2022-2023学年四川省成都市郫都区高二(下)期中英语试卷
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这是一份2022-2023学年四川省成都市郫都区高二(下)期中英语试卷,共23页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解,阅读七选五,完形填空,语法填空,短文改错,书面表达等内容,欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年四川省成都市郫都区高二(下)期中英语试卷
一、阅读理解(本大题共15小题,共30.0分)
A
One trend in app development is positivity programs designed specifically to help retrain our brain to think positively.Here are our top recommendations for apps to improve your positive mood.
Think Up
Having a 4.7 star rating this app is a heavy hitter in the world of positivity apps.
People are finding that they can learn to be positive and save their lives from the convenience of their handheld devices(设备).We no longer have to go to the library and check out books.Just download this free app and start thinking positivelyand watch how your life changes.
Shine
This app is recognized as the"best of 2018"and it helps you with daily motivation and personal care.This app's goal is to help reduce your stress,so don't worry about adding one more thing to your to-do list.They send motivational texts including a gratitude journal.This is an incredible way technology joins great minds so we can all improve together!
Happler
Holding a strong 3.9 star evaluation grade,this is one we love.It can help youkeep a journal,has incredible courses and lets you exchange ideas with a whole community of people working to become more positive.We love the creativity that went into making this app and think it has a lot to offer.
Motivate
This app gains a 4.8 star rating after over 2,622 ratings,which has handpicked motivation videos and music playlists for any mood you'd like to get into.If you need to relax or get energized or inspired to grow in specific areas of your life,this unique app will help you choose your category and get you thinking positively about it through the use of images and music.
1. Which can help you with personal care? ______
A. Think Up. B. Shine. C. Happier. D. Motivate.
2. What do the four apps have in common? ______
A. They offer interactive teaching.
B. They enable users to be more positive.
C. They are all star-rated.
D. They help people reach their goals.
3. What's special about the app Motivate? ______
A. It gains the highest rating. B. It helps people keep a journal.
C. It provides videos and music. D. It sends motivational texts.
B
For many pop idol fans,having the opportunity to participate in a music video for their favorite pop songs might be a dream come true.
I,I had taken lessons at a Chinese-owned dance studio,and they began to hold auditions(试镜)for a special project—filming a music video!Those who passed the auditions would rehearse(排练) a well-designed dance and be filmed by a professional camera crew.I really like the song they chose—Kill This Love by Blackpink,a girl group from South Korea,so I auditioned.
I was confident at first in the audition,but as I felt more pressure,I forgot a few moves.This definitely hurt my chances,so I became very on edge about the results.Additionally,because Blackpink is a four-member group,the studio was only looking for four people,and over 20 people had auditioned.I was very unsure if my performance would be good enough for a callback.
Two weeks later when I had just about given up on hearing back,I got a text from the studio manager,saying, "Congratulations!You have passed the audition for Kill This Love." I could barely contain my excitement,but wanting to seem mature,I replied to her in a calm and collected manner.
We were scheduled for five rehearsals in total,and the filming date was set for the middle of April.What really stirred up my excitement was knowing that we would be filmed in public.I would also be dancing the part of Rose,my favorite Blackpink member.
Our first rehearsal was on a Wednesday.The studio had rented the basement of a theater.There were,of course,difficulties.The dance routine included formations,so we had to learn the positions and transitions—things that we did not usually learn in our regular dance lessons.But it was just the four of us,and our teacher had enough time to work with each of us individually.
I have been practicing hard for my dream.I hope everything goes well,and I look forward to the upcoming performance!
4. How did I feel about the results after forgetting a few moves? ______
A. Confident. B. Ambitious. C. Confused. D. Nervous.
5. Why did I reply to the manager calmly when I got the exciting text? ______
A. Because I intended to present a mature image to her.
B. Because I was trained well enough to contain my feelings.
C. Because I knew that I was good enough for such a callback.
D. Because I had known the result before she informed me of it.
6. What was my first rehearsal in the basement like? ______
A. Confusing but practical. B. Challenging but helpful.
C. Difficult but entertaining. D. Regular but rewarding.
7. What is the author's purpose in writing the passage? ______
A. To express the burning passion for Blackpink.
B. To show the difficulty in attending an audition.
C. To share a personal experience in pursuit of a dream.
D. To convey the excitement of engaging in a rehearsal.
C
The South Pole has been warming at more than three times the global average over the past 30 years,according to research led by Ohio University professor Ryan Fogt,and Kyle Clem,who is a current postdoctoral research fellow in climate science.According to the study,this warming period was mainly driven by natural tropical(热带的) climate variability and was likely strengthened by increases in greenhouse gases.
Clem and his team analyzed weather station data at the South Pole,as well as climate models to examine the warming in the Antarctic interior(内陆).They found that between 1989 and 2018,the South Pole had warmed by about 1.8℃ over the past 30 years at a rate of +0.6℃ per decade—three times the global average.
The study also found that the strong warming over the Antarctic interior in the last 30 years was mainly driven by the tropics,especially warm ocean temperatures in the western tropical Pacific Ocean that changed the winds in the South Atlantic near Antarctica and increased the delivery of warm air to the South Pole.They suggest these atmospheric changes along Antarctica's coast are an important mechanism driving climate anomalies(异常事物) in its interior.
Clem and Fogt argue that these warming trends were unlikely the result of natural climate change alone,stressing the effects of added warming related to human activities on top of the large tropical climate signal on Antarctic climate have worked together to make this one of the strongest warming trends worldwide.
"From the very beginning,Kyle and I worked very well together and were able to accomplish more as a team than we were individually,"Fogt said."We have published every year together since 2013,with one of our continuing collaborations being the annual State of the Climate reports.Our work on this project together each year ultimately led to this publication documenting the warming at the South Pole.However,most importantly for my family and me,apart from being a fantastic scientist and collaborator,Kyle is also considered as one of our closest friends."
8. What is the major cause of the South Pole's warming according to the research? ______
A. The weather station. B. Lack of winds.
C. Increases of greenhouse gases. D. Natural tropical climate change.
9. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? ______
A. The tropical climate signals in the Antarctic interior.
B. The effect of human activities on the warming trends.
C. The detailed explanation for the South Pole's warming.
D. The unpleasant consequences of natural climate change.
10. Which of the following does Fogt most probably agree on? ______
A. Cooperation is valued in scientific research.
B. Getting science paper published is difficult.
C. Friendship is more important than science.
D. Family support plays a key role in science.
11. From which is the text most probably taken? ______
A. A chemistry textbook. B. A science magazine.
C. A travel brochure. D. A science novel.
D
One of the world's most twisted (扭曲的) towers has been revealed in Chongqing,China.The Dance Of Light Tower,designed by the British architecture firm Aedas and completed in 2022,is 180 meters tall and features a twisted appearance that imitates the shape of the northern lights,according to a press release.
"Located on Xingfu Square in the Jiangbei District of Chongqing,the building utilizes the simple and elegant form of double-twisted appearance to create the impression that the building is being twisted," the firm said.According to Ken Wai,Aedas lead designer,the appearance "is not only an outlook expression,but also a way of protection that shapes inner spaces into special forms".
The designers were inspired by the dancing aurora — the rays and spirals of the polar lights often seen in the Arctic and Antarctic — so light plays a key role in highlighting the twisted shape of the structure.The view of the tower varies from different angles as light reflects and bends over the glass appearance. "When night falls,the twisted appearance shows reflections that are similar to the dancing figure of a pretty dancer," said Aedas in the press release.
Twisted high-rises have grown in popularity over the last decade thanks to advances in construction,engineering and architectural computer programs.Other popular twisted buildings include MAD Architects' Absolute World Towers,located in Canada and completed in 2012,as well as the 306-meter-high Cayan Tower in Dubai,designed by Skidmore,Owings&;Merrill and completed in 2013.
According to Aedas,the Dance Of Light Tower has a "twisting angle" of up to 8.8 degrees per floor,which the studio believes is nearly 1.5 times more than any other super high-rise tower. "As an open public space,the tower has all the credits to be a city icon (图标),especially the significant twisting of the appearance is remarkable," Wai added.
12. What is special about the Dance Of Light Tower? ______
A. It is the tallest building in China now.
B. The building materials are distinctive.
C. It is designed by a Canadian company.
D. It copies the northern lights in shape.
13. What does the underlined word "utilizes" in paragraph 2 probably mean? ______
A. Applies. B. Completes. C. Decorates. D. Receives.
14. What do we know from the third paragraph? ______
A. The tower has various impressive angles.
B. Twisted towers have gained in popularity.
C. Lights create different views of the tower.
D. The designer of the tower likes dancing.
15. What does Wai mainly intend to convey in the last paragraph? ______
A. The tower has quite different inside spaces.
B. The tower will attract a great number of visitors.
C. The tower offers an open space to citizens to seek shelter.
D. The twisting angle of most twisted towers is about 13.2 degree.
二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题,共10.0分)
The health triangle is a helpful tool for visualizing your total well-being.The triangle is made up of three sides,each representing an important side of your health:Physical,Mental and Social.(1) ______
Exercise.Thirty minutes of exercise a day,four to five times a week is the recommended amount for most people.Exercise can help you lose weight and reduce your risk of suffering from heart disease,diabetes,and even some cancers.(2) ______ The endorphins (内啡肽) released during exercise might help lighten your mood,which is beneficial to your mental health.
Make time for activities that give you joy.You probably have a very busy schedule with the demands of work,home and everything in between.But preserving your mental health means making time for things that bring you joy and also keep you calm.(3) ______ And set aside at least a few hours each week in which you can relax and take this time to yourself.
( 4) ______ Social health is improved by networks of friends and family members.They are people who support you,give you guidance,and celebrate joyful moments in life with you.Try to build up networks where people meet regularly in person.Taking a class,attending a monthly book club,or joining a local tennis team means you will have a regular opportunity to make friendships.
Volunteer.Another great way to improve social health is to give back to the community.(5) ______ It has been shown to have enormous benefits to its participants,especially in increasing their psychological well-being and sense of social integration (融合).
A.Build up a community.
B.Try to narrow existing networks.
C.It can also relieve the symptoms of stress or anxiety.
D.Make a list of things you enjoy doing in your spare time.
E.There are several steps you can take to protect your physical health.
F.It can help develop your sense of belonging to your local town or city.
G.Strengthening each side of the triangle will help you lead a healthy life.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空(本大题共20小题,共30.0分)
Pilots Boers and his wife,Kate,were heading home from the Nashville airport (1) ______ Boers received an emergency call from a stranger.The caller said her brothers were(2) ______ on their roof by rising floodwaters in Waver,60 miles from Nashville. (3) ______ ,the caller begged Boers to(4) ______ her loved ones.
( 5) ______ they saw the storm clouds,Boers and Kate drove back to the airport.Soon,they were in the air(6) ______ for what they were about to see in Waver.As seen as they flew over the mountain,there was nothing but (7) ______ below them,and no one could swim in that.Instead,people were holding (8) ______ to anything(9) ______ in the water that didn't move.
The flooding also (10) ______ cell phone service,meaning Boers couldn't use his phone to locate the house he was looking for.As Boers steered,Kate began searching for people atop roofs,bridges—anywhere Boers could land his helicopter and get them on (11) ______ .
At one point,they (12) ______ four people on the roof of a store who had been there for two hours.Because the roof offered no (13) ______ for him to land,he had to lower the copter until it hovered (盘旋) just above the water line and (14) ______ a dangerous balancing act by setting only one skid (起落橇) down while praying his rotor didn't hit the roof.
Suddenly,the helicopter shook owing to a strong wind,but Boers managed to (15) ______ control of the helicopter.Later they found the victims and carried them one at a time to nearby shelters.
Boers and Kate's (16) ______ ended 90 minutes after it began,when professional rescue teams (17) ______ .Boers and Kate were almost out of (18) ______ after rescuing 17 people.As for the woman who (19) ______ contacted Boers,she called back to say that her brothers had also been saved.
( 20) ______ as the experience was,Boers did said, "To be honest,it was worthwhile."
21. A. when B. until C. after D. while
22. A. punished B. eased C. discovered D. trapped
23. A. Desperate B. Moody C. Ambitious D. Generous
24. A. oppose B. forgive C. rescue D. drag
25. A. Until B. Although C. Because D. Before
26. A. unprepared B. exhausted C. satisfied D. delighted
27. A. shore B. water C. steam D. yard
28. A. up B. out C. back D. on
29. A. slightly B. tightly C. gradually D. totally
30. A. cut in B. cut down C. cut back D. cut off
31. A. display B. duty C. board D. business
32. A. spotted B. released C. persuaded D. abandoned
33. A. guidance B. habitat C. place D. pavement
34. A. compared B. pretended C. combined D. attempted
35. A. rebuild B. recover C. regain D. review
36. A. joy B. mission C. demand D. approach
37. A. stayed up B. broke up C. showed up D. dressed up
38. A. sight B. fuel C. curiosity D. reach
39. A. originally B. constantly C. frequently D. occasionally
40. A. Boring B. Confusing C. Amusing D. Terrifying
四、语法填空(本大题共1小题,共15.0分)
41. 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tomb-Sweeping Day,(1) ______ (fall) on April 4th according to the solar calendar,is one of the most profound and significant traditional festivals in China.It has had (2) ______ history of more than 2,500 years since Zhou Dynasty.
Like other solar terms,Qingming,(3) ______ ( create) in ancient China,was to guide the agricultural affairs and farming (4) ______ ( activity).During this period,seeds (5) ______ ( plant) and farmers start raising silkworms.With the development of history Tomb-Sweeping Day has (6) ______ ( extreme) rich connotations and different customs (7) ______ ( develop) in various places since then.There are many customs on that day,such as sweeping graves,worshipping ancestors and so on.
Nowadays,it is also a time for people to enjoy spring and get closer to nature as flowers bloom and trees turn ever (8) ______ ( green) than the time before.On that day,people enjoy the hope of spring,going for spring outings or flying kites.
Generally speaking,it is people's sincere love for nature and miss for the dead (9) ______ enable the festival to be passed down constantly (10) ______ generation to generation.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、短文改错(本大题共1小题,共10.0分)
42. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
(1)每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
(2)只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Tom,
I am writing to express my hearfelt gratitude to you for offer professional guidance during my preparation for the speech contest.I am very nervous the moment when I stepped on the stage.Therefore,at the thought of your instructions,I calmed myself down instantly and then everything went so smooth that the judges and audience gave me a big round of applause.When I knew I was the winner of the first prize,I couldn't wait to share with you the excited news.With your generous help,I couldn't have made it.
Please accept your gratitude.Now and always,I will move on to make further progresses to live up your expectation.
Yours, Li Hua
六、书面表达(本大题共1小题,共25.0分)
43. 假设你是李华,第三十一届世界大学生夏季运动会将在成都举行,组委会正在招募志愿者,你很感兴趣。请你用英语写一封申请信,内容包括:
(1)写信目的;
(2)自身优势;
(3)希望获准。
注意:
(1)词数100左右;
(2)开头已给出,不计入总词数。
第三十一届大学生夏季运动会:the 31st Summer World University Games
Dear Sir or Madam,
I'm Li Hua.
Yours,
Li Hua
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、B、C
【解析】1.B.细节题.根据文章shine部分内容,Shine-- This app is recognized as the"best of 2018"and it helps you with daily motivation and personal care.这款应用程序被认为是"2018年最佳"应用程序,它可以帮助您获得日常动力和个人护理.结合选项,故选B.
2.B.推理题.根据文章内容,文章提到的四种应用程序都可以使得人们能够更加的积极,结合选项,故选B.
3.C.细节题.根据文章Motivate部分内容,This app gains a 4.8 star rating after over 2,622 ratings,which has handpicked motivation videos and music playlists for any mood you'd like to get into.这款应用在2622次收视率之后获得了4.8星级的收视率,它为你想要进入的任何情绪精心挑选了动机视频和音乐播放列表.由此可知, Motivate的特殊在于它有提供视频和音乐,结合选项,故选C.
本文章主要向读者介绍了几款对我们的大脑以及身体有益的应用软件,并对其特点进行了说明.
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释.考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点.
4~7.【答案】D、A、B、C
【解析】(1)D.推理判断题。根据第三段中的I was confident at first in the audition,but as I felt more pressure,I forgot a few moves.This definitely hurt my chances,so I became very on edge about the results.(一开始我对试镜很有信心,但当我感到压力更大时,我忘记了一些动作。这无疑伤害了我的机会,所以我对结果感到非常紧张。)可知,在忘记了一些动作之后,作者对结果感到紧张。故选D。
(2)A.细节理解题。根据第四段中的I could barely contain my excitement,but wanting to seem mature,I replied to her in a calm and collected manner.(我几乎控制不住自己的激动,但我想显得成熟,于是平静而镇定地回答她。)可知,当作者收到这条激动人心的短信时,作者平静地回复了经理,因为作者想给经理一个成熟的印象。故选A。
(3)B.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的There were,of course,difficulties.The dance routine included formations,so we had to learn the positions and transitions—things that we did not usually learn in our regular dance lessons.But it was just the four of us,and our teacher had enough time to work with each of us individually.(当然,也有困难。舞蹈套路包括编队,所以我们必须学习在常规舞蹈课中通常没有学习到的位置和过渡。但只有我们四个人,我们的老师有足够的时间与我们每个人单独合作。)可知,作者在地下室的第一次排练具有挑战性但有帮助。故选 B。
(4)C.目的意图题。根据第一段For many pop idol fans,having the opportunity to participate in a music video for their favorite pop songs might be a dream come true.(对于许多流行偶像粉丝来说,有机会参与他们最喜爱的流行歌曲的音乐视频可能是梦想成真。)及最后一段I have been practicing hard for my dream.I hope everything goes well,and I look forward to the upcoming performance!(我一直在努力练习实现我的梦想。我希望一切顺利,我期待即将到来的演出!)可知,本文主要讲的是作者参与最喜欢的偶像的流行歌曲的MV试镜和排练的经历。由此可知,作者写这篇文章的目的是为了分享个人追求梦想的经历。故选C。
本文是一篇品行与态度类阅读。文章主要讲的是作者参与最喜欢的偶像的流行歌曲的MV试镜和排练的经历。
此题主要考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力。做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确选择。在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。
8~11.【答案】D、C、A、B
【解析】(1)D.细节理解题。根据第一段中的According to the study,this warming period was mainly driven by natural tropical climate variability and was likely strengthened by increases in greenhouse gases(根据研究,这一变暖期主要是由自然的热带气候变化驱动的,并可能因温室气体的增加而加强。)可知,研究发现南极气温异常升高主要是因为热带地区气候变化。故选D。
(2)C.段落大意题。根据第三段The study also found that the strong warming over the Antarctic interior in the last 30 years was mainly driven by the tropics,especially warm ocean temperatures in the western tropical Pacific Ocean that changed the winds in the South Atlantic near Antarctica and increased the delivery of warm air to the South Pole.They suggest these atmospheric changes along Antarctica's coast are an important mechanism driving climate anomalies (异常事物) in its interior(研究还发现,南极内陆在过去的30年里强烈的变暖主要是由热带地区,特别是热带太平洋西部温暖的海洋温度驱动的。热带,尤其是西热带太平洋温暖的海洋温度改变了南极洲附近南大西洋的风,增加了向南极的暖空气输送。他们认为,这些沿南极洲海岸的大气变化是导致其内部气候异常的重要机制。)可知,太平洋西部热带地区海洋温度升高改变了靠近南极洲的南大西洋风向,进而向南极输送了更多的温暖的气流,由此造成了南极变暖。由此可知,本段主要是对南极变暖的详细说明。故选C。
(3)A.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的From the very beginning,Kyle and I worked very well together and were able to accomplish more as a team than we were individually...We have published every year together since 2013,with one of our continuing collaborations being the annual State of the Climate reports.Our work on this project together each year ultimately led to this publication documenting the warming at the South Pole(从一开始,凯尔和我就合作得很好,作为一个团队我们完成了更多工作,超过了我们单独工作所能完成的。自2013年以来,我们每年都一起布报告,其中一个持续合作项目是年度气候状况报告。我们每年在这个项目上的共同工作最终导致了这份记录南极变暖的出版物地诞生。)可知,Fogt和好友的研究成果的取得离不开他们的合作。由此可知,Fogt非常看重科学研究中的合作。故选A。
(4)B.文章出处题。文章主要介绍了南极地区气温异常增高及其成因,这属于科学研究的范畴。因此,本文最有可能出自"科学杂志"。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了南极地区气温异常增高及其原因。热带地区气候变化影响了大气环流以至向南极地区输送了更多温暖的气流,加之人类活动的影响,进而造成了南极地区气温异常增高。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案,切忌胡乱猜测,一定要做到有理有据。
12~15.【答案】D、A、C、B
【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据第一段The Dance Of Light Tower,designed by the British architecture firm Aedas and completed in 2022,is 180 meters tall and features a twisted appearance that imitates the shape of the northern lights,according to a press release.(据一份新闻稿称,由英国建筑公司Aedas设计的"光之舞"塔楼于2022年完工,高180米,其扭曲的外观模仿了北极光的形状。)可知,"光之舞"塔楼的特别之处是它模仿了北极光的形状。故选D。
(2)词句猜测题。根据第二段the simple and elegant form of double-twisted appearance(形式简约优雅,双扭曲外观)和to create the impression that the building is being twisted(给人一种建筑物被扭曲的感觉)可知,划线词所在句子表示"采用简单而优雅的双扭曲外观,给人一种扭曲的感觉",划线词utilizes的意思是"应用,运用",和applies意思相近。A.Applies.应用;B.Completes.完成;C.Decorates.装饰;D.Receives.收到。故选A。
(3)细节理解题。根据第三段The view of the tower varies from different angles as light reflects and bends over the glass appearance.(由于光线在玻璃表面的反射和弯曲,从不同的角度可以看到不同的塔。)可知,光创造了不同的塔景。故选C。
(4)推理判断题。根据最后一段"As an open public space,the tower has all the credits to be a city icon (图标),especially the significant twisting of the appearance is remarkable," Wai added.(Wai补充说:"作为一个开放的公共空间,这座塔拥有成为城市标志的所有荣誉,特别是外观上的显著扭曲是引人注目的。")可知,Wai在最后一段主要想表达的是这座塔将吸引大量的游客。故选B。
本文介绍了中国重庆市一座高180米的建筑——光之舞塔,该建筑由英国建筑公司Aedas设计,于2022年完工。光之舞塔的外观呈双扭曲形状,仿照了北极光的形态,设计师通过利用光线的反射和折射来突出建筑的扭曲形状。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。
16~20.【答案】G、C、D、A、F
【解析】(1)联系上文题。空前说The health triangle is a helpful tool for visualizing your total well-being.The triangle is made up of three sides,each representing an important side of your health:Physical,Mental and Social.(健康三角是一个很有用的工具,可以让你的整体健康状况形象化。这个三角形由三条边组成,每条边代表你健康的一个重要方面:身体、心理和社会。)说明这个三角的每一边都和整体健康有关,G选项"加强三角的每一边将帮助你过上健康的生活。"说明了加强这个三角的每一边都对整体健康有用,因此承接上文,符合语境,故选G。
(2)细节理解题。空前说Exercise can help you lose weight and reduce your risk of suffering from heart disease,diabetes,and even some cancers.(运动可以帮助你减肥,降低患心脏病、糖尿病甚至某些癌症的风险。)这说明的是运动对促进身体健康的作用,空后说The endorphins (内啡肽) released during exercise might help lighten your mood,which is beneficial to your mental health.(运动过程中释放的内啡肽可能有助于减轻你的情绪,这对你的心理健康有益。)这说明运动还对心理健康有用,C选项"它还可以缓解压力或焦虑的症状。"说明运动可以促进心理健康,因此承上启下,符合语境,故选C。
(3)细节理解题。空前说But preserving your mental health means making time for things that bring you joy and also keep you calm.(但保持心理健康意味着腾出时间做那些能给你带来快乐并让你保持冷静的事情。)说明要做一些能给你带来快乐并让你保持冷静的事情,空后说And set aside at least a few hours each week in which you can relax and take this time to yourself.(每周至少留出几个小时,让你放松一下,把这段时间留给自己。)这是给出的建议,那空格处也应该是一个建议,且用祈使句,且和在空闲时间做事情来让自己快乐有关,D选项"列出你在业余时间喜欢做的事情。"说明的是要列出在业余时间喜欢做的事情,是一条建议,因此承上启下,符合语境,故选D。
(4)段落主题题。空格处是本段主题句,参考每一段首句的主题句可知,空格处选简短的建议,由空后的Social health is improved by networks of friends and family members.They are people who support you,give you guidance,and celebrate joyful moments in life with you.Try to build up networks where people meet regularly in person.(社会健康通过朋友和家庭成员的网络得到改善。他们会支持你,给你指引,和你一起庆祝生活中的快乐时刻。试着建立人际网络,让人们定期见面。)可知,本段主要讲的是要建立人际网络,A选项"建立一个群体。"说明要建立一个人际网络,一个群体,因此概括了本段内容,可作为主题句,故选A。
(5)细节理解题。空前说Another great way to improve social health is to give back to the community.(另一个改善社会健康的好方法是回馈社区。)空后说It has been shown to have enormous benefits to its participants,especially in increasing their psychological well-being and sense of social integration (融合).(它已被证明对参与者有巨大的好处,特别是在增加他们的心理健康和社会融合感方面。)说明的是回馈社会,做志愿者的好处,F选项"它可以帮助培养你对当地城镇或城市的归属感。"说明的是当志愿者回馈社区的好处,因此承上启下,符合语境,故选F。
本文是一篇说明文,主要讲的是如何改善健康三角的每一方面的内容。
关于选句填空的做题步骤:
步骤一:快速浏览一遍备选答案,先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置:标题,句首,句中,句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二:快速浏览文章,确定文章体裁,抓住文章结构。
步骤三:分析篇章结构,找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四:注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段,寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五:区分相似项。
21~40.【答案】A、D、A、C、B、A、B、D、B、D、C、A、C、D、C、B、C、B、A、D
【解析】(1)考查连词及语境理解。A.when当……时候;B.until直到;C.after在……之后;D.while然而。be doing…when…正在做某事的时候,突然……。句意:飞行员布尔斯和他的妻子凯特在从纳什维尔机场回家的路上接到了一个陌生人打来的紧急电话。根据空前"Pilots Boers and his wife,Kate,were heading home from the Nashville airport"可知,布尔斯和他的妻子凯特在回家的路上突然接到了一个陌生人打来的紧急电话。故选A。
(2)考查动词及语境理解。A.punished惩罚;B.eased减轻;C.discovered发现;D.trapped陷入(困境)。句意:打电话的人说,在距离纳什维尔60英里的韦弗,她的兄弟们被不断上涨的洪水困在屋顶上。根据空后"on their roof by rising floodwaters in Waver,"及下文可知,因为洪水上涨而困在屋顶上。故选D。
(3)考查形容词及语境理解。A.Desperate绝望的;B.Moody易怒的;C.Ambitious有雄心的;D.Generous慷慨的。句意:绝望中,打电话的人恳求布尔斯救救她的亲人。根据上句"The caller said her brothers were(2)on their roof by rising floodwaters in Waver,60 miles from Nashville."可知,因为亲人被洪水所困,打电话的人处于绝望中。故选A。
(4)考查动词及语境理解。A.oppose反对;B.forgive原谅;C.rescue营救;D.drag拖。句意:绝望中,打电话的人恳求布尔斯救救她的亲人。根据后文"when professional rescue teams (17)."可知,打电话的人恳求布尔斯救救她被洪水所困的亲人。故选C。
(5)考查连词及语境理解。A.Until直到;B.Although尽管;C.Because因为;D.Before在……之前。句意:尽管看到了乌云,布尔斯和凯特还是开飞机回了机场。根据下句"Boers and Kate drove back to the airport."可知,尽管看到了乌云,布尔斯和凯特还是开飞机回机场准备去救人。故选B。
(6)考查形容词及语境理解。A.unprepared无准备的;B.exhausted精疲力竭的;C.satisfied满意的;D.delighted高兴的。句意:很快,他们就飞到了空中,对即将在韦弗看到的一切毫无准备。根据空前"Soon,they were in the air,"及后文可知,布尔斯和凯特对营救毫无准备。故选A。
(7)考查名词及语境理解。A.shore岸;B.water水;C.steam蒸汽;D.yard院子。句意:当他们飞过山的时候,下面除了水什么也没有,没有人能在水里游泳。根据下句"and no one could swim in that."及前文可知,因为是洪水,所以除了水什么也没有。故选B。
(8)考查副词及语境理解。A.up向上;B.out向外;C.back向后地;D.on向上。句意:相反,人们紧紧抓住水中任何不动的东西。固定短语hold on抓住。根据下句"anything(9)in the water that didn't move."可知,洪水中的人们紧紧地抓住东西。故选D。
(9)考查副词及语境理解。A.slightly些微地;B.tightly紧紧地;C.gradually逐渐地;D.totally完全。句意:相反,人们紧紧抓住水中任何不动的东西。根据空后"that didn't move."可知,洪水中的人们只有紧紧地抓住不动的东西,才能不被洪水冲走。故选B。
(10)考查动词短语及语境理解。A.cut in切入,插嘴;B.cut down削减;C.cut back削减;D.cut off切断。句意:洪水还切断了手机服务,这意味着布尔斯无法用手机定位他正在寻找的房子。根据下句"meaning Boers couldn't use his phone to locate the house he was looking for."可知,洪水还切断了手机服务。故选D。
(11)考查动词及语境理解。A.display展示;B.duty责任;C.board登机板;机舱;D.business商业。on board登机,在飞机上。句意:当布尔斯驾驶飞机时,凯特开始在屋顶、桥梁上搜寻人们——任何布尔斯可以让直升机降落并让他们登机的地方。根据上句"Kate began searching for people atop roofs,bridges—anywhere Boers could land his helicopter"可知,飞机需要在洪水中降落让洪水中的人们登机。故选C。
(12)考查动词及语境理解。A.spotted发现;B.released释放;C.persuaded劝服;D.abandoned抛弃。句意:他们在一家商店的屋顶上发现了四个人,他们已经在那里呆了两个小时。根据空后"four people on the roof of a store who had been there for two hours."可知,布尔斯和凯特在一家商店的屋顶上发现了四个人。故选A。
(13)考查名词及语境理解。A.guidance指导;B.habitat栖息地;C.place地方;D.pavement人行道。句意:由于屋顶没有地方让他降落,他不得不降低直升机,直到它盘旋在水面以上,并尝试了一个危险的平衡动作,只放下一个滑块,同时祈祷他的旋翼没有撞到屋顶。根据空后"for him to land,"和常识可知,屋顶上没有地方供直升机降落。故选C。
(14)考查动词及语境理解。A.compared比较;B.pretended假装;C.combined结合;D.attempted尝试。句意:由于屋顶没有地方让他降落,他不得不降低直升机,直到它盘旋在水面以上,并尝试了一个危险的平衡动作,只放下一个滑块,同时祈祷他的旋翼没有撞到屋顶。根据空后"by setting only one skid (起落橇) down while praying his rotor didn't hit the roof."可知,布尔斯尝试危险的动作救被困人员。故选D。
(15)考查动词及语境理解。A.rebuild重建;B.recover恢复;C.regain重新获得(控制);D.review复习。句意:突然,直升机因强风而摇晃,但布尔斯设法重新控制了直升机。根据上句"Suddenly,the helicopter shook owing to a strong wind,"可知,因为强风无法保持直升机平衡,但布尔斯设法重新控制了直升机的平衡。故选C。
(16)考查名词及语境理解。A.joy欢乐;B.mission使命,任务;C.demand要求;D.approach方法。句意:布尔斯和凯特的任务在开始90分钟后结束,当时专业救援队出现了。根据空后"ended 90 minutes after it began,"可知,布尔斯和凯特的营救任务持续了90分钟。故选B。
(17)考查动词短语及语境理解。A.stayed up熬夜;B.broke up结束;C.showed up展示,出现;D.dressed up穿上盛装。句意:布尔斯和凯特的任务在开始90分钟后结束,当时专业救援队出现了。根据空前"when professional rescue teams"可知,专业救援队出现了。故选C。
(18)考查名词及语境理解。A.sight视力;B.fuel燃料;C.curiosity好奇;D.reach范围。句意:布尔斯和凯特在救了17个人之后,几乎没有燃料了。根据空后"after rescuing 17 people." 和常识可知,营救了17人之后,直升机几乎没有燃料了。故选B。
(19)考查副词及语境理解。A.originally原来,最初;B.constantly不断地;C.frequently频繁地;D.occasionally偶尔地。句意:至于最初联系布尔斯的那个女人,她回电话说她的兄弟们也得救了。根据下句"she called back to say that her brothers had also been saved."可知,这个女人是最初联系布尔斯的那个女人。故选A。
(20)考查形容词及语境理解。A.Boring乏味的;B.Confusing使人困惑的;C.Amusing有趣的;D.Terrifying可怕的。句意:尽管这段经历很可怕,但布尔斯说:"说实话,这是值得的。"根据下句"Boers did said, "To be honest,it was worthwhile.""和常识可知,这段营救经历是很可怕的。故选D。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了飞行员布尔斯和他的妻子凯特不顾危险,驾驶直升飞机抢救被洪水围困的人的故事。
完形填空题的解题步骤:
1.通读全文,理解大意。重视首句信息,跳过空格,浏览全文,从整体上感知全文,理解文章大意,这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后,避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下,结合各选项的意义和用法,遵循先易后难的原则,先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题,暂时跳过,或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示,或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文,解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格,对全文有了更清楚的理解,可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读,弥补疏漏,全部做好后,务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容,确保全文文意连贯。
41.【答案】【小题1】falling
【小题2】a
【小题3】created
【小题4】activities
【小题5】are planted
【小题6】extremely
【小题7】have been developed
【小题8】greener
【小题9】that
【小题10】from
【解析】(1)考查现在分词。句意:清明节,在阳历四月四日,是中国最深刻和最重要的传统节日之一。句中谓语是is,空格处用非谓语动词,Tomb-Sweeping Day和fall之间是主谓关系,因此空格处用现在分词表主动,故填falling。
(2)考查冠词。句意:自周朝以来,它已有2500多年的历史。have a history of意为"有……的历史",因此空格处是a,故填a。
(3)考查过去分词。句意:像其他节气一样,清明是中国古代创造的,用于指导农业事务和农业活动。句中谓语是was,空格处用非谓语动词,Qingming和create之间是逻辑动宾关系,因此空格处用过去分词表被动,故填created。
(4)考查可数名词的复数。句意:像其他节气一样,清明是中国古代创造的,用于指导农业事务和农业活动。activity是可数名词,不止一个,因此空格处用复数,故填activities。
(5)考查时态,语态和主谓一致。句意:在这段时间里,人们播种,农民开始养蚕。种子是被种,句中用被动语态,句子描述客观事实,时态用一般现在时,因此空格处用一般现在时的被动语态,主语seeds是复数,因此空格处是are planted。故填are planted。
(6)考查副词。句意:随着历史的发展,清明节有了极其丰富的内涵,各地形成了不同的习俗。空格处用副词修饰形容词rich,extreme的副词是extremely,意为"极其,非常",故填extremely。
(7)考查时态,语态和主谓一致。句意:随着历史的发展,清明节有了极其丰富的内涵,各地形成了不同的习俗。由since then可知,句子时态用现在完成时,风俗是被开发,因此空格处是现在完成时的被动语态,主语customs是复数,因此空格处是have been developed。故填have been developed。
(8)考查比较级。句意:如今,它也是一个时间,人们享受春天,更接近大自然,因为鲜花盛开,树木变得比以前更绿。由than可知,空格处用比较级greener,故填greener。
(9)考查强调句。句意:一般来说,正是人们对自然的真挚热爱和对死者的怀念,使这个节日得以不断地代代相传。根据句意和it is可知,句子是强调句,结构是"It is+被强调的部分+who/that+其他部分",句中被强调的是"people's sincere love for nature and miss for the dead",因此空格处用that,故填that。
(10)考查介词。句意:一般来说,正是人们对自然的真挚热爱和对死者的怀念,使这个节日得以不断地代代相传。from generation to generation是固定短语,意为"世代相传",因此空格处是from,故填from。
本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍的是中国的清明节的相关情况。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用,做题时要首先明确短文大意,从词语搭配,固定句型,语法,时态等方面综合考虑,结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
42.【答案】Dear Tom,
I am writing to express my hearfelt gratitude to you for offer professional guidance during my preparation for the speech contest.I am very nervous the moment when I stepped on the stage. Therefore,at the thought of your instructions,I calmed myself down instantly and then everything went so smooth that the judges and audience gave me a big round of applause.When I knew I was the winner of the first prize,I couldn't wait to share with you the excited news. With your generous help,I couldn't have made it.
Please accept your gratitude.Now and always,I will move on to make further progresses to live up ∧your expectation.
Yours, Li Hua
详解:
1.考查动名词。句意:我写这封信是为了衷心感谢您在我准备演讲比赛的过程中给予我的专业指导。介词for后接动offer的动名词形式作宾语,故将offer改为offering。
2.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:我走上舞台的那一刻感到非常紧张。根据时间状语从句"the moment I stepped on the stage"可知,描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时,主语是I,故将am改为was。
3.考查连词。句意:我走上舞台的那一刻感到非常紧张。the moment为名词作连词用,引导时间状语从句,when多余,故去掉when。
4.考查副词。句意:但是,一想到你的指示,我立刻平静下来,一切都变得非常顺利,评委和观众给了我热烈的掌声。根据句意,此处与上文是转折关系,有逗号与句子隔开用however,故将Therefore改为However。
5.考查副词。句意:但是,一想到你的指示,我立刻平静下来,一切都变得非常顺利,评委和观众给了我热烈的掌声。修饰动词went用副词作状语,故将smooth改为smoothly。
6.考查形容词。句意:当我知道我是一等奖的赢家时,我迫不及待地想和你们分享这个令人兴奋的消息。修饰物,表示事物的特征用exciting"令人兴奋的",excited修饰人,表示人的感受,根据句意,此处表示"令人兴奋的消息",故将excited改为exciting。
7.考查介词。句意:没有你慷慨的帮助,我不可能成功。根据句意,此处用介词without"没有"符合语境,故将with改为without。
8.考查形容词性物主代词。句意:请接受我的感激。根据语境是写信人表示感谢,修饰名词用形容词物主代词my,故将your改为my。
9.考查不可数名词。句意:现在和永远,我会继续努力,不辜负您对我的期望。progress是不可数名词,故将progresses改为progress。
10.考查固定短语。句意:从现在到永远,我将继续努力,不辜负您对我的期望。live up to"不辜负"是固定短语,故up后加to。
【解析】本文是应用文。李华写信感谢汤姆在自己准备演讲比赛时给与的指导和帮助。
1.先通读全文。认真阅读短文,在做题之前确保已经弄清大意。注意文章中上下文的逻辑关系是否正确,时态、人称、主谓、指代等是否一致。
2.聚焦出题热点、综合运用所学语言知识,对不同的错误情况进行分析和回答(即改词、加词或减词)。
3.再次通读全文,校对自己的改正是否正确。一般各种改错的方式都应该用到,如果出现了某一种改法(如加词、减词等)没有用到,要考虑自己的改错应该有问题,要对刚才不是很有把握的行进行推敲。
43.【答案】Dear Sir or Madam,
I'm Li Hua.Having learnt that you are recruiting volunteers for the 31st Summer World University Games to be held in Chengdu,I'm writing to apply to be one of them.【高分句型一】(写信目的)
I'm a senior three student as well as a sports enthusiast.I have many advantages over others.Initially,I have such a good command of oral English that I can communicate with foreign athletes and coaches fluently.【高分句型二】Additionally,I am experienced in receiving foreign guests for I once worked as a volunteer in several cross-cultural activities and won praise from the organizers.Last but not least,active and cooperative,I'm easy to get along with and well worth trust.(自身优势)
I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.Looking forward to your reply.(希望获准)
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一
Having learnt that you are recruiting volunteers for the 31st Summer World University Games to be held in Chengdu,I'm writing to apply to be one of them.
翻译:得知你们正在为即将在成都举行的第31届夏季世界大学生运动会招募志愿者,我写信申请成为其中一员。
分析:运用了现在分词的完成式Having learnt作状语,that引导宾语从句以及不定式to be held in Chengdu作后置定语。
高分句型二
Initially,I have such a good command of oral English that I can communicate with foreign athletes and coaches fluently.
翻译:最初,我有很好的英语口语,我可以流利地与外国运动员和教练交流。
分析:运用了such…that…句型,that引导结果状语从句。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态,上下文意思连贯,符合逻辑关系,尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式,同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次,平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
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