浙江省宁波市九校2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期末联考试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份浙江省宁波市九校2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期末联考试题（Word版附解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了 C等内容，欢迎下载使用。

宁波市2022年第一学期期末九校联考 高二英语试题
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节：(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What time was the woman supposed to arrive?
A. At 9: 15 B. At 9: 30. C. At 9: 45.
2. What is Rachel going to do this Wednesday?
A. Go to a wedding. B. Have a birthday party. C. Go to a graduation party.
3. What is the man?
A. A poet. B. A teacher. C. A reporter.
4. What match is the man watching now?
A. Diving. B. Swimming. C. Table tennis.
5. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At a hotel. B. In a restaurant. C. At the airport.
第二节：(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Buying some furniture. B. Making use of space. C. Preparing for a party.
7. What are the speakers going to put in the room?
A. Some flowers. B. Some tables. C. Some candles.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Why does the woman look great?
A. Because she often works out.
B. Because she is always strict with herself.
C. Because she takes work home daily.
9. What does Anna do?
A. A chef. B. A boss. C. A trainer.
10. What does the man plan to do next Monday?
A. Finish his project. B. Take yoga courses. C. Attend a lecture.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the man doing now?
A. Having a holiday. B. Looking for a hotel. C. Booking a ticket.
12. Which of the following will the man choose?
A. Ocean Waves Resort. B. Farmhouse Getaways. C. Sparkling Springs.
13. Where is the parking lot of the hotel?
A. Opposite the hospital. B. At the end of the road. C. Near the river.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What’s BT1?
A. A subway. B. A highway. C. A high-speed train.
15. What advantages does China have over Britain in high-speed train projects?
A. Lower cost and faster speed of completion.
B. Smarter design and better quality.
C. Less labour and potential problems.
16. What does the man think of Chinese projects?
A. Average. B. Frightening. C. Impressive.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What does the speaker mainly talk about?
A. Three types of travel.
B. The pros and cons of travel.
C. The advantages of solo travel.
18. Which of the following does the speaker mention?
A. Travelling with companions lowers the costs.
B. Travelling alone means more moments of loneliness.
C. Being a solo traveller makes it easier to make friends.
19. Who is Charlotte Kelly?
A. A retired programmer.
B. A host of the radio show.
C. A guest on next week’s show.
20. What will be talked about next time?
A. Ideal destinations for solo travellers.
B. How to build confidence and social skills.
C. Ways to make friends during solo travel.
第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节：(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A

Founded in 1887, The Writer aims to expand and support the work of professional writers with a straightforward presentation of industry information, writing instruction and professional and personal motivation. If you’re passionate about books, authors, and writing, you’ll find everything you need within our pages 12 times a year.
Our editors are interested in query letters(投稿信) on concrete topics written by emerging and experienced writers. We are looking for clear takeaway for our readers: What can they learn to improve their writing or advance their careers? What specific how-to tips and strategies will accomplish this?
In addition to a fleshed-out outline of your story idea and an estimated word count, queries should include a brief description of your background. For personal essays, we prefer writers to attach or paste the finished piece in their query email. We do not accept material that has been previously published in any form in print or online.
Queries should be sent by e-mail to tweditorial@madavor.com. All queries sent to any other address will be deleted.
Unfortunately, we receive hundreds of letters every week and cannot respond to all of them. If you haven’t heard from us in two weeks, please feel free to move your submission(投稿)to another publication. If you’re unfamiliar with our magazine, we recommend reading a few issues, subscribing, or at least signing up for our newsletter to get a feel for the kind of work we publish.
Article lengths vary widely from 300 to 3,000 words.
We prefer electronic queries. Please do not mail queries.
Payment varies.
Thank you for considering a submission to The Writer magazine, the voice of imagination, creation, and publication since 1887.

1. According to the passage The Writer magazine .
A. provides practical suggestions on a writing career.
B. responds to all the query letters from the readers.
C. introduces successful writers and their works only.
D. prefers handwritten queries to electronic ones.
2. When sending a query letter, a contributor must .
A. answer the three questions first
B. attach a printed version of the story
C. include a brief self-introduction
D. subscribe to the magazine
3. What is this passage mainly about?
A. Magazine recommendations. B. Submission guidelines.
C. Published stories. D. Subscription information.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要是关于给杂志The Writer投稿的指南。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Founded in 1887, The Writer aims to expand and support the work of professional writers with a straightforward presentation of industry information, writing instruction and professional and personal motivation.”（成立于1887年，作家的目的是扩大和支持专业作家的工作，直接介绍行业信息，写作指导和专业和个人的动机。）可知，杂志The Writer会提供写作指导。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“In addition to a fleshed-out outline of your story idea and an estimated word count, queries should include a brief description of your background.”（除了对你故事想法有一个充实的大纲和一个估计的字数，投稿信也应该包括你的背景的简短描述。）可知，投稿信需要包含简要的个人简介。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，文章第一段简要的地介绍了杂志The Writer的相关信息，进而接下来的内容中提到了投稿信需要注意的细节。黑体字“We prefer electronic queries. Please do not mail queries.”（我们更喜欢电子投稿。请不要邮寄投稿。）最后一段中“Thank you for considering a submission to The Writer magazine”（感谢您考虑给杂志The Writer投稿），可知，文章主要是关于给杂志The Writer投稿的指南。故选B。
B
McDonald’s is partnering with the White House to promote vaccination(疫苗接种)information on its coffee cups as hesitancy grows about taking the potentially life-saving shot.
Beginning in July, customers in the United States will see redesigned McCafe cups and delivery seal stickers that features “We Can Do This”，a slogan(口号)created by the US Department of Health and Human Services to promote vaccine confidence. It also includes a website address (vaccines.gov) that directs people to nearby appointments and safety information.
The promotion will last several weeks and the slogan will be printed on roughly 50 million cups. Prior to that, McDonald’s said its billboard in New York’s Times Square location will also display vaccine information beginning in mid-May. “We all want to protect ourselves and our loved ones and be together with our communities again,” said Genna Gent, McDonald’s USA vice president for global public policy and government relations. Xavier Becerra, the Health and Human Services secretary, said, “The public-private partnership will help more people make informed decisions about their health and learn about steps they can take to protect themselves and their communities.” McDonald’s wasn’t paid by the government for this promotion, according to a person familiar with the campaign.
The “We Can Do This” campaign was announced in March and aimed at encouraging hesitant Americans to get vaccinated. In a Kaiser Family Foundation survey, 47% of people who say they want to “wait and see” before being vaccinated said paid time off to get it would make them more likely to do so, and 39% said a financial allowance of $200 from their employer would work. The US vaccination rate has declined from its peak last month, pushing officials to work out new ideas to further encourage the cautious, hesitant and inaccessible to get vaccinated. So far, more than 150 million people in the US have received at least one dose(剂量) of the vaccine.
4. Why does McDonald’s redesign its Mc Cafe cups?
A. To promote its coffee sales.
B. To encourage people to get vaccined.
C. To raise public safety awareness.
D. To bid for government investment.
5. What do we know about the McDonald’s campaign?
A. The slogan is to be displayed in mid-May.
B. The government provides financial support.
C. McDonald’s doubles its efforts for public health.
D. McDonald’s assists people in making appointments.
6. What can be inferred about the vaccination rate?
A. Employers can play a vital part.
B. Government efforts were in vain.
C. People’s busy work slows it down.
D. Next month will witness an increase.
7. Where is the text probably taken from?
A. A government document. B. An advertisement.
C. A tourist brochure. D. A newspaper.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。麦当劳正在与白宫合作，在其咖啡杯上推广疫苗接种信息，通过此种行为，鼓励人们去接种疫苗。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“McDonald’s is partnering with the White House to promote vaccination(疫苗接种)information on its coffee cups as hesitancy grows about taking the potentially life-saving shot.”（麦当劳正与白宫合作，在其咖啡杯上推广疫苗接种信息，因为人们对接种这种可能挽救生命的疫苗越来越犹豫不决。）麦当劳在其咖啡杯上推广疫苗接种信息，可推知重新设计其咖啡杯是为了鼓励人们接种疫苗。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The promotion will last several weeks and the slogan will be printed on roughly 50 million cups. Prior to that, McDonald’s said its billboard in New York’s Times Square location will also display vaccine information beginning in mid-May. “We all want to protect ourselves and our loved ones and be together with our communities again,” said Genna Gent, McDonald’s USA vice president for global public policy and government relations. ”（宣传活动将持续数周，口号将印在大约5000万个杯子上。在此之前，麦当劳表示，它在纽约时代广场的广告牌也将从5月中旬开始显示疫苗信息。麦当劳美国分公司负责全球公共政策和政府关系的副总裁根特(Genna Gent)说：“我们都想保护自己和我们所爱的人，再次与我们的社区团结在一起。”）可推知，麦当劳为了公共卫生的安全做出了积极地努力。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“In a Kaiser Family Foundation survey, 47% of people who say they want to “wait and see” before being vaccinated said paid time off to get it would make them more likely to do so, and 39% said a financial allowance of $200 from their employer would work. ”（在 Kaiser 家庭基金会的一项调查中，47% 的人说他们想在接种疫苗之前“等等看”，而带薪休假会让他们更有可能（接种疫苗）；39% 的人说雇主给他们200美元的经济补贴会起作用。）可知，在接种疫苗问题上，人们犹豫的缘由在于经济拮据，而雇主若提供带薪休假或经济补贴则会让人们愿意去接种。所以雇主是可以发挥至关重要的作用。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段“McDonald’s is partnering with the White House to promote vaccination(疫苗接种)information on its coffee cups as hesitancy grows about taking the potentially life-saving shot.”（麦当劳正与白宫合作，在其咖啡杯上推广疫苗接种信息，因为人们对接种这种可能挽救生命的疫苗越来越犹豫不决。）可知，麦当劳正在与白宫合作，在其咖啡杯上推广疫苗接种信息，通过此种行为，鼓励人们去接种疫苗。因而文章属于新闻报道，所以文章最有可能在报纸上看到。故选D。
C
A stuffy nose is usually nothing to worry about; it’s mostly just uncomfortable, with varying symptoms. “For some people, it’s having something sticky in the nose or a feeling that the airways are blocked and there’s a declining sense of smell.” says Dr. Ahmad Sedaghat, a director of Rhinology at the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine.
Actually, COVID-19 might cause a stuffy nose in some cases, although it wasn’t on the original list of COVID symptoms. Classic symptoms of the SARS-CoV-2 initial variant(变体)included fever, a cough, body aches and pains, shortness of breath and a loss of taste and smell-without a stuffy nose. However, the Delta variant is different. It’s often associated with symptoms of a common cold, like a stuffy or runny nose and sore throat. But there is something that needs to keep in mind.
One is that the Delta variant still results in the loss of taste and smell, and it’s far-reaching. Sedaghat says that’s because the COVID virus can infect the taste buds. “When you lose smell with a stuffy nose, you can still taste sweet, salty, bitter or sour. But that ability is wiped out with COVID. There’s no taste at all.” he says.
The other to consider in distinguishing COVID from a stuffy nose: vaccination(接种疫苗)，accompanying symptoms and health history. “If you’re fully vaccinated against COVID and you have a known history of allergies, then a stuffy nose without any other symptoms is likely allergies. If you’re not vaccinated, we are less sure. But anyone who’s had a potential exposure to someone with COVID should be monitored closely.” Sedaghat advises.
8. What is the distinction between the SARS-CoV-2 variant and the Delta variant?
A. A stuffy nose.
B. The chance of recovery.
C. The loss of taste.
D. The death rate.
9. What is typical of COVID virus according to Paragraph 3?
A. It leads to breathing problems.
B. It causes high fever eventually.
C. It has the same symptoms as flu.
D. It gives rise to a total loss of taste.
10. How is the last paragraph developed?
A. By analyzing cause and effect.
B. By making assumptions and reasoning.
C. By listing examples.
D. By comparing data.
11. Which of the following can be the best title for this text?
A. How to Deal with Stuffy Nose
B. The Research on COVID-19
C. Stuffy Nose and COVID-19
D. Ways to Identify Virus Variants
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇说明文。鼻塞是一种常见现象，文章讲述了因新冠病毒和德尔塔变体而引起的鼻塞和相关症状，以及与其它原因所造成的鼻塞之间的区别。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Classic symptoms of the SARS-CoV-2 initial variant(变体)included fever, a cough, body aches and pains, shortness of breath and a loss of taste and smell-without a stuffy nose. ”（SARS-CoV-2初始变体的经典症状包括发烧、咳嗽、身体疼痛、呼吸短促以及味觉和嗅觉丧失—但没有鼻塞。）可知，SARS-CoV-2 变体没有鼻塞症状；结合第二段“It’s often associated with symptoms of a common cold, like a stuffy or runny nose and sore throat. ”（它通常与普通感冒的症状有关，比如鼻塞或流鼻涕和喉咙痛。）可知，Delta变体有鼻塞症状，所以二者的区别在于鼻塞。故选A。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“that’s because the COVID virus can infect the taste buds.”（这是因为新冠病毒可以感染味蕾。）和“But that ability is wiped out with COVID. There’s no taste at all.”（但这种能力在新冠中消失了，一点味道都没有了。）可知，新冠病毒可以感染味蕾，造成味觉的完全消失，这是它的典型特征。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“If you’re fully vaccinated against COVID and you have a known history of allergies, then a stuffy nose without any other symptoms is likely allergies. If you’re not vaccinated, we are less sure. ”（如果你完全接种了新冠疫苗，并且有已知的过敏史，那么没有任何其他症状的鼻塞可能是过敏。如果你没有接种疫苗，我们就不太确定了。）可知，这是用了假设的方式；由“But anyone who’s had a potential exposure to someone with COVID should be monitored closely.”（但任何与新冠患者有潜在接触的人都应该密切监测。）可知，这是用了推理的方式；所以最后一段是以假设和推理的方式展开的。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段首句“A stuffy nose is usually nothing to worry about”（鼻塞通常没什么好担心的）和第二段“Actually, COVID-19 might cause a stuffy nose in some cases”（事实上，新冠病毒在某些情况下可能会导致鼻塞）并结合全文可知，本文主要讲述的是新冠病毒引起的鼻塞和相关症状，以及与其它原因引起的鼻塞之间的区分；本文的关键词就是“stuffy nose”和“COVID-19”。故选C。
D
A new study combining linguistic, genetic and archaeological evidence has traced the origins of the family of languages including modern Japanese, Korean, Turkish and Mongolian and the people who speak them to millet (粟) farmers who inhabited a region in northeastern China about 9,000 years ago．
The findings detailed on Wednesday document a shared genetic ancestry for the hundreds of millions of people who speak what the researchers call Transeurasian languages across an area stretching more than 8,000 kilometers.
The findings illustrate how humankind’s embrace of agriculture following the Ice Age powered the movements of some of the world’s major language families. Millet was an important early crop as hunter-gatherers transitioned to an agricultural lifestyle.
There are 98 Transeurasian languages. This language family’s beginnings were traced to millet farmers in the Liao River valley, an area including parts of the Chinese provinces of Liaoning and Jilin and the region of Inner Mongolia. As these farmers moved across northeastern Asia, the descendant languages spread north and west into Siberia and east into Korea and over the sea to Japan over thousands of years.
The research stressed the complex beginnings for modern populations and cultures.
“Accepting that the roots of one’s language, culture or people lie beyond the present national boundaries is a kind of surrender of identity, which some people are not yet prepared to make,” said comparative linguist Martine Robbeets, lead author of the study published in the journal Nature.
“Powerful nations such as Japan, Korea and China are often pictured as representing one language, one culture and one genetic profile. But a truth is that all languages, cultures and humans, including those in Asia, are mixed,” Robbeets added.
The origins of modem Chinese languages arose independently, though in a similar fashion, with millet also involved. While the ancestors of the Transeurasian languages grew millet in the Liao River valley, the originators of the Sino-Tibetan language family farmed millet at roughly the same time in China’s Yellow River region, paving the way for a separate language expansion.
12. What is the new study mainly about?
A. The migration routes of millet farmers.
B. The ancient origins of a large language family.
C. The different ancestries of Transeurasian speakers.
D. The shared features of some neighboring languages.
13. What fueled the spread of Transeurasian languages?
A. The transition of power. B. The diversity of lifestyles.
C. The interaction of cultures. D. The adoption of farming.
14. According to Robbeets, who may feel uncomfortable about the new findings?
A. Those from agricultural countries.
B. Those who deny their cultural identity.
C. Those with a strong sense of nationalism.
D. Those who are afraid to cross boundaries.
15. What is the main function of the last paragraph?
A. To draw a conclusion.
B. To present likely consequences.
C. To highlight the theme.
D. To offer additional information.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【分析】本篇是说明文，主要讲了发表在《自然》期刊上的一项最新研究发现，包括日语，韩语，土耳其语和蒙古语在内的泛欧亚语系起源于9000年前的中国东北。农业的发展推动了语言的传播。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。由第一段“A new study combining linguistic, genetic and archaeological evidence has traced the origins of the family of languages including modern Japanese, Korean, Turkish and Mongolian and the people who speak them to millet (粟) farmers who inhabited a region in northeastern China about 9,000 years ago”（一项结合语言学、遗传学和考古学证据的新研究追溯了现代日语、韩语、土耳其语和蒙古语等语言家族的起源，以及与居住在中国东北地区约 9000 年前的黍农民说这些语言的人）可知，第一段主要讲了一支大语族的古代起源。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。由第三自然段第一句话“The findings illustrate how humankind’s embrace of agriculture following the Ice Age powered the movements of some of the world’s major language families.”（研究结果说明了人类在冰河时代之后对农业的接受如何推动了世界上一些主要语系的运动。）可知，是农业推动了世界主要语系的发展。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。由第六段“Accepting that the roots of one’s language, culture or people lie beyond the present national boundaries is a kind of surrender of identity, which some people are not yet prepared to make,”（接受一个人的语言、文化或民族的根源超出目前的国界是一种身份的放弃，有些人还没有准备好）可知，他认为承认自己的语言，文化或祖先来自境外，是一种身份的屈服，有些人接受不了。在四个选项中强烈的民族主义者比较符合这个群体画像。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段“The origins of modem Chinese languages arose independently, though in a similar fashion,”（现代汉语的起源以类似的方式独立出现）可知，最后一段主要讲了现代汉语的起源，从最后一段可知汉藏语系和泛欧亚语系是独立的。而前文主要探讨的是泛欧亚语系，所以这里是补充额外信息。故选D。
第二节：(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How much time do you spend doing research before you make a decision? There are people who go over every detail exhaustively before making a choice. ____16____ Psychologists call this way of thinking a cognitive bias (偏见), a tendency toward a specific mental mistake.
To study “jumping”, we examined decision-making patterns among more than 600 people from the general population. We found that jumpers made more errors than non-jumpers on problems that require thoughtful analysis. ____17____ In a quiz about US civics, they overestimated the chance that their answers were right significantly more than other participants did—even when their answers were wrong.
So what is behind “jumping”?Psychological researchers commonly distinguish between two pathways of thought: automatic system, which reflects ideas that come to the mind easily, spontaneously and without effort, and controlled system including conscious and effortful reasoning. Jumpers and nonjumpers are equally influenced by automatic thoughts. ____18____
It is the controlled system that helps people counter balance mental biases introduced by the automatic system. As a result, jumpers were more likely to accept the conclusions made at first blush without further questioning. A lack of controlled thinking is also more broadly connected to their problematic beliefs and faulty reasoning.
____19____ A method called metacognitive training can be used to target their biases, which can help people think more deliberatively. In this training, participants are confronted with their own biases. They can learn about the missteps and other ways of thinking through the problem at hand. It helps to chip away at participants’ overconfidence.
In everyday life, the question of whether we should think things through or instead go with our gut is a frequent and important one. ____20____ Sometimes the most important decision we make can be to take some more time before making a choice.
A. Happily, there may be some hope for jumpers.
B. Also, jumpers had problems with overconfidence.
C. But a fair number of individuals are quick to jump to conclusions.
D. It is certainly possible for them to overthink things to take a decision.
E. We plan to continue the work to trace other problems introduced by jumping.
F. The jumpers, however, did not engage in controlled reasoning to the same degree as non-jumpers.
G. Recent studies show that even gathering just a little bit more evidence may help us avoid a major mistake.
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. F 19. A 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出相较于按照直觉行事，深思熟虑对我们更有帮助。但一种叫元认知训练的方法可以帮助那些急于得出结论的人。
【16题详解】
根据上文“How much time do you spend doing research before you make a decision? There are people who go over every detail exhaustively before making a choice. （你在做决定之前花了多少时间做研究？有些人在做出选择之前会仔细考虑每一个细节）”结合下文提到了jumper“急于得出结论的人”可知，呼应上文仔细考虑每一个细节的人，空处应提出另一种人——急于得出结论的人。C项“但相当一部分人很快就会得出结论”符合题意，与上文内容形成对比。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据上文“We found that jumpers made more errors than non-jumpers on problems that require thoughtful analysis.（我们发现，在需要深思熟虑分析的问题上，急于得出结论的人比仔细思考的人犯的错误更多）”和下文“In a quiz about US civics, they overestimated the chance that their answers were right significantly more than other participants did—even when their answers were wrong.（在一次关于美国公民的测验中，他们大大高估了自己答案正确的几率——即使他们的答案是错误的）”推知，急于得出结论的人不仅容易犯错，而且过于自信，即使在答案是错误的情况下还高估答案正确的几率。B项“此外，急于得出结论的人也有过度自信的问题”符合题意，呈上启下。故选B。
【18题详解】
空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“automatic system, which reflects ideas that come to the mind easily, spontaneously and without effort, and controlled system including conscious and effortful reasoning. Jumpers and nonjumpers are equally influenced by automatic thoughts. （自动系统，反映容易、自发且无需努力就能进入大脑的想法，以及控制系统，包括有意识和轻松的推理。急于得出结论的人和仔细思考者同样受到自动思维的影响）”可知，两类人都受到自动思维的影响。但因为是两种不同的人，因此他们在受影响的程度，或思维模式方面可能有所不同。F项“然而，急于得出结论的人并没有像仔细思考者那样进行控制推理”符合题意，承接上文，指出了他们的不同之处。故选F。
【19题详解】
空处位于段首，应开启下文。根据下文“A method called metacognitive training can be used to target their biases, which can help people think more deliberatively. In this training, participants are confronted with their own biases. They can learn about the missteps and other ways of thinking through the problem at hand. It helps to chip away at participants’ overconfidence.（一种叫做元认知训练的方法可以用来针对他们的偏见，这可以帮助人们更慎重地思考。在这个培训中，参与者要面对自己的偏见。他们可以学习到错误的地方和思考问题的其他方法。它有助于消除参与者的过度自信）”可知，有方法帮助急于得出结论的人克服他们的问题，消除过度自信。A项“幸运的是，急于得出结论者可能还有一些希望”符合题意。故选A。
【20题详解】
根据上文“In everyday life, the question of whether we should think things through or instead go with our gut is a frequent and important one.（在日常生活中，我们是应该深思熟虑，还是按照直觉行事，这是一个常见而重要的问题）”和下文“Sometimes the most important decision we make can be to take some more time before making a choice.（有时候，我们做出的最重要决定可能要做出选择之前多花些时间）”可知，相较于按照直觉行事，深思熟虑对我们更有帮助。G项“最近的研究表明，即使只收集了一点更多的证据，也可以帮助我们避免重大错误”符合题意。故选G。
第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节：完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
After graduation, I decided to take the gym seriously. Accompanied by a friend, I ___21___ a routine of walking on the treadmill (跑步机). I was ___22___ with our routine in the gym. My friend, however, became bored.
One day, he suggested that we ___23___ an outdoor sport. I was an uncoordinated (动作不协调的) person, so I ___24___ his idea.
But several weeks later, he managed to ___25___ me to step onto an outdoor racquetball (美式壁球) court. When I hit the ball, I sent it flying in every direction except the direction that I had ___26___. Still, somehow, I tried hard to learn it and became ___27___ after constantly practicing.
“We’re not getting enough ___28___ on the treadmill. Why not play tennis to build up our body?” suggested my friend.
“Tennis? I can’t play tennis! That ___29___ real skills!” I firmly resisted his new ___30___
Nevertheless, weeks later, I started playing tennis. After several months of painful practice, one day, as the ball came flying towards me, my racket and the ball met in what tennis players ___31___ as the “sweet spot”. I had ___32___ learned how to play tennis properly!
I learned an extremely valuable ___33___ from these experiences: I can do whatever I set my mind on. I just need to put in efforts, and the results will ___34___ And I become quite ___35___ about trying new things and I’m always filled with a sense of excitement.
21 A. began B. changed C. quit D. delayed
22. A. disappointed B. familiar C. content D. careful
23. A. show off B. take up C. keep off D. finish with
24. A. opposed B. supported C. highlighted D. understood
25. A. remind B. allow C. expect D. persuade
26. A. imagined B. intended C. agreed D. found
27. A. considerate B. cautious C. skeptical D. skillful
28. A. exercise B. entertainment C. movement D. experience
29. A. assesses B. preserves C. improves D. involves
30. A. method B. chance C. attempt D. assistance
31. A. refer to B. think of C. make up D. set down
32. A. occasionally B. formally C. eventually D. frequently
33. A. concept B. lesson C. theory D. criterion
34. A. respond B. remain C. follow D. help
35. A. hesitant B. enthusiastic C. particular D. flexible
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者原本认为自己身体不协调，不适合运动，但通过自己不断坚持和尝试，慢慢爱上并熟练。作者通过这些经历中学到了极其宝贵的一课：作者可以做任何他下定决心做的事。只需要付出努力，结果就会随之而来。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一位朋友的陪同下，我开始了在跑步机上行走的例行活动。A. began开始；B. changed更改；C. quit放弃；D. delayed延迟。由前文“I decided to take the gym seriously”可知，这里作者“开始”从跑步开始锻炼。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对我们在健身房的日常生活感到满意。 A. disappointed感到失望的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. content满意的；D. careful仔细的。由后文“My friend, however, became bored.”可知，however这里表转折，说明作者对自己的健身很“满意”。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：一天，他建议我们做一项户外运动。A. show off炫耀；B. take up占据，开始从事；C. keep off远离；D. finish with以...结束。由后文“step onto an outdoor racquetball court”可知，这里应是建议作者“从事”一项户外运动。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我是一个不协调的人，所以我反对他的想法。A. opposed反对；B. supported支持；C. highlighted突出；D. understood理解。由前文“I was an uncoordinated person”可知，作者认为自己不协调，所以应该是“反对”这建议了。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但几周后，他设法说服我踏上户外壁球场。A. remind提醒；B. allow允许；C. expect预期；D. persuade劝说，说服。由前文“I 　　4　　his idea.”以及这里But 表转折可知，最后作者朋友还是“说服”他了。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我击球时，我把球往各个方向飞去，除了我想要的方向。A. imagined想象；B. intended打算，预想；C. agreed同意；D. found发现。由前文“I was an uncoordinated person”可知，球并没有按作者“预想”方向飞去。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，不知怎的，我还是努力学习，在不断练习之后变得熟练。A. considerate体贴的；B. cautious谨慎的；C. skeptical怀疑的；D. skillful熟练的。由前文“I tried hard to learn it”可知，经过作者努力后，最终变得“熟练”了。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在跑步机上没有得到足够的锻炼。A. exercise练习，锻炼；B. entertainment娱乐；C. movement移动；D. experience经验。由后文“Why not play tennis to build up our body”可知，作者朋友觉得跑步机“锻炼”量不够，所以建议打网球。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：网球？我不会打网球！那需要真正的技巧！A. assesses评估；B. preserves保存；C. improves改善；D. involves需要。由后文“my racket and the ball met in what tennis players 　　11　as the ‘sweet spot’”可知，打网球需要技巧。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我坚决抵制他的新尝试。A. method方法；B. chance机会；C. attempt尝试；D. assistance帮助。由前文“suggested my friend”可知，作者这里抵抗朋友“尝试”打网球的建议。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：经过几个月的痛苦练习后，有一天，当球向我飞来时，我的球拍和球在网球运动员称之为“最佳位置”的地方相遇了。A. refer to参考，指的是；B. think of想想；C. make up组成；D. set down制定。由后文“the ‘sweet spot’”可知，作者这里指称为“最佳位置”的球技，refer to as表“称为”，为固定搭配。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我终于学会了如何正确地打网球！A. occasionally偶尔地；B. formally正式地；C. eventually最终地；D. frequently频繁地。由前文“as the ball came flying towards me, my racket and the ball met in what tennis players 　11　 as the‘sweet spot’. ”可知，作者“最终”学会了打网球。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从这些经历中学到了极其宝贵的一课。A. concept.概念；B. lesson课，教训；C. theory理论；D. criterion标准。由后文“I can do whatever I set my mind on. ”可知，作者从这次经历学到了“一课”。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只需要付出努力，结果就会随之而来。A. respond回应；B. remain保持；C. follow跟随；D. help帮助。由前文“I just need to put in efforts”可知，只要付出努力，（好的）结果将“跟随”而来。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对尝试新事物充满热情，我总是充满兴奋感。A. hesitant犹豫不决的；B. enthusiastic热情的；C. particular特别的；D. flexible灵活的。由后文“I’m always filled with a sense of excitement.”可知，作者对尝试新鲜事物充满“热情”。故选B项。
第Ⅱ卷
第二节：(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
When it finally opened in February 2022, Dubai’s new Museum of the Future was already one of the city’s favorite ___36___ (build). And how could it not be? For six years, residents and visitors alike had watched curiously every step of the construction process of this shimmering silver landmark ___37___ (locate) on Dubai’s main highway, Sheikh Zayed Road.
The geometric skeleton really began to take shape when the calligraphy-covered metal plates ___38___
(add). Once in place, a team of workers abseiled down the curved sides ___39___ a daily basis, drawing gazes and phone cameras, with everyone wondering just exactly ___40___ they were doing.
Upon opening, Dubai’s ruler Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum declared the 77-meter-high stainless steel torus “the most beautiful building in the world,” ___41___ Architectural Digest called it “___42___ instant (and highly Instagrammable) icon.”
“I knew it could be designed because it’s ___43___ (basic) like an egg, and an egg is a very strong form,” the designer Killa says, adding that throughout the ages, ___44___ (start) with the Pyramids in Giza and the Pantheon in Rome, many of the world’s greatest buildings were at the limits of the technology of their day. And with all the boundary-pushing technological advancements used by Killa to bring the building to life, the Museum of the Future ___45___ (bring) the future of architecture to life in the Dubai of today.
【答案】36. buildings
37. located
38. were added
39. on 40. what
41. and 42. an
43. basically
44 starting
45. has brought
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了迪拜新的未来博物馆的设计理念和对新技术的应用。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：当迪拜新的未来博物馆最终于2022年2月开放时，它已经是这座城市最受欢迎的建筑之一。分析句意再根据空格前的形容词favorite可知，此处应该用提示词的名词形式，且one of后面应该加名词复数形式。故填buildings。
【37题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：六年来，这座闪闪发光的银色地标位于迪拜的主要高速公路谢赫扎耶德路(Sheikh Zayed Road)，居民和游客都好奇地关注着建筑过程的每一步。be located+介词为固定用法，本句为过去分词作定语。故填located。
【38题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：当加上书法覆盖的金属板时，几何骨架真正开始成形。根据上文的began可知，本句的时态是一般过去时；再分析句意可知，metal plates和add之间是被动关系，所以此处用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语metal plates是复数名词所以被动词用were。故填were added。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：就位后，每天一队工人沿着弯曲的侧面滑下，他们都吸引着人们的目光和手机镜头，每个人都想知道他们到底在做什么。根据下文的basis可知，此处用介词on构成固定搭配on a daily basis表示“每天”符合语境。故填on。
【40题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：同上。分析句式结构可知，此处是宾语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，所以用连接代词what来引导。故填what。
【41题详解】
考查连词。句意：迪拜的统治者谢赫·穆罕默德·本·拉希德·阿勒马克图姆宣布这座77米高的不锈钢环面是“世界上最美丽的建筑”《建筑文摘》称它是“一个瞬间(而且非常适合在instagram上分享)的标志”。分析句意可知，此处上下文之间是并列关系，所以用and表示并列。故填and。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：同上。分析句意可知，此处不定冠词泛指“一个”瞬间，又因为instant是以元音因素开头，所以用an。故填an。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：“我知道它可以被设计出来，因为它基本上就像一个鸡蛋，而鸡蛋是一种非常坚固的形式，”设计师基拉说。他补充说，从古至今，从吉萨的金字塔到罗马的万神殿，世界上许多最伟大的建筑都处于当时技术的极限。分析句式结构可知，此处应该用副词作状语修饰整个句子。故填basically。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句式结构可知，many of the world’s greatest buildings 与start with为主动关系，此处应该用非谓语动词中的现在分词作伴随状语，表主动关系。故填starting。
【45题详解】
考查动词的时态。句意：随着Killa所使用的所有推动边界的技术进步，未来博物馆为今天的迪拜带来了未来建筑的生活。分析句意可知，此处表示动作已经发生且对现在有影响，所以用现在完成时，有因为主语the Museum of the Future是单数名词，所以用has+动词的过去分词。故填has brought。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节：应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假定你是校英文报主编李华，学校80周年校庆将至，该报拟开设校庆专栏，向全校同学征集稿件。请你写一封征稿启事，内容包括：
1.稿件要求
2投稿方式、时间
注意：
1.词数80词左右。
2.可适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯。
Contributions Wanted
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
School English Newspaper
【答案】 Contributions Wanted
With the approaching of the 80th birthday of our school, our school English newspaper will add a new column to celebrate this important day. Any contribution about the anniversary is welcomed, whose topic include the history,the culture and the unforgettable person or experience. If you are willing to share your story with us, please send your article to the e-mail by the end of the month. The address is 123456@sina.com .
It is a rare chance to show your gratitude to our school. Looking forward to your participation.
School English Newspaper
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生在校庆将至之时为校英文报写一封征稿启事。
【详解】1.词汇积累
包含：include→contain
乐意的：willing → ready
感谢：gratitude→ thankfulness
重要的：important→significant
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：With the approaching of the 80th birthday of our school, our school English newspaper will add a new column to celebrate this important day.
拓展句：As the 80th birthday of our school approaches,our school English newspaper will add a new column to celebrate this important day.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Any contribution about the anniversary is welcomed, whose topic include the history,the culture and the unforgettable person or experience. （运用了whose引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】 If you are willing to share your story with us, please send your article to the e-mail by the end of the month.（运用了If 引导的状语从句）
第二节：读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When Marco was a boy, he tried everything to get his father’s love and attention. He worked hard to earn exceptional marks; he tried to be obedient, he chose inspiring friends and always tried to behave well. However, it felt to Marco that his father had little time for him. Except for his demands around chores after school, communication was nonexistent. It seemed to Marco the only time his dad ever spoke to him was to be demanding or critical. Marco sank further into his low self-esteem and was overwhelmed with feeling unappreciated, inadequate and depressed.
One day his father, already tired after a long day, tripped over Marco’s bike in the garage. The angry quarrel that followed left Marco feeling grieved. It seemed no matter how hard he tried he could never do anything right. In despair Marco blurted out, “That’s it! It’s enough!”
For two days, Marco felt so miserable. All he could think of was wanting to leave this enormous pain, those overwhelming feelings of rejection and unworthiness.
Two days later, his aunt called him. To Marco, this seemed like a miracle. Aunt Ginette usually only called once a year, on his birthday. She said she had just seen some young teenagers participate in a public speaking contest called Gala Personnalité sponsored by Club Optimiste—and she thought about him. She thought he should give it a try. She told him she firmly believed he could perform on stage like the other kids, since she had seen him perform for the family at Christmas.
Marco was startled, and not a little taken aback. Him? Onstage? In a public speaking contest? To agree would be contrary to his entire shy, timid personality. But Aunt Ginette was so confident. She seemed really serious. She was sure it was something he could do. She truly believed in him.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右;
2.续写部分分为两段, 每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
Feeling her strong belief, Marco agreed to enter the contest.
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Paragraph 2:
Four months later, the big night arrived.
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【答案】 Feeling her strong belief, Marco agreed to enter the contest. The first thing in his mind was to determine a proper topic and supporting details. His Chinese teacher offered to help him and gave him some good advice. Then followed the repeated practice. Every morning he would get up very early and speak to a mirror to check whether everything is in its proper place. After several weeks’ practice, Marco became quite confident and couldn’t wait for the speaking contest.
Four months later, the big night arrived. Standing before an audience of hundreds for the first time, Marco felt extremely nervous and unexpectedly made a grammar mistake. He was frustrated and decided to give up. But the moment he spotted his aunt and his father’s fond but firm eyes, he gathered his courage and went on. Thunderous applause and the announcement that he won the first place made Marco cry. After the contest, He wrote in his diary: “Believe in yourself, be thankful to the one who believes in you and accept the one who don’t understand you. ”
【解析】
【导语】本文以情感发展为线索展开，讲述了作者从不被父亲认可导致缺乏自信到被姑妈鼓励参加演讲比赛，获得自信的过程。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“感受到了她强烈的信任，Marco 决定报名参加比赛。”可知，第一段可描写作者在姑妈的信任之下，满怀热情地准备比赛的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“四个月后，那个意义重大的夜晚到来了。”可知，第二段可描写作者登台演讲，获得成功并找到自信。
2.续写线索：报名——搜集素材——反复训练——上台比赛——出现错误——姑妈的眼神——获得第一名——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①报名参加：enroll in/apply for/sign up for
②放弃：give up/abandon
③看见：spot/catch sight of
情绪类
①感到紧张：feel nervous/feel stressed
②垂头丧气的：be frustrated/be disappointed
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Then followed the repeated practice.（完全倒装句）
[高分句型2]. But the moment he spotted his aunt and his father’s fond but firm eyes, he gathered his courage and went on.（由the moment做引导词的时间状语从句 ）
听力答案:1-5 BABBC 6-10 CAACB 11-15 BCBCA 16-20 CCACA