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2023届河南省安阳市高三第三次模拟英语试题含解析
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这是一份2023届河南省安阳市高三第三次模拟英语试题含解析，共24页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，短文改错，邀请信等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023届河南省安阳市高三第三次模拟英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Get in the mood for seasonal holidays with these tales, all set in the season to be joyous.
The 156-Storey Treehouse by Andy Griffiths and Terry Denton
(Macmillan Children’s)
The latest book in this best-selling series has a festive favour, as Andy and Terry celebrate the New Year in their ever-growing treehouse, which now has 13 new storeys. There are mean snowmen and a mind-reading sandwich machine—all the silly fun you’d expect from the Treehouse books.
The New Year Competition by Mel Taylor-Bessent
(Farshore)
The ending to The New Year Carrolls rejoins Holly and her festival-obsessed family.
A new family leader is in town, trying to steal their golden crown. Can the Carrolls win a competition to prove that they are the most festive family?
Murder at Snowfall by Fleur Hitchcock
(Nosy Crow)
In this thrilling mystery set at New Year time, Lucas and Ruby discover an abandoned trunk in the snow. Soon they are investigating a crime, but can they solve it before falling snow hides the evidence? Perfect for you to read a book indoors on a cold winter night, this tale will keep you guessing.
The Grumpus and His New Year Plan by Alex T. Smith
(Macmillan Children’s)
Do you know about the Grumpus and his terrible New Year plan? What about the awful thing that happened at the North Pole on the New Year’s Eve? Inspired by the stories of the Krampus and the Grinch, and packed with Alex T. Smith’s wonderful illustrations, this is a book to enjoy with other people.
1．What is special about the treehouse?
A．It has witnessed a crime. B．It never stops growing.
C．It has a golden crown. D．It’s surrounded by snowmen.2．Which book will people probably read if they are interested in life at the Pole?
A．The 156-Storey Treehouse. B．The New Year Competition.
C．Murder at Snoufall. D．The Grumpus and His New Year Plan.3．What do the four books have in common?
A．They build up your confidence. B．They help you become good writers.
C．They make you in a festive mood. D．They offer puzzles for you to solve.
On a Friday evening in December, I was laid off. My heart sank.
In the next week, I desperately applied for jobs as my bank account grew smaller. I felt as if the world was closing in on me.
One weekend afternoon, I dropped my daughter Kristil in a wealthy gated community for a birthday party. I watched as she went in, surrounded by all the nice things we couldn’t afford. I drove home defeatedly.
Back at home, I glanced out the window. It had been snowing on and off all morning. I noticed a woman with short white hair struggling to open her car door against the wind. As she got out, I realized it was my old professor, Sister Esther Heffernan. I hadn’t seen her since we’d met three months before.
I first met Sister Esther 10 years ago when I was her student at Edgewood College in Madison, Wisconsin. Kristil was 3 at the time, and I sometimes took her to class. Sister Esther was understanding and would bring coloring books to occupy Kristil.
Even after I graduated, we still kept in touch. I had grown to love her like family.
I rushed to the front of my building. “What are you doing out in this weather?” I asked as we hugged.
“Well, I tried to call you last week but couldn’t get through. Then I called your company and they said you weren’t working there anymore, so I thought I would come by,” Sister Esther said. “I have gifts for you and Kristil.”
She handed me a card. “This is for you,” she said as she kissed me on the cheek. I walked her to her car and waved as she pulled away.
When I opened her card, I turned in shock. Hundred-dollar bills fell onto the table. Tears of gratitude puddled in my eyes as I counted. Sister Esther had given me $1,000.
14 years passed, but I’ve never forgotten what Sister Esther did for us.
4．Why did the author say the world was closing in on her?
A．Because she couldn’t find any well-paid job.
B．Because she lost her job and could hardly make ends meet.
C．Because she had no access to a wealthy gated community.
D．Because she couldn’t content herself with nice things.5．How did the author probably feel after dropping her daughter for a birthday party?
A．Depressed. B．Hopeful. C．Awkward. D．Confident.6．Which of the following can describe Sister Esther Heffernan?
A．Serious. B．Determined. C．Courageous. D．Thoughtful.7．What does the text want to convey?
A．Love me, love my dog.
B．The flames rise high when everybody adds fuel to it.
C．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
D．Roses are given, and the fragrance remains in hand.
Scientists have known for many years that houseplants benefit people’s well-being. Now researchers have found a way to make plants even better for human health. Using a method called genetic modification(GM), they raised plants that reduce indoor air pollution. GM means changing a plant or an animal by altering its DNA, including adding DNA from another species.
Indoor air pollution is produced by cleaning products, cooking, and dust, among other things, and it can be bad for people’s health. In 1989, research done by NASA found that houseplants could clean the air in a home. Later studies, however, showed that plants actually made too small a difference to help much. Since then, scientists have been experimenting with the DNA of certain potted plants to try to create one that will reduce more air pollution.
In 2018, scientists from the University of Washington decided to adapt a houseplant called pothos, or devil’s ivy, which is popular and easy to care for. The team inserted new DNA based on a chemical found in a rabbit’s liver. In the animal, the chemical breaks down harmful substances. The team found that the new DNA made the plant better at absorbing pollution.
Lately, a company called Neoplants added more DNA, from two types of bacteria. As the devil’s ivy grew, the team studied it carefully. Tests suggested that it was up to 30 times better at sucking pollution than the non-GM plants that NASA tested back in 1989. The company is also planning to add bacteria to the soil that comes with the plant, which could help break down even more polluting gases.
There is more work to be done, but the team at Neoplants plans to use this technology in other types of houseplants. If all goes well, the company hopes people in the US will be able to decorate their homes with pollution-destroying plants by next year. Another company, Origen Air, sells a plant-based system that cleans the air in businesses and homes. It is currently available in Canada.
8．Why did scientists use the method called GM?
A．To increase the chance of indoor plants’ survival.
B．To find a new way to improve human health.
C．To grow houseplants to reduce indoor air pollution.
D．To separate certain houseplants from other species.9．How did scientists adapt the houseplant pothos?
A．By adding DNA from another species.
B．By replacing the soil regularly.
C．By breaking down harmful substances.
D．By exposing the plant to a special rabbit.10．What is the result of the test about Neoplants’ GM plant?
A．It had no effect on the soil. B．It absorbed more air pollution.
C．It cost more than the non-GM plants. D．It produced even more polluting gases.11．What do we know about the pollution-destroying plants?
A．They are well received both in the US and in Canada.
B．People in the US are using them to decorate their homes.
C．They can completely clean the air in businesses and homes.
D．There is still a long way to go to make them widely available.
Have you ever looked up at the sky during a thunderstorm and wondered why forked lightning makes a zig-zag (之字形) pattern? New research reveals why.
Thunderstorms are caused when warm air rises up and mixes with much colder air. As the warm air cools, water vapour in the air starts to thicken into tiny droplets of water, which is what clouds are made of. These water droplets sometimes get so cold that they turn into ice crystals (晶) and start hitting each other. All this bumping around builds up a powerful electric charge in the cloud. That electricity gradually separates into a positive charge at the top of the cloud and a negative charge at the bottom. The negative charge is attracted to the Earth’s surface, and when the charge gets powerful enough, the cloud zaps out a huge amount of energy towards the ground, which we see as a fork of lightning — but why are they zig-zag?
Dr John Lowke, from the University of South Australia, says that lightning travels in a series of jagged “steps” rather than one straight bolt (闪电). Around a thundercloud there is an electrical field that can get so intense that it allows electricity to flow through the air as easily as it could through a wire. Lowke’s idea is that electricity bursts through the air in a short “step”, lighting up for a millionth of a second. At the end of the step, the electrical charge builds up again until there’s enough energy for another step. The steps are repeated, creating a zig-zag shape down to Earth, but they happen so fast that our brain sees the whole bolt at the same moment.
Lowke says that if we can understand lightning we might learn how to control it, which will be useful because lightning can damage buildings and start forest fires. Climate change makes big thunderstorms more common. Lowke hopes his work will help people to design buildings, aeroplanes and other things that can deal with lightning better.
12．What causes a fork of lightning?
A．There being more and more warm air.
B．Ice crystals combining with each other.
C．Clouds releasing powerful energy to the ground.
D．Electricity separating into a positive charge.13．What does the underlined word “jagged” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Predictable. B．Irregular. C．Smooth. D．Concrete.14．What is the significance of lightning research according to Lowke?
A．It can help people further explore the magic universe.
B．It can help people avoid damage to buildings and forest fires.
C．It can help people design more beautiful buildings.
D．It can help people take better advantage of lightning.15．What can be the best title for the text?
A．How Lightning Is Got Rid of B．What Causes Lightning
C．When Lightning Occurs D．Why Lightning Isn’t Straight
二、七选五
Winter is one of the most magical times of the year to get moving. 16 However, when you wake up in the morning, it can be hard to follow through on an exercise commitment. Here are ways to keep that drive going throughout the cold months.
Work out with a group. 17 This gives you social support and can help with making friends. When you exercise with a group, flaking out (入睡) is no longer an option.
Dress for the weather. When you are working out in the winter, especially if you are exercising outdoors, keep yourself out of the cold in warm layers (层). 18 Make sure the top layer keeps out the snow and rain. If you plan to exercise outside in the dark or in bad weather, where visibility is poorer, wear bright and reflective clothing for safety.
Change up your workout. 19 Doing the same type of training can be demotivating. Those who vary their workout routines are 20% likelier to enjoy the exercise session. Switching up your routine can give you a boost of motivation, and help keep winter workouts fun and enjoyable.
20 Using phone apps, or a fitbit, or even going low tech and marking your calendar in red pen can help you visualize how you’ve progressed thus far. Finding a system that lets you track your exercise achievements can give you the extra push to get you going when the going gets hard.
New Year’s resolutions are a great opportunity to start an exercise routine. Sure working out during the winter may be an uphill battle, but there are strategies to get us over the hill, and onto a healthier, happier new year.
A．Track your training.
B．Variety is important to enjoy exercise.
C．You can make your workouts enjoyable.
D．Your layers should be, not just warm, but dry.
E．Use an app to remind you of an exercise routine.
F．Winter workouts give us energy to get through winter’s cold days.
G．One way to stay motivated during winter is to work out with a group or a partner.
三、完形填空
For years, there was an Elf(圣诞小精灵)in every class at San Fernando Elementary School during holiday season. A(n) 21 in a neighborhood, Levinson knew her young students had it 22 —some were homeless, many 23 in small rooms—so she made sure that her class’s Elf was 24 to them every holiday season, helping them get gifts they wanted.
Despite being surrounded by wealthy neighborhoods, their community was so 25 that on rainy days, kids had to 26 trash bags when coming to school. Some didn’t brush their teeth because they didn’t own a toothbrush.
Levinson decided to do something. She 27 a simple wish list on Amazon: a 28 for each student to keep off the cold. She explained the students’ 29 , directed any potential 30 towards her Amazon wish list, clicked the SEND button 31 and expected for the best.
Five minutes later, her neighbors 32 the wish in its entirety. And just as quickly, the class was 33 donated blankets. So Levinson kept 34 the wish list. In the following days, it seemed that whatever she asked for, donors—from California to Texas—were 35 to provide. So many items poured into the school that the library stood unusable for weeks, piled with 36 .
New Year’s Day comes but once a year, but 37 knows no calendar. For 2022 New Year, the community again came 38 gifts. Levinson said, “When something like this comes up, everybody 39 to help. It’s just beautiful. ”
In the world of a young child, what matters is being kind and 40 , asking for help, and sharing what you have.
21．A．doctor B．parent C．teacher D．officer
22．A．directly B．wrong C．secretly D．rough
23．A．explored B．crowded C．worked D．wandered
24．A．good B．polite C．grateful D．familiar
25．A．harmonious B．remote C．traditional D．disadvantaged
26．A．gather B．wear C．design D．count
27．A．created B．spotted C．received D．checked
28．A．house B．jacket C．stove D．blanket
29．A．rule B．principle C．situation D．discovery
30．A．viewer B．donor C．student D．neighbor
31．A．clumsily B．repeatedly C．hopefully D．proudly
32．A．completed B．reported C．witnessed D．evaluated
33．A．classifying B．mixed with C．packing D．showered with
34．A．downloading B．updating C．observing D．analyzing
35．A．careful B．hesitant C．generous D．welcome
36．A．shelves B．waste C．paper D．packages
37．A．giving B．thinking C．forgiving D．winning
38．A．demanding B．returning C．bearing D．choosing
39．A．pulls in B．jumps in C．drops in D．cuts in
40．A．considerate B．confident C．energetic D．patient
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式, 并将答案填写 在答题卡上。
According to the fifth Global Biodiversity Outlook report, biodiversity is declining 41 an alarming rate. As the most biodiverse province in China, southwestern Yunnan is sharing 42 (it)conservation strategy on the international stage.
Seventeen years after the province first 43 (introduce)the concept of Species with Extremely Small Populations(SESP), Yunnan showcased the achievements in conservation on Dec 16 at a side event of the 15th meeting of the Conference of the Parties(COP15)to the UN Convention on Biological Diversity in Montreal, Canada.
“We will forever lose the opportunity for future development that some species bring if they go extinction,” says Yang Hua, 44 worker with the provincial forestry and grassland administration.
SESP, 45 (bring)forward by the province in 2005, was a concept to represent species 46 were found to be restricted in their geographic distribution and showed weak population 47 (grow).
Ever since then, the province’s conservation efforts 48 (help) the population of Asian elephants reach around 360, and that of black-and-white snub-nosed monkeys is now 3, 800.
Sun Weibang, director of the Kunming Botanical Garden, under the Kunming Institute of Botany of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 49 (recent) said that, during a decade of continuous development, Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations(PSESP) was applied as a model 50 (conserve)native plants in countries such as Italy, Russia, Mexico, and Iraq.
五、短文改错
51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文， 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有10处语言错误， 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(/\), 并在其下面写出该加的词；
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉；
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
2. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Anxieties, which are easily seen during an exam, may be good for us in some degree. However, too much tension can led to failure. Luckily, here are some tips to help you remain positively.
First, keep in minds that good preparation is the key to ensure your efforts do not go fruitless. You should optimistic to deal with the exam. In the addition, relax yourself properly but don’t always be nervous. If the first paper ends up extremely tough for me, remember that the next one will be easier and that you will do better. Last but not least, planning a trip for yourself after an exam are good enough.
六、邀请信
52．假定你是李华，你校将于下周举行线上运动会。请给你班交换生Jim 写一封邮件邀请他 参加，内容包括：
1. 运动会形式（参赛选手在摄像头前完成动作，学校老师计时和打分）；
2. 运动会内容（体操、跳绳等）。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jim
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案：
1．B 2．D 3．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了几本可以让你感受到节日气氛的书籍。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“The latest book in this best-selling series has a festive favour, as Andy and Terry celebrate the New Year in their ever-growing treehouse, which now has 13 new storeys.(这个畅销系列的最新一本书有节日气氛，安迪和特里在他们不断增长的树屋里庆祝新年，现在树屋有了13层新楼层)”可知，树屋在不断生长。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据最后一段“What about the awful thing that happened at the North Pole on the New Year’s Eve?(那新年前夜在北极发生的可怕的事情呢？)”可知，The Grumpus and His New Year Plan讲述的故事与北极有关。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据第一段“Get in the mood for seasonal holidays with these tales, all set in the season to be joyous.(跟着这些故事一起度过季节性假期吧，所有这些故事都是在欢乐的季节里设定的)”可知，文中这几本书的共同点是都可以让你感受到节日的气氛。故选C。
4．B 5．A 6．D 7．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在作者因失业而穷困潦倒的情况下，以前的老师帮助她克服困难的故事。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段“On a Friday evening in December, I was laid off. My heart sank.（12月的一个周五晚上，我被解雇了。我的心一沉。）”和第二段“In the next week, I desperately applied for jobs as my bank account grew smaller. I felt as if the world was closing in on me.（接下来的一周，我拼命地找工作，因为我的银行存款越来越少了。我觉得好像整个世界都抛弃了我。）”可知，作者被解雇，拼命找工作，囊中羞涩，所以她感觉像被这个世界抛弃了一样。故选B项。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段中“I watched as she went in, surrounded by all the nice things we couldn’t afford. I drove home defeatedly.（我看着她走进去，周围都是我们买不起的好东西。我沮丧地开车回家。）”可知，作者在送女儿参加生日聚会后，感到非常沮丧。故选A项。
6．推理判断题。根据第五段中“Sister Esther was understanding and would bring coloring books to occupy Kristil.（Esther修女很善解人意，她会带涂色书让Kristil玩。）”和倒数第二段中“Sister Esther had given me $1,000.（Esther修女给了我1000美元。）”可知，在作者上学的时候，Esther修女细心地照顾到作者的女儿，在作者生活有困难的时候，Esther修女巧妙地送来现金帮助作者渡过难关。由此可知，Esther修女体贴入微（thoughtful）。故选D项。
7．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了在作者因失业而穷困潦倒的情况下，以前的老师帮助她克服困难的故事。由此可知，文章表达了“患难见真情”的主题。故选C项。
8．C 9．A 10．B 11．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究人员发现了一种使植物更有益于人类健康的方法，他们使用一种叫做基因工程（GM）的方法，培育出能更有效减少室内空气污染的植物。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Using a method called genetic modification (GM), they raised plants that reduce indoor air pollution.(通过一种被称为基因改造的方法，他们培育出了减少室内空气污染的植物)”可知，科学家使用一种叫做基因工程（GM）的方法，培育出减少室内空气污染的植物。故选C项。
2.细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Since then, scientists have been experimenting with the DNA of certain potted plants to try to create one that will reduce more air pollution.(从那时起，科学家们一直在试验某些盆栽植物的DNA，试图创造一种能减少更多空气污染的植物)”及第三段“The team inserted new DNA based on a chemical found in a rabbit’s liver. In the animal, the chemical breaks down harmful substances. The team found that the new DNA made the plant better at absorbing pollution.(研究小组根据在兔子肝脏中发现的一种化学物质插入了新的DNA。在动物体内，这种化学物质能分解有害物质。研究小组发现，新的DNA使植物更好地吸收污染)”可知，科学家们通过加入新的DNA来培育降低空气污染的绿萝植物。故选A项。
3.细节理解题。根据文章第四段
“Tests suggested that it was up to 30 times better at sucking pollution than the non-GM plants that NASA tested back in 1989.(测试表明，它比1989年美国宇航局测试的非转基因植物吸收污染的能力高出30倍)”可知，Neoplants的转基因植物能吸收更多的空气污染。故选B项。
4.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“There is more work to be done, but the team at Neoplants plans to use this technology in other types of houseplants.(还有更多的工作要做，但Neoplants的团队计划将这项技术应用于其他类型的室内植物)”可推知，广泛推广使用消除污染的植物还有很多工作要做。故选D项。
12．C 13．B 14．B 15．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。新的研究揭示了为什么叉状闪电会呈现出之字形。
【详解】1. 细节理解题。根据第二段的“The negative charge is attracted to the Earth’s surface, and when the charge gets powerful enough, the cloud zaps out a huge amount of energy towards the ground, which we see as a fork of lightning — but why are they zig-zag?(负电荷被吸引到地球表面，当电荷变得足够强大时，云层就会向地面释放出大量的能量，我们看到的就是闪电的分叉——但为什么它们是锯齿形的呢？)”可知，云层向地面释放强大的能量会造成了一个分叉闪电。故选C。
2. 词义猜测题。根据划线词下文“rather than one straight bolt(而不是通过一个直线的闪电)”可知，此处与straight相对，应表示“不规则的”。故选B。
3.推理判断题。由最后一段第一句“Lowke says that if we can understand lightning we might learn how to control it, which will be useful because lightning can damage buildings and start forest fires.(洛克说，如果我们能够理解闪电，我们可能会学会如何控制它，这将是有用的，因为闪电可以破坏建筑物和引起森林火灾)”可推知，研究闪电有助于减少对建筑物的破坏和森林火灾。故选B。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Have you ever looked up at the sky during a thunderstorm and wondered why forked lightning makes a zig-zag(之字形)pattern? New research reveals why.(你是否曾经在暴风雨中仰望天空，想知道为什么分叉的闪电会呈现出之字形的图案？新的研究揭示了原因)”可知，本文是一项研究报告，揭示了叉状闪电会呈现出之字形的原因。由此可知，D项“为什么闪电不是直的”适合作文章标题。故选D。
16．F 17．G 18．D 19．B 20．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了让人在冬季保持锻炼的动力的方法。
16．根据前文“Winter is one of the most magical times of the year to get moving.（冬天是一年中最适合运动的季节之一。）”可知，前文提到冬季适合运动，F项“Winter workouts give us energy to get through winter’s cold days.（冬季锻炼给我们能量来度过冬天的寒冷日子。）”符合语境，承接前文解释原因。故选F。
17．根据前文“Work out with a group.（和一群人一起锻炼。）”可知，本段介绍和一群人锻炼，G项“One way to stay motivated during winter is to work out with a group or a partner.（在冬天保持动力的一个方法是和一群人或一个伙伴一起锻炼。）”符合语境，后文的“This”指代其中的“to work out with a group or a partner”。故选G。
18．根据前文“When you are working out in the winter, especially if you are exercising outdoors, keep yourself out of the cold in warm layers (层).（当你在冬天锻炼的时候，尤其是在户外锻炼的时候，穿上保暖的衣服御寒。）”和后文“Make sure the top layer keeps out the snow and rain.（确保最外面的一层衣服能挡住雪和雨。）”可知，此处讨论冬季锻炼的穿衣，衣物要具备特定的功能，D项“Your layers should be, not just warm, but dry.（你的衣服不仅要保暖，还要干燥。）”符合语境，其中的“warm”和前文的“warm layers”呼应，“dry”和后文的“keeps out the snow and rain”呼应，说明另一个功能。故选D。
19．根据后文“Doing the same type of training can be demotivating.（做同样的训练可能会让人失去动力。）”可知，此处解释重复做同样的训练的坏处，B项“Variety is important to enjoy exercise.（多样化对于享受运动很重要。）”符合语境，其中的“Variety”和前文的“Change up”呼应，强调做不同运动的好处。。故选B。
20．空处位于段首，需统领段落内容，且和前文其他段落首句同样使用祈使句。根据后文“Using phone apps, or a fitbit, or even going low tech and marking your calendar in red pen can help you visualize how you’ve progressed thus far.（使用手机应用程序，或者手环，甚至是低技术含量的东西，用红笔在日历上做标记，都能帮助你可视化到目前为止的进展情况。）”可知，本段介绍要了解运动的进展，空处会简洁地说明这一点。A项“Track your training.（跟踪你的训练。）”符合语境，其中的“Track”和后文的“track”呼应。故选A。
21．C 22．D 23．B 24．A 25．D 26．B 27．A 28．D 29．C 30．B 31．C 32．A 33．D 34．B 35．C 36．D 37．A 38．C 39．B 40．A
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了Levinson老师帮助社区生活艰难的孩子们在网上发布心愿清单并获得好心人帮助的故事。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Levinson是一个社区的老师，她知道她的年轻学生们过得很艰难——有些人无家可归，许多人挤在小房间里——所以她确保她班上的小精灵在每个假期都对他们好，帮助他们得到他们想要的礼物。A. doctor医生；B. parent父（母）；C. teacher老师；D. officer官员。根据“Levinson knew her young students”可知，Levinson是一名老师。故选C项。
22．考查形容词、副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. directly直接地；B. wrong错误的；C. secretly秘密地；D. rough艰难的。根据“some were homeless”可知，老师知道自己的学生生活艰难。have it rough“处境艰难”。故选D项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. explored探索；B. crowded挤满、塞满；C. worked工作、运转；D. wandered漫步。根据“in small rooms”可知，学生们没有良好的居住条件，许多挤满在小房间里。故选B项。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. good好的；B. polite礼貌的；C. grateful感激的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据“helping them get gifts they wanted”可知，Levinson老师确保要对这些孩子好。故选A项。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管周围都是富裕的社区，但他们的社区非常贫困，在下雨天，孩子们上学时不得不穿着垃圾袋做得衣服。A. harmonious和谐的；B. remote遥远的；C. traditional传统的；D. disadvantaged弱势的。根据“Despite being surrounded by wealthy neighborhoods”可知，尽管周围都是富裕的社区，他们的社区是弱势的、贫穷的。故选D项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. gather聚集；B. wear穿；C. design设计；D. count数。根据“trash bags when coming to school”可知，由于社区条件贫困，孩子们不得不穿垃圾袋做得衣服来上学。故选B项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在亚马逊上创造了一个简单的愿望清单：为每个学生准备一条御寒毯子。A. created创造；B. spotted发现；C. received收到；D. checked检查。根据“a simple wish list on Amazon”可知，Levinson在网站上创造了一个愿望清单。故选A项。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. house房子；B. jacket夹克衫；C. stove炉子；D. blanket毛毯。根据“to keep off the cold”可知，用来御寒的东西是毛毯。故选D项。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她解释了学生们的情况，引导任何潜在的捐赠者查看她的亚马逊愿望清单，满怀希望地点击了发送按钮，期待着最好的结果。A. rule规则；B. principle准则；C. situation情况；D. discovery发现。根据上文“some were homeless, many ____3____ in small rooms”可知，Levinson在网站解释了孩子们的情况。故选C项。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. viewer观察者；B. donor捐赠者；C. student学生；D. neighbor邻居。根据“directed any potential ____10____ towards her Amazon wish list”可知，Levinson想要找到潜在的捐赠者。故选B项。
31．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. clumsily笨拙地；B. repeatedly重复地；C. hopefully有希望地；D. proudly礼貌地。根据“expected for the best”可知，Levinson在网上带着希望点击按钮，期望获得回应。故选C项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：五分钟后，她的邻居完成了她的全部愿望。A. completed完成；B. reported报告；C. witnessed见证；D. evaluated评价、评估。根据“her neighbors ____12____ the wish in its entirety.”可知，邻居完成了她的愿望清单。故选A项。
33．考查动词（短语）词义辨析。句意：很快，全班都收到了捐赠的毯子。A. classifying分类；B. mixed with混合；C. packing打包；D. showered with大量给予。根据“the class was ____13____ donated blankets”可知，全班都收到了捐赠的毯子，be showered with“被大量给予”。故选D项。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以Levinson不断更新愿望清单。A. downloading下载；B. updating更新；C. observing观察；D. analyzing分析。根据“And just as quickly, the class was ____13____ donated blankets.”可知，看到发布愿望清单的结果，Levinson继续更新愿望清单。故选B项。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的日子里，无论她要求什么，从加利福尼亚到德克萨斯的捐助者似乎都慷慨地提供了。A. careful小心的、仔细的；B. hesitant犹豫的；C. generous慷慨的；D. welcome受欢迎的。根据“So many items poured into the school”可知，无论Levinson提出的什么愿望，都得到了满足，大家都慷慨地满足需求。故选C项。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以大量的书籍涌入学校，图书馆堆满了包裹，几个星期都无法使用。A. shelves架子；B. waste垃圾；C. paper纸；D. packages包裹。根据“So many items poured into the school that the library stood unusable for weeks”可知，书籍很多，图书馆里堆满了包裹。故选D项。
37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：新年一年只有一次，但给予是没有日历的。A. giving给予；B. thinking思考；C. forgiving原谅；D. winning获胜。根据上文描述内容可知，大家慷慨帮助捐赠物品，这是一种给予，且没有时间限制。故选A项。
38．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2022年新年，社区再次带来了礼物。A. demanding要求；B. returning返还；C. bearing携带；D. choosing选择。根据上文“So many items poured into the school that the library stood unusable for weeks, piled with ____16____.”可知，2022年新年，社区里又都是礼物。故选C项。
39．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：Levinson说：“当这样的事情发生时，每个人都会挺身而出。真是太美了。”A. pulls in进站；B. jumps in跳入、跳进；C. drops in顺便拜访；D. cuts in插嘴、插队。根据“When something like this comes up”及“It’s just beautiful.”可知，每个人都跳进来帮助有需要的孩子们这件事是美丽的。故选B项。
40．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在小孩子的世界里，最重要的是善良和体贴，寻求帮助，分享你所拥有的。A. considerate体贴的；B. confident自信的；C. energetic有活力的；D. patient耐心的。根据“being kind”可知，在小孩子的世界里，重要的是善良和体贴。故选A项。
41．at 42．its 43．introduced 44．a/one 45．brought 46．that/which 47．growth 48．have helped 49．recently 50．to conserve
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了云南对野生动植物保护的情况。
【详解】1. 考查介词。句意：根据第五全球生物多样性的《展望》报告，生物多样性正在以惊人的速度减少。表示“以……的速度/比率”，用at a/an...rate，故填at。
2. 考查代词。句意：作为中国生物多样性最丰富的省份，滇西南正在国际舞台上分享其保护策略。修饰名词短语conservation strategy，应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
3. 考查动词时态。句意：12月16日，在加拿大蒙特利尔举行的联合国生物多样性公约缔约方大会(COP15)第15次会议的会外活动上，云南省首次提出了“极小种群物种”的概念。分析句子结构可知，after后跟宾语从句，空处作宾语从句的谓语，主句谓语showcased提示此处应用过去时态，副词first后应用一般过去时态，故填introduced。
4. 考查冠词/数词。句意：“如果一些物种灭绝，我们将永远失去它们带来的未来发展机会，”省林业和草原管理局工作人员杨华（音译）说。此处a worker作“Yang Hua”的同位语，或者用one修饰，表示“一个”，故填a或one。
5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：2005年我省提出的种群数量增长指数（SESP）是一个代表物种地理分布受到限制，种群数量增长缓慢的概念。句子的谓语动词是“was”，此处为非谓语动词短语作后置定语，与其修饰的名词SESP构成动宾关系，所以用过去分词。故填brought。
6. 考查定语从句。句意：2005年我省提出的种群数量增长指数（SESP）是一个代表物种地理分布受到限制，种群数量增长缓慢的概念。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词species，指物，且从句缺少主语，用关系代词that/which引导限制性定语从句。故填that/which。
7. 考查名词。句意：2005年我省提出的种群数量增长指数（SESP）是一个代表物种地理分布受到限制，种群数量增长缓慢的概念。此处作动词“showed”的宾语，所以用名词形式growth，不可数名词，故填growth。
8. 考查动词时态。句意：从那时起，该省的保护工作帮助亚洲象的数量达到了360头左右，现在黑白金丝猴的数量已经达到了3800头。由时间状语“Ever since then”可知，谓语动词用现在完成时；主语中心词为efforts，故填have helped。
9.考查副词。句意：中国科学院昆明植物研究所昆明植物园主任孙伟邦近日表示，在过去十年的持续发展中，意大利、俄罗斯、墨西哥、伊拉克等国家都将极小种群植物作为保护本土植物的模式。修饰动词said用副词形式recently。故填recently。
10. 考查非谓语动词。句意为：中国科学院昆明植物研究所昆明植物园主任孙伟邦近来说，在过去十年的持续发展中，意大利、俄罗斯、墨西哥、伊拉克等国家都将极小种群的植物物种作为保护本土植物的模式。此处是非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词model，动词conserve和所修饰的名词model是同位关系，应用不定式用作定语，修饰名词model。故填to conserve。
51．1.in→to
2.led→lead
3.positively→positive
4.minds→mind
5.ensure→ensuring
6.should后添加be
7.删除the
8.but→and
9.me→you
10.are→is
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就缓解考试压力，保持积极提出了一些建议。
【详解】1.考查介词。句意：在考试中很容易看到的焦虑，在某种程度上可能对我们有好处。结合句意表示“在某种程度上”可知短语为to some degree。故in改为to。
2.考查动词。句意：然而，过度紧张会导致失败。情态动词can后跟动词原形。故led改为lead。
3.考查形容词。句意：幸运的是，下面是一些建议可以帮助你保持积极。remain后跟形容词positive，作表语。故positively改为positive。
4.考查固定短语。句意：首先，要记住，做好准备是确保你的努力不会白费的关键。结合句意表示“记住”可知短语为keep in mind。故minds改为mind。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意：首先，要记住，做好准备是确保你的努力不会白费的关键。ensure作介词to的宾语，应用动名词形式。故ensure改为ensuring。
6.考查主系表结构。句意：你应该乐观地对待这次考试。形容词optimistic作表语，前面应有be动词，且should后跟动词原形。故should后添加be。
7.考查固定短语。句意：此外，适当放松自己，不要总是紧张。表示“此外”短语为in addition。故删除the。
8.考查连词。句意：此外，适当放松自己，不要总是紧张。此处前后文为并列关系，应用连词and。故but改为and。
9.考查代词。句意：如果第一篇文章对你来说太难了，记住下一篇会更容易，你会做得更好。根据后文“you will do better”可知，应用代词you。故me改为you。
10.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：最后但并非最不重要的是，在考试后为自己计划一次旅行是足够好的。动名词短语“planning a trip for yourself after an exam”作主语，谓语用单数，描述事实用一般现在时。故are改为is。
52．Dear Jim,
Knowing that you’re interested in sports, I’m more than delighted to invite you to participate in our online sports meeting to be held next week.
Aiming to keep us students healthy and relaxed, our school has decided to hold this online sports meeting. The sports meeting is to be held by virtue of the APP “Ding Talk”. Each player is required to turn on their camera and finish the movements in front of it, while our PE teacher will record the time and grade them. As scheduled, a variety of activities are included, such as gymnastics, rope skipping and so on.
Looking forward to your participation.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本文是应用文。假定你是李华，你校将于下周举行线上运动会。请按提示给你班交换生Jim 写一封邮件邀请他 参加。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→glad
参加：participate in→take part in
健康的：healthy→fit
按照计划进行：As scheduled→As planned
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Aiming to keep us students healthy and relaxed, our school has decided to hold this online sports meeting.
拓展句：Our school has decided to hold this online sports meeting, whose aim is to keep us students healthy and relaxed.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Knowing that you’re interested in sports, I’m more than delighted to invite you to participate in our online sports meeting to be held next week.(运用了非谓语动词作状语和that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] Aiming to keep us students healthy and relaxed, our school has decided to hold this online sports meeting.(运用了非谓语动词作状语)
2023届河南省安阳市高三第三次模拟英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Get in the mood for seasonal holidays with these tales, all set in the season to be joyous.
The 156-Storey Treehouse by Andy Griffiths and Terry Denton
(Macmillan Children’s)
The latest book in this best-selling series has a festive favour, as Andy and Terry celebrate the New Year in their ever-growing treehouse, which now has 13 new storeys. There are mean snowmen and a mind-reading sandwich machine—all the silly fun you’d expect from the Treehouse books.
The New Year Competition by Mel Taylor-Bessent
(Farshore)
The ending to The New Year Carrolls rejoins Holly and her festival-obsessed family.
A new family leader is in town, trying to steal their golden crown. Can the Carrolls win a competition to prove that they are the most festive family?
Murder at Snowfall by Fleur Hitchcock
(Nosy Crow)
In this thrilling mystery set at New Year time, Lucas and Ruby discover an abandoned trunk in the snow. Soon they are investigating a crime, but can they solve it before falling snow hides the evidence? Perfect for you to read a book indoors on a cold winter night, this tale will keep you guessing.
The Grumpus and His New Year Plan by Alex T. Smith
(Macmillan Children’s)
Do you know about the Grumpus and his terrible New Year plan? What about the awful thing that happened at the North Pole on the New Year’s Eve? Inspired by the stories of the Krampus and the Grinch, and packed with Alex T. Smith’s wonderful illustrations, this is a book to enjoy with other people.
1．What is special about the treehouse?
A．It has witnessed a crime. B．It never stops growing.
C．It has a golden crown. D．It’s surrounded by snowmen.2．Which book will people probably read if they are interested in life at the Pole?
A．The 156-Storey Treehouse. B．The New Year Competition.
C．Murder at Snoufall. D．The Grumpus and His New Year Plan.3．What do the four books have in common?
A．They build up your confidence. B．They help you become good writers.
C．They make you in a festive mood. D．They offer puzzles for you to solve.
On a Friday evening in December, I was laid off. My heart sank.
In the next week, I desperately applied for jobs as my bank account grew smaller. I felt as if the world was closing in on me.
One weekend afternoon, I dropped my daughter Kristil in a wealthy gated community for a birthday party. I watched as she went in, surrounded by all the nice things we couldn’t afford. I drove home defeatedly.
Back at home, I glanced out the window. It had been snowing on and off all morning. I noticed a woman with short white hair struggling to open her car door against the wind. As she got out, I realized it was my old professor, Sister Esther Heffernan. I hadn’t seen her since we’d met three months before.
I first met Sister Esther 10 years ago when I was her student at Edgewood College in Madison, Wisconsin. Kristil was 3 at the time, and I sometimes took her to class. Sister Esther was understanding and would bring coloring books to occupy Kristil.
Even after I graduated, we still kept in touch. I had grown to love her like family.
I rushed to the front of my building. “What are you doing out in this weather?” I asked as we hugged.
“Well, I tried to call you last week but couldn’t get through. Then I called your company and they said you weren’t working there anymore, so I thought I would come by,” Sister Esther said. “I have gifts for you and Kristil.”
She handed me a card. “This is for you,” she said as she kissed me on the cheek. I walked her to her car and waved as she pulled away.
When I opened her card, I turned in shock. Hundred-dollar bills fell onto the table. Tears of gratitude puddled in my eyes as I counted. Sister Esther had given me $1,000.
14 years passed, but I’ve never forgotten what Sister Esther did for us.
4．Why did the author say the world was closing in on her?
A．Because she couldn’t find any well-paid job.
B．Because she lost her job and could hardly make ends meet.
C．Because she had no access to a wealthy gated community.
D．Because she couldn’t content herself with nice things.5．How did the author probably feel after dropping her daughter for a birthday party?
A．Depressed. B．Hopeful. C．Awkward. D．Confident.6．Which of the following can describe Sister Esther Heffernan?
A．Serious. B．Determined. C．Courageous. D．Thoughtful.7．What does the text want to convey?
A．Love me, love my dog.
B．The flames rise high when everybody adds fuel to it.
C．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
D．Roses are given, and the fragrance remains in hand.
Scientists have known for many years that houseplants benefit people’s well-being. Now researchers have found a way to make plants even better for human health. Using a method called genetic modification(GM), they raised plants that reduce indoor air pollution. GM means changing a plant or an animal by altering its DNA, including adding DNA from another species.
Indoor air pollution is produced by cleaning products, cooking, and dust, among other things, and it can be bad for people’s health. In 1989, research done by NASA found that houseplants could clean the air in a home. Later studies, however, showed that plants actually made too small a difference to help much. Since then, scientists have been experimenting with the DNA of certain potted plants to try to create one that will reduce more air pollution.
In 2018, scientists from the University of Washington decided to adapt a houseplant called pothos, or devil’s ivy, which is popular and easy to care for. The team inserted new DNA based on a chemical found in a rabbit’s liver. In the animal, the chemical breaks down harmful substances. The team found that the new DNA made the plant better at absorbing pollution.
Lately, a company called Neoplants added more DNA, from two types of bacteria. As the devil’s ivy grew, the team studied it carefully. Tests suggested that it was up to 30 times better at sucking pollution than the non-GM plants that NASA tested back in 1989. The company is also planning to add bacteria to the soil that comes with the plant, which could help break down even more polluting gases.
There is more work to be done, but the team at Neoplants plans to use this technology in other types of houseplants. If all goes well, the company hopes people in the US will be able to decorate their homes with pollution-destroying plants by next year. Another company, Origen Air, sells a plant-based system that cleans the air in businesses and homes. It is currently available in Canada.
8．Why did scientists use the method called GM?
A．To increase the chance of indoor plants’ survival.
B．To find a new way to improve human health.
C．To grow houseplants to reduce indoor air pollution.
D．To separate certain houseplants from other species.9．How did scientists adapt the houseplant pothos?
A．By adding DNA from another species.
B．By replacing the soil regularly.
C．By breaking down harmful substances.
D．By exposing the plant to a special rabbit.10．What is the result of the test about Neoplants’ GM plant?
A．It had no effect on the soil. B．It absorbed more air pollution.
C．It cost more than the non-GM plants. D．It produced even more polluting gases.11．What do we know about the pollution-destroying plants?
A．They are well received both in the US and in Canada.
B．People in the US are using them to decorate their homes.
C．They can completely clean the air in businesses and homes.
D．There is still a long way to go to make them widely available.
Have you ever looked up at the sky during a thunderstorm and wondered why forked lightning makes a zig-zag (之字形) pattern? New research reveals why.
Thunderstorms are caused when warm air rises up and mixes with much colder air. As the warm air cools, water vapour in the air starts to thicken into tiny droplets of water, which is what clouds are made of. These water droplets sometimes get so cold that they turn into ice crystals (晶) and start hitting each other. All this bumping around builds up a powerful electric charge in the cloud. That electricity gradually separates into a positive charge at the top of the cloud and a negative charge at the bottom. The negative charge is attracted to the Earth’s surface, and when the charge gets powerful enough, the cloud zaps out a huge amount of energy towards the ground, which we see as a fork of lightning — but why are they zig-zag?
Dr John Lowke, from the University of South Australia, says that lightning travels in a series of jagged “steps” rather than one straight bolt (闪电). Around a thundercloud there is an electrical field that can get so intense that it allows electricity to flow through the air as easily as it could through a wire. Lowke’s idea is that electricity bursts through the air in a short “step”, lighting up for a millionth of a second. At the end of the step, the electrical charge builds up again until there’s enough energy for another step. The steps are repeated, creating a zig-zag shape down to Earth, but they happen so fast that our brain sees the whole bolt at the same moment.
Lowke says that if we can understand lightning we might learn how to control it, which will be useful because lightning can damage buildings and start forest fires. Climate change makes big thunderstorms more common. Lowke hopes his work will help people to design buildings, aeroplanes and other things that can deal with lightning better.
12．What causes a fork of lightning?
A．There being more and more warm air.
B．Ice crystals combining with each other.
C．Clouds releasing powerful energy to the ground.
D．Electricity separating into a positive charge.13．What does the underlined word “jagged” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Predictable. B．Irregular. C．Smooth. D．Concrete.14．What is the significance of lightning research according to Lowke?
A．It can help people further explore the magic universe.
B．It can help people avoid damage to buildings and forest fires.
C．It can help people design more beautiful buildings.
D．It can help people take better advantage of lightning.15．What can be the best title for the text?
A．How Lightning Is Got Rid of B．What Causes Lightning
C．When Lightning Occurs D．Why Lightning Isn’t Straight
二、七选五
Winter is one of the most magical times of the year to get moving. 16 However, when you wake up in the morning, it can be hard to follow through on an exercise commitment. Here are ways to keep that drive going throughout the cold months.
Work out with a group. 17 This gives you social support and can help with making friends. When you exercise with a group, flaking out (入睡) is no longer an option.
Dress for the weather. When you are working out in the winter, especially if you are exercising outdoors, keep yourself out of the cold in warm layers (层). 18 Make sure the top layer keeps out the snow and rain. If you plan to exercise outside in the dark or in bad weather, where visibility is poorer, wear bright and reflective clothing for safety.
Change up your workout. 19 Doing the same type of training can be demotivating. Those who vary their workout routines are 20% likelier to enjoy the exercise session. Switching up your routine can give you a boost of motivation, and help keep winter workouts fun and enjoyable.
20 Using phone apps, or a fitbit, or even going low tech and marking your calendar in red pen can help you visualize how you’ve progressed thus far. Finding a system that lets you track your exercise achievements can give you the extra push to get you going when the going gets hard.
New Year’s resolutions are a great opportunity to start an exercise routine. Sure working out during the winter may be an uphill battle, but there are strategies to get us over the hill, and onto a healthier, happier new year.
A．Track your training.
B．Variety is important to enjoy exercise.
C．You can make your workouts enjoyable.
D．Your layers should be, not just warm, but dry.
E．Use an app to remind you of an exercise routine.
F．Winter workouts give us energy to get through winter’s cold days.
G．One way to stay motivated during winter is to work out with a group or a partner.
三、完形填空
For years, there was an Elf(圣诞小精灵)in every class at San Fernando Elementary School during holiday season. A(n) 21 in a neighborhood, Levinson knew her young students had it 22 —some were homeless, many 23 in small rooms—so she made sure that her class’s Elf was 24 to them every holiday season, helping them get gifts they wanted.
Despite being surrounded by wealthy neighborhoods, their community was so 25 that on rainy days, kids had to 26 trash bags when coming to school. Some didn’t brush their teeth because they didn’t own a toothbrush.
Levinson decided to do something. She 27 a simple wish list on Amazon: a 28 for each student to keep off the cold. She explained the students’ 29 , directed any potential 30 towards her Amazon wish list, clicked the SEND button 31 and expected for the best.
Five minutes later, her neighbors 32 the wish in its entirety. And just as quickly, the class was 33 donated blankets. So Levinson kept 34 the wish list. In the following days, it seemed that whatever she asked for, donors—from California to Texas—were 35 to provide. So many items poured into the school that the library stood unusable for weeks, piled with 36 .
New Year’s Day comes but once a year, but 37 knows no calendar. For 2022 New Year, the community again came 38 gifts. Levinson said, “When something like this comes up, everybody 39 to help. It’s just beautiful. ”
In the world of a young child, what matters is being kind and 40 , asking for help, and sharing what you have.
21．A．doctor B．parent C．teacher D．officer
22．A．directly B．wrong C．secretly D．rough
23．A．explored B．crowded C．worked D．wandered
24．A．good B．polite C．grateful D．familiar
25．A．harmonious B．remote C．traditional D．disadvantaged
26．A．gather B．wear C．design D．count
27．A．created B．spotted C．received D．checked
28．A．house B．jacket C．stove D．blanket
29．A．rule B．principle C．situation D．discovery
30．A．viewer B．donor C．student D．neighbor
31．A．clumsily B．repeatedly C．hopefully D．proudly
32．A．completed B．reported C．witnessed D．evaluated
33．A．classifying B．mixed with C．packing D．showered with
34．A．downloading B．updating C．observing D．analyzing
35．A．careful B．hesitant C．generous D．welcome
36．A．shelves B．waste C．paper D．packages
37．A．giving B．thinking C．forgiving D．winning
38．A．demanding B．returning C．bearing D．choosing
39．A．pulls in B．jumps in C．drops in D．cuts in
40．A．considerate B．confident C．energetic D．patient
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式, 并将答案填写 在答题卡上。
According to the fifth Global Biodiversity Outlook report, biodiversity is declining 41 an alarming rate. As the most biodiverse province in China, southwestern Yunnan is sharing 42 (it)conservation strategy on the international stage.
Seventeen years after the province first 43 (introduce)the concept of Species with Extremely Small Populations(SESP), Yunnan showcased the achievements in conservation on Dec 16 at a side event of the 15th meeting of the Conference of the Parties(COP15)to the UN Convention on Biological Diversity in Montreal, Canada.
“We will forever lose the opportunity for future development that some species bring if they go extinction,” says Yang Hua, 44 worker with the provincial forestry and grassland administration.
SESP, 45 (bring)forward by the province in 2005, was a concept to represent species 46 were found to be restricted in their geographic distribution and showed weak population 47 (grow).
Ever since then, the province’s conservation efforts 48 (help) the population of Asian elephants reach around 360, and that of black-and-white snub-nosed monkeys is now 3, 800.
Sun Weibang, director of the Kunming Botanical Garden, under the Kunming Institute of Botany of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 49 (recent) said that, during a decade of continuous development, Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations(PSESP) was applied as a model 50 (conserve)native plants in countries such as Italy, Russia, Mexico, and Iraq.
五、短文改错
51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文， 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有10处语言错误， 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(/\), 并在其下面写出该加的词；
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉；
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
2. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Anxieties, which are easily seen during an exam, may be good for us in some degree. However, too much tension can led to failure. Luckily, here are some tips to help you remain positively.
First, keep in minds that good preparation is the key to ensure your efforts do not go fruitless. You should optimistic to deal with the exam. In the addition, relax yourself properly but don’t always be nervous. If the first paper ends up extremely tough for me, remember that the next one will be easier and that you will do better. Last but not least, planning a trip for yourself after an exam are good enough.
六、邀请信
52．假定你是李华，你校将于下周举行线上运动会。请给你班交换生Jim 写一封邮件邀请他 参加，内容包括：
1. 运动会形式（参赛选手在摄像头前完成动作，学校老师计时和打分）；
2. 运动会内容（体操、跳绳等）。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jim
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案：
1．B 2．D 3．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了几本可以让你感受到节日气氛的书籍。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“The latest book in this best-selling series has a festive favour, as Andy and Terry celebrate the New Year in their ever-growing treehouse, which now has 13 new storeys.(这个畅销系列的最新一本书有节日气氛，安迪和特里在他们不断增长的树屋里庆祝新年，现在树屋有了13层新楼层)”可知，树屋在不断生长。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据最后一段“What about the awful thing that happened at the North Pole on the New Year’s Eve?(那新年前夜在北极发生的可怕的事情呢？)”可知，The Grumpus and His New Year Plan讲述的故事与北极有关。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据第一段“Get in the mood for seasonal holidays with these tales, all set in the season to be joyous.(跟着这些故事一起度过季节性假期吧，所有这些故事都是在欢乐的季节里设定的)”可知，文中这几本书的共同点是都可以让你感受到节日的气氛。故选C。
4．B 5．A 6．D 7．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在作者因失业而穷困潦倒的情况下，以前的老师帮助她克服困难的故事。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段“On a Friday evening in December, I was laid off. My heart sank.（12月的一个周五晚上，我被解雇了。我的心一沉。）”和第二段“In the next week, I desperately applied for jobs as my bank account grew smaller. I felt as if the world was closing in on me.（接下来的一周，我拼命地找工作，因为我的银行存款越来越少了。我觉得好像整个世界都抛弃了我。）”可知，作者被解雇，拼命找工作，囊中羞涩，所以她感觉像被这个世界抛弃了一样。故选B项。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段中“I watched as she went in, surrounded by all the nice things we couldn’t afford. I drove home defeatedly.（我看着她走进去，周围都是我们买不起的好东西。我沮丧地开车回家。）”可知，作者在送女儿参加生日聚会后，感到非常沮丧。故选A项。
6．推理判断题。根据第五段中“Sister Esther was understanding and would bring coloring books to occupy Kristil.（Esther修女很善解人意，她会带涂色书让Kristil玩。）”和倒数第二段中“Sister Esther had given me $1,000.（Esther修女给了我1000美元。）”可知，在作者上学的时候，Esther修女细心地照顾到作者的女儿，在作者生活有困难的时候，Esther修女巧妙地送来现金帮助作者渡过难关。由此可知，Esther修女体贴入微（thoughtful）。故选D项。
7．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了在作者因失业而穷困潦倒的情况下，以前的老师帮助她克服困难的故事。由此可知，文章表达了“患难见真情”的主题。故选C项。
8．C 9．A 10．B 11．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究人员发现了一种使植物更有益于人类健康的方法，他们使用一种叫做基因工程（GM）的方法，培育出能更有效减少室内空气污染的植物。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Using a method called genetic modification (GM), they raised plants that reduce indoor air pollution.(通过一种被称为基因改造的方法，他们培育出了减少室内空气污染的植物)”可知，科学家使用一种叫做基因工程（GM）的方法，培育出减少室内空气污染的植物。故选C项。
2.细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Since then, scientists have been experimenting with the DNA of certain potted plants to try to create one that will reduce more air pollution.(从那时起，科学家们一直在试验某些盆栽植物的DNA，试图创造一种能减少更多空气污染的植物)”及第三段“The team inserted new DNA based on a chemical found in a rabbit’s liver. In the animal, the chemical breaks down harmful substances. The team found that the new DNA made the plant better at absorbing pollution.(研究小组根据在兔子肝脏中发现的一种化学物质插入了新的DNA。在动物体内，这种化学物质能分解有害物质。研究小组发现，新的DNA使植物更好地吸收污染)”可知，科学家们通过加入新的DNA来培育降低空气污染的绿萝植物。故选A项。
3.细节理解题。根据文章第四段
“Tests suggested that it was up to 30 times better at sucking pollution than the non-GM plants that NASA tested back in 1989.(测试表明，它比1989年美国宇航局测试的非转基因植物吸收污染的能力高出30倍)”可知，Neoplants的转基因植物能吸收更多的空气污染。故选B项。
4.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“There is more work to be done, but the team at Neoplants plans to use this technology in other types of houseplants.(还有更多的工作要做，但Neoplants的团队计划将这项技术应用于其他类型的室内植物)”可推知，广泛推广使用消除污染的植物还有很多工作要做。故选D项。
12．C 13．B 14．B 15．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。新的研究揭示了为什么叉状闪电会呈现出之字形。
【详解】1. 细节理解题。根据第二段的“The negative charge is attracted to the Earth’s surface, and when the charge gets powerful enough, the cloud zaps out a huge amount of energy towards the ground, which we see as a fork of lightning — but why are they zig-zag?(负电荷被吸引到地球表面，当电荷变得足够强大时，云层就会向地面释放出大量的能量，我们看到的就是闪电的分叉——但为什么它们是锯齿形的呢？)”可知，云层向地面释放强大的能量会造成了一个分叉闪电。故选C。
2. 词义猜测题。根据划线词下文“rather than one straight bolt(而不是通过一个直线的闪电)”可知，此处与straight相对，应表示“不规则的”。故选B。
3.推理判断题。由最后一段第一句“Lowke says that if we can understand lightning we might learn how to control it, which will be useful because lightning can damage buildings and start forest fires.(洛克说，如果我们能够理解闪电，我们可能会学会如何控制它，这将是有用的，因为闪电可以破坏建筑物和引起森林火灾)”可推知，研究闪电有助于减少对建筑物的破坏和森林火灾。故选B。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Have you ever looked up at the sky during a thunderstorm and wondered why forked lightning makes a zig-zag(之字形)pattern? New research reveals why.(你是否曾经在暴风雨中仰望天空，想知道为什么分叉的闪电会呈现出之字形的图案？新的研究揭示了原因)”可知，本文是一项研究报告，揭示了叉状闪电会呈现出之字形的原因。由此可知，D项“为什么闪电不是直的”适合作文章标题。故选D。
16．F 17．G 18．D 19．B 20．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了让人在冬季保持锻炼的动力的方法。
16．根据前文“Winter is one of the most magical times of the year to get moving.（冬天是一年中最适合运动的季节之一。）”可知，前文提到冬季适合运动，F项“Winter workouts give us energy to get through winter’s cold days.（冬季锻炼给我们能量来度过冬天的寒冷日子。）”符合语境，承接前文解释原因。故选F。
17．根据前文“Work out with a group.（和一群人一起锻炼。）”可知，本段介绍和一群人锻炼，G项“One way to stay motivated during winter is to work out with a group or a partner.（在冬天保持动力的一个方法是和一群人或一个伙伴一起锻炼。）”符合语境，后文的“This”指代其中的“to work out with a group or a partner”。故选G。
18．根据前文“When you are working out in the winter, especially if you are exercising outdoors, keep yourself out of the cold in warm layers (层).（当你在冬天锻炼的时候，尤其是在户外锻炼的时候，穿上保暖的衣服御寒。）”和后文“Make sure the top layer keeps out the snow and rain.（确保最外面的一层衣服能挡住雪和雨。）”可知，此处讨论冬季锻炼的穿衣，衣物要具备特定的功能，D项“Your layers should be, not just warm, but dry.（你的衣服不仅要保暖，还要干燥。）”符合语境，其中的“warm”和前文的“warm layers”呼应，“dry”和后文的“keeps out the snow and rain”呼应，说明另一个功能。故选D。
19．根据后文“Doing the same type of training can be demotivating.（做同样的训练可能会让人失去动力。）”可知，此处解释重复做同样的训练的坏处，B项“Variety is important to enjoy exercise.（多样化对于享受运动很重要。）”符合语境，其中的“Variety”和前文的“Change up”呼应，强调做不同运动的好处。。故选B。
20．空处位于段首，需统领段落内容，且和前文其他段落首句同样使用祈使句。根据后文“Using phone apps, or a fitbit, or even going low tech and marking your calendar in red pen can help you visualize how you’ve progressed thus far.（使用手机应用程序，或者手环，甚至是低技术含量的东西，用红笔在日历上做标记，都能帮助你可视化到目前为止的进展情况。）”可知，本段介绍要了解运动的进展，空处会简洁地说明这一点。A项“Track your training.（跟踪你的训练。）”符合语境，其中的“Track”和后文的“track”呼应。故选A。
21．C 22．D 23．B 24．A 25．D 26．B 27．A 28．D 29．C 30．B 31．C 32．A 33．D 34．B 35．C 36．D 37．A 38．C 39．B 40．A
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了Levinson老师帮助社区生活艰难的孩子们在网上发布心愿清单并获得好心人帮助的故事。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Levinson是一个社区的老师，她知道她的年轻学生们过得很艰难——有些人无家可归，许多人挤在小房间里——所以她确保她班上的小精灵在每个假期都对他们好，帮助他们得到他们想要的礼物。A. doctor医生；B. parent父（母）；C. teacher老师；D. officer官员。根据“Levinson knew her young students”可知，Levinson是一名老师。故选C项。
22．考查形容词、副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. directly直接地；B. wrong错误的；C. secretly秘密地；D. rough艰难的。根据“some were homeless”可知，老师知道自己的学生生活艰难。have it rough“处境艰难”。故选D项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. explored探索；B. crowded挤满、塞满；C. worked工作、运转；D. wandered漫步。根据“in small rooms”可知，学生们没有良好的居住条件，许多挤满在小房间里。故选B项。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. good好的；B. polite礼貌的；C. grateful感激的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据“helping them get gifts they wanted”可知，Levinson老师确保要对这些孩子好。故选A项。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管周围都是富裕的社区，但他们的社区非常贫困，在下雨天，孩子们上学时不得不穿着垃圾袋做得衣服。A. harmonious和谐的；B. remote遥远的；C. traditional传统的；D. disadvantaged弱势的。根据“Despite being surrounded by wealthy neighborhoods”可知，尽管周围都是富裕的社区，他们的社区是弱势的、贫穷的。故选D项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. gather聚集；B. wear穿；C. design设计；D. count数。根据“trash bags when coming to school”可知，由于社区条件贫困，孩子们不得不穿垃圾袋做得衣服来上学。故选B项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在亚马逊上创造了一个简单的愿望清单：为每个学生准备一条御寒毯子。A. created创造；B. spotted发现；C. received收到；D. checked检查。根据“a simple wish list on Amazon”可知，Levinson在网站上创造了一个愿望清单。故选A项。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. house房子；B. jacket夹克衫；C. stove炉子；D. blanket毛毯。根据“to keep off the cold”可知，用来御寒的东西是毛毯。故选D项。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她解释了学生们的情况，引导任何潜在的捐赠者查看她的亚马逊愿望清单，满怀希望地点击了发送按钮，期待着最好的结果。A. rule规则；B. principle准则；C. situation情况；D. discovery发现。根据上文“some were homeless, many ____3____ in small rooms”可知，Levinson在网站解释了孩子们的情况。故选C项。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. viewer观察者；B. donor捐赠者；C. student学生；D. neighbor邻居。根据“directed any potential ____10____ towards her Amazon wish list”可知，Levinson想要找到潜在的捐赠者。故选B项。
31．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. clumsily笨拙地；B. repeatedly重复地；C. hopefully有希望地；D. proudly礼貌地。根据“expected for the best”可知，Levinson在网上带着希望点击按钮，期望获得回应。故选C项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：五分钟后，她的邻居完成了她的全部愿望。A. completed完成；B. reported报告；C. witnessed见证；D. evaluated评价、评估。根据“her neighbors ____12____ the wish in its entirety.”可知，邻居完成了她的愿望清单。故选A项。
33．考查动词（短语）词义辨析。句意：很快，全班都收到了捐赠的毯子。A. classifying分类；B. mixed with混合；C. packing打包；D. showered with大量给予。根据“the class was ____13____ donated blankets”可知，全班都收到了捐赠的毯子，be showered with“被大量给予”。故选D项。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以Levinson不断更新愿望清单。A. downloading下载；B. updating更新；C. observing观察；D. analyzing分析。根据“And just as quickly, the class was ____13____ donated blankets.”可知，看到发布愿望清单的结果，Levinson继续更新愿望清单。故选B项。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的日子里，无论她要求什么，从加利福尼亚到德克萨斯的捐助者似乎都慷慨地提供了。A. careful小心的、仔细的；B. hesitant犹豫的；C. generous慷慨的；D. welcome受欢迎的。根据“So many items poured into the school”可知，无论Levinson提出的什么愿望，都得到了满足，大家都慷慨地满足需求。故选C项。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以大量的书籍涌入学校，图书馆堆满了包裹，几个星期都无法使用。A. shelves架子；B. waste垃圾；C. paper纸；D. packages包裹。根据“So many items poured into the school that the library stood unusable for weeks”可知，书籍很多，图书馆里堆满了包裹。故选D项。
37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：新年一年只有一次，但给予是没有日历的。A. giving给予；B. thinking思考；C. forgiving原谅；D. winning获胜。根据上文描述内容可知，大家慷慨帮助捐赠物品，这是一种给予，且没有时间限制。故选A项。
38．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2022年新年，社区再次带来了礼物。A. demanding要求；B. returning返还；C. bearing携带；D. choosing选择。根据上文“So many items poured into the school that the library stood unusable for weeks, piled with ____16____.”可知，2022年新年，社区里又都是礼物。故选C项。
39．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：Levinson说：“当这样的事情发生时，每个人都会挺身而出。真是太美了。”A. pulls in进站；B. jumps in跳入、跳进；C. drops in顺便拜访；D. cuts in插嘴、插队。根据“When something like this comes up”及“It’s just beautiful.”可知，每个人都跳进来帮助有需要的孩子们这件事是美丽的。故选B项。
40．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在小孩子的世界里，最重要的是善良和体贴，寻求帮助，分享你所拥有的。A. considerate体贴的；B. confident自信的；C. energetic有活力的；D. patient耐心的。根据“being kind”可知，在小孩子的世界里，重要的是善良和体贴。故选A项。
41．at 42．its 43．introduced 44．a/one 45．brought 46．that/which 47．growth 48．have helped 49．recently 50．to conserve
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了云南对野生动植物保护的情况。
【详解】1. 考查介词。句意：根据第五全球生物多样性的《展望》报告，生物多样性正在以惊人的速度减少。表示“以……的速度/比率”，用at a/an...rate，故填at。
2. 考查代词。句意：作为中国生物多样性最丰富的省份，滇西南正在国际舞台上分享其保护策略。修饰名词短语conservation strategy，应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
3. 考查动词时态。句意：12月16日，在加拿大蒙特利尔举行的联合国生物多样性公约缔约方大会(COP15)第15次会议的会外活动上，云南省首次提出了“极小种群物种”的概念。分析句子结构可知，after后跟宾语从句，空处作宾语从句的谓语，主句谓语showcased提示此处应用过去时态，副词first后应用一般过去时态，故填introduced。
4. 考查冠词/数词。句意：“如果一些物种灭绝，我们将永远失去它们带来的未来发展机会，”省林业和草原管理局工作人员杨华（音译）说。此处a worker作“Yang Hua”的同位语，或者用one修饰，表示“一个”，故填a或one。
5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：2005年我省提出的种群数量增长指数（SESP）是一个代表物种地理分布受到限制，种群数量增长缓慢的概念。句子的谓语动词是“was”，此处为非谓语动词短语作后置定语，与其修饰的名词SESP构成动宾关系，所以用过去分词。故填brought。
6. 考查定语从句。句意：2005年我省提出的种群数量增长指数（SESP）是一个代表物种地理分布受到限制，种群数量增长缓慢的概念。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词species，指物，且从句缺少主语，用关系代词that/which引导限制性定语从句。故填that/which。
7. 考查名词。句意：2005年我省提出的种群数量增长指数（SESP）是一个代表物种地理分布受到限制，种群数量增长缓慢的概念。此处作动词“showed”的宾语，所以用名词形式growth，不可数名词，故填growth。
8. 考查动词时态。句意：从那时起，该省的保护工作帮助亚洲象的数量达到了360头左右，现在黑白金丝猴的数量已经达到了3800头。由时间状语“Ever since then”可知，谓语动词用现在完成时；主语中心词为efforts，故填have helped。
9.考查副词。句意：中国科学院昆明植物研究所昆明植物园主任孙伟邦近日表示，在过去十年的持续发展中，意大利、俄罗斯、墨西哥、伊拉克等国家都将极小种群植物作为保护本土植物的模式。修饰动词said用副词形式recently。故填recently。
10. 考查非谓语动词。句意为：中国科学院昆明植物研究所昆明植物园主任孙伟邦近来说，在过去十年的持续发展中，意大利、俄罗斯、墨西哥、伊拉克等国家都将极小种群的植物物种作为保护本土植物的模式。此处是非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词model，动词conserve和所修饰的名词model是同位关系，应用不定式用作定语，修饰名词model。故填to conserve。
51．1.in→to
2.led→lead
3.positively→positive
4.minds→mind
5.ensure→ensuring
6.should后添加be
7.删除the
8.but→and
9.me→you
10.are→is
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就缓解考试压力，保持积极提出了一些建议。
【详解】1.考查介词。句意：在考试中很容易看到的焦虑，在某种程度上可能对我们有好处。结合句意表示“在某种程度上”可知短语为to some degree。故in改为to。
2.考查动词。句意：然而，过度紧张会导致失败。情态动词can后跟动词原形。故led改为lead。
3.考查形容词。句意：幸运的是，下面是一些建议可以帮助你保持积极。remain后跟形容词positive，作表语。故positively改为positive。
4.考查固定短语。句意：首先，要记住，做好准备是确保你的努力不会白费的关键。结合句意表示“记住”可知短语为keep in mind。故minds改为mind。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意：首先，要记住，做好准备是确保你的努力不会白费的关键。ensure作介词to的宾语，应用动名词形式。故ensure改为ensuring。
6.考查主系表结构。句意：你应该乐观地对待这次考试。形容词optimistic作表语，前面应有be动词，且should后跟动词原形。故should后添加be。
7.考查固定短语。句意：此外，适当放松自己，不要总是紧张。表示“此外”短语为in addition。故删除the。
8.考查连词。句意：此外，适当放松自己，不要总是紧张。此处前后文为并列关系，应用连词and。故but改为and。
9.考查代词。句意：如果第一篇文章对你来说太难了，记住下一篇会更容易，你会做得更好。根据后文“you will do better”可知，应用代词you。故me改为you。
10.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：最后但并非最不重要的是，在考试后为自己计划一次旅行是足够好的。动名词短语“planning a trip for yourself after an exam”作主语，谓语用单数，描述事实用一般现在时。故are改为is。
52．Dear Jim,
Knowing that you’re interested in sports, I’m more than delighted to invite you to participate in our online sports meeting to be held next week.
Aiming to keep us students healthy and relaxed, our school has decided to hold this online sports meeting. The sports meeting is to be held by virtue of the APP “Ding Talk”. Each player is required to turn on their camera and finish the movements in front of it, while our PE teacher will record the time and grade them. As scheduled, a variety of activities are included, such as gymnastics, rope skipping and so on.
Looking forward to your participation.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本文是应用文。假定你是李华，你校将于下周举行线上运动会。请按提示给你班交换生Jim 写一封邮件邀请他 参加。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→glad
参加：participate in→take part in
健康的：healthy→fit
按照计划进行：As scheduled→As planned
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Aiming to keep us students healthy and relaxed, our school has decided to hold this online sports meeting.
拓展句：Our school has decided to hold this online sports meeting, whose aim is to keep us students healthy and relaxed.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Knowing that you’re interested in sports, I’m more than delighted to invite you to participate in our online sports meeting to be held next week.(运用了非谓语动词作状语和that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] Aiming to keep us students healthy and relaxed, our school has decided to hold this online sports meeting.(运用了非谓语动词作状语)
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