还剩19页未读，
继续阅读
精品解析：江苏省扬州中学2022-2023学年高二下学期5月月考英语试题（解析版）
展开
这是一份精品解析：江苏省扬州中学2022-2023学年高二下学期5月月考英语试题（解析版），共22页。
江苏省扬州中学2022-2023学年第二学期阶段性测试
高 二 英 语
2023.05
(试卷满分： 150分;考试时间：120分钟)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 5 小题;每题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man want to do?
A. Reserve a cheap hotel.
B. Go to Mexico on business.
C. Relax and enjoy himself.
2. What will the woman get?
A. Carpet cleaner. B. A paper towel. C. A glass of wine.
3. Who is the woman?
A. She’s a teacher. B. She’s a student. C. She’s an assistant.
4. Where are the speakers headed?
A. To a swimming pool. B. To the beach. C. To a restaurant.
5. Why is the museum of great significance?
A. It’s a museum for old art.
B. It will be built on a small island.
C. It’s the first of its kind in Indonesia.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第 6 和第 7 两个小题。
6. How much does an entrance ticket cost?
A. Two dollars. B. Five dollars. C. Seven dollars.
7. How does the woman pay?
A. In cash. B. By check. C. By credit card.
听下面一段对话，回答第 8 和第9两个小题。
8. Where did the tomato sauce come from?
A. A local farm.
B. A store only five miles away.
C. The man’s own tomatoes.
9. What does the woman think of cooking?
A. She enjoys it.
B. It makes her feel creative.
C. She doesn’t have the patience for it.
听下面一段对话，回答第 10 至第 12 三个小题。
10 What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Interviewer and interviewee. B. Husband and wife. C. Neighbors.
11. Where did the man go to college?
A. In Washington. B. In Texas. C. In Nebraska.
12. What is the woman’s job?
A. She is a computer programmer. B. She is a banker. C. She is an artist.
听下面一段对话，回答第 13 至第 16 四个小题。
13. What did Fitbit say about the recent study?
A. It was false.
B. It hurt their business.
C. They had no comment.
14. When does the man use his Fitbit?
A. Only when he’s exercising. B. During the daytime. C. All the time.
15. What does the man think of his Fitbit?
A. It’s sometimes uncomfortable to wear.
B. It’s a good value.
C. It is of little use.
16. How does the woman sound?
A. Interested. B. Bored. C. Upset.
听下面一段独白，回答第 17 至第 20 三个小题。
17. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. A search engine.
B. A language program.
C. A free lesson website for teachers.
18. How many people use Duolingo currently?
A. Over one hundred million. B. A few hundred thousand. C. Several thousand
19. Where is Luis von Ahn from?
A. Switzerland. B. Guatemala. C. Costa Rica.
20. How was Duolingo originally funded?
A. By big websites. B. By an actor. C. By schools.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题, 每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Amazing China in 60 Seconds is a short video series covering cultural and scenic hotspots across the country.
Tibet
Tibet autonomous region in Southwest China, home to the highest plateau(高原) on Earth, is known as the “roof of the world”. It’s a paradise for tourists with its towering snow mountains, vast grasslands, peaceful lakes and breathtaking views. Must-visit places include the Potala Palace - a UNESCO world heritage site, Mount Qomolangma, Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon and more.
Tibet is also famed for its rich ethnic culture, including the Tibetan dance, age-old thangka painting and Lum medicinal bathing of Sowa Rigpa - traditional Tibetan bathing for a medical purpose which was included in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO in 2018.
Tianjin
Neighboring the Chinese capital city of Beijing, Tianjin rests between the northern Yanshan Mountains and the coastal plain. Adjacent to the sea and rivers, it carries distinct ecological beauty.
Tianjin is where Eastern and Western cultures meet. It has many precious historical sites, former residences of celebrities and foreign-style architecture. Famous tourist destinations include the Tianjin Eye, the Huangyaguan Great Wall, and the Five Big Avenues area, which hosts about 2,000 villas in various Western styles built in the 1920s and 1930s.
Chongqing
Southwest China’s Chongqing is largely built on mountains and surrounded by rivers; thus it is known as the “mountain city”. Many people are drawn to Chongqing by its delicious food - especially its signature spicy hotpot - and natural scenery.
Boasting the largest number of hotpot restaurants in China, Chongqing was named “China’s Hotpot City” by the China Cuisine Association in 2007. Statistics show there are more than 50,000 hotpot eateries across the city. With more than 3,000 year of history, Chongqing still preserves traditional culture and lifestyles.
1. Where can you experience a bath with medicinal functions?
A. Tibet B. Tianjin C. Chongqing D. Sichuan
2. Which country’s villa style can’t you find in Tianjin?
A. Germany B. India C. France D. Italy
3. Where might this article come from?
A. Geography magazine B. Entertainment newspaper
C. Tourism website D. News report
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一部涵盖全国文化和风景热点的短视频系列《60秒惊艳中国》中的一些城市。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。由小标题Tibet中“Tibet is also famed for its rich ethnic culture, including the Tibetan dance, age-old thangka painting and Lum medicinal bathing of Sowa Rigpa - traditional Tibetan bathing for a medical purpose which was included in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO in 2018.(西藏还以其丰富的民族文化而闻名，包括藏族舞蹈、古老的唐卡绘画和Sowa Rigpa的Lum药浴——传统的藏医浴，于2018年被联合国教科文组织列入《人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录》。)”可知，在西藏可以体验药浴。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由小标题Tianjin中“Famous tourist destinations include the Tianjin Eye, the Huangyaguan Great Wall, and the Five Big Avenues area, which hosts about 2,000 villas in various Western styles built in the 1920s and 1930s.(著名的旅游目的地包括天津眼、黄崖关长城和五大道地区，那里有大约2000栋建于20世纪20年代和30年代的各种西式别墅。)”可知，这些别墅主要是西式的，没有印度风格。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“Amazing China in 60 Seconds is a short video series covering cultural and scenic hotspots across the country.(《60秒惊艳中国》是一部涵盖全国文化和风景热点的短视频系列。)”以及后文可知，文章主要介绍了《60秒惊艳中国》中的一些城市，介绍其文化和风景热点。结合选项可知，这篇文章可能来自于旅游网站。故选C项。
B
Despite Kyle Tianshi being only a 15-year-old US high schooler, he has published five sci-fi novels. His fifth book Eventide was released in July. However, this may not be his most impressive achievement as Kyle just received the “Hero Award”, a $20, 000 grand prize. It is the top honor in the California Youth Sustainability Awards. The competition aims to encourage and support young community leaders who are making a difference for sustainability in their communities by taking action for the planet.
Kyle, a sophomore from the Cambridge School in the US, received the honor for his portable invention called NEREID. The device can detect microscopic particles (粒子) in water by using a laser and microscope. These particles can be harmful to people and the environment.
Kyle came up with the idea for the invention based on his experience growing up in San Diego, California, US. People had no access to unpolluted drinking water and his parents asked him not to drink tap water. Kyle spent about $60 buying the tools needed to analyze the tap water: a laser, a microscope and a micro-computer. “It’s incredibly powerful for the price,” Kyle said. Then he used their family’s garage as his laboratory, doing research on the pollution of drinking water caused by micro-plastics.
Kyle hopes to bring to market a low-cost alternative tool for detecting micro-plastic pollution levels in drinking water. In this way, he can offer help to people who don’t have access to water filtration (过滤) systems. He has applied for a patent.
Kyle said his sister Emily, a freshman at Stanford University, inspired his interest in environmental research. She was recognized nationally for developing a water collection device. They have founded the Clearwater Innovation program to advocate for clean water through social media platforms and organize community cleanup events.
4. What do we know about Kyle?
A. He is good at adapting sci-fi works.
B. He entered many novel contests.
C. He received an award for his invention.
D. He’s found microscopic particles in water.
5. What led to Kyle’s creation of NEREID?
A. People’s lack of clean drinking water. B. People’s poor living conditions.
C. His desire to be a community leader. D. His family’s encouragement.
6. Which of the following best describes Kyle?
A. Considerate and brave. B. Optimistic and honest.
C. Determined and humorous. D. Responsible and creative.
7. What’s the text mainly about?
A. The introduction of NEREID. B. A boy’s contribution to literature.
C. The harm of polluted water. D. A US schooler’s water solution.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了15岁的Kyle Tianshi发明了检测水中有害的微观粒子的设备，获得了加州青年可持续发展奖的最高荣誉。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Kyle, a sophomore from the Cambridge School in the US, received the honor for his portable invention called NEREID.( Kyle是美国剑桥学院的一名二年级学生，他因便携式发明NEREID获得了这项荣誉)”可知，Kyle因他的发明而获奖。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Kyle came up with the idea for the invention based on his experience growing up in San Diego, California, US. People had no access to unpolluted drinking water and his parents asked him not to drink tap water.( Kyle基于他在美国加州圣地亚哥的成长经历，想出了这个发明的主意。人们喝不到无污染的饮用水，他的父母要求他不要喝自来水。)”可知，Kyle发明NEREID是由于人们缺乏干净的饮用水。故选A项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章内容，结合第二段第一句“Kyle, a sophomore from the Cambridge School in the US, received the honor for his portable invention called NEREID.(Kyle是美国剑桥学院的一名二年级学生，他因便携式发明NEREID获得了这项荣誉)”及文章最后一句“They have founded the Clearwater Innovation program to advocate for clean water through social media platforms and organize community cleanup events.(他们创立了清水创新项目，通过社交媒体平台倡导清洁用水，并组织社区清洁活动。)”可知，Kyle发明NEREID，使人们能够喝到干净的饮用水，并通过实际行动倡导清洁用水，保护环境，因此他有责任心且有创意，故选D项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段第一句“Kyle, a sophomore from the Cambridge School in the US, received the honor for his portable invention called NEREID.( Kyle是美国剑桥学院的一名二年级学生，他因便携式发明NEREID获得了这项荣誉)”可知，文章主要讲述15岁的Kyle Tianshi发明了检测水中有害的微观粒子的设备，使人们能够喝到干净的饮用水，还创立清水创新项目，倡导清洁用水，故D项“一位美国学生对于水的解决方案”能够概括文章大意。故选D项。
C
Zebrafish, named for their characteristic stripes (条纹), have been a popular test subject for researchers. Only a few centimeters in length, the fish reproduce easily in captivity (圈养), grow quickly, and their transparent body makes it easy to study their organs. Above all, they possess some surprising “self-healing” power. When part of their heart is removed, they can grow it back in a matter of weeks. When blinded, they can quickly regain the ability to see.
Recent studies show that humans and zebrafish have the same major organs and share 70 percent of the genes. Moreover, 84 percent of human genes associated with disease find a counterpart in zebrafish. Scientists thus hope that understanding the self-healing mystery of the fish may one day allow humans to regenerate (使……再生) such organs as eyes, hearts, and spines.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University are particularly interested in zebrafish retina (视网膜) regeneration. They have learned that damage of retina can cause blindness in zebrafish, yet it only takes about three to four weeks before vision is regained. The structure and cell types of zebrafish reins are almost the same to those of humans. If the process can be copied in humans, it may give rise to new treatments for blindness caused by retinal damage.
In order to know exactly how zebrafsh retina is regenerated, the team looked at the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a chemical messenger in the brain that reduces the activity of neurons. They found that lowering GABA levels in zebrafish can activate retina regeneration, while a high level of GABA concentration will suppress the regeneration process. This suggested that GABA plays an important role in the fish’s ability to regain their sight. The result served as a further proof to scientists previous work.
The team is beginning to test the GABA theory on mice. If that works, human trials will be next on the agenda. If the research proves successful in humans, some of the nearly 40 million blind people worldwide may one day have a tiny, striped fish to thank.
8. What’s the most amazing for zebrafish?
A. Its beautiful stripes. B. Its regeneration ability. C. Its transparent body. D. Its excellent eyesight.
9. What does the underlined word “suppress” mean in paragraph 4?
A. Hold back. B. Add up. C. Draw up. D. Get over.
10. What do we know about the study in Vanderbilt University?
A. Humans are currently under trial. B. The first experimental subject is mice.
C. The researchers had unexpected discoveries. D. The results are in line with previous study findings.
11. Which of the following is the best title of the text?
A. How Do Zebrafish Heal Themselves? B. What Is the Mystery of Zebrafish Retina?
C. Will Self-healing Power of Zebrafish Be Regained? D. Could the Tiny Zebrafish Teach Us to Cure Blindness?
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员通过一系列实验观察斑马鱼视网膜是如何再生的，并想通过这一机理为人类社会造福。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Above all, they possess some surprising “self-healing” power. When part of their heart is removed, they can grow it back in a matter of weeks.(最重要的是，它们具有一些令人惊讶的“自愈”能力。当它们的一部分心脏被切除后，它们可以在几周内重新长出来)”可知，斑马鱼最神奇的地方是它的再生能力。故选B。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据前文“They found that lowering GABA levels in zebrafish can activate retina regeneration(他们发现，降低斑马鱼体内的GABA水平可以激活视网膜再生)”后面的转折接连词while可知，斑马鱼体内的GABA水平较高相反会抑制视网膜再生。由此推知，划线词suppress是“抑制”的意思，与hold back意思接近。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“The result served as a further proof to scientists previous work.(这一结果进一步证明了科学家们之前的工作)”可知，范德比尔特大学的这项研究结果与之前的研究结果一致。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“If the research proves successful in humans, some of the nearly 40 million blind people worldwide may one day have a tiny, striped fish to thank.(如果这项研究在人类身上取得成功，那么世界上近4000万盲人中的一些人有一天可能会感谢一条小小的条纹鱼)”及全文可知，本文主要介绍了研究人员通过一系列实验观察斑马鱼视网膜是如何再生的，并想通过这一机理为人类社会造福。由此可知，“Could the Tiny Zebrafish Teach Us to Cure Blindness?(微小的斑马鱼能教我们治疗失明吗？)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
D
China’s telescope, planned to be launched at the end of 2023, is expected to provide humankind with fresh knowledge about distant galaxies, mysterious dark matter, and the past and future evolutions of the universe.
Chinese Survey Space Telescope (CSST), also known as Xuntian Space Telescope, is a space-based optical (光学的) observatory for astronomers to carry out sky surveys, capturing a general map or images of the sky.
The CSST is a bus-sized facility with a length equal to that of a three-storied building. It has an aperture (孔径) of two meters, a bit smaller than the Hubble Space Telescope, but its field of view is 350 times larger than Hubble in area. “The field of view is the area of the sky a telescope can see at one time,” said Li Ran, project scientist of the CSST Scientific Data Reduction System. “Hubble’s field of view is approximately one percent of the size of a fingernail at an arm’s length, thereby the telescope, in its thirties, observed only a tiny part of the sky.” Li added.
The telescope, during its normal observations, will fly independently in the same orbit as China’s space station but will maintain a large distance apart. Li said the telescope was designed, in its initial plan, to be placed on the space station, but there would be disadvantages such as vibration, potential pollution and line-of-sight block from the space station. The CSST can land on the space station for refueling and servicing as needed.
“The telescope can bring China’s research in optical astronomy to the forefront of the world and help cultivate (培养) world-class Chinese scientists,” Li noted. “It can also take breathtaking visible pictures, allowing the public to directly feel and understand the universe.”
12. What can the CSST be used for?
A. Getting general map of the Earth. B. Aiding sky investigation.
C. Refueling the Chinese space station. D. Providing support for the universe evolution.
13. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. The visual field of Hubble. B. The usable life span of a telescope.
C. The advantages of the CSST. D. The size of the aperture of Xuntian.
14. Why does the CSST fly independently in space?
A. To learn how to fly safely. B. To land accurately.
C. To get higher quality pictures. D. To avoid potential negative influence.
15. What is the significance of the CSST?
A. It can help to train the world’s astronomy scientists.
B. It will promote China’s ability in optical device making.
C. It will give the public chances to observe the universe directly.
D. It will help China hold a leading position in optical astronomy.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。中国巡天太空望远镜（CSST），也被称为“巽天”太空望远镜，是一种天基光学天文台，供天文学家进行天空巡天，捕捉天空的一般地图或图像。文章对中国巡天太空望远镜进行了详细介绍。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Chinese Survey Space Telescope (CSST), also known as Xuntian Space Telescope, is a space-based optical (光学的) observatory for astronomers to carry out sky surveys, capturing a general map or images of the sky.”(中国巡天太空望远镜（CSST），也被称为“巽天”太空望远镜，是一种天基光学天文台，供天文学家进行天空巡天，捕捉天空的一般地图或图像。)可知，CSST可以被用于协助天空调查。故选B。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段第一句和第二句“The CSST is a bus-sized facility with a length equal to that of a three-storied building. It has an aperture (孔径) of two meters, a bit smaller than the Hubble Space Telescope, but its field of view is 350 times larger than Hubble in area.”(CSST是公共汽车大小的设施，长度相当于3层楼。它的孔径为2米，比哈勃太空望远镜小一点，但它的视野面积是哈勃太空望远镜的350倍。)和最后一句中的“Hubble’s field of view is approximately one percent of the size of a fingernail at an arm’s length, thereby the telescope, in its thirties, observed only a tiny part of the sky.”(哈勃望远镜的视野在一臂的长度上大约是指甲大小的百分之一，因此，这台三十多岁的望远镜只能观测到天空的一小部分。)可知，第三段主要是讲相对于哈勃望远镜CSST的优势。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Li said the telescope was designed, in its initial plan, to be placed on the space station, but there would be disadvantages such as vibration, potential pollution and line-of-sight block from the space station.”(李说，在最初的计划中，这架望远镜被设计放在空间站上，但它会有一些缺点，比如振动、潜在的污染和空间站的视线遮挡。)可知，CSST在太空中独立飞行是为了避免潜在的负面影响。故选D。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句中的“The telescope can bring China’s research in optical astronomy to the forefront of the world and help cultivate (培养) world-class Chinese scientists”(该望远镜可以使中国的光学天文研究走在世界前列，并有助于培养世界级的中国科学家)可知，CSST的意义在于，它将有助于中国在光学天文学领域保持领先地位。故选D。
第二节 七选五阅读 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Harvesting fruits is a very demanding job. If pickers are not available, fruits will rot on the trees. But with pickers in short supply in recent years, growers needed to quickly find another way to harvest their fruits. ____16____
An Israeli company Tevel has developed these flying autonomous robots. The robots fly over a tree and pick fruits with its arms. They are fitted with cameras that use AI to assess the size and color of the fruit. ____17____ In addition, they can collect more fruits than a picker during a given time.
____18____ The flying robots are connected to a platform that acts as the power source so that they never run out of power. They will work all day and night in any weather without taking a break.
Dozens of these smart robots can be used across an orchard (果园) during the time when the fruit is ready to be harvested. The farmers just need to tell the company how many flying robots they need and how long they will use. ____19____
The robots arc now picking pears in Israel. The company also plans to add more tasks to the robot’s function. ____20____ In the future, fewer people will work in picking and more people will work in managing the robots, analyzing the data and making decisions.
A. So only the ripe ones are collected.
B. Now a new type of robot can come to their help.
C. Finding fruit pickers is farmers’ biggest concern.
D. They can receive timely information from the robots.
E. Another advantage of the robots is that they never feel tired.
F. Then the company will transport the robots to their orchards.
G. For example, they can be used to cut off branches and water fruits.
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. E 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍以色列的Tevel公司开发了可以帮助果农采摘水果的自动飞行机器人。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Harvesting fruits is a very demanding job. If pickers are not available, fruits will rot on the trees. But with pickers in short supply in recent years, growers needed to quickly find another way to harvest their fruits. (收获水果是一项要求很高的工作。如果没有采摘机，水果会烂在树上。但由于近年来采摘者供不应求，种植者需要迅速找到另一种收获水果的方法。)”和下文“An Israeli company Tevel has developed these flying autonomous robots. (以色列的一家公司Tevel开发了这些自动飞行机器人。)”可知，文章接下来要介绍一种可以帮助农民采摘水果的机器人。选项B“现在，一种新型机器人可以帮助他们。”和上下文意思一致。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据上文“The robots fly over a tree and pick fruits with its arms. They are fitted with cameras that use AI to assess the size and color of the fruit. (机器人飞过一棵树，用手臂摘水果。他们安装了摄像头，使用AI来评估水果的大小和颜色。)”可知，这里说明机器人要采摘什么样的水果。选项A“所以只收集成熟的。”和上文意思一致。故选A。
【18题详解】
根据下文“The flying robots are connected to a platform that acts as the power source so that they never run out of power. They will work all day and night in any weather without taking a break. (飞行机器人连接到一个平台上，该平台充当电源，因此它们永远不会耗尽电力。他们将在任何天气下没日没夜地工作，不休息。)”可知，这一段讲述机器人不会感到累。选项E“机器人的另一个优点是它们从不感到疲劳。”和下文意思一致。故选E。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Dozens of these smart robots can be used across an orchard (果园) during the time when the fruit is ready to be harvested. The farmers just need to tell the company how many flying robots they need and how long they will use. (几十个这样的智能机器人可以在水果准备收获的时候在整个果园中使用。农民们只需要告诉公司他们需要多少飞行机器人，他们将使用多长时间。)”可知，这一段讲述机器人采摘水果的步骤。选项F“然后公司将把机器人运送到他们的果园。”和上文意思一致。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据上文“The company also plans to add more tasks to the robot’s function. (该公司还计划为机器人的功能增加更多的任务。)”可知，接下来要介绍该公司为机器人增加的功能和任务。选项G“例如，它们可以用来切断树枝和浇水。”和上文意思一致。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was a dream born in fire. Andrea Peterson was 5 when she and her mother were trapped on the ledge of a burning building.
“Throw the kid down!” said one of the firemen ____21____, and little Andrea leaped into lifesaving arms and a life-long ____22____:She wanted to fight fires.
She told that to the men who had saved her, and they ____23____ the way grown-ups do when a kid says they want to be an astronaut or a sports star.
“You’ll be a good mommy,” the firemen told her. “You’ll be a good teacher, maybe you’ll be a nurse, but you can never be a(n) ____24____.”
And then, as it ____25____ to do, life sidelined her dreams. She was studying for a(n) ____26____ in aviation(航空)technology and that’s where she met her husband, Dennis.
Dennis was diagnosed with cancer. Peterson spent 31 years caring for the man she loved, and when they both ____27____Dennis was coming to the end of his struggle, he was ____28____but worried for her: “But what are you going to do?”
“I’ll be fine,” she told him. At 61, she went on an ambulance ride-along. It turned out to be a life-and-death situation, and Peterson felt that ____29____ childhood calling. She ____30____her emergency medical technician license and responded to fire calls with the ambulance. She found that her years of tending to Dennis had ____31____her for dealing with the variety of hurts and ills carried in her rig.
After a year, she told her boss she wanted to be a firefighter. The fact that everyone else in her training unit was between 18 and 21 didn’t ____32____her. She passed the written test, she cleared the physical and, ____33____, that little girl’s dream became a reality.
Peterson is ____34____. She knows that the window on her physical abilities won’t stay open forever. Still, “I worry a little when I get too old...I did get my ____35____.”
21. A. beyond B. below C. outside D. above
22. A. ambition B. friendship C. memory D. fortune
23. A. awed B. comforted C. suspected D. laughed
24. A. firefighter B. astronaut C. lawyer D. professor
25. A. suits B. ceases C. tends D. proves
26 A. cooperation B. degree C. test D. exam
27. A. realized B. assessed C. voted D. pretended
28. A. in bed B. at fault C. at peace D. in despair
29. A. life-long B. old-style C. old-fashioned D. long-ago
30. A. pursued B. obtained C. suspended D. outlined
31 A. refreshed B. accounted C. prepared D. occupied
32. A. discourage B. qualify C. cheat D. privilege
33. A. actually B. finally C. gradually D. obviously
34. A. incredible B. humble C. realistic D. decent
35. A. mercy B. mode C. milestone D. dream
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了彼得森5岁时和她的母亲被困在一幢着火的大楼里，在小安德烈跳进救生员的怀抱，她有了一个终身的抱负: 她想成为消防员。然而，生活让她的梦想黯然失色，直到61岁时，她经过自己的努力，最终实现了梦想。
【21题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：“把孩子扔下来！”下面的一个消防员说，小安德烈跳进救生员的怀抱，她有了一个终身的抱负: 她想扑灭火灾。A. beyond超过；B. below在……下面；C. outside在……外面；D. above在……上面。由上文“Throw the kid down!”可知，消防员站在下面，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“把孩子扔下来！”下面的一个消防员说，小安德烈跳进救生员的怀抱，她有了一个终身的抱负: 她想扑灭火灾。A. ambition雄心；抱负；B. friendship友谊；C. memory记忆；D. fortune好运。由下文“She wanted to fight fires.”可知，她想扑灭火灾，即成为一名消防员，这成为她终生的抱负，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把这些话告诉了那些救了她的人，他们笑了，就像当一个孩子说她/他想成为宇航员或体育明星时那样。A. awed使敬畏；B. comforted安慰；C. suspected怀疑；D. laughed大笑。由下文“the way grown-ups do when a kid says they want to be an astronaut or a sports star.”和““You’ll be a good mommy,” the firemen told her. “You’ll be a good teacher, maybe you’ll be a nurse, but you can never be a(n) ”可知，当听到女孩说自己想成为消防员时，消防员们都笑了，因为他们认为这不可能，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你会成为一个好老师，也许你会成为一名护士，但你永远不可能成为一名消防员。A. firefighter消防员；B. astronaut宇航员；C. lawyer律师；D. professor教授。由上文“She wanted to fight fires”女孩说自己想扑灭火可知，她想成为一名消防员，故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，事实往往如此，生活让她的梦想黯然失色。A. suits适合；B. ceases停止；C. tends照顾；往往会；D. proves证明。由下文“to do, life sidelined her dreams.”可知，此处表示事实往往如此，as it tends to do表示“事实往往如此”，故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她正在攻读航空技术学位时，在那里她遇到了她的丈夫丹尼斯。A. cooperation合作；B. degree度数；学位；C. test测试；D. exam考试。由下文“in aviation(航空)technology”可知，她攻读航空技术学位，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：彼得森花了31年的时间照顾她爱的男人，当他们都意识到丹尼斯即将结束他与疾病的斗争时，他很平静，但他担心她:“但你打算怎么办？”A. realized意识到；B. assessed评价；C. voted投票选举；D. pretended假装。由下文“Dennis was coming to the end of his struggle”可知，此处指意识到她的丈夫即将死去，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：彼得森花了31年的时间照顾她爱的男人，当他们都意识到丹尼斯即将结束他与疾病的斗争时，他很平静，但他担心她:“但你打算怎么办？”A. in bed在床上；B. at fault出毛病；C. at peace处于和平状态；D. in despair绝望地。由but可知，前面是转折关系，当他们意识到丹尼斯即将结束他与疾病的斗争时，丹尼斯很平静，但是却担心自己的妻子，故选C。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，这是一个生死攸关的情况，彼得森感觉到了很久以前童年的召唤。A. life-long毕生的；B. old-style旧式的；C. old-fashioned过时的；D. long-ago很久以前的。由下文“childhood calling” 可知，此处指很久以前想当消防员的那个梦想的召唤，故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她获得了紧急医疗救护技术员执照，并用救护车接到火警报警。A. pursued追求；B. obtained获得；C. suspended暂停；D. outlined概述。由下文“her emergency medical technician license and responded to fire calls with the ambulance.”可知，获得了紧急医疗救护技术员执照，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她发现多年来照顾丹尼斯已经使她做好了处理装备上各种各样的伤害和疾病的准备。A. refreshed使恢复精神；B. accounted把……视为；C. prepared准备；D. occupied使用。由上文“her years of tending to Dennis had”和下文“her for dealing with the variety of hurts and ills carried in her rig.”可知，多年来照顾丹尼斯已经使她做好了处理装备上各种各样的伤害和疾病的准备，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，她训练单位里的其他人都在18岁到21岁之间，这并没有让她泄气。A. discourage使泄气；B. qualify使又资格；C. cheat欺骗；D. privilege给予特权。由上文“everyone else in her training unit was between 18 and 21”和下文“She passed the written test, she cleared the physical”可知，彼得森训练单位里的其他人都在18岁到21岁之间，而她岁数较大，但这并没有使她泄气，故选A。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她通过了笔试，通过了体检，最终，那个小女孩的梦想成为了现实。A. actually事实上；B. finally最后；C. gradually逐渐地；D. obviously显然地。由上文“She passed the written test, she cleared the physical”和下文“that little girl’s dream became a reality.”可知，她通过了笔试，通过了体检，最终，那个小女孩的梦想成为了现实。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：彼得森很现实。A. incredible难以置信的；B. humble谦虚的；C. realistic现实的；D. decent体面的。由下文“She knows that the window on her physical abilities won’t stay open forever.”可知，彼得森很现实，故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，“当我变得太老时，我还是有点担心……我确实实现了我的梦想。”A. mercy仁慈；B. mode模式；C. milestone里程碑；D. dream梦想。由上文“I did get my”和全文可知，彼得森实现了自己儿时的梦想，故选D。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hugging’s Evolutionary Origins
Many of us are eager for the warmth of a hug nowadays. Humans biologically need touch, and a good long hug is one of the best ways ____36____ (get) it. Our need for a hug goes all the way back to the ____37____ (survive) of our species. When we’re born, we can’t care for ourselves and we need to be comfortable with being held in order to survive. We ____38____ (reward) when we have a comfortable hug. It is ____39____ rush of feel—good hormones (荷尔蒙) called oxytocin. When we can’t hug, we don’t get those good hormones.
We may not know ____40____ we’re getting from greeting our friends and family with a hug; we just enjoy it. It is not until those experiences are taken away that we feel pain and sadness. Some people grow up in more formal families ____41____ hugging isn’t common. Others may experience abuse that makes hugging ____42____ (please). ____43____ both cases, when children don’t experience healthy touch, their development will be affected. Kids who grew up without ____44____ (hold) miss out on that sense of safety and protection. They may act out or separate from ____45____ around them. Sometimes, the opposite may also be true. Some children may hope for any form of positive attention that they didn’t get at home.
【答案】36. to get
37. survival
38. are rewarded
39. a 40. what
41. where 42. unpleasant
43. In 44. being held
45. those
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。如今许多人都渴望得到温暖的拥抱，文章主要介绍了我们拥抱的原因，以及拥抱的好处。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：人类生理上需要触摸，一个长时间的拥抱是获得触摸的最好方式之一。空处是非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词way，名词way后面需要用不定式作后置定语，故填to get。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：我们对拥抱的需求可以追溯到我们种族的延续。此处应用名词survival作宾语，表示“存活”，为不可数名词。故填survival。
【38题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：当我们有一个舒适的拥抱时，我们会得到回报。句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语we和动词reward是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动，be动词应用are，故填are rewarded。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这是一种叫做后叶催产素良好荷尔蒙。rush表示“（强烈感情的）迸发”，为可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词来修饰，且rush发音是以辅音音素开头，应用a，故填a。
40题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：我们可能不知道我们从拥抱朋友和家人中得到了什么，我们只是享受它。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少getting后面的宾语，表示“……的事情”，应用what来引导宾语从句，故填what。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：有些人成长在一个很正式的家庭，在这种家庭里拥抱并不常见。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词families，且从句中缺少地点状语in the families，应用关系副词where来引导定语从句，故填where。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：其他人可能经历过虐待，这使拥抱变得不愉快。此处应用形容词作宾语补足语，根据句意可知，经历过虐待，所以“不愉快”，应用unpleasant作宾语补足语，表示“不愉快的”，故填unpleasant。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：在这两种情况下，当孩子没有经历健康的触摸，他们的发展将受到影响。case前需要加介词in，表示“在……的情况下”，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填In。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意： 那些没有被抱着长大的孩子会错过安全感和保护感。介词without后面应用动名词，作宾语，且此处表示“被拥抱”，应用动名词的被动语态being done的形式，故填being held。
【45题详解】
考查代词。句意：他们可能会与周围的人显得不合群。此处应用those代指他们之外的那些周围的人，故填those。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校的英语报正在校内招募“中国传统文化”专栏的编辑。请你写封电子邮件申请，内容包括。
1.表明意图；
2.自身优势；
3.表达期望。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:专栏column
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Sir or Madam,
Knowing that the school English newspaper is looking for an editor responsible for the column “Traditional Chinese Culture”, I’m writing to apply for the position.
I think I’m qualified for it. To begin with, I have a good command of English, especially written English. Besides, I have taken the part-time job as an English editor, from which I have gained relevant experience. More importantly, I have a rich knowledge of traditional Chinese culture.
I would really appreciate it if I could be given the precious chance. I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hui
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你校的英语报正在校内招募“中国传统文化”专栏的编辑。请你写封电子邮件申请。
【详解】1.词汇积累
寻找：look for→search for
职位：position→post
此外：besides→in addition
有关的：relevant→related
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：I think I’m qualified for it. To begin with, I have a good command of English, especially written English.
拓展句：I think I’m qualified for it because I have a good command of English, especially written English.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Knowing that the school English newspaper is looking for an editor responsible for the column “Traditional Chinese Culture”, I’m writing to apply for the position. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] Besides, I have taken the part-time job as an English editor, from which I have gained relevant experience. (运用了“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句)
第二节 读后续写 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Oh, no!” Jack shouted while looking at the likes and comments on his recent TikTok video.
“Why aren’t people reacting to my content as they used to?”
Jack was a 19-year-old strong and muscular man addicted to the gym. He loved recording exercise videos and posting them on his TikTok account. Initially, his video logs (vlogs) were popular, but his posts’ reach soon decreased.
Jack wondered why people had stopped sharing and liking his videos,“Maybe my audience is tired of watching me work out in the gym,” he thought, determined to change the location of his videos.
The following day, Jack went to the neighborhood park and began filming while walking on the track.“Hi, guys! How about we shake things up a little? I’m to work out in the park today!” he said excitedly, looking into the camera lens (镜头).
“Let’s look for a good spot to warm up,” he said as he walked towards a bench(长椅), on which sat an elderly lady. Jack thought the bench was the perfect place to film his video because of the light.
He put his tripod stand (三脚架) on the bench and set the camera, but he felt like he needed the full bench. He wanted to place his camera where the lady sat, so he gestured to her to move, but the woman didn’t seem to understand.
“Get out of my way!” he yelled.“Can’t you see I’m filming a video? You old fool!” Looking him up and down in surprise, the old lady didn’t argue over his disrespectful attitude and quietly walked towards another bench.
Jack set his camera up, pressed the record button and waved at his followers, ready to demonstrate exercises. Suddenly, he tripped on a loose stone, lost balance and fell down, his head striking the bench and bleeding heavily.
Crying in pain, Jack tried to get up, but he didn’t have the strength to rise. He collapsed on the ground, screaming desperately for help.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
There was nobody around but the elderly lady.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
To Jack’s joy, a net friend sent a message saying where the lady lived.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version
There was nobody around but the elderly lady. She hurried to him and bent down to check his injury. “God!” she gasped. “Don’t move. I’ll help you, son.” Looking at her kind face, Jack gradually lost consciousness. Having called an ambulance, the lady tended to his wounds carefully. Not until Jack came to and found himself and his belongings in an emergency room did he learn that the lady had contacted his family and quietly left. Overwhelmed by her virtue, Jack was desperate to find her. Fortunately, the rescue scene was wholly recorded by his camera. He posted the video online, requesting clues so that he could say thanks and sorry to her.
To Jack’s joy, a net friend sent a message saying where the lady lived. With gifts, Jack headed for the lady’s home. Answering the door, the lady was surprised but immediately got aware of what was going on. She gave Jack a hug, saying smilingly, “So glad to see you well, son.” “Sorry, I came for apologies. I behaved so rudely … and thanks for your help. Otherwise…” Jack choked, ashamed and grateful. “Treat others as you’d like to be treated. Everything will change for the better. I have faith in you,” she comforted the young man affectionately. The incident dramatically transformed Jack, who became helpful, friendly and popular.
【解析】
【导语】本文以事件发展为线索展开，讲述了作者担心抖音视频粉丝点赞数下降，拍视频的时候对一个老年人无礼，后来不小心受伤失去知觉的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“除了那位老太太，周围没有其他人”可知，第一段可描写作者失去知觉后，老太太打了急救电话并精心护理它，等作者醒来的时候老太太已经悄然离开。作者决定找到老人表示歉意，于是在网上发布视频寻找老人。
②由第二段首句内容“令杰克高兴的是，一位网友发了一条信息，说出了这位女士的住址”可知，第二段可描写作者在网友的帮助下找到老人，当面致歉并被原谅，老人告诉作者要善待他人。
2.续写线索：旁边只有老人——救护——醒来后感到愧疚——决心找到老人——网上发视频——当面致歉——被原谅——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①检查：check/inspect/look over
②得知：learn/find out
③看见：see/spot/catch sight of
情绪类
①向某人致谢：say thanks to sb/express one’s gratitude to sb
②惭愧的：ashamed/guilt-ridden
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Having called an ambulance, the lady tended to his wounds carefully.（现在分词短语作状语）
[高分句型2]. The incident dramatically transformed Jack, who became helpful, friendly and popular.（who 引导的定语从句）
听力答案：1-5 CBABC 6-10 BACCC 11-15 ABACB 16-20 ABABA
江苏省扬州中学2022-2023学年第二学期阶段性测试
高 二 英 语
2023.05
(试卷满分： 150分;考试时间：120分钟)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 5 小题;每题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man want to do?
A. Reserve a cheap hotel.
B. Go to Mexico on business.
C. Relax and enjoy himself.
2. What will the woman get?
A. Carpet cleaner. B. A paper towel. C. A glass of wine.
3. Who is the woman?
A. She’s a teacher. B. She’s a student. C. She’s an assistant.
4. Where are the speakers headed?
A. To a swimming pool. B. To the beach. C. To a restaurant.
5. Why is the museum of great significance?
A. It’s a museum for old art.
B. It will be built on a small island.
C. It’s the first of its kind in Indonesia.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第 6 和第 7 两个小题。
6. How much does an entrance ticket cost?
A. Two dollars. B. Five dollars. C. Seven dollars.
7. How does the woman pay?
A. In cash. B. By check. C. By credit card.
听下面一段对话，回答第 8 和第9两个小题。
8. Where did the tomato sauce come from?
A. A local farm.
B. A store only five miles away.
C. The man’s own tomatoes.
9. What does the woman think of cooking?
A. She enjoys it.
B. It makes her feel creative.
C. She doesn’t have the patience for it.
听下面一段对话，回答第 10 至第 12 三个小题。
10 What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Interviewer and interviewee. B. Husband and wife. C. Neighbors.
11. Where did the man go to college?
A. In Washington. B. In Texas. C. In Nebraska.
12. What is the woman’s job?
A. She is a computer programmer. B. She is a banker. C. She is an artist.
听下面一段对话，回答第 13 至第 16 四个小题。
13. What did Fitbit say about the recent study?
A. It was false.
B. It hurt their business.
C. They had no comment.
14. When does the man use his Fitbit?
A. Only when he’s exercising. B. During the daytime. C. All the time.
15. What does the man think of his Fitbit?
A. It’s sometimes uncomfortable to wear.
B. It’s a good value.
C. It is of little use.
16. How does the woman sound?
A. Interested. B. Bored. C. Upset.
听下面一段独白，回答第 17 至第 20 三个小题。
17. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. A search engine.
B. A language program.
C. A free lesson website for teachers.
18. How many people use Duolingo currently?
A. Over one hundred million. B. A few hundred thousand. C. Several thousand
19. Where is Luis von Ahn from?
A. Switzerland. B. Guatemala. C. Costa Rica.
20. How was Duolingo originally funded?
A. By big websites. B. By an actor. C. By schools.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题, 每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Amazing China in 60 Seconds is a short video series covering cultural and scenic hotspots across the country.
Tibet
Tibet autonomous region in Southwest China, home to the highest plateau(高原) on Earth, is known as the “roof of the world”. It’s a paradise for tourists with its towering snow mountains, vast grasslands, peaceful lakes and breathtaking views. Must-visit places include the Potala Palace - a UNESCO world heritage site, Mount Qomolangma, Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon and more.
Tibet is also famed for its rich ethnic culture, including the Tibetan dance, age-old thangka painting and Lum medicinal bathing of Sowa Rigpa - traditional Tibetan bathing for a medical purpose which was included in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO in 2018.
Tianjin
Neighboring the Chinese capital city of Beijing, Tianjin rests between the northern Yanshan Mountains and the coastal plain. Adjacent to the sea and rivers, it carries distinct ecological beauty.
Tianjin is where Eastern and Western cultures meet. It has many precious historical sites, former residences of celebrities and foreign-style architecture. Famous tourist destinations include the Tianjin Eye, the Huangyaguan Great Wall, and the Five Big Avenues area, which hosts about 2,000 villas in various Western styles built in the 1920s and 1930s.
Chongqing
Southwest China’s Chongqing is largely built on mountains and surrounded by rivers; thus it is known as the “mountain city”. Many people are drawn to Chongqing by its delicious food - especially its signature spicy hotpot - and natural scenery.
Boasting the largest number of hotpot restaurants in China, Chongqing was named “China’s Hotpot City” by the China Cuisine Association in 2007. Statistics show there are more than 50,000 hotpot eateries across the city. With more than 3,000 year of history, Chongqing still preserves traditional culture and lifestyles.
1. Where can you experience a bath with medicinal functions?
A. Tibet B. Tianjin C. Chongqing D. Sichuan
2. Which country’s villa style can’t you find in Tianjin?
A. Germany B. India C. France D. Italy
3. Where might this article come from?
A. Geography magazine B. Entertainment newspaper
C. Tourism website D. News report
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一部涵盖全国文化和风景热点的短视频系列《60秒惊艳中国》中的一些城市。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。由小标题Tibet中“Tibet is also famed for its rich ethnic culture, including the Tibetan dance, age-old thangka painting and Lum medicinal bathing of Sowa Rigpa - traditional Tibetan bathing for a medical purpose which was included in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO in 2018.(西藏还以其丰富的民族文化而闻名，包括藏族舞蹈、古老的唐卡绘画和Sowa Rigpa的Lum药浴——传统的藏医浴，于2018年被联合国教科文组织列入《人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录》。)”可知，在西藏可以体验药浴。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由小标题Tianjin中“Famous tourist destinations include the Tianjin Eye, the Huangyaguan Great Wall, and the Five Big Avenues area, which hosts about 2,000 villas in various Western styles built in the 1920s and 1930s.(著名的旅游目的地包括天津眼、黄崖关长城和五大道地区，那里有大约2000栋建于20世纪20年代和30年代的各种西式别墅。)”可知，这些别墅主要是西式的，没有印度风格。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“Amazing China in 60 Seconds is a short video series covering cultural and scenic hotspots across the country.(《60秒惊艳中国》是一部涵盖全国文化和风景热点的短视频系列。)”以及后文可知，文章主要介绍了《60秒惊艳中国》中的一些城市，介绍其文化和风景热点。结合选项可知，这篇文章可能来自于旅游网站。故选C项。
B
Despite Kyle Tianshi being only a 15-year-old US high schooler, he has published five sci-fi novels. His fifth book Eventide was released in July. However, this may not be his most impressive achievement as Kyle just received the “Hero Award”, a $20, 000 grand prize. It is the top honor in the California Youth Sustainability Awards. The competition aims to encourage and support young community leaders who are making a difference for sustainability in their communities by taking action for the planet.
Kyle, a sophomore from the Cambridge School in the US, received the honor for his portable invention called NEREID. The device can detect microscopic particles (粒子) in water by using a laser and microscope. These particles can be harmful to people and the environment.
Kyle came up with the idea for the invention based on his experience growing up in San Diego, California, US. People had no access to unpolluted drinking water and his parents asked him not to drink tap water. Kyle spent about $60 buying the tools needed to analyze the tap water: a laser, a microscope and a micro-computer. “It’s incredibly powerful for the price,” Kyle said. Then he used their family’s garage as his laboratory, doing research on the pollution of drinking water caused by micro-plastics.
Kyle hopes to bring to market a low-cost alternative tool for detecting micro-plastic pollution levels in drinking water. In this way, he can offer help to people who don’t have access to water filtration (过滤) systems. He has applied for a patent.
Kyle said his sister Emily, a freshman at Stanford University, inspired his interest in environmental research. She was recognized nationally for developing a water collection device. They have founded the Clearwater Innovation program to advocate for clean water through social media platforms and organize community cleanup events.
4. What do we know about Kyle?
A. He is good at adapting sci-fi works.
B. He entered many novel contests.
C. He received an award for his invention.
D. He’s found microscopic particles in water.
5. What led to Kyle’s creation of NEREID?
A. People’s lack of clean drinking water. B. People’s poor living conditions.
C. His desire to be a community leader. D. His family’s encouragement.
6. Which of the following best describes Kyle?
A. Considerate and brave. B. Optimistic and honest.
C. Determined and humorous. D. Responsible and creative.
7. What’s the text mainly about?
A. The introduction of NEREID. B. A boy’s contribution to literature.
C. The harm of polluted water. D. A US schooler’s water solution.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了15岁的Kyle Tianshi发明了检测水中有害的微观粒子的设备，获得了加州青年可持续发展奖的最高荣誉。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Kyle, a sophomore from the Cambridge School in the US, received the honor for his portable invention called NEREID.( Kyle是美国剑桥学院的一名二年级学生，他因便携式发明NEREID获得了这项荣誉)”可知，Kyle因他的发明而获奖。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Kyle came up with the idea for the invention based on his experience growing up in San Diego, California, US. People had no access to unpolluted drinking water and his parents asked him not to drink tap water.( Kyle基于他在美国加州圣地亚哥的成长经历，想出了这个发明的主意。人们喝不到无污染的饮用水，他的父母要求他不要喝自来水。)”可知，Kyle发明NEREID是由于人们缺乏干净的饮用水。故选A项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章内容，结合第二段第一句“Kyle, a sophomore from the Cambridge School in the US, received the honor for his portable invention called NEREID.(Kyle是美国剑桥学院的一名二年级学生，他因便携式发明NEREID获得了这项荣誉)”及文章最后一句“They have founded the Clearwater Innovation program to advocate for clean water through social media platforms and organize community cleanup events.(他们创立了清水创新项目，通过社交媒体平台倡导清洁用水，并组织社区清洁活动。)”可知，Kyle发明NEREID，使人们能够喝到干净的饮用水，并通过实际行动倡导清洁用水，保护环境，因此他有责任心且有创意，故选D项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段第一句“Kyle, a sophomore from the Cambridge School in the US, received the honor for his portable invention called NEREID.( Kyle是美国剑桥学院的一名二年级学生，他因便携式发明NEREID获得了这项荣誉)”可知，文章主要讲述15岁的Kyle Tianshi发明了检测水中有害的微观粒子的设备，使人们能够喝到干净的饮用水，还创立清水创新项目，倡导清洁用水，故D项“一位美国学生对于水的解决方案”能够概括文章大意。故选D项。
C
Zebrafish, named for their characteristic stripes (条纹), have been a popular test subject for researchers. Only a few centimeters in length, the fish reproduce easily in captivity (圈养), grow quickly, and their transparent body makes it easy to study their organs. Above all, they possess some surprising “self-healing” power. When part of their heart is removed, they can grow it back in a matter of weeks. When blinded, they can quickly regain the ability to see.
Recent studies show that humans and zebrafish have the same major organs and share 70 percent of the genes. Moreover, 84 percent of human genes associated with disease find a counterpart in zebrafish. Scientists thus hope that understanding the self-healing mystery of the fish may one day allow humans to regenerate (使……再生) such organs as eyes, hearts, and spines.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University are particularly interested in zebrafish retina (视网膜) regeneration. They have learned that damage of retina can cause blindness in zebrafish, yet it only takes about three to four weeks before vision is regained. The structure and cell types of zebrafish reins are almost the same to those of humans. If the process can be copied in humans, it may give rise to new treatments for blindness caused by retinal damage.
In order to know exactly how zebrafsh retina is regenerated, the team looked at the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a chemical messenger in the brain that reduces the activity of neurons. They found that lowering GABA levels in zebrafish can activate retina regeneration, while a high level of GABA concentration will suppress the regeneration process. This suggested that GABA plays an important role in the fish’s ability to regain their sight. The result served as a further proof to scientists previous work.
The team is beginning to test the GABA theory on mice. If that works, human trials will be next on the agenda. If the research proves successful in humans, some of the nearly 40 million blind people worldwide may one day have a tiny, striped fish to thank.
8. What’s the most amazing for zebrafish?
A. Its beautiful stripes. B. Its regeneration ability. C. Its transparent body. D. Its excellent eyesight.
9. What does the underlined word “suppress” mean in paragraph 4?
A. Hold back. B. Add up. C. Draw up. D. Get over.
10. What do we know about the study in Vanderbilt University?
A. Humans are currently under trial. B. The first experimental subject is mice.
C. The researchers had unexpected discoveries. D. The results are in line with previous study findings.
11. Which of the following is the best title of the text?
A. How Do Zebrafish Heal Themselves? B. What Is the Mystery of Zebrafish Retina?
C. Will Self-healing Power of Zebrafish Be Regained? D. Could the Tiny Zebrafish Teach Us to Cure Blindness?
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员通过一系列实验观察斑马鱼视网膜是如何再生的，并想通过这一机理为人类社会造福。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Above all, they possess some surprising “self-healing” power. When part of their heart is removed, they can grow it back in a matter of weeks.(最重要的是，它们具有一些令人惊讶的“自愈”能力。当它们的一部分心脏被切除后，它们可以在几周内重新长出来)”可知，斑马鱼最神奇的地方是它的再生能力。故选B。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据前文“They found that lowering GABA levels in zebrafish can activate retina regeneration(他们发现，降低斑马鱼体内的GABA水平可以激活视网膜再生)”后面的转折接连词while可知，斑马鱼体内的GABA水平较高相反会抑制视网膜再生。由此推知，划线词suppress是“抑制”的意思，与hold back意思接近。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“The result served as a further proof to scientists previous work.(这一结果进一步证明了科学家们之前的工作)”可知，范德比尔特大学的这项研究结果与之前的研究结果一致。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“If the research proves successful in humans, some of the nearly 40 million blind people worldwide may one day have a tiny, striped fish to thank.(如果这项研究在人类身上取得成功，那么世界上近4000万盲人中的一些人有一天可能会感谢一条小小的条纹鱼)”及全文可知，本文主要介绍了研究人员通过一系列实验观察斑马鱼视网膜是如何再生的，并想通过这一机理为人类社会造福。由此可知，“Could the Tiny Zebrafish Teach Us to Cure Blindness?(微小的斑马鱼能教我们治疗失明吗？)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
D
China’s telescope, planned to be launched at the end of 2023, is expected to provide humankind with fresh knowledge about distant galaxies, mysterious dark matter, and the past and future evolutions of the universe.
Chinese Survey Space Telescope (CSST), also known as Xuntian Space Telescope, is a space-based optical (光学的) observatory for astronomers to carry out sky surveys, capturing a general map or images of the sky.
The CSST is a bus-sized facility with a length equal to that of a three-storied building. It has an aperture (孔径) of two meters, a bit smaller than the Hubble Space Telescope, but its field of view is 350 times larger than Hubble in area. “The field of view is the area of the sky a telescope can see at one time,” said Li Ran, project scientist of the CSST Scientific Data Reduction System. “Hubble’s field of view is approximately one percent of the size of a fingernail at an arm’s length, thereby the telescope, in its thirties, observed only a tiny part of the sky.” Li added.
The telescope, during its normal observations, will fly independently in the same orbit as China’s space station but will maintain a large distance apart. Li said the telescope was designed, in its initial plan, to be placed on the space station, but there would be disadvantages such as vibration, potential pollution and line-of-sight block from the space station. The CSST can land on the space station for refueling and servicing as needed.
“The telescope can bring China’s research in optical astronomy to the forefront of the world and help cultivate (培养) world-class Chinese scientists,” Li noted. “It can also take breathtaking visible pictures, allowing the public to directly feel and understand the universe.”
12. What can the CSST be used for?
A. Getting general map of the Earth. B. Aiding sky investigation.
C. Refueling the Chinese space station. D. Providing support for the universe evolution.
13. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. The visual field of Hubble. B. The usable life span of a telescope.
C. The advantages of the CSST. D. The size of the aperture of Xuntian.
14. Why does the CSST fly independently in space?
A. To learn how to fly safely. B. To land accurately.
C. To get higher quality pictures. D. To avoid potential negative influence.
15. What is the significance of the CSST?
A. It can help to train the world’s astronomy scientists.
B. It will promote China’s ability in optical device making.
C. It will give the public chances to observe the universe directly.
D. It will help China hold a leading position in optical astronomy.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。中国巡天太空望远镜（CSST），也被称为“巽天”太空望远镜，是一种天基光学天文台，供天文学家进行天空巡天，捕捉天空的一般地图或图像。文章对中国巡天太空望远镜进行了详细介绍。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Chinese Survey Space Telescope (CSST), also known as Xuntian Space Telescope, is a space-based optical (光学的) observatory for astronomers to carry out sky surveys, capturing a general map or images of the sky.”(中国巡天太空望远镜（CSST），也被称为“巽天”太空望远镜，是一种天基光学天文台，供天文学家进行天空巡天，捕捉天空的一般地图或图像。)可知，CSST可以被用于协助天空调查。故选B。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段第一句和第二句“The CSST is a bus-sized facility with a length equal to that of a three-storied building. It has an aperture (孔径) of two meters, a bit smaller than the Hubble Space Telescope, but its field of view is 350 times larger than Hubble in area.”(CSST是公共汽车大小的设施，长度相当于3层楼。它的孔径为2米，比哈勃太空望远镜小一点，但它的视野面积是哈勃太空望远镜的350倍。)和最后一句中的“Hubble’s field of view is approximately one percent of the size of a fingernail at an arm’s length, thereby the telescope, in its thirties, observed only a tiny part of the sky.”(哈勃望远镜的视野在一臂的长度上大约是指甲大小的百分之一，因此，这台三十多岁的望远镜只能观测到天空的一小部分。)可知，第三段主要是讲相对于哈勃望远镜CSST的优势。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Li said the telescope was designed, in its initial plan, to be placed on the space station, but there would be disadvantages such as vibration, potential pollution and line-of-sight block from the space station.”(李说，在最初的计划中，这架望远镜被设计放在空间站上，但它会有一些缺点，比如振动、潜在的污染和空间站的视线遮挡。)可知，CSST在太空中独立飞行是为了避免潜在的负面影响。故选D。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句中的“The telescope can bring China’s research in optical astronomy to the forefront of the world and help cultivate (培养) world-class Chinese scientists”(该望远镜可以使中国的光学天文研究走在世界前列，并有助于培养世界级的中国科学家)可知，CSST的意义在于，它将有助于中国在光学天文学领域保持领先地位。故选D。
第二节 七选五阅读 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Harvesting fruits is a very demanding job. If pickers are not available, fruits will rot on the trees. But with pickers in short supply in recent years, growers needed to quickly find another way to harvest their fruits. ____16____
An Israeli company Tevel has developed these flying autonomous robots. The robots fly over a tree and pick fruits with its arms. They are fitted with cameras that use AI to assess the size and color of the fruit. ____17____ In addition, they can collect more fruits than a picker during a given time.
____18____ The flying robots are connected to a platform that acts as the power source so that they never run out of power. They will work all day and night in any weather without taking a break.
Dozens of these smart robots can be used across an orchard (果园) during the time when the fruit is ready to be harvested. The farmers just need to tell the company how many flying robots they need and how long they will use. ____19____
The robots arc now picking pears in Israel. The company also plans to add more tasks to the robot’s function. ____20____ In the future, fewer people will work in picking and more people will work in managing the robots, analyzing the data and making decisions.
A. So only the ripe ones are collected.
B. Now a new type of robot can come to their help.
C. Finding fruit pickers is farmers’ biggest concern.
D. They can receive timely information from the robots.
E. Another advantage of the robots is that they never feel tired.
F. Then the company will transport the robots to their orchards.
G. For example, they can be used to cut off branches and water fruits.
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. E 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍以色列的Tevel公司开发了可以帮助果农采摘水果的自动飞行机器人。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Harvesting fruits is a very demanding job. If pickers are not available, fruits will rot on the trees. But with pickers in short supply in recent years, growers needed to quickly find another way to harvest their fruits. (收获水果是一项要求很高的工作。如果没有采摘机，水果会烂在树上。但由于近年来采摘者供不应求，种植者需要迅速找到另一种收获水果的方法。)”和下文“An Israeli company Tevel has developed these flying autonomous robots. (以色列的一家公司Tevel开发了这些自动飞行机器人。)”可知，文章接下来要介绍一种可以帮助农民采摘水果的机器人。选项B“现在，一种新型机器人可以帮助他们。”和上下文意思一致。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据上文“The robots fly over a tree and pick fruits with its arms. They are fitted with cameras that use AI to assess the size and color of the fruit. (机器人飞过一棵树，用手臂摘水果。他们安装了摄像头，使用AI来评估水果的大小和颜色。)”可知，这里说明机器人要采摘什么样的水果。选项A“所以只收集成熟的。”和上文意思一致。故选A。
【18题详解】
根据下文“The flying robots are connected to a platform that acts as the power source so that they never run out of power. They will work all day and night in any weather without taking a break. (飞行机器人连接到一个平台上，该平台充当电源，因此它们永远不会耗尽电力。他们将在任何天气下没日没夜地工作，不休息。)”可知，这一段讲述机器人不会感到累。选项E“机器人的另一个优点是它们从不感到疲劳。”和下文意思一致。故选E。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Dozens of these smart robots can be used across an orchard (果园) during the time when the fruit is ready to be harvested. The farmers just need to tell the company how many flying robots they need and how long they will use. (几十个这样的智能机器人可以在水果准备收获的时候在整个果园中使用。农民们只需要告诉公司他们需要多少飞行机器人，他们将使用多长时间。)”可知，这一段讲述机器人采摘水果的步骤。选项F“然后公司将把机器人运送到他们的果园。”和上文意思一致。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据上文“The company also plans to add more tasks to the robot’s function. (该公司还计划为机器人的功能增加更多的任务。)”可知，接下来要介绍该公司为机器人增加的功能和任务。选项G“例如，它们可以用来切断树枝和浇水。”和上文意思一致。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was a dream born in fire. Andrea Peterson was 5 when she and her mother were trapped on the ledge of a burning building.
“Throw the kid down!” said one of the firemen ____21____, and little Andrea leaped into lifesaving arms and a life-long ____22____:She wanted to fight fires.
She told that to the men who had saved her, and they ____23____ the way grown-ups do when a kid says they want to be an astronaut or a sports star.
“You’ll be a good mommy,” the firemen told her. “You’ll be a good teacher, maybe you’ll be a nurse, but you can never be a(n) ____24____.”
And then, as it ____25____ to do, life sidelined her dreams. She was studying for a(n) ____26____ in aviation(航空)technology and that’s where she met her husband, Dennis.
Dennis was diagnosed with cancer. Peterson spent 31 years caring for the man she loved, and when they both ____27____Dennis was coming to the end of his struggle, he was ____28____but worried for her: “But what are you going to do?”
“I’ll be fine,” she told him. At 61, she went on an ambulance ride-along. It turned out to be a life-and-death situation, and Peterson felt that ____29____ childhood calling. She ____30____her emergency medical technician license and responded to fire calls with the ambulance. She found that her years of tending to Dennis had ____31____her for dealing with the variety of hurts and ills carried in her rig.
After a year, she told her boss she wanted to be a firefighter. The fact that everyone else in her training unit was between 18 and 21 didn’t ____32____her. She passed the written test, she cleared the physical and, ____33____, that little girl’s dream became a reality.
Peterson is ____34____. She knows that the window on her physical abilities won’t stay open forever. Still, “I worry a little when I get too old...I did get my ____35____.”
21. A. beyond B. below C. outside D. above
22. A. ambition B. friendship C. memory D. fortune
23. A. awed B. comforted C. suspected D. laughed
24. A. firefighter B. astronaut C. lawyer D. professor
25. A. suits B. ceases C. tends D. proves
26 A. cooperation B. degree C. test D. exam
27. A. realized B. assessed C. voted D. pretended
28. A. in bed B. at fault C. at peace D. in despair
29. A. life-long B. old-style C. old-fashioned D. long-ago
30. A. pursued B. obtained C. suspended D. outlined
31 A. refreshed B. accounted C. prepared D. occupied
32. A. discourage B. qualify C. cheat D. privilege
33. A. actually B. finally C. gradually D. obviously
34. A. incredible B. humble C. realistic D. decent
35. A. mercy B. mode C. milestone D. dream
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了彼得森5岁时和她的母亲被困在一幢着火的大楼里，在小安德烈跳进救生员的怀抱，她有了一个终身的抱负: 她想成为消防员。然而，生活让她的梦想黯然失色，直到61岁时，她经过自己的努力，最终实现了梦想。
【21题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：“把孩子扔下来！”下面的一个消防员说，小安德烈跳进救生员的怀抱，她有了一个终身的抱负: 她想扑灭火灾。A. beyond超过；B. below在……下面；C. outside在……外面；D. above在……上面。由上文“Throw the kid down!”可知，消防员站在下面，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“把孩子扔下来！”下面的一个消防员说，小安德烈跳进救生员的怀抱，她有了一个终身的抱负: 她想扑灭火灾。A. ambition雄心；抱负；B. friendship友谊；C. memory记忆；D. fortune好运。由下文“She wanted to fight fires.”可知，她想扑灭火灾，即成为一名消防员，这成为她终生的抱负，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把这些话告诉了那些救了她的人，他们笑了，就像当一个孩子说她/他想成为宇航员或体育明星时那样。A. awed使敬畏；B. comforted安慰；C. suspected怀疑；D. laughed大笑。由下文“the way grown-ups do when a kid says they want to be an astronaut or a sports star.”和““You’ll be a good mommy,” the firemen told her. “You’ll be a good teacher, maybe you’ll be a nurse, but you can never be a(n) ”可知，当听到女孩说自己想成为消防员时，消防员们都笑了，因为他们认为这不可能，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你会成为一个好老师，也许你会成为一名护士，但你永远不可能成为一名消防员。A. firefighter消防员；B. astronaut宇航员；C. lawyer律师；D. professor教授。由上文“She wanted to fight fires”女孩说自己想扑灭火可知，她想成为一名消防员，故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，事实往往如此，生活让她的梦想黯然失色。A. suits适合；B. ceases停止；C. tends照顾；往往会；D. proves证明。由下文“to do, life sidelined her dreams.”可知，此处表示事实往往如此，as it tends to do表示“事实往往如此”，故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她正在攻读航空技术学位时，在那里她遇到了她的丈夫丹尼斯。A. cooperation合作；B. degree度数；学位；C. test测试；D. exam考试。由下文“in aviation(航空)technology”可知，她攻读航空技术学位，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：彼得森花了31年的时间照顾她爱的男人，当他们都意识到丹尼斯即将结束他与疾病的斗争时，他很平静，但他担心她:“但你打算怎么办？”A. realized意识到；B. assessed评价；C. voted投票选举；D. pretended假装。由下文“Dennis was coming to the end of his struggle”可知，此处指意识到她的丈夫即将死去，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：彼得森花了31年的时间照顾她爱的男人，当他们都意识到丹尼斯即将结束他与疾病的斗争时，他很平静，但他担心她:“但你打算怎么办？”A. in bed在床上；B. at fault出毛病；C. at peace处于和平状态；D. in despair绝望地。由but可知，前面是转折关系，当他们意识到丹尼斯即将结束他与疾病的斗争时，丹尼斯很平静，但是却担心自己的妻子，故选C。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，这是一个生死攸关的情况，彼得森感觉到了很久以前童年的召唤。A. life-long毕生的；B. old-style旧式的；C. old-fashioned过时的；D. long-ago很久以前的。由下文“childhood calling” 可知，此处指很久以前想当消防员的那个梦想的召唤，故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她获得了紧急医疗救护技术员执照，并用救护车接到火警报警。A. pursued追求；B. obtained获得；C. suspended暂停；D. outlined概述。由下文“her emergency medical technician license and responded to fire calls with the ambulance.”可知，获得了紧急医疗救护技术员执照，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她发现多年来照顾丹尼斯已经使她做好了处理装备上各种各样的伤害和疾病的准备。A. refreshed使恢复精神；B. accounted把……视为；C. prepared准备；D. occupied使用。由上文“her years of tending to Dennis had”和下文“her for dealing with the variety of hurts and ills carried in her rig.”可知，多年来照顾丹尼斯已经使她做好了处理装备上各种各样的伤害和疾病的准备，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，她训练单位里的其他人都在18岁到21岁之间，这并没有让她泄气。A. discourage使泄气；B. qualify使又资格；C. cheat欺骗；D. privilege给予特权。由上文“everyone else in her training unit was between 18 and 21”和下文“She passed the written test, she cleared the physical”可知，彼得森训练单位里的其他人都在18岁到21岁之间，而她岁数较大，但这并没有使她泄气，故选A。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她通过了笔试，通过了体检，最终，那个小女孩的梦想成为了现实。A. actually事实上；B. finally最后；C. gradually逐渐地；D. obviously显然地。由上文“She passed the written test, she cleared the physical”和下文“that little girl’s dream became a reality.”可知，她通过了笔试，通过了体检，最终，那个小女孩的梦想成为了现实。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：彼得森很现实。A. incredible难以置信的；B. humble谦虚的；C. realistic现实的；D. decent体面的。由下文“She knows that the window on her physical abilities won’t stay open forever.”可知，彼得森很现实，故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，“当我变得太老时，我还是有点担心……我确实实现了我的梦想。”A. mercy仁慈；B. mode模式；C. milestone里程碑；D. dream梦想。由上文“I did get my”和全文可知，彼得森实现了自己儿时的梦想，故选D。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hugging’s Evolutionary Origins
Many of us are eager for the warmth of a hug nowadays. Humans biologically need touch, and a good long hug is one of the best ways ____36____ (get) it. Our need for a hug goes all the way back to the ____37____ (survive) of our species. When we’re born, we can’t care for ourselves and we need to be comfortable with being held in order to survive. We ____38____ (reward) when we have a comfortable hug. It is ____39____ rush of feel—good hormones (荷尔蒙) called oxytocin. When we can’t hug, we don’t get those good hormones.
We may not know ____40____ we’re getting from greeting our friends and family with a hug; we just enjoy it. It is not until those experiences are taken away that we feel pain and sadness. Some people grow up in more formal families ____41____ hugging isn’t common. Others may experience abuse that makes hugging ____42____ (please). ____43____ both cases, when children don’t experience healthy touch, their development will be affected. Kids who grew up without ____44____ (hold) miss out on that sense of safety and protection. They may act out or separate from ____45____ around them. Sometimes, the opposite may also be true. Some children may hope for any form of positive attention that they didn’t get at home.
【答案】36. to get
37. survival
38. are rewarded
39. a 40. what
41. where 42. unpleasant
43. In 44. being held
45. those
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。如今许多人都渴望得到温暖的拥抱，文章主要介绍了我们拥抱的原因，以及拥抱的好处。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：人类生理上需要触摸，一个长时间的拥抱是获得触摸的最好方式之一。空处是非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词way，名词way后面需要用不定式作后置定语，故填to get。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：我们对拥抱的需求可以追溯到我们种族的延续。此处应用名词survival作宾语，表示“存活”，为不可数名词。故填survival。
【38题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：当我们有一个舒适的拥抱时，我们会得到回报。句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语we和动词reward是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动，be动词应用are，故填are rewarded。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这是一种叫做后叶催产素良好荷尔蒙。rush表示“（强烈感情的）迸发”，为可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词来修饰，且rush发音是以辅音音素开头，应用a，故填a。
40题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：我们可能不知道我们从拥抱朋友和家人中得到了什么，我们只是享受它。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少getting后面的宾语，表示“……的事情”，应用what来引导宾语从句，故填what。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：有些人成长在一个很正式的家庭，在这种家庭里拥抱并不常见。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词families，且从句中缺少地点状语in the families，应用关系副词where来引导定语从句，故填where。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：其他人可能经历过虐待，这使拥抱变得不愉快。此处应用形容词作宾语补足语，根据句意可知，经历过虐待，所以“不愉快”，应用unpleasant作宾语补足语，表示“不愉快的”，故填unpleasant。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：在这两种情况下，当孩子没有经历健康的触摸，他们的发展将受到影响。case前需要加介词in，表示“在……的情况下”，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填In。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意： 那些没有被抱着长大的孩子会错过安全感和保护感。介词without后面应用动名词，作宾语，且此处表示“被拥抱”，应用动名词的被动语态being done的形式，故填being held。
【45题详解】
考查代词。句意：他们可能会与周围的人显得不合群。此处应用those代指他们之外的那些周围的人，故填those。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校的英语报正在校内招募“中国传统文化”专栏的编辑。请你写封电子邮件申请，内容包括。
1.表明意图；
2.自身优势；
3.表达期望。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:专栏column
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Sir or Madam,
Knowing that the school English newspaper is looking for an editor responsible for the column “Traditional Chinese Culture”, I’m writing to apply for the position.
I think I’m qualified for it. To begin with, I have a good command of English, especially written English. Besides, I have taken the part-time job as an English editor, from which I have gained relevant experience. More importantly, I have a rich knowledge of traditional Chinese culture.
I would really appreciate it if I could be given the precious chance. I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hui
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你校的英语报正在校内招募“中国传统文化”专栏的编辑。请你写封电子邮件申请。
【详解】1.词汇积累
寻找：look for→search for
职位：position→post
此外：besides→in addition
有关的：relevant→related
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：I think I’m qualified for it. To begin with, I have a good command of English, especially written English.
拓展句：I think I’m qualified for it because I have a good command of English, especially written English.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Knowing that the school English newspaper is looking for an editor responsible for the column “Traditional Chinese Culture”, I’m writing to apply for the position. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] Besides, I have taken the part-time job as an English editor, from which I have gained relevant experience. (运用了“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句)
第二节 读后续写 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Oh, no!” Jack shouted while looking at the likes and comments on his recent TikTok video.
“Why aren’t people reacting to my content as they used to?”
Jack was a 19-year-old strong and muscular man addicted to the gym. He loved recording exercise videos and posting them on his TikTok account. Initially, his video logs (vlogs) were popular, but his posts’ reach soon decreased.
Jack wondered why people had stopped sharing and liking his videos,“Maybe my audience is tired of watching me work out in the gym,” he thought, determined to change the location of his videos.
The following day, Jack went to the neighborhood park and began filming while walking on the track.“Hi, guys! How about we shake things up a little? I’m to work out in the park today!” he said excitedly, looking into the camera lens (镜头).
“Let’s look for a good spot to warm up,” he said as he walked towards a bench(长椅), on which sat an elderly lady. Jack thought the bench was the perfect place to film his video because of the light.
He put his tripod stand (三脚架) on the bench and set the camera, but he felt like he needed the full bench. He wanted to place his camera where the lady sat, so he gestured to her to move, but the woman didn’t seem to understand.
“Get out of my way!” he yelled.“Can’t you see I’m filming a video? You old fool!” Looking him up and down in surprise, the old lady didn’t argue over his disrespectful attitude and quietly walked towards another bench.
Jack set his camera up, pressed the record button and waved at his followers, ready to demonstrate exercises. Suddenly, he tripped on a loose stone, lost balance and fell down, his head striking the bench and bleeding heavily.
Crying in pain, Jack tried to get up, but he didn’t have the strength to rise. He collapsed on the ground, screaming desperately for help.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
There was nobody around but the elderly lady.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
To Jack’s joy, a net friend sent a message saying where the lady lived.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version
There was nobody around but the elderly lady. She hurried to him and bent down to check his injury. “God!” she gasped. “Don’t move. I’ll help you, son.” Looking at her kind face, Jack gradually lost consciousness. Having called an ambulance, the lady tended to his wounds carefully. Not until Jack came to and found himself and his belongings in an emergency room did he learn that the lady had contacted his family and quietly left. Overwhelmed by her virtue, Jack was desperate to find her. Fortunately, the rescue scene was wholly recorded by his camera. He posted the video online, requesting clues so that he could say thanks and sorry to her.
To Jack’s joy, a net friend sent a message saying where the lady lived. With gifts, Jack headed for the lady’s home. Answering the door, the lady was surprised but immediately got aware of what was going on. She gave Jack a hug, saying smilingly, “So glad to see you well, son.” “Sorry, I came for apologies. I behaved so rudely … and thanks for your help. Otherwise…” Jack choked, ashamed and grateful. “Treat others as you’d like to be treated. Everything will change for the better. I have faith in you,” she comforted the young man affectionately. The incident dramatically transformed Jack, who became helpful, friendly and popular.
【解析】
【导语】本文以事件发展为线索展开，讲述了作者担心抖音视频粉丝点赞数下降，拍视频的时候对一个老年人无礼，后来不小心受伤失去知觉的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“除了那位老太太，周围没有其他人”可知，第一段可描写作者失去知觉后，老太太打了急救电话并精心护理它，等作者醒来的时候老太太已经悄然离开。作者决定找到老人表示歉意，于是在网上发布视频寻找老人。
②由第二段首句内容“令杰克高兴的是，一位网友发了一条信息，说出了这位女士的住址”可知，第二段可描写作者在网友的帮助下找到老人，当面致歉并被原谅，老人告诉作者要善待他人。
2.续写线索：旁边只有老人——救护——醒来后感到愧疚——决心找到老人——网上发视频——当面致歉——被原谅——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①检查：check/inspect/look over
②得知：learn/find out
③看见：see/spot/catch sight of
情绪类
①向某人致谢：say thanks to sb/express one’s gratitude to sb
②惭愧的：ashamed/guilt-ridden
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Having called an ambulance, the lady tended to his wounds carefully.（现在分词短语作状语）
[高分句型2]. The incident dramatically transformed Jack, who became helpful, friendly and popular.（who 引导的定语从句）
听力答案：1-5 CBABC 6-10 BACCC 11-15 ABACB 16-20 ABABA
相关试卷
江苏省扬州市扬州中学2022-2023学年高一下学期3月月考英语试题（Word版附解析）： 这是一份江苏省扬州市扬州中学2022-2023学年高一下学期3月月考英语试题（Word版附解析），共25页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
江苏省扬州中学2022-2023学年高一下学期3月月考英语试题（解析版）： 这是一份江苏省扬州中学2022-2023学年高一下学期3月月考英语试题（解析版），共25页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
江苏省扬州中学2022-2023学年高一下学期5月月考英语试题（含解析）： 这是一份江苏省扬州中学2022-2023学年高一下学期5月月考英语试题（含解析），共25页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，用单词的适当形式完成句子，完成句子，感谢信/祝贺信等内容，欢迎下载使用。
