精品解析：2023年江苏省南京外国语学校仙林分校中考三模英语试题（解析版）

这是一份精品解析：2023年江苏省南京外国语学校仙林分校中考三模英语试题（解析版），共23页。试卷主要包含了单选填空，完型填空，阅读理解，词汇，阅读填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

南外仙林2023年中考适应性测试
英语
一、单选填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
1. Our own aircraft, C919 successfully landed at Beijing Capital Airport ________ the afternoon of May 28, 2023.
A on B. in C. at D. for
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：2023年5月28日下午，我们自己的飞机C919在北京首都机场成功降落。
考查介词辨析。on后接具体某一天或具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上；in后接年、月、季节等或泛指的上午、下午、晚上；at后接具体时刻；for后接一段时间。题干中“the afternoon of May 28, 2023”指具体一天的下午，应用介词on。故选A。
2. —I need to buy a silk dress. The temperature will be much ________ tomorrow.
— Yes. Summer is coming.
A. higher B. lower C. colder D. warmer
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——我需要买一件丝绸连衣裙。明天的气温会高得多。——是的。夏天来了。
考查词汇辨析。higher更高的；lower更低的；colder更冷的；warmer更暖和的。temperature“温度”，表示温度的高低用higher/lower，排除CD选项。结合“Summer is coming.”可知，温度变高了。故选A。
3. The coronation(加冕) of Charles III was a more modest size than of the late Queen Elizabeth, with far fewer guests in Westminster Abbey(威斯敏斯特大教堂) and a march back to Buckingham Palace which only covered about a quarter of the distance compared to 1953.
A. it B. that C. one D. this
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：查理三世的加冕典礼规模比已故伊丽莎白女王的加冕典礼要小得多，威斯敏斯特大教堂的宾客要少得多，而返回白金汉宫的游行距离与1953年相比只有四分之一左右。
考查指示代词。it它；that那个；one一个；this这个。在比较结构中，that指代可数名词单数（相当于the one）或不可数名词，在该句中特指the coronation f the late Queen Elizabeth“已故伊丽莎白女王的加冕典礼”，故选B。
4. Elon Musk spoke highly of China Space that “The China space program is far more advanced than most people realize.” ________ he arrived in China last week.
A. until B. as soon as C. unless D. because
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：埃隆·马斯克上周一到中国就高度评价中国航天，称“中国的航天计划远比大多数人意识到的要先进”。
考查连词辨析。until直到；as soon as一……就……；unless除非；because因为。分析句子可知，此处指马斯克一到中国就高度称赞中国航天，故用as soon as引导时间状语从句。故选B。
5. The weather is changeable these days. It rainy and cloudy in the past few days. I hope that tomorrow will be a sunny day.
A. will be B. is C. has been D. was
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：这些天天气多变，过去几天一直阴雨连绵。我希望明天是个阳光明媚的日子。
考查现在完成时。根据时间状语“in the past few days”可知，句子是现在完成时，即have/has+过去分词，且主语是第三人称单数，故选C。
6. —Daniel, you spread the books all over the floor. It is a rule.
—Sorry, I won’t.
A. couldn’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. wouldn’t
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——丹尼尔，你不准把书弄得满地都是。这是规定。——对不起，我不会了。
考查情态动词。couldn’t不能，表示能力；needn’t不需要，表示义务；mustn’t不准，表示禁止；wouldn’t不肯，表示意愿。根据“you … spread the books all over the floor. It is a rule.”可知，不准把书弄得满地都是，这是一条规定。故选C。
7. —Is there any new movie on at the cinema?
—Yes. ________ the film Godspeed(《人生路不熟》) and Guardians of the Galaxy Vol.3 are wonderful. You can choose ________ of them to see.
A. Both; neither B. None; each C. All; none D. Both; either
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——电影院有新电影上映吗？——是的。电影《人生路不熟》和《银河护卫队3》都很棒。你可以选择其中任意一个去看。
考查不定代词。both两者都；neither两者都不；none没有一个；each每一个；all三者及三者以上都；either两者中的任何一个。根据“... the film Godspeed(《人生路不熟》) and Guardians of the Galaxy Vol.3 are wonderful. You can choose ... of them to see.”可知，这两个电影都很棒，第一空用both；可以选择两个中的任意一个去看，第二空用either。故选D。
8. Life often ________ to be harder than we expect. We should be prepared for the worst.
A. works out B. breaks out C. turns out D. runs out
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：生活往往比我们预想的要更艰难。我们应该做好最坏的打算。
考查动词短语。works out解决；breaks out爆发；turns out结果是；runs out用完。根据“Life often...to be harder than we expect”可知生活结果会比预想的要更艰难。故选C。
9. Learning English in a classroom is important, while using English in real ________ will improve your English skills greatly.
A. positions B. events C. situations D. experiences
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：在教室里学习英语很重要，而在真实情景中使用英语会大大提高你的英语技能。
考查名词辨析。positions位置；events事件；situations情况；experiences经历。根据“using English in real...will improve your English skills greatly.”可知，此处指在真实情景中使用英语，situations符合句意。故选C。
10. —Time is running out, isn’t it?
—Well, we have twenty minutes to finish the puzzle, no more and no less.
A. usually B. quickly C. exactly D. nearly
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——时间不多了，不是吗？——好吧，我们刚好有二十分钟的时间来完成这个谜题，不多也不少。
考查副词辨析。usually通常；quickly快速地；exactly精确地、确切地；nearly几乎。根据“no more and no less”可知，时间不多不少，正好二十分钟。故选C。
11. Liu Fengjun, the final assembly inspector(总装检验员)of Shenzhou VI. is like a scanner. He checks every step again and again. In his opinion, quality check is something extremely important. Just as the saying goes, ________.
A. Every dog has its day B. Don’t put all the eggs in one basket
C. Actions speak louder than words D. You can’t be too careful
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：神舟六号总装检验员刘凤军就像一台扫描仪。他一遍又一遍地检查每一步。在他看来，质量检查是一件极其重要的事情。正如俗话所说，你再小心也不为过。
考查谚语。Every dog has its day风水轮流转；Don’t put all the eggs in one basket不要孤注一掷；Actions speak louder than words事实胜于雄辩；You can’t be too careful再小心也不为过。根据“He checks every step again and again. In his opinion, quality check is something extremely important.”可知，他一遍一遍地检查每个步骤，即再小心也不为过。故选D。
12. Which of the following sentences has the same sentence structure as “We all made David our monitor.”?
A. I bought my sister a present last Thursday. B. We all think Lionel Messi a great footballer.
C. My parents offer me everything. D. I wish we all have a bright future.
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：以下哪句话的句子结构与“我们都让大卫当班长”相同？
考查基本句型。“We all made David our monitor.”句型是“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”。“I bought my sister a present last Thursday.”句型是“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”；“We all think Lionel Messi a great footballer.”句型是“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”；“My parents offer me everything.”句型是“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”；“I wish we all have a bright future.”句型是“主语+谓语+宾语从句”，属于复合句。故选B。

13. Which of the following sentences has an object clause?
A. Those who cannot defeat you will make you stronger.
B. I will go travelling alone after I graduate.
C. I think it’s fun to learn foreign languages.
D I choose white because it matches any other color.
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：下列哪个句子有宾语从句？
考查宾语从句。Those who cannot defeat you will make you stronger.“那些不能打败你的，终将会让你更强大。”，其中“who cannot defeat you”是定语从句，修饰先行词who；I will go travelling alone after I graduate.“毕业后我将独自旅行。”，其中“after I graduate”是时间状语从句；I think it’s fun to learn foreign languages.“我认为学习外语很有趣。”，其中“it’s fun to learn foreign languages”是宾语从句，省略了连接词that；I choose white because it matches any other color.“我选择白色是因为它和其他任何颜色都相配。”，其中“because it matches any other color”是原因状语从句。故选C。
14. —How do you like Michelle Yeoh’s speech to Harvard Law School Class of 2023?
— I can’t think too highly of it.
A. It’s not my cup of tea.
B. It all depends.
C. It’s really fantastic.
D. No one knows for certain.
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你觉得杨紫琼在哈佛法学院2023届的演讲怎么样？——真是太棒了，我认为再怎么高度评价都不为过。
考查情景交际。It’s not my cup of tea.“这不是我喜欢的。”；It all depends.“视情况而定。”；It’s really fantastic.“真是太棒了。”；No one knows for certain.“没有人确切知道。”。根据“I can’t think too highly of it.”可知，再怎么称赞也不为过，真的太棒了。故选C。
15. —Would you mind giving us students some advice?
—________. Stay loose and know your limits.
A. Of course not. B. Never mind. C. That’s all right. D. No way.
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你介意给我们学生一些建议吗？——当然不介意。保持放松，了解自己的极限。
考查情景交际。Of course not.当然不；Never mind.没关系；That’s all right.没关系；No way.没门。上文询问是否介意给学生意见，结合“Stay loose and know your limits.”可知，下文给出了意见，可知不介意。故选A。
二、完型填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。
It is not always easy to discover yourself. From a young age, I had a strong sense of who I would become—but an accident ____16____ everything.
To me, skating was more important than anything else in the world. Nothing else filled my heart with so much joy. I spent 24 hours a week ____17____ my skills. I had no social life or interests other than skating. But I was rewarded with first place medals in nearly every ____18____.
Unfortunately, during one competition, I fell and was ____19____ hurt. The doctor told me that I couldn’t skate anymore. The pain in my back was hard to bear and even basic daily tasks became ____20____.
My passion (激情) had been ____21____. I lost heart and had no idea what I would become. After eight months of suffering, something had to change. ____22____ sitting around and wasting my days, I began to work with local community service projects. By volunteering as a swimming teacher and summer reading assistant (助教) for kids, I got a(n) ____23____ of who I wanted to become. After a few months, I found a new interest. Little by little, I stepped out of the shadow and rebuilt my ____24____.
Sometimes, challenges in life will get in our way. We can choose to stay behind or try to get past these challenges. My accident was a challenge that _____25_____ to stop me from reaching success. Today, I’m a very confident and optimistic (乐观的) person.
16. A. saved B. discovered C. solved D. changed
17. A. challenging B. developing C. growing D. playing
18. A. competition B. mistake C. detail D. exam
19. A. hardly B. quickly C. badly D. nearly
20. A. necessary B. important C. difficult D. possible
21. A. given up B. taken away C. turned on D. put up
22. A. Instead of B. Since C. Even though D. Although
23. A. skill B. road C. idea D. time
24. A. accident B. confidence C. health D. happiness
25. A. won B. happened C. failed D. worried
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. C 21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因为一场事故被迫中止自己热爱的滑冰运动, 作者因此对生活消极绝望, 最后通过志愿者工作改变了自己, 并变得乐观自信。
【16题详解】
句意：从很小的时候起, 我就对自己会成为什么样的人有强烈的预感——但一场意外改变了一切。
saved拯救；discovered发现；solved解决；changed改变。根据“I had a strong sense of who I would become”以及转折连词but可知, 意外使一切改变。故选D。
【17题详解】
句意：我每周花24小时来提高我的技能。
challenging挑战；developing发展，提高；growing生长；playing玩。根据“I spent 24 hours a week”可知, 这里表示作者每周花24小时来提高滑冰技能。故选B。
【18题详解】
句意：但是我几乎在每一场比赛中都获得了第一名的奖牌。
competition比赛；mistake错误；detail细节；exam考试。根据“I was rewarded with first place medals”可知, 是在比赛中获得奖牌。故选A。
【19题详解】
句意：不幸的是, 在一次比赛中, 我摔了一跤, 受了重伤。
hardly几乎不；quickly迅速地；badly严重地；nearly几乎。根据“The doctor told me that I couldn’t skate anymore.”可知, 作者受伤严重。故选C。
【20题详解】
句意：背部的疼痛让我难以忍受, 甚至基本的日常任务都变得困难。
necessary必要的；important重要的；difficult困难的；possible可能的。根据“The pain in my back was hard to bear”可知, 完成日常任务是困难的。故选C。
【21题详解】
句意：我的激情被带走了。
given up放弃；taken away带走；turned on打开；put up张贴。根据“I lost heart and had no idea what I would become.”可知, 这里表示作者丧失了激情。故选B。
【22题详解】
句意：我没有闲坐着浪费时间, 而是开始参与当地的社区服务项目。
Instead of代替，而不是；Since自从；Even though尽管；Although虽然。根据“I began to work with local community service projects.”可知, 作者不再闲坐着浪费时间。故选A。
【23题详解】
句意：通过志愿为孩子们做游泳老师和暑期阅读助教, 我对自己想成为什么样的人有了一个想法。
skill技术；road道路；idea想法；time时间。根据“who I wanted to become”可知, 这是一个想法。故选C。
【24题详解】
句意：渐渐地, 我走出了阴影, 重新树立了信心。
accident事故；confidence信心；health健康；happiness快乐。根据“After a few months, I found a new interest.”可知, 作者找回了信心。故选B。
【25题详解】
句意：我的事故是一个挑战, 但它未能阻止我走向成功。
won赢得；happened发生；failed失败，未能；worried担忧。根据“Today, I’m a very confident and optimistic person.”可知, 作者的失败未能阻止他走向成功。故选C。
三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
A

26. It’s clear that the restaurant ________.
A. offers Chinese food B. was set up more than twenty years ago
C. gets no awards at all D. is good at cooking ducks
27. The poster doesn’t tell us ________.
A. the address of the restaurant B. the price of food
C. the phone number of the restaurant D. the way to order food
28. Which country does the restaurant lie in?
A China. B. India. C. America. D. Canada.
【答案】26. B 27. B 28. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一家餐厅的海报，介绍其地址、订餐方式等信息。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Serving Fine Indian Cuisine for the past 22 years”可知，这家餐厅在过去的22年里一直提供优质的印度菜，可知这家餐厅是20多年前创办的。故选B。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据海报可知，海报中介绍了这家餐厅的地址、电话及订餐方式，没有介绍食物价格。故选B。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Vancouver”可知，这家餐厅位于加拿大温哥华。故选D。
B
Type in “A cat wants to go to space” and ask ChatGPT to write a bedtime story. Just one second later, you’ll get the story of Max, who made his way past many difficulties to sing among the stars.
Developed by US company OpenAI, ChatGPT has taken the Internet by storm, winning 100 million users since it came out in November 2022. People can ask the robot to write stories and emails, create recipes, translate languages and answer all kinds of questions. In its own words, it is “a language model trained in a large amount of Internet text to help users get human-like text.”
Compared with Siri or other chatbots, ChatGPT uses a much bigger database for training. It also uses stronger software and hardware to learn things by itself. For example, if it provides a wrong answer to your question, you can tell it the right one and it will make corrections. “It’s a totally different product, ”computer scientist Liu Xiaoguang from Nankai University told Taijing Daily. “The knowledge level ChatGPT shows is equal to a college student. That’s why it shocked the world.”
But one big problem with ChatGPT is that it makes mistakes or even gives false information. When Rezza, a 28-year-old from Indonesia, used the robot to write a paper, it “gave out nonexistent academic citations (不存在的学术引用)”, he told The Guardian. Since the robot is trained using words from the Internet, it can also pick up on the Internet’s personal views about certain groups. These are all things that need to be dealt with.
29. What is Paragraph 1 mainly about?
A. What ChatGPT can do for a cat. B. How ChatGPT learns about space.
C. The possibility for a cat to go to space. D. An example of a story created by ChatGPT.
30. What makes ChatGPT an excellent chatbot?
a. It can learn things by itself. b. It will give people false information.
c. It has a huge database for training. d. It’s cleverer than any college student.
A. ab B. ac C. bd D. abc
31. According to the passage which of the following is more suitable for ChatGPT to do?
A. Make dishes. B. Create new languages.
C. Write scientific papers. D. Translate texts.
32. Why does ChatGPT make mistakes?
A. It likes false information more.
B. Some of the young users cannot use it correctly.
C. It can’t learn all the answers from the Internet.
D. It can’t tell right from wrong between the information online.
【答案】29. D 30. B 31. D 32. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了ChatGPT的优劣势。
【29题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段可知，主要讲述了输入“一只猫想去太空”，ChatGPT能写一个故事。故选D。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Compared with Siri or other chatbots, ChatGPT uses a much bigger database for training. It also uses stronger software and hardware to learn things by itself.”可知，与Siri或其他聊天机器人相比，ChatGPT使用更大的数据库进行训练，它还使用更强大的软件和硬件来自己学习。故选B。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“People can ask the robot to write stories and emails, create recipes, translate languages and answer all kinds of questions.”可知，人们可以让机器人写故事和电子邮件，制作食谱，翻译语言，回答各种问题。故选D。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“But one big problem with ChatGPT is that it makes mistakes or even gives false information...Since the robot is trained using words from the Internet, it can also pick up on the Internet’s personal views about certain groups. These are all things that need to be dealt with.”可知，ChatGPT的一个大问题是它会犯错误，甚至提供虚假信息。由于机器人是使用互联网上的单词进行训练的，它也可以在互联网上了解某些群体的个人观点，这些都是需要处理的事情，即需要处理互联网上的对错信息。由此推断，ChatGPT会因为无法区分网上信息的对错而犯错。故选D。
C
Along with firewood, rice, oil, salt, sauce and vinegar, tea is considered one of the seven necessities for life in China. Now, it has also won global recognition as a shared cultural treasure of mankind.
On Nov. 29, Chinese traditional tea processing skills and their related social practices were added to the UNESCO intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) list. Since ancient times, Chinese people have been planting, picking, making and drinking tea.
More importantly, China’s tea culture has formed Chinese customs. It is Chinese traditional custom that a host should welcome visiting guests with boiled tea. A poem by Song poet Du Lei reads, “I offer tea, not wine, to a guest on a cold night. When water boils on the stove, fire burns with flame bright.”
Boiling tea is one of the oldest Chinese tea brewing methods, dating back to the Tang Dynasty (618—907). Tea leaves were boiled for a long time and sometimes they were cooked together with different kinds of herbs and fruits. During this process, people can enjoy a quiet time. Later in the Ming Dynasty (1368—1644), a faster and more convenient method become more popular—steeping (冲泡).
________. On the app Xiaohongshu or Little Red Book, there are over 40,000 posts on the topic of “stove-boiled tea” (围炉煮茶). They lightly roast tea leaves before boiling them in a teapot on a stove. People sit around the stove in a natural setting and have snacks with their hot tea. Some also wear traditional hanfu as if it could take them back to those ancient times. Through “stove-boiled tea”, people can taste a slower life and find their inner peace. As is written in one Xiaohongshu post, “It is very relaxing to drink hot tea, feel the fall breeze, and chat with best friends.”
33. The writer introduces the topic by ________.
A. asking questions B. listing numbers
C. telling stories D. stating facts
34. We can learn from the third paragraph that ________.
A. Du Lei is a great poet in Tang-Dynasty
B. “stove-boiled tea” becomes popular again
C. Chinese tea culture has spread to western countries
D. it is an old tradition to welcome guests with boiled tea
35. The best sentence to fill in the blank in the last paragraph is “________”.
A. Let’s try the old method of boiling tea in spare time
B. These days, the old method is making a comeback
C. Chinese invented many different ways of drinking tea
D. Therefore, it is a good choice to drink tea with friends
36. The writer writes this passage to ________.
A. introduce a popular way of making tea, “stove-boiled tea”
B. invite more and more people around the world to visit China
C. call on the young to learn more about Chinese traditional tea
D. show how popular and interesting the app Xiaohongshu is
【答案】33. D 34. D 35. B 36. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国传统的茶文化。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Along with firewood, rice, oil, salt, sauce and vinegar, tea is considered one of the seven necessities for life in China. Now, it has also won global recognition as a shared cultural treasure of mankind.”可知作者通过陈述事实来介绍这个话题。故选D。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“It is Chinese traditional custom that a host should welcome visiting guests with boiled tea.”可知用煮好的茶来欢迎客人是一个古老的传统。故选D。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据“On the app Xiaohongshu, or Little Red Book, there are over 40,000 posts on the topic of ‘stove-boiled tea’.”可知“围炉煮茶”这个传统又重新流行起来，此处填“These days, the old method is making a comeback”表示“现在，旧方法正在卷土重来”。故选B。
【36题详解】
写作目的题。本文主要介绍了中国传统的茶文化。作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁年轻人更多地了解中国传统茶，故选C。
D


Nature and culture are often seen as opposite ideas. What belongs to nature cannot be the result of human activities and on the other hand, cultural development is achieved against nature. However, this is not the only opinion on the relationship between nature and culture. Studies in the development of humans suggest that culture, whether taken as an effort against nature or a natural effort, is part of the development of the human species(物种).
Several modern writers saw the process of education as a struggle(斗争) against human nature. We are born with wild natures, such as eating and behaving in a disorganized way or acting selfishly. Education uses culture as a way to get us out of our widest natures; it is thanks to culture that the human species could learn to adapt(适应) , progress and raise itself above and beyond other species.
Over the past century and a half, however, studies in the history of human development have shown that the formation of culture is part of the biological adaptation. Consider, for example, hunting(打猎) . It seems to be an adaptation, which allowed humans to move into new and different areas, opening up the opportunity to change living habits. At the same time, the development of weapons(武器) is related to that adaptation-from rocks and stones to a set of hunting tools, and from hunting tools to rules relating to the proper use of weapons. Hunting also seems to be responsible for a whole set of bodily abilities, such as balancing on one foot. Just think of how this very simple thing is closely related to dance, a key expression of human culture. It is then clear that biological development and cultural development are closely tied.
The transmission of culture seems to be directly related to what’s in our blood. Just as snails carry their shells, so do we bring along our culture. However, culture is also passed on among people of the same time or among people belonging to different populations. We can learn how to make jiaozi even if we were born from Russian parents in Paris just as we can learn how to speak English even if none of our family or friends speak that language.
37. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. Culture belongs to human nature.
B. Nature teaches humans how to adapt.
C. Humans are supposed to be well organized.
D. Education pushes the human species to progress.
38. Why does the writer talk about hunting in Paragraph 3?
A. To suggest some possible ways of changing living habits.
B. To stress the importance of tools in humans’ struggle for life.
C. To show how culture develops as humans adapt to the environment.
D. To explain why there is a need to call for the proper use of weapons.
39. The word “transmission” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”.
A. system B. spread C. start D. spirit
40. What is the writer’s opinion on the nature-culture relationship?
A. Culture and nature are separate yet balanced.
B. Culture depends much on nature to progress.
C. Nature and culture are different but connected.
D. Nature follows the unwritten rules set by culture.
【答案】37. D 38. C 39. B 40. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文，自然和文化常常被视为对立的观点，但是人类发展的研究表明，文化，无论是作为一种反对自然的努力还是自然的努力，都是人类物种发展的一部分。生物的发展和文化的发展是紧密相连的，文化的传播似乎与我们血液中的东西直接相关。
【37题详解】
段落大意题。根据“Several modern writers saw the process of education as a struggle(斗争) against human nature.”和“Education uses culture as a way to get us out of our widest natures”可知，人们把教育的过程看作是一场与人性的斗争，教育把文化作为一种方式，让我们摆脱最广泛的天性。所以本段想说明教育推动人类进步。故选D。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Consider, for example, hunting(打猎) . It seems to be an adaptation, which allowed humans to move into new and different areas, opening up the opportunity to change living habits.”可知，打猎似乎是一种适应，使人类能够进入新的和不同的地区，打开改变生活习惯的机会。文章提到打猎是为了展示文化是如何随着人类适应环境而发展的。故选C。
【39题详解】
词义猜测题。分析“The transmission of culture seems to be directly related to what’s in our blood. Just as snails carry their shells, so do we bring along our culture.”可知，文化的传播似乎与我们血液中的东西直接相关。就像蜗牛带着它们的壳一样，我们也带着我们的文化。所以此处transmission的意思是“传播”，故选B。
【40题详解】
观点态度题。根据“Studies in the development of humans suggest that culture, whether taken as an effort against nature or a natural effort, is part of the development of the human species(物种).”可知，作者认为文化，无论是作为一种反对自然的努力还是自然的努力，都是人类物种发展的一部分，作者认为自然和文化之间是对立且密切联系的。故选C。
四、词汇（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
（A)根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。
41. You can’t go into this ________(私人的) garden if you are not allowed to.
【答案】private
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：如果你不被允许，你就不能进入这个私人花园。根据中文提示，可得单词private，形容词，在句中作定语，修饰名词garden。故填private。
42. Students can __________ (借) the books for only two weeks. But they only need to renew online.
【答案】keep
【解析】
【详解】句意：这些书学生们只可以借两周，但他们只需要在网上续借。“借”borrow，短暂性动词；由“for only two week”可知，用延续性动词，borrow对应的延续性动词是keep，且情态动词can后加动词原形。故填keep。
43. In fact, Alice In Wonderland was __________ (专门地) written for Lewis Carol’s friends’ children.
【答案】especially
【解析】
【详解】句意：事实上，《爱丽丝梦游仙境》是专门为Lewis Carol的朋友的孩子们写的。“专门地”especially，副词，修饰动词was written。故填especially。
44. If success is a gate, the road _________ (穿过) this gate must be made up of difficulties.
【答案】through
【解析】
【详解】句意：如果成功是一扇大门，那么通过这扇大门的道路一定充满了困难。该句中“穿过”指的是内部穿过，用through。故填through。
45. Nothing can _________ (隔开) overseas Chinese from our motherland because they are part of us forever.
【答案】separate
【解析】
【详解】句意：海外华人永远是我们的一部分，没有什么能把他们与祖国分开。separate“隔开”，动词，情态动词can后用其原形。故填separate。
B）根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
46. The teacher has told me many times __________ (not come) late again.
【答案】not to come
【解析】
【详解】句意：老师已经多次告诉我不要再迟到了。tell sb not to do“告诉某人不要做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语，不定式to do的否定式是not to do，故填not to come。
47. Don’t hand in your report until all the information ___________(check).
【答案】is checked
【解析】
【详解】句意：直到所有的信息都被核查才能上交你的报告。句子是一般现在时，all the information是不可数名词，和动词check之间是被动关系，动词用一般现在时的被动形式is checked。故填is checked。
48. —How is your program getting along?
—Jack __________ (agree) to help us, but he has changed his mind.
【答案】agreed
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你们的项目进展如何？——杰克之前同意帮我们，但是他已经改变主意了。根据“but he has changed his mind”可知，他已经改变了主意，说明“同意帮我们”是发生在过去的动作，用一般过去时，所以谓语动词agree用过去式agreed。故填agreed。
49. I don’t think Echo’s life is _________ (mean). She can do as well as her cousins if she is more confident in herself.
【答案】meaningless
【解析】
【详解】句意：我认为Echo的生活不是毫无意义的。如果她对自己更有信心，她可以做得和她的表兄弟们一样好。be动词后加形容词，根据“She can do as well as her cousins if she is more confident in herself.”可知，如果她对自己更有信心，她可以做得和她的表兄弟们一样好，所以她的生活并不是没有意义的。mean“意思是”，动词；meaningless“无意义的”，形容词。故填meaningless。
50. China’s Shenzhou-16 spaceship entered the country’s space station last Tuesday. I _________ (watch) that exciting moment on TV all the time.
【答案】was watching
【解析】
【详解】句意：上周二，中国的神舟十六号宇宙飞船进入中国空间站。我一直在电视上看那个激动人心的时刻。watch“观看”，动词。根据“last Tuesday”可知，事情发生在过去，结合“all the time”可知，此处指过去某个时间段一直在做某事，应为过去进行时，结构是was/were doing，主语是I，故用was。故填was watching。
C)选词填空
根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使对话内容完整正确。
Since the number of is expected to work as central
China plans to hire 52,300 college graduates this year to ___51___ primary and middle school teachers in under-developed rural (农村的) areas in ___52___ and western China, according to the Ministry of Education an Ministry of Finance. The special effort ___53___ improve the teaching quality in rural schools. It also plans to increase ___54___ teachers in subjects such as physical education, foreign languages, science and art. ___55___ the program started in 2006, 1.03 million college graduates have been hired to work at rural schools.
【答案】51. work as
52. central
53. is expected to
54. the number of
55. Since
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了中国招聘5.23万名大学毕业生，在中西部欠发达的农村地区担任中小学教师。
【51题详解】
句意：根据教育部和财政部的消息，中国计划今年招聘5.23万名大学毕业生，在中西部欠发达的农村地区担任中小学教师。结合“hire 52,300 college graduates this year to ... primary and middle school teachers”和备选词汇可知，招聘5.23万名大学毕业生担任中小学教师，work as“担任、当”符合语境，故填work as。
【52题详解】
句意：根据教育部和财政部的消息，中国计划今年招聘5.23万名大学毕业生，在中西部欠发达的农村地区担任中小学教师。结合“in ... and western China”和备选词汇可知，在中国中西部，central“中心的”符合语境，故填central。
【53题详解】
句意：这项特别的计划有望提高农村学校的教学质量。结合“The special effort ... improve the teaching quality in rural schools.”和备选词汇可知，这次计划有望提高农村学校的教学质量，is expected to“有望”符合语境，故填is expected to。
【54题详解】
句意：此外，还计划增加体育、外语、科学和艺术等学科的教师人数。结合“increase ... teachers”和备选词汇开心，增加教师人数，the number of“……的人数”符合语境，故选the number of。
【55题详解】
句意：自2006年启动该计划以来，已有103万大学毕业生受雇于农村学校工作。根据主句“have been”可知是现在完成时，since“自从”后接一般过去时的句子，是现在完成时的时间状语，故填Since。
五、阅读填空（共20小题：每小题1分，满分20分）
A)
阅读下面短文，根据所给内容，在各小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，每个空格只填一个单词。
It’s hard to turn down a tasty banana. They taste good and you don’t have to wash them before eating them. However, British scientusts say that the fruit may die out by 2050.
One reason for this is the weather change. Scientists at the University of Exeter collected numbers from 27 countries and places that produce 86 percent of the world’s bananas. They found that weather change has made growing conditions in 21 of these countries better. In the past 60 years, the average yield (平均产量) has reached 1.37 tons of bananas per hectare (每公顷).
However, if temperatures keep rising, this advantage will disappear. Ten of the countries, including India, the world’s biggest producer of bananas, will produce fewer bananas. By 2050, the fruit may die out.
Shouldn’t bananas grow more easily if it’s hotter outside? In fact, the perfect temperature for growing bananas is between 24°C and 32°C. If the temperature gets too high, they will stop growing.
Diseases are another danger to bananas. Unlike other plants, the bananas we grow come from shoot cuttings (茎段) rather than seeds. This means that all banana plants have the same genotype (基因型). In other words, if a disease is able to kill one plant, it could kill them all.
One serious disease is called Panama. Caused by fungus (真菌) in the soil, it spreads easily. It has spread across South Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and Australia. If one banana farm catches the disease, it will take 30 years until it is able to grow bananas again. Have the scientists found a cure for this disease yet? No.
It’s hard to ___56___ a tasty banana. Bananas taste good and you can eat them ___57___ washing them.
Facts of growing
The perfect temperature for growing bananas is ___58___ 24°℃ to 32°℃.
bananas
Climate change has ___59___ growing conditions in some countries.
Scientists predicted bananas may ___60___ by 2050.
___61___ that bananas are facing
If the temperature keeps going ___62___ bananas will stop growing.
Banana plants have the same genotype, so they can possibly die from the same ___63___. Example: Panama, a serious disease, can ___64___ banana plantations from producing bananas for 30 years. Panama is caused by fungus in the soil and it is easy to ___65___.

【答案】56. refuse
57. without
58. from 59. improved
60. disappear
61. Problems
62. up
63. disease

64. prevent
65. spread
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了香蕉在未来几十年后可能会消失的原因。
【56题详解】
根据“It’s hard to turn down a tasty banana.”可知，很难拒绝香蕉的美味，turn down表示“拒绝”，与refuse同义；根据“It is+adj.+to do sth.”可知，此处应用动词原形。故填refuse。
【57题详解】
根据“They taste good and you don’t have to wash them before eating them.”可知，吃香蕉不用洗，without表示“不用”，后接动名词。故填without。
【58题详解】
根据“the perfect temperature for growing bananas is between 24°C and 32°C.”可知，香蕉生长温度在24到32°C之间。from... to...表示“从……到……”，符合语境。故填from。
【59题详解】
根据“They found that weather change has made growing conditions in 21 of these countries better”可知，天气变化改善了一些国家的生长条件。improve表示“改善”，动词。由于句子使用的是现在完成时，has后面用动词的过去分词形式。故填improved。
【60题详解】
根据“By 2050, the fruit may die out.”可知，2050年香蕉可能会灭绝。disappear表示“灭绝”，动词；may是情态动词，后面的动词用原形。故填disappear。
【61题详解】
根据表格右侧最后两栏可知，内容都在讲述香蕉面临的一些问题。problem表示“问题”，为可数名词，此处不止一个问题，用复数形式，做标题首字母需大写。故填Problems。
【62题详解】
根据“If the temperature gets too high, they will stop growing.”可知，温度太高，即温度持续上升，香蕉会停止生长。go up表示“上升”。故填up。
【63题详解】
根据倒数第二段可知，所有的香蕉都有可能死于同一种疾病。故填disease。
【64题详解】
根据“If one banana farm catches the disease, it will take 30 years until it is able to grow bananas again.”可知，这种疾病能让农场30年产不出香蕉。prevent sb. from doing sth.表示“阻止某人/物做某事”；can是情态动词，后面接动词用原形。故填prevent。
【65题详解】
根据“One serious disease is called Panama. Caused by fungus in the soil, it spreads easily.”可知，巴拿马疾病很容易传播。spread表示“传播”，动词，此处结构为“it is+adj.+to do sth.”，所以应用动词原形。故填spread。
B)
根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
China finally has its first male world chess champion! Ding Liren, 30, became the 17th world chess champion on April 30. He b___66___ Russian chess player Ian Nepomniachtchi in the 2023 World Chess Championship.
Ding is still a young man, but started winning early on. After first w___67___ China’s national junior chess championship at the age of 5, Ding went on to top his age group many t___68___ at the junior championships. He s___69___ the chess world by becoming the youngest Chinese chess champion in history—in 2009, he beat several e___70___ grandmasters (大师) at the Chinese Championship.
Ding has a bold (大胆的) playing style. A___71___ to Emil Sutovsky, the head of the International Chess Federation, Ding makes moves “w___72___ look very dangerous”. “He is walking a path where one single inaccuracy (不精确) in the calculation (计算) may lead to a l___73___ not just a draw,” Sutovsky told CGTN. However, Ding doesn’t think what he does is e___74___. He says he admires his E____75____ competitors’ creativity. “European players may be a little bit more adventurous in their play compared to us,” he said.
【答案】66. (b)eat
67. (w)on 68. (t)imes
69. (s)urprised
70. (e)lderly
71. (A)ccording
72. (w)hich
73. (l)oss 74. (e)special
75. (E)uropean
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了丁立人成为第17位国际象棋世界冠军，以及他的下棋风格。
【66题详解】
句意：他在2023年世界国际象棋锦标赛上击败了俄罗斯国际象棋选手伊恩·内普莫尼亚奇。根据“Ding Liren, 30, became the 17th world chess champion”可知，30岁的丁立人成为第17位国际象棋世界冠军，由此可知他打败了对手。“打败”beat，由became可知，句子是一般过去时，beat用过去式beat。故填(b)eat。
【67题详解】
句意：在5岁时第一次赢得中国青少年国际象棋锦标赛冠军后，在青少年锦标赛中，他多次获得同龄组的冠军。根据“After first ... China’s national junior chess championship”及首字母可知，此处指赢得冠军，win“赢得”，由“at the age of 5”可知，句子是一般过去时，谓语动词win用过去式won。故填(w)on。
【68题详解】
句意：在5岁时第一次赢得中国青少年国际象棋锦标赛冠军后，在青少年锦标赛中，他多次获得同龄组的冠军。根据“ many...”及首字母和语境可知，此处指多次获得冠军，many times“很多次”，故填(t)imes。
【69题详解】
句意：2009年，他在中国象棋锦标赛上击败了几位年长的特级大师，成为历史上最年轻的中国象棋冠军，这让国际象棋界大吃一惊。根据“in 2009, he beat several ... grandmasters at the Chinese Championship”可知，丁立人打败年长的大师这件事是震惊象棋界的。surprise“使惊讶”，且句子是一般过去时，填过去式，故填(s)urprised。
【70题详解】
句意：2009年，他在中国象棋锦标赛上击败了几位年长的特级大师，成为历史上最年轻的中国象棋冠军，这让国际象棋界大吃一惊。由“grandmasters”可知，象棋大师是年纪较大的，elderly“年纪较大的”，故填(e)lderly。
【71题详解】
句意：国际象棋联合会主席埃米尔·苏托夫斯基表示，丁的下法“看起来非常危险”。according to“根据”，固定搭配，故填(A)ccording。
【72题详解】
句意：国际象棋联合会主席埃米尔·苏托夫斯基表示，丁的下法“看起来非常危险”。“... look very dangerous”是定语从句，该空是关系代词，指代先行词moves，且在句中作主语，所以用which。故填(w)hich。
【73题详解】
句意：苏托夫斯基在接受CGTN采访时表示：“他的下法是，计算中的一个错误可能会导致失利，而不仅仅是平局。” 根据“lead to a ... not just a draw”可知，导致输棋，而不仅仅是平局。loss“失败”，名词，故填(l)oss。
【74题详解】
句意：丁认为自己做的事情并不特别。根据该段内容可知，埃米尔·苏托夫斯基认为丁立人下法大胆冒险，但是他自己并不这么认为，他觉得欧洲对手更具冒险精神。由此可知，丁立人认为自己的下法并不特别，“特别”especial，故填(e)special。
【75题详解】
句意：他说，他钦佩欧洲竞争对手的创造力。根据“European players may be a little bit more adventurous in their play compared to us”可知，他认为欧洲球员在比赛中可能更具冒险精神，由此可知他钦佩欧洲的竞争对手，European“欧洲的”，故填(E)uropean。
六、书面表达（满分15分）
76. 近年来，在一些学生中出现了不珍惜劳动成果、不想劳动、不会劳动的现象。为此，国家最近印发了《关于全面加强新时代大中小学劳动教育的意见》。请你根据思维导图结合实际，就如何培养劳动精神，以“How to Get Working Spirit”为题，给校报英语专栏写一篇100字短文。

参考词汇：指导方针guideline；劳动课a hardworking spirit class
How to Get Working Spirit
A guideline on hardworking spirit education came out recently in order to help morestudents of different ages to get working spirit._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
How to Get Working Spirit
A guideline on hardworking spirit education came out recently in order to help more students of different ages to get working spirit. As a middle school student, I welcome it warmly.
How to get working spirit? There are many ways. First of all, we should have hardworking spirit classes to learn some basic life skills at school every week. What’s more, we can take part in out-of-class activities such as planting trees or growing vegetables to enrich our real-world work experience. In addition, we need try to do some chores at home, like tidying rooms, washing clothes or cooking some dishes. Above all, we could form good working habits and value the importance of working hard through our experience.
In a word, the hardworking spirit education is necessary and it helps to build us up. Let’s take action!
【解析】
【详解】1.题干解读：本文是一篇材料作文。以“How to Get Working Spirit”为题根据所给提示内容，结合实际，介绍下如何培养劳动精神。
2.写作指导：本文时态采用一般现在时；人称采用第一人称。文章可采用三段式。第一段介绍指导方针的目的；第二段根据图示内容具体介绍；第三段做总结。写作时确保语句通顺，无单词语法错误。