中使用了一种叫做“反应扩散”的数学技术。故选B。
15．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“His results help to explain the differences. Will says that there is a clear connection between patterns and environment. Cats in forests with lots of trees and plants have more complicated patterns than cats which live in areas without lots of trees. And cats that spend more time in trees have more irregular patterns than cats that hunt at night. Will explains that a cat’s camouflage depends on where it lives and how it hunts. Evolution has created the most suitable pattern for each particular hunter. Will’s studies mean we can look at a big cat’s fur and predict its habitat and lifestyle.(他的研究结果有助于解释这些差异。Will说，模式和环境之间有明显的联系。生活在有很多树木和植物的森林里的猫科动物比生活在没有很多树木的地区的猫科动物有更复杂的图案。花更多时间在树上的猫科动物比晚上捕猎的猫科动物有更多的不规则图案。Will解释说，猫科动物的伪装取决于它生活的地方和捕食的方式。进化为每个特定的猎人创造了最合适的模式。Will的研究意味着我们可以通过观察大型猫科动物的皮毛来预测它们的栖息地和生活方式。)”可知，最后一段主要介绍了Will的研究结果。故选A。
16．A 17．E 18．G 19．B 20．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是通过练习大笑瑜伽来放松心情。
16．根据空后内容“And it even helps protect you against a heart attack.(它甚至可以帮助你防止心脏病发作。)”可知，下文讲述的是笑可以防止心脏病的发作。选项A“Laughter can relieve stress, reduce pain.(笑可以缓解压力，减少痛苦。)”讲述的是笑可以缓解压力。与下文一致，讲述的都是笑的好处。故选A。
17．根据上文内容“Young children don’t feel self-conscious about laughing, but when do older people laugh? Usually only when we see or hear something funny. How would you feel if you saw an adult laughing at nothing?(小孩子笑起来不会觉得难为情，但是当年纪大一些的人笑呢？通常只有当我们看到或听到有趣的事情时。如果你看到一个成年人无缘无故地大笑，你会作何感想？)”可知，上文讲述的是当人们看到小孩笑，都觉得很正常；并提出反问，询问成年人笑的时候，人们是什么感觉。选项E“You’d probably think that they were a bit strange and try to avoid them.(你可能会觉得他们有点奇怪，并试图避开他们。)”回答了上文的问题，指的是当你看到成年人笑的时候可能觉得奇怪。故选E。
18．根据空后内容“This means that it’s possible to get all the benefits of genuine laughter just by pretending to laugh.(这意味着我们可以通过假装笑来获得真正笑的所有好处。)”可知，假笑对身体也有好处。选项G“He discovered that our bodies can’t tell the difference between a real laugh and a false one.(他发现我们的身体无法分辨真笑和假笑。)”可知，身体无法分辨真笑假笑，从而引出下文，我们可以通过假装笑来获得真正笑的所有好处，G项中的He指代的就是上文的Dr Madan Kataria，故选G。
19．空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“It is a system which combines the breathing techniques of yoga with a series of exercises designed to stimulate the laughter muscles. These activities make the body produce the natural effects of real laughter and have already helped thousands of people of all ages and fitness levels.(这是一个将瑜伽的呼吸技巧与一系列旨在刺激笑肌的练习相结合的系统。这些活动使身体产生真正笑声的自然效果，并已经帮助了成千上万的不同年龄和健康水平的人。)”可知，下文主要讲述的是一个将瑜伽的呼吸技巧与一系列旨在刺激笑肌的练习相结合的系统。选项B“Dr Kataria then developed Laughter Yoga.( Kataria博士随后发展了大笑瑜伽。)”讲述的是Kataria博士随后发展了大笑瑜伽。而下文则重点解释了何为大笑瑜伽。故选B。
20．根据下文“After reading Dr Kataria’s book, Ana tried practising making the sounds of laughter. Eventually this became genuine laughter and years later she practises daily. She says, “For me, it’s an anti-depressive that has no adverse side-effects. It’s free, liberating and gives me an incredible sense of well-being.”(读了Kataria博士的书后，Anna试着练习发出笑声。最终，这变成了真正的笑声，多年以后，她每天都这样做。她说：“对我来说，这是一种没有副作用的抗抑郁药。它是免费的，解放的，给了我一种难以置信的幸福感。”)”可知，Anna受到了Kataria博士的书的启发，开始练习发出笑声，并由此有了幸福感。选项F“A serious illness left Ana severely depressed until she discovered Laughter Yoga.(一场严重的疾病让Anna非常沮丧，直到她发现了大笑瑜伽。)”解释了下文Anna练习大笑瑜伽的原因及效果。故选F。
21．B 22．A 23．B 24．D 25．C 26．B 27．B 28．A 29．D 30．D 31．C 32．C 33．D 34．A 35．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者每年都要审批来自世界各地的2000多份大学申请。要选择录取谁是相当困难的。然而，在SAT分数和推荐信的混乱中，候选人的一个品质总是不可抗拒的：善良。一名保安因为一名学生的体贴和尊重而写了一封推荐信。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：要选择录取谁是相当困难的。A. defensive防御的；B. difficult困难的；C. delicate脆弱的；D. distant遥远的。根据上文“Every year I’d read over 2,000 college applications from students all over the world”可知，申请人很多，所以要选择录取谁是相当困难的。故选B。
22．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在SAT分数和推荐信的混乱中，候选人的一个品质总是不可抗拒的：善良。A. However然而；B. Otherwise否则；C. Besides此外；D. Therefore因此。后文“is always appealing in a candidate”提到了不可抗拒的品质，与上文很难选择录取谁构成转折关系，应用however。故选A。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在SAT分数和推荐信的混乱中，候选人的一个品质总是不可抗拒的：善良。A. nationality国籍；B. quality品质；C. mobility流动性；D. responsibility责任。根据后文“is always irresistible in a candidate: kindness”可知，善良是一种品质。故选B。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现的最令人惊讶的善意来自一个成绩优异的学生，他的大学顾问给了他支持性的推荐信。A. signal信号；B. image图像；C. appearance外表；D. indication象征，指示。根据后文“came from a student who had excellent scores and a supportive recommendation from his college counselor”可知，一个成绩优异的学生，他的大学辅导员给了他支持性的推荐信，这是善良的象征。故选D。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现的最令人惊讶的善意来自一个成绩优异的学生，他的大学顾问给了他支持性的推荐信。A. permitted允许；B. wrote写；C. found发现；D. brought带来。根据下文“a student who had excellent scores and a supportive recommendation from his college counselor”可知，一个成绩优异的学生，他的大学辅导员给了他支持性的推荐信，这是作者发现的善良的行为。故选C。
26．考查动词短语辨析。句意：即使有这些资历，他也未必能脱颖而出。A. set up建立；B. stood out突出；C. broke out爆发；D. sped up加速。根据上文“Even with these qualifications, he might not have”可知，有了好的资历，按理说可以在申请人中脱颖而出，空格处是“突出”，故选B。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但有一封推荐信引起了我的注意。A. linked连接；B. caught吸引（注意或兴趣）；C. mixed混合；D. broadened拓宽。根据下文“It was from a school security ____8___”可知，作者注意到了那封推荐信，catch one’s eye是固定短语，意为“吸引某人的注意”。故选B。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：来自学校保安。A. guard保安；B. teacher老师；C. principal校长；D. counselor顾问。根据后文“The security guard wrote”可知，信来自学校保安。故选A。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：保安写道，因为他的体贴，他支持这个学生能被录取。A. reflection反映；B. reaction反应；C. expression表达；D. admission录取。根据倒数第二段的“That student was admitted by unanimous (一致的) vote of the admissions committee”可知，保安支持这个学生能够被录取。故选D。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个年轻人是学校里唯一一个知道所有警卫人员名字的人，而且每天早上都向他们表示感谢。A. commented评论；B. answered回答；C. impressed使留下深刻印象；D. thanked感谢。根据上文“This young man was the only person in the school who knew the names of every member of the guard staff”可知，学生很有礼貌，记得所有保安的名字，每天早上感谢保安，故选D。
31．考查固定短语辨析。句意：同学们离开学校后，即使没有人看着，他也会关灯、打扫教室。A. as if好像；B. now that既然；C. even if即使；D. so that以便于。结合上文“He turned off lights and tidied up the classroom”和下文“nobody was watching”可知，即使没有人看着，他也会关灯、打扫教室，引导让步状语从句，表示“即使”应用even if。故选C。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：保安写道，这名学生对学校里的每一个人都表现出尊重，无论职位、受欢迎程度或权力。A. got得到；B. applied应用；C. showed表现出；D. bet打赌。根据下文“respect for every person”可知，是对每个人表现出尊敬。故选C。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它为我们打开了一扇窗，让我们一窥学生生活中那些“无足轻重”的时刻。A. credit信用；B. trouble麻烦；C. method方法；D. window窗户。根据后文“into a student’s life”可知，指打开一扇窗，让我们看到学生生活中那些“无足轻重”的时刻，故选D。
34．考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于这篇文章，明年可能会有大量的保安推荐。A. due to因为；B. in need of需要；C. except for除了；D. along with和……一起。根据上文“That student was admitted by unanimous (一致的) vote of the admissions committee”，“Next year there might be a flood of security guard recommendations”和下文“this essay”可知，那个学生因为保安的推荐信而被录取了，所以因为这封推荐信，明年可能会有大量的保安推荐。故选A。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但如果这意味着学生们开始像关注校长和老师一样关注打扫教室的人，我很乐意帮助开启这一趋势。A. money钱；B. notice通知；C. attention注意力；D. curiosity好奇心。根据后文“to the people who clean their classrooms”指关注打扫教室的人，短语pay attention to表示“注意”。故选C。
36．With
【详解】考查介词。句意：只要轻点鼠标或按一下按钮，几乎任何我们想知道的东西都可以查到，从食谱到旅游套餐。名词click 前用介词形式。表示“用”用介词with。根据句意，故填With。
37．that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：难怪互联网现在已经成为大多数人转向获取信息的首选 。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰the first place，从句中缺少宾语，且先行词由序数词修饰，故用关系代词that引导限制性定语从句，故填that。
38．a
【详解】考查冠词。句意：随着知识的增长，一个更深刻、更奇妙的谜团也随之而来，激励人们去更深入地看问题。此处mystery为泛指且deeper是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
39．being connected
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然互联网带来了许多优点，但连接也有其问题。空格处作主语，应用动名词的某种形式，动词connect和其逻辑主语the Internet 之间为被动关系，应用动名词的被动语态。故填being connected。
40．were revealed
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：我出去跑步，现场的细节展现在我面前。根据并列连词and前时态可知，用一般过去时。主语the details of the scene为复数，与reveal之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。根据句意，故填were revealed。
41．awarded
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：屠呦呦成为中华人民共和国首位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家，以表彰她在抗击疟疾方面的贡献。分析句子可知，空处为非谓语动词在句子中作状语，逻辑主语Tu Youyou与award构成逻辑上的被动关系，空处用过去分词。故填awarded。
42．will discover
【详解】考查时态。句意：也许下一代的科学家，利用传统医学的智慧，会发现更多有利于全球医疗保健的药物。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少谓语动词。表示将要发生的事情，用一般将来时。根据句意，故填will discover。
43．ignorant
【详解】考查形容词。句意：当一个科学家不知道问题的答案时，他是无知的。分析句子结构可知，空处需用形容词作表语；ignorance对应的形容词为ignorant“无知的”。故填ignorant。
44．greedily
【详解】考查副词。句意：我愉快地回忆起那个慵懒的周日下午，我常待在奶奶温暖的公寓里，听她讲精彩的故事，贪婪地吃着她一碗又一碗美味的米饭布丁。分析句子可知，此处修饰动词eating，作状语，需用副词greedily。故填greedily。
45．to enjoy
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：眼睛不再盯着手机，我们有机会享受彼此的陪伴。have a chance to do sth.有做某事的机会，不定式作后置定语。根据句意，故填to enjoy。
46．Dear David,
Hearing you meet some difficulty when planning to hold an activity called Into Chinese traditional cuisine, I’m writing to recommend Zongzi to you.
Zongzi enjoys great popularity for its special flavor of reed leaves. Besides, its diverse fillings, such as meat, peanut, egg yolk, cater to people’s different needs. To hold the activity successfully, it is advisable to engage all your classmates in making it. I believe every one of you will enjoy the process!
Hope my suggestion will be helpful and wish you every success in your activity.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的推荐信。要求考生向美国笔友David写信，向其推荐一种中国传统美食，以帮助他进行一个“了解中国传统美食”的活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
计划：plan → intend
此外：besides → what’s more
各种各样的：diverse → various/a variety of
有帮助的：be helpful → be of help
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：To hold the activity successfully, it is advisable to engage all your classmates in making it.
拓展句：If you want to hold the activity successfully, it is advisable to engage all your classmates in making it.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Hearing you meet some difficulty when planning to hold an activity called Into Chinese traditional cuisine, I’m writing to recommend Zongzi to you. (运用了现在分词作状语，过去分词作定语和省略引导词that的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】I believe every one of you will enjoy the process! (运用了省略引导词that的宾语从句)
47． Next, he turned to Mike and yelled, “Give me a rock!” With the rock, he hit the window over and over but had little success. Steve then shouted to Margarito to move away from the window. He balanced himself on the truck, leaned back and threw the rock at the window. Finally, the glass broke and Steve kicked in the remaining pieces of glass. Relieved, Margarito reached out for Steve’s hand and was rescued. The two men escaped and returned to safety.
Margarito was about to thank Steve and Mike when the mobile phone in his jacket pocket rang. With trembling hands, Margarito took out the phone and pressed it to his ear. His mother’s anxious voice came over the phone, “Are you home yet? Everything’s good?” Tears welled up in his eyes at the familiar sound of concern. Margarito choked up as he explained the accident to his mom and comforted her. Hanging up the phone, he turned to Steve and Mike and sincerely thanked both of them. Cold as the rain was, great warmth filled his heart like never before.
【导语】本文以玛格丽托开车去看望住在乡下的母亲为线索展开，讲述了去年3月，玛格丽托去看望住在乡下的母亲，返程途中遭遇到了暴风雨，他的车被卡在山路上的一条小溪中间，他受伤了并被困在里面，这时，送货员史蒂夫和他的侄子迈克目睹了这可怕的一幕，他们把玛格丽托从车里救了出来。玛格丽托对两位营救他的恩人非常感激。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“接着，他转向迈克喊道：“给我一块石头！”。”可知，第一段可描写送货员史蒂夫看到玛格丽托被困在车里，立刻想到了必须马上用石头砸破车窗户，把玛格丽托营救出来，详细叙述他营救玛格丽托的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“玛格丽托正要感谢史蒂夫和迈克，这时他夹克口袋里的手机响了。”可知，第二段可描写玛格丽托被救后接到了他母亲的电话，电话中他向母亲讲述了刚才自己经历的惊险一幕，挂断电话后，玛格丽托向史蒂夫和迈克表达的真诚的感谢之情。
2.续写线索：史蒂夫砸车窗——玛格丽托获救——玛格丽托接到母亲电话——玛格丽托表达感谢
3.词汇激活
行为类
①喊叫：shout / yell out
②营救，得救：rescue /save
③解释：explain /interpret/illustrate
情绪类
①焦急的：anxious / worried
②真诚地：sincerely /honestly
【点睛】【高分句型1】
Margarito choked up as he explained the accident to his mom and comforted her.(运用了as引导的时间状语从句)
【高分句型2】
Cold as the rain was, great warmth filled his heart like never before. (运用了形容词+as +主语+系动词倒装句型)
江苏省南通市如皋市2022-2023学年高一下学期5月月考英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
June 5 is World Environment Day. To promote a simple, healthy, low-carbon lifestyle, “China Daily” and the government of Wuxi, Jiangsu province, are holding this year’s International Cartoon and Illustration Exhibition.
The exhibition is open to art lovers, cartoonists, and illustrators worldwide. The works should reflect the impacts of global climate change on society and everyday life and how the human race is dealing with climate change problems. The works should also promote environmental protection, a green lifestyle and harmony between humans and nature.
Prizes will be presented in six categories: Gold, Silver, Bronze, Outstanding, Shortlisted, and Popular. The winner of the Gold Award will be honored with a prize of 50,000 yuan, the two winners of the Silver Award will receive 20,000 yuan each and the three winners of the Bronze Award will get 10,000 yuan each. Gold, Silver and Bronze winners will also receive certificates and trophies (证书和奖杯). The winner of Outstanding, Shortlisted and popular awards will receive souvenirs in addition to certificates.
Requirements
1. The cartoon or illustration must be the participant’s original work.
2. The type may be, but is not limited to, a cartoon or an illustration.
3. A participant may submit at most 20 images, with no limit to single images or a series.
4. A brief introduction about the contribution (稿件), including its title, is required.
5. Please give us your e-mail address and phone number so we can reach you in case of any significant developments.
6. The contribution should be with at least one tag in order to be entered into a specific group or groups when uploading.
To Contribute
Please upload through the website: artcontest.chinadaily.com.cn.
1．What information is NOT included in this announcement?
A．Awards. B．Judges. C．Organizers. D．Target participants.
2．What is the appropriate contribution’s content?
A．People go to work by car instead of by cycling.
B．People try to save homeless animals in the city.
C．People set up organizations to help the disabled.
D．People carry out projects to return farmland to forests.
3．If you win, what will you certainly get?
A．Award money. B．A trophy. C．A certificate. D．A souvenir.
Zea Tongeman, a 14-year-old student, who is crazy about the Internet, applied technology to create an application that encourages people to recycle while having fun.
Zea was really inspired when she attended “Little Miss Geek Day”, an event that is aimed at making technology more accessible and appealing to young women and inspiring them to consider technology careers. Soon after, she entered “Apps for Good”, a competition that encourages students to create positive changes through technology. Teaming up with her friend, Jordan Stirbu, she laid the foundations for “Jazzy Recycling”.
The “Jazzy Recycling” application is designed to encourage young people to recycle more, which wins the favor of the youth and turns waste disposal (处理) into a game and helps you find places to recycle. Then you scan what you need to recycle, share it, and get rewards such as shopping vouchers (代金券) and games to be unlocked for what you have recycled.
Making use of the teen enthusiasm for sharing every little aspect of their daily life on social media like Facebook, Twitter or Instagram, recycling efforts can be shared too as a fun game among friends, which makes more people take part in recycling activities.
Zea explains why she is addicted to the Internet and how technology has changed her, “I used to think technology was just fixing computers and using smartphones; I have become very tired from just using what is available. I have discovered another side to it — I can make technology of my own.”
In fact, Zea Tongeman has taken the idea of recycling seriously and hopes all her fellow beings would give it a serious thought. This teen girl from the United Kingdom has made use of computer programming to create her own app that would encourage people to go recycling for a better world.
4．What is “Little Miss Geek Day” intended to do?
A．To introduce some young women.
B．To inspire people to go recycling.
C．To encourage students to create more careers.
D．To get girls interested and involved in technology.
5．How does “Jazzy Recycling” appeal to the young?
A．It combines recycling with fun.
B．It offers money to those who recycle.
C．It raises their awareness of waste disposal.
D．It provides varieties of convenient services.
6．What can be inferred from Paragraph 5?
A．Technology does more harm than good.
B．Zea shows interest in computer science.
C．Zea has changed her ideas about technology.
D．Zea used to think technology was of little use.
7．What can we learn from Tongeman’s story?
A．Teenagers have a talent for creating apps.
B．Technology plays a significant role in education.
C．Competitions inspire teenagers to achieve success.
D．Youngsters can make a difference in their own ways.
Sleeping on a rocking surface improves people’s sleep quality and memory consolidation (巩固) by certain oscillations (摇摆) in the brain which happen at the same time, according to a study.
The findings add to existing evidence that rocking is good for human sleep. “Our volunteers — even if they were al good sleepers — fell asleep more rapidly when rocked and had longer periods of deep sleep associated with fewer awakenings during the night,” study coauthor Laurence Bayer says. “We thus show that rocking is conducive to sleep.”
The team persuaded 18 healthy young adults to sleep three nights in the lab: one night to get accustomed to sleeping there, and then two nights in which data were collected, one on a bed that was gently rocked and the other on a settled bed. Participants slept more deeply and for longer periods when sleeping on a rocking bed, and memory tests performed in the morning showed that the movement was associated with improved recall of word pairs learned the night before.
The effects appear to be related to the way in which rocking influences brain activity, the authors note in their paper. The data showed that rhythmic rocking movements helped make certain neural (神经的) oscillations at the same time.
A second study explores how rocking influences sleep in mice — and finds similar effects. As in humans, rocking reduced the time it took for mice to fall asleep and increased sleep time, although, unlike humans, the mice did not appear to sleep more deeply when rocked than when they were sleeping on a fixed surface.
The study also found evidence for the involvement of sensory systems: Experiments with mice lacking functioning monolithic organs, which contribute to a sense of balance, showed that the organs were necessary for the animals to get the beneficial effects of rocking.
The findings from the two papers “are extremely important,” the University of California, Irvine’s Bryce Mander says. “Before these papers, both the mechanisms and the functional importance of the association between vestibular-related rocking and sleep were completely unknown.”
“The findings could lead to treatment choices for people suffering from sleeplessness and other sleep-related diseases,” Bayer adds. “This is probably a very promising way of doing clinical research in the future.”
8．What does the underlined word “conducive” mean?
A．Harmful. B．Necessary. C．Beneficial. D．Available.
9．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．The findings have been used in many fields.
B．Bayer thinks that the findings are significant.
C．The findings will help people increase memory.
D．Bayer used the findings to cure patients with sleeplessness.
10．What is the best title for this passage?
A．Rocking Improves Sleep and Memory
B．Choosing Rocking Beds Is the Best Choice
C．Sleeping on a Rocking Bed Is Good for Health
D．A Good Sleep Is Closely Connected with the Memory
11．What’s the structure of the passage?
A． B．
C． D．
Many animals use camouflage (伪装) to make them harder to see. Hunters do this so that the animals they want to eat don’t see them and run away. And prey animals, such as deer and zebra, use camouflage to avoid being eaten. But why do large cats have such different patterns? Lions don’t have any spots at all, but cheetahs have small black spots. While tigers have large black stripes and orange fur, leopards and jaguars have much more complicated patterns of spots.
Will Allen at the University of Bristol is interested in this question. For his PhD in vision science, he decided to study large cats to try to find out the reasons for these different patterns. Will says that, to find the answer, he also needed to talk to scientists from many different fields, such as psychology, biology, engineering and computer science. Experts from each of these areas of science helped him with his work.
Earlier studies had shown that camouflage was more common among cats that lived in forests. But Will says that these studies didn’t explain why a leopard’s spots are different from a cheetah’s spots, for example. He decided to use a mathematical technique called “reaction-diffusion”. This allowed him to play with different patterns on a computer screen and produce exact matches for different animals. In this way, he could compare camouflage patterns with the animals’ behavior and habitat much more accurately.
His results help to explain the differences. Will says that there is a clear connection between patterns and environment. Cats in forests with lots of trees and plants have more complicated patterns than cats which live in areas without lots of trees. And cats that spend more time in trees have more irregular patterns than cats that hunt at night. Will explains that a cat’s camouflage depends on where it lives and how it hunts. Evolution has created the most suitable pattern for each particular hunter. Will’s studies mean we can look at a big cat’s fur and predict its habitat and lifestyle.
12．What’s the function of camouflage according to paragraph 1?
A．To act as cats. B．To hide them from others.
C．To avoid prey animals. D．To scare hunters away.
13．What determines a cat’s camouflage concerning Will’s findings?
A．Its sleeping patterns. B．Its different enemies.
C．Its habitat and hunting ways. D．Its complicated environment.
14．What can we learn about Will?
A．The whole study was completed all by himself.
B．“Reaction-diffusion” technique was applied in his study.
C．He failed to explain why cats have different patterns in his study.
D．He found camouflage was more common among domestic cats.
15．What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A．The findings of Will’s study. B．The methods of Will’s study.
C．The disadvantages of Will’s study. D．The application of Will’s study.
二、七选五
Lighten up with Laughter Yoga
They say that laughter is the best medicine. 16 And it even helps protect you against a heart attack. Imagine being able to get al of these benefits even when there isn’t much to laugh about.
Young children don’t feel self-conscious about laughing, but when do older people laugh? Usually only when we see or hear something funny. How would you feel if you saw an adult laughing at nothing? 17
However, Dr Madan Kataria from Mumbai in India thinks that we should all make more effort to laugh, especially if we don’t really feel like laughing. 18 This means that it’s possible to get all the benefits of genuine laughter just by pretending to laugh.
19 It is a system which combines the breathing techniques of yoga with a series of exercises designed to stimulate the laughter muscles. These activities make the body produce the natural effects of real laughter and have already helped thousands of people of al ages and fitness levels.
Former clown (丑角) Ana Banana was delighted to find a therapy that separates laughter from humour. Because her job was to make other people laugh, the jokes weren’t funny for her and she didn’t often laugh herself. 20 After reading Dr Kataria’s book, Ana tried practising making the sounds of laughter. Eventually this became genuine laughter and years later she practises daily. She says, “For me, it’s an anti-depressive that has no adverse side-effects. It’s free, liberating and gives me an incredible sense of well-being.”
A．Laughter can relieve stress, reduce pain.
B．Dr Kataria then developed Laughter Yoga.
C．So try your best to laugh as much as possible.
D．Older people make loud noise when they laugh.
E．You’d probably think that they were a bit strange and try to avoid them.
F．A serious illness left Ana severely depressed until she discovered Laughter Yoga.
G．He discovered that our bodies can’t tell the difference between a real laugh and a false one.
三、完形填空
Every year I’d read over 2,000 college applications from students all over the world. It is quite 21 to choose whom to admit. 22 , in the chaos of SAT scores and recommendations, one 23 is always appealing in a candidate: kindness.
The most surprising 24 of kindness I’ve ever 25 came from a student who had excellent scores and a supportive recommendation from his college counselor (顾问). Even with these qualifications, he might not have 26 . But one letter of recommendation 27 my eye. It was from a school security 28 . Letters of recommendation are typically written by people like former presidents, celebrities, and Olympic athletes.
The security guard wrote that he supported this student’s 29 because of his consideration. This young man was the only person in the school who knew the names of every member of the guard staff and consistently 30 them each morning. He turned off lights and tidied up the classroom after his peers left school 31 nobody was watching. This student, the security guard wrote, 32 respect for every person at the school, regardless of position, popularity or power.
It gave us a 33 into a student’s life in the moments when nothing “counted”. That student was admitted by unanimous (一致的) vote of the admissions committee.
Next year there might be a flood of security guard recommendations 34 this essay. But if it means students will start paying as much 35 to the people who clean their classrooms as they do to their principals and teachers, I’m happy to help start that trend.
21．A．defensive B．difficult C．delicate D．distant
22．A．However B．Otherwise C．Besides D．Therefore
23．A．nationality B．quality C．mobility D．responsibility
24．A．signal B．image C．appearance D．indication
25．A．permitted B．wrote C．found D．brought
26．A．set up B．stood out C．broke out D．sped up
27．A．linked B．caught C．mixed D．broadened
28．A．guard B．teacher C．principal D．counselor
29．A．reflection B．reaction C．expression D．admission
30．A．commented B．answered C．impressed D．thanked
31．A．as if B．now that C．even if D．so that
32．A．got B．applied C．showed D．bet
33．A．credit B．trouble C．method D．window
34．A．due to B．in need of C．except for D．along with
35．A．money B．notice C．attention D．curiosity
四、用单词的适当形式完成句子
36． the click of a mouse or the touch of a button, it is possible to find out almost anything we care to know, from recipes to travel packages.(用适当的词填空)
37．No wonder the internet has now become the first place the majority of people turn to for information. (用适当的词填空)
38．With more knowledge comes deeper, more wonderful mystery, inspiring one to look deeper still. (用适当的词填空)
39．While the Internet brings many advantages, (connect) has its problems. (所给词的适当形式填空)
40．I went out for a run and the details of the scene (reveal) in front of me. (所给词的适当形式填空)
41．Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People’s Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prize, (award) for her contribution to the fight against malaria. （所给词的适当形式填空）
42．Perhaps the next generation of scientists, drawing on the wisdom of traditional Chinese medicine, (discover) more medicines beneficial to global health care. (所给词的适当形式填空)
43．When a scientist doesn’t know the answer to a problem, he is (ignorance). (所给词的适当形式填空)
44．With pleasure, I remember the lazy Sunday afternoons I used to spend in the warmth of my grandma’s flat, (greedy) eating bowl after bowl of her delicious rice pudding. (所给词的适当形式填空)
45．With eyes no longer fixed on our phones, we had a chance (enjoy) each other’s company. (所给词的适当形式填空)
五、推荐信
46．假如你是李华，你的美国笔友David准备组织一个“了解中国传统美食（Into Chinese traditional cuisine）”的活动，写信向你求助。请你给他回信，内容包括：
1. 推荐某一种中国传统美食（比如：饺子、粽子或南京盐水鸭等）；
2. 推荐理由；
3. 建议活动形式。
参考词汇：饺子 Dumplings 粽子 Zongzi 南京盐水鸭 Nanjing salted duck
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear David,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last March, Margarito drove to visit his mother who lived in the countryside. When he set off for home, Margarito’s mother looked at the dark sky and noticed the sign of a coming storm. Worried about her son’s safety, she told him to drive as carefully as possible on his way home and he promised to give her a call upon his arrival.
With his mother’s words in mind, Margarito approached the main road carefully. Soon, it started to rain heavily. Eager to get home, Margarito began to drive faster. Two hours later, he came to a bumpy mountain road that had been flooded by a creek (小溪). Margarito, driving a four-wheel drive truck, figured that he would be OK. At that moment, he didn’t realize that such a thought would be a big mistake.
It was halfway across the creek that an unfortunate incident took place: The rushing waters grabbed hold of his vehicle, pushing it off the road and sending it down a rocky creek bed. The truck finally stopped some 80 feet away. Margarito’s problems only grew from there as the water had somehow positioned the truck into the creek bank at a 45-degree angle, making it difficult for him to open the driver’s side door. Injured and trapped inside with the muddy water rising quickly, Margarito was certain he was going to die. Shaking with fear, he was at a loss about what to do.
On the road right behind Margarito were a delivery worker named Steve and his nephew Mike, who were on the way to deliver furniture to customers in the countryside. They witnessed the horrible incident, and when Margarito’s truck came to rest in the middle of the overflowing creek, Steve quickly began to take action. First, he grabbed a rope from the back of his vehicle and used it to ensure he could safely approach the truck.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Next, he turned to Mike and yelled, “Give me a rock!”
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Margarito was about to thank Steve and Mike when the mobile phone in his jacket pocket rang.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．B 2．D 3．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。6月5日是世界环境日。为了推广简单、健康、低碳的生活方式，中国日报社和江苏省无锡市政府联合主办了2022国际漫画插画展，本文介绍了参赛的细节。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“To promote a simple, healthy, low-carbon lifestyle, “China Daily” and the government of Wuxi, Jiangsu province, are holding this year’s International Cartoon and Illustration Exhibition. (为了推广简单、健康、低碳的生活方式，《中国日报》和江苏省无锡市政府共同举办了今年的国际漫画插画展。)”、第二段“The exhibition is open to art lovers, cartoonists, and illustrators worldwide. (该展览向世界各地的艺术爱好者、漫画家和插画家开放。)”和第三段“Prizes will be presented in six categories: Gold, Silver, Bronze, Outstanding, Shortlisted, and Popular.(奖项将分为六个类别：金奖、银奖、铜奖、杰出奖、入围奖和大众奖。)”可知，本公告包括了组织者、目标参与者和奖项，B项“裁判”没有提到。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“The works should reflect the impacts of global climate change on society and everyday life and how the human race is dealing with climate change problems. The works should also promote environmental protection, a green lifestyle and harmony between humans and nature. (作品应反映全球气候变化对社会和日常生活的影响，以及人类如何应对气候变化问题。作品还应促进环境保护、绿色生活方式以及人与自然的和谐。)”可推断，人们实施退耕还林工程适合作为投稿内容。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据第三段“The winner of Outstanding, Shortlisted and popular awards will receive souvenirs in addition to certificates. (优秀奖、入围奖和受欢迎奖的得奖者除获颁证书，还可获赠纪念品。)”可知，如果你赢了，你肯定会得到证书。故选C。
4．D 5．A 6．C 7．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个14岁的英国少女Zea Tongeman创建了一个把回收和享受乐趣结合在一起的应用程序，鼓励人们为一个更好的世界回收资源。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Zea was really inspired when she attended “Little Miss Geek Day”, an event that aims at making technology more accessible and appealing to young women and inspiring them to consider technology careers.(Zea在参加“Little Miss Geek Day”活动时深受启发，该活动旨在让年轻女性更容易接触和吸引科技，并鼓励她们考虑从事科技行业)”可知，Little Miss Geek Day的目的是让年轻女性接触科技并鼓励她们从事科技事业。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段“The “Jazzy Recycling” application is designed to encourage young people to recycle more, which wins the favor of the youth. It turns waste disposal into a game and helps you find places to recycle. Then you scan what you need to recycle, share it, and get rewards such as shopping vouchers (代金券) and games to be unlocked for what you have recycled.(“Jazzy Recycling”应用旨在鼓励年轻人多回收，受到年轻人的青睐。它把垃圾处理变成一个游戏，并帮助你找到回收的地方。然后你可以浏览需要回收的内容，分享它们，并获得购物券和游戏等奖励)”可知，Jazzy Recycling吸引年轻人是因为它把回收和有趣的事结合起来。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据第五段“Zea explains why she is addicted to the Internet and how technology has changed her, “I used to think technology was just fixing computers and using smartphones; I have become very tired from just using what is available. I have discovered another side to it — I can make technology of my own.”(Zea解释了她沉迷于互联网的原因以及科技如何改变了她，“我曾经认为科技只是修理电脑和使用智能手机;我已经厌倦了仅仅使用可用的东西。我发现了它的另一面——我可以自己制造技术。”)”可推断，Zea已经改变了她对技术的看法。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据第一段“Zea Tongeman, a 14-year-old student, who is crazy about the Internet, applied technology to create an application that encourages people to recycle while having fun.(14岁的学生Zea Tongeman痴迷于互联网，她应用技术创建了一款应用程序，鼓励人们在享受乐趣的同时回收资源)”和最后一段的“This teen girl from the United Kingdom has made use of computer programming to create her own app that would encourage people to go recycling for a better world.(这位来自英国的少女利用计算机编程创建了自己的应用程序，该应用程序将鼓励人们为一个更美好的世界去回收资源)”可知，通过Zea Tongeman的故事我们知道了，青少年用他们自己的方式来影响周围的人和世界。故选D。
8．C 9．B 10．A 11．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，该研究表明，睡在摇晃的表面上可以提高人们的睡眠质量，并通过大脑中同时发生的某些振荡来巩固记忆。
8．词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文“The findings add to existing evidence that rocking is good for human sleep. “Our volunteers — even if they were all good sleepers — fell asleep more rapidly when rocked and had longer periods of deep sleep associated with fewer awakenings during the night,” study coauthor Laurence Bayer says.(这一发现进一步证实了摇晃对人类睡眠有益的现有证据。研究的合著者Laurence Bayer说：“我们的志愿者——即使他们都是很好的睡眠者——在摇晃时入睡更快，深度睡眠时间更长，夜间醒来的次数也更少。”)”可知，摇晃使得人们入睡更快，深度睡眠时间更长，夜间醒来的次数也更少，由此可知，摇晃对人们的睡眠有好处。所以conducive为“有益的”之意。选项A“Harmful (有害的)”；选项B“Necessary (有必要的)”；选项C“Beneficial (有益的)”；选项D“Available (可利用的)”。故选C。
9．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““The findings could lead to treatment choices for people suffering from sleeplessness and other sleep-related diseases,” Bayer adds. “This is probably a very promising way of doing clinical research in the future.”(Bayer补充说：“这些发现可能会为患有失眠和其他睡眠相关疾病的人提供治疗选择。这可能是未来进行临床研究的一种非常有前途的方式。”)”可推断出，Bayer认为这项发现可能会为患有失眠和其他睡眠相关疾病的人提供治疗选择，是非常重要的。故选B。
10．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Sleeping on a rocking surface improves people’s sleep quality and memory consolidation (巩固) by certain oscillations (摇摆) in the brain which happen at the same time, according to a study. (一项研究表明，睡在摇晃的表面上可以提高人们的睡眠质量，并通过大脑中同时发生的某些振荡来巩固记忆。)”以及第二段“The findings add to existing evidence that rocking is good for human sleep. “Our volunteers — even if they were all good sleepers — fell asleep more rapidly when rocked and had longer periods of deep sleep associated with fewer awakenings during the night,” study coauthor Laurence Bayer says.(这一发现进一步证实了摇晃对人类睡眠有益的现有证据。研究的合著者Laurence Bayer说：“我们的志愿者——即使他们都是很好的睡眠者——在摇晃时入睡更快，深度睡眠时间更长，夜间醒来的次数也更少。”)”可知，文章主要介绍了一项研究发现结果，该研究表明睡在摇晃的表面上可以提高人们的睡眠质量，并通过大脑中同时发生的某些振荡来巩固记忆，A项“摇晃改善睡眠和记忆力”符合文意。故选A。
11．推理判断题。文章第一段“Sleeping on a rocking surface improves people’s sleep quality and memory consolidation (巩固) by certain oscillations (摇摆) in the brain which happen at the same time, according to a study. (一项研究表明，睡在摇晃的表面上可以提高人们的睡眠质量，并通过大脑中同时发生的某些振荡来巩固记忆。)”可知，第一段直接介绍了研究的结果。第二、三、四段主要讲述的是第一项实验，以及该实验的结果；第五、六段主要讲述的是第二项研究以及该研究的结果。文章最后两段则讲述了该研究的重要性。故选A。
12．B 13．C 14．B 15．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，该研究主要关于大型猫科动物有不同的图案的原因。
12．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Many animals use camouflage (伪装) to make them harder to see.(许多动物使用伪装来使自己不易被发现。)”可知，动物用伪装来隐藏自己不被发现。故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Will says that there is a clear connection between patterns and environment. Cats in forests with lots of trees and plants have more complicated patterns than cats which live in areas without lots of trees. And cats that spend more time in trees have more irregular patterns than cats that hunt at night. Will explains that a cat’s camouflage depends on where it lives and how it hunts. (Will说，模式和环境之间有明显的联系。生活在有很多树木和植物的森林里的猫科动物比生活在没有很多树木的地区的猫科动物有更复杂的图案。花更多时间在树上的猫科动物比晚上捕猎的猫科动物有更多的不规则图案。Will解释说，猫科动物的伪装取决于它生活的地方和捕食的方式。)”可知，猫科动物的伪装取决于它生活的地方和捕食的方式。故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“He decided to use a mathematical technique called “reaction-diffusion”. This allowed him to play with different patterns on a computer screen and produce exact matches for different animals.(他决定使用一种叫做“反应扩散”的数学技术。这使他能够在电脑屏幕上玩不同的图案，并为不同的动物产生精确的匹配。)”可知，Will在研究中使用了一种叫做“反应扩散”的数学技术。故选B。
15．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“His results help to explain the differences. Will says that there is a clear connection between patterns and environment. Cats in forests with lots of trees and plants have more complicated patterns than cats which live in areas without lots of trees. And cats that spend more time in trees have more irregular patterns than cats that hunt at night. Will explains that a cat’s camouflage depends on where it lives and how it hunts. Evolution has created the most suitable pattern for each particular hunter. Will’s studies mean we can look at a big cat’s fur and predict its habitat and lifestyle.(他的研究结果有助于解释这些差异。Will说，模式和环境之间有明显的联系。生活在有很多树木和植物的森林里的猫科动物比生活在没有很多树木的地区的猫科动物有更复杂的图案。花更多时间在树上的猫科动物比晚上捕猎的猫科动物有更多的不规则图案。Will解释说，猫科动物的伪装取决于它生活的地方和捕食的方式。进化为每个特定的猎人创造了最合适的模式。Will的研究意味着我们可以通过观察大型猫科动物的皮毛来预测它们的栖息地和生活方式。)”可知，最后一段主要介绍了Will的研究结果。故选A。
16．A 17．E 18．G 19．B 20．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是通过练习大笑瑜伽来放松心情。
16．根据空后内容“And it even helps protect you against a heart attack.(它甚至可以帮助你防止心脏病发作。)”可知，下文讲述的是笑可以防止心脏病的发作。选项A“Laughter can relieve stress, reduce pain.(笑可以缓解压力，减少痛苦。)”讲述的是笑可以缓解压力。与下文一致，讲述的都是笑的好处。故选A。
17．根据上文内容“Young children don’t feel self-conscious about laughing, but when do older people laugh? Usually only when we see or hear something funny. How would you feel if you saw an adult laughing at nothing?(小孩子笑起来不会觉得难为情，但是当年纪大一些的人笑呢？通常只有当我们看到或听到有趣的事情时。如果你看到一个成年人无缘无故地大笑，你会作何感想？)”可知，上文讲述的是当人们看到小孩笑，都觉得很正常；并提出反问，询问成年人笑的时候，人们是什么感觉。选项E“You’d probably think that they were a bit strange and try to avoid them.(你可能会觉得他们有点奇怪，并试图避开他们。)”回答了上文的问题，指的是当你看到成年人笑的时候可能觉得奇怪。故选E。
18．根据空后内容“This means that it’s possible to get all the benefits of genuine laughter just by pretending to laugh.(这意味着我们可以通过假装笑来获得真正笑的所有好处。)”可知，假笑对身体也有好处。选项G“He discovered that our bodies can’t tell the difference between a real laugh and a false one.(他发现我们的身体无法分辨真笑和假笑。)”可知，身体无法分辨真笑假笑，从而引出下文，我们可以通过假装笑来获得真正笑的所有好处，G项中的He指代的就是上文的Dr Madan Kataria，故选G。
19．空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“It is a system which combines the breathing techniques of yoga with a series of exercises designed to stimulate the laughter muscles. These activities make the body produce the natural effects of real laughter and have already helped thousands of people of all ages and fitness levels.(这是一个将瑜伽的呼吸技巧与一系列旨在刺激笑肌的练习相结合的系统。这些活动使身体产生真正笑声的自然效果，并已经帮助了成千上万的不同年龄和健康水平的人。)”可知，下文主要讲述的是一个将瑜伽的呼吸技巧与一系列旨在刺激笑肌的练习相结合的系统。选项B“Dr Kataria then developed Laughter Yoga.( Kataria博士随后发展了大笑瑜伽。)”讲述的是Kataria博士随后发展了大笑瑜伽。而下文则重点解释了何为大笑瑜伽。故选B。
20．根据下文“After reading Dr Kataria’s book, Ana tried practising making the sounds of laughter. Eventually this became genuine laughter and years later she practises daily. She says, “For me, it’s an anti-depressive that has no adverse side-effects. It’s free, liberating and gives me an incredible sense of well-being.”(读了Kataria博士的书后，Anna试着练习发出笑声。最终，这变成了真正的笑声，多年以后，她每天都这样做。她说：“对我来说，这是一种没有副作用的抗抑郁药。它是免费的，解放的，给了我一种难以置信的幸福感。”)”可知，Anna受到了Kataria博士的书的启发，开始练习发出笑声，并由此有了幸福感。选项F“A serious illness left Ana severely depressed until she discovered Laughter Yoga.(一场严重的疾病让Anna非常沮丧，直到她发现了大笑瑜伽。)”解释了下文Anna练习大笑瑜伽的原因及效果。故选F。
21．B 22．A 23．B 24．D 25．C 26．B 27．B 28．A 29．D 30．D 31．C 32．C 33．D 34．A 35．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者每年都要审批来自世界各地的2000多份大学申请。要选择录取谁是相当困难的。然而，在SAT分数和推荐信的混乱中，候选人的一个品质总是不可抗拒的：善良。一名保安因为一名学生的体贴和尊重而写了一封推荐信。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：要选择录取谁是相当困难的。A. defensive防御的；B. difficult困难的；C. delicate脆弱的；D. distant遥远的。根据上文“Every year I’d read over 2,000 college applications from students all over the world”可知，申请人很多，所以要选择录取谁是相当困难的。故选B。
22．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在SAT分数和推荐信的混乱中，候选人的一个品质总是不可抗拒的：善良。A. However然而；B. Otherwise否则；C. Besides此外；D. Therefore因此。后文“is always appealing in a candidate”提到了不可抗拒的品质，与上文很难选择录取谁构成转折关系，应用however。故选A。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在SAT分数和推荐信的混乱中，候选人的一个品质总是不可抗拒的：善良。A. nationality国籍；B. quality品质；C. mobility流动性；D. responsibility责任。根据后文“is always irresistible in a candidate: kindness”可知，善良是一种品质。故选B。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现的最令人惊讶的善意来自一个成绩优异的学生，他的大学顾问给了他支持性的推荐信。A. signal信号；B. image图像；C. appearance外表；D. indication象征，指示。根据后文“came from a student who had excellent scores and a supportive recommendation from his college counselor”可知，一个成绩优异的学生，他的大学辅导员给了他支持性的推荐信，这是善良的象征。故选D。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现的最令人惊讶的善意来自一个成绩优异的学生，他的大学顾问给了他支持性的推荐信。A. permitted允许；B. wrote写；C. found发现；D. brought带来。根据下文“a student who had excellent scores and a supportive recommendation from his college counselor”可知，一个成绩优异的学生，他的大学辅导员给了他支持性的推荐信，这是作者发现的善良的行为。故选C。
26．考查动词短语辨析。句意：即使有这些资历，他也未必能脱颖而出。A. set up建立；B. stood out突出；C. broke out爆发；D. sped up加速。根据上文“Even with these qualifications, he might not have”可知，有了好的资历，按理说可以在申请人中脱颖而出，空格处是“突出”，故选B。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但有一封推荐信引起了我的注意。A. linked连接；B. caught吸引（注意或兴趣）；C. mixed混合；D. broadened拓宽。根据下文“It was from a school security ____8___”可知，作者注意到了那封推荐信，catch one’s eye是固定短语，意为“吸引某人的注意”。故选B。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：来自学校保安。A. guard保安；B. teacher老师；C. principal校长；D. counselor顾问。根据后文“The security guard wrote”可知，信来自学校保安。故选A。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：保安写道，因为他的体贴，他支持这个学生能被录取。A. reflection反映；B. reaction反应；C. expression表达；D. admission录取。根据倒数第二段的“That student was admitted by unanimous (一致的) vote of the admissions committee”可知，保安支持这个学生能够被录取。故选D。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个年轻人是学校里唯一一个知道所有警卫人员名字的人，而且每天早上都向他们表示感谢。A. commented评论；B. answered回答；C. impressed使留下深刻印象；D. thanked感谢。根据上文“This young man was the only person in the school who knew the names of every member of the guard staff”可知，学生很有礼貌，记得所有保安的名字，每天早上感谢保安，故选D。
31．考查固定短语辨析。句意：同学们离开学校后，即使没有人看着，他也会关灯、打扫教室。A. as if好像；B. now that既然；C. even if即使；D. so that以便于。结合上文“He turned off lights and tidied up the classroom”和下文“nobody was watching”可知，即使没有人看着，他也会关灯、打扫教室，引导让步状语从句，表示“即使”应用even if。故选C。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：保安写道，这名学生对学校里的每一个人都表现出尊重，无论职位、受欢迎程度或权力。A. got得到；B. applied应用；C. showed表现出；D. bet打赌。根据下文“respect for every person”可知，是对每个人表现出尊敬。故选C。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它为我们打开了一扇窗，让我们一窥学生生活中那些“无足轻重”的时刻。A. credit信用；B. trouble麻烦；C. method方法；D. window窗户。根据后文“into a student’s life”可知，指打开一扇窗，让我们看到学生生活中那些“无足轻重”的时刻，故选D。
34．考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于这篇文章，明年可能会有大量的保安推荐。A. due to因为；B. in need of需要；C. except for除了；D. along with和……一起。根据上文“That student was admitted by unanimous (一致的) vote of the admissions committee”，“Next year there might be a flood of security guard recommendations”和下文“this essay”可知，那个学生因为保安的推荐信而被录取了，所以因为这封推荐信，明年可能会有大量的保安推荐。故选A。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但如果这意味着学生们开始像关注校长和老师一样关注打扫教室的人，我很乐意帮助开启这一趋势。A. money钱；B. notice通知；C. attention注意力；D. curiosity好奇心。根据后文“to the people who clean their classrooms”指关注打扫教室的人，短语pay attention to表示“注意”。故选C。
36．With
【详解】考查介词。句意：只要轻点鼠标或按一下按钮，几乎任何我们想知道的东西都可以查到，从食谱到旅游套餐。名词click 前用介词形式。表示“用”用介词with。根据句意，故填With。
37．that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：难怪互联网现在已经成为大多数人转向获取信息的首选 。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰the first place，从句中缺少宾语，且先行词由序数词修饰，故用关系代词that引导限制性定语从句，故填that。
38．a
【详解】考查冠词。句意：随着知识的增长，一个更深刻、更奇妙的谜团也随之而来，激励人们去更深入地看问题。此处mystery为泛指且deeper是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
39．being connected
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然互联网带来了许多优点，但连接也有其问题。空格处作主语，应用动名词的某种形式，动词connect和其逻辑主语the Internet 之间为被动关系，应用动名词的被动语态。故填being connected。
40．were revealed
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：我出去跑步，现场的细节展现在我面前。根据并列连词and前时态可知，用一般过去时。主语the details of the scene为复数，与reveal之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。根据句意，故填were revealed。
41．awarded
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：屠呦呦成为中华人民共和国首位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家，以表彰她在抗击疟疾方面的贡献。分析句子可知，空处为非谓语动词在句子中作状语，逻辑主语Tu Youyou与award构成逻辑上的被动关系，空处用过去分词。故填awarded。
42．will discover
【详解】考查时态。句意：也许下一代的科学家，利用传统医学的智慧，会发现更多有利于全球医疗保健的药物。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少谓语动词。表示将要发生的事情，用一般将来时。根据句意，故填will discover。
43．ignorant
【详解】考查形容词。句意：当一个科学家不知道问题的答案时，他是无知的。分析句子结构可知，空处需用形容词作表语；ignorance对应的形容词为ignorant“无知的”。故填ignorant。
44．greedily
【详解】考查副词。句意：我愉快地回忆起那个慵懒的周日下午，我常待在奶奶温暖的公寓里，听她讲精彩的故事，贪婪地吃着她一碗又一碗美味的米饭布丁。分析句子可知，此处修饰动词eating，作状语，需用副词greedily。故填greedily。
45．to enjoy
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：眼睛不再盯着手机，我们有机会享受彼此的陪伴。have a chance to do sth.有做某事的机会，不定式作后置定语。根据句意，故填to enjoy。
46．Dear David,
Hearing you meet some difficulty when planning to hold an activity called Into Chinese traditional cuisine, I’m writing to recommend Zongzi to you.
Zongzi enjoys great popularity for its special flavor of reed leaves. Besides, its diverse fillings, such as meat, peanut, egg yolk, cater to people’s different needs. To hold the activity successfully, it is advisable to engage all your classmates in making it. I believe every one of you will enjoy the process!
Hope my suggestion will be helpful and wish you every success in your activity.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的推荐信。要求考生向美国笔友David写信，向其推荐一种中国传统美食，以帮助他进行一个“了解中国传统美食”的活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
计划：plan → intend
此外：besides → what’s more
各种各样的：diverse → various/a variety of
有帮助的：be helpful → be of help
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：To hold the activity successfully, it is advisable to engage all your classmates in making it.
拓展句：If you want to hold the activity successfully, it is advisable to engage all your classmates in making it.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Hearing you meet some difficulty when planning to hold an activity called Into Chinese traditional cuisine, I’m writing to recommend Zongzi to you. (运用了现在分词作状语，过去分词作定语和省略引导词that的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】I believe every one of you will enjoy the process! (运用了省略引导词that的宾语从句)
47． Next, he turned to Mike and yelled, “Give me a rock!” With the rock, he hit the window over and over but had little success. Steve then shouted to Margarito to move away from the window. He balanced himself on the truck, leaned back and threw the rock at the window. Finally, the glass broke and Steve kicked in the remaining pieces of glass. Relieved, Margarito reached out for Steve’s hand and was rescued. The two men escaped and returned to safety.
Margarito was about to thank Steve and Mike when the mobile phone in his jacket pocket rang. With trembling hands, Margarito took out the phone and pressed it to his ear. His mother’s anxious voice came over the phone, “Are you home yet? Everything’s good?” Tears welled up in his eyes at the familiar sound of concern. Margarito choked up as he explained the accident to his mom and comforted her. Hanging up the phone, he turned to Steve and Mike and sincerely thanked both of them. Cold as the rain was, great warmth filled his heart like never before.
【导语】本文以玛格丽托开车去看望住在乡下的母亲为线索展开，讲述了去年3月，玛格丽托去看望住在乡下的母亲，返程途中遭遇到了暴风雨，他的车被卡在山路上的一条小溪中间，他受伤了并被困在里面，这时，送货员史蒂夫和他的侄子迈克目睹了这可怕的一幕，他们把玛格丽托从车里救了出来。玛格丽托对两位营救他的恩人非常感激。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“接着，他转向迈克喊道：“给我一块石头！”。”可知，第一段可描写送货员史蒂夫看到玛格丽托被困在车里，立刻想到了必须马上用石头砸破车窗户，把玛格丽托营救出来，详细叙述他营救玛格丽托的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“玛格丽托正要感谢史蒂夫和迈克，这时他夹克口袋里的手机响了。”可知，第二段可描写玛格丽托被救后接到了他母亲的电话，电话中他向母亲讲述了刚才自己经历的惊险一幕，挂断电话后，玛格丽托向史蒂夫和迈克表达的真诚的感谢之情。
2.续写线索：史蒂夫砸车窗——玛格丽托获救——玛格丽托接到母亲电话——玛格丽托表达感谢
3.词汇激活
行为类
①喊叫：shout / yell out
②营救，得救：rescue /save
③解释：explain /interpret/illustrate
情绪类
①焦急的：anxious / worried
②真诚地：sincerely /honestly
【点睛】【高分句型1】
Margarito choked up as he explained the accident to his mom and comforted her.(运用了as引导的时间状语从句)
【高分句型2】
Cold as the rain was, great warmth filled his heart like never before. (运用了形容词+as +主语+系动词倒装句型)
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