江苏省溧阳市2021-2022学年高一英语下学期期末试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份江苏省溧阳市2021-2022学年高一英语下学期期末试题（Word版附解析），共24页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分30分）， Wh is Caesar?等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2021-2022学年度第二学期期末教学质量调研
高一英语试题
第一部分 听力（共两节，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man think of the math exam?
A. Helpful. B. Difficult. C. Easy.
2. What are the speakers doing probably?
A. Taking a photo. B. Buying cheese. C. Climbing the Eiffel Tower.
3. What season is it now?
A. Autumn. B. Winter. C. Spring.
4. Who is Caesar?
A. A brother. B. A neighbour. C. A dog.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. The rise of astronauts. B. Food for astronauts. C. China’s space station.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答6-7题。
6. What color of shirts does the man’s team get?
A. White. B. Yellow. C. Green.
7. What is the woman going to do?
A. Have the shirts changed. B. Go to the man’s office. C. Print pictures on the shirts.
听第7段材料，回答8-10题。
8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Friends. B. Husband and wife. C. Dentist and patient.
9 Who is good at making pies?
A The man’s sister. B. The man’s aunt. C. The woman’s aunt.
10. What is the woman’s advice?
A. Eating less sweet food. B. Brushing the teeth very often. C. Taking the medicine every day.
听第8段材料，回答11-13题。
11. Where does the man live now?
A. In a polluted city. B. On a lonely island. C. Beside a beautiful mountain.
12. Why does the woman come to the mountains?
A. To look for a fairyland. B. To visit the man’s house. C. To collect information for study.
13. What does the man offer to do for the woman?
A. Let her use his own car. B. Guide her in the mountains. C. Protect her from wild animals.
听第9段材料，回答14-17题。
14. What is new in the first apartment?
A. The bedroom. B. The kitchen. C. The bathroom.
15. What is the man’s suggestion?
A. Sharing an apartment. B. Talking to her roommate. C. Finding a cheaper apartment.
16. How many apartments do the speakers mention?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four
17. What will the speakers do next?
A. Make some calls. B. Go on a date. C. See another apartment.
听第10段材料，回答18-20题。
18. What does the speaker mainly talk about?
A. Holiday plans for children. B. Popularity of short video apps. C. Children’s problems of screen time.
19. How many parents showed their worry in the survey?
A. About 1,300. B. About 1,800. C. About 2,000.
20. What is the best way to solve the problem?
A. Keeping the kids entertained all the time.
B. Setting a good example to their children.
C. Making a screen time reduction plan for kids.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Excellent Music Festivals for Families
Music is a universal language that kids can understand. Here is a list of excellent music festivals for families.
Joshua Tree Music Festival—Joshua Tree, CA
The festival features a variety of musicians from all over the world and activities for kids. Besides opening their ears to new music, kids will want to spend time at Kidsville—the area designed specifically for them. Pets are not allowed. The festival allows outside food and drinks, though items will also be for sale on the site.
Summerfest—Milwaukee, WI
With more than 800 acts on 11 stages in 11 days, Summerfest in Milwaukee is a great choice for families who want to rock. The list of performers goes on and on. Plus, there are special kids’ days on Fridays throughout the festival, with specific activities designed for those with special needs. Activities include games, music, food and more, aiming to make every child have fun!
Taste of Country Music Festival—Hunter, NY
Put on your cowboy boots and hat for this annual country music festival. Families can camp near the festival, or stay at a festival-sponsored hotel with a children’s playground and free breakfast. The hotel offers transportation to and from the festival for a small fee (费用). Outside food, glass containers of any kind and umbrellas are not allowed at the festival.
The Ride Festival—Telluride, CO
The festival takes place all through Telluride. Families can taste various food and drinks, or simply enjoy the wonderful views. There are lots of areas for families to camp near the festival. Transportation to and from the festival is free. Plastic or metal containers are permitted at the festival, but glass containers are not.
1. In which festival are pet dogs not permitted?
A. Summerfest. B. The Ride Festival.
C. Joshua Tree Music Festival. D. Taste of Country Music Festival.
2. What is special about Summerfest?
A. It has musicians from all over the world. B. It is a special country music concert for kids.
C. It takes kids with special needs into consideration. D. It provides chances to share the stage with performers.
3. What can we learn about the last two festivals?
A. Neither of them permits camping. B. They both offer free transportation.
C. They both provide specific areas for kids. D. Neither of them allows any glass containers.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了四个适合家庭的音乐节。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Joshua Tree Music Festival—Joshua Tree, CA部分中“Pets are not allowed.(宠物禁止入内)”可知，Joshua Tree音乐节不允许宠物入内。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Summerfest—Milwaukee, WI部分中“Plus, there are special kids’ days on Fridays throughout the festival, with specific activities designed for those with special needs.(此外，在整个节日期间，周五还有特别的儿童日，为那些有特殊需求的人设计了特定的活动)”可知，Summerfest的特殊之处在于它会考虑到有特殊需要的孩子。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Taste of Country Music Festival—Hunter, NY部分中“Outside food, glass containers of any kind and umbrellas are not allowed at the festival.(外面的食物、任何玻璃容器和雨伞都不允许进入音乐节)”及The Ride Festival—Telluride, CO部分中“Plastic or metal containers are permitted at the festival, but glass containers are not.(塑料或金属容器可以在电影节上使用，但玻璃容器则不行)”可知，最后两个音乐节都不允许携带任何玻璃容器。故选D项。
B
Fisayo Longe started her fashion label Kai Collective to celebrate all female forms—not just the western idea of beauty. “I feel my clothes transform you into a woman who is more confident,” says Longe.
Born in London and raised in Lagos, Nigeria, before returning to the UK when she was 15, Longe’s original outlet for her love of fashion was her blog Mirror Me. Having a passion for travel, Longe would pick up fabrics from the countries she visited and make clothes for herself, which she posted on social media. As her creations started to become a hit, the seed for her own brand was planted.
“I wanted something I could put 100% of my creativity into, something that belonged to me and women like me,” explains the business owner, who recalls going into a high street store and the jeans not fitting her body very well.
Longe says, “I’ve always wanted to build that kind of community of women because, having grown up in Nigeria, I feel some women are made to feel they have to dim (使暗淡)their light—we don’t realize our power. Things are all centred around men and marriage. I want to build a community that focuses on ourselves and our confidence.”
With no formal fashion training, Longe set up Kai Collective four years ago with money borrowed from her mum. Longe is the first to admit she was rather “naive” when she started, giving an example of heading to Turkey with her mother to find a company to produce her designs. “That’s not the way to find producers,” she says. “It’s much better to go to trade shows.”
But whatever she’s doing, it’s obviously working, with the brand featured in an Elle magazine cover shoot with the model Adwoa Aboah, as well as in Beyonce’s black-owned businesses list.
4. How did Longe express her love of fashion at first?
A. By setting up her own brand. B. By making her clothes while travelling.
C. By visiting high street stores frequently. D. By putting her designs on social media.
5. What is Longe trying to do?
A. To help women realize their dreams. B. To stress women’s role in a community.
C To inspire women to live independently. D. To encourage women to find their own value.
6. What can we learn about Longe when she first started her business?
A. She was afraid of failure. B. She got formal fashion training.
C. She lacked relevant experience. D. She hunted for producers at trade shows.
7. What does the last paragraph want to tell us about Longe?
A. She is on the right track. B. She will never give up.
C. She has great ambitions. D. She is really hard-working.
【答案】4. D 5. D 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Fisayo Longe创立她的时尚品牌的故事。文章讲述了她的创作背景、过程及后来的成绩。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Longe’s original outlet for her love of fashion was her blog Mirror Me. Having a passion for travel, Longe would pick up fabrics from the countries she visited and make clothes for herself, which she posted on social media. As her creations started to become a hit, the seed for her own brand was planted.”（她最初用博客Mirror Me来表达自己对时尚的热爱。朗格对旅行充满热情，她会从她去过的国家挑选布料，为自己制作衣服，并把它们发布在社交媒体上。随着她的创作开始成为热门，她自己的品牌的种子已经种下。）可知Longe最初通过自己选布料为自己制作衣服并发布在媒体上来表达自己对时尚的热爱。故选D项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段““I’ve always wanted to build that kind of community of women because, having grown up in Nigeria, I feel some women are made to feel they have to dim (使暗淡)their light-we don’t realize our power. Things are all centred around men and marriage. I want to build a community that focuses on ourselves and our confidence.””（“我一直想建立这样一个女性社区，因为在尼日利亚长大，我觉得有些女性不得不觉得她们必须使她们的光变暗——我们没有意识到我们的力量。一切都以男人和婚姻为中心。我想建立一个专注于我们自己和我们的信心的社区。”）可知Longe生活在尼日利亚，一个一切以男人和婚姻为中心的地方，毫不关注女人自身和她们的价值。由此推知，Longe想建立一个女性社区，来帮助她们找回自我价值，找回自信。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Longe is the first to admit she was rather “naive” when she started, giving an example of heading to Turkey with her mother to find a company to produce her designs. “That’s not the way to find producers,” she says. “It’s much better to go to trade shows.”（Longe是第一个承认她刚开始的时候相当“天真”的人，举了一个例子，她和母亲一起去土耳其寻找一家公司来生产她的设计。“这不是寻找生产商的方式，”她说。“去参加贸易展览要好得多。”）可知她一开始就直接去找公司生产她的设计，她自己也觉得这个是不妥当的，应该先去参加展览，获得市场的反响后再去决定是不是找生产商生产，所以推知她对于这些事是缺乏经验的。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“But whatever she’s doing, it’s obviously working, with the brand featured in an Elle magazine cover shoot with the model Adwoa Aboah, as well as in Beyonce’s black-owned businesses list.”（但无论她在做什么，它显然都在发挥作用，该品牌出现在Elle杂志的封面照片中，封面是模特 Adwoa Aboah，以及出现在碧昂斯的黑人拥有的企业名单中）可知，她的工作都在正确的轨道上。故选A项。
C
For centuries, humans have explored the Earth’s mountains, jungles and deserts. But despite covering over 70% of the Earth’s surface, the ocean is still relatively a mystery. In fact, we know more about the surface of Mars than we learn about the sea floor. However, getting a fuller picture of the ocean would enable us to navigate ships more safely, create more accurate climate models, build offshore wind farms and protect ocean species-all part of what’s known as the “blue economy”.
Underwater robotic vehicles equipped with sensors are helping gather that data more quickly and more cheaply than ever before. But many of these vehicles rely on batteries with a limited lifespan, and need to return to a boat or the shore to recharge, making it difficult for them to map remoter parts of the sea.
A company called Seatrec is rising to the challenge, founded by oceanographer Yi Chao. While working at NASA. he developed a way to power ocean robots by making use of the naturally occurring temperature disparity of the sea. The power module can be installed on Seatrec’s own floating device. As the float moves between colder and warmer parts of the ocean, the material inside the power module either melts or becomes solid, causing pressure that in turn creates energy and powers the robot’s generator. “The ocean robots can get charged by the sea, so they can extend their lifetime almost indefinitely,” Chao said.
The power module can be placed in existing data-gathering robots. The robot dives a kilometer down to examine the chemistry and the shape of the seabed, using sonar (声呐)to create a map of the surrounding area. The robot returns to the surface to send back its findings by means of satellite.
The technology can extend the reach of data-gathering devices, according to Jamie Phillips, director of the GEBCO Seabed 2030 Project. “One of the huge challenges we have is simply physics: unlike mapping the Earth’s surface where we can use cameras or satellites. At sea, the light can’t go through the water column. So we’re much limited to using sonar systems. Therefore, this technology can help deal with the problem well,” said Jamie.
8. What does Paragraph 1 tell us about ocean exploration?
A. It is challenging but significant. B. It may do harm to ocean creatures.
C. It can be as difficult as space exploration. D. It mainly focuses on mapping the seabed.
9. What’s the problem with underwater robotic vehicles?
A. They fail to gather data rapidly. B. They lack the stable power supply.
C. They can only map shallow waters. D. They work poorly with advanced sensors.
10. What does the underlined word “disparity” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Range. B. Control. C. Record. D. Difference.
11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Aims of the Seabed 2030 Project B. New power modules for ocean robots
C. The “blue economy” project of Seatrec D. The future of data-gathering ocean robots
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了利用海洋自然产生温差为海洋机器人的电源模块提供动力，以及这种电源模块的工作原理及它所带来的突破。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“But despite covering over 70% of the Earth’s surface, the ocean is still relatively a mystery.”（尽管覆盖了地球表面的70%，海洋仍然是一个相对神秘的地方）可知尽管海洋覆盖地球表面70%，但是对于我们来说还是很神秘，因为人们的探索程度少，可推知探索起来肯定不是那么容易的，是充满挑战的。文章第一段“However, getting a fuller picture of the ocean would enable us to navigate ships more safely, create more accurate climate models, build offshore wind farms and protect ocean species-all part of what’s known as the “blue economy”. （然而，更全面地了解海洋将使我们能够更安全地驾驶船只，建立更精确的气候模型，建立近海风力发电场，保护海洋物种——所有这些都是所谓的“蓝色经济”的一部分）可知探索海洋的意义重大。综上所述，故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“But many of these vehicles rely on batteries with a limited lifespan, and need to return to a boat or the shore to recharge, making it difficult for them to map remoter parts of the sea.”（但是很多这样的交通工具依赖于寿命有限的电池，需要回到船上或者岸上充电，这使得它们很难绘制更远的海域地图。）可知，目前的水下机器人缺乏稳定的电力供应。故选B项。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“As the float moves between colder and warmer parts of the ocean, the material inside the power module either melts or becomes solid, causing pressure that in turn creates energy and powers the robot’s generator.”（随着漂浮物在海洋中较冷和较暖的部分之间移动，电源模块中的物质要么融化，要么变成固体，产生压力，反过来产生能量，为机器人的发电机提供动力。）可知漂浮物在较冷和较暖的部分移动，这是利用两者之间的温差；故disparity的意思是“差别、不同”。故选D项。
【11题详解】
标题判断题。根据文章第三段“he developed a way to power ocean robots by making use of the naturally occurring temperature disparity of the sea. The power module can be installed on Seatrec’s own floating device.”（他发明了一种利用海洋自然产生的温差为海洋机器人提供动力的方法。电源模块可以安装在Seatrec自己的浮动设备上）提出利用海洋自然产生的温差为海洋机器人的电源模块提供动力的方法后，文章后面的段落一直在描述这个电源模块的工作原理和这项技术所带来的益处。故B项“New power modules for ocean robots”（海洋机器人的新型电源模块）符合题意。故选B项。
D
Nonprofits usually try to give donors a simple message: Donate $50 now to help someone in poverty. But how does your donation get to the person in need? And how do these international nonprofits actually operate?
Nonprofits are usually headquartered in the USA or Europe. Many of them have “field offices” in the under-developed countries where they work. These offices often employ locals or nationals understanding the language and culture. Larger nonprofits sometimes create local affiliates (分支). So when you donate to World Vision, for example, your gift may get passed on to World Vision Kenya, a semi-independent organization.
Other international nonprofits partner with local organizations, which are smaller nonprofits started by people in poorer countries so they could help people in their own communities. Here’s how the partnership usually works: the international nonprofit asks for donations and then passes them on to the local partners. I work for an international nonprofit called West African Vocational Schools (WAVS) and we partner with a local organization called Ponte da Vida.
International nonprofits know that many donors like to support children in poverty, so child sponsorship programs are a popular way to raise funds. But how those donations are actually used varies. World Vision, for example, uses child sponsorship funds to help everyone in a community. Usually, these are communities where most people are living in poverty. World Vision has learned the hard way that giving special treatment to one child isn’t a sustainable way to help people in poverty. Besides, it often has unintended consequences: children who don’t get free stuff feel jealous (嫉妒的).
WAVS has a different model. We encourage our donors to join One Student, a community of monthly givers who help equip young people in West Africa with life-changing job skills. They usually give $40/month because that’s how much it takes to cover the cost of training one student for one month. The donations are sent to Ponte da Vida, which uses the funds to operate WAVS vocational schools in West Africa.
Still have questions? Feel free to email me.
12. What can we learn about World Vision?
A. It is a partly independent organization. B. It has branches in many countries.
C. It partners with WAVS. D. It is based in Kenya.
13. What does World Vision think of treating poor kids specially?
A. It causes negative effects. B. It is helpful and effective.
C. It costs higher than expected. D. It should have an age restriction.
14. What is the duty of One Student members?
A. Operating vocational schools in West Africa. B. Teaching children life-changing job skills.
C Contributing money to WAVS regularly. D. Seeking partnership with Ponte da Vida.
15. What is the purpose of this text?
A. To call for donations. B. To explain how nonprofits work.
C. To show how kids in need receive donations. D. To recommend some nonprofits to volunteers.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过列举World Vision、WAVS这些国际非营利组织，来为读者揭开国际非营利组织的运作模式。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Larger nonprofits sometimes create local affiliates (分支). So when you donate to World Vision, for example, your gift may get passed on to World Vision Kenya, a semi-independent organization. (规模较大的非营利组织有时会创建本地附属机构(分支机构)。例如，当你向世界宣明会捐款时，你的礼物可能会传递给肯尼亚世界宣明会，一个半独立的组织)”，可推知你在你的国家向World Vision捐赠时候，可能你的礼物会到达肯尼亚那里，说明World Vision在世界上有些国家是由分支机构的。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“World Vision has learned the hard way that giving special treatment to one child isn’t a sustainable way to help people in poverty. Besides, it often has unintended consequences: children who don’t get free stuff feel jealous (嫉妒的).(世界宣明会艰难地认识到，给予一名儿童特殊待遇不是帮助贫困人口的可持续方式。此外，这往往会产生意想不到的后果：没有免费物品的孩子会感觉嫉妒的)”，可知World Vision认为特别对待贫困儿童会造成负面影响。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“We encourage our donors to join One Student, a community of monthly givers who help equip young people in West Africa with life-changing job skills. They usually give $40/month because that’s how much it takes to cover the cost of training one student for one month. (我们鼓励我们的捐助者加入一个学生，这是一个每月捐赠者社区，帮助西非的年轻人掌握改变生活的工作技能。他们通常每月支付40美元，因为这是培训一名学生一个月的费用)”，可知One Student的成员，每月都要捐赠40美元，即规律性地向WAVS捐款。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。文章第一段“But how does your donation get to the person in need? And how do these international nonprofits actually operate? (但是你的捐款怎样才能到达需要帮助的人那里呢？这些国际非营利组织实际上是如何运作的？)”引出国际非营利组织是如何运作的这个一个话题，文章后面段落都是围绕这个标题在写，也列举了World Vision、WAVS这些国际非营利组织的运作模式。故B选项“To explain how nonprofits work.(解释非营利组织是如何运作的)”是本文的写作意图。故选B项。
第二节 七选五（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The hardest thing to do is keep trying hard to achieve our goal when we see no signs of change. This is because our brains like observable evidence that our efforts are getting us closer to what we want and who we want to become. ___16___ So how do we keep motivated and continue fighting when it seems to make no progress?
Keep a detailed daily record. Write down any and all observable changes, even if you feel like they are not worthy to be written down. Those kinds of changes usually do not continue in our memories, so we may not be able to notice all the changes that are actually happening. ___17___
Don’t compare with anyone else. Celebrate what is happening in your journey rather than looking at someone else’s path and thinking about what happened to them. ___18___ You don’t need to come in “first place”.
Question your expectations. Remember to often ask yourself: ___19___ Unrealistic expectations increase frustration and disappointment and can be difficult for you to recover from when unmet.
___20___ If you stare at the minute hand of a clock, the passing of an hour will seem like a lifetime. When you are working on a goal, it is important to diversify（使多样化）how you spend your time. Doing so will reduce your disappointment if your goal is not happening fast enough.
A. Have a life outside of your goal.
B. Remember that life is not a race.
C. However, things don’t always go smoothly.
D. What do I expect to achieve by setting this goal?
E. Undoubtedly, our efforts will pay off sooner or later.
F. Are my expectations for how and when I meet my goal realistic?
G. Small changes, when gathered, eventually lead to the big change that we long for.
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. B 19. F 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了我们在朝着目标前进的时候发生的变化往往是微小的，但是我们依然要保持战斗的动力；不要和别人作比较，也要善于坚查自己的期望是否现实；变化总是以小积大的，我们终究会实现目标。
【16题详解】
上文“The hardest thing to do is keep trying hard to achieve our goal when we see no signs of change. This is because our brains like observable evidence that our efforts are getting us closer to what we want and who we want to become(最困难的事情是，当我们看不到任何改变的迹象时，继续努力实现我们的目标。这是因为我们的大脑喜欢可观察到的证据，证明我们的努力正使我们更接近我们想要的和我们想成为的人)”可知在朝着目标努力的时候，有时候看不到变化；下文“So how do we keep motivated and continue fighting when it seems to make no progress?(那么，我们如何保持动力继续战斗，当一切似乎没有任何进展的时候)”可知下文讲述在没有进展的时候如何保持战斗的动力；C项“However, things don’t always go smoothly.(然而，事情并不总是一帆风顺)”符合题意，承接了上文的观点即在朝着目标努力的时候，往往看不到变化，这个并不是总一帆风顺的，引出了下文所述在看不到进展的时候应如何保持战斗的动力。故选C项。
【17题详解】
上文“Those kinds of changes usually do not continue in our memories, so we may not be able to notice all the changes that are actually happening.(这些变化通常不会在我们的记忆中持续，所以我们可能无法注意到实际发生的所有变化)”可知微小的变化是即使是有的，我们也不一定能注意到；选项G“Small changes, when gathered, eventually lead to the big change that we long for.(小的变化，聚集在一起，最终会导致我们渴望的大变化)”承接了上文，意在说明小的变化最后聚集在一起，就是我们渴望的大的变化，积小成大。故选G项。
【18题详解】
上文“Don’t compare with anyone else. Celebrate what is happening in your journey rather than looking at someone else’s path and thinking about what happened to them(不要和任何人比较。庆祝你的旅程中正在发生的事情，而不是看着别人的道路，思考发生在他们身上的事情)”可知上文在说不要和别人作比较；B选项“Remember that life is not a race(请记住，生活不是一场比赛)”承接了上文，意在说明不要和别人做比较，生活不是一场比赛，符合题意。故选B项。
【19题详解】
上文“Question your expectations. Remember to often ask yourself(质疑你的期望。 记得经常问自己)”可知上文提到了要质疑自己的期望；下文“Unrealistic expectations increase frustration and disappointment and can be difficult for you to recover from when unmet.(不切实际的期望会增加挫败感和失望，并且在未得到满足时可能难以恢复)”可知下文讲述不切实际的期望所带来的后果；推知空处讲述的是上文所述的质疑自己的期望之后，判断自己对实现目标的方式和时间的期望是否现实，所以才能引出下文所讲的不切实际的期望所带来的后果；故选F项。
【20题详解】
下文“If you stare at the minute hand of a clock, the passing of an hour will seem like a lifetime. When you are working on a goal, it is important to diversify(使多样化)how you spend your time. Doing so will reduce your disappointment if your goal is not happening fast enough.(如果你盯着时钟的分针看，一个小时的过去就像是一辈子。当你在为一个目标工作时，分散你的时间是很重要的。如果你的目标实现得不够快，这样做可以减少你的失望)”可知不要老盯着时间看，要分散时间，否则会觉得离实现目标太遥远；可推知空处应该是本段的主旨句；A项“Have a life outside of your goal.（拥有超越自己目标的生活）”可知作者意在表明要有自己的生活，这种生活里不仅仅有你的目标，还有其他，作者这是在强调不要总是盯着自己的目标，与下文所讲述的主旨相吻合。故选A项。
第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Chess is a game of make-believe kings and queens, pawns (卒) and rooks (车). So what does that have to do with reality? ___21___, quite a bit.
Damen Fletcher, who learned how to play chess at the age of 13, grew up in Compton, Los Angeles. After ___22___ the city to attend college, he came home to find his childhood friends ___23___. “Some of them had fallen into prison. Gang life and drugs... ‘Why did I have such a different ___24___?’ I started to ___25___. And it was chess,” he said. To help kids of all ages in Compton ___26___ the game of life and find their inner king and queen, he started Train of Thought.
“Every game of chess is 75 to 100 moves, and every single move that your opponent (对手)makes presents a new problem for you to ___27___,” he said. “And kids are just having fun. They don’t ___28___ that they’re dealing with problems.”
___29___ for 12-year-old Andre, chess is more than just a(n) ____30____. “I use a lot of stuff that I leaned on the chess board in ____31____ life, like, think before you ____32____,” he said. He’s just one of thousands of students from some of Los Angeles’ ____33____ neighborhoods learning to play chess. “My main thing in class is: be a scholar-being prepared, productive and never giving up,” Andre said.
While the program is ____34____ in schools in Los Angeles, Fletcher’s dream is to expand it nationwide-and even bring it to schools around the ____35____.
21. A. Looks like B. Turns out C. Ends up D. Finds out
22. A. leaving B. entering C. escaping D. joining
23. A. fighting B. complaining C. playing D. struggling
24. A. origin B. purpose C. outcome D. base
25. A. wonder B. doubt C. understand D. assume
26. A. master B. practice C. start D. enjoy
27. A. choose B. solve C. avoid D. arrange
28. A. admit B. believe C. accept D. realize
29. A. Or B. As C. So D. But
30. A. game B. hobby C. skill D. ability
31. A. adult B. modern C. real D. dream
32. A. change B. win C. speak D. act
33. A. farthest B. toughest C. most familiar D. most developed
34. A. consequently B. obviously C. currently D. frequently
35. A. neighborhood B. world C. country D. city
【答案】21 B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述Damen Fletcher通过教孩子们国际象棋来改变他们的思维，以及对生活的态度。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：那么这与现实有什么关系呢？原来，相当多。A. Looks like好像，看起来像；B. Turns out原来；C. Ends up结束；D. Finds out找出。上文“So what does that have to do with reality”在问这个与现实有什么关系；文章第二段“Damen Fletcher, who learned how to play chess at the age of 13, grew up in Compton, Los Angeles.（Damen Fletcher在13岁时学会下棋，在洛杉矶康普顿长大。）”可知第二段开始，文章就在讲述与象棋有关的事情。可推知“___1___, quite a bit. ”表达的是“原来，有相当多关系”，来引出下文对与象棋有关事情的描述。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：离开城市上大学后，他回到家，发现童年的朋友们在苦苦挣扎。A. leaving离开；B. entering进入；C. escaping逃跑；D. joining加入。上句“Damen Fletcher, who learned how to play chess at the age of 13, grew up in Compton, Los Angeles.”可知Damen在洛杉矶长大；本句“After ___2__ the city to attend college, he came home to find his childhood friends __3__.”可知他上大学了，回家寻找儿时的朋友，可推知他应该是离开了他生长的那个城市，去别的地方上大学，故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：离开城市上大学后，他回到家，发现童年的朋友们在苦苦挣扎。A. fighting斗争；B. complaining抱怨；C. playing玩；D. struggling挣扎。由下文“Some of them had fallen into prison. Gang life and drugs”可知他们有些人已经入狱、帮派生活和毒品……，可推知他的一些朋友的境遇非常不好，在苦苦挣扎，故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为什么我会有如此不同的结果？A. origin起源；B. purpose目的；C. outcome结果；D. base基础。由上文“Some of them had fallen into prison. Gang life and drugs”可知他的一些朋友入狱、参与帮派、毒品，结果非常坏；文章第二段第二句“After ___2___ the city to attend college,”可知作者去上大学了，可知他和他的朋友的结果差别非常大。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始犯疑惑。A. wonder疑惑；B. doubt怀疑；C. understand明白；D. assume认为。根据“Gang life and drugs... ‘Why did I have such a different 　　　4　　?’ ”可知，他不相信差距，对此事感到疑惑。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是国际象棋，他说。为了帮助康普顿各个年龄段的孩子掌握这个生活游戏并帮助他们找到他们内心的国王和王后，他创办了Train of Thought。A. master掌握；B. practice练习；C. start开始；D. enjoy喜欢。下文“Every game of chess is 75 to 100 moves, and every single move that your opponent（对手）makes presents a new problem for you to ___7___ ,”可知，他创建Train of Thought的目的是帮助这些孩子掌握这些游戏。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对手的每一个动作都会给你带来新的问题供你解决。A. choose选择；B. solve解决；C. avoid避免；D. arrange安排。由本句中“makes presents a new problem”可知会有新问题给你，新问题自然是让你去解决的，故填B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们意识不到他们正在处理问题。A. admit承认；B. believe相信；C. accept接受；D. realize意识到。由上文“Every game of chess is 75 to 100 moves, and every single move that your opponent（对手）makes presents a new problem for you to ___7___,” he said. “And kids are just having fun.”可知当对手丢出一个新问题来让孩子们解决的时候，孩子们可能仅仅觉得有趣，而不能意识到其实这已经是他们独自在解决问题了。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查介词词义辩词。句意：但是对于12岁的安德烈来说，国际象棋不仅仅是一场游戏。A. Or或者；B. As由于；C. So所以；D. But但是。根据下文“I use a lot of stuff that I leaned on the chess board in ___ life, like,”可知他使用了很多他在棋盘上学到的东西，而前文一直把象棋作为一个游戏来描述的，故推知空处是表示转折的词，表达的是“但是对于12岁的安德烈来说，国际象棋不仅仅是一场游戏”，故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是对于12岁的安德烈来说，国际象棋不仅仅是一场游戏。A. game游戏；B. hobby业余爱好；C. skill技巧；D. ability能力。由下文“I use a lot of stuff that I leaned on the chess board in ___ life, like,”可知他使用了很多他在棋盘上学到的东西，而前文一直把象棋作为一个游戏来描述的，其实不仅仅是游戏，还对他在生活中的帮助很大。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：我在现实生活中使用了很多我在棋盘上学的东西。A. adult成年的；B. modern现代的；C. real真实的；D. dream梦想。由文章第一段“So what does that have to do with reality?”可知本文讲的是象棋与现实的关系；由本句“I use a lot of stuff that I leaned on the chess board in ___ life”可推知作者是把他在棋盘上学到的东西运用到现实生活中来，才得到象棋不仅仅是一个游戏这样的结论。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在现实生活中使用了很多我在棋盘上学的东西，比如在行动之前思考一下。A. change改变；B. win赢得；C. speak说话；D. act行动。根据常识，下象棋落子之前都是要思考的，即在行动之前要思考。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：他只是洛杉矶一些最糟糕的社区学习下棋的数千名学生中的一员。A. farthest最远的；B. toughest最粗暴的；C. most familiar最相似的；D. most developed最发达的。由上文“ he came home to find his childhood friends 　　. “Some of them had fallen into prison. Gang life and drugs...”可知作者回到故乡去找儿时的玩伴，他们中有入狱的、参与帮派、吸毒的，可推知作者生长的这个社区很糟糕。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然该计划目前在洛杉矶的学校开展，但 Fletcher的梦想是将其扩展到全国——甚至将其带到世界各地的学校。A. consequently所以；B. obviously 明显地；C. currently目前；D. frequently频繁地。由上文“He’s just one of thousands of students from some of Los Angeles”可知这个计划目前在洛杉矶大规模开展了。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然该计划目前在洛杉矶的学校开展，但 Fletcher 的梦想是将其扩展到全国——甚至将其带到世界各地的学校。A. neighborhood邻里；B. world世界；C. country国家；D. city城市。由本句“Fletcher’s dream is to expand it nationwide-and even bring it to schools around the ___15_.”可知他的梦想是将其扩展到比全国更大的区域范围，那就是世界。故选B项。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
A
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The music of Butterfly Lovers tells a classic story about a young couple ___36___ (tear) apart by their families. When Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai first meet, the music is light and pleasant, as if whispering to the audience. Then the music gets heavier and that is when the lovers ___37___ (separate) because Zhu’s father forces her to marry another man. Liang falls sick and dies. Zhu weeps ___38___ (bitter) over the loss of her love and jumps into his grave. Finally, the music ends on ___39___ bittersweet note, telling us how the couple transform into butterflies and be together forever. The unique combination of Chinese and Western musical ___40___ (element) has made us realize that music is indeed a universal language.
【答案】36. torn
37. are separated
38. bitterly
39. a 40. elements
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了音乐《梁祝》讲述的故事以及作者感叹因中西音乐元素的独特结合，意识到音乐确实是一种通用语言。
【36题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：梁山伯与祝英台的音乐讲述了一对年轻夫妇被家庭拆散的经典故事。本句已有谓语，tear用非谓语；a young couple与tear之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填torn。
【37题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：然后音乐变得越来越重，那是恋人分开的时候，因为祝的父亲强迫她嫁给另一个男人。此处是When引导的表语从句，缺少谓语；全句用一般现在时；Lovers是复数形式，且与separate之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动态；故填are separated。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：祝为失去爱情而痛哭，跳进了他的坟墓。空处是副词，修饰前面的动词weep。故填bitterly。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：最后，音乐以苦乐参半的音符结束，告诉我们这对夫妇如何变成蝴蝶并永远在一起。note在译为“音符”的时候是可数名词，本处是单数形式，前面应加a。故填a。
【40题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：中西音乐元素的独特结合，让我们意识到音乐确实是一种通用语言。element是可数名词，这里表示中西音乐元素的结合，应是复数形式。故填elements。
B
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Liu Genghong, a singer and ___41___ (compose) from Taiwan has unexpectedly become an online hit for livestreaming fitness routines from his home. In his livestreams, Liu and his wife appear ___42___ (energy), friendly and super fit. They exercise and dance ___43___ up-beat songs while explaining and showing their moves. Jay Chou’s “Herbalist Manual” (本草纲目) often serves as his background music. I really want to slap my leg ___44___ I hear Herbalist Manual. Although Liu’s dance moves look simple, they are often too intense for his audience to follow. Many netizens switch their loyalty to Liu, with some even ___45___ (call) themselves “Liu Geng Hong girls.”
【答案】41. composer
42. energetic 43. to
44. whenever
45. calling
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述台湾歌手兼作曲家刘畊宏因健身直播而走红，很多网友甚至称自己是“刘畊宏女孩”。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：台湾歌手兼作曲家刘畊宏因在家直播健身活动而意外走红网络。空处和singer并列，应填表示人的名词，composer作曲家，故填composer。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在他的直播中，刘和他的妻子显得精力充沛、友好、超级健康。空处和形容词friendly及fit并列，应填形容词作表语，energetic精力充沛的。故填energetic。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：他们在讲解和展示自己动作的同时，还会随着节奏欢快的歌曲跳舞。dance to...随着……跳舞，固定搭配。故填to。
【44题详解】
考查时间状语从句。句意：无论什么时候听到《本草纲目》我就想拍拍腿。结合句意可知，此处指“无论什么时候”，用whenever引导时间状语从句。故填whenever。
【45题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：许多网友转而对刘畊宏表示忠诚，一些人甚至称自己为“刘畊宏女孩”。此处是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，动词call和宾语some之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填calling。
第三节 单词拼写（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）
根据所给中文或首字母，在空白处填入恰当所学单词，使句子表达意思完整准确。
注意：每空填一个单词。请将完整的单词填到答题纸上！
46. I remember the lazy Sunday afternoons I used to spend in the warmth of my grandma’s flat, listening to her wonderful stories and ________ (贪婪地)eating her delicious rice pudding. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】greedily
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：我还记得那些慵懒的星期天下午，我常常待在奶奶温暖的公寓里，听她讲美妙的故事，贪婪地吃着她美味的大米布丁。修饰空后动词eating应用副词，结合汉语提示，副词greedily符合题意。故填greedily。
47. Equally impressive is Li Bai’s free expression of strong feelings, which d________ him from other landscape poets. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】distinguishes ##istinguishes
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：同样令人印象深刻的是李白强烈情感的自由表达，这也让他有别于其他山水诗人。根据句意可知空处是表达“有别于……”的词，根据英文提示，应填distinguish；陈述客观事实用一般现在时；which引导非限制性定语从句，代指 Li Bai’s free expression of strong feelings，expression是名词单数形式，动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填distinguishes。
48. The first section presents a peaceful scene of rural life near Bianjing, featuring crop fields, a river ________ (蜿蜒)through the landscape, and farmers hard at work. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】winding
【解析】
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：第一部分展现了汴京城外平静的乡村生活场景，重点描绘了农田、蜿蜒而过的河流和辛勤劳作的农民。本句已有谓语，空处用非谓语，结合汉语提示，动词wind“符合题意”；a river 与wind是逻辑主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填winding。
49. Dressed up as Father Christmas and ________ (陪同) by six girls, he set off down the main street. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】accompanied
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：他打扮成圣诞老人的样子，在六个女孩的陪同下，沿着主干道出发了。本句已有谓语set off，空处应用非谓语，这里是and连接dressed和空处这两个并列的过去分词，与句子主语是被动关系，结合汉语提示，故填accompanied。
50. It is common sense that long e________ of the body to strong sunlight can be harmful. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】exposure##xposure
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：人们普遍认为，身体长时间暴露在强烈的阳光下是有害的。long是形容词，修饰空处的名词，根据英文提示，填入名词exposure来做句子主语。故填exposure。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文（满分15分）
51. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友David发来邮件向你请教如何学习唐诗。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 唐诗简介；
2. 学习建议；
3. 表达祝愿。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear David,
I’m glad to know that you’re interested in Tang poetry.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
【答案】Dear David,
I’m glad to know that you’re interested in Tang poetry. As you know, Tang poetry is a very important literary which enjoys great popularity in China. Let’s share my opinions with you on how to learn Tang peoms.
To start with, you had better know about some background knowledge about Tang poetry. Tang poetry refers to poetry written during China’s Tang Dynasty. During that time, poetry became an important part of social life at all levels of society. Du Fu, Li Bai and Bai Juyi were the best known poets at that time. Tang Dynasty poetry was simple and about common things like love, romance and nature that people appreciate.
As a Chinese saying goes, when one learns 300 poems of the Tang Dynasty by heart, one is sure to be able to write poems. Therefore, read as much as possible about poems and you can have a better understanding of Tang poems.
Finally, I sincerely hope that you can master Tang poetry as soon as possible.
Yours sincerely,
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。要求考生给英国朋友David写信，给他介绍唐诗并给出如何学习唐诗的相关建议，最后表达你的祝愿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
对……感兴趣：be interested in → be keen on
首先：To start with→ First of all
观点：opinions→ views
诚挚的：sincerely→genuinely
2.句式拓展
并列句变if条件句
原句：Therefore, read as much as possible about poems and you can have a better understanding of Tang poems.
拓展句：If you read it as much as possible, you will have a better understanding of Tang poems.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Tang poetry is a very important literary which enjoys great popularity in china.(运用了定语从句)
【高分句型2】I sincerely hope that you can master Tang poetry as soon as possible.(运用了宾语从句)
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Little Tom lived with his poor grandmother Donna in a village. Every day, Tom sold potatoes grown by Donna in a market.
One day, an old foreigner aroused Tom’s curiosity. He frequently visited Tom’s stall (摊位) but didn’t buy. The next day, the man passed from one vendor (小贩) to the next, waving a bag around. But he didn’t visit Tom’s stall that day. Out of curiosity, Tom asked a vendor nearby to temporarily look after his stall. Then, he followed the foreigner.
The man went back to his broken-down house near the market and took several old medals from his bag. “Wow!” Tom said. “I won them in my own country,” the man said proudly, then asking why Tom came here. Tom explained, “I’m wondering why you didn’t visit my stall today.” “Oh, I don’t need potatoes. I need firewood, so I walked around the market looking for someone who would buy these medals and give me money in exchange,” he lied.
Tom left and brought back many potatoes from his stall, saying, “If you don’t have money, you can’t buy food. Keep my grandma’s potatoes.” But the man insisted he had enough food. Tom went back, upset; he could see the man was hungry and weak.
The third day, the man reached the market, selling medals again. He valued them, which were his honors. But after a disaster, now he had to sell them to survive. He looked weaker. Tom packed some potatoes, walking towards him again. From his conversations with vendors, Tom found him trying to sell medals for food! But no one believed his medals were true.
Disappointed, the man sat alone by the roadside. Tom approached him, saying, “I saw it! Why didn’t you let me help you?” Almost crying, he said, “I’m sorry, but I was too embarrassed to ask for your help. Now could you give me your potatoes in exchange for the medals?”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“Sure,” Tom said while nodding his head.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“But Tom, the medals are valuable to the man. We should give them back,” added Donna.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
“Sure,” Tom said while nodding his head. Then he handed him a bag of potatoes. “These potatoes should last you at least a week.” Crying, the man thanked Tom and introduced himself as Conner. “Please take care of yourself. See you later,” Tom said and walked away happily. However, soon he was worried his grandmother would blame him for giving potatoes away. After reaching home, he told Donna what he had done nervously. To his surprise, Donna said, “I’m so proud of you.”
“But Tom, the medals are valuable to the man. We should give them back,” added Donna. Tom agreed right away. The next day, they visited Conner and returned the medals. So touched, Conner thanked them again and again. After that day, vendors in the market heard about Tom’s acts of kindness, and they also offered to help Conner out. Tom was happy that a small act of his own helped someone in need and inspired kindness in others.
【解析】
【导语】本文以土豆为线索，讲述了Tom跟着奶奶去集市上卖土豆，看到了一个奇怪外国人，Tom在知道那个外国人没有钱买吃的后，就提了一兜土豆送给他，但是被他拒绝了。第三天，外国人拿着他珍贵的勋章想要卖了，然后换取食物，但是没人相信他的勋章是真的。于是Tom就拿了一袋土豆和他交换了勋章。回到家，奶奶不仅没有责备他，反而和他一起将勋章还给了那个人。市场上的人都知道了这件事，大家一起向那个外国人伸出了援助之手。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“‘好的！’Tom边说边点头。”可知，本段可以写Tom与外国人以一袋土豆交换了勋章，回家后忐忑不安地将事情的经过告诉了奶奶。奶奶并没有责备他，并且夸奖了他。
②由第二段首句内容“奶奶补充道：‘但是，这些勋章对他来说很重要，我们应该还给他’。”可知，本段可以描写奶奶和Tom一起将勋章还给那个外国人。集市上的人都听说了这件事，纷纷向那个人伸出了援助之手。
2.续写线索：交换勋章→告诉奶奶→奶奶夸奖他，并说要归还勋章→还勋章→大家一起帮助他。
3.词汇激活：
行为类：
责备：blame/reproach/reprove
到达：reach/get to/arrive at
感谢：thank/express gratitude to
情绪类：
惊讶：surprise/amazement/astonishment
感动的：touched/moved
高兴的：happy/cheerful/delighted
【点睛】【高分句型1】
Crying, the man thanked Tom and introduced himself as Conner.（运用了现在分词做状语。）
【高分句型2】
After reaching home, he told Donna what he had done nervously.（运用了what引导宾语从句。）