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河南省驻马店高级中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题
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这是一份河南省驻马店高级中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题，共15页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
高二下学期期中考试英语试题
时间：120分钟
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Archaeology camp
Each summer, the Public Archaeology Facility’s Community Archaeology Program offers a week-long program focused on archaeology for kids entering Grades 5 and 6. The program is taught by professional archaeologists from Binghamton University. Students will learn about the science of archaeology through hands-on, interactive classroom projects, laboratory tours, outdoor activities, and a visit to a local archaeological site.
Our 2023 Research Site is the Whitney Point Bridge site. Broome County, New York. Dates: July 13-17, 2023
Time: 8:30 am -4:30 pm
Tickets: $200 per participant (a 10% discount before May 15,2023) The session is limited to 16 students to ensure the best educational setting.
Participants will spend the first two days of the program learning about ancient cultures, archaeological concepts, and practicing fieldwork techniques, and artifact (人工制品) classification and preservation. Kids will take part in exciting activities in experimental and creative archaeology, including pottery (陶器) construction and a cross-country race.
On the third and fourth days, participants will explore local historic sites long - covered by plants, and learn how archaeologists survey sites using direct measurements, digital cameras, careful notes, and hand - held GPS units. This trip will also provide an opportunity to learn more about the environment in which these sites were created.
On the last day - the program will travel to a local historically significant archaeological site currently being excavated (挖掘) by the Public Archaeology Facility where students will observe professional excavations, Participants will be able to assist in some of the tasks at the site, including screening (筛查；甄别) for artifacts, note - taking, and site interpretation.
1. What do we know about the archaeology camp?
A. It lasts for a whole month. B. It is limited to a dozen kids.
C. It is guided by university experts. D It is intended for high school students.
2. How much should two kids pay if they buy tickets before March 15, 2023?
A. $200. B. $360. C. $380. D. $400.
3. What will participants probably do on July 16, 2023?
A. Conduct a survey in the field. B. Help reconstruct ancient objects.
C. Observe professional excavations. D Learn about artifact classification.
B
Standing on the shore of a lake. I can’t help but marvel at the tens or hundreds of thousands of small rocks that surround my boots. They were all created from hard surfaces, their edges softening over time.
And I wonder, can we learn from a pile of rocks?
Even the tallest mountains have worn down; none are as tall as they were 1,000 years ago. And much like a rock, I’ve found my attitude has softened and my desire to better understand others has expanded with each trip around the sun.
Once I too was a sharp rock covered in pointy edges. Today, after decades of the waters of life coursing over me, my edges are softer and more understanding. I’m less likely to judge and more interested in learning how we can exist together.
But I’m not a rock. I’m a human being filled with all the drama built into my DNA.
Two years ago, while traveling in the Pacific Northwest, I watched a restaurant owner ask several people to leave for not wearing masks. Not forceful and not rude. On the door read a sign: “Please wear a mask before entering our restaurant. We don’t like it either, but let’s all do what we can to get through this together.”
The group of young men wished to argue about the note.
I sat watching, understanding both sides. I’ve been those guys before, using my youthful edges to chip away at the world. What I lost, however, was the ability to grow from experiences by looking through the eyes of others. In learning to be more open, I’ve also found more happiness and success.
You can fit more rounded rocks in a jar than those with sharp edges. The former look for ways to adjust and make room for others; the latter never give an inch to accommodate others.
Time, like the waters rolling against once sharp stones, changes us by washing away our resistance to seeing the world from another’s point of view.
I placed a rounded stone into my jacket pocket. Mother Nature is holding class again.
4. What does the author compare the rocks to?
A. People’s abilities. B. People’s personalities.
C. What nature offers us. D Challenges we come across.
5. Why did the group of guys argue in the restaurant?
A. They were dissatisfied with the owner’s attitude to them.
B. They were unwilling to do what the owner wished them to.
C. They intended to skip out on the bill due to the poor service.
D They were not allowed to leave the restaurant for their rudeness.
6. What does the author want to tell us with this text?
A. We should adjust to new conditions.
B. Be brave when in the face of difficulties in life.
C. It’s necessary to consider the feelings of others.
D Being open and understanding brings you more happiness.
7. What might be the best title of the text?
A. Changing with Time B. Learning from Nature
C. Growing from Experiences D Seeing from a Different Angle
C
Carlos Slim’s proposal that we work a three - day week sounds crazy. But many, in 1922, thought Henry Ford crazy when he announced that his staff would work a five - day week.
Our working week seems normal to us because it is what we all always do. He certainly could be for those he was most concerned about when he made his three - day - week statement at a business conference in Paraguay: the workers who are not ready to retire. As Mr. Slim said, it no longer makes sense for people to stop working in their fifties or sixties when they may still have up to a third of their lives ahead of them. “People are going to have to work for more years, until they are 70 or 75, and just work three days a week - perhaps 11 hours a day.” he said.
Keeping older employees at work makes sense for societies, especially those with a diminishing number of young people who are expected to support long - living retirees.
He appeared to be suggesting that these short - week workers earn the same as they did full - time. That is what happens at Telmex, his Mexican fixed - line phone company, where those qualified for retirement can choose to work four - day weeks on full pay.
Older workers elsewhere might prefer shorter weeks on reduced pay - and eight or nine - hour days rather than 11. Their companies might value keeping their experience while saving money on their salaries. What about everyone else? There are those who are unemployed, or in unstable jobs, who would be delighted to have three secure, well - paid days of work a week.
Shorter weeks don’t work in every job, but they work in more jobs than most tradition - bound managers think. Agreeing to them requires two shifts in management thinking. The first is the realization that much of the time spent in offices is wasted anyway. Second, senior executives need ro understand that the best way to measure people is by the work they produce - not by how much time they spend at their desks.
People living longer, in better health, are changing working life too. Mr. Slim’s idea is in tune with the times.
8. According to paragraph 2 why did Mr. Slim think it unwise for people in their fifties or sixties to retire?
A. Because they have longer life to live in their future.
B. Because they have children and old parents to support.
C. Because they have much interest in their present work.
D Because they have more experience than young workers.
9. What can we infer from the passage?
A. The decision of working five days a week by Ford was considered normal in the past.
B. Old people continuing working can reduce young people’s pressure to support their old parents.
C. Some companies don’t want their old workers to go on working because they can save money.
D Much time spent at work is wasted if managers don’t agree to reduce old employees’ working time.
10. What does the underlined phrase “in tune with” mean in the last paragraph?
A. Different from. B. Superior to.
C. Far from. D Consistent with.
11. What is the best title for this passage?
A. Retire Or Not, This Is A Question!
B. Shorter Weeks Is Welcome By All
C. Working Three Days A Week: A Great Idea
D Carlos Slim - Crazy For More Resting Time
D
Housing ranks high among the numerous challenges that still need to be overcome before humans can colonize (征服) Mars. The brave pioneers that make the six-month voyage to the Red Planet will need a place to live in as soon as they land. While the best solution would be to have the structures ready before they get there, it has so far been a challenge given that most construction robots have never made it out of the laboratory. Now, there may be a bit of hope thanks to Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s newly revealed Digital Construction Platform (DCP).
The DCP comprises a double arm system that is fitted on a tracked vehicle. As the larger arm moves, the smaller, precision motor robotic arm builds the structure by shooting out the necessary construction material, ranging from insulation foam (绝缘泡沫) to concrete. The team of researchers led by Ph. D Steven Keating say that unlike other 3-D printers that are limited to building objects that fit within their overall enclosure, DCP’s free moving systems can be used to construct structures of any size.
The team recently demonstrated the DCP’s building skills on an empty field in Mountain View, CA. The robot began by creating a mold with expanding foam that hardens when dry. It then constructed the building, layer by layer, using sensors to raise itself higher as it progressed. The final product was a sturdy “home” that had 50-foot diameter walls and a 12-foot high roof with room for essentials like electricity wires and water pipes to be inserted inside. Even more impressive? It took a mere 14 hours to “print”!
The researchers’ next plan is to make the DCP smart enough to analyze the environment where the structure is going to be built and determine the material densities best suited for the area. However, that’s not even the best part. Future DCP models are going to be solar-powered, autonomous, and, most importantly, capable of sourcing construction components from its surroundings. This means the robot can be sent to remote, disaster-stricken areas, and perhaps even to Mars, to build shelters using whatever material is available.
12. What do we learn from the first paragraph?
A. Housing pioneers on Mars is a reality.
B. Colonizing Mars is out of the question.
C. Building structures on Mars is in the testing phases.
D Finding a liveable place on Mars is a top priority.
13. How does the DCP differ from other 3-D printers?
A. It consumes less time. B. It comes in more different sizes.
C. It is more environmentally friendly. D It can build more diverse structures.
14. What is the third paragraph mainly about?
A. The successful case of the DCP. B. The working principle of the DCP.
C. The instructions of using the DCP. D The limitation of the DCP’s function.
15. What might be the biggest highlight of future DCP?
A. Being powered by solar. B. Building shelters anywhere.
C. Collecting building materials on site. D Analyzing building material densities.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In North America, October usually means pumpkin fields, Halloween or mountain tours. But in Albuquerque, New Mexico, the beginning of October brings you a different but impressive scene. 16 .
Started in 1972, the Albuquerque International Fiesta enjoys its 50th anniversary this year. 17 , and is the largest gathering of balloonists in the world, with more than 500 hot air balloons flying high in the sky this week. The local people can view the flying balloons simply by stepping outside their homes and looking up.
18 . The park sits on the northern outskirts of Albuquerque with the Sandia Mountains a few miles away. The land has a spectacular beauty of colors — the autumn air has dyed the woods green, yellow and red, and the mountain takes on a pink hue (色调) with the sun shining against its western face at sunset.
The Balloon Fiesta claims to be the most photographed event in the world, and it’s easy to understand why. 19 . In two waves, they are released from the ground and fly up, decorated with every color and some shaped like animals or cartoon characters. In the age of jets and helicopters and rockets, the mass celebration of nearly silent flight reminds us of the magic of flying: 20 .
A. The balloons are of different sizes
B. It has now become a 9-day international event
C. You’ll be amazed by a skyful of hot air balloons
D. It is not about speed, but simply reaching the sky
E. The event is staged from the 365-acre Balloon Fiesta Park
F. In Albuquerque you can enjoy different entertainments, especially ballooning
G. The mass uprising of all the balloons is the most picturesque scene of the week
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For the past ten years, my dad and I have attended the same school — he as an administrator and I as a student. Our relationship, in and out of school, has been totally unpredictable.
When I was younger, all that my dad said was doctrine (信条) and anything he did I, 21 , copied. As I grew older, we were not as 22 as we used to be. He wasn’t cool anymore. He listened to 23 country music and laughed to loudly in front of my friends. He became a total embarrassment.
However, the 24 that occurred in school were even worse. This 25 continued into high school, but we somehow began to find a balance. Things started to 26 around the time of my 10th-grade physics project. The 27 was to build a wood bridge with the best strength-to-weight ratio (比率). All the students and physics teachers 28 . So did my dad, the only administrator! Embarrassed, as usual, I 29 the scene. 30 , later when I learned from my friends that my dad defeated all competitors and won everyone’s admiration, I found that mixed in with my 31 was a touch of pride.
I had needed someone else to show me what I 32 in my dad. It wasn’t the fact that he’d won; it was more than that. I began to 33 many of the same values and sometimes the same opinions that we have.
I feel 34 to have such an unusual father. The 35 I have developed with my dad over the years has enabled me to look back and see how I’ve grown.
21. A. temporarily B. naturally C. originally D. passively
22. A. close B. reliable C. generous D. confident
23. A. creative B. familiar C. horrible D. live
24. A. failures B. coincidences C. competitions D. disasters
25. A. debate B. party C. progress D. struggle
26. A. happen B. change C. grow D. disappear
27. A. issue B. task C. lesson D procedure
28. A. participated B. protested C. hesitated D. explored
29. A. fled B. investigated C. pictured D. made
30. A. Instead B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. However
31. A. confusion B. encouragement C. embarrassment D. fascination
32. A. recommended B. tolerated C. doubted D. appreciated
33. A. be aware of B. call for C. argue for D. bring about
34. A. puzzled B. fortunate C. concerned D. awkward
35. A. strategy B. habit C. relationship D. potential
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For Greek photographer George Doupas, Beijing is home now. During the past decade, he has been photographing the city, capturing its beauty and sharing these photos online and in 36 (exhibit).
“This truly represents Beijing-the old and the new, nicely mixing together,” Doupas said while showing his photograph of the Zhihua Temple, 37 delicate Ming Dynasty building. It is located in front of a modern office building, Galaxy SOHO, which 38 (feature) weaving bridges and interlocking passageways.
With-rich historical heritage, Beijing 39 (be) an important center of traditional Chinese culture since the Ming Dynasty. Doupas often gets lost in the city’s splendid ancient architecture. Meanwhile, he is also amazed by the modern city 40 (combine) high-end businesses and various industries. “It is fascinating to see a city developing at such a(n) 41 (believable) rapid rate and investing so much effort in preserving its past, which is 42 I decided to pursue my career here,” he said.
43 (dedicate) to his career as a photographer in China, Doupas hopes to serve 44 a bridge between China and the West. The displays that show his photos about Beijing have attracted a large audience in Greece and the Czech Republic.
“My 45 (occasion) stay in Beijing has turned into permanent residence, and I call Beijing my home now,” he said, “I will keep sharing photos of China with the rest of the world.”
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，是学校英语报记者，4月18号学校邀请了施一公教授给大家做了题为“科学英雄出少年”的学术报告，激发大家对科学的兴趣。请你写一篇英文报道，内容包括：
1. 活动的目的；
2. 报告的内容；
3. 活动的意义。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
提示词：科学英雄出少年 Heroes from Youngsters
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第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Sam was a junior high school student. He lived in a community in Charlotte and usually had little exposure to country life. So much of what he knew about plants came from text-books. Sam was a kind-hearted person. He longed for a chance to explore nature and he wanted to do his part to beautify the world.
Finally, the opportunity came. On Arbor Day (植树节), his class organized a trip to a local village to plant trees. Sam was excited about it and couldn’t wait to tell his mom the good news. So the next day, Sam and his mom went to buy some tools for planting trees, including a shovel (铲), a bucket, gloves and so on.
On the day of the event, Sam and his classmates arrived early at the starting point. It was a beautiful day and everyone looked particularly happy. With the tools in hand, Sam got into the bus with everyone else and headed off to their destination.
As soon as they reached the village, all the students were divided into three teams by their teacher. One team was responsible for planting the trees, one team for shovelling the soil and one team for watering the trees. At the teacher’s command, everyone started to do their job.
However, it was the first time that many of the students had taken part in planting trees, so they had no idea about how to start. Of course, Sam was one of them. Fortunately, their teacher was a middle-aged man from the countryside who had some knowledge of planting trees. In order to set an example to the students, the teacher started to plant trees himself. After watching the teacher plant the trees, everyone also became busy. Before long, they planted hundreds of trees. Sam watched very carefully, not wanting to miss any of the details. Finally, Sam learned how to plant trees by himself and felt happy.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A few days later, a storm damaged some young trees in the community. _________________________________
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_______________________________________________________________________________________________ The neighbors praised Sam for what he had done. __________________________________________________
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_______________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要内容是有关夏令营的活动时间、地点、行程安排等。
【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The program is taught by professional archaeologists from Binghamton（该项目由宾厄姆顿的专业考古学家教授）”可知，这个夏令营由来自宾汉姆顿大学的专业考古学家指导，故选C项。
【2题详解】细节理解题。由“Tickets”部分中的“$ 200 per participant （a 10% discount before May 15, 2023（每位参与者200美元（2023年5月15日前可享受10%的折扣）”可知，如果在2023年3月15日之前买票的话，会打九折，那么两个孩子总共需付360美元，故选B项。
【3题详解】细节理解题。由“Dates”部分中的“July 13-17, 2023（2023年7月13-17）”和倒数第二段中的“On the third and fourth days, participants will explore local historic sites long-covered by plants, and learn how archaeologists survey sites（在第三天和第四天，参与者将探索长期被植物覆盖的当地历史遗址，并学习考古学家如何调查遗址）”可知，参加夏令营的孩子们可能会在7月16日（夏令营第4天）去野外进行实地勘查，故选A项。
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】【导语】本篇是一篇记叙性散文。作者通过观看海岸岩石，对人的性格品质产生了思考，我们可以从岩石中学到什么?作者并产生了一定的联想。
【4题详解】推理判断题。文章前三段标明作者对岩石引起对人的思考，从第三段最后一句话“And much like a rock, I’ve found my attitude has softened and my desire to better understand others has expanded with each trip around the sun.（就像一块岩石一样，每次环绕太阳旅行，我都发现自己的态度软化了，更好地理解他人的愿望也扩大了。）”可知，岩石教会作者去理解他人，这是人类的个性，即是性格品质。故选B。
【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段“Two years ago, while traveling in the Pacific Northwest, I watched a restaurant owner ask several people to leave for not wearing masks. Not forceful and not rude. On the door read a sign: “Please wear a mask before entering our restaurant. We don’t like it either, but let’s all do what we can to get through this together.””（两年前，我在太平洋西北地区旅行时，看到一家餐馆的老板要求几个人离开，因为他们没有戴口罩。不强迫也不粗鲁。门上写着：“进入本餐厅前请戴上口罩。我们也不喜欢这样，但让我们尽我们所能一起度过难关吧。”）”和第七段“The group of young men wished to argue about the note.（这群年轻人想就这张便条争论一番。）”可知，年轻人们不愿意做老板要求他们做的事。故选B。
【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“And much like a rock, I’ve found my attitude has softened and my desire to better understand others has expanded with each trip around the sun.（就像一块岩石一样，每次环绕太阳旅行，我都发现自己的态度软化了，更好地理解他人的愿望也扩大了。）”、第八段“I sat watching, understanding both sides.（我坐在那里看着，理解双方。）”和第九段“You can fit more rounded rocks in a jar than those with sharp edges. The former look for ways to adjust and make room for others; the latter never give an inch to accommodate others.（你可以在罐子里装更多圆形的石头，而不是边缘锋利的石头。前者想办法调整自己，为他人腾出空间；后者从不为迁就他人而让步。）”可推断，作者想通过这篇文章告诉我们，开放和理解会给你带来更多的快乐。故选D。
【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Time, like the waters rolling against once sharp stones, changes us by washing away our resistance to seeing the world from another’s point of view.（时间，就像水流冲刷着曾经锋利的石头，通过冲走我们从别人的角度看世界的阻力，改变了我们。）”可知，我们每个人都在随时间而改变，和海边的石头一样，因此，A选项“Changing with Time（随时间而改变）”为本篇文章的最佳标题。故选A。
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了卡洛斯·斯利姆提出了每周工作三天的观点，虽然人们认为这个想法很疯狂，但是寿命更长、健康状况更好的人在改变工作生活人们认为斯利姆的想法与时俱进。
【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“As Mr. Slim said, it no longer makes sense for people to stop working in their fifties or sixties when they may still have up to a third of their lives ahead of them.（正如斯利姆先生所说，人们在五六十岁时停止工作没有意义，因为他们可能还有三分之一的人生要走）”可知，斯利姆先生认为五六十岁的人还有很长的未来生活，因此这个时候退休是不明智的，故选A项。
【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Keeping older employees at work makes sense for societies, especially those with a diminishing number of young people who are expected to support long-living retirees.（让年长的员工继续工作对社会来说是有意义的，尤其是那些年轻人越来越少的社会，他们被期望支持长寿的退休人员）”推知，年长的员工继续工作能减少年轻人养老的压力，故选B项。
【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词上文“People living longer, in better health, are changing working life too. Mr. Slim’s idea is（寿命更长、健康状况更好的人也在改变工作生活。斯利姆的观点是）”可知，现今的人们寿命更长、健康状况更好了，由此可知，斯利姆认为工作时间应该随着时代的变化而变化是与时俱进的。故选D项。
【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Carlos Slim’s proposal that we work a three - day week sounds crazy.（卡洛斯·斯利姆建议我们每周工作三天，这听起来很疯狂）”以及最后一段“People living longer, in better health, are changing working life too. Mr. Slim’s idea is in tune with the times.（寿命更长、健康状况更好的人也在改变工作生活。斯利姆的想法与时俱进）”可知，文章开头提出了卡洛斯·斯利姆的每周三天工作理念，后续段落对此进行了分析论证，最后一段支持这种观点，与C项“Working Three Days A Week: A Great Idea（每周工作三天：好主意！）”表达的含义一致，故选C项。
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. C
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了麻省理工学院（Massachusetts Institute of Technology）最新公布的数字建设平台（DCP）将如何解决在火星上建房子的问题的。
【12题详解】推理判断题。第一段的“While the best solution would be to have the structures ready before they get there, it has so far been a challenge given that most construction robots have never made it out of the laboratory.（虽然最好的解决方案是在结构物到达之前做好准备，但鉴于大多数建筑机器人从未走出实验室，这一直是一个挑战）”推知，在火星上建造建筑物正处于测试阶段。故选C项。
【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“...unlike other 3—D printers that are limited to building objects that fit within their overall enclosure, DCP’s free moving system can be used to construct structures of any size.（……与其他仅限于构建适合其整体外壳的物体的 3D 打印机不同，DCP 的自由移动系统可用于构建任何尺寸的结构）”可知，与其他3D打印不同，它可以建造更多样化的房屋。故选D项。
【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段的“The team recently demonstrated the DCP’s building skills on an empty field in Mountain View, CA.（该团队最近在加利福尼亚州山景城的一块空地上展示了DCP的建筑技能）”可知，本段主要介绍了DCP的成功案例。故选A项。
【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“most importantly, capable of sourcing construction components from its surroundings. This means the robot can be sent to remote, disaster-stricken areas, and perhaps even to Mars, to build shelters using whatever material is available.（最重要的是，能够从周边采购建筑构件。这意味着机器人可以被送到偏远的灾区，甚至火星，用任何可用的材料建造居所）”可知，未来DCP的最大亮点是可以现场收集建筑材料。故选C项。
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. E 19. G 20. D
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是Albuquerque国际嘉年华的相关信息。
【16题详解】空前说“But in Albuquerque, New Mexico, the beginning of October brings you a different but impressive scene.（但在新墨西哥州的Albuquerque，十月初的景象截然不同，但却令人印象深刻。）”，空格处应说到十月初令人印象深刻的景象是什么，C选项“You’ll be amazed by a skyful of hot air balloons（满天的热气球会让你惊叹不已）”说明了令人印象深刻的景象是满天的热气球，因此C选项承接上文，符合语境，故选C。
【17题详解】空前说“Started in 1972, the Albuquerque International Fiesta enjoys its 50th anniversary this year.（Albuquerque国际嘉年华始于1972年，今年是第50周年。）”，空后说“and is the largest gathering of balloonists in the world, with more than 500 hot air balloons flying high in the sky this week（这是世界上最大的热气球爱好者聚会，本周有500多个热气球在高空飞行）”，因此空格处也应该是介绍中国嘉年华的，B选项“It has now become a 9-day international event（现在它已经成为一个为期9天的国际活动）”介绍的是这个嘉年华的相关信息，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选B。
【18题详解】空后说“The park sits on the northern outskirts of Albuquerque with the Sandia Mountains a few miles away.（公园坐落在阿尔布开克的北郊，几英里外是桑迪亚山脉。）”，空格处应该会提到这个公园，E选项“The event is staged from the 365-acre Balloon Fiesta Park（该活动在365英亩的气球节公园举行）”说明这个公园是嘉年华举行的地方，因此E选项引起下文，符合语境，故选E。
【19题详解】空前说“The Balloon Fiesta claims to be the most photographed event in the world, and it’s easy to understand why.（气球嘉年华称是世界上上镜最多的活动，原因很容易理解。）”，空格处应解释原因，即什么是最值得拍照的，G选项“The mass uprising of all the balloons is the most picturesque scene of the week（所有气球的集体升空是这一周最美丽的一幕）”解释了这个活动是世界上上镜最多的活动的原因，因此G选项承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
【20题详解】
空前说“In the age of jets and helicopters and rockets, the mass celebration of nearly silent flight reminds us of the magic of flying（在喷气机、直升机和火箭的时代，这种近乎无声的飞行庆典提醒着我们飞行的魔力）”，空格处应说这种魔力是什么，D选项“It is not about speed, but simply reaching the sky（这与速度无关，而仅仅是到达天空）”解释了这种飞行的魔力，因此D选项承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. D 26. B 27. B 28. A 29. A 30. D
31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。小时候“我”非常崇拜父亲，但随着慢慢长大，“我”开始觉得父亲非常让人尴尬，但是在一次学校比赛中，“我”意识到父亲非常值得自己感到骄傲，“我”开始觉得拥有这样一位父亲是非常幸运的事情，多年来，“我”与父亲建立的关系使“我”能够回顾过去，看到自己是如何成长的。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在我小的时候，我爸爸说的都是信条，他做的任何事，我自然都会模仿。A. temporarily 临时地；B. naturally 自然地；C. originally 起初；D. passively 被动地。根据“all that my dad said was doctrine”可知，此处是指爸爸做的任何事“我”自然都会模仿。故选B。
【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，我们不再像以前那么亲密了。A. close 亲密的；B. reliable 可靠的；C. generous 慷慨的；D. confident 有信心的。根据“as we used to be”可知，此处是指不再像以前那么亲密了。故选A。
【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他听着讨厌的乡村音乐，在我朋友面前大声笑。A. creative 创造性的；B. familiar 熟悉的；C. horrible 讨厌的；D. live 现场的。根据后文“He became a total embarrassment.（他完全成了一个令人难堪的人）”可知，此处是指“我”觉得他听的乡村音乐很讨厌。故选C。
【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在学校发生的灾难更糟糕。A. failures 失败；B. coincidences 巧合；C. competitions 比赛；D. disasters 灾难。根据“that occurred in school were even worse”和前文“He became a total embarrassment.”可知，此处是指在学校发生的灾难更糟糕。故选D。
【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种挣扎一直持续到高中，但我们开始找到一种平衡。A. debate 辩论；B. party 聚会；C. progress 进步；D. struggle 挣扎。根据前文“that occurred in school were even worse”和“He became a total embarrassment.”可知，此处是指“我”和父亲的尴尬相处是一种挣扎。故选D。
【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事情在我十年级的物理项目开始发生变化。A. happen 发生；B. change 改变；C. grow 生长；D. disappear 消失。根据前文“but we somehow began to find a balance”可知，此处是指事情开始发生变化。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：任务是建造一座强度重量比最佳的木桥。A. issue 问题；B. task 任务；C. lesson 课；D. procedure 手续。根据“to build a wood bridge with the best strength-to-weight ratio”可知，此处是指任务是建造一座强度重量比最佳的木桥。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有的学生和物理老师都参加了。A. participated 参加；B. protested 抗议；C. hesitated 犹豫；D. explored 探索。根据后文“my dad defeated all competitors and won everyone’s admiration（我爸爸击败了所有的竞争对手，赢得了所有人的钦佩）”可知，此处是指所有的学生和物理老师都参加了。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：像往常一样，我尴尬地逃离了现场。A. fled 逃离；B. investigated 调查；C. pictured 想象；D. made 制作。根据“Embarrassed, as usual”可知，此处是指“我”逃离了现场。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，后来当我从朋友那里得知父亲击败了所有竞争对手，赢得了所有人的钦佩时，我发现在我的尴尬中夹杂着一丝骄傲。A. Instead 取而代之的是；B. Otherwise 否则；C. Therefore 因此；D. However 然而。根据前文“Embarrassed, as usual”和后文“later when I learned from my friends that my dad defeated all competitors and won everyone’s admiration”可知，前后构成转折关系。故选D。
【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，后来当我从朋友那里得知父亲击败了所有竞争对手，赢得了所有人的钦佩时，我发现在我的尴尬中夹杂着一丝骄傲。A. confusion 困惑；B. encouragement 鼓励；C. embarrassment 尴尬；D. fascination 魅力。根据前文“Embarrassed, as usual”和“mixed in with”可知，此处是指尴尬中夹杂着一丝骄傲。故选C。
【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我需要别人向我展示我欣赏父亲的地方。A. recommended 推荐；B. tolerated 忍受；C. doubted 怀疑；D. appreciated 欣赏。根据后文“It wasn’t the fact that he’d won; it was more than that.（不是因为他赢了；不仅如此）”可知，此处是指欣赏父亲的地方。故选D。
【33题详解】考查形容词和动词短语辨析。句意：我开始意识到我们有很多相同的价值观，有时还有相同的观点。A. be aware of 意识到；B. call for 要求；C. argue for 赞成；D. bring about 导致。根据“many of the same values and sometimes the same opinions that we have”可知，此处是指意识到“我”们有很多相同的价值观。故选A。
【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有这样一位与众不同的父亲，我感到很幸运。A. puzzled 困惑的；B. fortunate 幸运的；C. concerned 担忧的；D. awkward 令人尴尬的。根据“to have such an unusual father”可知，此处是指感到很幸运。故选B。
【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年来，我与父亲建立的关系使我能够回顾过去，看到自己是如何成长的。A. strategy 策略；B. habit 习惯；C. relationship 关系；D. potential 潜能。根据“I have developed with my dad”可知，此处是指与父亲建立的关系。故选C。
36. exhibits/exhibitions 37. a 38. features 39. has been 40. combining
41. unbelievably 42. why 43. Dedicated 44. as 45. occasional
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。在过去的十年里，生活在北京的希腊摄影师乔治·杜帕斯一直在拍摄这座城市，捕捉它的美丽，并在网上和展览中分享这些照片。
【36题详解】考查名词。句意：在过去的十年里，他一直在拍摄这座城市，捕捉它的美丽，并在网上和展览中分享这些照片。根据句意和空格前的“in”并分析句子可知，空格处应该填名词形式，表示在展览中。exhibit 一词本身可以作为名词形式，意为展览，也可以填其派生词exhibition，这两个词It’s what you do right now that makes a difference. 都是可数名词，此处应填复数形式，故填exhibits/exhibitions。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：“这真正代表了北京——旧与新，完美地融合在一起，”杜帕斯在展示他拍摄的智化寺的照片时说。智化寺是一座精致的明代建筑。根据句意可知，空格处应该填入冠词，且此处泛指“一座精致的明代建筑”，且delicate音素以辅音开头，故应用不定冠词a，故填a。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：它位于现代办公大楼银河SOHO的前面，以编织的桥梁和环环相扣的通道为特色。根据句意和主句的时态是一般现在时可知，从句也应该用一般现在时，再由从句主语which指代前文的it可知，从句谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式。故填features。
【39题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：北京拥有丰富的历史遗产，自明朝以来一直是中国的重要传统文化中心。根据句意并分析句子可知，空格处是该句子的谓语部分。由时间状语“since the Ming Dynasty”可知，句子应该用现在完成时，再由主语“Beijing”可知，谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式。故填has been。
【40题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：同时，他也惊叹于这座把高端商业和各行业融为一体的现代化城市。根据句意和所给动词“combine”分析句子可知，空格处应该填入combine的非谓语形式作定语，修饰前面的名词“city”，因为名词“city”和动词“combine”之间是主动关系，所以应该用现在分词combining作定语。故填combining。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：看到一座城市以难以置信的速度在发展着，还投入如此大的精力来保护它的过去，这让人很着迷。这就是我决定在这里追求事业的原因。所以此空应该用副词修饰形容词rapid，且此处意为“令人难以置信地”，故应用副词“unbelievably”修作状语。故填unbelievably。
【42题详解】
考查连接副词。句意：同上。根据句意并分析句子可知，空格后的部分是一个表语从句，空格处应该填入一个连接词引导表语从句，且意义为“为什么”，所以应该用连接副词why。故填why。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：致力投身于他在中国作为一个摄影师的工作，Doupas希望充当中西方文化的桥梁。根据句子分析可知，此处作状语，主语Doupas与dedicate之间为被动关系，故应用dedicate的过去分词形式作状语。故填Dedicated。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：同上。根据句意，空格处应该填入一个介词意为“作为”，故填as。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我原来在北京只是偶尔停留现在已经变成永久居住了，我现在把北京称作家，我会继续和全世界分享关于中国的摄影作品的。根据句意可知，空格处应该填修饰名词“stay”的形容词，且意为“偶尔的”，故填occasional。
小作文参考范文：
Aiming to stimulate students’ interest in science, our school invited professor Shi Yigong to deliver an academic report themed Heroes from Youngsters on 18 April.
The activity was so warmly welcomed that more than 500 students participated in it. During the report, professor Shi showed many interesting scientific phenomenon, making students feel the charm of science. Meanwhile, he encouraged students to be armed with science and inspired them to be devoted to science research after graduation. In the end, he patiently answered students’ questions.
The report was highly thought of, for it not only motivated students to study hard, but also helped students establish lofty ideals. It’s really a success.
续写参考范文：
A few days later, a storm damaged some young trees in the community. After seeing what had happened, Sam felt that it was time for him to put the skills of planting trees he had learned to use. He went home and told his mom he wanted to save those trees. So he took the tools that he had used to plant the trees. With the skills taught by his teacher, he worked with his mom to replant those trees. They helped the trees survive.
The neighbors praised Sam for what he had done. Sam told them about his experience of planting trees. But he owed all the kindnesses to his teacher and mother. He explained that because of his teacher and mother, he learned the skills and saved the trees. The neighbors were very happy to hear that. They said Sam was a role model and that they would ask their children to learn the skills from Sam. Sam felt proud and decided to develop a better community and protect the environment with them.
高二下学期期中考试英语试题
时间：120分钟
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Archaeology camp
Each summer, the Public Archaeology Facility’s Community Archaeology Program offers a week-long program focused on archaeology for kids entering Grades 5 and 6. The program is taught by professional archaeologists from Binghamton University. Students will learn about the science of archaeology through hands-on, interactive classroom projects, laboratory tours, outdoor activities, and a visit to a local archaeological site.
Our 2023 Research Site is the Whitney Point Bridge site. Broome County, New York. Dates: July 13-17, 2023
Time: 8:30 am -4:30 pm
Tickets: $200 per participant (a 10% discount before May 15,2023) The session is limited to 16 students to ensure the best educational setting.
Participants will spend the first two days of the program learning about ancient cultures, archaeological concepts, and practicing fieldwork techniques, and artifact (人工制品) classification and preservation. Kids will take part in exciting activities in experimental and creative archaeology, including pottery (陶器) construction and a cross-country race.
On the third and fourth days, participants will explore local historic sites long - covered by plants, and learn how archaeologists survey sites using direct measurements, digital cameras, careful notes, and hand - held GPS units. This trip will also provide an opportunity to learn more about the environment in which these sites were created.
On the last day - the program will travel to a local historically significant archaeological site currently being excavated (挖掘) by the Public Archaeology Facility where students will observe professional excavations, Participants will be able to assist in some of the tasks at the site, including screening (筛查；甄别) for artifacts, note - taking, and site interpretation.
1. What do we know about the archaeology camp?
A. It lasts for a whole month. B. It is limited to a dozen kids.
C. It is guided by university experts. D It is intended for high school students.
2. How much should two kids pay if they buy tickets before March 15, 2023?
A. $200. B. $360. C. $380. D. $400.
3. What will participants probably do on July 16, 2023?
A. Conduct a survey in the field. B. Help reconstruct ancient objects.
C. Observe professional excavations. D Learn about artifact classification.
B
Standing on the shore of a lake. I can’t help but marvel at the tens or hundreds of thousands of small rocks that surround my boots. They were all created from hard surfaces, their edges softening over time.
And I wonder, can we learn from a pile of rocks?
Even the tallest mountains have worn down; none are as tall as they were 1,000 years ago. And much like a rock, I’ve found my attitude has softened and my desire to better understand others has expanded with each trip around the sun.
Once I too was a sharp rock covered in pointy edges. Today, after decades of the waters of life coursing over me, my edges are softer and more understanding. I’m less likely to judge and more interested in learning how we can exist together.
But I’m not a rock. I’m a human being filled with all the drama built into my DNA.
Two years ago, while traveling in the Pacific Northwest, I watched a restaurant owner ask several people to leave for not wearing masks. Not forceful and not rude. On the door read a sign: “Please wear a mask before entering our restaurant. We don’t like it either, but let’s all do what we can to get through this together.”
The group of young men wished to argue about the note.
I sat watching, understanding both sides. I’ve been those guys before, using my youthful edges to chip away at the world. What I lost, however, was the ability to grow from experiences by looking through the eyes of others. In learning to be more open, I’ve also found more happiness and success.
You can fit more rounded rocks in a jar than those with sharp edges. The former look for ways to adjust and make room for others; the latter never give an inch to accommodate others.
Time, like the waters rolling against once sharp stones, changes us by washing away our resistance to seeing the world from another’s point of view.
I placed a rounded stone into my jacket pocket. Mother Nature is holding class again.
4. What does the author compare the rocks to?
A. People’s abilities. B. People’s personalities.
C. What nature offers us. D Challenges we come across.
5. Why did the group of guys argue in the restaurant?
A. They were dissatisfied with the owner’s attitude to them.
B. They were unwilling to do what the owner wished them to.
C. They intended to skip out on the bill due to the poor service.
D They were not allowed to leave the restaurant for their rudeness.
6. What does the author want to tell us with this text?
A. We should adjust to new conditions.
B. Be brave when in the face of difficulties in life.
C. It’s necessary to consider the feelings of others.
D Being open and understanding brings you more happiness.
7. What might be the best title of the text?
A. Changing with Time B. Learning from Nature
C. Growing from Experiences D Seeing from a Different Angle
C
Carlos Slim’s proposal that we work a three - day week sounds crazy. But many, in 1922, thought Henry Ford crazy when he announced that his staff would work a five - day week.
Our working week seems normal to us because it is what we all always do. He certainly could be for those he was most concerned about when he made his three - day - week statement at a business conference in Paraguay: the workers who are not ready to retire. As Mr. Slim said, it no longer makes sense for people to stop working in their fifties or sixties when they may still have up to a third of their lives ahead of them. “People are going to have to work for more years, until they are 70 or 75, and just work three days a week - perhaps 11 hours a day.” he said.
Keeping older employees at work makes sense for societies, especially those with a diminishing number of young people who are expected to support long - living retirees.
He appeared to be suggesting that these short - week workers earn the same as they did full - time. That is what happens at Telmex, his Mexican fixed - line phone company, where those qualified for retirement can choose to work four - day weeks on full pay.
Older workers elsewhere might prefer shorter weeks on reduced pay - and eight or nine - hour days rather than 11. Their companies might value keeping their experience while saving money on their salaries. What about everyone else? There are those who are unemployed, or in unstable jobs, who would be delighted to have three secure, well - paid days of work a week.
Shorter weeks don’t work in every job, but they work in more jobs than most tradition - bound managers think. Agreeing to them requires two shifts in management thinking. The first is the realization that much of the time spent in offices is wasted anyway. Second, senior executives need ro understand that the best way to measure people is by the work they produce - not by how much time they spend at their desks.
People living longer, in better health, are changing working life too. Mr. Slim’s idea is in tune with the times.
8. According to paragraph 2 why did Mr. Slim think it unwise for people in their fifties or sixties to retire?
A. Because they have longer life to live in their future.
B. Because they have children and old parents to support.
C. Because they have much interest in their present work.
D Because they have more experience than young workers.
9. What can we infer from the passage?
A. The decision of working five days a week by Ford was considered normal in the past.
B. Old people continuing working can reduce young people’s pressure to support their old parents.
C. Some companies don’t want their old workers to go on working because they can save money.
D Much time spent at work is wasted if managers don’t agree to reduce old employees’ working time.
10. What does the underlined phrase “in tune with” mean in the last paragraph?
A. Different from. B. Superior to.
C. Far from. D Consistent with.
11. What is the best title for this passage?
A. Retire Or Not, This Is A Question!
B. Shorter Weeks Is Welcome By All
C. Working Three Days A Week: A Great Idea
D Carlos Slim - Crazy For More Resting Time
D
Housing ranks high among the numerous challenges that still need to be overcome before humans can colonize (征服) Mars. The brave pioneers that make the six-month voyage to the Red Planet will need a place to live in as soon as they land. While the best solution would be to have the structures ready before they get there, it has so far been a challenge given that most construction robots have never made it out of the laboratory. Now, there may be a bit of hope thanks to Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s newly revealed Digital Construction Platform (DCP).
The DCP comprises a double arm system that is fitted on a tracked vehicle. As the larger arm moves, the smaller, precision motor robotic arm builds the structure by shooting out the necessary construction material, ranging from insulation foam (绝缘泡沫) to concrete. The team of researchers led by Ph. D Steven Keating say that unlike other 3-D printers that are limited to building objects that fit within their overall enclosure, DCP’s free moving systems can be used to construct structures of any size.
The team recently demonstrated the DCP’s building skills on an empty field in Mountain View, CA. The robot began by creating a mold with expanding foam that hardens when dry. It then constructed the building, layer by layer, using sensors to raise itself higher as it progressed. The final product was a sturdy “home” that had 50-foot diameter walls and a 12-foot high roof with room for essentials like electricity wires and water pipes to be inserted inside. Even more impressive? It took a mere 14 hours to “print”!
The researchers’ next plan is to make the DCP smart enough to analyze the environment where the structure is going to be built and determine the material densities best suited for the area. However, that’s not even the best part. Future DCP models are going to be solar-powered, autonomous, and, most importantly, capable of sourcing construction components from its surroundings. This means the robot can be sent to remote, disaster-stricken areas, and perhaps even to Mars, to build shelters using whatever material is available.
12. What do we learn from the first paragraph?
A. Housing pioneers on Mars is a reality.
B. Colonizing Mars is out of the question.
C. Building structures on Mars is in the testing phases.
D Finding a liveable place on Mars is a top priority.
13. How does the DCP differ from other 3-D printers?
A. It consumes less time. B. It comes in more different sizes.
C. It is more environmentally friendly. D It can build more diverse structures.
14. What is the third paragraph mainly about?
A. The successful case of the DCP. B. The working principle of the DCP.
C. The instructions of using the DCP. D The limitation of the DCP’s function.
15. What might be the biggest highlight of future DCP?
A. Being powered by solar. B. Building shelters anywhere.
C. Collecting building materials on site. D Analyzing building material densities.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In North America, October usually means pumpkin fields, Halloween or mountain tours. But in Albuquerque, New Mexico, the beginning of October brings you a different but impressive scene. 16 .
Started in 1972, the Albuquerque International Fiesta enjoys its 50th anniversary this year. 17 , and is the largest gathering of balloonists in the world, with more than 500 hot air balloons flying high in the sky this week. The local people can view the flying balloons simply by stepping outside their homes and looking up.
18 . The park sits on the northern outskirts of Albuquerque with the Sandia Mountains a few miles away. The land has a spectacular beauty of colors — the autumn air has dyed the woods green, yellow and red, and the mountain takes on a pink hue (色调) with the sun shining against its western face at sunset.
The Balloon Fiesta claims to be the most photographed event in the world, and it’s easy to understand why. 19 . In two waves, they are released from the ground and fly up, decorated with every color and some shaped like animals or cartoon characters. In the age of jets and helicopters and rockets, the mass celebration of nearly silent flight reminds us of the magic of flying: 20 .
A. The balloons are of different sizes
B. It has now become a 9-day international event
C. You’ll be amazed by a skyful of hot air balloons
D. It is not about speed, but simply reaching the sky
E. The event is staged from the 365-acre Balloon Fiesta Park
F. In Albuquerque you can enjoy different entertainments, especially ballooning
G. The mass uprising of all the balloons is the most picturesque scene of the week
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For the past ten years, my dad and I have attended the same school — he as an administrator and I as a student. Our relationship, in and out of school, has been totally unpredictable.
When I was younger, all that my dad said was doctrine (信条) and anything he did I, 21 , copied. As I grew older, we were not as 22 as we used to be. He wasn’t cool anymore. He listened to 23 country music and laughed to loudly in front of my friends. He became a total embarrassment.
However, the 24 that occurred in school were even worse. This 25 continued into high school, but we somehow began to find a balance. Things started to 26 around the time of my 10th-grade physics project. The 27 was to build a wood bridge with the best strength-to-weight ratio (比率). All the students and physics teachers 28 . So did my dad, the only administrator! Embarrassed, as usual, I 29 the scene. 30 , later when I learned from my friends that my dad defeated all competitors and won everyone’s admiration, I found that mixed in with my 31 was a touch of pride.
I had needed someone else to show me what I 32 in my dad. It wasn’t the fact that he’d won; it was more than that. I began to 33 many of the same values and sometimes the same opinions that we have.
I feel 34 to have such an unusual father. The 35 I have developed with my dad over the years has enabled me to look back and see how I’ve grown.
21. A. temporarily B. naturally C. originally D. passively
22. A. close B. reliable C. generous D. confident
23. A. creative B. familiar C. horrible D. live
24. A. failures B. coincidences C. competitions D. disasters
25. A. debate B. party C. progress D. struggle
26. A. happen B. change C. grow D. disappear
27. A. issue B. task C. lesson D procedure
28. A. participated B. protested C. hesitated D. explored
29. A. fled B. investigated C. pictured D. made
30. A. Instead B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. However
31. A. confusion B. encouragement C. embarrassment D. fascination
32. A. recommended B. tolerated C. doubted D. appreciated
33. A. be aware of B. call for C. argue for D. bring about
34. A. puzzled B. fortunate C. concerned D. awkward
35. A. strategy B. habit C. relationship D. potential
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For Greek photographer George Doupas, Beijing is home now. During the past decade, he has been photographing the city, capturing its beauty and sharing these photos online and in 36 (exhibit).
“This truly represents Beijing-the old and the new, nicely mixing together,” Doupas said while showing his photograph of the Zhihua Temple, 37 delicate Ming Dynasty building. It is located in front of a modern office building, Galaxy SOHO, which 38 (feature) weaving bridges and interlocking passageways.
With-rich historical heritage, Beijing 39 (be) an important center of traditional Chinese culture since the Ming Dynasty. Doupas often gets lost in the city’s splendid ancient architecture. Meanwhile, he is also amazed by the modern city 40 (combine) high-end businesses and various industries. “It is fascinating to see a city developing at such a(n) 41 (believable) rapid rate and investing so much effort in preserving its past, which is 42 I decided to pursue my career here,” he said.
43 (dedicate) to his career as a photographer in China, Doupas hopes to serve 44 a bridge between China and the West. The displays that show his photos about Beijing have attracted a large audience in Greece and the Czech Republic.
“My 45 (occasion) stay in Beijing has turned into permanent residence, and I call Beijing my home now,” he said, “I will keep sharing photos of China with the rest of the world.”
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，是学校英语报记者，4月18号学校邀请了施一公教授给大家做了题为“科学英雄出少年”的学术报告，激发大家对科学的兴趣。请你写一篇英文报道，内容包括：
1. 活动的目的；
2. 报告的内容；
3. 活动的意义。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
提示词：科学英雄出少年 Heroes from Youngsters
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第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Sam was a junior high school student. He lived in a community in Charlotte and usually had little exposure to country life. So much of what he knew about plants came from text-books. Sam was a kind-hearted person. He longed for a chance to explore nature and he wanted to do his part to beautify the world.
Finally, the opportunity came. On Arbor Day (植树节), his class organized a trip to a local village to plant trees. Sam was excited about it and couldn’t wait to tell his mom the good news. So the next day, Sam and his mom went to buy some tools for planting trees, including a shovel (铲), a bucket, gloves and so on.
On the day of the event, Sam and his classmates arrived early at the starting point. It was a beautiful day and everyone looked particularly happy. With the tools in hand, Sam got into the bus with everyone else and headed off to their destination.
As soon as they reached the village, all the students were divided into three teams by their teacher. One team was responsible for planting the trees, one team for shovelling the soil and one team for watering the trees. At the teacher’s command, everyone started to do their job.
However, it was the first time that many of the students had taken part in planting trees, so they had no idea about how to start. Of course, Sam was one of them. Fortunately, their teacher was a middle-aged man from the countryside who had some knowledge of planting trees. In order to set an example to the students, the teacher started to plant trees himself. After watching the teacher plant the trees, everyone also became busy. Before long, they planted hundreds of trees. Sam watched very carefully, not wanting to miss any of the details. Finally, Sam learned how to plant trees by himself and felt happy.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A few days later, a storm damaged some young trees in the community. _________________________________
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_______________________________________________________________________________________________ The neighbors praised Sam for what he had done. __________________________________________________
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_______________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要内容是有关夏令营的活动时间、地点、行程安排等。
【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The program is taught by professional archaeologists from Binghamton（该项目由宾厄姆顿的专业考古学家教授）”可知，这个夏令营由来自宾汉姆顿大学的专业考古学家指导，故选C项。
【2题详解】细节理解题。由“Tickets”部分中的“$ 200 per participant （a 10% discount before May 15, 2023（每位参与者200美元（2023年5月15日前可享受10%的折扣）”可知，如果在2023年3月15日之前买票的话，会打九折，那么两个孩子总共需付360美元，故选B项。
【3题详解】细节理解题。由“Dates”部分中的“July 13-17, 2023（2023年7月13-17）”和倒数第二段中的“On the third and fourth days, participants will explore local historic sites long-covered by plants, and learn how archaeologists survey sites（在第三天和第四天，参与者将探索长期被植物覆盖的当地历史遗址，并学习考古学家如何调查遗址）”可知，参加夏令营的孩子们可能会在7月16日（夏令营第4天）去野外进行实地勘查，故选A项。
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】【导语】本篇是一篇记叙性散文。作者通过观看海岸岩石，对人的性格品质产生了思考，我们可以从岩石中学到什么?作者并产生了一定的联想。
【4题详解】推理判断题。文章前三段标明作者对岩石引起对人的思考，从第三段最后一句话“And much like a rock, I’ve found my attitude has softened and my desire to better understand others has expanded with each trip around the sun.（就像一块岩石一样，每次环绕太阳旅行，我都发现自己的态度软化了，更好地理解他人的愿望也扩大了。）”可知，岩石教会作者去理解他人，这是人类的个性，即是性格品质。故选B。
【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段“Two years ago, while traveling in the Pacific Northwest, I watched a restaurant owner ask several people to leave for not wearing masks. Not forceful and not rude. On the door read a sign: “Please wear a mask before entering our restaurant. We don’t like it either, but let’s all do what we can to get through this together.””（两年前，我在太平洋西北地区旅行时，看到一家餐馆的老板要求几个人离开，因为他们没有戴口罩。不强迫也不粗鲁。门上写着：“进入本餐厅前请戴上口罩。我们也不喜欢这样，但让我们尽我们所能一起度过难关吧。”）”和第七段“The group of young men wished to argue about the note.（这群年轻人想就这张便条争论一番。）”可知，年轻人们不愿意做老板要求他们做的事。故选B。
【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“And much like a rock, I’ve found my attitude has softened and my desire to better understand others has expanded with each trip around the sun.（就像一块岩石一样，每次环绕太阳旅行，我都发现自己的态度软化了，更好地理解他人的愿望也扩大了。）”、第八段“I sat watching, understanding both sides.（我坐在那里看着，理解双方。）”和第九段“You can fit more rounded rocks in a jar than those with sharp edges. The former look for ways to adjust and make room for others; the latter never give an inch to accommodate others.（你可以在罐子里装更多圆形的石头，而不是边缘锋利的石头。前者想办法调整自己，为他人腾出空间；后者从不为迁就他人而让步。）”可推断，作者想通过这篇文章告诉我们，开放和理解会给你带来更多的快乐。故选D。
【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Time, like the waters rolling against once sharp stones, changes us by washing away our resistance to seeing the world from another’s point of view.（时间，就像水流冲刷着曾经锋利的石头，通过冲走我们从别人的角度看世界的阻力，改变了我们。）”可知，我们每个人都在随时间而改变，和海边的石头一样，因此，A选项“Changing with Time（随时间而改变）”为本篇文章的最佳标题。故选A。
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了卡洛斯·斯利姆提出了每周工作三天的观点，虽然人们认为这个想法很疯狂，但是寿命更长、健康状况更好的人在改变工作生活人们认为斯利姆的想法与时俱进。
【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“As Mr. Slim said, it no longer makes sense for people to stop working in their fifties or sixties when they may still have up to a third of their lives ahead of them.（正如斯利姆先生所说，人们在五六十岁时停止工作没有意义，因为他们可能还有三分之一的人生要走）”可知，斯利姆先生认为五六十岁的人还有很长的未来生活，因此这个时候退休是不明智的，故选A项。
【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Keeping older employees at work makes sense for societies, especially those with a diminishing number of young people who are expected to support long-living retirees.（让年长的员工继续工作对社会来说是有意义的，尤其是那些年轻人越来越少的社会，他们被期望支持长寿的退休人员）”推知，年长的员工继续工作能减少年轻人养老的压力，故选B项。
【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词上文“People living longer, in better health, are changing working life too. Mr. Slim’s idea is（寿命更长、健康状况更好的人也在改变工作生活。斯利姆的观点是）”可知，现今的人们寿命更长、健康状况更好了，由此可知，斯利姆认为工作时间应该随着时代的变化而变化是与时俱进的。故选D项。
【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Carlos Slim’s proposal that we work a three - day week sounds crazy.（卡洛斯·斯利姆建议我们每周工作三天，这听起来很疯狂）”以及最后一段“People living longer, in better health, are changing working life too. Mr. Slim’s idea is in tune with the times.（寿命更长、健康状况更好的人也在改变工作生活。斯利姆的想法与时俱进）”可知，文章开头提出了卡洛斯·斯利姆的每周三天工作理念，后续段落对此进行了分析论证，最后一段支持这种观点，与C项“Working Three Days A Week: A Great Idea（每周工作三天：好主意！）”表达的含义一致，故选C项。
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. C
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了麻省理工学院（Massachusetts Institute of Technology）最新公布的数字建设平台（DCP）将如何解决在火星上建房子的问题的。
【12题详解】推理判断题。第一段的“While the best solution would be to have the structures ready before they get there, it has so far been a challenge given that most construction robots have never made it out of the laboratory.（虽然最好的解决方案是在结构物到达之前做好准备，但鉴于大多数建筑机器人从未走出实验室，这一直是一个挑战）”推知，在火星上建造建筑物正处于测试阶段。故选C项。
【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“...unlike other 3—D printers that are limited to building objects that fit within their overall enclosure, DCP’s free moving system can be used to construct structures of any size.（……与其他仅限于构建适合其整体外壳的物体的 3D 打印机不同，DCP 的自由移动系统可用于构建任何尺寸的结构）”可知，与其他3D打印不同，它可以建造更多样化的房屋。故选D项。
【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段的“The team recently demonstrated the DCP’s building skills on an empty field in Mountain View, CA.（该团队最近在加利福尼亚州山景城的一块空地上展示了DCP的建筑技能）”可知，本段主要介绍了DCP的成功案例。故选A项。
【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“most importantly, capable of sourcing construction components from its surroundings. This means the robot can be sent to remote, disaster-stricken areas, and perhaps even to Mars, to build shelters using whatever material is available.（最重要的是，能够从周边采购建筑构件。这意味着机器人可以被送到偏远的灾区，甚至火星，用任何可用的材料建造居所）”可知，未来DCP的最大亮点是可以现场收集建筑材料。故选C项。
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. E 19. G 20. D
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是Albuquerque国际嘉年华的相关信息。
【16题详解】空前说“But in Albuquerque, New Mexico, the beginning of October brings you a different but impressive scene.（但在新墨西哥州的Albuquerque，十月初的景象截然不同，但却令人印象深刻。）”，空格处应说到十月初令人印象深刻的景象是什么，C选项“You’ll be amazed by a skyful of hot air balloons（满天的热气球会让你惊叹不已）”说明了令人印象深刻的景象是满天的热气球，因此C选项承接上文，符合语境，故选C。
【17题详解】空前说“Started in 1972, the Albuquerque International Fiesta enjoys its 50th anniversary this year.（Albuquerque国际嘉年华始于1972年，今年是第50周年。）”，空后说“and is the largest gathering of balloonists in the world, with more than 500 hot air balloons flying high in the sky this week（这是世界上最大的热气球爱好者聚会，本周有500多个热气球在高空飞行）”，因此空格处也应该是介绍中国嘉年华的，B选项“It has now become a 9-day international event（现在它已经成为一个为期9天的国际活动）”介绍的是这个嘉年华的相关信息，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选B。
【18题详解】空后说“The park sits on the northern outskirts of Albuquerque with the Sandia Mountains a few miles away.（公园坐落在阿尔布开克的北郊，几英里外是桑迪亚山脉。）”，空格处应该会提到这个公园，E选项“The event is staged from the 365-acre Balloon Fiesta Park（该活动在365英亩的气球节公园举行）”说明这个公园是嘉年华举行的地方，因此E选项引起下文，符合语境，故选E。
【19题详解】空前说“The Balloon Fiesta claims to be the most photographed event in the world, and it’s easy to understand why.（气球嘉年华称是世界上上镜最多的活动，原因很容易理解。）”，空格处应解释原因，即什么是最值得拍照的，G选项“The mass uprising of all the balloons is the most picturesque scene of the week（所有气球的集体升空是这一周最美丽的一幕）”解释了这个活动是世界上上镜最多的活动的原因，因此G选项承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
【20题详解】
空前说“In the age of jets and helicopters and rockets, the mass celebration of nearly silent flight reminds us of the magic of flying（在喷气机、直升机和火箭的时代，这种近乎无声的飞行庆典提醒着我们飞行的魔力）”，空格处应说这种魔力是什么，D选项“It is not about speed, but simply reaching the sky（这与速度无关，而仅仅是到达天空）”解释了这种飞行的魔力，因此D选项承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. D 26. B 27. B 28. A 29. A 30. D
31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。小时候“我”非常崇拜父亲，但随着慢慢长大，“我”开始觉得父亲非常让人尴尬，但是在一次学校比赛中，“我”意识到父亲非常值得自己感到骄傲，“我”开始觉得拥有这样一位父亲是非常幸运的事情，多年来，“我”与父亲建立的关系使“我”能够回顾过去，看到自己是如何成长的。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在我小的时候，我爸爸说的都是信条，他做的任何事，我自然都会模仿。A. temporarily 临时地；B. naturally 自然地；C. originally 起初；D. passively 被动地。根据“all that my dad said was doctrine”可知，此处是指爸爸做的任何事“我”自然都会模仿。故选B。
【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，我们不再像以前那么亲密了。A. close 亲密的；B. reliable 可靠的；C. generous 慷慨的；D. confident 有信心的。根据“as we used to be”可知，此处是指不再像以前那么亲密了。故选A。
【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他听着讨厌的乡村音乐，在我朋友面前大声笑。A. creative 创造性的；B. familiar 熟悉的；C. horrible 讨厌的；D. live 现场的。根据后文“He became a total embarrassment.（他完全成了一个令人难堪的人）”可知，此处是指“我”觉得他听的乡村音乐很讨厌。故选C。
【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在学校发生的灾难更糟糕。A. failures 失败；B. coincidences 巧合；C. competitions 比赛；D. disasters 灾难。根据“that occurred in school were even worse”和前文“He became a total embarrassment.”可知，此处是指在学校发生的灾难更糟糕。故选D。
【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种挣扎一直持续到高中，但我们开始找到一种平衡。A. debate 辩论；B. party 聚会；C. progress 进步；D. struggle 挣扎。根据前文“that occurred in school were even worse”和“He became a total embarrassment.”可知，此处是指“我”和父亲的尴尬相处是一种挣扎。故选D。
【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事情在我十年级的物理项目开始发生变化。A. happen 发生；B. change 改变；C. grow 生长；D. disappear 消失。根据前文“but we somehow began to find a balance”可知，此处是指事情开始发生变化。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：任务是建造一座强度重量比最佳的木桥。A. issue 问题；B. task 任务；C. lesson 课；D. procedure 手续。根据“to build a wood bridge with the best strength-to-weight ratio”可知，此处是指任务是建造一座强度重量比最佳的木桥。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有的学生和物理老师都参加了。A. participated 参加；B. protested 抗议；C. hesitated 犹豫；D. explored 探索。根据后文“my dad defeated all competitors and won everyone’s admiration（我爸爸击败了所有的竞争对手，赢得了所有人的钦佩）”可知，此处是指所有的学生和物理老师都参加了。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：像往常一样，我尴尬地逃离了现场。A. fled 逃离；B. investigated 调查；C. pictured 想象；D. made 制作。根据“Embarrassed, as usual”可知，此处是指“我”逃离了现场。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，后来当我从朋友那里得知父亲击败了所有竞争对手，赢得了所有人的钦佩时，我发现在我的尴尬中夹杂着一丝骄傲。A. Instead 取而代之的是；B. Otherwise 否则；C. Therefore 因此；D. However 然而。根据前文“Embarrassed, as usual”和后文“later when I learned from my friends that my dad defeated all competitors and won everyone’s admiration”可知，前后构成转折关系。故选D。
【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，后来当我从朋友那里得知父亲击败了所有竞争对手，赢得了所有人的钦佩时，我发现在我的尴尬中夹杂着一丝骄傲。A. confusion 困惑；B. encouragement 鼓励；C. embarrassment 尴尬；D. fascination 魅力。根据前文“Embarrassed, as usual”和“mixed in with”可知，此处是指尴尬中夹杂着一丝骄傲。故选C。
【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我需要别人向我展示我欣赏父亲的地方。A. recommended 推荐；B. tolerated 忍受；C. doubted 怀疑；D. appreciated 欣赏。根据后文“It wasn’t the fact that he’d won; it was more than that.（不是因为他赢了；不仅如此）”可知，此处是指欣赏父亲的地方。故选D。
【33题详解】考查形容词和动词短语辨析。句意：我开始意识到我们有很多相同的价值观，有时还有相同的观点。A. be aware of 意识到；B. call for 要求；C. argue for 赞成；D. bring about 导致。根据“many of the same values and sometimes the same opinions that we have”可知，此处是指意识到“我”们有很多相同的价值观。故选A。
【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有这样一位与众不同的父亲，我感到很幸运。A. puzzled 困惑的；B. fortunate 幸运的；C. concerned 担忧的；D. awkward 令人尴尬的。根据“to have such an unusual father”可知，此处是指感到很幸运。故选B。
【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年来，我与父亲建立的关系使我能够回顾过去，看到自己是如何成长的。A. strategy 策略；B. habit 习惯；C. relationship 关系；D. potential 潜能。根据“I have developed with my dad”可知，此处是指与父亲建立的关系。故选C。
36. exhibits/exhibitions 37. a 38. features 39. has been 40. combining
41. unbelievably 42. why 43. Dedicated 44. as 45. occasional
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。在过去的十年里，生活在北京的希腊摄影师乔治·杜帕斯一直在拍摄这座城市，捕捉它的美丽，并在网上和展览中分享这些照片。
【36题详解】考查名词。句意：在过去的十年里，他一直在拍摄这座城市，捕捉它的美丽，并在网上和展览中分享这些照片。根据句意和空格前的“in”并分析句子可知，空格处应该填名词形式，表示在展览中。exhibit 一词本身可以作为名词形式，意为展览，也可以填其派生词exhibition，这两个词It’s what you do right now that makes a difference. 都是可数名词，此处应填复数形式，故填exhibits/exhibitions。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：“这真正代表了北京——旧与新，完美地融合在一起，”杜帕斯在展示他拍摄的智化寺的照片时说。智化寺是一座精致的明代建筑。根据句意可知，空格处应该填入冠词，且此处泛指“一座精致的明代建筑”，且delicate音素以辅音开头，故应用不定冠词a，故填a。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：它位于现代办公大楼银河SOHO的前面，以编织的桥梁和环环相扣的通道为特色。根据句意和主句的时态是一般现在时可知，从句也应该用一般现在时，再由从句主语which指代前文的it可知，从句谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式。故填features。
【39题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：北京拥有丰富的历史遗产，自明朝以来一直是中国的重要传统文化中心。根据句意并分析句子可知，空格处是该句子的谓语部分。由时间状语“since the Ming Dynasty”可知，句子应该用现在完成时，再由主语“Beijing”可知，谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式。故填has been。
【40题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：同时，他也惊叹于这座把高端商业和各行业融为一体的现代化城市。根据句意和所给动词“combine”分析句子可知，空格处应该填入combine的非谓语形式作定语，修饰前面的名词“city”，因为名词“city”和动词“combine”之间是主动关系，所以应该用现在分词combining作定语。故填combining。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：看到一座城市以难以置信的速度在发展着，还投入如此大的精力来保护它的过去，这让人很着迷。这就是我决定在这里追求事业的原因。所以此空应该用副词修饰形容词rapid，且此处意为“令人难以置信地”，故应用副词“unbelievably”修作状语。故填unbelievably。
【42题详解】
考查连接副词。句意：同上。根据句意并分析句子可知，空格后的部分是一个表语从句，空格处应该填入一个连接词引导表语从句，且意义为“为什么”，所以应该用连接副词why。故填why。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：致力投身于他在中国作为一个摄影师的工作，Doupas希望充当中西方文化的桥梁。根据句子分析可知，此处作状语，主语Doupas与dedicate之间为被动关系，故应用dedicate的过去分词形式作状语。故填Dedicated。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：同上。根据句意，空格处应该填入一个介词意为“作为”，故填as。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我原来在北京只是偶尔停留现在已经变成永久居住了，我现在把北京称作家，我会继续和全世界分享关于中国的摄影作品的。根据句意可知，空格处应该填修饰名词“stay”的形容词，且意为“偶尔的”，故填occasional。
小作文参考范文：
Aiming to stimulate students’ interest in science, our school invited professor Shi Yigong to deliver an academic report themed Heroes from Youngsters on 18 April.
The activity was so warmly welcomed that more than 500 students participated in it. During the report, professor Shi showed many interesting scientific phenomenon, making students feel the charm of science. Meanwhile, he encouraged students to be armed with science and inspired them to be devoted to science research after graduation. In the end, he patiently answered students’ questions.
The report was highly thought of, for it not only motivated students to study hard, but also helped students establish lofty ideals. It’s really a success.
续写参考范文：
A few days later, a storm damaged some young trees in the community. After seeing what had happened, Sam felt that it was time for him to put the skills of planting trees he had learned to use. He went home and told his mom he wanted to save those trees. So he took the tools that he had used to plant the trees. With the skills taught by his teacher, he worked with his mom to replant those trees. They helped the trees survive.
The neighbors praised Sam for what he had done. Sam told them about his experience of planting trees. But he owed all the kindnesses to his teacher and mother. He explained that because of his teacher and mother, he learned the skills and saved the trees. The neighbors were very happy to hear that. They said Sam was a role model and that they would ask their children to learn the skills from Sam. Sam felt proud and decided to develop a better community and protect the environment with them.
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