河北省衡水市第二中学2023届高三英语下学期三模试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份河北省衡水市第二中学2023届高三英语下学期三模试题（Word版附解析），共24页。试卷主要包含了15， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。

河北省衡水市第二中学2023届高考第三次模拟演练
英语
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段 对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A.&19.15. B.&9.18. C.&9.15.
答案是C。
1.What time is it now?
A.6:10. B.6:30. C.6:50.
2. What did the man want to do?
A.Go to B&C Company.
B. Prepare for the meeting.
C. Discuss something with Tina.
3. What does the man invite the woman to do this weekend?
A. Go swimming. B. Go cycling C. Go boating
4. How will the speakers go to the basketball game?
A.By bike. B. By subway. C. By car
5. Which aspect of Catherine are the speakers talking about?
A. Her eating habits. B. Her childhood. C. Her mealtime.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In the office. B. At home. C. At the doctor’s.
7. What is the man going to buy?
A. Medicine. B.Food. C. Masks.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What will the speakers do this weekend?
A. Go shopping. B. See a film. C. Go for a picnic.
9. What does the man think of cooking food in Tava?
A.It depends. B. It’s a good idea. C. It’s forbidden
10. What can the speakers do in Tava?
A.Play basketball. B. Enjoy the beach. C. Make some friends.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11.What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?
ACo-workers. B.Waiter and customer. C. Husband and wife.
12. What do the speakers choose in the end?
A. Japanese food. B. Thai food. C. Chinese food.
13.What can be learned about the man?
A. He develops apps. B. He is a manager C. He often eats out.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What is the man?
A. A teacher. B. A host. C. A banker.
15.When can you use the first way according to the woman?
A. When chatting with a stranger.
B. When opening a bank account.
C. When introducing yourself.
16. What is the second way to deal with the difficult conversation?
A. Asking the speaker to repeat.
B. Speaking slowly to the speaker.
C. Summarizing the conversation.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.How many local chapters does the Surfrider Foundation have in America?
A.40. B.60. C.90.
18.What was the original purpose of the Surfrider Foundation?
A. To promote water sports.
B. To protect Malibu Beach.
CTo offer ocean adventures.
19. Which best describes the Foundation’s relationship with local governments?
A.Cooperative. B. Inseparable. C. Uneasy
20.What topic about the Foundation will the speaker talk about next?
A. Its history. B. Its principles. C. Its future plan
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Here are some books written by Joyce Grant.
Can You Believe It
Publisher: Kids Can Press
Published in 2022, it explores in depth how real journalism is made, what false news is, and most importantly, how to spot the difference. It gives readers context they can use, such as how bias(偏见) can come into news reporting secretly. Young kids get most of their information online. This must-read guide helps them decide which information they can trust and which they can’t.
Gabby: Drama Queen
Publisher: Fitzhenry & Whiteside Publishing
It was published three years later than Tagged Out. Little kid Gabby and her friend Roy are setting up a stage for their play about “Queen Gabriella”. Using her magic letter book, Gabby puts letters together to create words that will turn into various props(道具) .When they finally have everything they need, they’re ready to perform for their elderly next-door neighbor, Mrs. Oldham.
Tagged Out
Publisher:Lorimer Kids and Teens
Published in 2016 and full of kid-friendly information, it’s an excellent read, especially the description of the action during the games. Reading it makes readers feel like they’re right there watching the game and feeling what the kids feel in success and in failure. Grant reflects the attitudes and behaviors of today’s young teens and makes each of her characters real.
Stiding Home
Publisher:Lorimer Kids and Teens
It came out in 2018. When young Miguel’s family becomes desperate, a solution comes from Miguel’s baseball teammate, who suggests a big baseball money-raising campaign. As the team learns about the hard realities some kids face and helps them wholeheartedly, Miguel learns to trust his teammates.
1. What’s the book Can You Believe It mainly about?
A. Journalism.
B. Family love.
C. Games.
D. Stage performance.
2. Which book was published first?
A. Tagged Out
B. Sliding Home
C. Can You Believe It
D. Gabby:Drama Queen
3. Who are the listed books intended for?
A. Young parents.
B. Young kids.
C. Media journalists.
D. Children’s writers.
【答案】1. A 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些由Joyce Grant写的书。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Can You Believe It中的“Published in 2022, it explores in depth how real journalism is made, what false news is, and most importantly, how to spot the difference.(该书于2022年出版，深入探讨了真正的新闻是如何制作的，什么是假新闻，最重要的是，如何发现两者的区别。)”可知，《你能相信吗?》这本书主要讲的是新闻。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Can You Believe It中的“Published in 2022, it explores in depth how real journalism is made, what false news is, and most importantly, how to spot the difference.(该书于2022年出版，深入探讨了真正的新闻是如何制作的，什么是假新闻，最重要的是，如何发现两者的区别。)”、Gabby: Drama Queen中的“It was published three years later than Tagged Out. (它的出版时间比《Tagged Out》晚了三年。)”、Tagged Out中的“Published in 2016 and full of kid-friendly information, it’s an excellent read, especially the description of the action during the games. (这本书出版于2016年，充满了对孩子们友好的信息，是一本很好的读物，尤其是对游戏过程中的动作的描述。)”和Stiding Home中的“It came out in 2018. When young Miguel’s family becomes desperate, a solution comes from Miguel’s baseball teammate, who suggests a big baseball money-raising campaign. (它于2018年上映。当年轻的米格尔的家庭陷入绝望时，米格尔的棒球队友提出了一个解决方案，他建议举办一场大型的棒球筹款活动。)”可知，《Tagged Out》这本书是最先出版的。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Can You Believe It中的“Young kids get most of their information online. This must-read guide helps them decide which information they can trust and which they can’t. (小孩子的大部分信息都是在网上获得的。这个必读指南帮助他们决定哪些信息可以信任，哪些不能。)”、Gabby: Drama Queen中的“Little kid Gabby and her friend Roy are setting up a stage for their play about “Queen Gabriella”. (小姑娘Gabby和她的朋友Roy正在为他们的戏剧“Queen Gabriella”搭建舞台。)”、Tagged Out中的“Published in 2016 and full of kid-friendly information, it’s an excellent read, especially the description of the action during the games. (这本书出版于2016年，充满了对孩子们友好的信息，是一本很好的读物，尤其是对游戏过程中的动作的描述。)”和Stiding Home中的“As the team learns about the hard realities some kids face and helps them wholeheartedly, Miguel learns to trust his teammates. (当团队了解到一些孩子所面临的艰难现实并全心全意地帮助他们时，Miguel 学会了信任他的队友。)”可推断，所列出的四本书是年幼的孩子看的。故选B。
B
On November 11, a woman from the United Kingdom set out to explore Antarctica, in an attempt to become the first female explorer to cross the continent alone and unsupported.
Preet Chandi aims to cover more than 1,100 miles in a journey that will likely take 70 to 75 days. Pulling all her supplies on a sled(雪橇) called a pulk, which weighed more than 250 pounds at the start of her journey, the 33-year-old will battle temperatures of minus 58 degrees Fahrenheit and wind speeds up to 60 miles per hour.
Chandi—also called“Polar Preet”—set a record last year as the first woman of color to complete an unsupported expedition(探险) to the South Pole. She finished the journey in 40 days—just two days longer than Joanna Davidson of Sweden, who holds the female world record.
“A lot of people tell me I don’t look like a polar explorer,”Chandi told BBC News’ Sandish Shoker last year before the trek. “It’s considered out of the norm for an Asian woman to do this—it’s different. And that’s part of the reason why I wanted to do this—for people who don’t fit a certain image.”
Chandi grew up in an Indian Sikh community in England and joined the Army Reserve at age 19. In 2012, she graduated from college, becoming the first in her family to earn a degree.
After running her first half-marathon at 20 years old, Chandi’s appetite for greater challenges started to grow. She has been on hiking and climbing trips across the world, including in Kenya, Morocco, Mexico, Peru, Iceland and Nepal. Earlier this year, she completed the Marathon des Sables, a week-long, 156-mile ultramarathon in the Sahara Desert.
She currently serves in the British Army, organizing training for injured soldiers.
“We are extremely proud to have such a remarkable ambassador, “the General Staff Sharon Nesmith says. ”Captain Chandi has the qualities we seek of all who serve—courage, commitment and the desire to be the best we can be. ”
4. What made Chandi decide on the trip to Antarctica?
A. Seeking financial support. B. Sticking to a promise.
C. Setting an example for soldiers. D. Trying challenging things.
5. What does the underlined word “trek” mean in paragraph 4?
A. Interview. B. Adventure. C. Graduation. D. Ride.
6. What does Sharon Nesmith think of Chandi?
A. Honest. B. Knowledgeable. C. Committed. D. Talented.
7. What is the text mainly about?
A. Setting a world record. B. Challenging oneself.
C. Travelling around the world. D. Seeking a suitable ambassador.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一名来自英国的女子试图成为第一位独自一人在没有支持的情况下穿越南极洲的女性探险家。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“On November 11, a woman from the United Kingdom set out to explore Antarctica, in an attempt to become the first female explorer to cross the continent alone and unsupported.(11月11日，一名来自英国的女子开始探索南极洲，她试图成为第一位独自一人在没有支持的情况下穿越南极洲的女性探险家。)”和第六段第一句“After running her first half-marathon at 20 years old, Chandi’s appetite for greater challenges started to grow.（在20岁第一次跑完半程马拉松后，Chandi对更大挑战的渴望开始增长。）”可知，她之所以要探索南极洲，是试图成为第一位独自一人在没有支持的情况下穿越南极洲的女性探险家，尝试具有挑战性的事情。故选D。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据上文的句子“A lot of people tell me I don’t look like a polar explorer（很多人说我看起来不像极地探险家）”和划线单词下一句““It’s considered out of the norm for an Asian woman to do this—it’s different. And that’s part of the reason why I wanted to do this—for people who don’t fit a certain image.”(亚洲女性这样做被认为是不正常的——这是不一样的。这也是我想做这件事的部分原因——为了那些不符合特定形象的人。)”可知，这番话是在探险之前对着媒体说的，由此推断，划线单词trek指的是“探险”。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““We are extremely proud to have such a remarkable ambassador, “the General Staff Sharon Nesmith says. ”Captain Chandi has the qualities we seek of all who serve—courage, commitment and the desire to be the best we can be. ”(“我们非常自豪能有这样一位杰出的大使，”总参谋部Sharon Nesmith说。Chandi上尉拥有我们在所有服役人员身上追求的品质——勇气、承诺和成为最好的自己的愿望。”)”可知，Sharon Nesmith认为Chandi上尉是一个有勇气的、有承诺的，以及对自己有愿景的人。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“On November 11, a woman from the United Kingdom set out to explore Antarctica, in an attempt to become the first female explorer to cross the continent alone and unsupported.(11月11日，一名来自英国的女子开始探索南极洲，她试图成为第一位独自一人在没有支持的情况下穿越南极洲的女性探险家。)”以及第四段““A lot of people tell me I don’t look like a polar explorer,”Chandi told BBC News’ Sandish Shoker last year before the trek. “It’s considered out of the norm for an Asian woman to do this—it’s different. And that’s part of the reason why I wanted to do this—for people who don’t fit a certain image.”(“很多人告诉我，我看起来不像一个极地探险家，”Chandi去年在徒步旅行之前告诉BBC新闻的Sandish Shoker。亚洲女性这样做被认为是不正常的——这是不一样的。这也是我想做这件事的部分原因——为了那些不符合特定形象的人。”)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述的是Chandi不断挑战自我，创造新纪录的故事。故选B。
C
The average chicken will live for anywhere from three to seven years. That is mostly because there are so many different kinds of chickens living under a wide range of conditions.
In humans’ ongoing exploration to satisfy our desires for chicken noodle soup, wings, and legs, scientists have had to re-engineer the food chicken. In just 70 years, we’ve managed to build a brand-new chicken. It’s a bird with feet that never leave the ground, wings that scarcely shake, and stomaches that only grow bigger. It’s the hybrid ( 杂 交的) hen — perhaps the world’s first purpose-built animal.
As a result, the modern broiler chicken has a life expectancy of around seven weeks. Because that’s about when we like to eat them. Egg-laying chickens have similarly shortened lives. In contrast, what’s known as a heritage hen is similar to the chicken your grandmother may have had. They’re often kept in backyards, where there isn’t such an urgency to maximize egg production. Nature alone influences their genes, and thus heritage hens can live about eight years.
Although the variety is a pretty crucial factor, there is another issue that affects how long a chicken will live. Chickens get diseases, too. For instance, fowl cholera (禽霍乱) goes mostly for a chicken’s organs and joints. It can bring about sudden death in affected birds. Hens don’t have to stress out quite so much, as the disease is known to affect roosters more often than hens. Another life-shortening disease is salmonellosis (沙门氏菌病), a bacterial disease affecting young chickens. In itself, it may not directly kill a chicken. But since humans are sensitive to salmonella-infected meat and eggs, an outbreak could result in a massive killing at its source.
There are a lot of people trying to keep chickens safe. Additives in food, particularly those that strengthen the immune system, and vaccinations may play an important role in keeping a chicken around longer. But it’s also important to keep a chicken healthy, happy, and sheltered.
8. Why did scientists re-engineer chicken genes?
A. To make chickens healthier.
B. To make chickens live longer.
C. To meet human’s demand for chicken.
D. To improve the appearance of chickens.
9. What can we learn about the heritage hens from paragraph 3?
A. They live longer than hybrid hens.
B. They are more popular with customers.
C. They are usually raised by Grandmothers.
D. They won’t be eaten until after their death.
10. What may happen to a salmonella-infected chicken?
A. It may be killed. B. It will be separated.
C. Its organs will be hurt. D. It won’t affect humans.
11. Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A. Some Troubles as a Chicken B. Hybrid vs Heritage Hens
C. How Long Do Chickens Live? D. Want a Chicken to Lead a Long Life?
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在短短70年里，为了满足人类对鸡汤面、鸡翅和鸡腿的渴望，科学家们不得不重新设计食用鸡，缩短了其成熟时间。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In humans’ ongoing exploration to satisfy our desires for chicken noodle soup, wings, and legs, scientists have had to re-engineer the food chicken.(为了满足人类对鸡汤面、鸡翅和鸡腿的渴望，科学家们不得不重新设计食用鸡)”可知，科学家们重新设计食用鸡是为了满足人们对鸡肉的需求。故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“As a result, the modern broiler chicken has a life expectancy of around seven weeks. Because that’s about when we like to eat them. Egg-laying chickens have similarly shortened lives. In contrast, what’s known as a heritage hen is similar to the chicken your grandmother may have had. They’re often kept in backyards, where there isn’t such an urgency to maximize egg production. Nature alone influences their genes, and thus heritage hens can live about eight years.(因此，现代肉鸡的预期寿命约为7周。因为那是我们喜欢吃的时间。蛋鸡的寿命也同样缩短。相比之下，所谓的传统母鸡与你祖母可能养过的鸡相似。它们通常被养在后院，在那里没有那么紧迫地最大化鸡蛋产量。自然会影响它们的基因，因此传统母鸡可以活8年左右)”可知，传统母鸡比杂交鸡寿命长。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Another life-shortening disease is salmonellosis ( 沙 门 氏 菌 病 ) ,a bacterial disease affecting young chickens. In itself, it may not directly kill a chicken. But since humans are sensitive to salmonella-infected meat and eggs, an outbreak could result in a massive killing at its source.(另一种缩短寿命的疾病是沙门氏菌病，这是一种影响雏鸡的细菌性疾病。就其本身而言，它可能不会直接杀死鸡。但由于人类对沙门氏菌感染的肉类和鸡蛋敏感，疫情爆发可能导致源头大量死亡)”可知，由于人类对沙门氏菌感染的肉类和鸡蛋敏感，所以一旦鸡携带该病菌后，就会被杀掉。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“The average chicken will live for anywhere from three to seven years.(一只鸡的平均寿命在三到七年之间)”、第二段“In humans’ ongoing exploration to satisfy our desires for chicken noodle soup, wings, and legs, scientists have had to re-engineer the food chicken. In just 70 years, we’ve managed to build a brand-new chicken. (为了满足人类对鸡汤面、鸡翅和鸡腿的渴望，科学家们不得不重新设计食用鸡。在短短70年里，我们成功地打造了一只全新的鸡)”以及第三段“As a result, the modern broiler chicken has a life expectancy of around seven weeks. (因此，现代肉鸡的预期寿命约为7周)”可知，文章主要讲述的是鸡的寿命。由此可知，“How Long Do Chickens Live?(鸡能活多久？)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。
D
Fluid(流体) intelligence is a decisive factor of human cognition(认知) . Studies show that high fluid intelligence predicts professional success, social mobility, health, and longevity, and also relates to stronger additional cognitive capacities like memory. Now, new research has mapped the parts of the brain that support our ability to think quickly.
“Our findings indicate for the first time that the right frontal regions of the brain are critical to the high-level functions involved in fluid intelligence, such as problem solving and reasoning,” says lead study author Professor Lisa Cipolotti of the UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology.
Despite modern science largely agreeing that fluid intelligence is a key aspect of what makes us human, it’s quite difficult for scientists to study these matters. In order to establish which parts of the brain are necessary for a certain ability, researchers must study patients in whom that part is either missing or damaged. So, earlier studies have mainly made use of functional imaging techniques, which are not entirely accurate and sometimes can be misleading.
This latest project, led by Professor Lisa Cipolotti, included a total of 227 patients who had experienced brain injuries, like a brain tumor or stroke. The team completed this using the Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices (APM): the best-established test of fluid intelligence.
The APM features multiple-choice visual pattern problems of increasing difficulty. Each of the problems shows an incomplete pattern of geometric figures and asks participants to select the missing piece from a set of multiple possible choices.
Next, researchers introduced a novel lesion-deficit mapping(损伤缺陷映射)approach that helped to make out the complex patterns of common brain injuries, such as stroke.
Results show fluid intelligence-damaged performance was mostly limited to patients with right frontal damage, as opposed to a wide set of regions distributed across the brain.
“Our approach of combining novel lesion-deficit mapping with detailed investigation of APM performance in a large sample of patients provides crucial information about the neural basis of fluid intelligence,”Professor Cipolotti concludes.
12. What have the researchers newly found?
A. The function of fluid intelligence.
B. The importance of fluid intelligence.
C. The link between cognition and memory.
D. The position involving fluid intelligence.
13. How do the researchers find the significance of a certain part of brain?
A. Make full use of functional imaging techniques.
B. Establish the structures of each part of the brain.
C. Research people with the disability of the brain.
D. Analyse the difference between brain loss and damage.
14. What is the main purpose of paragraph 5?
A. To list the result of the study. B. To explain the feature of APM.
C. To praise the researchers’ efforts. D. To offer solutions to brain injuries.
15. What does Professor Cipolotti think of the research?
A. Fruitful. B. Perfect. C. Time-consuming D. Labor-saving.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于流体智力研究的成果，一项新的研究已经绘制出了大脑中支持我们快速思考能力的部分。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Now, new research has mapped the parts of the brain that support our ability to think quickly.(现在，一项新的研究已经绘制出了大脑中支持我们快速思考能力的部分。)”以及第二段““Our findings indicate for the first time that the right frontal regions of the brain are critical to the high-level functions involved in fluid intelligence, such as problem solving and reasoning,” says lead study author Professor Lisa Cipolotti of the UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology.(我们的研究结果首次表明，大脑的右额叶区域对流体智力的高级功能至关重要，比如解决问题和推理，”该研究的主要作者、伦敦大学学院皇后广场神经病学研究所的Lisa Cipolotti教授说。)”可知，最新的研究和大脑中影响流体智力的区域有关。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Despite modern science largely agreeing that fluid intelligence is a key aspect of what makes us human, it’s quite difficult for scientists to study these matters. In order to establish which parts of the brain are necessary for a certain ability, researchers must study patients in whom that part is either missing or damaged.(尽管现代科学在很大程度上同意流体智力是使我们成为人类的一个关键方面，但科学家们很难研究这些问题。为了确定大脑的哪些部分对某种能力是必要的，研究人员必须研究那些部分缺失或受损的病人。)”可知，为了确定大脑的哪些部分对某种能力是必要的，研究人员必须研究那些部分缺失或受损的病人。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段“The APM features multiple-choice visual pattern problems of increasing difficulty. Each of the problems shows an incomplete pattern of geometric figures and asks participants to select the missing piece from a set of multiple possible choices.(APM的特点是选择视觉模式问题的难度越来越大。每个问题都展示了一个不完整的几何图形图案，并要求参与者从一系列可能的选择中选择缺失的那一块。)”可知，第五段主要解释了APM的特点。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Our approach of combining novel lesion-deficit mapping with detailed investigation of APM performance in a large sample of patients provides crucial information about the neural basis of fluid intelligence,” Professor Cipolotti concludes.(Cipolotti教授总结道：“我们的方法结合了新的病变缺陷制图和对大量患者APM表现的详细调查，为流体智力的神经基础提供了重要信息。)”可知，Cipolotti教授认为本次实验为体智力的神经基础提供了重要信息，也就是说Cipolotti教授认为本次实验还是有成果的。故选A。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Bike Helmet(头盔) Safety
Bicycle riding is about as safe as walking. But when you’re riding in traffic or down a mountain trail, it can be dangerous. Wearing a safe bicycle helmet correctly is the best way to protect your head in a crash.
Helmets have changed over the years and there are helmets made for lots of different activities. ____16____ Start by picking one that’s specially designed for biking.
To choose a helmet, first find the size of your head where a hatband or sweatband might sit. Use a fabric tape measure or a piece of string and measure it with a ruler.
____17____ Hey, it happens! Turn the dial to adjust the tension until you feel comfortable—nod and shake your head. The helmet should stay in place.
Adjust the helmet so that the front edge is level across your forehead, and 1 or 2 fingerbreadths above your eyebrows. ____18____ Next up, slide the side adjusters up so the side straps(侧带)form a“V” with the point RIGHT under your ear, and ensure that both sides of the V are nice. ____19____ So check them when you put your helmet on and re-tighten as needed.
Finally, look in a mirror to check your work—and make sure you look great! Things can shake a bit as you ride, so you may need to adjust a bit along the way. And remember that for most helmets, once you’ve crashed, the helmet is trash, and it’s time to get a new one.
Alright make a quick summary: ____20____ To wear it correctly, make sure the helmet is level and just above your eyebrows. Then, adjust the straps so they hold the helmet properly in place.
A. Straps often loosen.
B. So it protects your head and face.
C. Then check if the helmet suits you.
D. Next, make sure the helmet’s not on backwards.
E. Select a helmet that is safe for biking and fits your head.
F. Some are multi-purpose, but they may not be made for riding.
G. If you feel a bit of tension when you speak, you’ve done it right.
【答案】16. F 17. D 18. B 19. A 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了正确佩戴自行车头盔的方法。
【16题详解】
根据空前“Helmets have changed over the years and there are helmets made for lots of different activities.(多年来，头盔已经发生了变化，有许多针对不同活动的头盔。)”以及空后“Start by picking one that’s specially designed for biking.(先挑一个专为骑行设计的。)”可知，空处和头盔的用途相关。选项F“Some are multi-purpose, but they may not be made for riding.(有些是多用途的，但它们可能不是用来骑的。)”承上启下，符合上下文内容。故选F。
【17题详解】
根据空后内容“Hey, it happens! Turn the dial to adjust the tension until you feel comfortable—nod and shake your head. The helmet should stay in place.(嘿，发生了！转动刻度盘来调节张力，直到你觉得舒服——点头和摇头。头盔应留在原位。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是佩戴头盔时要注意方向。选项D“Next, make sure the helmet’s not on backwards.(接下来，确保头盔没有反着戴。)”中的“next”和上文“first”保持一致。同时，内容上也指的是头盔的方向问题。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据空前内容“Adjust the helmet so that the front edge is level across your forehead, and 1 or 2 fingerbreadths above your eyebrows.(调整头盔，使其前缘与你的额头平行，并在眉毛上方1或2指宽。)”指的是调整头盔，使其处于正确的位置。选项B“So it protects your head and face.(所以它可以保护你的头和脸。)”是上文内容的延续，解释了上文那样做的原因。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据空后内容“So check them when you put your helmet on and re-tighten as needed.(所以当你戴上头盔时检查它们，并根据需要重新拧紧。)”可知，空处指的应该是某个需要拧紧的物件。选项A“Straps often loosen.(绑带经常松动。)”中的“straps”和下文的“them”一致，同时也解释了下文为什么要根据需要重新拧紧。故选A。
【20题详解】
根据空前“Alright, make a quick summary(好吧，做一个快速的总结)”可知，下文是对文章的一个总结。根据上文内容可知，正确佩戴头盔的第一步就是选择头盔。选项E“Select a helmet that is safe for biking and fits your head.(选择一个安全的头盔，骑自行车，适合你的头。)”与上文内容一致。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Two Canadian cyclists with Parkinson’s disease are taking an 8,000-kilometer journey across Canada. They are riding for a good ____21____. This dynamic team wants to ____22____other people with Parkinson’s to get on their bikes and rediscover freedom and joy in life.
Steve Iseman and Jim Redmond ____23____ their bike tour on June 25, 2022, in Victoria, British Columbia. They were both physically ____24____ before they were diagnosed (诊断) with early Parkinson’s. Instead of ____25____ themselves to sadness, they felt determined to keep active. Also, knowing people with Parkinson’s tend to be____26____to get on a bike and live in loneliness, they wanted to convey this ____27____during their ride: Believe in yourself and you are more____28____than you think.
“If you feel muscle weakness, add pedal-assist to the ride. If cycling doesn’t ____29____ you, there are so many other activities. The _____30_____ line is that you must get moving and do an activity, despite your fears and the voice inside your head _____31_____‘I can’t’,” said Iseman.
On August 2, the riders were over halfway through their three-month ride. They are being_____32_____ by local news stations and podeasters along the way, _____33_____ to get the word out and to raise money for research. “The rewards of riding are_____34_____, being great for mind, body, and mood. You just feel the freedom and _____35_____coming back,” said Iseman.
21. A. source B. cause C. identity D. occasion
22. A. instruct B. enable C. allow D. inspire
23. A. kicked off B. put off C. crossed oul D. picked up
24. A. fit B. weak C. challenged D. injured
25. A. accustoming B. adapting C. abandoning D. applying
26. A. careful B. curious C. afraid D. proud
27. A. option B. method C. situation D. message
28. A. different B. capable C. creative D. sensitive
29. A. suit B. challenge C. bear D. transform
30. A. beginning B. central C. ceiling D. bottom
31. A. recalling B. complaining C. insisting D. trembling
32. A. interrupted B. interviewed C. annoyed D. investigated
33. A. hoping B. pretending C. failing D. refusing
34. A. insignificant B. improper C. boundless D. fruitless
35. A. justice B. fame C. status D. joy
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. A 25. C 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了两名患有帕金森氏症的加拿大自行车运动员进行了8000公里的加拿大之旅，他们想要激励其他帕金森患者骑上自行车，重新发现生活中的自由和快乐。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们骑车是为了慈善事业。A. source资源；B. cause起因、事业；C. identity身份；D. occasion场合。根据最后一段“On August 2, the riders were over halfway through their three-month ride. They are being____12____ by local news stations and podeasters along the way, ____13____ to get the word out and to raise money for research.”可知，他们骑自行车是为了筹钱做慈善。固定搭配：a good cause，意为“慈善事业”。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个充满活力的团队希望激励其他帕金森患者骑上自行车，重新发现生活中的自由和快乐。A. instruct指导；B. enable使能够；C. allow允许；D. inspire鼓舞。根据句意以及第三段““If you feel muscle weakness, add pedal-assist to the ride. If cycling doesn’t ____9____ you, there are so many other activities. The ____10____ line is that you must get moving and do an activity, despite your fears and the voice inside your head ____11____‘I can’t’,” said Iseman.”可知，这两个人自身患有帕金森，但是他们还是希望其他患有帕金森疾病的人要运动起来，所以他们骑自行车是为了激励其他帕金森患者。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：2022年6月25日，Steve Iseman和Jim Redmond在不列颠哥伦比亚省的维多利亚州开始了他们的自行车之旅。A. kicked off开始；B. put off推迟；C. crossed out删去；D. picked up捡起、学会。根据最后一段“On August 2, the riders were over halfway through their three-month ride.”可推断，这两个人是在2022年6月25日开始自行车之旅的。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在被诊断患有早期帕金森氏症之前，他们的身体都很健康。A. fit健康的；B. weak虚弱的；C. challenged伤残的，缺少的；D. injured受伤的。根据下文“before they were diagnosed (诊断) with early Parkinson’s.”可知，在确诊患病之前，他们俩都很健康。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们没有让自己沉浸在悲伤中，而是决心保持活跃。A. accustoming使适应；B. adapting适应、改编；C. abandoning抛弃、沉湎；D. applying应用、申请。考查短语“abandon oneself to…”，意为“让自己沉浸在……之中”，符合句意。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，他们知道帕金森患者往往害怕骑自行车，生活在孤独中，他们想在骑行过程中传达这样的信息：相信自己，你比你想象的更有能力。A. careful仔细的；B. curious好奇的；C. afraid害怕的；D. proud自豪的。根据下文“despite your fears and the voice inside your head ____11____‘I can’t’,” said Iseman.”可知，帕金森患者往往害怕运动，不敢骑自行车。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，他们知道帕金森患者往往害怕骑自行车，生活在孤独中，他们想在骑行过程中传达这样的信息：相信自己，你比你想象的更有能力。A. option选择；B. method方法；C. situation形势；D. message信息。下文“Believe in yourself and you are more____8____than you think.”是他们俩想告诉其他帕金森患者的信息。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，他们知道帕金森患者往往害怕骑自行车，生活在孤独中，他们想在骑行过程中传达这样的信息：相信自己，你比你想象的更有能力。A. different不同的；B. capable有能力的；C. creative有创造力的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据上文“Believe in yourself”可知，这两人是希望帕金森患者能够相信自己，所以空处指的应该是帕金森患者也很有能力，能够运动。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果骑自行车不适合你，还有很多其他的活动。A. suit适合；B. challenge挑战；C. bear忍受；D. transform改变。根据下文“there are so many other activities.”可知，空处指的是如果骑行不适合你，你可以选择其他的运动。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，你必须动起来，做一些活动，尽管你害怕，尽管你脑子里的声音坚持说‘我做不到’。A. beginning开始；B. central中心枢纽；C. ceiling天花板；D. bottom底部。考查固定搭配：the bottom line，意为“底线、最重要的是”，根据句意，这里指的是“最重要的是”。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，你必须动起来，做一些活动，尽管你害怕，尽管你脑子里的声音坚持说‘我做不到’。A. recalling召回、恢复；B. complaining抱怨；C. insisting坚持；D. trembling颤抖。根据“despite”可知，前后存在转折关系，前文“you must get moving and do an activity”指的是要动起来，做一些运动；所以下文应该是与上文内容相反，所以空处指的是脑海中有个声音一直在说“我做不到”。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一路上，他们接受了当地新闻电台和播客的采访，希望能把消息传出去，并为研究筹集资金。A. interrupted打断；B. interviewed采访；C. annoyed使恼怒；D. investigated调查、研究。根据空后的“by local news stations and podcaster along the way”可知，两人是接受了当地新闻电台和播客的采访。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一路上，他们接受了当地新闻电台和播客的采访，希望能把消息传出去，并为研究筹集资金。A. hoping希望；B. pretending假装；C. failing失败；D. refusing 拒绝。根据空后“to get the word out and to raise money for research”可知，下文是两人希望得到的结果。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“骑行的好处是无限的，对身心和情绪都有好处。你只会感到自由和喜悦又回来了。” Iseman说。A. insignificant无关紧要的；B. improper不合适的；C. boundless无限的；D. fruitless不成功的、无结果的。根据下文“being great for mind, body, and mood. You just feel the freedom and ____15____coming back”可知，这里指的是骑行的好处是无限的。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“骑行的好处是无限的，对身心和情绪都有好处。你只会感到自由和喜悦又回来了。” Iseman说。A. justice公平、公正；B. fame名声；C. status地位；D. joy高兴、喜悦。空处为原词重现，根据文章第一段“people with Parkinson’s to get on their bikes and rediscover freedom and joy in life.”可知，空处指的是喜悦。故选D。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mount Tai, a typical representative of the Chinese famous mountains, is a mountain with ____36____long history and a special historic status. In 1982, Mount Tai was designated as the National Park of China and it ____37____(list) formally in the directory of the World Natural and Cultural Heritage in 1987. It becomes a precious heritage of human beings.
Mount Tai, ____38____(locate) in the east of North China Plain and the middle of Shandong Province, is known to the world for its splendid scenery. Standing out among the Shandong Hills, it is of ____39____(significant) around other hills. The south of Mount Tai is ____40____(high)than the north. In Mount Tai, the transportation is convenient with the Jinghu railway ____41____ (pass) by in the west. The distance ____42____ Mount Tai and Qufu City is 83.1 kilometers. Many roads and railways meet in Tai’an City, ____43____ just lies in the south of Mount Tai.
As a mountainous ____44____ (scene) spot, Mount Tai has a high value in terms of aesthetics( 美学) and science, especially the aesthetic value, which ______45______(be) the foundation for Mount Tai to become a famous mountain in the history and an unparalleled heritage today.
【答案】36. a 37. was listed
38. located
39. significance
40. higher 41. passing
42. between
43. which 44. scenic
45. is
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国名山的典型代表——泰山。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：泰山是一座历史悠久、历史地位特殊的山，是中国名山的典型代表。修饰单数可数名词，表示泛指，用不定冠词，且long的发音是以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
【37题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：1982年，泰山被指定为中国国家公园，1987年正式列入《世界自然文化遗产名录》。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“in 1987”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为it，和动词list之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was listed。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：泰山位于华北平原东部和山东省中部，以其壮丽的景色而闻名于世。这里为非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰“Mount Tai”，且动词locate和“Mount Tai”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式，be located in固定搭配，意为“位于……”。故填located。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：它在山东群山中独树一帜，在其他群山中具有重要意义。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式。构成固定搭配：be of significance=be significant，意为“重要的”。故填significance。
【40题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：泰山的南部比北部高。根据空后的than可知，空处为形容词比较级作表语。故填higher。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在泰山境内，西有京沪铁路经过，交通便利。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语补足语，和宾语“the Jinghu railway”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填passing。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：泰山与曲阜市之间的距离为83.1公里。表示“在……之间”，用介词“between”。故填between。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：许多公路和铁路在泰安市交汇，泰安市就坐落在泰山的南面。这里为非限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Tai’an City”，指物，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：泰山作为一个山地景区，在美学和科学方面具有很高的价值，尤其是美学价值，这是泰山成为历史名山和今天无与伦比的遗产的基础。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词，构成固定搭配：scenic spot，意为“景区”。故填scenic。
【45题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：泰山作为一个山地景区，在美学和科学方面具有很高的价值，尤其是美学价值，这是泰山成为历史名山和今天无与伦比的遗产的基础。考查从句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为which，代指上文，视为单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Jim在参加“学汉字大赛”（Chinese Characters Competition）前给你发邮件征求你的建议，但你因故未能及时回复。请你给他回复一封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示歉意；
2.解释原因；
3.询问参赛情况。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Jim,
I am writing to say sorry to you. I failed to reply to your email in time because I got a severe cold last week and didn’t get better until yesterday. Therefore, I missed your email and didn’t give you any advice about the Chinese Characters Competition.
Anyway, how was your performance in the competition? You must have done well, for you are very diligent and have learned Chinese for years. I will always have your back as you will always have mine.
Looking forward to your reply!
Yours ,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的道歉信。要求考生给英国朋友 Jim写封邮件，表达自己未能及时回复Jim邮件的歉意，并解释原因以及询问参赛情况。
【详解】1.词汇积累
因此：therefore→ thus
建议：advice→ suggestion
勤奋的：diligent→ hardworking
支持：have sb. back→ support sb.
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Anyway, how was your performance in the competition?
拓展句：Anyway, I wonder how your performance was in the competition.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I failed to reply to your email in time because I got a severe cold last week and didn’t get better until yesterday.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句）
【高分句型2】You must have done well, for you are very diligent and have learned Chinese for years.（运用了for引导的原因状语从句）
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。
Early in my teaching career, I heard countless excuses for why students didn’t hand in their homework. As time passed, I quit accepting any excuse other than a verifiable(能证实的)death in the family.
When I was transferred to an inner-city middle school, I took my no-nonsense attitude with me.”No excuses, no extensions!“ I warned my eighth graders on the first day of school. I collected homework at the beginning of each class. When a student didn’t have it, I never asked why. Instead, I sighed loudly, shook my head and—with the student looking on—recorded a zero in the grade book. I soon gained the reputation I thought I wanted.
Then, one afternoon, shortly after the dismissal bell rang, Anthony approached me.”Could I talk to you a minute?“ he asked shyly, not taking his eyes off the floor.”I know you said it doesn’t matter why we don’t have our lessons done, but I don’t want you to think I’m a lazy student because I come to school without my homework so often.“
Anthony looked up at me for the first time, and I could see that his eyes were watering.”It’s just that my dad moved out, and my mom waits tables at night, so I have to take care of my little brothers. Sometimes they cry a lot, and it makes it hard to concentrate.“
I put my hand on Anthony’s thin shoulder.”Why are you just now telling me …”I stopped in mid-sentence. I knew why. So I changed the question.“Would it help if you stayed here in my classroom after school and worked on it before you go home?”
He swallowed hard and nodded.
The next day, I announced to all my students that I’d be offering an after-school study hall Monday through Friday.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Anthony was the first student to show up.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I learned a lot from the case of Anthony.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Anthony was the first student to show up. A couple of days later, another student joined him. Before long, I had a room full of eighth graders who sometimes stayed until five o'clock to work on their lessons. I seldom asked them what made it impossible for them to finish their homework in time. Instead, I listened to their stories and problems, and managed to make up for the lessons they had missed. Meanwhile, some students offered to help each other. Seeing happy smiles on their faces, I knew their confidence were building up.
I learned a lot from the case of Anthony. I used to take a no-nonsense attitude towards excuses. Now I have come to realize that not all kids come from homes that are safe and warm. Some have to study in a difficult situation. These things couldn’t be taught in the education classes I had taken in college. The teaching relationship involves trust. As teachers, we should learn to lend an ear and listen to them. Most importantly, I learned that “I’ll listen” works far better than “No excuses! ”
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者作为一名教师的态度的变化，作者曾经不接受任何借口的拖延作业，而一个名叫Anthony的男孩的故事却改变了作者的想法。作者也明白了，教师应该学会倾听学生的意见。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Anthony是第一个来的学生。”以及第二段首句内容“我从Anthony的例子中学到了很多。”可知，第一段可描写越来越多的学生来到了作者提供的课后自习室。
②由第二段首句内容“我从Anthony的例子中学到了很多。”可知，第二段可描写作者从这件事得到的感触。
2.续写线索：学生找借口不交作业——不接受任何借口———得到铁面无私的称号———解释不交作业的原因——希望作者不要误解———作者深有感触——决定提供课后自习室——很多学生都加入了课后自习室
3.词汇激活
行为类
①成功做某事：manage to do/was able to do
②弥补：make up for/compensate for
③明白、意识到：realize/become aware of
情绪类
①开心：happy/delighted
②安全的：safe/secure
【点睛】【高分句型1】Before long, I had a room full of eighth graders who sometimes stayed until five o'clock to work on their lessons.（运用了who引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】Seeing happy smiles on their faces, I knew their confidence were building up.（运用了省略引导词that的宾语从句）
听力1~5:ACBCA 6~10:ABCAB 11~15:ACCBA 16~20:CBBAB