天津市十二区重点学校2023届高三英语联考联考(一)（Word版附解析）

这是一份天津市十二区重点学校2023届高三英语联考联考(一)（Word版附解析），共24页。试卷主要包含了本试卷共55题，提出倡议等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023年天津市十二区重点学校高三毕业班联考(一)
英语试卷
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷两部分，共130分。考试用时100分钟。第Ⅰ卷1至6页，第Ⅱ卷7页。
答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考号涂写在答题卡上，答卷时，考生务必将卷Ⅰ的答案填涂在答题卡上，卷Ⅱ答在答题纸上，卷Ⅱ答在试卷上的无效。
第Ⅰ卷(共95分)
注意事项：
1．每小题选出答案后，把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
2．本试卷共55题。在每题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项正确。
第一部分：英语知识运用(共两节;满分45分)
第一节：单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
1. ---Let's walk to that village together.
---__________. How can we two girls do that in the dark？
A. I agree with you. B. That's a good point.
C. You must be joking！ D. That's not your opinion！
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。A. I agree with you.我同意你的观点；B. That's a good point.说得好；C. You must be joking！你一定是在开玩笑！D. That's not your opinion！那不是你的建议！句意：---我们一起步行走到那个村子去吧。---你一定是在开玩笑!我们两个女孩如何在黑暗中做那个?故选C。
2. Nothing taught by others has the same effect on you as ________ learned by yourself.
A one B. that C. those D. it
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：别人教给你的东西对你的影响都不如你自己学到的东西。A. one代指前面提到过的同类事物，但不是同一个，只能指代可数名词；B. that代指与前面同类的事物，但不是同一个，可指代不可数名词；C. those代指与前面同类不同一的事物，代替可数名词复数；D. it代指上文提到的某人或某物。句中所缺词特指和前面nothing同类的事物，即自己所学的知识，但和前面自学的东西不一样，nothing为不可数名词，所以应用that指代不可数名词，故选B。
3. The steamboat was fully furnished with life preservers. The passengers might be saved __________ accidents.
A. in spite of B. instead of
C. in case of D. in place of
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查词组。A. in spite of尽管；B. instead of代替；C. in case of万一；D. in place of代替。句意：这艘汽船配备了全套救生设备。万一发生事故，乘客可能会得救。结合句意可知答案为C。
4. Zhang Guimei, a famous moral model, ________ a better life, but caring for neither, she devoted herself to changing the fates of children in the mountains.
A. could have enjoyed B. may enjoy C. must have enjoyed D. can enjoy
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：张桂梅，一位著名的道德模范，本可以享受更好的生活，但两者她都不关心，她致力于改变山区儿童的命运。根据情态动词的用法，表示“原本……”含义的情态动词结构为：could have + 过去分词，A项“could have enjoyed(本能够享受)”与句子表达的含义一致，故选A项。
5. This book gives a brief _____ of the history of the castle and details of the art collection in the main hall.
A. outline B. reference C. article D. outlook
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这本书简要介绍了城堡的历史和大厅里艺术收藏的细节。A. outline概述，纲要；B. reference参考；C. article文章；D. outlook前景，观点。根据“the history of the castle and details of the art collection in the main hall”可知，此处指的是书的概要。故选A。
6. Turkish officials are saying that the number of people who ________ by the earthquakes that took place in southeastern Turkey ________ at least 20 million.
A. had been affected; reaches B. has affected; reach
C. was affected; reach D. have been affected; reaches
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：土耳其官员说，受土耳其东南部地震影响的人数至少达到2000万。第一空在who引导的定语从句作谓语，句子表示从过去到现在地震影响了人们，应用现在完成时，且who代指先行词people，和动词affect(影响)为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动，从句主语who代指people，为复数，所以第一空为have been affected，第二空作that引导的宾语从句的谓语，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，宾语从句的主语是the number of people，the number of(……的数量)后面加可数名词复数，谓语动词应用单数，故选D。
7. —Jim, what’s the result of the final?
—Believe it or not, China ________ beat its strong opponent France.
A. narrowly B. casually C. initially D. typically
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：——吉姆，最终的结果如何？——信不信由你，中国以微弱优势击败了强大的对手法国。A. narrowly勉强地，微弱地；B. causally随意地；C. initially最初地；D. typically典型地。此处表示“微弱地”用narrowly。故选A。
8. The number of tickets _____ will be determined by the size of the stadium.
A. adaptable B. acceptable C. advisable D. available
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：可得到的票的数量将由体育馆的大小来决定。A. adaptable可适应的；B. acceptable 可接受的；C. advisable明智的；D. available可得到的。根据“by the size of the stadium”可知，体育馆的大小决定了可得到的票的数量。故选D。
9. In January 2023, a new year film, Full River Red, ________ in Song dynasty, was released and made a hit immediately.
A. set B. setting C. having set D. to set
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：2023年1月，一部以宋朝为背景的新年电影《满江红》上映，一炮而红。句中有谓语was released和made，且前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰a new year film, Full River Red，且二者之间是被动关系，应用set（以……为背景）的过去分词形式set作后置定语，故选A。
10. She hurriedly ran home, never once looking back to see whether she ________.
A. would follow B. was following C. has followed D. was being followed
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：她急忙跑回家，一刻也没有回头看是否有人跟踪她。整个句子描述过去发生的事，且此处表示过去某一刻正在做的事，应用过去进行时，主语she和动词follow之间是被动关系，表示“她正在被跟踪”，应用过去进行时的被动，故选D。
11. As many as five courses are provided，and you are free to choose________suits you best.
A. whatever B. whichever
C. whenever D. wherever
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】B
解析　考查名词性从句。句意：课程多达五门，你可以自由选择最适合你的课程。此处为宾语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，前面“As many as five courses”给出了范围，此处意为“无论哪件”，故选B。
12. The mother goes mad every time she washes the T-shirt__________ her son wipes his dirty hands.
A. that B. where
C. which D. when
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：母亲每次洗儿子擦脏手的T-shirt时都会发疯。此处the T-shirt是先行词，指物，在后面的定语从句作地点状语，故选B。
13. A university is an educational institution which ________ degrees and carries out research.
A. rewards B. awards C. promotes D. presents
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：大学是授予学位和进行研究的教育机构。A. rewards奖赏；B. awards授予；C. promotes提升；D. presents呈现。根据“degrees and carries out research.”可知，大学是授予学位的。故选B。
14. The engine of the ship was out of order and the coming typhoon ________ the helplessness of the crew at sea.
A. added to B. resulted from C. turned out D. made up
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：轮船的发动机出了故障，即将到来的台风使海上的船员更加无助。A. added to增加；B. resulted from起因于；C. turned out结果是；D. made up编造。根据句意可知，即将来临的台风增加了船员的无助。故选A项。
15. When we visited the ward the next morning, we were amazed to see that ________, both boys were still alive.
A. against all odds B. above the horizon
C. beyond all praise D. behind the schedule
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：第二天早上我们去看病房时，惊讶地发现尽管困难重重，两个男孩都活了下来。A. against all odds突破万难；B. above the horizon水平线以上；C. beyond all praise赞美不完；D. behind the schedule落后于预定计划。根据后文“both boys were still alive”指突破万难活下来，故选A。
第二节：完型填空(共20小题，每小题1. 5分，满分30分)
Like most young couples, my husband and I didn’t have money for expensive gifts on our first wedding anniversary, but we were ___16___ to exchange thoughtful anniversary cards. We boxed each other and no ___17___ on the earth could even ___18___ our love for one another.
So when the ___19___ knocked on the door, I was very surprised to see a package from my mother. Eager and ___20___ to see what in it, I quickly tore open the box and ___21___ my eyes filled with tears. Inside the box was a neatly folded ___22___ my mother had made by hand. It was white with rose ___23___ , gold thread and its backing was made up of beautiful purple flowers. Together with the quilt was a note from my mother ___24___ : “Stephanie and Corey, Happy Anniversary! Enclosed is your Wedding Ring quilt. May this quilt keep you warm when times are cold and ____25____ you of the promise you made at your wedding.”
I was touched ____26____ words. I knew my mom ____27____ had sacrificed to be able to make it. I could ____28____ in mind my mother coming home from a long day at work and ____29____ piecing (拼接) the quilt together. My husband and I both knew that with each stitch (一针), a part of my mom’s ____30____ was sewn right into the quilt. Many years have passed ____31____ we celebrated our first anniversary together, but neither of us has ____32____ the quilt. My husband always ____33____ that the best anniversary gift I have ever ____34____ wasn’t from him but from my mother, and I agree.
Mother’s love is the beautiful emotion of human beings, which is not ____35____ with heart of profit and wealth.
16. A. anxious B. content C. excited D. disappointed
17. A. fortune B. wedding C. gift D. feeling
18. A. reward B. review C. represent D. renew
19. A. salesman B. mailman C. dustman D. milkman
20. A. worried B. angry C. surprised D. curious
21. A. regularly B. immediately C. obviously D. recently
22. A. quilt B. card C. coat D. blanket
23. A. materials B. patterns C. labels D. sizes
24. A. saying B. drawing C. covering D. printing
25. A. command B. direct C. remind D. inform
26. A. over B. through C. between D. beyond
27. A. impossibly B. surely C. merely D. rarely
28. A. remembered B. noticed C. pictured D. appreciated
29. A. looking up B. standing up C. waking up D. staying up
30. A. sympathy B. love C. gratitude D. pride
31. A. before B. when C. since D. as
32. A. forgotten B. faded C. inquired D. liked
33. A. complains B. jokes C. determines D. argues
34. A. made B. received C. sent D. bought
35. A. mixed B. separated C. convinced D. distinguished
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. C 19. B 20. D 21. B 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是在第一个结婚纪念日收到一份特别的礼物，是母亲亲自缝制的被子还有一张便条，里面是母亲对作者夫妻的叮嘱，多年后作者仍把这床被子当作最珍贵的结婚纪念日礼物。
【16题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：像大多数年轻夫妇一样，我和丈夫在结婚周年纪念日没有钱买昂贵的礼物，但我们很满足互赠发人深思的周年纪念卡片。A. anxious焦虑的；B. content满意的；C. excited兴奋的；D. disappointed失望的。根据上文中的“Like most young couples, my husband and I didn’t have money for expensive gifts on our first wedding anniversary, but…”可知，作者虽然没钱买昂贵的礼物作为结婚纪念日的礼物，但是“满足”互换周年纪念卡。故选B项。
【17题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们住在一起，世界上没有任何礼物能代表我们对彼此的爱。A. fortune运气；B. wedding婚礼；C. gift礼物；D. feeling感觉。根据上文中的“I didn’t have money for expensive gifts on our first wedding anniversary”可知，此处指的是纪念日“礼物”。故选C项。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们住在一起，世界上没有任何礼物能代表我们对彼此的爱。A. reward奖励；B. review回顾；C. represent代表；D. renew更新。结合常识可知，赠送礼物的目的是表达彼此之间的爱，所以此处指的是没有什么礼物能“代表”彼此的爱。故选C项。
【19题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以当邮递员敲门时，我很惊讶地看到了一个来自我母亲的包裹。A. salesman销售员；B. mailman邮递员；C. dustman清洁工；D. milkman牛奶工。根据下文中的“I was very surprised to see a package from my mother.”可知，送包裹的应该是“邮递员”。故选B项。
【20题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我急切而好奇地想看看里面装的是什么，赶紧撕开盒子，眼里立刻充满了泪水。A. worried担心的；B. angry生气的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. curious好奇的。根据上文中的“Eager”以及“I was very surprised to see a package from my mother.”可知，作者很“好奇”里面是什么礼物。故选D项。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我急切而好奇地想看看里面装的是什么，赶紧撕开盒子，眼里立刻充满了泪水。A. regularly定期的；B. immediately立刻；C. obviously显而易见；D. recently最近。根据上文中的“Eager and ___5___ to see what in it, I quickly tore open the box”以及下文中“Inside the box was a neatly folded ___7___ my mother had made by hand.”可知，作者急切打开包裹，看到妈妈给他们的礼物，应该是“马上”被里面的礼物所感动。故选B项。
22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：盒子里有一条叠得整整齐齐的被子，是母亲亲手缝制的。A. quilt被子；B. card卡片；C. coat大衣；D. blanket毯子。根据下文中的“Together with the quilt was a note from my mother ___9___ ”可知，此处指的是“被子”。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它是白色的，有玫瑰图案，金线，背面是美丽的紫色花朵。A. materials材料；B. patterns模式，图案；C. labels标签；D. sizes尺寸。根据上文的“rose”以及下文中的“gold thread and its backing was made up of beautiful purple flowers.”可知，作者看到的是被子的上的图案。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：和被子一起的还有一张母亲的纸条，上面写着：“斯蒂芬妮和科里，周年快乐！……”。A. saying说，写着；B. drawing绘画；C. covering覆盖；D. printing打印。根据下文中的““Stephanie and Corey, Happy Anniversary! Enclosed is your Wedding Ring quilt. May this quilt keep you warm when times are cold and ___10___ you of the promise you made at your wedding.””可知，此处指的是妈妈便条上的内容，即对作者夫妇想说的话，所以译为“写着”符合语境。 故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：愿这条棉被在你寒冷的时候给你温暖，提醒你在婚礼上许下的承诺。A. command命令；B. direct指引；C. remind提醒；D. inform告知。结合便条上的内容可知，母亲既给他们送上祝福，又是 “提醒”作者夫妇不要忘记结婚誓言。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：我的感动难以言表。A. over在……上面；B. through穿过；C. between在两者间；D. beyond超越。根据上文中的“I was touched”可知，作者被感动的“无以言表”，也就是“超出”了话语所能表达的。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我知道我妈妈为了能成功作好被子，肯定做出了很多牺牲。A. impossibly不可能；B. surely肯定地；C. merely仅仅；D. rarely罕见地。根据下文中的“…had sacrificed to be able to make it”可知，作者猜测母亲为了能够做好被子，“肯定”做出很多牺牲。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我可以想象我的母亲结束了漫长的一天工作回到家，熬夜拼接被子。A. remembered记住；B. noticed注意；C. pictured构想；D. appreciated欣赏。根据下文中的“in mind”可知，此处指的是在大脑中“想象，构想”母亲做被子的场景。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我可以想象我的母亲结束了漫长的一天工作回到家，熬夜拼凑被子。A. looking up向上看；B. standing up起身；C. waking up醒过来；D. staying up熬夜。根据上文中的“I knew my mom ___12___ had sacrificed to be able to make it.”可知，母亲为了能给作者做好被子做出很多牺牲，所以此处指的是“熬夜”做被子。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫和我都知道，每一针，我妈妈的爱都被缝进了被子里。A. sympathy同情；B. love爱；C. gratitude感激；D. pride自豪。根据上文中母亲便签上的内容以及下文中的“Mother’s love is the beautiful emotion of human beings”可知，缝制的被子的一针一线都包含着母亲的“爱”在里面。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：自我们一起庆祝结婚一周年，已经过去许多年了，但我们谁也没有忘记那床被子。A. before在……之前；B. when当……时候；C. since自从；D. as当……时候，因为。根据空前的“Many years have passed”以及空后的“we celebrated our first anniversary together”逻辑关系以及时态可知，此处指的是时间“自从”符合语境。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：自我们一起庆祝结婚一周年，已经过去许多年了，但我们谁也没有忘记那床被子。A. forgotten忘记；B. faded褪色；C. inquired问询；D. liked喜欢。根据上文中的“Many years have passed ___16___ we celebrated our first anniversary together, but…”可知，时间已经过去很多年，但是作者夫妇都没有“忘记”这床被子。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫总是开玩笑说，我收到的最好的周年纪念礼物不是他送的，而是我母亲送的，我同意这个说法。A. complains抱怨；B. jokes开玩笑；C. determines下决心；D. argues争辩。根据下文中的“that the best anniversary gift I have ever ___19___ wasn’t from him but from my mother”可知，这是作者丈夫跟作者“开玩笑”所说的话。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫总是开玩笑说，我收到的最好的周年纪念礼物不是他送的，而是我母亲送的，我同意这个说法。A. made生产，使让；B. received收到；C. sent发送；D. bought买。结合常识可知，结婚纪念日应该是“收到”礼物。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：母爱是人类美好的情感，它是不掺杂着利益和财富的心的。A. mixed混合；B. separated分离；C. convinced使信服；D. distinguished区别，辨别。根据上文中的“Mother’s love is the beautiful emotion of human beings”可知，母亲的爱是人类最美好的情感，由此可知，它不可能“惨杂”利益和财富。故选A项。
第二部分：阅读理解(共20小题，每小题2. 5分，满分50分)
A
Choosing a major, which is the specialized area of your college study, can be overwhelming. But have no fear! Your choice of major will not lock you into a specific career for the rest of your life. And the major you choose will neither predict nor guarantee your future. Consider these factors when picking your major.
Career Prep
Choose a major because it will prepare you for a specific career path or advanced study. Maybe you already know that you want to be a nurse, a day trader, or a web developer. Before you declare, take a class or two in the relevant discipline, check out the syllabus for an advanced seminar, and talk to students in the department of your choice. Make sure you’re ready for the coursework required for the career of your dreams.
Earning Potential
Future earning potential is worth considering—college is a big investment, and while college can pay you back in many ways beyond salary, this can be a major factor for students who are paying their own way or taking out loans. According to PayScale. com, the majors that lead to the highest salaries include just about any type of engineering, actuarial mathematics, computer science, physics, government, and economics. Keep your quality of life in mind, too—that six figure salary may not be worth it if you’re not happy at the office.
Subjects You Love
Some students choose a major simply because they love the subject matter. If you love what you’re studying, you’re more likely to fully engage with your classes and college experience, and that can mean better grades and great relationships with others in your field. If your calling is philosophy, don’t write it off just because you’re not sure about graduate school, or what the job market holds for philosophers. Many liberal arts majors provide students with critical thinking skills and writing abilities that are highly valued by employers.
Undecided? Explore your interests.
If you truly have no idea what you want to study, that’s okay—many schools don’t require students to declare a major until you are a second-year student. That gives you four semesters to play the field. Exploring your interests will help you find your best fit major-and maybe even your ideal career.
36. You don’t need to feel fearful when choosing your major because ________.
A. your major has completely nothing to do with your future
B. changing career fields are unavoidable in your life
C. you only spend a little time on whatever subject you choose
D. you are not limited to only one particular career for your whole life
37. The underlined word discipline is closest in meaning to ________.
A. theory B. rule C. field D. knowledge
38. What do we learn about from Para. 3?
A. High salary will not be worthwhile at the cost of your unhappy office work.
B. Future career earning is viewed as the top concern for most college students.
C. Your college investment will be all given back to you in the form of high salary.
D. If you choose engineering-related majors, you are sure to earn high salary.
39. What can we infer from the passage?
A. You are advised to choose liberal arts majors for what are provided.
B. Worse grades result from poor relationships with others in college.
C. Some students don’t necessarily need to decide their choices of majors upon entering college.
D. Employers like liberal arts majors more than science majors in job market.
40. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Why is it difficult to choose a major. B. What influences your choice of a major.
C. How can a major affect your career. D. When should you decide your major.
【答案】36. D 37. C 38. A 39. C 40. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在选择专业时考虑的一些因素。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段话“But have no fear! Your choice of major will not lock you into a specific career for the rest of your life. (但是不要害怕！你所选择的专业不会将你的余生锁定在一个特定的职业中。)”可知，当你选择专业的时候，你不需要感到害怕，因为你的一生不会限定于一个特定的职业。故选D项。
【37题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第二段话“Before you declare, take a class or two in the relevant discipline, check out the syllabus for an advanced seminar, and talk to students in the department of your choice.(在你宣布之前，在相关_______上一两节课，查看高级研讨会的教学大纲，并与你选择的系的学生交谈。)”可知，由选修相关的课程，可以猜测discipline意为“领域，学科”。故选C项。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段话“Keep your quality of life in mind, too—that six figure salary may not be worth it if you’re not happy at the office.(同时也要记住你的生活质量——如果你在办公室不开心，那么六位数的薪水可能就不值得了。)”可知，以你不愉快的办公室工作为代价，高薪是不值得的。故选A项。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段话“If you truly have no idea what you want to study, that’s okay—many schools don’t require students to declare a major until you are a second-year student.(如果你真的不知道自己想学什么，没关系——许多学校直到二年级才要求学生申报专业。)”可知，一些学生在进入大学时不一定要决定他们的专业选择。故选C项。
【40题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是根据文章第一段话“Consider these factors when picking your major.(在选择专业时考虑这些因素。)”可知，本文介绍了影响专业选择的因素。故选B项。
B
I had not hugged a friend or a family member for more than two years until recently when my sister-in-law flew in for a brief visit. For everyone’s safety, we met outside. Despite the wintry weather, her hug warmed me from the inside out. It’s strange, but only now do I truly realize how much I’ve missed embracing loved ones-- the warmth that remains long after our arms have loosened.
Growing up through war in my hometown of Sarajevo, Bosnia, every moment was full of danger. On one peaceful morning. I had begged my mom to let me go outside after spending weeks wilting (蔫) indoors. She finally agreed. I was outside for only 10 minutes when I was caught in an explosion. I ran to my neighbor’s house for safety and threw my arms around her neck just as my legs collapsed underneath me. She hugged me with both arms and dragged me into her house. I was still in her arms when the ambulance arrived.
Thankfully. I made a full physical recovery, but the emotional scars never left me. Years later there was another explosion near my house. I was safely inside, but my father had left to buy a loaf of bread. He had only just missed the blast. When he came back inside, I gave him the biggest hug imaginable. I was caked in tears as I held him tight.
That same night my parents managed to arrange my escape from our war-torn city. They desperately wanted at least some of my childhood to be normal. I was 16 and came to America on my own. A generous host family took me in and I began learning English and going to school. They had a large dog called Oscar. Over the next several months, I secretly struggled with feeling homesick and worried about my family back home. Despite managing quite well at school, I couldn’t express my feelings. The only way I shared how I felt was by giving Oscar a big hug.
It is yet another sad aspect of our pandemic lives that hugging a stranger is the last thing on our minds. For many of us, even hugging a relative or a friend comes with stress and anxiety over risks and precautions (防范). Perhaps we have undervalued the impact of a simple hug. As I look back on my past, I count myself truly lucky to have been held, shielded and encouraged at some of the most key moments of my life by the almost super power of a hug. I pray that in the not-so-distant future we can safely hold one another again - a friend, relative, or even a stranger.
41. Why did the author mention her sister-in-law’s visit at the beginning?
A. It reminded the author of her past hugs.
B. It encouraged the author to hug strangers.
C. It made the author think of her large family.
D. It made the author forget the pandemic temporarily.
42. What happened to the author when she lived in her hometown of Sarajevo, Bosnia?
A. Her leg collapsed in an explosion.
B. Her mother loved her too much to send her to America.
C. She was warmed by her neighbor’s hug.
D. She recovered quickly from the wounds of the war.
43. How did the author feel when she hugged her father?
A. Frightened B. Relieved C. Embarrassed D. Astonished
44. What problem did the author find after she came to America?
A. She was treated badly by her host family.
B. She couldn’t catch up with her classmates at school.
C. She couldn’t adapt to the new environment.
D. She missed and worried about her family members.
45. What is the author’s purpose in writing this article?
A. To express how she feels about war.
B. To share how important hugs are to her.
C. To introduce the ups and downs in her life.
D. To complain about the impact of the pandemic.
【答案】41. A 42. C 43. B 44. D 45. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者嫂子来拜访作者，见面时拥抱了作者，这让作者想起来过去对别人拥抱的重要经历，并告诉我们一个简单的拥抱会对自己和别人产生重要的影响。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“I had not hugged a friend or a family member for more than two years until recently when my sister-in-law flew in for a brief visit. For everyone’s safety, we met outside. Despite the wintry weather, her hug warmed me from the inside out. It’s strange, but only now do I truly realize how much I’ve missed embracing loved ones-- the warmth that remains long after our arms have loosened.(我已经有两年多没有拥抱过一个朋友或家人了，直到最近，我的嫂子飞过来做了一次短暂的拜访。为了大家的安全，我们在外面见过。尽管天气寒冷，她的拥抱还是让我由内而外感到温暖。这很奇怪，但直到现在我才真正意识到我有多么怀念拥抱所爱的人——在我们的手臂松开很久之后仍然保持的温暖。)”和下文讲到作者小时候拥抱别人的事可推知，作者一开始就提到嫂子的来访，这是因为这让作者想起了她以前的拥抱。故选A。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Growing up through war in my hometown of Sarajevo, Bosnia, every moment was full of danger.....I ran to my neighbor’s house for safety and threw my arms around her neck just as my legs collapsed underneath me. She hugged me with both arms and dragged me into her house. I was still in her arms when the ambulance arrived.(在我的家乡波斯尼亚的Sarajevo，战争中长大，每时每刻都充满了危险……我跑到邻居家寻求安全，双臂环绕在她的脖子上，而我的双腿却倒在了地上。她用双臂拥抱了我，把我拖进了她家。救护车来的时候我还在她怀里。)”可知，当作者住在家乡波斯尼亚的Sarajevo时，她被邻居的拥抱温暖了。故选C。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“He had only just missed the blast. When he came back inside, I gave him the biggest hug imaginable. I was caked in tears as I held him tight.(他刚好错过了爆炸。当他回来的时候，我给了他一个你能想象到的最大的拥抱。我紧紧地抱着他，泪流满面。)”可知，作者的爸爸错过了爆炸，安全回到家，由此可推知，作者拥抱爸爸的时候感到如释重负，故选B。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“I was 16 and came to America on my own......Over the next several months, I secretly struggled with feeling homesick and worried about my family back home. ( 那年我16岁，独自一人来到美国……在接下来的几个月里，我暗暗地为思乡和担心家人而苦苦挣扎。)”可知，在作者到达美国后，她很想念并担心她的家人。故选D。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“Perhaps we have undervalued the impact of a simple hug. As I look back on my past, I count myself truly lucky to have been held, shielded and encouraged at some of the most key moments of my life by the almost super power of a hug. I pray that in the not-so-distant future we can safely hold one another again - a friend, relative, or even a stranger.(也许我们低估了一个简单拥抱的影响。当我回顾过去的时候，我觉得自己真的很幸运，在我生命中最关键的时刻被拥抱的力量所拥抱、保护和鼓励。我祈祷在不久的将来，我们能够再次安全地拥抱彼此——一个朋友，一个亲戚，甚至一个陌生人。)”可知，作者嫂子来拜访作者，见面时拥抱了作者，这让作者想起来过去对别人拥抱的重要经历，并告诉我们一个简单的拥抱会产生重要的影响。由此可推知，作者的写作目的是分享拥抱对她有多重要。故选B。
C
Do you play video games? If so, you aren’t alone. Video games are becoming more common and are increasingly enjoyed by adults. The average age of gamers has been increasing and was estimated to be 35 in 2016. Changing technology also means that more people are exposed to video games. A new breed of casual gamers has come, who play on smart phones and tablets at spare moments throughout the day. But do they have any effect on our brains and behavior?
Over the years, the media have made various claims about video games and their effect on our health and happiness. “Games have sometimes been praised or demonized, often without real data backing up those claims. Moreover, gaming is a popular activity, so everyone seems to have strong opinions on the topic”, says Marc Palaus, who with his colleagues wanted to see if any trends had appeared from the research to date concerning how video games affect the structure and activity of our brains. They collected the results from 116 scientific studies, 22 of which looked at structural changes in the brain and 100 of which looked at changes in brain functionality and behavior.
The studies show that playing video games can change how our brains perform; and even their structure. For example, playing video games affects our attention, and some studies found that gamers show improvements in several types of attention, such as sustained attention or selective attention. Video games can also be addictive, and this kind of addiction is called “Internet gaming disorder”. Researchers have found functional and structural changes in the neural (神经的) reward system in gaming addicts. These neural changes are basically the same as those seen in other addictive disorders.
So, what do all these brain changes mean? “We focused on how the brain reacts to video game exposure, but these effects do not always translate to real-life changes,” says Palaus. As video games are still quite new, the research into their effects is still in its babyhood.
46. What factor causes a new breed of casual gamers to appear?
A. Video games become more and more attractive.
B. The pressure from work becomes bigger and bigger.
C. Modern adults are usually very curious about new things.
D. The development of technology makes games easily accessible.
47. What does Palaus’ research focus on?
A. Why video games affect brains.
B. How video games function in daily life.
C. What effects video games have on gamers’ brains.
D Which brain regions are affected by video games.
48. By what way does Palaus carry out his research?
A. By experiencing video games. B. By interviewing video gamers.
C. By doing scientific experiments. D. By analyzing new scientific studies.
49. According to the research, why do some gamers get addicted to video games?
A. Because their physical health is damaged.
B. Because their memory systems are disturbed.
C. Because their neural reward systems are changed.
D. Because their communicative ability is weakened.
50. The last paragraph indicates that ________.
A. video games bring harm instead of benefits
B. the influence of video games needs a further study
C. there should be certain laws to regulate video games
D. the average age of video gamers has been increasing
【答案】46. D 47. C 48. D 49. C 50. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项电子游戏对游戏玩家大脑的影响的研究，研究表明，一些游戏玩家会对电子游戏上瘾的原因是他们的神经奖励系统发生了改变。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Changing technology also means that more people are exposed to video games. A new breed of casual gamers has come, who play on smart phones and tablets at spare moments throughout the day. (不断变化的技术也意味着更多的人接触电子游戏。新一代的休闲游戏玩家已经出现，他们在空闲时间玩智能手机和平板电脑。)”可知，科技的发展使得游戏更容易获得，这导致了新一代休闲游戏玩家的出现，故选D。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Moreover, gaming is a popular activity, so everyone seems to have strong opinions on the topic”, says Marc Palaus, who with his colleagues wanted to see if any trends had appeared from the research to date concerning how video games affect the structure and activity of our brains.(“此外，游戏是一种受欢迎的活动，所以似乎每个人都对这个话题有着强烈的看法。”Marc Palaus和他的同事们想看看迄今为止关于电子游戏如何影响我们大脑结构和活动的研究中是否出现了任何趋势。)”可知，Palaus的研究重点是电子游戏对游戏玩家大脑的影响。故选C。
【48题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“They collected the results from 116 scientific studies, 22 of which looked at structural changes in the brain and 100 of which looked at changes in brain functionality and behavior.(他们收集了116项科学研究的结果，其中22项研究了大脑的结构变化，100项研究了大脑功能和行为的变化。)”可知，Palaus是通过分析新的科学研究来进行他的研究的，故选D。
【49题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Researchers have found functional and structural changes in the neural (神经的) reward system in gaming addicts. (研究人员发现，游戏成瘾者的神经奖励系统在功能和结构上都发生了变化)”可知，根据研究可知，一些游戏玩家会对电子游戏上瘾的原因是他们的神经奖励系统发生了改变。故选C。
【50题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“As video games are still quite new, the research into their effects is still in its babyhood.(由于电子游戏仍然相当新，对其效果的研究仍然处于婴儿期。)”可推知，电子游戏的影响需要进一步的研究，故选B。
D
According to the majority of Americans, women are every bit as capable of being good political leaders as men. The same can be said of their ability to dominate the corporate boardroom. And according to a new Pew Research Center survey on women and leadership, most Americans find women indistinguishable from men on key leadership traits such as intelligence and capacity for innovation, with many saying they’re stronger than men in terms of being passionate and organized leaders.
So why, then, are women in short supply at the top of government and business in the United States? According to the public, at least, it’s not that they lack toughness, management talent or proper skill sets.
It’s also not all about work-life balance. Although economic research and previous survey findings have shown that career interruptions related to motherhood may make it harder for women to advance in their careers and compete for top executive (领导层) jobs, relatively few adults in the recent survey point to this as a key barrier for women seeking leadership roles. Only about one-in-five say women’s family responsibilities are a major reason why there aren’t more females in top leadership positions in business and politics.
Instead, topping the list of reasons, about four-in-ten Americans point to a double standard for women seeking to climb to the highest levels of either politics or business, where they have to do more than their male counterparts to prove themselves. Similar shares say the electorate (选民) and corporate America are just not ready to put more women in top leadership positions.
As a result, the public is divided about whether the imbalance in corporate America will change in the foreseeable future, even though women have made major advances in the workplace. While 53% believe men will continue to hold more top executive positions in business in the future, 44% say it’s only a matter of time before as many women are in top executive positions as men. Americans are less doubtful when it comes to politics: 73% expect to see a female president in their lifetime.
51. What do most Americans think of women leaders according to a new Pew Research Center survey?
A. They have to do more to distinguish themselves.
B. They have to strive harder to win their positions.
C. They are stronger than men in terms of willpower.
D. They are just as intelligent and innovative as men.
52. What do we learn from previous survey findings about women seeking leadership roles?
A. They have unconquerable difficulties on their way to success.
B. They are lacking in confidence when competing with men.
C. Their failures may have something to do with family duties.
D. Relatively few are hindered in their career advancement.
53. What is the primary factor keeping women from taking top leadership positions according to the recent survey?
A. Personality traits. B. Sex discrimination.
C. Family responsibilities. D. Lack of vacancies.
54. What does the passage say about corporate America in the near future?
A. More and more women will sit in the boardroom.
B. Gender imbalance in leadership is likely to change.
C. The public is undecided about whether women will make good leaders.
D. People have opposing opinions as to whether it will have more women leaders.
55. What do most Americans expect to see soon on America’s political stage?
A. A woman in the highest position of government.
B. More and more women actively engaged in politics.
C. A majority of women voting for a female president.
D. As many women in top government positions as men.
【答案】51. D 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究调查结果，该研究显示，大多数美国人发现，在智力和创新能力等关键领导特质上，女性与男性没有什么区别，许多人表示，在激情和有条理的领导方面，女性比男性更强。
【51题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“And according to a new Pew Research Center survey on women and leadership, most Americans find women indistinguishable from men on key leadership traits such as intelligence and capacity for innovation, with many saying they’re stronger than men in terms of being passionate and organized leaders.(皮尤研究中心一项关于女性和领导力的新调查显示，大多数美国人发现，在智力和创新能力等关键领导特质上，女性与男性没有什么区别，许多人表示，在激情和有条理的领导方面，女性比男性更强)”可知，大多数美国人发现，女性在领导力方面和男性没有区别。故选D。
【52题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Although economic research and previous survey findings have shown that career interruptions related to motherhood may make it harder for women to advance in their careers and compete for top executive (领导层) jobs,relatively few adults in the recent survey point to this as a key barrier for women seeking leadership roles.(尽管经济研究和之前的调查结果表明，与母亲有关的职业中断可能会使女性更难在事业上取得进步，更难竞争领导层，但在最近的调查中，相对较少的成年人指出这是女性寻求领导职位的主要障碍)”可知，之前的研究表明，女性很难竞争领导层是和家庭责任相关。故选C。
【53题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Instead, topping the list of reasons, about four-in-ten Americans point to a double standard for women seeking to climb to the highest levels of either politics or business, where they have to do more than their male counterparts to prove themselves. (相反，排在第一位的原因是，大约40%的美国人指出，女性在寻求爬到政治或商业的最高层时存在双重标准，她们必须比男性同行做更多的事情来证明自己。)”可知，女性之所以很难到达管理最高层的原因是存在性别歧视，她们需要比男性做更多的事情来证明自己。故选B。
【54题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“As a result, the public is divided about whether the imbalance in corporate America will change in the foreseeable future, even though women have made major advances in the workplace. While 53% believe men will continue to hold more top executive positions in business in the future, 44% say it’s only a matter of time before as many women are in top executive positions as men.(因此，尽管女性在职场已经取得了重大进展，但公众对美国企业界的这种不平衡在可预见的未来是否会改变持不同意见。虽然53%的女性认为，未来男性将继续在商界担任更多的高管职位，但44%的女性表示，女性担任高管职位的人数与男性一样多只是时间问题)”可知，对于是否会有更多的女性领导人，人们有不同的意见。故选D。
【55题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Americans are less doubtful when it comes to politics: 73% expect to see a female president in their lifetime.(在政治方面，美国人不那么怀疑：73%的人希望在他们的一生中看到一位女总统)”可知，大多数美国人希望女性能够担任政府最高职位。故选A。
第Ⅱ卷(共35分)
第三部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节：阅读表达(共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，按照要求完成阅读任务。
Growing up poor and having parents who didn’t receive a good education, I often struggled at school. What was worse, my parents often moved to different places. They likely did not realize the damaging effects it had on my learning as they moved from apartment to apartment, year after year. I attended seven different schools from kindergarten through the 8th grade. With a fragmented (片段的) education, I entered high school, not doing well in literacy and math. But it was not until I attended a major public state university that I really understood the academic gaps that I had in comparison to my peers. I had to work particularly hard to not only understand the textbooks and lectures, but also catch myself up in basic skills of writing and comprehension. But I wasn’t the one to forgo. No matter how hard it was, I persisted.
Today, I have many degrees, three of them are Master’s Degrees and I am currently in my second year of studying for my doctorate in Educational Leadership.
I share my story for various reasons, but mainly due to the hope that another young child, possibly growing up poor, can realize that an education is the ticket to the quality of life. It can happen for that child. One can be successful! One can overcome all obstacles.
Some days will be extremely tougher than others and someday those accomplishments will glow (发光), but giving up is not a wise choice. It certainly won’t lead to the light at the end of the tunnel. Therefore, we should take advantage of the challenges and difficulties to make us stronger and reflect on how to beat all the differences. We should foster our thinking that current challenges have been designed to build upon our strength, not tear us down. In this way, we can fulfill our long-term goals.
56. What made the author’s study much worse when he was a child? (no more than 5 words)
______________________________________________________________________
57. What did the author realize after attending a major public state university? (no more than 10 words)
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58. How do you understand the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2? (no more than 10 words)
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59. Why did the author want to share his story? (no more than 15 words)
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60. What do you learn from the author’s story? (no more than 20 words)
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【答案】56. Changing schools constantly./That he changed school constantly./Moving to different places./That his parents often moved.
57. He wasn’t doing as well as others academically./The academic gaps that he had./He realized he had academic gaps.
58. I didn’t give up easily./I never gave up easily.
59. Because he wanted to inspire young children whose experiences are similar to his./Because he hoped others realized education was the ticket to the quality of life.
To inspire young children who experienced the same thing./To make others realize that education was the ticket to the quality of life.
60. We shouldn’t let difficulties in our life hold us back; instead we should be determined and bravely overcome them.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者出身贫寒，没有受过良好的教育，在学校过得很艰难，更糟糕的是父母经常搬家，这导致作者小时候学习变得很糟糕，直到作者进入一所主要的公立州立大学，才真正理解了自己与同龄人之间的学术差距，但是作者不管多么困难，都坚持学习，最终获得了博士学位。作者通过自己的故事想要告诉我们：我们不应该让生活中的困难阻碍我们，相反，我们应该下定决心，勇敢地克服困难。
【56题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Growing up poor and having parents who didn’t receive a good education, I often struggled at school. What was worse, my parents often moved to different places. (我出身贫寒，父母没有受过良好的教育，所以我在学校经常过得很艰难。更糟糕的是，我的父母经常搬到不同的地方。)”可知，父母经常搬家，即作者经常换学校，让作者小时候的学习变得更糟糕，故填Changing schools constantly./That he changed school constantly./Moving to different places./That his parents often moved.
【57题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段中“But it was not until I attended a major public state university that I really understood the academic gaps that I had in comparison to my peers.(但直到我进入一所主要的公立州立大学，我才真正理解了我与同龄人之间的学术差距。)”可知，作者在进入一所重点公立大学后意识到了自己与同龄人之间的学术差距，故填He wasn’t doing as well as others academically./The academic gaps that he had./He realized he had academic gaps.
58题详解】
考查词句猜测。根据画线句子下文“No matter how hard it was, I persisted.(不管有多困难，我都坚持下来了。)”可知，不管多么困难，作者都坚持下来了，没有轻易放弃，由此可推知，画线句子的意思是，作者不会轻易放弃，故填I didn’t give up easily./I never gave up easily.
【59题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段中“I share my story for various reasons, but mainly due to the hope that another young child, possibly growing up poor, can realize that an education is the ticket to the quality of life. ( 我分享我的故事有很多原因，但主要是因为我希望另一个可能在贫困中长大的孩子能够意识到教育是提高生活质量的门票。)”可知，作者想分享自己故事的原因是希望在贫困中长大的孩子能意识到教育是提高生活质量的门票，即来激励那些和他经历相似的孩子。故填Because he wanted to inspire young children whose experiences are similar to his./Because he hoped others realized education was the ticket to the quality of life./To inspire young children who experienced the same thing./To make others realize that education was the ticket to the quality of life.
【60题详解】
开放试题，言之有理即可。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“Therefore, we should take advantage of the challenges and difficulties to make us stronger and reflect on how to beat all the differences. We should foster our thinking that current challenges have been designed to build upon our strength, not tear us down. In this way, we can fulfill our long-term goals.(因此，我们应该利用挑战和困难，使我们更加强大，并思考如何战胜所有的分歧。我们应该培养我们的思维，即目前的挑战是为了巩固我们的力量，而不是摧毁我们。这样，我们就能实现我们的长期目标。)”可知，作者通过自己的故事，想要告诉我们：我们不应该让生活中的困难阻碍我们，相反，我们应该下定决心，勇敢地克服困难。故填We shouldn’t let difficulties in our life hold us back; instead we should be determined and bravely overcome them.
第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
61. 假如你是李华，你校体育部计划与学习部合办主题为“体育与健康”的英语征文比赛，请写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1．学生参与体育运动的情况；
2．体育运动的重要性；
3．提出倡议。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Regular Exercise, Energetic Life
It goes without saying that physical education is of great benefit to our heath. However, as far as I am concerned, the situation is not so optimistic in our school. Many a student tends to skip PE classes and chooses to stay in the classroom, which is unacceptable.
As we all know, exercising on a regular basis can energize our body, so that our learning efficiency can be improved. Additionally, exercising makes us energetic, helping us avoid being sleepy in class and keep away from certain diseases. Lastly, by overcoming difficulties during exercise, we can be stronger both physically and mentally, and more willing to accept challenges.
Let’s engage ourselves in sports! Make a change now, and you will become better in the future.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生就你校体育部计划与学习部合办主题为“体育与健康”的英语征文比赛写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1．学生参与体育运动的情况；2．体育运动的重要性；3．提出倡议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
很有益的： of great benefit→very beneficial
定期地：on a regular basis→regularly
此外：Additionally→In addition
远离：keep away from→stay away from
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Additionally, exercising makes us energetic, helping us avoid being sleepy in class and keep away from certain diseases.
拓展句：Additionally, exercising makes us energetic, which helps us avoid being sleepy in class and keep away from certain diseases.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Many a student tends to skip PE classes and chooses to stay in the classroom, which is unacceptable.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]As we all know, exercising on a regular basis can energize our body, so that our learning efficiency can be improved. (运用了as引导非限制性定语从和so that引导的目的状语从句)