浙江省宁波市镇海中学2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（Word版附答案）

绝密★启用前

镇海中学2023年6月高二期末适应性考试

英  语

注意事项：

1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分  阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。

A

Exploring Italy's Timeless Treasures

Italy, a country steeped in history and beauty, is home to numerous iconic landmarks that attract millions of visitors each year. Let's start our journey to discover its most renowned attractions.

The Leaning Tower of Pisa

Constructed as a bell tower in the 12th century, it gradually leaned due to unstable ground. The sight of visitors posing to “hold up” the tower has become an iconic image, while climbing its winding stairs offers breathtaking views of the surrounding Piazza dei Miracoli.

Pompeii

Buried under volcanic ash for centuries, the ancient city of Pompeii is an extraordinary archaeological （考古的） site. Exploring its remarkably preserved ruins offers a glimpse into daily life during Roman times, making it an incredible historical destination.

The Amalfi Coast

The Amalfi Coast, a UNESCO World Heritage site, attracts the tourists with its vibrant and soft-toned Cliffside（悬崖边的） villages, such as Positano and Ravello. Visitors can taste the region's delicious cuisine, stroll along scenic paths, and enjoy the crystal-clear waters of the Mediterranean.

The Colosseum

Rome's most famous landmark, the Colosseum, is an ancient stadium that was once used for exciting fights and shows. As you step inside, imagine the cheers of the Roman crowds and marvel at the engineering marvels of the time.

Join us on this extraordinary adventure, where Italy's rich heritage comes alive and creates memories that will last a lifetime. Don't miss out on this incredible opportunity to witness the splendor of these legendary sites firsthand. Book your ticket today and let the wonders of Italy charm your senses!

1. Where can tourists see well-preserved city ruins?

A. The Leaning Tower of Pisa.         B. Pompeii.

C. The Amalfi Coast.                 D. The Colosseum.

2. What is the feature of the Colosseum?

A. It was a famous bell tower.        B. It is known for its leaning angle.

C. It has waters as clear as crystal.    D. It was the stage for thrilling battles.

3. Where is this passage most likely taken from?

A. A social media comment.         B. A travel brochure.

C. A historical book.               D. An academic paper

B

My high school English teacher used to tell us stuff like, “Learning a foreign language can change you forever.” Despite being an obvious attempt to make. us passionate about her subject, it really is true that learning a new language can change your personality.

Later, I moved from Italy to England. Here, I started speaking and writing 10 times more English than I had ever done before. The more I spoke, the more my teacher's prophecy was fulfilled. I wasn't only changing: my Italian-speaking self and my English-speaking self had become two very different individuals.

Blogging is where the signs of this effect first showed. Every time I write something in Italian, my mother tongue, it leads me to profound thoughts. When I reread my old posts, I can imagine myself drinking delicious wine and lips chanting “I Dreamed a Dream” from Les Misérables（悲惨世界）. Whenever I blog in English, on the other hand, it's a different story. I feel like my mind is experiencing wild adventures or sliding down rainbows.

This personality divide also started to show in different social situations. At Italian-speaking parties, I'm dressed in the normal black suit so I can mix up with other guests, careful not to make eye contact with strangers. Surprisingly, I don't have this problem at English-speaking parties. It's just that I feel more free, more funny whenever I speak English.

Later, I came across an interesting article from the New Republic. Over the past several decades, scientists have studied whether speaking different languages makes us any different. All their findings seem to suggest that—indeed, bilingual or trilingual people's personalities slightly differ depending on which language they are using.

But it's not the terms we know （or don't know） that shape our personalities. Maybe we can have the whole Oxford Dictionary in our brain, but it . isn't until we pour all that into the ear of someone who's willing to listen, react and respond, that language really has an impact on who we are.

4. What does the underlined word “prophecy” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A. Impact.        B. Warning.        C. Prediction.        D. Requirement.

5. How does the author feel when blogging in Italian?

A. The author feels it easy to access deep thoughts.

B. The author feels a sense of wild adventure.

C. The author feels trapped in old memories.

D. The author feels a wave of profound sadness.

6. What can we learn from the article from the New Republic?

A. The method of mastering various languages.

B. The weaknesses of multilinguals' personalities.

C. The impact of different languages on personalities.

D. Unique habits of bilingual or trilingual people.

7. What plays a decisive role in shaping our personalities when using languages?

A. Successful conversations.           B. A wide vocabulary.

C. Knowledge of difficult terms.        D. A talent for languages.

C

When you walk through a neighborhood, what do you see? In the United States, it will likely be a few trees and bushes among large areas of grassy lawns（草坪）. These big green carpets might look pretty. But a plain expanse of grass is an ecological wasteland. It's filled with just one type of plant—a species that doesn't support insects, birds or other wildlife the way a natural ecosystem would.

Lawns started in England back around the Middle Ages. At that time, most people had to grow their own food.

A big expanse of grass would serve as a display of wealth; these people could afford to have land without crops.

The grasses planted back then were native to England. They grew well with that nation's soils, ample rains and cool temperatures.

Those same grasses now cover lawns across the world, from Europe and the United States to Australia.

Although they did well in England, they're not as well adapted to places with different climates and levels of soil nutrients.

That means it can take a lot of work to maintain these yards. People tend to add fertilizers to keep their lawns green. They water regularly, because these grass species can't handle hot summers or places with little rain. People may even use chemicals to keep out weeds and pests.

All those activities use up or pollute much-needed fresh water. Both are problems, especially in the face of ongoing drought. Pesticides and fertilizers washed away by rain or watering can also harm the ecosystems in streams.

That's why a growing number of people are rethinking lawns. What does that mean? Allowing a greater variety of plants and animals to thrive in these spaces could save water, experts say. It could also reduce chemical pollution. Yards planted with more diverse species could make for healthier ecosystems with more pollination and pest control. In the end, such changes should benefit people and wildlife alike.

8. Why does the author mention large grassy lawns in paragraph 1?

A. To describe their popularity.         B. To explain their waste of money.

C. To introduce their great benefits.     D. To show their lack of plant diversity.

9. What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 4 refer to?

A. People growing various crops on their lawns.

B. Grasses native to England spreading worldwide.

C. Grasses lacking adaptation to diverse environments.

D. Grasslands being kept to show wealth and status.

10. What do people usually do to attend to their lawns?

A. Employ chemicals to kill harmful pests.        B. Plant drought-resistant native grass.

C. Adapt the grasses to different soils.            D. Avoid using artificial fertilizers on lawns.

11. What is the author's attitude towards making yards diverse?

A. Skeptical.        B. Surprised.        C. Dismissive.        D. Favorable.

D

In 1985, the world was alerted that in the atmosphere a giant hole was forming in the Earth's protective ozone（臭氧） layer. Word leaders swiftly gathered and two years later, the United Nations agreed to an the chemicals responsible for wearing away the layer that protects Earth from the sun's ultraviolet（紫外线） radiation.

Known as the Montreal Protocol（议定书）, it was a win for the ozone layer. But unknown to the world at the time, it was also about to prevent a climate disaster. As new research shows, the chemicals, known as the ODSs, are also responsible for causing 30 percent of the temperature increase we saw globally from 1955 to 2005.

The Montreal Protocol regulates nearly 100 ozone-eating chemicals, which popularized in the 1930s for mass use in refrigerators. They tend to accumulate in the atmosphere and drift wherever the wind takes them. Once they reach the stratosphere（平流层）， they begin to break down. They're “shattered by photons（光子）,” explains Dennis Hartmann, a climate scientist. That is what causes the hole in the ozone layer.

In the troposphere（对流层）—which fewer photons reach—the ODSs then serve as long-lasting greenhouse gases: Back in 1987, scientists knew ODSs trapped some solar radiation, but only recently have scientists been putting together the evidence that ODSs are actually one of the most damaging warming factors of the past half century. By banning the ODSs, the Montreal Protocol unintentionally prevented 1C of warming by 2050.

With the Montreal Protocol, world leaders came together around an urgent cause. In the process, we accidentally removed the second -largest forcer of global warming. “The unplanned benefits for the global climate”, says Susann Tegtmeier, an atmospheric scientist, “can be considered a very welcome and very positive side effect.”

While it's taken a lot more talks to begin removing the main driver of climate change—carbon dioxide—the Montreal Protocol proves the power of group action and shows how tackling environmental misery together can help us in ways we didn't expect.

12. What was the main purpose of the Montreal Protocol?

A. To ensure yearly gatherings of world leaders.     B. To prevent global temperatures from rising.

C. To ban chemicals that damage the ozone layer.    D. To stop the mass production of refrigerators.

13. Which effect might the ODSs have on the Earth?

A. Stopping global temperature rise.      B. Protecting the ozone layer.

C. Reducing greenhouse gases.          D. Making the Earth much warmer.

14. From the last two paragraphs, the author may agree that _______.

A. talks are an inefficient way to deal with climate change

B. international cooperation is vital in removing carbon dioxide

C. environmental disasters are sometimes quite unexpected

D. group actions can't avoid causing negative side effects

15. What is the most suitable title for the article?

A. Hidden Benefit: The Montreal Protocol Cooling Earth

B. Magic Chemicals: the ODSs Winning Huge Popularity

C. Ozone Crisis: Chemicals Wearing Away the Layer

D. Climbing Heat: The UN Calling for Urgent Talks

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分12. 5分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Staying alone can be both a challenging and rewarding experience. It offers a unique opportunity for self-reflection, personal growth, and independence. When we are alone, we can connect with our inner selves and discover our strengths and weaknesses.

In the quietness of being alone, we can escape the noise and distractions of the outside world. It allows us to slow down, be present, and appreciate the simple moments in life.   16   For example, we can read a book, listen to music, or pursue a hobby. Without the pressures of social interactions, we can focus on our own thoughts and feelings, gaining a deeper understanding of ourselves.

Being alone also encourages independence and problem-solving skills.   17   It teaches us adaptability as we go through challenges and uncertainties. We become more self-dependent and capable of handling various situations on our own.

   18   Taking time away from the constant demands of others allows us to focus on our own needs and refuel our energy reserves. It's important to recognize that taking time for ourselves is not selfish, but rather a necessary part of self-care. By recharging our batteries, we ultimately become more productive and fulfilled in our personal and professional lives.

   19   While staying alone can be beneficial, humans are social beings by nature. We desire companionship, support, and shared experiences. It is important to reach out to loved ones, build meaningful relationships, and engage in social activities that bring us happiness and fulfillment.

In conclusion, staying alone can be a trans formative experience.   20   Embracing the state of being alone can lead to personal growth, inner peace, and a deeper understanding of ourselves. So, let us not fear being alone but embrace it as an opportunity for self-reflection and self-empowerment.

A. Being alone can increase your sense of connection to other people.

B. In fact, there are many disadvantages to being alone.

C. We can take the time to engage in activities that bring us joy.

D. When there is no one else around to rely on, we learn to make decisions independently.

E. It enables self-entertainment, independence, and refreshment in our own company.

F. However, it is essential to strike a balance between staying alone and social connection.

G. Moreover, staying alone allows us to recharge and refresh.

第二部分  语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

The Queen's Gambit is a TV series about a chess genius inspired by a doorkeeper. Now, a（n）   21   version of The Queen's Gambit is playing out at a school in Maine.

David Bishop   22   the school day as a full- time doorkeeper, but after work, he grabs his chess boards and begins his second   23   : part- time chess coach.

The 61- year- old doorkeeper has   24   both elementary and middle school teams to state championship titles this year. One of his players, 11- year- old Avery Zhang,   25   the state champion for grades K-5 this year.

   26   Mr. Bishop enjoyed chess and was good at it, he didn't join his high school chess club,   27   he would be labelled as a nerd（呆子）. These days, thanks to the growing   28   of chess after The Queen's Gambit, those stereotypes（刻板印象） no longer apply.

But unlike the TV series' doorkeeper, Bishop is   29   not just one girl but dozens of kids of all skill levels and backgrounds. His one worry is that there aren't as many girls   30   chess. There's only one female on his middle school champion team right now. He's hoping to   31   that situation by getting kids into the   32   at earlier ages.

Bishop also emphasizes to his young players that chess is about   33   winning. “I tell my kids that chess   34   your life,” he told the Daily News, “Whether in life or in chess, if you work hard. if you're not discouraged by failure, you will be   35   .”

21. A. all-out          B. real-life           C. high-quality        D. long-lasting

22. A. plans           B. needs             C. views             D. spends

23. A. chance          B. victory            C. role              D. skill

24. A. invited          B. coached           C. assigned          D. exposed

25. A. became         B. contacted          C. witnessed          D. found

26. A. Because         B. Unless            C. While             D. Since

27. A. hoping          B. proving           C. regretting          D. worrying

28. A. freedom         B. appeal            C. standard           D. demand

29. A. appointing       B. informing         C. helping            D. advocating

30. A. taking up        B. hearing about      C. majoring in         D. dealing with

31. A. maintain         B. support           C. analyze           D. change

32. A. game           B. contest            C. school            D. career

33. A. rather than       B. other than         C. more than          D. less than

34. A. controls         B. tolerates           C. protects           D. mirrors

35. A. optimistic        B. successful         C. ambitious         D. professional

第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Park Hyalt Ningbo drew us to visit this city in China that we may otherwise have not yet discovered. We planned to book a First Class ticket to Ningbo but when   36   tickets for that cabin were sold out, we chose Business Class. We had no knowledge about   37   the train cabins and seats would look like, so we were more than   38   （pleasant） surprised to see that as we boarded the train. Inside, the spacious leather seats   39   （surround） by a hard shell which gives a small feeling of   40   （private）.

We enjoyed traveling the CRH in Business so much   41   we decided to book the same class ticket   42   our trip back to Shanghai on our return. This time however when we boarded the train there was a small automatic door to our left and the cabin had only 9 Business Class seats. This   43   （small） cabin felt much more private. The ride was smooth and peaceful. There was also a train attendant   44   came around with water, juice and a light snack. It was great to have so much space for our luggage as well.

This is one of those cases where it really made sense for us to spend a little bit more for a far better experience.

If we find ourselves   45   （board）a CRH train again in the future, I would choose the Business Class ticket again.

第三部分  写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（满分15分）

假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Chris正在学习汉语，请你给他写一封电子邮件推荐英语短视频系列Chinese Idiom Stories（中华成语故事），内容包括：1. 写信目的；2. 推荐理由；3. 期待观后交流。

参考词汇：短视频short video

注意：

1. 词数80左右；

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

第二节（满分25分）

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

I started reading to myself, as well as out loud to Mother and other family members, between the ages of three and four. By the time I turned five, I was reading “chapter books,” like the Bobbsey Twins. I read whenever books came my way, usually by my mother taking me to the town's small but book-packed library on Saturdays. Along my journey as a reader, there were other helping hands that develop my love for books-Mrs. Eleanor Harrison, my first-grade teacher.

When I started first grade, making friends became a challenge for me. My rich vocabulary made me easy to be labeled as a bookworm（书呆子）, causing other children to shy away from playing with me. My mother explained that there would be “stuff” I already knew while others didn't. Reading was one such skill—I could read while none of my classmates were able to. Therefore, when we moved to a new city, and I found myself in a new school, l decided to pretend that I didn't know many words either, just to fit in.

On the first day of school, my mother walked me there and introduced herself to Mrs. Harrison, my new teacher. After that, I walked to school and back home by myself. However, around a month later, something significant happened. One afternoon, when I came home from school, my mother told me that my teacher, Mrs.

Harrison, had called and wanted to have a meeting with her. I immediately asked if I was in trouble since I had only heard of teachers calling parents when there was all issue.

“She didn't say so,” responded Mother, as thoughts raced through my mind, “She said she wanted to talk to me about you.” Mother pulled me to their -one of her healing hugs. I trusted my mother. I knew she loved me. I blurted out, “So, you think this will have a 'happily ever after' ending?” Mother kissed me on the top of my head, just as she often did, and smiled saying, “Yes. I'm sure it will be alright.”

注意：

1. 续写词数应为150左右；

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

参考答案

第一节（共15个小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）

1-3 BDB    4-7 CACA    8-11 DCAD    12-15 CDBA

第二节（共5个小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）

16-20 CDGFE

第三部分  语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节：完形填空（共15个小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

21-25 BDCBA   26-30 CDBCA     31-35 DACDB

第二节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）