2022-2023学年山东省青岛市崂山区八年级（下）期末英语试卷（含解析）

这是一份2022-2023学年山东省青岛市崂山区八年级（下）期末英语试卷（含解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了单选题，完形填空，补全对话-填空，阅读理解，任务型阅读-多任务混合，阅读填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年山东省青岛市崂山区八年级（下）期末英语试卷
一、单选题（本大题共10小题，共10.0分）
1. The young man often gives _______ helping hand to the old in his neighbourhood.（　　）
A. a B. an C. the D. /
2. In China，each ______ can have three children according to the three-child policy（政策）.（　　）
A.  person B.  god C.  couple D.  emperor
3. Mr Wang did a lot to improve the working _____ for the workers of the factory.（　　）
A.  development B.  habit C.  success D.  condition
4. -Whose notebook is it，Mary？Is it _____？
-No，it's not mine.It's John's.（　　）
A.  his B.  mine C.  yours D.  hers
5. Mom said goodbye to me with a smile，but her eyes couldn't _____ her sadness.（　　）
A.  lose B.  cover C.  catch D.  hide
6. In order to ______ enough Vitamin C，we should eat some fruit and vegetables every day.（　　）
A.  take off B.  take down C.  take in D.  take up
7. - Stop shouting in the library.Do I make myself ________？
- Yes.I won't do that again.（　　）
A.  clear B.  proper C.  difficult D.  wrong
8. It snowed all night，and the city was ______ covered with white and beautiful snow.（　　）
A.  recently B.  completely C.  suddenly D.  typically
9. I am looking for a birthday gift for Anna，but I can't find ________ interesting.（　　）
A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing
10. We can't cross thee street________the lights turns green.（　　）
A. when B. after C. if D. until

二、完形填空（本大题共10小题，共10.0分）
Do you know how rice first came to China？There is an old Chinese story.It is about a little girl who went out to （1） ______ .There was a famine （饥荒） and everybody was very （2） ______ .
The little girl felt her fishing net growing heavy and was very happy.However，it was the King of Frogs that she caught.When the frog knew the girl wanted（3） ______ to eat，the frog promised her that he could help her.The frog told her to hold out her fishing net to the sun's rays and he would sing a magic song.The little girl（4） ______ his instructions （指令）.She was greatly surprised to see the sunshine falling through the net.And they were changed into rice.The first rice was thought to arrive in this way.
We do not know（5） ______ this story is true or not，but it tells us that rice has the（6） ______ value as gold to the Chinese.Rice is always the main food for the Chinese.For（7） ______ ，much land has been used to plant rice and many Chinese people are（8） ______ .They work very hard（9） ______ each rice.
It's important to serve food and say（10） ______ to waste.After all，waste not，want not.
11.  A. swim B. skate C. fish D. sleep
12.  A. tired B. hungry C. thirsty D. excited
13.  A. nothing B. anything C. something D. somebody
14.  A. supported B. broke C. followed D. hated
15.  A. if B. whether C. where D. whenever
16.  A. same B. different C. silly D. unfair
17.  A. days B. weeks C. months D. centuries
18.  A. farmers B. workers C. doctors D. teachers
19.  A. among B. through C. without D. for
20.  A. yes B. hello C. Chinese D. no

三、补全对话-填空（本大题共1小题，共5.0分）
21. A slow train in Southwest China with its own study room has got much attention（关注）.The train No 5609 / 5610 runs between Chongqing and Xiushan county.（1） ______
In some carriages（车厢），there are no seats but desks and chairs next to the windows.They become "study carriages" for passengers in need.（2） ______ meaning "traveling and reading happily".
The train No 5609 / 5610 is not the only one of this kind.Other "slow trains" have become "study carriages"，too，including No 5619 / 5620 and 5633/ 5634.They run along the Chengdu-Kunming Railway.（3） ______ The trains are their school buses and they often use the travel time to finish homework.Many passengers also use the travel time to complete work.
A "book bar" carriage on the train No Z150 has been popular with college students.（4） ______ There are nearly 400 universities and colleges in the cities along the line.Most students from those colleges like to choose this train.（5） ______ It provides students with a lending library，free tea and other services at night.It's a relaxing place for the students to continue their studies.


A.It's far from the city.
B.It runs between Guiyang and Beijing.
C.You can even play sports on the train.
D.It is a public-welfare （公益的）"slow train".
E.Since 2015，the train's dining car has been open for free at night.
F.On the train，there are Chinese words including "Yu Yue Zhi Lv"，
G.Students from nearby schools often take the train between school and home.

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)

四、阅读理解（本大题共10小题，共10.0分）
A
A teacher let her class play a game.The teacher told each children to bring a bag with a few potatoes in it.They will give each potato a name of a person that they hate，so the number of potatoes will depend on the number of people they hate.
So when the day came，every child brought some potatoes with the name of the people he hated.Some had 2 potatoes；some 3 while some up to 5 potatoes.The teacher then told the children to carry the potatoes with them wherever they went （even to the toilet） for six weeks.
Days passed by.The rotten（腐烂的）potatoes gave out unpleasant smell and the children started to complain.The children with 5 potatoes also had to carry heavier bags.The game ended six weeks later.The teacher asked，How did you feel while carrying the potatoes with you for weeks？" The children spoke out their feelings and started complaining of the trouble because they had to carry the heavy and smelly potatoes wherever they went.
Then the teacher told them the hidden meaning behind the game. "This is exactly the situation when you carry your hate for somebody inside your heart.The unpleasant smell of hate will pollute your heart and you will carry it with you wherever you go.If you can't tolerate （忍受） the smell of rotten potatoes for just six weeks，can you imagine what it is like to have hate in your heart for your lifetime？
22. How many potatoes could the children put in their bags？ ______
A. At least two.
B. Five at most.
C. The same as the number of people they hated.
D. The same as the number of people in their family.
23. What can we learn from the underlined part in Paragraph 3？ ______
A. The children didn't know what to do and were in silence.
B. The children were not happy or satisfied（满意） with something.
C. The children understood and supported the teacher's decision.
D. The children guessed and imagined their life without the potatoes.
24. How did the children feel while carrying the potatoes for weeks？ ______
A. Interested but tired. B. Sad and worried.
C. Excited and pleased. D. Tired and upset.
25. What lesson does the teacher try to teach the children？ ______
A. It's never too late to love and help others.
B. It's not easy to learn to control bad feelings.
C. Try to keep away from the people you dislike.
D. Throw away hate for anyone from your heart.
26. Which of the following is True according to the passage？ ______
A. Some children didn't finish the game.
B. The potato means the person they like.
C. The game ended one and a half months later.
D. They don't need to carry the potatoes when they go to the toilet.
B
Scientists have found floating solar panels（浮动太阳能电池板）could provide a huge amount of electricity（电量） if they are put on water.They could also help save water and protect land.
Solar panels are used to turn sunlight into electricity.Most solar panels are on land.But recently people have begun to put floating solar panels on water.
The scientists studied 114，555 reservoirs （水库） in the world.They covered 30% of these reservoirs with floating solar panels.And then they used computer programs to find out how much electricity they could make a year. "The answer was surprisingly large - more than twice the amount of the energy the US makes in a year，and 10 times as much energy as all the solar power now being made in the world，" said one of the scientists.
The scientists found floating solar panels would be especially useful when reservoirs were near smaller cities.They could provide all the electricity the cities need.Floating solar panels can also help save water by limiting evaporation（限制燕发）from reservoirs.Solar panels covering just 30% of the reservoirs could save as much water as 300，000 people would use in a year.
There are several other reasons that make floating solar panels a good idea.Solar panels work better when they're not very hot.The water helps cool the panels so that they make more energy.Putting solar panels on water also means there's no need to clear land for a solar farm.
Covering a reservoir with panels could affect （影响） the plants and animals in the water.It will be important to study how they will affect water in each reservoir.Man-made reservoirs will solve some of those problems.
27. What do we know about the study？ ______
A. Scientists were surprised at the results.
B. Now most solar panels are put on water.
C. 114，555 floating solar panels were used in the study.
D. Scientists studied 30% of the reservoirs in the world.
28. How does the writer show floating solar panels can save water in Paragraph 4？ ______
A. By using sayings. B. By asking a question.
C. By giving an example. D. By making a prediction.
29. How many reasons are given in Paragraph 5？ ______
A. Four. B. Three C. Two. D. One
30. Which of the following can be put in "______"？ ______
A. Floating solar panels aren't perfect.
B. The idea is getting popular in the world.
C. The idea isn't as unusual as it might seem.
D. The study of floating solar panels are still strange.
31. What is the passage mainly about？ ______
A. The importance of clean energy.
B. The advice on reservoir protection.
C. The way of making use of reservoirs.
D. The advantages（优点） of floating solar panels.
五、任务型阅读-多任务混合（本大题共2小题，共25.0分）
32. Jacob lived at the foot of the mountains.There was a thick forest，and the boy loved it very much.He knew the birds and other animals there very well.
One day，while he was playing in the forest，Jacob found an eagle with a broken wing（翅膀）.It fell off a tall tree.Jacob picked it up and took it home.He cleaned its wing with warm water.Then he carefully put the medicine on the wing.And he made a bed for the little bird to lie on.
Jacob fed the eagle with fresh milk every day.As the bird got stronger，it started to follow Jacob everywhere.Jacob knew he could not keep it for long.It was time to set the eagle free.Early one morning，Jacob took the eagle high up a hill.He then let it go. 它愉快地飞向天空。But soon，it seemed to remember something.It flew down again and followed Jacob all day.It was getting dark.Jacob had to do something.He ran to a nearby cave （洞穴）so that it couldn't find him.

根据短文内容回答问题。
(1) What was the matter with the eagle when Jacob found it？ ______
(2) How did Jacob look after the eagle？（不超过 30词） ______
(3) Why did Jacob take the eagle high up the hill？ ______
(4) After reading the passage，what do you think of Jacob？Why do you think so？ ______
(5) 根据短文内容填空，限填1词。
The eagle couldn't find Jacob because he ______ in a nearby cave.
(6) 将划线句子译为英文。 ______
33. When characters fall through the sky in cartoons，they often lie on clouds. What is a cloud？And what would it feel like to touch a cloud in real life？
Believe it or not，many of us have already touched a cloud though we probably didn't realize it at the time. "Clouds are really little drops of water in the air，" says Kristina Pistone，a scientist from NASA. "If you've ever walked outside on a really① day where you can't see very far，you're walking through a cloud，" Pistone said.That's because fog is just a kind of ② that forms on the ground.
According to the World Meteorological Organization，there are more than 100 kinds of clouds.But Pistone said that with a bit of practice，anyone can learn to recognize some of the more common clouds：

Altocumulus clouds（高积云）
They are white or gray round clouds.They look like the wool（羊毛）of sheep so they get the name"sheep backs".
Cumulonimbus clouds（积雨云）
They rise into towers and look like large flowers.
Cirrocumulus clouds（卷积云）
They are small，white clouds often appearing in lines.
Cirrus clouds（卷云）
They are thin，white pieces of clouds that lie across the sky.
Cloud color is also interesting.Black or dark clouds usually mean a storm is coming because they're so full of water that light can't pass through them.
All of this is important for scientists to study because a lot of big white clouds help reflect（反射）heat back into space. 云能对天气变化起作用。
So the next time you see a sky full of white clouds，think about all the ways those little water drops might be affecting the world around us - not only by raining or snowing，but by changing the planet's temperature!
(1) 将划线句子 When characters fall through the sky in cartoons，they often lie on clouds.译为汉语。 ______
(2) 在①②处填入适当的词语，每空限填1词。
① ______
② ______
(3) 选出划线词汇 recognize 的汉语意思。 ______
A.辨认
B.混淆
C.影响
D.遗忘
(4) 选出与四种云相匹配的图片。
①Altocumulus clouds ______
②Cumulonimbus clouds ______
③Cirrocumulus clouds ______
④Cirrus clouds ______


(5) 写出划线词汇 them 指代的内容。 ______
(6) 将划线句子"云能对天气变化起作用。"译为英语。 ______
六、阅读填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
34. "I feel great!" said Wang Yaping when she came out of the Tiangong space station.
（ 1） ______ November 7，the 41-year-old made history.She became China's（2） ______ （one） female space walker!Wang，together with astronaut Zhai Zhigang，completed a 6.5-hour spacewalk.
Wang's space dream started in 2003.In that year，China（3） ______ （send） Yang Liwei into space.In order to achieve（4） ______ （she） dream，she pushed herself hard and got the same training as men.
Since 1984，only 16 women around the world（5） ______ （do） spacewalks，according to Global Times.But female space walkers are very important to space exploration（探索）.
Yang said that humans may live on some other（6） ______ （planet） someday.Wang said that as astronauts，women have their own advantages.Women can better deal with loneliness，so it is much（7） ______ for them to stay longer in space.It is very important（8） ______ （study） how female bodies fit the space environment.That's（9） ______ Wang's spacewalk is important.
If you have a chance，will you choose to become（10） ______ astronaut and do the spacewalk？Why？
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
七、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
35. 在你的成长历程中，父母给予了很多，请你以"感恩父母"为主题，给父母写一封信，词数 80-100。文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总数。文中必须包含以下内容：
（1）Parents' care and love
（2）An unforgettable thing between you and parents
（3）Your thanks

A Letter to My ParentsDear Mum and Dad，


Love from Li Hua

答案和解析

1.【答案】A
【解析】空处表示泛指，且helping以辅音音素开头，故应用a。
故选：A。
这位年轻人经常帮助邻居的老人。
本题考查冠词，表示泛指，应用a/an。

2.【答案】C
【解析】person人；god上帝；couple夫妇；emperor皇帝。根据"according to the three-child policy"可知，此处是"根据三孩政策，每对夫妇可以生三个孩子"。
故选：C。
在中国，根据三孩政策，每对夫妇可以生三个孩子。
考查名词的辨析。熟悉选项的含义，再根据题干即可作出选择。

3.【答案】D
【解析】development发展；habit习惯；success成功；condition状况。根据"Mr Wang did a lot to improve the working"可知，此处是"王先生为改善工厂工人的工作条件做了许多工作"。
故选：D。
王先生为改善工厂工人的工作条件做了许多工作。
考查名词辨析。熟悉选项的含义，再根据题干即可作出选择。

4.【答案】C
【解析】his他的，物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词；yours你的，名词性物主代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词。根据Whose notebook is this？（这是谁的笔记本？）及No，it's not mine.（不，不是我的。）可知问的是"这是你的吗"，用yours"你的"代替your notebook"你的笔记本"。
故选：C。
—这是谁的笔记本，玛丽？是你的吗？
—不，不是我的。这是约翰的。
掌握代词的用法，分析选项，结合语境选择正确答案。

5.【答案】D
【解析】A.失去；B.覆盖；C.抓住；D.隐藏。根据her eyes couldn't _____ her sadness，可知是指她的眼睛无法掩饰她的悲伤。
故选：D。
妈妈微笑着对我说再见，但她的眼睛无法掩饰她的悲伤。
熟悉动词词义及用法，结合题意，给出答案。

6.【答案】C
【解析】A take off飞机起飞，脱下衣服；B.take down取下；C.take in理解，吸收，摄入；D.take up占据。根据宾语enough Vitamin C（维生素C）可知，动词只能搭配take in（摄入）。
故选：C。
为了摄入足够的维C，我们每天都应该吃一些水果和蔬菜。
掌握不同动词词组的词义是解答此题的关键。

7.【答案】A
【解析】A.清楚的；B.正确的，合适的；C.困难的；D.错误的。根据Stop shouting in the library.Do I make myself，可知是指：不要在图书馆里大喊大叫。我说得清楚了吗？
故选：A。
-不要在图书馆里大喊大叫。我说得清楚了吗？
-是的。我不会再那样做了。
熟悉形容词词义及用法，结合题意，给出答案。

8.【答案】B
【解析】recently最近；completely完全；suddenly突然；typically典型地。根据"下了一整夜的雪"可知，整个城市"完全"被白色美丽的雪覆盖着。
故选：B。
下了一整夜的雪，整个城市完全被白色美丽的雪覆盖着。
要结合语境，辨析副词用法，选择合适答案完成试题。

9.【答案】B
【解析】something某物；anything任何东西；everything一切；nothing没有任何东西。此题是否定句，所以anything符合题意。
故选：B。
我正在为安娜寻找一份生日礼物，但我没有找到有趣的任何东西。
本题考查不定代词辨析，基础题，熟悉每个选项的用法及含义，根据题干即可作出选择。

10.【答案】D
【解析】A.当……时；B.在……之后；C.是否；D.直到。根据句意：直到绿灯亮了我们才能过马路。考查句型not...until...直到……才……
故选：D。
直到绿灯亮了我们才能过马路。
熟悉时间状语从句的用法，结合题意，给出答案。

11~20.【答案】C、B、C、C、B、A、D、A、D、D
【解析】（1）考查动词。句意：中国有一个古老的故事，讲的是一个小女孩出去钓鱼。A.游泳；B.滑冰；C.钓鱼；D.睡觉。根据The little girl felt her fishing net growing heavy and was very happy（小女孩感觉到自己的渔网越来越重，非常高兴）可知，一个小女孩出去钓鱼。故选C。
（2）考查形容词。句意：当时发生了饥荒，每个人都饿极了。A.疲倦的；B.饥饿的；C.口渴的；D.兴奋的。根据There was a famine （当时发生了饥荒）可知，每个人都饿极了。故选B。
（3）考查复合不定代词。句意：当青蛙知道女孩想吃东西时，青蛙答应她他可以帮助她。A.什么都没有；B.一些东西，用于否定句或一般疑问句；C.一些东西，用于肯定句；D.某人。根据There was a famine （当时发生了饥荒）可知，当青蛙知道女孩想吃东西时，这里为肯定句，故用something。故选C。
（4）考查动词。句意：小女孩听从了他的指示。A.支持；B.打破；C.听从；D.憎恨。根据the frog promised her that he could help her（青蛙答应她他可以帮助她）可知，小女孩听从了他的指示。故选C。
（5）考查连词。句意：我们不知道这个故事是否属实，但它告诉我们，对于中国人来说，大米和黄金具有同等的价值。A.如果，是否；B.是否；C.哪里；D.无论何时。根据句子，可知本句为宾语从句，这里说的是我们不知道这个故事是否属实，根据or，可知这里用whether。故选B。
（6）考查形容词。句意：我们不知道这个故事是否属实，但它告诉我们，对于中国人来说，大米和黄金具有同等的价值。A.相同的；B.不同的；C.愚蠢的；D.不公平的。根据Rice is always the main food for the Chinese（大米一直是中国人的主要食物）可知，大米和黄金具有同等的价值。故选A。
（7）考查名词。句意：几个世纪以来，许多土地被用来种植大米，许多中国人都是农民。A.天；B.周；C.月；D.世纪。根据much land has been used to plant rice（许多土地被用来种植大米）可知，几个世纪以来。故选D。
（8）考查名词。句意：几个世纪以来，许多土地被用来种植大米，许多中国人都是农民。A.农民；B.工人；C.医生；D.教师。根据much land has been used to plant rice（许多土地被用来种植大米）可知，许多中国人都是农民。故选A。
（9）考查介词。句意：他们为每一粒大米而努力劳作。A.在......之中；B.通过；C.没有；D.为了。根据each rice（每一粒大米）可知，为每一粒大米而努力劳作。故选D。
（10）考查名词。句意：提供食物并拒绝对浪费说不是很重要的。A.是；B.你好；C.中国；D.不。根据waste not（不要浪费）可知，拒绝对浪费说不是很重要的。故选D。
本文讲述了小女孩听从青蛙的指示，得到大米的故事。
首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。

21.【答案】【小题1】D
【小题2】F
【小题3】G
【小题4】B
【小题5】E
【解析】细节推理题。
（1）根据前句A slow train in Southwest China with its own study room has got much attention（关注）.The train No 5609 / 5610 runs between Chongqing and Xiushan county.（中国西南一列有自习室的慢车引起了人们的广泛关注。5609 / 5610次列车在重庆和秀山县之间运行。）可知说的是"慢火车"，结合选项，应说"这是一列公共福利的"慢火车"。"故选D。
（2）根据后句meaning "traveling and reading happily".（意思是"快乐地旅行和阅读"。）可知说的是愉悦之旅的含义，结合选项，应说"在火车上，有"愉悦之旅"等中文字样，"故选F。
（3）根据后句The trains are their school buses and they often use the travel time to finish homework.Many passengers also use the travel time to complete work.（火车是他们的校车，他们经常利用旅行时间完成作业。许多乘客也利用旅行时间来完成工作。）可知说的是乘坐的人，结合选项，应说 "附近学校的学生经常乘坐火车往返于学校和家之间。"故选G。
（4）根据后句There are nearly 400 universities and colleges in the cities along the line.Most students from those colleges like to choose this train.（沿线城市有近400所大学和学院，这些学院的大部分学生都喜欢选择这列火车。）可知说的是运行的地点，结合选项，应说"它在贵阳和北京之间运行。"故选B。
（5）根据后句It provides students with a lending library，free tea and other services at night.It's a relaxing place for the students to continue their studies.（它为学生提供夜间借阅图书馆、免费茶水等服务，是学生们继续学习的放松之地。）可知说的是为学生开放，结合选项，应说"自2015年以来，列车餐车在夜间免费开放。"故选E。
本文主要介绍了中国西南地区的"慢车"，其中一些车厢被改造成了"学习车厢"，提供给需要学习的乘客一个良好的学习环境。
做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，保证上下文意思通顺，结合选项选出正确答案。

22~26.【答案】C、B、D、D、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段They will give each potato a name of a person that they hate，so the number of potatoes will depend on the number of people they hate.（他们会给每个土豆取一个他们讨厌的人的名字，所以土豆的数量取决于他们讨厌的人的数量。）可知学生拿的土豆的数量取决于他们讨厌的人的数量，故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段Days passed by.The rotten（腐烂的）potatoes gave out unpleasant smell and the children  started to complain.（日子一天天过去了。腐烂的土豆发出难闻的气味，孩子们开始抱怨起来。）可知此处是指孩子们对这个腐烂的土豆发出的难闻的气味感到不高兴，故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段The children spoke out their feelings and started complaining of the trouble because they had to carry the heavy and smelly potatoes wherever they went.（孩子们说出了他们的感受，开始抱怨到哪里都要背着又重又臭的土豆。）可推知孩子们背了几周的土豆感觉是又累又沮丧的，故选D。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段This is exactly the situation when you carry your hate for somebody inside your heart.The unpleasant smell of hate will pollute your heart and you will carry it with you wherever you go.If you can't tolerate （忍受） the smell of rotten potatoes for just six weeks，can you imagine what it is like to have hate in your heart for your lifetime？（这就是你对某人怀恨在心的情况。讨厌的气味会污染你的心脏，无论你走到哪里，你都会带着它。如果你连腐烂土豆的味道都不能忍受六个星期，你能想象一辈子心中都充满仇恨是什么感觉吗？）可知老师想要告诉孩子们从心里把对任何人的恨抛之脑后，故选D。
（5）细节理解题。根据第三段The game ended six weeks later.（游戏在六周后结束。）可知游戏在一个半月后结束，故选C。
老师让学生玩一个游戏，让他们把讨厌的人的名字写在土豆上，然后带着这些土豆六周。学生们开始抱怨，因为土豆开始变臭了，有些人还要背着很多土豆。老师告诉他们这个游戏的含义，就是让他们明白心中的仇恨会像臭土豆一样污染自己的心灵，让自己一生受苦。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。

27~31.【答案】B、C、B、A、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章首句Scientists have found floating solar panels could provide a huge  amount of electricity if they are put on water.（科学家们发现，如果将漂浮的太阳能电池板放在水上，可以提供大量的电力。）可知，我们对这项研究了解是现在大多数太阳能电池板都装在水上，故选：B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第4段The scientists found floating solar panels would be especially useful when reservoirs were near smaller cities.They could provide all the electricity the cities need.Floating solar panels can also help save water by limiting evaporation from reservoirs.Solar panels covering just 30% of the reservoirs could save as much water as 300，000 people would use in a year.（科学家们发现，当水库靠近小城市时，漂浮式太阳能电池板尤其有用。它们可以提供城市所需的所有电力。漂浮式太阳能板还可以通过限制水库的蒸发来帮助节水。仅覆盖30%水库的太阳能电池板一年可以节省30万人的用水。）可知，作者举例说明在第4段中展示浮动太阳能电池板可以节水，故选：C。
（3）细节理解题。根据第5段There are several other reasons that make floating solar panels a good idea.Solar panels work better when they're not very hot.The water helps cool the panels so that they make more energy.Putting solar panels on water also means there's no need to clear land for a solar farm.（还有其他几个原因使浮动太阳能电池板成为一个好主意。太阳能电池板在不太热的时候工作得更好。水有助于冷却电池板，使其产生更多的能量。将太阳能电池板放在水上也意味着没有必要为太阳能发电场清理土地。）可知，第5段给出了三个理由，故选：B。
（4）推理判断题。根据横线下文Covering a reservoir with panels could affect  the plants and animals in the water.（用面板覆盖水库可能会影响水中的动植物。）可知，说的是面板缺点，横线处应说"浮动太阳能电池板并不完美"符合语境，故选：A。
（5）主旨大意题。根据文章首句Scientists have found floating solar panels could provide a huge  amount of electricity if they are put on water.（科学家们发现，如果将漂浮的太阳能电池板放在水上，可以提供大量的电力。）及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了科学家发现，如果将浮动太阳能板放在水上，它们可以提供大量的电力，同时还有助于节约水资源和保护土地。因此这段话主要讲浮动太阳能电池板的优点，故选：D。
本文主要介绍了科学家发现，如果将浮动太阳能板放在水上，它们可以提供大量的电力，同时还有助于节约水资源和保护土地。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。

32.【答案】【小题1】Its wing was broken.
【小题2】He took it home，cleaned its wing with warm water and carefully put the medicine on the wing and then made a bed for it.
【小题3】It was time to set the eagle free.
【小题4】He was kind because he carefully looked after an injured eagle.
【小题5】hid
【小题6】It flew happily into the sky.
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段One day，while he was playing in the forest，Jacob found an eagle with a broken wing（翅膀）.（一天，当他在森林里玩的时候，雅各布发现了一只翅膀断了的老鹰。）可知这只老鹰的一只翅膀断了。故填Its wing was broken.
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Jacob picked it up and took it home.He cleaned its wing with warm water.Then he carefully put the medicine on the wing.And he made a bed for the little bird to lie on.（雅各布抱起它并把它带回家。他用温水清理了它的翅膀。然后小心地给翅膀上药。之后他给这只小鸟做了一个床让它躺下。）可知雅各布把老鹰带回家后，给它清理翅膀并上药。故填He took it home，cleaned its wing with warm water and carefully put the medicine on the wing and then made a bed for it.
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段It was time to set the eagle free.（是时候放飞老鹰了。）可知雅各布带老鹰去山顶是为了放飞它。故填It was time to set the eagle free.
（4）细节推理题。根据第二段段意，他细心地照顾受伤的老鹰，可知他是一位善良的孩子。故填He was kind because he carefully looked after an injured eagle.
（5）细节理解题。根据第三段He ran to a nearby cave （洞穴）so that it couldn't find him.（他跑进附近的山洞里以便老鹰找不到他。）可知他藏在山洞里。hide表示"隐藏"，hid是过去式。故填hid。
（6）汉译英题。根据时态一致原则，可知此处用一般过去时。fly into the sky表示"飞向天空"，happily表示"高兴地"，副词修饰动词。故填It flew happily into the sky.
本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了善良的雅各布救助一只受伤的老鹰的故事。
熟读全文理解文章大意，带着问题回到文章查找关键信息，按照所学语法知识写出正确句子。

33.【答案】【小题1】当卡通人物从空中坠落时，他们经常躺在云端。
【小题2】foggy
【小题3】cloud
【小题4】A
【小题5】B
【小题6】D
【解析】（1）英译汉题。根据英文When characters fall through the sky in cartoons，they often lie on clouds.可知，When当……时；characters人物；fall坠落；through穿过；sky；in cartoons在卡通中；lie躺；on在……上；clouds云。根据汉语习惯整理成句子。故填：当卡通人物从空中坠落时，他们经常躺在云端。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段If you've ever walked outside on a really①               day where you can't see very far，you're walking through a cloud.（你曾经在一个……的日子走在外面，你看不到很远的地方，你正在穿过云层。）可知，看得不太远，只能是多雾的日子。多雾的，形容词，foggy。故填：foggy。根据 "If you've ever walked outside on a really foggy day where you can't see very far，you're walking through a cloud，" Pistone said.That's because fog is just a kind of ②               that forms on the ground.（皮斯顿说："如果你曾经在大雾天走在外面，看不清很远的地方，那你就是在穿过一片云。"那是因为雾只是在地面上形成的一种……）可知，雾是地面上形成的一种云。云，名词，cloud。故填：cloud。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段But Pistone said that with a bit of practice，anyone can learn to  recognize some of the more common clouds…（但皮斯顿说，只要稍加练习，任何人都可以学会识别一些更常见的云……）可知，任何人只需要稍加练习，就可以识别一些常见的云。故选：A。
（4）细节理解题。①根据表格内容Altocumulus clouds（高积云）They are white or gray round clouds.They look like the wool of sheep so they get the name"sheep backs".（它们看起来像羊的羊毛，所以它们被称为"羊背"。）可知，高积云看起来像羊毛。B图片的云看起来像羊毛。故选：B。②根据Cumulonimbus clouds（积雨云）They rise into towers and look like large flowers.（它们上升成塔，看起来像大花朵。）可知，积雨云看起来像大花朵。D图片的云像大花朵。故选：D。③Cirrocumulus clouds（卷积云）They are small，white clouds often appearing in lines.（卷积云是一种小而白的云，通常呈直线状。）可知，卷积云呈直线状。A图片中的云是直线状。故选：A。④Cirrus clouds（卷云）They are thin，white pieces of clouds that lie across the sky.（卷云是一种薄薄的、白色的云，横跨天空。）可知，卷云是薄薄的、白色的云。C图片的云薄薄的。故选：C。
（5）代词指代题。根据Cloud color is also interesting.Black or dark clouds usually mean a storm is coming because they're so full of water that light can't pass through them.（云的颜色也很有趣。黑云或乌云通常意味着暴风雨即将来临，因为它们充满了水，光线无法穿过它们。）可知，此处的them指的是black or dark clouds。故填：Black or dark clouds.
（6）汉译英题。云，clouds；能，can；起作用，play a role；在……方面，in；天气，weather；变化，change。根据英语习惯整理成句子。故填：Clouds can play a role in climate change.
本文是一篇说明文，解释了空中的云和地上的雾是同一物的原因，同时提到了不同云彩的含义，总结出云彩在气候变化中扮演着重要角色。
做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。

34.【答案】【小题1】On
【小题2】first
【小题3】sent
【小题4】her
【小题5】have done
【小题6】planets
【小题7】easier
【小题8】to study
【小题9】why
【小题10】an
【解析】（1）考查介词。句意：11月7日，41岁的她创造了历史。具体日期前应用介词on，注意首字母大写。故填On。
（2）考查序数词。句意：她成为中国第一位女性太空漫步者!根据句意和语境可知，王应该是中国第一位女性太空漫步者，此处应用序数词形式。故填first。
（3）考查动词。句意：在那一年，中国把杨利伟送入了太空。根据上文Wang's space dream started in 2003.（王的太空梦始于2003年。）可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填sent。
（4）考查代词。句意：为了实现她的梦想，她努力锻炼自己，接受了和男人一样的训练。形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故填her。
（5）考查动词时态。句意：据《环球时报》报道，自1984年以来，全球只有16名女性进行过太空行走。根据前面的时间状语Since 1984可知，此处应用现在完成时：have/has+动词过去分词，主语是复数，故填have done。
（6）考查名词。句意：杨说有一天人类可能会生活在其他星球上。根据前面的some other可知，此处应用名词复数形式。故填planets。
（7）考查形容词比较级。句意：女性能更好地应对孤独，所以她们更容易在太空停留更长时间。根据上文Women can better deal with loneliness.（女性能更好地应对孤独）可知，女性应该更容易在太空停留更长时间。much常用于比较级前表示程度加深，故填easier。
（8）考查动词不定式。句意：研究女性身体如何适应太空环境是非常重要的。It is+adj.+for sb.to do sth.做某事对某人来说怎么样，固定句型。故填to study。
（9）考查疑问副词。句意：这就是为什么王的太空行走很重要。根据句意和语境可知，这就是为什么王的太空行走很重要。故填why。
（10）考查冠词。句意：如果你有机会，你会选择成为一名宇航员并进行太空行走吗？根据句意和语境可知，这里应该是问你会不会选择成为一名宇航员，以元音音素开头的单词前应用an，故填an。
本文主要讲述了中国宇航员王亚平成为第一个完成太空行走的中国女性，以及女性宇航员具有的优势。
语法填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答。对于同义词和近义词的选项，在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别注意这些同义词和近义词搭配。

35.【答案】A Letter to My Parents Dear Mum and Dad，
   You  have done a lot for me.You have given me unselfish care and love.（爱和关心） When I was 10 years old，I caught a cold and had a high fever in the middle of the night.I felt terrible. 【高分句型一】You took me to the hospital at once.You stayed up all night taking care of me.（故事）
   You've given me almost everything.However，you don't want any reward from me.From now on，I will help you do more housework.I must thank you by studying hard.I hope you can stay healthy forever.【高分句型二】（感谢）
Love from Li Hua
【解析】【高分句型一】
When I was 10 years old，I caught a cold and had a high fever in the middle of the night.当我10岁的时候，我感冒了，半夜发高烧。when引导的时间状语从句。
【高分句型二】
I hope you can stay healthy forever.我希望你能永远保持健康。I hope+宾语从句。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。