2023届四川省高三下学期6月高考仿真测试（四）英语试题含答案

这是一份2023届四川省高三下学期6月高考仿真测试（四）英语试题含答案，共20页。试卷主要包含了5分, 满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。

 四川省2023届名校联考高考仿真测试（四）英语
第Ⅰ卷（选择题, 共100分）
第一部分听力（共两节, 满分30分）
第一节（共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分）
1. When did the man learn to cook Thai food?
A. Last year. B. Last month. C. Last week.
2. Why didn't the woman go to Malaysia?
A. She was scared.
B. She doesn't like flying at all.
C. She has never wanted to go there.
3. What will the woman try out for?
A. The volleyball team. B. The table tennis team. C. The soccer team.
4. Who is the man talking with?
A. A store manager. B. A factory worker. C. A saleswoman.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A painting. B. A photograph. C. A drawing.
第二节（共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. What's the woman looking for?
A. An expensive hotel. B. A modern hotel. C. A cheap hotel.
7. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a bank. B. In a hotel. C. In a restaurant.
听第7段材料, 回答第8至10题。
8. Why didn't Gail help John yesterday?
A. She felt that it was too hot.
B. She had to grade some homework.
C. She was struggling with a new project.
9. What does John want Gail to do today?
A. Plant a tree in the backyard.
B. Put in new windows.
C. Make sure he is safe.
10. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Neighbors. B. Co-workers. C. A couple.
听第8段材料, 回答第11至14题。
11. Where are the speakers?
A. In a museum. B. On a hill. C. In a park.
12. Why is the man hot?
A. He is ill. B. The weather is hot. C. He has been climbing.
13. How does the woman feel about the museum?
A. Interested. B. Bored. C. Upset.
14. What does the woman suggest?
A. Going home. B. Taking a photo. C. Going back down.
听第9段材料, 回答第15至17题。
15. When will the school bus arrive at Mount Heng tomorrow?
A. At 7:45a. m. B. At 8:00a. m. C. At 10:00a. m.
16. Where will the speakers stop for the night?
A. In a guesthouse. B. In a home-stay. C. In the Grand Temple.
17. What is the main purpose of the two-day trip?
A. To complete a task. B. To go camping there. C. To enjoy the scenery.
听第10段材料, 回答第18至20题。
18. What was the main meal for people in Prussia in the 18th century?
A. Rice. B. Potatoes. C. Bread.
19. How did people feel about the potatoes in the palace garden?
A. Disappointed. B. Curious. C. Anxious.
20. What can we learn about the king?
A. He was very smart. B. He liked making jokes. C. He was crazy about potatoes.
第二部分阅读理解（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（共15小题; 每小题2分, 满分30分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Robots are known as the future of technology. Robotics technology has just landed in the workplace and there is a lot of work to do. Below we'll discuss some of the best and most advanced robots ever made by humans.
Asimo
The primary focus of the robot is to help people. Asimo travels all around the world, making people aware how robots can make life easier and help humans. It can dance, run and even kick a soccer ball. The robot can communicate with people in three different languages including Japanese, Chinese and English.
Created by: Honda（Japan）
Sophia
It is a realistic example of a perfect robot because it has about 50 different facial expressions just like humans. Sophia is primarily designed for education, research and entertainment. It travels throughout the world explaining to people the importance of robots in human life.
Created by: Hanson Robotics（Hong Kong, China）
Atlas
Its body shape is so dynamic that it can use its all body skills to move quickly and balance itself on diverse terrains（地形）. The robot is capable of performing many different tasks but some favourite tasks are running, jumping and turnover movements. Its advanced Al systems make it capable of seeing barriers and negotiating through diverse terrains.
Created by: Boston Dynamics（United States）
Spot
Spot is an animal robot, or say a dog robot, because it looks very similar to a dog. Spot can search around your office, home, play-ground etc. as a normal dog usually does. Spot has some outstanding functions like it can map your environment, sense barriers, lift packages and more.
Created by: Boston Dynamics（United States）
21. Which of the following characterizes Asimo?
A. Its high speed. B. Its facial expressions.
C. Its language ability. D. Its communication skills.
22. Which robot is created by China?
A. Asimo. B. Sophia. C. Atlas. D. Spot.
23. What do Atlas and Spot have in common?
A. They can change their body shapes. B. They can carry small packages.
C. They can help do some housework. D. They can detect barriers around.
B
After a three-year delay, M+, Hong Kong's museum dedicated to Chinese visual culture, opened to the public. It contains an astonishing collection of art with works by some celebrities. The former Executive Director, Lars Nittve, sees M+as equally as New York's MoMA or the Centre Pompidou in Paris, in terms of depth and cultural importance.
M+wouldn't have been possible without Swiss businessman and art collector Uli Sigg, who in 2012 donated and sold 1, 510 Chinese contemporary works of art to the museum. Michael Schindhelm's 2016 documentary, The Chinese Lives of Uli Sigg, looked back at Sigg's life and how he accumulated his collection to preserve contemporary Chinese art for three decades. In interviews of the film, Sigg prefers to view himself as "a researcher of China and of Chinese contemporary art who just happened to buy some of the results of his research."
Chinese Lives follows Sigg's life in time order, starting in 1979, the year that he first went to China as a representative of the Swiss elevator manufacturer. In 1995 Sigg became the Swiss Ambassador to China, which lasted until 1999. He was buying art with an objective eye, one towards preserving culture.
Moving into the 21st century, Chinese art reached international attention thanks to Sigg's efforts. He created the Chinese Contem porary Art Award, an award that functioned to get artists noticed by important Western artists and galley owner. At the same time, pieces by Chine artists were gaining more and more global reputations.
Following Sigg's announcement that he will donate a sizable portion of his collection to the soon-to-be-opened M+museum, Chinese lives ends on a hopeful note for the still-growing art scene in China. The documentary is a good starting point to familiarize oneself with contemporary Chinese art and the man who helped expose it to the world.
24. Why does the author mention "MoMA" in paragraph 1?
A. To enrich our knowledge. B. To memorize art celebrities.
C. To deepen M+museum's popularity. D. To indicate M+museum's significance.
25. Which identity would Uli Sigg most probably agree with?
A. A contemporary artist. B. A researcher of Chinese art.
C. A collector of contemporary art. D. An ambassador with artistic taste.
26. What can we infer from The Chinese Lives of Uli Sigg?
A. Sigg offered money to Chinese artists.
B. Sigg was the director of the documentary.
C. Sigg made great efforts to promote Chinese art.
D. Sigg was the Swiss Ambassador to China in 2000.
27. What is Uli Sigg like?
A. He is strict and ambitious. B. He is caring and creative.
C. He is devoted and generous. D. He is hopeful and humorous.
C
It's no secret now that the more time we spend on social media, the more we feel dissatisfied with ourselves. We tend to compare our-selves to influences and celebrities—so it's easy to understand how that can affect our confidence.
But, how often have you found yourself comparing your life to your friends? Engaging with social media shared by our friends can be more damaging than looking at content shared by celebrities, new research has found.
The study looking at how social media affects body image found that any social media engagement was significantly associated with lower "appearance satisfaction". Additionally, it found that engaging with content posted by people the participants knew was more than twice as damaging as looking at content posted by strangers, including celebrities.
Viren Swami, Professor of Social Psychology at Anglia Ruskin University, believes this is partly because we know it's hard to attain the lives of celebrities or influences, but when we' re comparing ourselves to our friends, it feels like we should-or could-live the way they do.
"One possible explanation is that people may perceive a post showing appearance as being much more attainable if it comes from someone they know, adding expectation or pressure on the person engaging in the post, " he said. "At the same time, people may be more critically engaged with posts by the likes of models and celebrities, and therefore perceive the images they share to be more unrealistic."
This is not just confined to body image though. We all have one area in our lives that triggers（触发）us. Maybe you've been searching for a new job for months and you find yourself on social media, envying your school friend who just landed their dream role. Maybe…
All this is to say the obvious: we only see part of people's lives and if it's getting you down, you're probably comparing your insides to other people's outsides. Everyone has their struggles and life is indeed not perfect for anyone. So, put down your phone, get offline, be thankful and try to live your own life.
28. What did the new study find?
A. Social media invites unfavorable comments.
B. Friends' posts affect us more than celebrities'.
C. Celebrities have a negative influence on our life.
D. Body image causes more concern than social life.
29. Why are we more likely to compare with our friends according to Swami?
A. They serve as role models. B. We know the way they live.
C. Their lifestyles are accessible. D. We are curious about their life.
30. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 6 probably mean?
A. Restricted. B. Related. C. Devoted. D. Exposed.
31. What does the author suggest people do?
A. Find your dream and fight for it. B. Stop comparing and be yourself.
C. Be grateful and lead a perfect life. D. Stop complaining and get down to work.
D
Worry is defined as thoughts and images of a negative nature in which mental attempts are made to avoid the expected potential threats.
If we were to keep a record of all the things we worried about during a given period of time, we would discover, in reviewing them, that the great majority of our expected problems or troubles never come to pass. This means that most of the time we devote to worrying, which pushes us to try to come up with a solution to what is troubling us, is wasted, Thus, we not only caused ourselves unnecessary mental pain, but took up valuable minutes and hours that could've been spent elsewhere.
To avoid this, it is often necessary to stay calm and trace the sources of worry. More importantly, we should analyze the situation and see whether it is the very problem that is bothering us. Blindly feeling nervous about whether the problem can be solved is sometimes ridiculous, for the problems do not exist. Once, shortly before a major concert, a member of Arturo Toscanini's orchestra approached the great Italian conductor with an expression of fear on his face. “Maestro（大师）,” the musician said, “my instrument is not working properly. I cannot reach the note of E-flat. Whatever will I do? We are to begin in a few moments.” Toscanini looked at the man with amazement. Then he smiled kindly and placed an arm around his shoulders. "My friend, "he replied, "Do not worry about it. The note E-flat does not appear anywhere in the music that you will be playing this evening."
The next time we find ourselves in the middle of worrying about some matters, we might be wise to stop and ask ourselves what the problem is and whether it will happen. Then we may be able to go on to do something more meaningful or at least avoid being disturbed by something imaginary.
32. What do we know about worry from the first two paragraphs?
A. It requires people to record and review the trouble later.
B. It drives people to try and stay safe from anticipated trouble.
C. It's referred to as negative ideas about things that will never happen.
D. It causes a waste of time that should be spent on solving the problem.
33. The example of the orchestra mentioned in Paragraph 3 is to argue that__________.
A. the note E-flat does not appear in the music
B. wrongly analyzing the problem is ridiculous
C. it's not wise to be disturbed by something imaginary
D. a man of wisdom is able to deal with worry effectively
34. What can be inferred from the text?
A. Arturo Toscanini was a great Italian musician from Italy.
B. Worry is defined as thoughts and images of a negative nature.
C. Time wasted on worry should be spent on something meaningful.
D. People feel annoyed by worry because of psychological problems.
35. What is the text mainly about?
A. The source of worry. B. How to deal with worry.
C. The definition of worry. D. How worry affects people.
第二节（共5小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分）
A Few Top Reasons to Get Your Child Play Golf
One such sport that usually does not come to your mind, but has several benefits in the long run for your child is golf. 36 But, before you take your child to the golf field, make sure you have bought your kids golf set.
Reasons why you must introduce your child to golf are as follows.
Golf is for anyone and everyone. Golf is one such sport that can be played by anyone. It does not matter if your child is short or tall, skinny or a little overweight, slow or fast. Golf is for everyone, irrespective of sizes and shapes. Also, golf can be played at any age. 37
Golf has less risk of injuries. Unlike sports, such as football, baseball, cricket or soccer, golf is a safe game with a minimal to almost negligible risk of injury. 38 Additionally, the golf course is a safe environment for children.
Golf helps create lifelong friends. 39 When learning to play as kids, the children bond over the lessons of golf and later the lessons of life and stick together forever, irrespective of distances. Also, golf tournaments can take your kids to different countries and thus help them learn and appreciate players culturally different from themselves, but united by the game.
40 Just like the ups and downs of golf, life too has its share of ups and downs. When your child learns to handle the high points and low points or rather the bogeys and birdies of the game of golf, he or she is picking up skills and lessons to help face similar situations in life.
And above all, the most important sport lesson that golf provides, is that of having fun and enjoying oneself.
A. Golf can teach a lot about life.
B. He can start if he is 5 or 6 years or onwards.
C. Golf helps develop positive attitude towards life.
D. The friendships established on the golf course usually last forever.
E. There are many practical reasons to motivate your child to play golf.
F. Golf as a sport does not involve any physical contact and thus has no risk of getting serious injuries.
G. Golf is a game in which people hit small hard white balls into holes in the ground, involving skills and patience.
第三部分英语知识运用（共两节, 满分45分）
第一节（共20小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分30分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Lewisb. Smedes once said, "To forgive is to set a prisoner free and discover that the prisoner was you.” For years Tom Anderson's life was withered up（枯萎）by the 41 of his part in an adventure that 42 the death of one of his classmates. He and his wife 43 after six years of marriage. Then the news about Tom 44 . His wife Betty came back; he 45 a fine position.
One day he told me what had changed his life, “I used to think nothing could 46 what I had done. The thought of my 47 would stop me in the middle of a smile or a handshake. It put a 48 between my wife and me. Then I had an（a） 49 visit from the person I was most 50 to see-the mother of the college classmate who died. ‘Years ago’, she said, ‘I found it in my heart to 51 you. Betty forgave you. So did your friends. 52 you forgive, you cannot love. And without love, life has no 53 .' She paused, and then said 54 . ‘You are the one person who hasn't forgiven Tom Anderson.’ I found there in her eyes 55 to be the person I might have been if her boy had lived. For the first time in my life I felt 56 to love and be loved.”
Forgiveness is truly the 57 grace（慈悲）, through which we gain the 58 to learn from experience. But forgiving our shortcomings doesn't mean 59 that they exist. On the contrary, it means facing them 60 , realistically.
41. A. opinion B. memory C. examination D. favor
42. A. judged from B. depended on C. resulted in D. dropped off
43. A. separated B. injured C. promoted D. settled
44. A. continued B. confused C. disturbed D. changed
45. A. earned B. performed C. admitted D. transported
46. A. undo B. threaten C. strike D. replace
47. A. relief B. mercy C. guilt D. negotiation
48. A. connection B. wall C. neighbor D. bridge
49. A. willing B. precious C. unexpected D. hopeful
50. A. respectful B. afraid C. proud D. sensitive
51. A. send B. warn C. serve D. forgive
52. A. Though B. As C. Because D. Unless
53. A. pity B. pain C. meaning D. shame
54. A. excitedly B. seriously C. luckily D. casually
55. A. permission B. communication C. anger D. attempt
56. A. impressed B. worthy C. fair D. exhausted
57. A. grateful B. patient C. challenging D. saving
58. A. message B. decision C. protection D. freedom
59. A. denying B. promising C. demanding D. explaining
60. A. immediately B. effectively C. honestly D. initially
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题, 共50分）
第二节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Great Wall of the ancient Qi State, the oldest 61 （exist）Great Wall in China, stretches across Shandong for more than 600 kilometers. It 62 （build）during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. “Historical records say the Qi State built the wall here to defend itself 63 its enemies, as well as to stop flooding 64 （effective）,” says An Xingzhu, who worked at the town's culture station for more than three decades. A key task of the station is 65 （protect）cultural relics.
In the 1970s, parts of the rammed earth wall（夯土墙）were dug out and used by farmers for their land, but since the early 1990s, the local government 66 （start）to take measures to protect the wall.
Rapid development and 67 （construct）have brought many new problems and challenges in protecting the wall. 68 is necessary to provide a solid legal guarantee for its conservation. To tackle the challenges, Shandong Province has passed a regulation protecting the structure 69 will take effect on Jan. 1.
It states that local governments will establish a dynamic conservation system using remote sensing satellites, drones, information platforms and other technological 70 （mean）to monitor the Great Wall.
第四部分写作（共两节, 满分35分）
第一节短文改错（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^）, 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除: 把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改: 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处, 多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Knowing that you took part in the Mandarin Speech Contest and getting the first prize, I'm writing to congratulate to you! I always remember what you've devoted to learn Mandarin. Never did you give up, what happened. And that paid out. Your efforts, especially your determination, is really admirable. I have learned from you that we should make constantly efforts to achieve a goal even if many difficulties are in store for you. I feel so proud of you and it is great honor to have a friend like you. Congratulations again and best wish to you!
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是李华, 你校英语俱乐部拟邀请David Brown教授来做一个关于英国节日文化的讲座。请用英语写一份主持该讲座的开场白, 内容包括:
1. 活动目的;
2. 介绍David教授; 3. 听讲座要求。注意: 1. 写作词数应为100左右;
参考答案
1~5BAACB 6~10CCBCA 11~15BCABC 16~20BACBA
【试卷导航】
语篇
话题
体裁
词数
难度
A
机器人
应用文
277
**
B
博物馆
说明文
322
***
C
社交的影响
说明文
374
***
D
忧虑情绪
说明文
335
* * * *
七选五
儿童与高尔夫球
说明文
296
***
完形填空
宽恕的力量
夹叙夹议文
285
***
【A语篇导航】
语篇解读
关键词
robot, future, technology
背景图式
先进的机器人
结构图式（主旨概要）
文章介绍了四个最为先进的机器人
内容图式（观点、思想）
科技的发展促进机器人的不断发展, 造福人类
语言知识
难点词、搭配
primary, communicate with, be capable of, be similar to
答案与解析
【解题导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了目前人类发明的最先进的四个机器人。
21. C细节理解题。根据“Asimo”部分的“The robot can communicate with people in three different languages including Japanese, Chinese and English.（这个机器人可以用包括日语、汉语和英语在内的三种语言和人类交流）”可知, 这种机器人的与其他机器人的不同之处是它的语言能力, 故选C项。
22. B细节理解题。根据“Sophia”部分的“Created by: Hanson Robotics（Hong Kong, China）（由中国香港的汉森机器人公司制造）”可知, 这个机器人由中国制造, 故B项。
23. D细节理解题。根据“Atlas”部分的“Its advanced AI systems make it capable of seeing barriers.（它的高级人工智能系统使得它能够看见障碍物）”以及“Spot”部分的“Spot has some outstanding functions like it can map your environment, sense barriers, lift packages and more.（Spot有出色的了解你周围的环境信息、感知障碍物、举起包裹等功能）”可知, 这两个机器人的相同之处在于能探测周围的障碍物, 故选D项。
【B语篇导航】
语篇解读
关键词
museum, visual, collection, art, culture
背景图式
博物馆介绍
结构图式（主旨概要）
文章介绍了M+, Hong Kong博物馆及其形成史
内容图式（观点、思想）
良好的博物馆文化氛围, 有利于年青人的成长

语言知识
难点词、搭配
dedicate to, celebrity, in terms of, contemporary, representative, familiarize
答案与解析
【解题导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了M+, Hong Kong博物馆。
24. D推理判断题。根据第一段“The former Executive Director, Lars Nittve, sees M+as equally as New York's MoMA or the Centre Pompidou in Paris, in terms of depth and cultural importance. ”（前执行董事Lars Nittve认为, 就深度和文化重要性而言, M+与纽约的MoMA或巴黎的蓬皮杜中心一样重要。）可知, 作者在第一段中提到“MoMA”是为了表明M+博物馆的重要性。故选D项。
25. B细节理解题。根据第二段“In interviews of the film, Sigg prefers to view himself as ‘a researcher of China and of Chinese contemporary art who just happened to buy some of the results of his research.’”（在影片的采访中, 碰巧购买了他的一些研究成果的Sigg更愿意把自己视为“一名中国和中国当代艺术的研究者。”）说明Uli Sigg很可能会同意他自己是一位中国艺术研究者的观点。故选B项。
26. C推理判断题。根据第四段“Moving into the 21st century, Chinese art reached international attention thanks to Sigg's efforts. ”（进入21世纪, 由于Sigg努力, 中国艺术引起了国际关注。）以及后文, 可知Sigg为促进中国艺术做出了巨大的努力。故选C项。
27. C推理判断题。根据最后一段“Following Sigg's announcement that he will donate a sizable portion of his collection to the soon-to-be-opened M+museum, Chinese lives ends on a hopeful note for the still-growing art scene in China.”（在Sigg宣布将把相当大一部分藏品捐赠给即将开放的M+博物馆后, 中国人的生活以一个充满希望的音符结束, 因为中国艺术界仍在不断增长。）以及之前Sigg一直致力于宣传中国艺术, 说明Sigg是一个专心致志和慷慨大方的人。故选C项。
【C语篇导航】
语篇解读
关键词
media, research, affect, post
背景图式
社交媒体的影响
结构图式（主旨概要）
研究发现, 来自社交媒体的不利影响, 普通朋友比名人的更大, 所以作者建议人们放下手机, 回|归现实生活
内容图式（观点、思想）
不应沉迷虚拟世界, 减轻社交媒体对人们的不利|影响
语言知识
难点词、搭配
spend on, feel dissatisfied with, engage with, celebrity, attainable
答案与解析
【解题导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项新研究。新研究发现朋友的帖子对人们的影响比名人的帖子更大。作者建议人们放下手机, 心存感激, 努力过自己的现实生活。
28. B细节理解题。文章第二段讲到“Engaging with social media shared by our friends can be more damaging than looking at content shared by celebrities, new research has found. （一项新的研究发现, 与看名人分享的内容相比, 参与朋友分享的社交媒体可能更具破坏性）”可知新研究发现朋友的帖子对我们的影响比名人的更大, 故选B。
29. C推理判断题。文章第二段讲到“Viren Swami, Professor of Social Psychology at Anglia Ruskin University, believes this is partly because we know it's hard to attain the lives of celebrities or influences, but when we're comparing ourselves to our friends, it feels like we should-or could-live the way they do.（Anglia Ruskin 大学社会心理学教授 Viren Swami认为, 这部分是因为我们知道很难获得名人或影响力的生活, 但当我们将自己与朋友进行比较时, 感觉我们应该或者可以像他们那样生活）”可知根据Swam的说法, 我们更容易与朋友进行比较是因为他们的生活方式更容易见得到, 故选C。
30. A词义猜测题。文章划线单词下一句讲到“We all have one area in our lives that triggers（触发）us. Maybe you've been searching for a new job for months and you find yourself on social media, envying your school friend who just landed their dream role.（我们的生活中都有一个领域触发了我们。也许你已经找了好几个月的新工作, 你在社交媒体上发现自己, 羡慕你的学校朋友, 他刚刚找到了他们梦想中的角色。）”可知划线单词所在句子的意思是: 但这不仅仅局限于身体形象。所以第六段中带下划线的单词可能的意思是“受限制的”, 故选A。
31. B推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到“Everyone has their struggles and life is indeed not perfect for anyone. So, put down your phone, get offline, be thankful and try to live your own life.（每个人都有自己的奋斗, 生活对任何人来说都不完美。所以, 放下手机, 下线, 心存感激, 努力过自己的生活。）”可知作者建议人们停止比较, 做你自己, 故选
【D语篇导航】
语篇解读
关键词
worry, negative, problem, trouble, solution, mental, pain
背景图式
忧虑产生的原因及解决办法
结构图式（主旨概要）
文章介绍了忧虑的消极影响、忧虑产生的原因及解决忧虑情绪的办法
内容图式（观点、思想）
乐观面对生活, 应善于应对忧虑产生的消极影响
语言知识
难点词、搭配
potential, keep a record of, the majority of, come up with, ridiculous, imaginary
答案与解析
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文通过分析人们产出忧虑的原因并给出了解决忧虑的方法。
32. D推理判断题。根据第一段“Worry is defined as thoughts and images of a negative nature in which mental attempts are made to avoid the expected potential threats.（忧虑被定义为消极的想法和形象, 在这种想法和形象中, 人们在心理上试图避免预期的潜在威胁。）”和第二段“If we were to keep a record of all the things we worried about during a given period of time, we would discover, in reviewing them, that the great majority of our expected problems or troubles never come to pass. This means that most of the time we devote to worrying, which pushes us to try to come up with a solution to what is troubling us, is wasted, Thus, we not only caused ourselves unnecessary mental pain, but took up valuable minutes and hours that could've been spent elsewhere.（如果我们把一段时间内我们所担心的所有事情都记录下来, 在回顾它们的时候, 我们会发现, 我们所预期的问题或麻烦绝大多数都不会发生。这意味着我们花在担优上的大部分时间都被浪费了, 这些时间促使我们努力想出解决困扰我们的问题的方法。因此, 我们不仅给自己造成了不必要的精神痛苦, 还占用了本可以花在其他地方的宝贵的分钟和小时。）”可知, 前两段可以得知, 担忧浪费了本应花在解决问题上的时间。故选D。
33. C推理判断题。根据第三段“To avoid this, it is often necessary to stay calm and trace the sources of worry. More importantly, we should analyze the situation and see whether it is the very problem that is bothering us. Blindly feeling nervous about whether the problem can be solved is sometimes nidicolous, for the problems do not exist. Once, shortly before a major concert, a member of Arturo Toscanini's orchestra approached the great Italian conductor with an expression of fear on his face. ‘Maestro（大师）,’ 'the musician said, ‘my instrument is not working properly. I cannot reach the note of E-flat. What- ever will I do? We are to begin in a few moments.’ Toscanini looked at the man with amazement. Then he smiled kindly and placed an arm around his shoulders. ‘My friend,’ he replied, ‘Do not worry about it. The note E-flat does not appear anywhere in the music that you will be playing this evening.’（为了避免这种情况, 通常有必要保持冷静, 寻找担忧的根源。更重要的是, 我们应该分析形势, 看看是不是问题本身在困扰我们。盲目地为问题能否解决而紧张有时是可笑的, 因为问题并不存在。有一次, 在一场大型音乐会上, 阿图罗·托斯卡尼尼（Arturo Toscanini）乐队的一名成员脸上带着恐惧的表情走近这位伟大的意大利指挥家。‘大师,’音乐家说, ‘我的乐器不能正常工作了。我到不了降e音。我该怎么办呢? 我们马上就要开始了。’托斯卡尼尼惊讶地看着这个人。然后他和蔼地笑了笑, 把一只胳膊搭在他的肩膀上。他回答说: ‘我的朋友, 不要为这事担心。降e音在你今晚演奏的乐曲中是没有出现的。’）”可知, 第三段提到的管弦乐队的例子为了说明, 被想象的东西打扰是不明智的。故选C。
34. C推理判断题。根据最后一段“The next time we find ourselves in the middle of worrying about some matters, we might be wise to stop and ask ourselves what the problem is and whether it will happen. Then we may be able to go on to do something more meaningful or at least avoid being disturbed by something imaginary.（下次当我们发现自己在为某些事情担心时, 明智的做法是停下来问问自己问题是什么, 它是否会发生。然后我们就可以继续做一些更有意义的事情, 或者至少避免被一些想象的事情打扰。）”可知, 浪费在忧虑上的时间应该花在有意义的事情上。故选C。
35. B主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The next time we find ourselves in the middle of worrying about some matters, we might be wise to stop and ask ourselves what the problem is and whether it will happen. Then we may be able to go on to do something more meaningful or at least avoid being disturbed by something imaginary.（下次当我们发现目己在为某些事情担心时, 明智的做法是停下来问问自己问题是什么, 它是否会发生。然后我们就可以继续做一些更有意义的事情, 或者至少避免被一些想象的事情打扰。）”可知, 本文主要讲述了如何处理忧虑。故选B。
阅读七选五
语篇解读
关键词
reason, golf, benefit, child
背景图式
儿童与高尔夫球
结构图式（主旨概要）
家长可以鼓励儿童从小打高尔夫球
内容图式（观点、思想）
高尔夫球可以让儿童多方面受益
语言知识
难点词、搭配
come to your mind, in the long run, make sure, minimal, appreciate
答案与解析
【解题导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了家长们可以鼓励孩子从小打高尔夫球的四个原因。
36. E上文“One such sport that usually does not come to your mind, but has several benefits in the long run for your child is golf.（有一项这样的运动, 通常不会出现在你的脑海中, 但从长远来看对你的孩子有几个好处, 那就是高尔夫球。）”提到孩子打高尔夫球是有好处的, 由此可以推出, 作者认为我们有必要鼓励孩子从小就尝试打高尔夫球。E项“激励孩子打高尔夫球有很多实际的原因。”符合文意, 且为后文详细阐述原因做铺垫。故选E项。
37. B上文“Also, golf can be played at any age.（而且, 任何年龄的人都可以打高尔夫球。）”提及关键词age“年龄”。B项“如果他到了五、六岁或以上, 他就可以开始了。”谈到了作者认为孩子可以开始打高尔夫球的年龄。故选B项。
38. F上文“Unlike sports, such as football, baseball, cricket or soccer, golf is a safe game with a minimal to almost negligible risk of injury.（与足球、棒球、板球或足球等运动不同, 高尔夫是一项安全的运动, 受伤的风险微乎其微。）”作者将高尔夫球和其他球类运动进行对比, 表示高尔夫球安全系数很高, 不容易受伤, 故空处也应该提到高尔夫球有多么安全。F项“高尔夫作为一项运动不涉及任何身体接触, 因此没有严重受伤的风险。”符合文意。故选F项。
39. D上文“Golf helps create lifelong friends.（高尔夫有助于结交一辈子的好朋友）”为该段主旨句, 谈到高尔夫与友谊之间的关系, 故本段内容都与“友谊”相关。D项“在高尔夫球场上建立的友谊通常会天长地久。”同样提及高尔夫和友谊。故选D项。
40. A该空为本段主旨句。下文“Just like the ups and downs of golf, life too has its share of ups and downs.（就像高尔夫球的起起伏伏一样, 生活也有它的起起伏伏。）”作者将高尔夫与生活进行联系和比较; 后文“When your child learns to handle the high points and low points or rather the bogeys and birdies of the game of golf, he or she is picking up skills and lessons to help face similar situations in life.（当你的孩子学会处理高尔夫比赛中的高点和低点, 或者更确切地说, 处理柏忌球和小鸟球时, 他或她正在学习技能和教训, 以帮助他们在生活中面对类似的情况。）”进一步阐述了在高尔夫球中学到很多人生道理, 要学会技能、吸取教训, 从而更好地处理生活的高点和低点等。A项“高尔夫能教会我们很多人生道理。”符合文意。故选A项。
完形填空
语篇解读
关键词
forgive, death, classmate, guilt
背景图式
宽恕的力量
结构图式（主旨概要）
因为宽恕, 使得一直处于内疚的人得以走出阴影
内容图式（观点、思想）
宽恕别人是对别人最大的慈悲
语言知识
难点词、搭配
for the first time, learn from, realistically
【解题导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了宽恕的力量, 因为汤姆·安德森的缘故, 导致一位同学过世, 多年来他一直饱受折磨, 这位同学的母亲选择宽恕他, 并指出他也应该宽恕自己, 让他过上了正常人的生活。
41. B考查名词词义辨析。句意: 多年来, 汤姆·安德森的生活因他参加冒险导致一位同学身亡的记忆而萎靡不振。A. opinion观点; B. memory 记忆; C. examination考试; D. favor帮助。根据上文的was withered up可知, 此处应该是被过去的事情所折磨, 所以用memory表示过去的“记忆”符合语境。故选B项。
42. C考查动词短语辨析。句意: 多年来, 汤姆·安德森的生活因他参加冒险导致一位同学身亡的记忆而萎靡不振。A. judged from根据……判断; B. depended on 依靠; C. resulted in导致; D. dropped off掉落、减少。分析句意再根据空格后的the death可知, 此处是指“导致”死亡。故选C项。
43. A考查动词词义辨析。句意: 他和妻子结婚六年后分居了。A. separated分居、分离; B. injured受伤; C. promoted提升; D. settled使安定。根据下文“His wife Betty came back（他的妻子贝蒂回来了）”可知, 此处指他和妻子“分居”后来妻子又回来了。故选A
项。
44. D考查动词词义辨析。句意: 后来关于汤姆的消息发生了变化。A. continued继续; B. confused使困惑; C. disturbed打扰; D. changed改变。下文“His wife Betty came back（他的妻子贝蒂回来了）”可知, 此处指关于汤姆的消息发生了“变化”。故选D项。
45. A考查动词词义辨析。句意: 他的妻子贝蒂回来了; 他获得了一个很好的职位。A. earned获得; B. performed表演; C. admitted承认; D. transported运输。根据上题的分析和空格后的a fine position可知, 汤姆的人生发生了变化, 妻子回来了, 也“获得”了一个好职位。故选A项。
46. A考查动词词义辨析。句意: 有一天, 他告诉我是什么改变了他的生活: “我过去一直认为没有什么能使我所做的一切解脱。A. undo解脱、松开; B. threaten威胁; C. strike打击; D. replace替代。根据上文“For years Tom Anderson's life was withered up（多年来, 汤姆·安德森的生活一直萎靡不振）”可知, 之前汤姆·安德森因他参加的冒险导致同学身亡一直大受打击, 生活变得糟糕, 所以他认为没有什么能使自己的所作所为得到“解脱”。故选A项。
47. C考查名词词义辨析。句意: 想到我的内疚, 我就会在微笑或握手时停下来。A. relief宽慰; B. mercy仁慈; C. guilt愧疚; D. negotiation协商。根据上文的分析可知, 之前汤姆·安德森因他参加的冒险导致同学身亡, 所以他内心应该是很“内疚”的。故选C项。
48. B考查名词词义辨析。句意: 这在我和妻子之间筑起了一堵墙。A. connection连接; B. wall墙; C. neighbor邻居; D. bridge桥梁。根据上文的分析可知, 汤姆和妻子分居了, 所以此处指和妻子之间筑起了一道“墙”, 暗指有隔阂。故选B项。
49. C考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 然后, 我遇到了一个我最害怕见到的人的意外拜访——我死去的大学同学的母亲。A. willing愿意的; B. precious珍贵的; C. unexpected出乎意料的; D. hopeful有希望的。根据下文“the mother of the college classmate who died（死去的大学同学的母亲）”可知, 对同学母亲的拜访是“出乎意料的”。故选C项。
50. B考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 然后, 我遇到了一个我最害怕见到的人的意外拜访——我死去的大学同学的母亲。A. respectful尊敬的; B. afraid害怕的; C. proud自豪的; D. sensitive敏感的。分析句意再根据空格后的to see可知, 此处是指“害怕”见到同学的母亲。故选B项。
51. D考查动词词义辨析。句意: “多年前, ”她说, “我打心眼里原谅了你”。A. send发送; B. warn警告; C. serve服务; D. forgive原谅。根据下文“Betty forgave you（贝蒂原谅了你）”可知, 此处指同学的母亲也“原谅了”汤姆。故选D项。
52. D 考查连词词义辨析。句意: 你的朋友也是。除非你原谅, 否则你就不能爱。A. Though尽管; B. As作为; C. Because因为; D. Unless除非。根据下文“you cannot love（你就不能爱）”可知, 此处指“除非”你原谅你自己。故选D项。
53. C考查名词词义辨析。句意: 没有爱, 生活就没有意义。A. pity同情; B. pain疼痛; C. meaning意思; D. shame羞耻。分析句意再根据上文的without love可知, 此处指没有爱, 生活就没有“意义”。故选C项。
54. B考查副词词义辨析。句意: 她停顿了一下, 然后严肃地说。A. excitedly兴奋地; B. seriously 严肃地; C. luckily 幸运地; D. casually 随意地。根据下文“You are the one person who hasn't forgiven Tom Anderson.（你是唯一一个还没原谅汤姆·安德森的人。）”可知, 此处应该是指“严肃地说”符合语境。故选B项。
55. A考查名词词义辨析。句意: 我从她的眼睛里发现, 如果她的儿子还活着, 我被允许成为的样子。A. permission许可; B. communication交流; C. anger愤怒; D. attempt试图。分析句意再根据空格后的to be the person可知, 此处用permission表示“允许”符合语境。故选A项。
56. B考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 这是我人生中第一次觉得自己值得去爱和被爱。A. impressed印象深刻的; B. worthy值得的; C. fair公平的; D. exhausted筋疲力尽的。分析句意再根据空格后的to love可知, 此处用worthy to do表示“值得去爱”符合语境。故选B项。
57. D考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 宽恕是真正的救赎之恩, 通过它我们可以获得从经验中学习的自由。A. grateful感激的; B. patient耐心的; C. challenging有挑战性的; D. saving救赎的、节约的。根据上文可知, 同学的母亲原谅了我, 且汤姆的生活较之前发生了好的变化, 所以说宽恕是“救赎”之恩。故选D项。
58. D考查名词词义辨析。句意: 宽恕是真正的救赎之恩, 通过它我们可以获得从经验中学习的自由。A. message口信; B. decision决定; C. protection保护; D. freedom自由。分析句意再根据空格前的gain可知, 此处指获得学习的“自由”。故选D项。
59. A考查动词词义辨析。句意: 但是原谅我们的缺点并不意味着否认它们的存在。A. denying 否认; B. promising承诺; C. demanding要求; D. explaining解释。分析下文的“On the contrary（相反）”可知, 此处指我们不能“否认”缺点的存在。故选A项。
60. C考查副词词义辨析。句意: 相反, 这意味着诚实、现实地面对它们。A. immediately迅速地; B. effectively有效地; C. honestly诚实地; D. initially最初地。根据下文的realistically可知, 此处用honestly与realistically呼应, 指“诚实地”和现实地面对缺点。故选C项。
语法填空
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国现存最古老的长城——古齐国的长城。
61. existing考查非谓语动词。句意: 古齐国的长城是中国现存最古老的长城, 横跨山东, 绵延600多公里。分析句子, 句中stretches为谓语动词, 设空处应该使用exist的现在分词作定语, 意为“现存的”。故填existing。
62. was built 考查动词时态语态。句意: 它建于春秋战国时期。分析句子, 设空处应该使用动词作谓语。句子表述过去事实故使用一般过去时。同时it与build之间是被动关系, 故使用一般过去时被动语态。故填 was built。
63. against或from考查固定短语。句意: 历史记载说, 齐国在这里建造城墙是为了抵御敌人, 也能有效地阻止洪水。句中defend…from/against…为固定短语, 意为“抵御”。故填against或from。
64. effectively 考查词性转换。句意: 同上。分析句子, 设空处应该使用effective的副词effectively 修饰动词stop flooding作状语, 意为“有效地”。故填 effectively。
65. to protect 考查非谓语动词。句意: 该站的一项关键任务是保护文物。分析可知句中is为谓语动词, 设空处应该使用不定式作表语, 表示目的。故填to protect。
66. has started 考查动词时态。句意: 20世纪70年代, 部分夯土墙被挖出来供农民耕种, 但从90年代初开始, 当地政府开始采取措施保护这堵墙。分析句子, 设空处使用动词作谓语, 此处表示动作发生在过去持续到现在, 故使用现在完成时。故填has started。
67. construction考查词性转换。句意: 快速的发展和建设给长城的保护带来了许多新的问题和挑战。分析句子, 设空处应该使用construct的名词construction作主语, 意为“建设”。故填 construction。
68. It 考查代词。句意: 必须为其保护提供坚实的法律保障。分析句子, 设空处使用代词作主语, 句中it is+形容词+to do为固定句型, it为形式主语, 真正的主语为不定式结构。故填
69. that/which考查定语从句。句意: 为了应对这一挑战, 山东省已经通过了一项保护该结构的规定, 该规定将于1月1日生效。分析句子, 设空处引导的是限制性定语从句, 引导词在从句中作主语, 指代前文的structure, 为物, 故用that 或者which。故填that或者which。
70. means 考查词性转换。句意: 该方案指出, 地方政府将利用遥感卫星、无人机、信息平台和其他技术手段建立动态保护系统, 对长城进行监测。分析句子, 设空处应该使用mean的名词means作宾语, 意为“方式”, 此处表示复数意义。故填means。
短文改错
【解题导语】这是一篇应用文。作者写信祝贺朋友参加了普通话演讲比赛并获得一等奖
71. 第一处: getting→got 考查时态。句意: 得知你参加了普通话演讲比赛并获得一等奖, 我写信祝贺你! 分析句子结构, 连词and前后并列两个谓语动词, 结合提示词took, 时态为一般过去时, 所以要将getting改为谓语动词got。故getting改为got。
72. 第二处: 删除congratulate后的to考查及物动词。句意: 得知你参加了普通话演讲比赛并获得一等奖, 我写信祝贺你! congratulate是及物动词, 其后直接加宾语, “祝贺某人”为congratulate sb, 所以要将to 删除。故删除to。
73. 第三处: learn→learning 考查固定短语。句意: 我一直记得你致力于学习普通话。此处考查devote to doing sth, 表示“致力于做某事”, 故learn改为learning。
74. 第四处: what→whatever 考查状语从句。句意: 无论发生什么事, 你都从未放弃。此处考查让步状语从句, 所以要将what改为whatever, 表示“无论什么”。故what改为whatever。
75. 第五处: out→off考查固定短语。句意: 最终取得了回报。由句意可知, 此处表示“取得成功, 得到回报”, 用固定短语 pay off。故out改为off。
76. 第六处: is→are考查主谓一致。句意: 你的努力, 尤其是你的决心, 真是令人钦佩。分析句子结构, 该句子的主语是Your efforts, 复数, 故is改为are。
77. 第七处: constantly→constant 考查词性转换。句意: 我从你身上学到, 即使面临许多困难, 我们也应该不断努力实现目标。分析句子结构, 此处constantly后是名词efforts, 所以要将副词constantly改为形容词constant, 作定语修饰名词。故 constantly改为constant。
78. 第八处: you→us考查代词。句意: 我从你那里学到, 即使面临许多困难, 我们也应该不断努力实现目标。由句意和提示词“we”可知, 此处表示即使“我们”面临很多困难, 所以要将you改为us。故you改为us。
79. 第九处: great前加a考查冠词。句意: 我为你感到骄傲, 能有一个像你这样的朋友我感到非常荣幸。此处honor是可数名词单数, 所以其前要加不定冠词, 表泛指, great发音时以辅音音素开头, 故great 前加冠词a。
80. 第十处: wish→wishes考查名词的数。句意: 再次祝贺你, 并向你致以最美好的祝愿! 固定表达best wishes to you, 向你致以美好的祝愿。故wish改为wishes。
书面表达
Boys and girls,
May I have your attention, please?
Festivals help to open doors to many interesting activities and various aspects of culture. To deepen our understanding of British festivals and culture, we are gathered here today to attend the lecture by Professor David Brown. He is an expert in British festivals and culture, who is currently hosting a series of lectures on cross-cultural communication at Zhejiang University.
Please be polite while listening. Turn off all electronic devices and don't talk unless invited. Now, let's welcome Professor David and start our cultural journey.