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2022-2023学年宁夏银川一中高三下学期第三次模拟英语试题含听力解析版
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这是一份2022-2023学年宁夏银川一中高三下学期第三次模拟英语试题含听力解析版，共34页。试卷主要包含了作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
英 语 试 题 卷
(银川一中第三次模拟考试)
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：听力理解(共两节。满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A.＄19.15. B.＄9.18. C.＄9.15.
答案是C.
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At the customs. B. At the hotel. C. At the cinema.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Welcome. Passport and form, please.
W: Sure. Here you go.
M: Thank you. What’s the purpose of your visit?
W: I’m here for work. I’m on a business trip.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How much money will the man get back?
A. $6. B. $4. C. $10.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, are you ready to pay?
M: Yes, could I get these two shirts?
W: Sure. The total is six dollars.
M: OK. I’ve got ten.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How does the woman feel finally?
A. Defeated. B. Depressed. C. Encouraged.
【答案】C
【解析】
原文】M: How was your exam?
W: I really messed up, Uncle. I couldn’t answer a lot of the questions. I already know that I failed.
M: Everybody makes mistakes. Auntie and I will always support you!
W: Thank you, Uncle. I will try again.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man want?
A. Some chips. B. Ship models. C. Pig dolls.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hey mom, are you at the supermarket now?
W: Hello? Sweetie, the sound isn’t very clear.
M: Don’t forget to bring me some chips, and I don’t want a small bag. I want a big one.
W: A pig ship? What is it? A model? I can’t hear you clearly. You can text me.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What made the woman wait so long for her clothes?
A. Her not being informed in time.
B. The wrong delivery of her package.
C. The breaking-down of the company.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, Ben. I will go to the front desk to fetch my package. My new clothes finally came!
M: Did it take a long time?
W: Yeah. They made a mistake and sent it to the wrong address.
M: I want to send a package too. So I’ll go with you.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. How long will the speakers wait for?
A. 45 minutes. B. 55 minutes. C. 60 minutes.
7. What will the speakers do next?
A. Wait in line. B. Do some shopping. C. Find another restaurant.
【答案】6. A 7. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Wow, look! So many people are waiting in line. This place is always packed on Fridays.
W: I don’t want to stand here for an hour. Let’s go somewhere else.
M: It’s Friday night. Everywhere has a line. Let’s just eat here. We can use a waitlist app.
W: A waitlist app? How does that work?
M: You just choose the restaurant, and the app will put you on the waitlist and give you a number.
W: That’s easy. Does it say how many groups are ahead of us?
M: Yeah, 10 groups. So, it’s a 45-minute wait for our table, but we don’t have to stick around here.
W: Great. What are we waiting for? Let’s do some shopping to kill time.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Who is the cake made for?
A. The man. B. The woman. C. The man’s daughter.
9. What will they do first according to the recipe?
A. Heat the oven. B. Mix the flour. C. Brush the pan.
10. What will the man finally do?
A. Cut out a piece of cake.
B. Put some fruit on the cake.
C. Write a message on the cake.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hey Jen, thank you for helping me bake a cake for my daughter.
W: No problem. It’s so sweet of you to make her a cake.
M: Yeah, but I’ve never made a cake before. So, hopefully, it’ll be OK!
W: I’m sure it will. What’s first on the recipe?
M: Well, it says to heat the oven first to 180 degrees.
W: I’ll do that while you start mixing the flour.
M: OK, I also need eggs, butter, and 2 cups of sugar? Is that too much?
W: Nope! 2 cups is perfect. Now we just put the mixture in the pan and bake it for 30 minutes.
M: That’s it? Well, that was a piece of cake!
W: Do you want to write a special message on it?
M: Yes. It’s “Happy every day!”
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. Why was Mike’s brother crying?
A. Mike didn’t play with his brother.
B. Mike didn’t give his brother’s things back.
C. Mike didn’t let his brother play with his toys.
12. What does the woman think of Mike’s behavior?
A. Unusual. B. Unselfish. C. Unfriendly.
13. What does the woman advise Mike to do?
A. To be more careful.
B. To share things.
C. To make an apology.
14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Father and daughter.
B. Brother and sister.
C. Mother and son.
【答案】11. C 12. C 13. B 14. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Mike, do you know why your brother is crying?
M: I don’t know. Maybe because I wouldn’t let him play with my toys.
W: That’s not very kind. What do we say in our family?
M: Sharing is caring.
W: That’s right. Sharing is caring. That means you two need to take turns with your toys.
M: But he always plays them alone! He never gives them back.
W: You’re his big brother. You need to set an example for him.
M: But sometimes he even breaks them!
W: I’ll ask him to be more careful. And you can ask him nicely to give them back next time.
M: But...
W: No buts, Mister! If you don’t listen to my words, I’ll tell your father.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
15. What do we know about this manned flight mission?
A. It has the longest staying time.
B. It is the hardest to operate.
C. It travels at the fastest speed.
16. What do Taikonauts do to pass the time?
A. Play instruments. B. Play tennis. C. Play cards.
17. What does the woman’s final words mean?
A. Women are as excellent as men.
B. Women undertake more than men do.
C. Women are less suitable in this mission.
【答案】15. A 16. A 17. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Hey, are you watching a video of the Chinese space station? Shenzhou-12, right?
M: Close. Shenzhou-13.
W: It’s hard to keep up with China speed! So how long are they in orbit this time?
M: Six months, the longest stay of any single manned fight mission in China’s history.
W: So do you watch them conduct experiments or spacewalks or what?
M: Pretty much. They even give lessons in the space station!
W: I wonder what the Taikonauts do to pass the time up there?
M: They go for jogs, play musical instruments, and even play ping-pong.
W: Zero-gravity ping-pong! I gotta try that! Who’s that lady floating by?
M: That’s Wang Yaping. She’s become somewhat of a celebrity down here on earth.
W: Well, women hold up half the sky, so it’s only fitting that they should work in it too.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. Which pet may an outgoing person prefer?
A. A cat. B. A dog. C. A bird.
19. What may a cat owner be like?
A. Sociable. B. Clever. C. Careful.
20. What does the speech mainly talk about?
A. More outgoing dog people.
B. Less sociable cat people.
C. Pet people’s personalities.
【答案】18 B 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Are you a dog person or a cat person? What psychological factors make a person choose one type of pet over the other?
An outgoing person prefers dogs. This should really come as no surprise. Owning a dog is a social experience, because you always have to walk them and interact with other dog owners. If you really like talking to other people, a dog might be for you. Cats on the other hand tend to stay at home, which means that taking care of a cat requires much less social interaction.
Cat people are smarter. While studies show that dog lovers are more outgoing and lively, cat lovers score higher on intelligence tests, and are said to be more open-minded. They are also more curious about the world, even though they might not leave the house to see it as much!
Do you love a dog or a cat? Are you a different kind of pet person like a turtle person or a bird person? Does your personality match with some features we talked about earlier? I hope my speech will be helpful to you. Thank you for listening!
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
If you have no difficulty in understanding what native English speakers say in daily life, there is a whole new world of brilliant podcast (播客) series to explore. If you aren’t sure where to start, have a look at these:
The Joc Rogan Experience ★★★★★
The Joc Rogan Experience is a great learning device because of its interesting English conversations between Rogan and his guests. At the time of writing there have been over 1,660 episodes with subjects ranging from comedy and science to politics and sports. Rogan is also a famous stand-up comedian, so the show is full of cultural references and idioms.
This American Life ★★★★★
This American Life is a great choice for English learners who want an insight into the culture of the USA. It is a mixture of journalism and storytelling, focusing on real-life tales from citizens of all regions of the country. The stories are new and varied. One episode was taped for 24 hours in an all-night restaurant; another interviewed workers on strike.
The Writer's Voice ★★★★☆
The New Yorker is a famous American magazine, and every week it prints a new short story. In this podcast, the week's story is read aloud by its writer. The published work covers a wide range of life experiences across the United States and beyond. It's a great way to enjoy some of the best new fiction in the country.
Overheard at National Geographic ★★★★★
National Geographic is a much-loved American magazine (and TV channel) famous for incredible stories and photography related to science and the environment. Overheard is about the discussions Nat Geo employees have had while taking breaks. Expect crazy stories from explorers, photographers, and scientists from around the world.
21. In order to fully enjoy these podcasts, you should________.
A. have interaction with hosts
B have good English competence
C. be interested in being a podcaster
D. be familiar with American social life
22. Which podcast gives you more stories behind the scene?
A. The Writer's Voice.
B. This American Life.
C. The Joe Rogan Experience.
D. Overheard at National Geographic.
23. What do these podcasts have in common?
A. They enjoy great popularity.
B. Their stories are set in America.
C. They are attached to magazines.
D. Their works are updated weekly.
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要向在日常生活中理解以英语为母语的人说的话没有困难的人介绍了全新的精彩播客系列。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句“If you have no difficulty in understanding what native English speakers say in daily life, there is a whole new world of brilliant podcast series to explore.(如果你在日常生活中理解以英语为母语的人说的话没有困难，还有一个全新的精彩播客系列等着你去探索)”可知，如果想要完全享受这些播客，首先你要有好的英语能力。故选B项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段倒数第二句“Overheard is about the discussions Nat Geo employees have had while taking breaks.(偶然听到的是国家地理员工在休息时的讨论)”可知，Overheard at National Geographic可以让你听到更多的幕后故事。故选D项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一个小标题下第二句“At the time of writing there have been over 1,660 episodes with subjects ranging from comedy and science to politics and sports.(到我写这篇文章的时候，已经有1660多集了，主题从喜剧、科学到政治和体育)”和其余三个小标题的第一句“This American Life is a great choice for English learners who want an insight into the culture of the USA.(《美国生活》对于想要深入了解美国文化的英语学习者来说是一个很好的选择)”“The New Yorker is a famous American magazine, and every week it prints a new short story.(《纽约客》是美国著名的杂志，它每周出版一篇新的短篇小说)”“National Geographic is a much-loved American magazine (and TV channel) famous for incredible stories and photography related to science and the environment.(《国家地理》是一本深受喜爱的美国杂志(和电视频道)，以与科学和环境有关的令人难以置信的故事和照片而闻名)”可知，这几个播客的共同点是它们都很受欢迎。故选A项。
B
Don’t call Madison Stewart an environmentalist. She sees herself simply as an individual taking action in defense of something she loves that’s in need of protection.
Despite her youth, the 24-year-old is an undersea veteran (老手). She grew up sailing around the Great Barrier Reef on her parents’ boat and spent her early life free diving while patiently waiting for the day when she could get her scuba diving (水肺潜水) certification, aged 12. Already impressed by sharks, Madison was now pleased to be able to observe them in their own world. “I got to know the sharks...I could recognize them by sight,” Madison says. “Other people had dogs around them growing up. I had sharks.”
But within a couple of years, she saw a great reduction in shark numbers on the reef. “One day I went in the water and couldn’t find my sharks anywhere, sharks I’d spent my childhood with,” she says. “They’d been caught and killed.” It was a great moment for Madison.
She left school at 14 to be homeschooled so she could spend more time in the ocean. She taught herself to shoot underwater video to document sharks in their own world and share her sense of wonder with others. She launched a YouTube channel and built a huge following for her documentaries where she focuses on issues like inadequate protection for some shark species and the global shark fin (鳍) industry.
In 2014 Madison was the subject of the encouraging documentary Shark Girl, which introduced her to a global audience. In 2017 she appeared as an “Ocean Guardian” in the documentary Blue that explored a lot of threats to the world’s marine environments, including the damaging effect of the global shark fishery. The film encourages viewers to get involved and includes practical steps to guide them to do so. It shows Madison’s philosophy that the power of the individual to make a difference by their own direct action should never be underestimated.
24. What did Madison do before getting her scuba diving certification?
A. She went sailing often. B. She went boating alone.
C. She practised free diving. D. She protected the Great Barrier Reef.
25. Why did Madison shoot underwater video to document sharks?
A. To record sharks’ world of wonder. B. To popularize her photography works.
C. To raise awareness of shark conservation. D. To spare more time to accompany sharks.
26. Which of the following may agree with Madison’s philosophy?
A. Many hands make light work. B. Action speaks louder than words.
C. Together we can make a difference. D. Personal influence can’t be ignored.
27. What’s the purpose of writing this passage?
A. To introduce an influential conservationist.
B. To advertise some encouraging documentaries.
C. To inspire people to protect whatever they love.
D. To inform people how to preserve marine wildlife.
【答案】24. C 25. C 26. D 27. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了海洋守护者麦迪逊为了保护鲨鱼所做的努力，她参与拍摄的纪录片也鼓励人们参与鲨鱼保护的行动中来。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“She grew up sailing around the Great Barrier Reef on her parents’ boat and spent her early life free diving while patiently waiting for the day when she could get her scuba diving (水肺潜水) certification, aged 12.(12岁时，她乘父母的船绕着大堡礁航行，早年自由潜水，耐心地等待着获得水肺潜水证书的那一天)”可知，麦迪逊在获得水肺潜水证书之前练习自由潜水。故选C。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“She taught herself to shoot underwater video to document sharks in their own world and share her sense of wonder with others. She launched a YouTube channel and built a huge following for her documentaries where she focuses on issues like inadequate protection for some shark species and the global shark fin (鳍) industry.(她自学拍摄水下视频，记录鲨鱼在它们自己的世界里，并与他人分享她的惊奇感。她开设了一个YouTube频道，并为她的纪录片建立了大量的追随者，她关注的问题包括对某些鲨鱼物种的保护不足以及全球鱼翅产业)”可推知，她拍摄鲨鱼水下生活的视频是为了提升人们保护鲨鱼的意识。故选C。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“It shows Madison’s philosophy that the power of the individual to make a difference by their own direct action should never be underestimated.(它显示了麦迪逊的哲学，即个人通过自己的直接行动产生影响的力量永远不应该被低估)”可知，麦迪逊的哲学是个人改变世界的力量不应该被低估。故选D。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Don’t call Madison Stewart an environmentalist. She sees herself simply as an individual taking action in defense of something she loves that’s in need of protection.(不要称麦迪逊·斯图尔特为环保主义者。她只把自己看作是一个采取行动来保护她所爱的、需要保护的东西的个体)”结合本文主要介绍了海洋守护者麦迪逊为了保护鲨鱼所做的努力，她参与拍摄的纪录片也鼓励人们参与鲨鱼保护的行动中来。由此推知，写这篇文章的目的是介绍一位有影响力的环保主义者。故选A。
C
For thousands of years, Chinese writers have travelled all over the country to take down notes about the geographical conditions of each city. Among them, well-known Chinese geographer and writer Li Daoyuan, in the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534), composed his book, Commentary on the Water Classics, after studying the original literary version, Water Classics. He later expanded the river records to 1, 252 from the original 137.
The book is now being studied again by Professor Li Xiaojie and his team from Fudan University. They have been using drawing software and 3D modelling to recreate the waterway situations on a map based on the book description. So far, they have completed research on four rivers.
“Ancient people knew really well how to apply the power of nature to technical considerations,”Li said, giving the example of Qianjin’e, one of the most famous ancient water conservation projects in Luoyang, Henan. In order to lead the river into the city for irrigation (灌溉) in ancient Luoyang, the officials built a canal branch by separating a northwest-southeast river. However, the canal water wasn't enough to support the citizens in dry seasons. To solve that, on the northern side of the canal branch, the officials built a reservoir (水库) and a channel to lead the water to the canal branch, where the waterways would converge and flow together to the city.
In Commentary on the Water Classics, a total of 2, 800 cities are recorded with details. Still, the process of recreation takes much effort. After doing a lot of text analysis and fieldwork, the team has gradually created the model with 3D modelling software based on repeated deductions (推论).
For Professor Li, the book is not only a record of the natural landscape over 1, 000 years ago, but also a detailed description of humanity and culture and a treasure for today’s reference.
28. What can we learn about the book Commentary on the Water Classics?
A. It has been out of date. B. It explains 3D modelling.
C. It keeps records of 137 rivers. D. It is based on previous studies.
29. What does the underlined word “converge” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Join. B. Pass. C. Cross. D. Begin.
30. What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about model recreation?
A. Its major problems. B. Its detailed analysis.
C. Its complex process. D. Its successful application.
31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. 3D Technology Fuels Modern Research
B. Ancient Classics Inspire Modern Research
C. An Effective Approach to Model Recreation
D. A Famous Writer of Chinese Ancient Classics
【答案】28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了复旦大学李晓杰教授及其团队根据古代著作《水经注》的描述，使用绘图软件和3D建模重现了水道情况。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Among them, well-known Chinese geographer and writer Li Daoyuan, in the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534), composed his book, Commentary on the Water Classics, after studying the original literary version, Water Classics.(其中，中国著名地理学家、作家郦道元在北魏（386-534）对《水经》原著进行研究后，撰写了《水经注》一书)”可知，《水经注》是基于对之前《水经》一书的研究。故选D项。
【29题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词前“To solve that, on the northern side of the canal branch, the officials built a reservoir (水库) and a channel to lead the water to the canal branch(为了解决这个问题，官员们在运河支流的北侧建了一个水库和一个渠道，把水引到运河支流)”及划线词后“flow together to the city(一起流向城市)”可知，此处指水在支流汇合然后一起流入城市，converge意为“汇合”。故选A项。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“Still, the process of recreation takes much effort. After doing a lot of text analysis and fieldwork, the team has gradually created the model with 3D modelling software based on repeated deductions(推论).(然而，娱乐的过程需要很多努力。经过大量的文本分析和实地调查，团队在反复推演的基础上，用3D建模软件逐步建立模型)”可知，本段主要讲述重建模型的复杂过程。故选C项。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段中“They have been using drawing software and 3D modelling to recreate the waterway situations on a map based on the book description.(他们一直在使用绘图软件和3D建模，在地图上根据书中的描述重现水道情况)”可知，文章主要讲述复旦大学李晓杰教授及其团队根据《水经注》的描述，使用绘图软件和3D建模重现了水道情况。故B项“古代经典启发现代研究”适合作为文章标题。故选B项。
D
Is the end of homework near? As new powerful artificial intelligence tools like ChatGPT take the Internet by storm, teachers concerned with AI-driven cheating are questioning their teaching and assessment methods.
ChatGPT, the most powerful AI language model ever developed by the company OpenAI, remembers the thread of your dialogue, using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses. Deriving its answers from huge volumes of information on the Internet, it is fine-tuned using both supervised and reinforcement learning. It is capable of generating natural-sounding text on demand in just a few seconds. The quality of the copy it produces is sufficient to impress teachers in secondary and higher education, and even researchers. A few days after its launch, more than 1 million people were trying out ChatGPT. UBS analyst Lloyd Walmsley estimated in February 2023 that ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users in January, accomplishing in 2 months what took TikTok about 9 months and Instagram two and a half years.
The use of AI tools in copywriting has sparked an outcry around the world. In the United States, public schools in New York and Seattle have decided to block ChatGPT from their devices and WiFi networks. In France, the prestigious Sciences Po university in Paris has also just announced a strict ban on its use. But experts question whether bans like these are really effective. On one hand, students will always be able to access tools like ChatGPT through other means than school devices. On the other hand, some question the relevance of blocking access to a digital tool whose use is likely to grow in the professional world in the coming years.
Amelie Cordier, a lecturer in artificial intelligence at Lyon University, notes that students haven’t waited for ChatGPT to try to escape the chore of homework—whether by photocopying the library encyclopedia, copy-pasting content from Wikipedia or enlisting their parents’ help. “What is ultimately very important in the learning process is not so much the subject on which you learn, it’s the methodology that you learn to develop around that subject,” Cordier said.
32. Why does the author raise a question in paragraph 1?
A. To imply a future trend.
B. To arouse the readers’ interest.
C. To introduce background knowledge.
D. To reveal the negative effects of artificial intelligence.
33. For what purpose does the author list figures in paragraph 2?
A. To show the popularity of ChatGPT.
B. To stress the high cost of inventing ChatGPT.
C. To present the creativity of artificial intelligence.
D. To prove the necessity of developing tools for chatting online.
34. Which of the following is probably the reason for the experts’ question?
A. Students can always employ AI tools in other ways.
B. Teachers and researchers are impressed by ChatGPT.
C. The bans have been announced only in the US and France.
D. AI tools have already been widely applied in professional fields.
35. What plays a critical role in learning according to Cordier?
A. Parents’ help. B. The library encyclopedia.
C. The system of methods. D. The content from Wikipedia.
【答案】32. B 33. A 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述学生正在用 ChatGPT 做作业，学校应该禁止使用这一类人工智能工具，还是应该接受它们。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Is the end of homework near? As new powerful artificial intelligence tools like ChatGPT take the Internet by storm, teachers concerned with AI-driven cheating are questioning their teaching and assessment methods. (作业快结束了吗? 随着 ChatGPT 等强大的新型人工智能工具在互联网上风靡，担心人工智能作弊的教师们开始质疑自己的教学和评估方法)”可知，作者提出这一问题旨在引起读者的阅读兴趣，让大家关注学生使用ChatGPT做作业的问题。故选B项。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“A few days after its launch, more than 1 million people were trying out ChatGPT. UBS analyst Lloyd Walmsley estimated in February 2023 that ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users in January, accomplishing in 2 months what took TikTok about 9 months and Instagram two and a half years. (上线几天后，超过100万人试用了ChatGPT。瑞银(UBS)分析师劳埃德·沃姆斯利(Lloyd Walmsley)在2023年2月估计，ChatGPT在1月份的月用户数达到1亿，用了2个月就完成了TikTok花了9个月、Instagram花了两年半的时间的成果)”可知，本段列举数字是为了证明该产品ChatGPT的受欢迎程度。故选A项。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“But experts question whether bans like these are really effective. On one hand, students will always be able to access tools like ChatGPT through other means than school devices. On the other hand, some question the relevance of blocking access to a digital tool whose use is likely to grow in the professional world in the coming years.(但专家质疑这样的禁令是否真的有效。一方面，学生将永远能够通过学校设备以外的其他方式访问ChatGPT等工具。另一方面，一些人质疑禁止使用数字工具的相关性，因为未来几年，数字工具在专业领域的使用可能会增加)”可知，对于某些学校屏蔽ChatGPT的做法，一些专家表示质疑，其中一个原因就是，学生会通过校园网之外别的方法使用ChatGPT。故选A项。
【35题详解】
细节理解题，根据第四段Cordier “What is ultimately very important in the learning process is not so much the subject on which you learn, it’s the methodology that you learn to develop around that subject (在学习过程中，最重要的不是你学习的科目，而是你围绕该科目学习的方法)”可知，Cordier认为，在学习过程中，最终非常重要的不是学习的科目，而是围绕该科目学习的系统的方法。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
False Memories or Parallel (平行的) Realities?
Here is a common situation: You’re talking with someone about an event, only to discover that you both remember things quite differently. Usually, you’d put it down to a poor memory, but what if it wasn’t just one person who remembered things differently? What if it was millions?
In fact, this isn’t a “what if” situation. It’s known as the Mandela Effect, and it was first noticed in 2009 by paranormal researcher Fiona Broome. Broome was chatting with people about the South African activist Nelson Mandela, and she commented how sad it was that he had died in prison in the 1980s. ___36___ Actually, he'd been released in 1990, become president of South Africa, and died in 2013.
Broome was so shocked at this that she started an investigation. ___37___ People have memories of movies that never existed, and famous words that were never spoken. There is even a group who clearly recall seeing maps showing that New Zealand was northeast of Australia (it’s southeast ). So what in the world is going on?
___38___ In each reality, history is shaped by different events, and the Mandela Effect occurs when some of us shift from one reality to another. Therefore, those who remember Nelson Mandela dying in the 1980s aren’t wrong. They’re just remembering events from their original reality.
More likely, however, is that the Mandela Effect has to do with how our brains store information. ___39___ Many people remember Pikachu’s tail having a black tip on the end of it, when in fact it was always yellow. “Aha!” you cry. “Parallel realities!” Probably not. Consider instead that people often ignore unfamiliar details and transform information to make it more understandable. In the Pikachu example, his tail may not have a black tip, but his ears certainly do. Thus, both his ears and tail are misremembered as having black tips. ___40___
All things considered, if you’re stuck arguing with someone about whose version of events is correct, it may indeed be easier to agree that neither of you is wrong. You just come from different realities.
A. Before we explain let’s look at an example.
B. It turns out she wasn’t the only one who’d experienced this.
C. If several people make these memory errors, the false memory gets stronger socially.
D. The story of Nelson Mandela is not the only example of this type of false group memory.
E. Some claim the Mandela Effect happens because we live in one of many parallel realities.
F. Many in her group agreed, while others mentioned that Nelson Mandela had not died in prison.
G. As more incidents of the Mandela effect continue to occur, perhaps more research into the origins will tell us the causes.
【答案】36. F 37. D 38. E 39. A 40. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了曼德拉效应的发现以及相关研究和其产生的原因。
【36题详解】
上文“Broome was chatting with people about the South African activist Nelson Mandela, and she commented how sad it was that he had died in prison in the 1980s（布鲁姆和人们聊起了南非社会活动家纳尔逊·曼德拉，她说曼德拉在20世纪80年代死于狱中是多么令人悲伤。）”说明在布鲁姆记忆中曼德拉80年代死于狱中，下文“Actually, he'd been released in 1990, become president of South Africa, and died in 2013.（实际上，他在1990年被释放，成为南非总统，并于2013年去世。）”说明事实上曼德拉并不像布鲁姆记忆中的那样死于狱中，F项“Many in her group agreed, while others mentioned that Nelson Mandela had not died in prison.（她所在小组的很多人都同意这一观点，而其他人则提到，纳尔逊·曼德拉并没有死在监狱里。）”说明对曼德拉死亡时间这件事情的两种不同的观点，承上启下，符合语境。故选F项。
【37题详解】
下文“People have memories of movies that never existed, and famous words that were never spoken. There is even a group who clearly recall seeing maps showing that New Zealand was northeast of Australia (it’s southeast ).（人们对从未存在过的电影有记忆，对从未说过的名言有记忆。甚至有一群人清楚地记得看到地图显示新西兰在澳大利亚的东北部(它在东南)。）”介绍了一些其他的有关错误记忆的例子，D项“The story of Nelson Mandela is not the only example of this type of false group memory.（纳尔逊·曼德拉的故事并不是这种错误群体记忆的唯一例子。）”引出下文，说明有关错误记忆的例子，符合语境，故选D项。
【38题详解】
上一段段末“So what in the world is going on?（那么到底发生了什么？）”以提问的方式引出下文对曼德拉效应产生原因的解释，下文“In each reality, history is shaped by different events, and the Mandela Effect occurs when some of us shift from one reality to another.（在每个现实中，历史是由不同的事件塑造的，当我们中的一些人从一个现实转向另一个现实时，曼德拉效应就发生了。）”说明曼德勒效应产生可能是由于不同的现实，E项“Some claim the Mandela Effect happens because we live in one of many parallel realities.（一些人声称，曼德拉效应的出现是因为我们生活在许多平行的现实中。）”作为段首，承上启下，引出“多个平行现实”这一概念，说明有些人认为的曼德拉效应产生的原因，和下文中“从一个现实转向另一个现实”相衔接，符合语境。故选E项。
【39题详解】
上文“More likely, however, is that the Mandela Effect has to do with how our brains store information.（然而，更有可能的是，曼德拉效应与我们大脑储存信息的方式有关。）”提出了另一种曼德拉效应产生的原因，下文“Many people remember Pikachu’s tail having a black tip on the end of it, when in fact it was always yellow…Probably not…In the Pikachu example, his tail may not have a black tip, but his ears certainly do. Thus, both his ears and tail are misremembered as having black tips.（许多人都记得皮卡丘的尾巴末端有一个黑色的尖，但实际上它总是黄色的……或许不是……在皮卡丘的例子中，它的尾巴可能没有黑色的尖，但它的耳朵肯定有。因此，人们误以为它的耳朵和尾巴都是黑色的。）”以皮卡丘的例子说明曼德拉效应产生的另一个原因可能是人们信息存储的问题，A项“Before we explain let’s look at an example.（在解释之前，让我们看一个例子。）”承上启下，引出下文的例子。故选A项。
【40题详解】
上文“Many people remember Pikachu’s tail having a black tip on the end of it, when in fact it was always yellow…Thus, both his ears and tail are misremembered as having black tips.（许多人都记得皮卡丘的尾巴末端有一个黑色的尖，但实际上它总是黄色的……因此，人们误以为它的耳朵和尾巴都是黑色的。）”说明人们对皮卡丘形象的错误记忆是由于人们对信息的错误处理，C项“If several people make these memory errors, the false memory gets stronger socially.（如果一些人犯了这些记忆错误，错误的记忆就会在社会上变得更强。）”说明为什么很多人会有一个群体的错误记忆，承接上文，符合语境。故选C项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The insistent knock on the door brought me quickly from my kitchen. With my children down for a nap, I ____41____ to answer before they were all awakened. We had just moved here and I couldn’t ____42____ who it would be. I opened the door and a crack revealed an old man dressed in dirty clothing.
“Can I help you?” I asked, hoping he had the wrong ____43____.
“Would you like to buy some fresh garden vegetables?” His voice was trembling but his eyes were ____44____. I wondered if he badly needed the bit of money he was asking for his ____45____. “I’m Mr. Locket living around the corner. My wife ____46____ and my children live far away,” he ____47____. Later we knew that the need for companionship had sent him door to door ____48____ selling fruits and vegetables and ours was the only door opened to him.
As days went on, Mr. Locket became a ____49____ visitor. Every day he read books in our big chair with my children curled up on his lap. When they took an afternoon nap, he would _____50_____ his head on the back of the chair. In his quiet and gentle way, he endeared himself to each child. _____51_____ the name “Grandpa Locket” slipped into our conversations.
Three years later, we had to move to Ontario. He arrived as usual that morning. “Mr. Locket,” I tried to _____52_____ the news in a gentle way, “You’ve become a (n) _____53_____ part of this family, but ...” Tears glistened in the corners of his eyes.
“I _____54_____ to keep in touch with you and ...” My throat tightened. He nodded _____55_____ softly said, “Thank you for all your kindness to an old man. When I needed a family, you _____56_____ me.” With tears, we all hugged him _____57_____.
About a year later, a small _____58_____ from Mr. Locket’s daughter was delivered to our home. She informed us that our dear old friend had died. “I’m so grateful for your loving care for my father,” she wrote, “I can see how much you _____59_____ to him, too.” Actually, we’re also grateful for the _____60_____ love that swept into our lives the moment we opened that door.
41. A. hesitated B. hurried C. hated D. happened
42. A. imagine B. recognize C. believe D. acknowledge
43. A. number B. road C. direction D. address
44. A. shining B. understanding C. hopeful D. desperate
45. A. produce B. food C. clothes D. fruits
46. A. went away B. broke away C. passed away D. ran away
47. A. complained B. added C. screamed D. roared
48. A. in place of B. by means of C. in need of D. by order of
49. A. yearly B. monthly C. weekly D. daily
50. A. rest B. put C. plant D. lower
51. A. Gradually B. Suddenly C. Generally D. Quickly
52. A. announce B. make C. break D. report
53. A. natural B. inner C. necessary D. treasured
54. A. wish B. try C. promise D. struggle
55. A. but B. and C. yet D. so
56. A. included B. refused C. tolerated D. received
57. A. willingly B. tightly C. eagerly D. faithfully
58. A. book B. bill C. picture D. envelope
59. A. owed B. sent C. meant D. showed
60. A. unexpected B. deep C. permanent D. selfless
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. A 46. C 47. B 48. B 49. D 50. A 51. A 52. C 53. D 54. C 55. B 56. A 57. B 58. D 59. C 60. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者给予一位孤单的老人关爱，在相处的过程中，把老人当作家庭的一部分的故事，在老人去世后，作者收到老人女儿的信，表达了对作者一家人的感激之情。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的孩子们正在小睡，在他们被吵醒之前，我急忙去开门。A. hesitated犹豫；B. hurried急忙；C. hated憎恨；D. happened发生。根据句中“With my children down for a nap”可知，作者的孩子在睡觉，由此可知，作者怕孩子们被敲门声吵醒，所以应该是急忙去开门。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们刚搬到这里，我无法想象会是谁。A. imagine想象；B. recognize认出；C. believe相信；D. acknowledge承认。根据句中“We had just moved here”可知，作者一家人刚搬到这里，还不认识什么人，由此可知，作者想象不出敲门的人是谁。故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“有什么需要帮忙的吗？”我问，希望他弄错地址了。A. number号码；B. road路；C. direction方向；D. address地址。根据上文“I opened the door and a crack revealed an old man dressed in dirty clothing.”可知，敲门的是一个穿着脏衣服的老人，作者并不认识，由此可知，作者是希望对方敲她的门是因为弄错了地址。故选D项。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“你想买些新鲜的蔬菜吗？”他的声音颤抖着，但眼睛充满了希望。A. shining光亮的；B. understanding善解人意的；C. hopeful抱有希望的；D. desperate绝望的。根据后文“Later we knew that the need for companionship had sent him door to door _____ selling fruits and vegetables”可知，老人是需要陪伴才挨家挨户地卖水果和蔬菜，由此可知，老人的眼睛里是充满希望的，希望作者能买他的蔬菜，不要把他拒之门外。故选C项。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想知道他卖他的产品是否是因为急需一点钱。A. produce产品；B. food食物；C. clothes衣服；D. fruits水果。根据上文“Would you like to buy some fresh garden vegetables?”可知，老人卖的是蔬菜，蔬菜属于农产品的一种。故选A项。
【46题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：“我是住在街角的洛克特先生。我妻子去世了，我的孩子住得很远，”他补充说。A. went away离开；B. broke away逃脱；C. passed away去世；D. ran away逃跑。根据后文“Later we knew that the need for companionship had sent him door to door _____ selling fruits and vegetables”可知，老人卖东西是因为需要陪伴，他很孤独，由此可知，他的妻子去世了并且孩子住的很远，所以才会感到孤独。故选C项。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我是住在街角的洛克特先生。我妻子去世了，我的孩子住得很远，”他补充说。A. complained抱怨；B. added补充说；C. screamed尖叫；D. roared咆哮。根据上文“I’m Mr. Locket living around the corner.”可知，老人是在介绍自己，并且上文老人已经和作者说过话了，由此可知，他是补充说。故选B项。
【48题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：后来我们知道，由于需要陪伴，他只能用挨家挨户卖水果和蔬菜的方式，我们是唯一给他开门的人。A. in place of代替；B. by means of用，凭借；C. in need of需要；D. by order of奉……之命。根据上文内容和句中“selling fruits and vegetables”可知，卖水果和蔬菜是老人为自己创造的和别人沟通的机会，由此可知，这是他获取陪伴的方法。故选B项。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：日子一天天过去，洛克特先生成了每天的访客。A. yearly每年的；B. monthly每月的；C. weekly每周的；D. daily每日的。根据下文“Every day he read books in our big chair with my children curled up on his lap.”可知，每天他都坐在我们的大椅子上看书，由此可知，他每天都会来我们家拜访。故选D项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们午睡时，他会把头靠在椅背上休息。A. rest休息；B. put放；C. plant种植；D. lower降低。根据句中“his head on the back of the chair”可知，当孩子们午睡时，他把头靠在椅背上，应该也是在休息。故选A项。
【51题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，“洛克特爷爷”这个名字进入了我们的谈话。A. Gradually逐渐地；B. Suddenly突然；C. Generally一般地；D. Quickly迅速地。根据上文“Every day he read books in our big chair with my children curled up on his lap.”可知，老人每天都来我们家，和孩子们相处的很好，由此可知，他是用他温和的行为逐渐融入到了我们的生活中。故选A项。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天早上他像往常一样到了。“洛克特先生，”我试着用一种温和的方式告诉他这个消息，“你已经成为这个家庭中值得珍视的一部分，但是……”他的眼角闪烁着泪水。A. announce宣布；B. make制造；C. break打破；D. report报道。根据上文“we had to move to Ontario”可知，我们要搬走了，由此可知，我们是要把这个消息告诉老人，而对于老人来说，这不是一个好消息，“break the news”指委婉地把坏消息告诉（某人），符合语境。故选C项。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那天早上他像往常一样到了。“洛克特先生，”我试着用一种温和的方式告诉他这个消息，“你已经成为这个家庭中值得珍视的一部分，但是……”他的眼角闪烁着泪水。A. natural自然的；B. inner内部的；C. necessary必要的；D. treasured珍贵的。根据上文“the name “Grandpa Locket” slipped into our conversations”可知，老人已经成为我们家庭的一部分，我们都很喜欢他，由此可知，他是这个家庭中值得珍视的一部分。故选D项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我保证和你保持联系……”我的喉咙发紧。A. wish希望；B. try试图；C. promise承诺，保证；D. struggle努力，斗争。根据上文内容可知，老人已经成为我们家庭珍贵的一部分，由此可知，作者会想念他，承诺一定会和他保持联系。故选C项。
【55题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：他点点头，轻轻地说：“谢谢你对一位老人的一切好意。当我需要一个家庭时，你接纳了我。”我们都含着泪水紧紧地拥抱着他。A. but但是；B. and和；C. yet但是；D. so所以。根据语境可知，“nodded”和“softly said”为并列关系，即点点头并轻轻地说，应用连词and。故选B项。
【56题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他点点头，轻轻地说：“谢谢你对一位老人的一切好意。当我需要一个家庭时，你接纳我。”我们都含着泪水紧紧地拥抱着他。A. included包括，使成为……的一部分；B. refused拒绝；C. tolerated容忍；D. received收到。根据上文可知，作者一家人把老人当作家庭珍贵的一部分，由此可知，当老人需要一个家庭时，作者接纳了他，使他成为家庭的一部分。故选A项。
【57题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他点点头，轻轻地说：“谢谢你对一位老人的一切好意。当我需要一个家庭时，你接纳我。”我们都含着泪水紧紧地拥抱着他。A. willingly愿意地；B. tightly紧紧地；C. eagerly渴望地；D. faithfully忠诚地。根据上文可知，作者一家人要搬走了，但舍不得老人，由此可知，他们是紧紧地拥抱在一起，舍不得分开。故选B项。
【58题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：大约一年后，洛克特先生女儿的一个小信封被送到了我们家。A. book书；B. bill账单；C. picture图画；D. envelope信封。根据下文关键词“she wrote”可知，她是给我们写了一封信，由此可知，我们收到了洛克特先生女儿的一个小信封。故选D项。
【59题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我非常感谢你对我父亲的关爱，”她写道，“我也知道你们对他有多重要。”A. owed欠；B. sent发送；C. meant意味着；D. showed展示。根据句中“I’m so grateful for your loving care for my father”可知，老人的女儿知道父亲与作者一家人的关系很好，由此可知，她知道作者一家人对父亲意味着什么，这一家人对父亲也很重要。故选C项。
【60题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我们也很感激从我们打开门的那一刻起，涌入了我们生活的出乎意料的爱。A. unexpected出乎意料的；B. deep深的；C. permanent永恒的；D. selfless无私的。根据文章内容可知，作者与老人的相遇是偶然的，由此可知，老人给予作者一家人的爱是出乎意料的。故选A项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Anyone who has an interest in Dunhuang will have heard of Fan Jinshi. The Chinese archaeologist ____61____ has spent more than half a century researching and preserving the caves at the heart of the ancient Silk Road in Gansu Province ____62____(know) as the “Daughter of Dunhuang” in her field, though “protector” is probably a more fitting ____63____(describe).
Fan has been studying the historical site since the early 1960s, first as an archaeology undergraduate from Peking University, then as a conservationist when she became the deputy director of the Dunhuang Research Academy in 1984, which serves to prevent the ancient site ____64____ being destroyed.
“It is over a thousand years old. It is an old person, an ____65____(extreme) weak old person. It has ____66____(variety) illnesses. If you are a little careless, it could be gone. Gone forever,” Fan says.
Today thanks to the work of great ____67____(archaeologist) such as Fan, Dunhuang is proud of the world’s largest and best-preserved collection of Buddhist relics ____68____(date) from the 13th to the 15th centuries. The main Mogao site is made up of 735 caves spread across ____69____1,700-metre-wide cliff face, containing 45,000 square metres of murals(壁画) ____70____ more than 2,000 colourful sculptures.
【答案】61. who##that
62. is known
63. description
64. from 65. extremely
66. various
67. archaeologists
68. dating 69. a
70. and
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了“敦煌的女儿”樊锦诗为保护敦煌文物作出的巨大贡献。
【61题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这位中国考古学家花了半个多世纪的时间研究和保护位于甘肃省古丝绸之路中心的石窟，在她的领域被称为“敦煌之女”，尽管“保护者”可能是更合适的描述。设空处引导定语从句，指代先行词archaeologist，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。
【62题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这位中国考古学家花了半个多世纪的时间研究和保护位于甘肃省古丝绸之路中心的石窟，在她的领域被称为“敦煌之女”，尽管“保护者”可能是更合适的描述。根据语境可知，此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时。句子的主语The Chinese archaeologist是单数，和know之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填is known。
【63题详解】
考查名词。句意：这位中国考古学家花了半个多世纪的时间研究和保护位于甘肃省古丝绸之路中心的石窟，在她的领域被称为“敦煌之女”，尽管“保护者”可能是更合适的描述。设空处被不定冠词a 修饰，应使用名词的单数形式，作表语。故填description。
【64题详解】
考查介词。句意：樊锦诗自20世纪60年代初以来一直在研究这一历史遗址，最初是作为北京大学考古专业的本科生，后来在1984年当她成为敦煌研究院副院长，她作为一名保护主义者，该研究院旨在防止这一古老遗址被破坏。prevent sth. from doing sth. 为固定搭配，意为“防止某事物发生某种情况”，设空处应填介词from。故填from。
【65题详解】
考查副词。句意：这是一个老人，一个极其虚弱的老人。设空处作状语，修饰形容词weak，应使用副词。故填extremely。
【66题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它有各种各样的疾病。设空处作定语，修饰名词illnesses，应使用形容词，故填various。
【67题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：今天，多亏了樊锦诗等著名考古学家的努力，敦煌拥有世界上最大、保存最完好的13世纪至15世纪的佛教文物。archaeologist意为“考古学家”，是可数名词，且此处表泛指，应使用复数形式。故填archaeologists。
【68题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：今天，多亏了樊锦诗等著名考古学家的努力，敦煌拥有世界上最大、保存最完好的13世纪至15世纪的佛教文物。此处为非谓语动词作定语，修饰collection of Buddhist relics，且collection of Buddhist relics与date为主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填dating。
【69题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：莫高窟主址由735个洞窟组成，分布在1700米宽的悬崖面上，包含4.5万平方米的壁画和2000多件彩色雕塑。此处1,700-metre-wide cliff face前应用不定冠词，表泛指，空后的1700为辅音音素开头，应用a。故用a。
【70题详解】
考查连词。句意：莫高窟主址由735个洞窟组成，分布在1700米宽的悬崖上，包含4.5万平方米的壁画和2000多件彩色雕塑。45,000 square metres of murals(壁画)与more than 2,000 colourful sculptures为并列关系，作动词containing的宾语，指出敦煌古迹数量之大，设空处应用连词and。故填and。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Time and tide wait for man. As the National College Entrance Examination is around the corner, I’d like to share my plan for the future with you.
At the first place, I will make the most of my time to make preparations for the NCEE, which was no doubt one of the most vital test in my lifetime. After the exam, I will take an advantage of this summer vacation to take part in the summer camp intending for people who are genuine interested in computer technology.
The reason behind my plan is because I am going to study computer science in the university. I am convincing that this century is the age of information. I am determined to make a contribution to the society with our knowledge.
【答案】1.man前添加no 2.At→In 3. was→ is 4. test→ tests 5. 将advantage前的an删掉
6.intending→ intended 7. genuine→ genuinely 8. because→ that 9. convincing→ convinced
10. our→ my
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章作者介绍了自己在高考来临之际，对自己未来的规划。
【详解】1.考查习语。句意：岁月不待人。习语Time and tide waits for no man，意为“时间不等人”。作者在讲述时间宝贵，要做好规划，所以应该是要表示“时间不等人”。故在man前添加no。
2.考查介词。句意：首先，我将充分利用我的时间来准备高考，这无疑是我一生中最重要的考试之一。固定短语in the first place意为“起初，一开始”，作时间状语。at the first place可指“在最初的地方，在第一个地方”，不符合语境。故将At改为In。
3.考查时态。句意：首先，我将充分利用我的时间来准备高考，这无疑是我一生中最重要的考试之一。根据语境可知，作者的高考还为到来，使用过去时态不对，要表示“高考是人生中重要的考试之一”，应使用一般现在时，主语为单数名词。故将was改为is。
4.考查名词复数。句意：首先，我将充分利用我的时间来准备高考，这无疑是我一生中最重要的考试之一。one of 之后加名词复数，表示“……之一”。故将test改为tests。
5.考查冠词。句意：高考后，我将利用这个暑假参加夏令营，其旨在为那些真正对计算机技术感兴趣的人。固定短语take advantage of意为“充分利用”，不需要冠词。故将advantage前的an删掉。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意：考试后，我将利用这个暑假参加夏令营，其旨在为那些真正对计算机技术感兴趣的人。短语be intended for可表示“是为...而设计/编制的”作谓语动词；而该句中，动词intend作后置定语修饰名词camp，与camp为被动关系，应使用过去分词形式。故将intending改为intended。
7.考查副词。句意：考试后，我将利用这个暑假参加夏令营，其旨在为那些真正对计算机技术感兴趣的人。本句中形容词interested为表语，应使用副词修饰形容词。故将genuine改为genuinely。
8.考查表语从句。句意：我的计划背后的原因是因为我要在大学学习计算机科学。名词reason作主语时，其表语从句应使用that作连接词。故将because改为that。
9.考查形容词。句意：我确信本世纪是信息时代。形容词convincing一般修饰物，意为“令人信服的”，此处主语为I，形容词人表示“相信，信服”应使用-ed结尾形容词convinced。故将convincing改为convinced。
10.考查代词。句意：我决心用我们的知识为社会做贡献。作者全文都在讲述自己的计划，本句I，“我”要做出贡献，应该是运用“我的”知识。故将our改为my。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
72. 近期，你所在的城市向中学生发起了“最美汉字”投票活动。请阅读下面一则新闻报道，以“The Most Beautiful Chinese Character”为题，向英文校报投稿。
内容包括：1.简要概括这则新闻；
2.简述你最想推荐的汉字及理由；
3.谈谈你对该活动的感想。
注意：1.词数100 词左右。2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
High school students recommend ren as message to the world
The Chinese character ren, a word that generally means “benevolence (仁)”, has been selected by high school students in a poll (民意调查) to highlight Chinese culture around the world. The character ren was selected by 8.33 percent of the 3,000 respondents who took part in the poll, according to one of the organisers, a student from a high school. It was followed by the characters ai, yi, meng and xiao, which mean ‘‘love”, “righteousness”, “dream’’ and “filial piety (孝)”. Those characters ranked in the “top-20 most beautiful Chinese characters”.
(China Daily, March 6, 2022. Page 4)
The Most Beautiful Chinese Character
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
The Most Beautiful Chinese Character
Recently, some high school students have conducted a poll to choose the most beautiful Chinese character. Among tens of thousands of characters, “ren, ai, yi, meng, xiao” are strongly recommended. Obviously, most students think the five characters carry typical Chinese culture in terms of traditional beliefs and core values concerning morality and ethics.
Of these characters, I put meng on the top of my list. Holding meng, which means best wishes for the future, one is not only to seek for opportunities for a better life, but also to create brand-new things for people around the world.
Personally, Chinese characters are so charming that they are treasures of human cultures. With deep love for Chinese culture, we should strive to promote them to the world.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生在阅读一则新闻报道后以“The Most Beautiful Chinese Character”为题给英文校报投稿，表达自己对“最美汉字”的看法。
内容包括：1.简要概括这则新闻；
2.简述你最想推荐的汉字及理由；
3.谈谈你对该活动的感想。
【详解】1.词汇积累
最近：recently→lately
迷人：charming→ attractive/appealing
进行，做，执行：conduct→perform/do/carry out
很显然：obviously→ evidently/apparently/clearly
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Recently, some high school students have conducted a poll to choose the most beautiful Chinese character.
拓展句：Recently, some high school students have conducted a poll to choose the most beautiful Chinese character, in which over 3,000 respondents took part.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Obviously, most students think the five characters carry typical Chinese culture in terms of traditional beliefs and core values concerning morality and ethics.（运用了省略that的非宾语从句及in terms of，core values，concerning，morality等高级词汇）
【高分句型2】Personally, Chinese characters are so charming that they are treasures of human cultures.（运用了so...that...句型）
2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
英 语 试 题 卷
(银川一中第三次模拟考试)
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：听力理解(共两节。满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A.＄19.15. B.＄9.18. C.＄9.15.
答案是C.
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At the customs. B. At the hotel. C. At the cinema.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Welcome. Passport and form, please.
W: Sure. Here you go.
M: Thank you. What’s the purpose of your visit?
W: I’m here for work. I’m on a business trip.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How much money will the man get back?
A. $6. B. $4. C. $10.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, are you ready to pay?
M: Yes, could I get these two shirts?
W: Sure. The total is six dollars.
M: OK. I’ve got ten.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How does the woman feel finally?
A. Defeated. B. Depressed. C. Encouraged.
【答案】C
【解析】
原文】M: How was your exam?
W: I really messed up, Uncle. I couldn’t answer a lot of the questions. I already know that I failed.
M: Everybody makes mistakes. Auntie and I will always support you!
W: Thank you, Uncle. I will try again.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man want?
A. Some chips. B. Ship models. C. Pig dolls.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hey mom, are you at the supermarket now?
W: Hello? Sweetie, the sound isn’t very clear.
M: Don’t forget to bring me some chips, and I don’t want a small bag. I want a big one.
W: A pig ship? What is it? A model? I can’t hear you clearly. You can text me.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What made the woman wait so long for her clothes?
A. Her not being informed in time.
B. The wrong delivery of her package.
C. The breaking-down of the company.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, Ben. I will go to the front desk to fetch my package. My new clothes finally came!
M: Did it take a long time?
W: Yeah. They made a mistake and sent it to the wrong address.
M: I want to send a package too. So I’ll go with you.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. How long will the speakers wait for?
A. 45 minutes. B. 55 minutes. C. 60 minutes.
7. What will the speakers do next?
A. Wait in line. B. Do some shopping. C. Find another restaurant.
【答案】6. A 7. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Wow, look! So many people are waiting in line. This place is always packed on Fridays.
W: I don’t want to stand here for an hour. Let’s go somewhere else.
M: It’s Friday night. Everywhere has a line. Let’s just eat here. We can use a waitlist app.
W: A waitlist app? How does that work?
M: You just choose the restaurant, and the app will put you on the waitlist and give you a number.
W: That’s easy. Does it say how many groups are ahead of us?
M: Yeah, 10 groups. So, it’s a 45-minute wait for our table, but we don’t have to stick around here.
W: Great. What are we waiting for? Let’s do some shopping to kill time.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Who is the cake made for?
A. The man. B. The woman. C. The man’s daughter.
9. What will they do first according to the recipe?
A. Heat the oven. B. Mix the flour. C. Brush the pan.
10. What will the man finally do?
A. Cut out a piece of cake.
B. Put some fruit on the cake.
C. Write a message on the cake.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hey Jen, thank you for helping me bake a cake for my daughter.
W: No problem. It’s so sweet of you to make her a cake.
M: Yeah, but I’ve never made a cake before. So, hopefully, it’ll be OK!
W: I’m sure it will. What’s first on the recipe?
M: Well, it says to heat the oven first to 180 degrees.
W: I’ll do that while you start mixing the flour.
M: OK, I also need eggs, butter, and 2 cups of sugar? Is that too much?
W: Nope! 2 cups is perfect. Now we just put the mixture in the pan and bake it for 30 minutes.
M: That’s it? Well, that was a piece of cake!
W: Do you want to write a special message on it?
M: Yes. It’s “Happy every day!”
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. Why was Mike’s brother crying?
A. Mike didn’t play with his brother.
B. Mike didn’t give his brother’s things back.
C. Mike didn’t let his brother play with his toys.
12. What does the woman think of Mike’s behavior?
A. Unusual. B. Unselfish. C. Unfriendly.
13. What does the woman advise Mike to do?
A. To be more careful.
B. To share things.
C. To make an apology.
14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Father and daughter.
B. Brother and sister.
C. Mother and son.
【答案】11. C 12. C 13. B 14. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Mike, do you know why your brother is crying?
M: I don’t know. Maybe because I wouldn’t let him play with my toys.
W: That’s not very kind. What do we say in our family?
M: Sharing is caring.
W: That’s right. Sharing is caring. That means you two need to take turns with your toys.
M: But he always plays them alone! He never gives them back.
W: You’re his big brother. You need to set an example for him.
M: But sometimes he even breaks them!
W: I’ll ask him to be more careful. And you can ask him nicely to give them back next time.
M: But...
W: No buts, Mister! If you don’t listen to my words, I’ll tell your father.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
15. What do we know about this manned flight mission?
A. It has the longest staying time.
B. It is the hardest to operate.
C. It travels at the fastest speed.
16. What do Taikonauts do to pass the time?
A. Play instruments. B. Play tennis. C. Play cards.
17. What does the woman’s final words mean?
A. Women are as excellent as men.
B. Women undertake more than men do.
C. Women are less suitable in this mission.
【答案】15. A 16. A 17. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Hey, are you watching a video of the Chinese space station? Shenzhou-12, right?
M: Close. Shenzhou-13.
W: It’s hard to keep up with China speed! So how long are they in orbit this time?
M: Six months, the longest stay of any single manned fight mission in China’s history.
W: So do you watch them conduct experiments or spacewalks or what?
M: Pretty much. They even give lessons in the space station!
W: I wonder what the Taikonauts do to pass the time up there?
M: They go for jogs, play musical instruments, and even play ping-pong.
W: Zero-gravity ping-pong! I gotta try that! Who’s that lady floating by?
M: That’s Wang Yaping. She’s become somewhat of a celebrity down here on earth.
W: Well, women hold up half the sky, so it’s only fitting that they should work in it too.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. Which pet may an outgoing person prefer?
A. A cat. B. A dog. C. A bird.
19. What may a cat owner be like?
A. Sociable. B. Clever. C. Careful.
20. What does the speech mainly talk about?
A. More outgoing dog people.
B. Less sociable cat people.
C. Pet people’s personalities.
【答案】18 B 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Are you a dog person or a cat person? What psychological factors make a person choose one type of pet over the other?
An outgoing person prefers dogs. This should really come as no surprise. Owning a dog is a social experience, because you always have to walk them and interact with other dog owners. If you really like talking to other people, a dog might be for you. Cats on the other hand tend to stay at home, which means that taking care of a cat requires much less social interaction.
Cat people are smarter. While studies show that dog lovers are more outgoing and lively, cat lovers score higher on intelligence tests, and are said to be more open-minded. They are also more curious about the world, even though they might not leave the house to see it as much!
Do you love a dog or a cat? Are you a different kind of pet person like a turtle person or a bird person? Does your personality match with some features we talked about earlier? I hope my speech will be helpful to you. Thank you for listening!
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
If you have no difficulty in understanding what native English speakers say in daily life, there is a whole new world of brilliant podcast (播客) series to explore. If you aren’t sure where to start, have a look at these:
The Joc Rogan Experience ★★★★★
The Joc Rogan Experience is a great learning device because of its interesting English conversations between Rogan and his guests. At the time of writing there have been over 1,660 episodes with subjects ranging from comedy and science to politics and sports. Rogan is also a famous stand-up comedian, so the show is full of cultural references and idioms.
This American Life ★★★★★
This American Life is a great choice for English learners who want an insight into the culture of the USA. It is a mixture of journalism and storytelling, focusing on real-life tales from citizens of all regions of the country. The stories are new and varied. One episode was taped for 24 hours in an all-night restaurant; another interviewed workers on strike.
The Writer's Voice ★★★★☆
The New Yorker is a famous American magazine, and every week it prints a new short story. In this podcast, the week's story is read aloud by its writer. The published work covers a wide range of life experiences across the United States and beyond. It's a great way to enjoy some of the best new fiction in the country.
Overheard at National Geographic ★★★★★
National Geographic is a much-loved American magazine (and TV channel) famous for incredible stories and photography related to science and the environment. Overheard is about the discussions Nat Geo employees have had while taking breaks. Expect crazy stories from explorers, photographers, and scientists from around the world.
21. In order to fully enjoy these podcasts, you should________.
A. have interaction with hosts
B have good English competence
C. be interested in being a podcaster
D. be familiar with American social life
22. Which podcast gives you more stories behind the scene?
A. The Writer's Voice.
B. This American Life.
C. The Joe Rogan Experience.
D. Overheard at National Geographic.
23. What do these podcasts have in common?
A. They enjoy great popularity.
B. Their stories are set in America.
C. They are attached to magazines.
D. Their works are updated weekly.
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要向在日常生活中理解以英语为母语的人说的话没有困难的人介绍了全新的精彩播客系列。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句“If you have no difficulty in understanding what native English speakers say in daily life, there is a whole new world of brilliant podcast series to explore.(如果你在日常生活中理解以英语为母语的人说的话没有困难，还有一个全新的精彩播客系列等着你去探索)”可知，如果想要完全享受这些播客，首先你要有好的英语能力。故选B项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段倒数第二句“Overheard is about the discussions Nat Geo employees have had while taking breaks.(偶然听到的是国家地理员工在休息时的讨论)”可知，Overheard at National Geographic可以让你听到更多的幕后故事。故选D项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一个小标题下第二句“At the time of writing there have been over 1,660 episodes with subjects ranging from comedy and science to politics and sports.(到我写这篇文章的时候，已经有1660多集了，主题从喜剧、科学到政治和体育)”和其余三个小标题的第一句“This American Life is a great choice for English learners who want an insight into the culture of the USA.(《美国生活》对于想要深入了解美国文化的英语学习者来说是一个很好的选择)”“The New Yorker is a famous American magazine, and every week it prints a new short story.(《纽约客》是美国著名的杂志，它每周出版一篇新的短篇小说)”“National Geographic is a much-loved American magazine (and TV channel) famous for incredible stories and photography related to science and the environment.(《国家地理》是一本深受喜爱的美国杂志(和电视频道)，以与科学和环境有关的令人难以置信的故事和照片而闻名)”可知，这几个播客的共同点是它们都很受欢迎。故选A项。
B
Don’t call Madison Stewart an environmentalist. She sees herself simply as an individual taking action in defense of something she loves that’s in need of protection.
Despite her youth, the 24-year-old is an undersea veteran (老手). She grew up sailing around the Great Barrier Reef on her parents’ boat and spent her early life free diving while patiently waiting for the day when she could get her scuba diving (水肺潜水) certification, aged 12. Already impressed by sharks, Madison was now pleased to be able to observe them in their own world. “I got to know the sharks...I could recognize them by sight,” Madison says. “Other people had dogs around them growing up. I had sharks.”
But within a couple of years, she saw a great reduction in shark numbers on the reef. “One day I went in the water and couldn’t find my sharks anywhere, sharks I’d spent my childhood with,” she says. “They’d been caught and killed.” It was a great moment for Madison.
She left school at 14 to be homeschooled so she could spend more time in the ocean. She taught herself to shoot underwater video to document sharks in their own world and share her sense of wonder with others. She launched a YouTube channel and built a huge following for her documentaries where she focuses on issues like inadequate protection for some shark species and the global shark fin (鳍) industry.
In 2014 Madison was the subject of the encouraging documentary Shark Girl, which introduced her to a global audience. In 2017 she appeared as an “Ocean Guardian” in the documentary Blue that explored a lot of threats to the world’s marine environments, including the damaging effect of the global shark fishery. The film encourages viewers to get involved and includes practical steps to guide them to do so. It shows Madison’s philosophy that the power of the individual to make a difference by their own direct action should never be underestimated.
24. What did Madison do before getting her scuba diving certification?
A. She went sailing often. B. She went boating alone.
C. She practised free diving. D. She protected the Great Barrier Reef.
25. Why did Madison shoot underwater video to document sharks?
A. To record sharks’ world of wonder. B. To popularize her photography works.
C. To raise awareness of shark conservation. D. To spare more time to accompany sharks.
26. Which of the following may agree with Madison’s philosophy?
A. Many hands make light work. B. Action speaks louder than words.
C. Together we can make a difference. D. Personal influence can’t be ignored.
27. What’s the purpose of writing this passage?
A. To introduce an influential conservationist.
B. To advertise some encouraging documentaries.
C. To inspire people to protect whatever they love.
D. To inform people how to preserve marine wildlife.
【答案】24. C 25. C 26. D 27. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了海洋守护者麦迪逊为了保护鲨鱼所做的努力，她参与拍摄的纪录片也鼓励人们参与鲨鱼保护的行动中来。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“She grew up sailing around the Great Barrier Reef on her parents’ boat and spent her early life free diving while patiently waiting for the day when she could get her scuba diving (水肺潜水) certification, aged 12.(12岁时，她乘父母的船绕着大堡礁航行，早年自由潜水，耐心地等待着获得水肺潜水证书的那一天)”可知，麦迪逊在获得水肺潜水证书之前练习自由潜水。故选C。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“She taught herself to shoot underwater video to document sharks in their own world and share her sense of wonder with others. She launched a YouTube channel and built a huge following for her documentaries where she focuses on issues like inadequate protection for some shark species and the global shark fin (鳍) industry.(她自学拍摄水下视频，记录鲨鱼在它们自己的世界里，并与他人分享她的惊奇感。她开设了一个YouTube频道，并为她的纪录片建立了大量的追随者，她关注的问题包括对某些鲨鱼物种的保护不足以及全球鱼翅产业)”可推知，她拍摄鲨鱼水下生活的视频是为了提升人们保护鲨鱼的意识。故选C。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“It shows Madison’s philosophy that the power of the individual to make a difference by their own direct action should never be underestimated.(它显示了麦迪逊的哲学，即个人通过自己的直接行动产生影响的力量永远不应该被低估)”可知，麦迪逊的哲学是个人改变世界的力量不应该被低估。故选D。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Don’t call Madison Stewart an environmentalist. She sees herself simply as an individual taking action in defense of something she loves that’s in need of protection.(不要称麦迪逊·斯图尔特为环保主义者。她只把自己看作是一个采取行动来保护她所爱的、需要保护的东西的个体)”结合本文主要介绍了海洋守护者麦迪逊为了保护鲨鱼所做的努力，她参与拍摄的纪录片也鼓励人们参与鲨鱼保护的行动中来。由此推知，写这篇文章的目的是介绍一位有影响力的环保主义者。故选A。
C
For thousands of years, Chinese writers have travelled all over the country to take down notes about the geographical conditions of each city. Among them, well-known Chinese geographer and writer Li Daoyuan, in the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534), composed his book, Commentary on the Water Classics, after studying the original literary version, Water Classics. He later expanded the river records to 1, 252 from the original 137.
The book is now being studied again by Professor Li Xiaojie and his team from Fudan University. They have been using drawing software and 3D modelling to recreate the waterway situations on a map based on the book description. So far, they have completed research on four rivers.
“Ancient people knew really well how to apply the power of nature to technical considerations,”Li said, giving the example of Qianjin’e, one of the most famous ancient water conservation projects in Luoyang, Henan. In order to lead the river into the city for irrigation (灌溉) in ancient Luoyang, the officials built a canal branch by separating a northwest-southeast river. However, the canal water wasn't enough to support the citizens in dry seasons. To solve that, on the northern side of the canal branch, the officials built a reservoir (水库) and a channel to lead the water to the canal branch, where the waterways would converge and flow together to the city.
In Commentary on the Water Classics, a total of 2, 800 cities are recorded with details. Still, the process of recreation takes much effort. After doing a lot of text analysis and fieldwork, the team has gradually created the model with 3D modelling software based on repeated deductions (推论).
For Professor Li, the book is not only a record of the natural landscape over 1, 000 years ago, but also a detailed description of humanity and culture and a treasure for today’s reference.
28. What can we learn about the book Commentary on the Water Classics?
A. It has been out of date. B. It explains 3D modelling.
C. It keeps records of 137 rivers. D. It is based on previous studies.
29. What does the underlined word “converge” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Join. B. Pass. C. Cross. D. Begin.
30. What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about model recreation?
A. Its major problems. B. Its detailed analysis.
C. Its complex process. D. Its successful application.
31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. 3D Technology Fuels Modern Research
B. Ancient Classics Inspire Modern Research
C. An Effective Approach to Model Recreation
D. A Famous Writer of Chinese Ancient Classics
【答案】28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了复旦大学李晓杰教授及其团队根据古代著作《水经注》的描述，使用绘图软件和3D建模重现了水道情况。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Among them, well-known Chinese geographer and writer Li Daoyuan, in the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534), composed his book, Commentary on the Water Classics, after studying the original literary version, Water Classics.(其中，中国著名地理学家、作家郦道元在北魏（386-534）对《水经》原著进行研究后，撰写了《水经注》一书)”可知，《水经注》是基于对之前《水经》一书的研究。故选D项。
【29题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词前“To solve that, on the northern side of the canal branch, the officials built a reservoir (水库) and a channel to lead the water to the canal branch(为了解决这个问题，官员们在运河支流的北侧建了一个水库和一个渠道，把水引到运河支流)”及划线词后“flow together to the city(一起流向城市)”可知，此处指水在支流汇合然后一起流入城市，converge意为“汇合”。故选A项。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“Still, the process of recreation takes much effort. After doing a lot of text analysis and fieldwork, the team has gradually created the model with 3D modelling software based on repeated deductions(推论).(然而，娱乐的过程需要很多努力。经过大量的文本分析和实地调查，团队在反复推演的基础上，用3D建模软件逐步建立模型)”可知，本段主要讲述重建模型的复杂过程。故选C项。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段中“They have been using drawing software and 3D modelling to recreate the waterway situations on a map based on the book description.(他们一直在使用绘图软件和3D建模，在地图上根据书中的描述重现水道情况)”可知，文章主要讲述复旦大学李晓杰教授及其团队根据《水经注》的描述，使用绘图软件和3D建模重现了水道情况。故B项“古代经典启发现代研究”适合作为文章标题。故选B项。
D
Is the end of homework near? As new powerful artificial intelligence tools like ChatGPT take the Internet by storm, teachers concerned with AI-driven cheating are questioning their teaching and assessment methods.
ChatGPT, the most powerful AI language model ever developed by the company OpenAI, remembers the thread of your dialogue, using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses. Deriving its answers from huge volumes of information on the Internet, it is fine-tuned using both supervised and reinforcement learning. It is capable of generating natural-sounding text on demand in just a few seconds. The quality of the copy it produces is sufficient to impress teachers in secondary and higher education, and even researchers. A few days after its launch, more than 1 million people were trying out ChatGPT. UBS analyst Lloyd Walmsley estimated in February 2023 that ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users in January, accomplishing in 2 months what took TikTok about 9 months and Instagram two and a half years.
The use of AI tools in copywriting has sparked an outcry around the world. In the United States, public schools in New York and Seattle have decided to block ChatGPT from their devices and WiFi networks. In France, the prestigious Sciences Po university in Paris has also just announced a strict ban on its use. But experts question whether bans like these are really effective. On one hand, students will always be able to access tools like ChatGPT through other means than school devices. On the other hand, some question the relevance of blocking access to a digital tool whose use is likely to grow in the professional world in the coming years.
Amelie Cordier, a lecturer in artificial intelligence at Lyon University, notes that students haven’t waited for ChatGPT to try to escape the chore of homework—whether by photocopying the library encyclopedia, copy-pasting content from Wikipedia or enlisting their parents’ help. “What is ultimately very important in the learning process is not so much the subject on which you learn, it’s the methodology that you learn to develop around that subject,” Cordier said.
32. Why does the author raise a question in paragraph 1?
A. To imply a future trend.
B. To arouse the readers’ interest.
C. To introduce background knowledge.
D. To reveal the negative effects of artificial intelligence.
33. For what purpose does the author list figures in paragraph 2?
A. To show the popularity of ChatGPT.
B. To stress the high cost of inventing ChatGPT.
C. To present the creativity of artificial intelligence.
D. To prove the necessity of developing tools for chatting online.
34. Which of the following is probably the reason for the experts’ question?
A. Students can always employ AI tools in other ways.
B. Teachers and researchers are impressed by ChatGPT.
C. The bans have been announced only in the US and France.
D. AI tools have already been widely applied in professional fields.
35. What plays a critical role in learning according to Cordier?
A. Parents’ help. B. The library encyclopedia.
C. The system of methods. D. The content from Wikipedia.
【答案】32. B 33. A 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述学生正在用 ChatGPT 做作业，学校应该禁止使用这一类人工智能工具，还是应该接受它们。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Is the end of homework near? As new powerful artificial intelligence tools like ChatGPT take the Internet by storm, teachers concerned with AI-driven cheating are questioning their teaching and assessment methods. (作业快结束了吗? 随着 ChatGPT 等强大的新型人工智能工具在互联网上风靡，担心人工智能作弊的教师们开始质疑自己的教学和评估方法)”可知，作者提出这一问题旨在引起读者的阅读兴趣，让大家关注学生使用ChatGPT做作业的问题。故选B项。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“A few days after its launch, more than 1 million people were trying out ChatGPT. UBS analyst Lloyd Walmsley estimated in February 2023 that ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users in January, accomplishing in 2 months what took TikTok about 9 months and Instagram two and a half years. (上线几天后，超过100万人试用了ChatGPT。瑞银(UBS)分析师劳埃德·沃姆斯利(Lloyd Walmsley)在2023年2月估计，ChatGPT在1月份的月用户数达到1亿，用了2个月就完成了TikTok花了9个月、Instagram花了两年半的时间的成果)”可知，本段列举数字是为了证明该产品ChatGPT的受欢迎程度。故选A项。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“But experts question whether bans like these are really effective. On one hand, students will always be able to access tools like ChatGPT through other means than school devices. On the other hand, some question the relevance of blocking access to a digital tool whose use is likely to grow in the professional world in the coming years.(但专家质疑这样的禁令是否真的有效。一方面，学生将永远能够通过学校设备以外的其他方式访问ChatGPT等工具。另一方面，一些人质疑禁止使用数字工具的相关性，因为未来几年，数字工具在专业领域的使用可能会增加)”可知，对于某些学校屏蔽ChatGPT的做法，一些专家表示质疑，其中一个原因就是，学生会通过校园网之外别的方法使用ChatGPT。故选A项。
【35题详解】
细节理解题，根据第四段Cordier “What is ultimately very important in the learning process is not so much the subject on which you learn, it’s the methodology that you learn to develop around that subject (在学习过程中，最重要的不是你学习的科目，而是你围绕该科目学习的方法)”可知，Cordier认为，在学习过程中，最终非常重要的不是学习的科目，而是围绕该科目学习的系统的方法。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
False Memories or Parallel (平行的) Realities?
Here is a common situation: You’re talking with someone about an event, only to discover that you both remember things quite differently. Usually, you’d put it down to a poor memory, but what if it wasn’t just one person who remembered things differently? What if it was millions?
In fact, this isn’t a “what if” situation. It’s known as the Mandela Effect, and it was first noticed in 2009 by paranormal researcher Fiona Broome. Broome was chatting with people about the South African activist Nelson Mandela, and she commented how sad it was that he had died in prison in the 1980s. ___36___ Actually, he'd been released in 1990, become president of South Africa, and died in 2013.
Broome was so shocked at this that she started an investigation. ___37___ People have memories of movies that never existed, and famous words that were never spoken. There is even a group who clearly recall seeing maps showing that New Zealand was northeast of Australia (it’s southeast ). So what in the world is going on?
___38___ In each reality, history is shaped by different events, and the Mandela Effect occurs when some of us shift from one reality to another. Therefore, those who remember Nelson Mandela dying in the 1980s aren’t wrong. They’re just remembering events from their original reality.
More likely, however, is that the Mandela Effect has to do with how our brains store information. ___39___ Many people remember Pikachu’s tail having a black tip on the end of it, when in fact it was always yellow. “Aha!” you cry. “Parallel realities!” Probably not. Consider instead that people often ignore unfamiliar details and transform information to make it more understandable. In the Pikachu example, his tail may not have a black tip, but his ears certainly do. Thus, both his ears and tail are misremembered as having black tips. ___40___
All things considered, if you’re stuck arguing with someone about whose version of events is correct, it may indeed be easier to agree that neither of you is wrong. You just come from different realities.
A. Before we explain let’s look at an example.
B. It turns out she wasn’t the only one who’d experienced this.
C. If several people make these memory errors, the false memory gets stronger socially.
D. The story of Nelson Mandela is not the only example of this type of false group memory.
E. Some claim the Mandela Effect happens because we live in one of many parallel realities.
F. Many in her group agreed, while others mentioned that Nelson Mandela had not died in prison.
G. As more incidents of the Mandela effect continue to occur, perhaps more research into the origins will tell us the causes.
【答案】36. F 37. D 38. E 39. A 40. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了曼德拉效应的发现以及相关研究和其产生的原因。
【36题详解】
上文“Broome was chatting with people about the South African activist Nelson Mandela, and she commented how sad it was that he had died in prison in the 1980s（布鲁姆和人们聊起了南非社会活动家纳尔逊·曼德拉，她说曼德拉在20世纪80年代死于狱中是多么令人悲伤。）”说明在布鲁姆记忆中曼德拉80年代死于狱中，下文“Actually, he'd been released in 1990, become president of South Africa, and died in 2013.（实际上，他在1990年被释放，成为南非总统，并于2013年去世。）”说明事实上曼德拉并不像布鲁姆记忆中的那样死于狱中，F项“Many in her group agreed, while others mentioned that Nelson Mandela had not died in prison.（她所在小组的很多人都同意这一观点，而其他人则提到，纳尔逊·曼德拉并没有死在监狱里。）”说明对曼德拉死亡时间这件事情的两种不同的观点，承上启下，符合语境。故选F项。
【37题详解】
下文“People have memories of movies that never existed, and famous words that were never spoken. There is even a group who clearly recall seeing maps showing that New Zealand was northeast of Australia (it’s southeast ).（人们对从未存在过的电影有记忆，对从未说过的名言有记忆。甚至有一群人清楚地记得看到地图显示新西兰在澳大利亚的东北部(它在东南)。）”介绍了一些其他的有关错误记忆的例子，D项“The story of Nelson Mandela is not the only example of this type of false group memory.（纳尔逊·曼德拉的故事并不是这种错误群体记忆的唯一例子。）”引出下文，说明有关错误记忆的例子，符合语境，故选D项。
【38题详解】
上一段段末“So what in the world is going on?（那么到底发生了什么？）”以提问的方式引出下文对曼德拉效应产生原因的解释，下文“In each reality, history is shaped by different events, and the Mandela Effect occurs when some of us shift from one reality to another.（在每个现实中，历史是由不同的事件塑造的，当我们中的一些人从一个现实转向另一个现实时，曼德拉效应就发生了。）”说明曼德勒效应产生可能是由于不同的现实，E项“Some claim the Mandela Effect happens because we live in one of many parallel realities.（一些人声称，曼德拉效应的出现是因为我们生活在许多平行的现实中。）”作为段首，承上启下，引出“多个平行现实”这一概念，说明有些人认为的曼德拉效应产生的原因，和下文中“从一个现实转向另一个现实”相衔接，符合语境。故选E项。
【39题详解】
上文“More likely, however, is that the Mandela Effect has to do with how our brains store information.（然而，更有可能的是，曼德拉效应与我们大脑储存信息的方式有关。）”提出了另一种曼德拉效应产生的原因，下文“Many people remember Pikachu’s tail having a black tip on the end of it, when in fact it was always yellow…Probably not…In the Pikachu example, his tail may not have a black tip, but his ears certainly do. Thus, both his ears and tail are misremembered as having black tips.（许多人都记得皮卡丘的尾巴末端有一个黑色的尖，但实际上它总是黄色的……或许不是……在皮卡丘的例子中，它的尾巴可能没有黑色的尖，但它的耳朵肯定有。因此，人们误以为它的耳朵和尾巴都是黑色的。）”以皮卡丘的例子说明曼德拉效应产生的另一个原因可能是人们信息存储的问题，A项“Before we explain let’s look at an example.（在解释之前，让我们看一个例子。）”承上启下，引出下文的例子。故选A项。
【40题详解】
上文“Many people remember Pikachu’s tail having a black tip on the end of it, when in fact it was always yellow…Thus, both his ears and tail are misremembered as having black tips.（许多人都记得皮卡丘的尾巴末端有一个黑色的尖，但实际上它总是黄色的……因此，人们误以为它的耳朵和尾巴都是黑色的。）”说明人们对皮卡丘形象的错误记忆是由于人们对信息的错误处理，C项“If several people make these memory errors, the false memory gets stronger socially.（如果一些人犯了这些记忆错误，错误的记忆就会在社会上变得更强。）”说明为什么很多人会有一个群体的错误记忆，承接上文，符合语境。故选C项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The insistent knock on the door brought me quickly from my kitchen. With my children down for a nap, I ____41____ to answer before they were all awakened. We had just moved here and I couldn’t ____42____ who it would be. I opened the door and a crack revealed an old man dressed in dirty clothing.
“Can I help you?” I asked, hoping he had the wrong ____43____.
“Would you like to buy some fresh garden vegetables?” His voice was trembling but his eyes were ____44____. I wondered if he badly needed the bit of money he was asking for his ____45____. “I’m Mr. Locket living around the corner. My wife ____46____ and my children live far away,” he ____47____. Later we knew that the need for companionship had sent him door to door ____48____ selling fruits and vegetables and ours was the only door opened to him.
As days went on, Mr. Locket became a ____49____ visitor. Every day he read books in our big chair with my children curled up on his lap. When they took an afternoon nap, he would _____50_____ his head on the back of the chair. In his quiet and gentle way, he endeared himself to each child. _____51_____ the name “Grandpa Locket” slipped into our conversations.
Three years later, we had to move to Ontario. He arrived as usual that morning. “Mr. Locket,” I tried to _____52_____ the news in a gentle way, “You’ve become a (n) _____53_____ part of this family, but ...” Tears glistened in the corners of his eyes.
“I _____54_____ to keep in touch with you and ...” My throat tightened. He nodded _____55_____ softly said, “Thank you for all your kindness to an old man. When I needed a family, you _____56_____ me.” With tears, we all hugged him _____57_____.
About a year later, a small _____58_____ from Mr. Locket’s daughter was delivered to our home. She informed us that our dear old friend had died. “I’m so grateful for your loving care for my father,” she wrote, “I can see how much you _____59_____ to him, too.” Actually, we’re also grateful for the _____60_____ love that swept into our lives the moment we opened that door.
41. A. hesitated B. hurried C. hated D. happened
42. A. imagine B. recognize C. believe D. acknowledge
43. A. number B. road C. direction D. address
44. A. shining B. understanding C. hopeful D. desperate
45. A. produce B. food C. clothes D. fruits
46. A. went away B. broke away C. passed away D. ran away
47. A. complained B. added C. screamed D. roared
48. A. in place of B. by means of C. in need of D. by order of
49. A. yearly B. monthly C. weekly D. daily
50. A. rest B. put C. plant D. lower
51. A. Gradually B. Suddenly C. Generally D. Quickly
52. A. announce B. make C. break D. report
53. A. natural B. inner C. necessary D. treasured
54. A. wish B. try C. promise D. struggle
55. A. but B. and C. yet D. so
56. A. included B. refused C. tolerated D. received
57. A. willingly B. tightly C. eagerly D. faithfully
58. A. book B. bill C. picture D. envelope
59. A. owed B. sent C. meant D. showed
60. A. unexpected B. deep C. permanent D. selfless
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. A 46. C 47. B 48. B 49. D 50. A 51. A 52. C 53. D 54. C 55. B 56. A 57. B 58. D 59. C 60. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者给予一位孤单的老人关爱，在相处的过程中，把老人当作家庭的一部分的故事，在老人去世后，作者收到老人女儿的信，表达了对作者一家人的感激之情。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的孩子们正在小睡，在他们被吵醒之前，我急忙去开门。A. hesitated犹豫；B. hurried急忙；C. hated憎恨；D. happened发生。根据句中“With my children down for a nap”可知，作者的孩子在睡觉，由此可知，作者怕孩子们被敲门声吵醒，所以应该是急忙去开门。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们刚搬到这里，我无法想象会是谁。A. imagine想象；B. recognize认出；C. believe相信；D. acknowledge承认。根据句中“We had just moved here”可知，作者一家人刚搬到这里，还不认识什么人，由此可知，作者想象不出敲门的人是谁。故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“有什么需要帮忙的吗？”我问，希望他弄错地址了。A. number号码；B. road路；C. direction方向；D. address地址。根据上文“I opened the door and a crack revealed an old man dressed in dirty clothing.”可知，敲门的是一个穿着脏衣服的老人，作者并不认识，由此可知，作者是希望对方敲她的门是因为弄错了地址。故选D项。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“你想买些新鲜的蔬菜吗？”他的声音颤抖着，但眼睛充满了希望。A. shining光亮的；B. understanding善解人意的；C. hopeful抱有希望的；D. desperate绝望的。根据后文“Later we knew that the need for companionship had sent him door to door _____ selling fruits and vegetables”可知，老人是需要陪伴才挨家挨户地卖水果和蔬菜，由此可知，老人的眼睛里是充满希望的，希望作者能买他的蔬菜，不要把他拒之门外。故选C项。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想知道他卖他的产品是否是因为急需一点钱。A. produce产品；B. food食物；C. clothes衣服；D. fruits水果。根据上文“Would you like to buy some fresh garden vegetables?”可知，老人卖的是蔬菜，蔬菜属于农产品的一种。故选A项。
【46题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：“我是住在街角的洛克特先生。我妻子去世了，我的孩子住得很远，”他补充说。A. went away离开；B. broke away逃脱；C. passed away去世；D. ran away逃跑。根据后文“Later we knew that the need for companionship had sent him door to door _____ selling fruits and vegetables”可知，老人卖东西是因为需要陪伴，他很孤独，由此可知，他的妻子去世了并且孩子住的很远，所以才会感到孤独。故选C项。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我是住在街角的洛克特先生。我妻子去世了，我的孩子住得很远，”他补充说。A. complained抱怨；B. added补充说；C. screamed尖叫；D. roared咆哮。根据上文“I’m Mr. Locket living around the corner.”可知，老人是在介绍自己，并且上文老人已经和作者说过话了，由此可知，他是补充说。故选B项。
【48题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：后来我们知道，由于需要陪伴，他只能用挨家挨户卖水果和蔬菜的方式，我们是唯一给他开门的人。A. in place of代替；B. by means of用，凭借；C. in need of需要；D. by order of奉……之命。根据上文内容和句中“selling fruits and vegetables”可知，卖水果和蔬菜是老人为自己创造的和别人沟通的机会，由此可知，这是他获取陪伴的方法。故选B项。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：日子一天天过去，洛克特先生成了每天的访客。A. yearly每年的；B. monthly每月的；C. weekly每周的；D. daily每日的。根据下文“Every day he read books in our big chair with my children curled up on his lap.”可知，每天他都坐在我们的大椅子上看书，由此可知，他每天都会来我们家拜访。故选D项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们午睡时，他会把头靠在椅背上休息。A. rest休息；B. put放；C. plant种植；D. lower降低。根据句中“his head on the back of the chair”可知，当孩子们午睡时，他把头靠在椅背上，应该也是在休息。故选A项。
【51题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，“洛克特爷爷”这个名字进入了我们的谈话。A. Gradually逐渐地；B. Suddenly突然；C. Generally一般地；D. Quickly迅速地。根据上文“Every day he read books in our big chair with my children curled up on his lap.”可知，老人每天都来我们家，和孩子们相处的很好，由此可知，他是用他温和的行为逐渐融入到了我们的生活中。故选A项。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天早上他像往常一样到了。“洛克特先生，”我试着用一种温和的方式告诉他这个消息，“你已经成为这个家庭中值得珍视的一部分，但是……”他的眼角闪烁着泪水。A. announce宣布；B. make制造；C. break打破；D. report报道。根据上文“we had to move to Ontario”可知，我们要搬走了，由此可知，我们是要把这个消息告诉老人，而对于老人来说，这不是一个好消息，“break the news”指委婉地把坏消息告诉（某人），符合语境。故选C项。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那天早上他像往常一样到了。“洛克特先生，”我试着用一种温和的方式告诉他这个消息，“你已经成为这个家庭中值得珍视的一部分，但是……”他的眼角闪烁着泪水。A. natural自然的；B. inner内部的；C. necessary必要的；D. treasured珍贵的。根据上文“the name “Grandpa Locket” slipped into our conversations”可知，老人已经成为我们家庭的一部分，我们都很喜欢他，由此可知，他是这个家庭中值得珍视的一部分。故选D项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我保证和你保持联系……”我的喉咙发紧。A. wish希望；B. try试图；C. promise承诺，保证；D. struggle努力，斗争。根据上文内容可知，老人已经成为我们家庭珍贵的一部分，由此可知，作者会想念他，承诺一定会和他保持联系。故选C项。
【55题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：他点点头，轻轻地说：“谢谢你对一位老人的一切好意。当我需要一个家庭时，你接纳了我。”我们都含着泪水紧紧地拥抱着他。A. but但是；B. and和；C. yet但是；D. so所以。根据语境可知，“nodded”和“softly said”为并列关系，即点点头并轻轻地说，应用连词and。故选B项。
【56题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他点点头，轻轻地说：“谢谢你对一位老人的一切好意。当我需要一个家庭时，你接纳我。”我们都含着泪水紧紧地拥抱着他。A. included包括，使成为……的一部分；B. refused拒绝；C. tolerated容忍；D. received收到。根据上文可知，作者一家人把老人当作家庭珍贵的一部分，由此可知，当老人需要一个家庭时，作者接纳了他，使他成为家庭的一部分。故选A项。
【57题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他点点头，轻轻地说：“谢谢你对一位老人的一切好意。当我需要一个家庭时，你接纳我。”我们都含着泪水紧紧地拥抱着他。A. willingly愿意地；B. tightly紧紧地；C. eagerly渴望地；D. faithfully忠诚地。根据上文可知，作者一家人要搬走了，但舍不得老人，由此可知，他们是紧紧地拥抱在一起，舍不得分开。故选B项。
【58题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：大约一年后，洛克特先生女儿的一个小信封被送到了我们家。A. book书；B. bill账单；C. picture图画；D. envelope信封。根据下文关键词“she wrote”可知，她是给我们写了一封信，由此可知，我们收到了洛克特先生女儿的一个小信封。故选D项。
【59题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我非常感谢你对我父亲的关爱，”她写道，“我也知道你们对他有多重要。”A. owed欠；B. sent发送；C. meant意味着；D. showed展示。根据句中“I’m so grateful for your loving care for my father”可知，老人的女儿知道父亲与作者一家人的关系很好，由此可知，她知道作者一家人对父亲意味着什么，这一家人对父亲也很重要。故选C项。
【60题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我们也很感激从我们打开门的那一刻起，涌入了我们生活的出乎意料的爱。A. unexpected出乎意料的；B. deep深的；C. permanent永恒的；D. selfless无私的。根据文章内容可知，作者与老人的相遇是偶然的，由此可知，老人给予作者一家人的爱是出乎意料的。故选A项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Anyone who has an interest in Dunhuang will have heard of Fan Jinshi. The Chinese archaeologist ____61____ has spent more than half a century researching and preserving the caves at the heart of the ancient Silk Road in Gansu Province ____62____(know) as the “Daughter of Dunhuang” in her field, though “protector” is probably a more fitting ____63____(describe).
Fan has been studying the historical site since the early 1960s, first as an archaeology undergraduate from Peking University, then as a conservationist when she became the deputy director of the Dunhuang Research Academy in 1984, which serves to prevent the ancient site ____64____ being destroyed.
“It is over a thousand years old. It is an old person, an ____65____(extreme) weak old person. It has ____66____(variety) illnesses. If you are a little careless, it could be gone. Gone forever,” Fan says.
Today thanks to the work of great ____67____(archaeologist) such as Fan, Dunhuang is proud of the world’s largest and best-preserved collection of Buddhist relics ____68____(date) from the 13th to the 15th centuries. The main Mogao site is made up of 735 caves spread across ____69____1,700-metre-wide cliff face, containing 45,000 square metres of murals(壁画) ____70____ more than 2,000 colourful sculptures.
【答案】61. who##that
62. is known
63. description
64. from 65. extremely
66. various
67. archaeologists
68. dating 69. a
70. and
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了“敦煌的女儿”樊锦诗为保护敦煌文物作出的巨大贡献。
【61题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这位中国考古学家花了半个多世纪的时间研究和保护位于甘肃省古丝绸之路中心的石窟，在她的领域被称为“敦煌之女”，尽管“保护者”可能是更合适的描述。设空处引导定语从句，指代先行词archaeologist，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。
【62题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这位中国考古学家花了半个多世纪的时间研究和保护位于甘肃省古丝绸之路中心的石窟，在她的领域被称为“敦煌之女”，尽管“保护者”可能是更合适的描述。根据语境可知，此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时。句子的主语The Chinese archaeologist是单数，和know之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填is known。
【63题详解】
考查名词。句意：这位中国考古学家花了半个多世纪的时间研究和保护位于甘肃省古丝绸之路中心的石窟，在她的领域被称为“敦煌之女”，尽管“保护者”可能是更合适的描述。设空处被不定冠词a 修饰，应使用名词的单数形式，作表语。故填description。
【64题详解】
考查介词。句意：樊锦诗自20世纪60年代初以来一直在研究这一历史遗址，最初是作为北京大学考古专业的本科生，后来在1984年当她成为敦煌研究院副院长，她作为一名保护主义者，该研究院旨在防止这一古老遗址被破坏。prevent sth. from doing sth. 为固定搭配，意为“防止某事物发生某种情况”，设空处应填介词from。故填from。
【65题详解】
考查副词。句意：这是一个老人，一个极其虚弱的老人。设空处作状语，修饰形容词weak，应使用副词。故填extremely。
【66题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它有各种各样的疾病。设空处作定语，修饰名词illnesses，应使用形容词，故填various。
【67题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：今天，多亏了樊锦诗等著名考古学家的努力，敦煌拥有世界上最大、保存最完好的13世纪至15世纪的佛教文物。archaeologist意为“考古学家”，是可数名词，且此处表泛指，应使用复数形式。故填archaeologists。
【68题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：今天，多亏了樊锦诗等著名考古学家的努力，敦煌拥有世界上最大、保存最完好的13世纪至15世纪的佛教文物。此处为非谓语动词作定语，修饰collection of Buddhist relics，且collection of Buddhist relics与date为主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填dating。
【69题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：莫高窟主址由735个洞窟组成，分布在1700米宽的悬崖面上，包含4.5万平方米的壁画和2000多件彩色雕塑。此处1,700-metre-wide cliff face前应用不定冠词，表泛指，空后的1700为辅音音素开头，应用a。故用a。
【70题详解】
考查连词。句意：莫高窟主址由735个洞窟组成，分布在1700米宽的悬崖上，包含4.5万平方米的壁画和2000多件彩色雕塑。45,000 square metres of murals(壁画)与more than 2,000 colourful sculptures为并列关系，作动词containing的宾语，指出敦煌古迹数量之大，设空处应用连词and。故填and。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Time and tide wait for man. As the National College Entrance Examination is around the corner, I’d like to share my plan for the future with you.
At the first place, I will make the most of my time to make preparations for the NCEE, which was no doubt one of the most vital test in my lifetime. After the exam, I will take an advantage of this summer vacation to take part in the summer camp intending for people who are genuine interested in computer technology.
The reason behind my plan is because I am going to study computer science in the university. I am convincing that this century is the age of information. I am determined to make a contribution to the society with our knowledge.
【答案】1.man前添加no 2.At→In 3. was→ is 4. test→ tests 5. 将advantage前的an删掉
6.intending→ intended 7. genuine→ genuinely 8. because→ that 9. convincing→ convinced
10. our→ my
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章作者介绍了自己在高考来临之际，对自己未来的规划。
【详解】1.考查习语。句意：岁月不待人。习语Time and tide waits for no man，意为“时间不等人”。作者在讲述时间宝贵，要做好规划，所以应该是要表示“时间不等人”。故在man前添加no。
2.考查介词。句意：首先，我将充分利用我的时间来准备高考，这无疑是我一生中最重要的考试之一。固定短语in the first place意为“起初，一开始”，作时间状语。at the first place可指“在最初的地方，在第一个地方”，不符合语境。故将At改为In。
3.考查时态。句意：首先，我将充分利用我的时间来准备高考，这无疑是我一生中最重要的考试之一。根据语境可知，作者的高考还为到来，使用过去时态不对，要表示“高考是人生中重要的考试之一”，应使用一般现在时，主语为单数名词。故将was改为is。
4.考查名词复数。句意：首先，我将充分利用我的时间来准备高考，这无疑是我一生中最重要的考试之一。one of 之后加名词复数，表示“……之一”。故将test改为tests。
5.考查冠词。句意：高考后，我将利用这个暑假参加夏令营，其旨在为那些真正对计算机技术感兴趣的人。固定短语take advantage of意为“充分利用”，不需要冠词。故将advantage前的an删掉。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意：考试后，我将利用这个暑假参加夏令营，其旨在为那些真正对计算机技术感兴趣的人。短语be intended for可表示“是为...而设计/编制的”作谓语动词；而该句中，动词intend作后置定语修饰名词camp，与camp为被动关系，应使用过去分词形式。故将intending改为intended。
7.考查副词。句意：考试后，我将利用这个暑假参加夏令营，其旨在为那些真正对计算机技术感兴趣的人。本句中形容词interested为表语，应使用副词修饰形容词。故将genuine改为genuinely。
8.考查表语从句。句意：我的计划背后的原因是因为我要在大学学习计算机科学。名词reason作主语时，其表语从句应使用that作连接词。故将because改为that。
9.考查形容词。句意：我确信本世纪是信息时代。形容词convincing一般修饰物，意为“令人信服的”，此处主语为I，形容词人表示“相信，信服”应使用-ed结尾形容词convinced。故将convincing改为convinced。
10.考查代词。句意：我决心用我们的知识为社会做贡献。作者全文都在讲述自己的计划，本句I，“我”要做出贡献，应该是运用“我的”知识。故将our改为my。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
72. 近期，你所在的城市向中学生发起了“最美汉字”投票活动。请阅读下面一则新闻报道，以“The Most Beautiful Chinese Character”为题，向英文校报投稿。
内容包括：1.简要概括这则新闻；
2.简述你最想推荐的汉字及理由；
3.谈谈你对该活动的感想。
注意：1.词数100 词左右。2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
High school students recommend ren as message to the world
The Chinese character ren, a word that generally means “benevolence (仁)”, has been selected by high school students in a poll (民意调查) to highlight Chinese culture around the world. The character ren was selected by 8.33 percent of the 3,000 respondents who took part in the poll, according to one of the organisers, a student from a high school. It was followed by the characters ai, yi, meng and xiao, which mean ‘‘love”, “righteousness”, “dream’’ and “filial piety (孝)”. Those characters ranked in the “top-20 most beautiful Chinese characters”.
(China Daily, March 6, 2022. Page 4)
The Most Beautiful Chinese Character
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
The Most Beautiful Chinese Character
Recently, some high school students have conducted a poll to choose the most beautiful Chinese character. Among tens of thousands of characters, “ren, ai, yi, meng, xiao” are strongly recommended. Obviously, most students think the five characters carry typical Chinese culture in terms of traditional beliefs and core values concerning morality and ethics.
Of these characters, I put meng on the top of my list. Holding meng, which means best wishes for the future, one is not only to seek for opportunities for a better life, but also to create brand-new things for people around the world.
Personally, Chinese characters are so charming that they are treasures of human cultures. With deep love for Chinese culture, we should strive to promote them to the world.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生在阅读一则新闻报道后以“The Most Beautiful Chinese Character”为题给英文校报投稿，表达自己对“最美汉字”的看法。
内容包括：1.简要概括这则新闻；
2.简述你最想推荐的汉字及理由；
3.谈谈你对该活动的感想。
【详解】1.词汇积累
最近：recently→lately
迷人：charming→ attractive/appealing
进行，做，执行：conduct→perform/do/carry out
很显然：obviously→ evidently/apparently/clearly
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Recently, some high school students have conducted a poll to choose the most beautiful Chinese character.
拓展句：Recently, some high school students have conducted a poll to choose the most beautiful Chinese character, in which over 3,000 respondents took part.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Obviously, most students think the five characters carry typical Chinese culture in terms of traditional beliefs and core values concerning morality and ethics.（运用了省略that的非宾语从句及in terms of，core values，concerning，morality等高级词汇）
【高分句型2】Personally, Chinese characters are so charming that they are treasures of human cultures.（运用了so...that...句型）
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