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湖北省部分名校2022-2023学年高二英语下学期5月联考试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份湖北省部分名校2022-2023学年高二英语下学期5月联考试题（Word版附解析），共26页。试卷主要包含了考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，5分)，15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年湖北省部分名校高二5月联考
英语试题
(测试时间：120分钟 卷面总分：150分)
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和准考证号填写在答题卡上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。
2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上将对应题目答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题15分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the man doing?
A. He is on the way to the airport.
B. He is searching for a place to park.
C. He is looking for the departure gate.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Tom, have you found the departure gate?
M: Not yet, honey! I am just looking around in the parking lot of the airport and find a proper place to park my car. Two days later, I will drive back home after the flight.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How will the man get to the woman’s house?
A. On foot. B. By bus. C. By subway.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: This is Jason speaking. I’m on a bus to the bank next to your house. Are you at home?
W: Nope, I just got out of the subway and I will get home in five minutes. Why don’t you come by for a cup of tea within the walking distance?
M: OK, see you then.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is wrong with the woman’s laptop?
A. It is off the Internet. B. Its screen isn’t clear. C. Its mouse isn’t connected.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Could you borrow me your laptop since mine goes wrong with the Internet?
W: Oh, my laptop also broke down. The screen isn’t very clear so that I even can’t find my mouse’s arrow.
M: Really sorry to hear that!
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How long will it take the speakers to complete the project in total?
A. Three days. B. Five days. C. Six days.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: This Friday is the deadline of our project, so we have two days to go. We should speed up or the boss will find us and have a word.
M: It has already taken us three days to finish the demanding part. I think we can just make it before the due time. If not, could our boss give us one more day?
W: No way.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why is Mary calling the man?
A. To check a schedule. B. To cancel an appointment. C. To send out an invitation.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello, I am Mary, a manager of the local department store. I just want to tell you that we will have a sales promotion this weekend. You can come around and select your favorite products.
M: Thank you so much. Let me check my schedule. I have a dentist’s appointment but I can make it another time.
第二节(共15小题;每小题15分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What does the woman think the guy is doing there?
A. Selling flowers. B. Waiting for his wife. C. Riding a bike.
7. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A painting. B. A busy street. C. A poor guy.
【答案】6. A 7. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Wow, there are many people here.
W: Yeah, but this gallery is worth a visit. Look at this one. Isn’t it amazing?
M: Definitely. That guy in the painting is really handsome. Look, he is standing in the middle of the street and many shops are open with products laid out. There’s a bike near him and he’s holding a bunch of flowers. I guess he is waiting for his wife.
W: You are possibly right, but chances are that he is selling flowers according to his worn-out clothes.
M: Your eyes are really sharp.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Why does the man want to find Mr. Holland?
A. To ask for advice. B. To ask for help. C. To ask for leave.
9. Why did Mr. Holland leave the company?
A. To become a singer. B. To found his own studio. C. To find a better job.
10. What will the man do next?
A. Contact Mr. Holland. B. Try another studio. C. Listen to Lucy’s works.
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Good morning. I am interested in renting your studio. Last time I came here, Harvey Holland assisted me a lot and I hope he will do me a second favor.
W: Sorry, sir! He has quit this job to establish his own studio. However, we have found a new one named Lucy, really experienced and considerate.
M: Well, I prefer to work with Mr. Holland again. Could you give me his contact information?
W: Sorry, it is against our company’s policy. Personally, I think you can have a listen to Lucy’s works and then you can decide whether you will make her your assistant.
M: Fine, I will.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. How old was the man’s grandma when she began learning Spanish?
A. 78 years old. B. 80 years old. C. 82 years old.
12. What makes the man’s grandma study Spanish?
A. She is interested in Spanish.
B. She finds Spanish very useful.
C. She wants to be a Spanish teacher.
13. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Sister and brother. B. Schoolmates. C. Teammates.
【答案】11. A 12. B 13. B
【解析】
【原文】W: How old is your grandma now?
M: She’s already 80. Incredibly, she began to learn Spanish two years ago.
W: Wow! That’s amazing! Why does she decide to step into the world of Spanish?
M: Yeah, she just travels a lot, realizing that Spanish is so useful.
W: So how does she learn Spanish?
M: She always listens to Spanish songs and even looks up the unfamiliar words in the lyrics.
W: Wow, unbelievable at her age. Does she turn to you for help since you are a Spanish teacher?
M: Of course, she does that very often. She often talks with me in Spanish. We haven’t seen each other after graduation. You can come to my house and have a nice talk with her.
W: Yeah, I’d love to. See you around.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. What is the woman now?
A. A teacher. B. A doctor. C. A manager.
15. What did the woman major in at university?
A. Civil engineering. B. Computer programming. C. Social Management.
16. What does the woman like about her work?
A. The business travel. B. The long vacation time. C. The flexible working hours.
17. How long does the man work per day?
A. 8 hours. B. 12 hours. C. 14 hours.
【答案】14. C 15. B 16. A 17. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Anna, what do you do now? Are you a doctor or a teacher?
W: Neither, I’m now a manager in an American company. You know I used to be a teacher.
M: Ah, the new post can ensure you a decent salary, right?
W: Yes! But I have to work hard for what I get—twelve to fourteen hours a day.
M: I see. So what’s your major at university? Something related to your work?
W: Well, I have majored in computer programming at university. There aren’t many opportunities for women in social management. This work was about the only thing I could find.
M: Do you get much time off work?
W: Only two days off a month. But I sometimes get to travel abroad with my colleagues, and I enjoy that.
M: That’s good. No wonder you like your present job. I have to say, though, I prefer my eight-hour days and my job is related to my major in civil engineering.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. What was the speaker driving to do?
A. Go to his office. B. Pick up his son. C. Go to the post office.
19. What did the speaker buy at a shop?
A. Drinks. B. Swimsuits. C. Fruits and bread.
20. What made the speaker stop his car 500 metres from the school?
A. A traffic jam. B. A flat tire of a bus. C. An engine failure of a car.
【答案】18. B 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】M: I was driving along the road to fetch my son from school. We were going to swim together in the local swimming pool. I finished working at about 4 o’clock and then went to the post office to send a parcel to my nephew. Then I stopped at a shop for some fruits and bread. We liked to have some fruits and bread to eat after our swim. When I was about 500 meters from the school, the cars in front of me stopped moving. I knew something terrible must have happened. Many people were gathering and talking. I was a little upset. I pulled up and got out of the car. I walked about 200 meters and found that a truck had a flat tire and the engine was out of order as well, crashing into several cars. Policemen were investigating the scene there. Eventually, one ambulance was on the spot within minutes. Fortunately, no one got severely injured and two slightly injured drivers were rushed to hospital instantly.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
This is confirmation of your booking and is not your travel ticket.
Dear Miss Deng
Thank you for buying your train tickets with Abellio Greater Anglia
Your reservation reference is 2237393625.
All the information below is available in My Account. For more assistance or having any problems about your confirmation, please visit our Help Pages.
Journey Information
Getting your ticket by printing. We will email your ticket to 20221105@qq.com for you to print on A4 paper. This is scheduled to arrive within 2 hours. Alternatively, you can read the ticket from My Account after 2 hours.
You must bring your ticket to board the train and ID (Credit or Debit card, National Railcard, Passport or Driving Licence) with you on your journey if you need.
Journey Route: London Terminals to Cambridge
Travel on Friday 24 Nov. 2023
Departure
Arrival
Transportation
Reservation
Pick-up
8:00-London Liverpool Street
9:00-Cambridge Station
Train (Abellio Greater Anglia)
Reserved-random seat
9:30 at the front door of the train station
Note: The passenger is free to sit in any empty unreserved seat for the class of travel specified on the ticket.
Ticket Details
Passengers: 2 adults
Ticket Type: Advanced Single
Route: Only valid (有效的) on booked Abellio Greater Anglia services and required connecting Abellio Greater Anglia services.
21. What will Miss Deng do if she has some doubt about her confirmation?
A. Visit Help Pages. B. Go to the services office.
C. Make for the railway station. D. Call the phone number 2237393625.
22. Which of the following must Miss Deng carry before getting on the train?
A. Credit card. B. National Railcard.
C. The printed ticket. D. Confirmation letter
23. What can we know about Miss Deng from the text?
A. She’ll go to Cambridge to print some papers.
B. She’ll take a train to Cambridge for one hour.
C. She’ll go to London together with another adult.
D. She’ll be picked up after her arrival in 20 minutes.
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章展示了Deng女士预订的火车票的订票确认函的具体内容。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“All the information below is available in My Account. For more assistance or having any problems about your confirmation, please visit our Help Pages. (以下所有信息都可以在我的账户中找到。如需更多帮助或对您的确认有任何问题，请访问我们的帮助页面。)”可知，如果邓小姐对自己的确认有疑问，可以点击帮助页面。故选A项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Journey Information部分第一段的第一、二句“Getting your ticket by printing. We will email your ticket to 20221105@qq.com for you to print on A4 paper. (打印机票。我们会将您的机票通过电子邮件发送至20221105@qq.com，让您在A4纸上打印)”可知，邓女士应该事先把车票打印在一张A4纸上；再根据该部分的第二段“You must bring your ticket to board the train and ID (Credit or Debit card, National Railcard, Passport or Driving Licence) with you on your journey if you need. (如果需要，您必须携带车票和身份证件（信用卡或借记卡、国家铁路卡、护照或驾驶执照）登机。)”可知，上车前应该带好打印好的车票。故选C项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Journey Route: London Terminal to Cambridge中的表格的第一、二列可知，邓女士是八点在London Liverpool Street坐火车出发，九点到达Cambridge车站，历时一个小时。故选B项。
B
Two managers in the same organization were coming into conflict when having disagreements in their work. After thinking about a particularly troubling issue throughout the night, the first manager wrote a letter to the other one, outlining his thoughts as reasonably as possible. He gave it to the other person and asked him to read it later and suggested that after working through their anger, they discuss it again.
The following day the first manager stopped by the office of the other and asked how it would go. The second one admitted that he was very upset at first, but after thinking it over he realized that most of their disagreements were for a lack of understanding. He stated that he felt if they could discuss it without losing their tempers, they could work things out. That is exactly what they did later and got the issue settled with flying colors (成功地).
American president Abraham Lincoln was known for writing two letters when he needed to communicate with someone else who had made him angry. He first wrote a letter that severely conveyed just what he thought. Then he tore up that letter and wrote a second one that was appropriate and reasonable, and sent the letter out.
Effective communication is the key to any relationship. When we allow ourselves to become emotional and react immediately to what we feel without thinking, emotions overwhelm (压倒) the situation and prevent true communication. Step back, think evaluate what happened or what was said, and ask to clarify questions if it is needed. Then, you can respond appropriately.
Don’t let overwhelming emotion control your life. Instead, choose to think and process internally whatever comes your way before externally responding. That is when you can communicate with others effectively and you will be able to keep good relationships with them.
24. What did the first manager do in his letter?
A. He expressed his general ideas reasonably.
B. He explained why the issue was troubling.
C. He apologized to the second manager sincerely.
D. He invited the second manager to discuss the issue.
25. What is the story of Lincoln intended to express?
A. Any great man can get angry.
B. Making plan B is necessary in work.
C. Writing letters was very popular in the past.
D. We should deal with matters after calming down.
26. What will reacting immediately without thinking probably lead to?
A. A bad first impression. B. Ineffective communication.
C. The high chance of failure. D. The breakdown of a relationship.
27. What should people do for better communication?
A. Learn to answer questions indirectly. B. Avoid anger to keep good relationships.
C. Never be overwhelmed by your emotions. D. Think reasonably before making a decision.
【答案】24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过生活事例表明：通过控制自己的情绪才能进行有效的沟通，更好地解决生活中的冲突。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“After thinking about a particularly troubling issue throughout the night, the first manager wrote a letter to the other one, outlining his thoughts as reasonably as possible. (在考虑了一个特别棘手的问题一整晚之后，第一个经理给另一个经理写了一封信，尽可能合理地概述了他的想法。)”可知，第一位经理给另一位写了一封信，尽可能合理地说明了他的想法。故选A项。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“American president Abraham Lincoln was known for writing two letters when he needed to communicate with someone else who had made him angry. He first wrote a letter that severely conveyed just what he thought. Then he tore up that letter and wrote a second one that was appropriate and reasonable, and sent the letter out. (众所周知，当美国总统亚伯拉罕·林肯需要和让他生气的人沟通时，他会写两封信。他首先写了一封信，严肃地表达了他的想法。然后他把那封信撕了，又写了一封合适而合理的信，然后把信寄出去了。)”可知，林肯写了一封信，严肃地表达自己的想法，然后把信件给撕掉，又写一封更加合理的信，最后寄出去，所以这个故事告诉我们应该冷静之后再处理问题。故选D项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“When we allow ourselves to become emotional and react immediately to what we feel without thinking, emotions overwhelm (压倒) the situation and prevent true communication. (当我们让自己变得情绪化，不假思索地对自己的感受做出反应时，情绪就会压倒局面，阻碍真正的沟通。)”可知，对一件事不假思索地立即作出反应，这可能会阻止真正的交流，即导致无效沟通。故选B项。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段第一句“Don’t let overwhelming emotion control your life. (不要让压倒性的情绪控制你的生活。)”可知, 作者所给的建议是，有效的沟通是要控制自己的情绪，不被情绪奴役。故选C项。
C
Everyone knows they feel amazingly good and refreshed after a good night’s sleep but now scientists have discovered it can help you to live longer too. According to a study in the US, healthy sleeping habits mean men can live almost five years longer, and women for two years. It also found that sleep improves our health and reduces the risk of heart disease.
However, the study by the American College of Cardiology(心脏病学)shows it’s not just about how long you sleep; the quality of your sleep is important, too. Dr Frank Qian, who led the study, said sleep must be restful. The researchers said that sleep of high quality for adults depended on five fundamental elements: getting seven to eight hours of sleep each night; having trouble falling asleep no more than twice a week; having trouble staying asleep no more than twice a week; not using medicine to get to sleep; and waking up feeling rested at least five days a week.
Each factor was given one point, with a maximum of five points for the highest quality of sleep. The researchers looked at the results of a survey of 172,321 people in the US that measured their health habits, including sleep, over five years. They found that people who had all five points were likely to live longer and lead healthier lives than those who had sleep difficulties.
According to the Sleep Charity, a good night’s sleep can improve people’s memory and immune(免疫)system. Dr Qian admits that no one’s sleep is perfect—everyone has a late or restless night sometimes. However, he said, “Even from a young age, if people can develop these good habits of getting enough sleep, making sure they are sleeping without too many distractions, which originate from daily troubles or noisy surroundings. And gradually it can greatly benefit their overall long-term health.”
The study was based on people reporting their own sleep habits rather than recording them scientifically, so this may have affected the results and more research is needed.
28. What can be inferred from Paragraph 1?
A People with bad sleep may always feel unsettled.
B. Good sleep can benefit mental and physical health.
C. People with good sleeping habits can recite knowledge better.
D. Healthy sleeping habits can prevent people from many diseases.
29. Which of the following may Dr Frank Qian agree with?
A. Sleep’s quality is more vital than its length.
B. Sleep’s quality lies in five important factors.
C. People who meet five factors are bound to live much longer.
D. People with sleep difficulties are likely to have a bad memory.
30. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “distractions” in Paragraph 4?
A. Pills. B. Assignments. C. Bothers. D. Routines.
31. What will be needed for the study to offer more convincing findings?
A. The analyses of more samples. B. The survey of more sleep issues.
C. The study of more influential elements. D. The more scientific methods of research.
【答案】28. B 29. B 30. C 31. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究来说明良好睡眠习惯的好处。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Everyone knows they feel amazingly good and refreshed after a good night’s sleep but now scientists have discovered it can help you to live longer too. According to a study in the US, healthy sleeping habits mean men can live almost five years longer, and women for two years. It also found that sleep improves our health and reduces the risk of heart disease.(每个人都知道，睡个好觉后，他们会感觉非常好，神清气爽，但现在科学家们发现，睡个好觉还能帮助你长寿。根据美国的一项研究，健康的睡眠习惯意味着男性可以多活近5年，女性可以多活两年。研究还发现，睡眠可以改善我们的健康，降低患心脏病的风险)”可知，好的睡眠习惯对人的心理和生理均有好处。故选B项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The researchers said that sleep of high quality for adults depended on five fundamental elements: getting seven to eight hours of sleep each night; having trouble falling asleep no more than twice a week; having trouble staying asleep no more than twice a week; not using medicine to get to sleep; and waking up feeling rested at least five days a week.(研究人员表示，成年人的高质量睡眠取决于五个基本要素:每晚睡眠七到八个小时;每周睡眠困难不超过两次;睡眠困难的:一周睡眠困难不超过两次的;不用药物入睡;每周至少有五天醒来时感觉精力充沛)”可知，睡眠质量取决于五个关键因素。故选B项。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据后文“which originate from daily troubles or noisy surroundings.(这些干扰来自日常的麻烦或嘈杂的环境)”可推知，画线词意思是“让人分心的事情”，和C项意思相近。故选C项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The study was based on people reporting their own sleep habits rather than recording them scientifically, so this may have affected the results and more research is needed.(这项研究是基于人们报告自己的睡眠习惯，而不是科学地记录他们的睡眠习惯，所以这可能会影响结果，需要更多的研究)”可知，接下来应该采用更加科学的方式进行研究。故选D项。
D
NASA(美国航空航天局)has plenty of experience operating wheeled rovers(探测车)on Mars, but it’s never tried to fly a helicopter on the red planet before. The helicopter, Ingenuity, will get a chance to make history in April by flying the Martian skies, but first it needs to be delivered safely to the ground.
Ingenuity is held under the belly(腹部)of the Perseverance rover. The process of delivering it takes nearly a week. The camera on the end of the rover’s robotic arm is keeping track of the developments and giving images of the progress to controllers on Earth.
The multi-step process of delivering Ingenuity involves releasing a locking mechanism, turning the machine around into position and stretching the legs, none of which happens quickly. It takes over six Earth days to complete and Ingenuity remains connected to Perseverance for power during that time.
On March 29, a latest view showed two of the landing legs sticking out and Ingenuity was put to an upright position. On Tuesday, NASA shared a look at Ingenuity with all four legs reaching out. “We’re in the final stage. The Mars helicopter has lowered all four legs and is about to touch down on the Martian surface,” NASA announced. “As long as it’s fully ready, NASA Perseverance will release it gently to the surface.” Once Ingenuity is on the ground, it will be no longer connected to Perseverance.
Afterwards, the rover will carefully move away to allow the helicopter spread its solar panels to charge its battery and keep it warm through the cold Martian night. The first day on its own will be a critical time for the mission.
Ingenuity could attempt its first test flight, a short hover(盘旋), as early as April 8. We’re expecting more images from Perseverance as it tracks the tiny helicopter’s progress. If going smoothly, the solar powered Ingenuity is a high-risk, high-reward technology demonstration, an experiment that could mark the first powered, controlled flight on another planet.
32. What can we know about Ingenuity?
A. It has a camera on its robotic arm to take pictures.
B. It takes nearly a week for Ingenuity to fly to Mars.
C. It’s one of NASA’s many operational rovers on Mars.
D. Its movements are being monitored remotely from Earth.
33. What is the latest progress of releasing Ingenuity?
A. It has crashed on Mars in a controlled way
B. It’s just a moment away from touching down.
C. It is disconnected from the Perseverance rover.
D. Its four landing legs have touched the Martian surface.
34. How does Ingenuity get power on the cold Mars?
A. By being linked with Perseverance.
B. By switching a newly-charged battery.
C. By touching down on the Martian surface.
D By unfolding its solar panels to get charged.
35. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Mars: Another Planet Where Human Can Live
B. Mars Helicopter Ingenuity Is About to Make History
C. NASA’s Latest Model of Mars Rover: Perseverance
D. Latest Mars Images Shows Evidence of Martian Life
【答案】32. D 33. B 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了火星直升机机智号到达火星的始末。
【详解】1. 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“The camera on the end of the rover’s robotic arm is keeping track of the developments and giving images of the progress to controllers on Earth.(位于月球车机械臂末端的摄像头正在跟踪事态的发展，并向地球上的控制器提供有关进展的图像。)”可知，所有的过程和监控都由地球进行远程监控。故选D。
2. 细节理解题。根据第四段第三句“‘We’re in the final stage. The Mars helicopter has lowered all four legs and is about to touch down on the Martian surface,’ NASA announced.(我们已经到了最后阶段了。火星直升机已经放下了四条腿，即将着陆火星表面，”美国宇航局宣布。)”可知，机智号即将达到火星表面，这是最近的一个阶段。故选B。
3. 细节理解题。根据第五段第一句中的“Afterwards, the rover will carefully move away to allow the helicopter spread its solar panels to charge its battery and keep it warm through the cold Martian night.(之后，火星车将小心地移开，让直升机展开太阳能电池板，为电池充电，并在火星寒冷的夜晚保持温暖。)”可知，机智号是通过展开太阳面板来进行充电，获得动力的。故选D。
4. 主旨大意题。通读文章，尤其是第一段第二句“The helicopter, Ingenuity, will get a chance to make history in April by flying the Martian skies, but first it needs to be delivered safely to the ground.(今年4月，这架名为“匠心”（Ingenuity）的直升机将有机会在火星上空飞行，创造历史，但首先它需要安全着陆。)”可知，本文主要介绍了机智号即将达到火星，创造了历史。因此推断B项“火星直升机Ingenuity即将创造历史”为最佳标题。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Psychological First Aid
Psychological first aid can be an excellent tool to relieve mental health struggles. In this article, we’ll explore the definition, significance, and usage of it.
·What is psychological first aid?
In terms of its definition, experts from the University of Glasgow describe psychological first aid (PFA) as something that can be used to support people who have experienced disasters or other crises. ____36____
____37____ It also should consider their basic needs, including sleep, food and the like.
·Why is mental health first aid important
Mental health first aid can be a crucial tool to ensure that people are able to cope with difficult experiences and build resilience (承受力). ____38____ PFA can help people to grow and develop despite having faced obstacles to strengthen resilience.
PFA enhances resilience by offering constant support, which will surely increase perceived (感知) capacity to deal with a difficult situation, and improve willingness to accept support and assistance from others.
·____39____
While PFA can be used to offer support to anyone who has painful experiences, there are certain circumstances that can arise where it can be particularly useful.
In some of these situations, people having experienced a lot of disasters, will need professional help from consultants because they suffer from serious mental problems. ____40____ This might be losing personal belongings, having to move to a new country, leaving family members, or witnessing violence.
A. What can psychological first aid be used for?
B. How can you practise mental health first aid for others?
C. It is a kind of ability to recover after experiencing difficulties.
D. There are many people with mental health problems in the world.
E. It provides a framework, employed to offer support in a respected way.
F. For those without severe mental issues, it can help them to handle struggling things.
G. Apart from it, the experts further say that PFA is considerate and supportive assistance for depressed people.
【答案】36. E 37. G 38. C 39. A 40. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了心理急救的定义、意义及用途。
【36题详解】
根据小标题“What is psychological first aid? (什么是心理急救？)”，以及上文“In terms of its definition, experts from the University of Glasgow describe psychological first aid (PFA) as something that can be used to support people who have experienced disasters or other crises. (就其定义而言，格拉斯哥大学的专家将心理急救，即PFA，描述为可以用来支持经历灾难或其他危机的人的东西。)”可知，本段介绍心理急救的定义，E项“It provides a framework, employed to offer support in a respected way. (它提供了一个框架，用来以一种受人尊敬的方式提供支持。)”其中的It指代上文的PFA，与上文之间为顺接关系，进一步介绍PFA，上下文语义一致，衔接连贯。故选E项。
【37题详解】
根据小标题“What is psychological first aid? (什么是心理急救？)”，以及上文“In terms of its definition, experts from the University of Glasgow describe psychological first aid (PFA) as something that can be used to support people who have experienced disasters or other crises. 1 ______ (就其定义而言，格拉斯哥大学的专家将心理急救，即PFA，描述为可以用来支持经历灾难或其他危机的人的东西。它提供了一个框架，用来以一种受人尊敬的方式提供支持。)”可知，上一段介绍心理急救的定义，尤其是第一空，陈述了PFA的作用，G项“Apart from it, the experts further say that PFA is considerate and supportive assistance for depressed people. (除此之外，专家们进一步表示，PFA对抑郁症患者来说是一种体贴和支持性的帮助。)”，the experts further say与上文experts from the University of Glasgow describe呼应，句中的it指代上文的内容，下文“It also should consider their basic needs, including sleep, food and the like. (它还应该考虑到他们的基本需求，包括睡眠、食物等。)”，其中的their指代的是G项中的depressed people。上下文衔接连贯，故选G项。
【38题详解】
上文“Mental health first aid can be a crucial tool to ensure that people are able to cope with difficult experiences and build resilience (承受力). (心理健康急救可以是确保人们能够应对困难经历和建立复原力的关键工具)”中提到了resilience，C项“It is a kind of ability to recover after experiencing difficulties. (它是一种经历困难后恢复的能力。)”中的It指代上文的resilience，此处进一步解释resilience，说它是经历困难后能重整旗鼓的一种能力。上下文语义一致，故选C项。
【39题详解】
此处考查小标题。根据下文“While PFA can be used to offer support to anyone who has painful experiences, there are certain circumstances that can arise where it can be particularly useful. (虽然PFA可以用来为任何有痛苦经历的人提供支持，但在某些情况下，它可能会特别有用。)”可知，此处与PFA的特别用处有关，以及文章第一段第二句“In this article, well explore the definition, significance, and usage of it. (在本文中，我们将探讨它的定义、意义和用法。)”可知，文章的第三部分在讲心理急救的用途。A项“What can psychological first aid be used for? (心理急救可以用来做什么？)”，上下文呼应，语义一致。故选A项。
【40题详解】
根据上文“In some of these situations, people having experienced a lot of disasters, will need professional help from consultants because they suffer from serious mental problems.(在某些情况下，经历过很多灾难的人需要咨询师的专业帮助，因为他们患有严重的精神问题。)”可知，上文讲的是有严重心理问题的人，F项“For those without severe mental issues, it can help them to handle struggling things. (对于那些没有严重精神问题的人来说，它可以帮助他们处理挣扎的事情。)”，该空在讲没有严重心理问题的人，与前文是并列关系，陈述了心理急救对两类人都有帮助。故选F项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was raining heavily when the street lights went off and I was returning home. Suddenly I saw a white light coming slowly towards me, as if it were ____41____, and then it disappeared. I thought it to be a trick and ____42____ on my way back home.
Just two blocks away, to my ____43____, I again saw those lights in the distance. They were rising up at a ____44____ speed. It seemed as if they were very desperate to get to the hill. Then suddenly a ____45____ appeared in the cloudy night sky and everything was dark again. I went home, not ____46____ myself much about it, and went to bed as usual. But the next day, I saw there was a huge crowd ____47____ on the street. When I asked a person in the crowd, he said that something ____48____ the trees on the hill. Then it ____49____ me what I saw yesterday night. When I looked up to have a glance of what had happened, I _____50_____ that the trees were burnt all the way through which the lights moved last night.
The research team arrived soon and started to take samples and _____51_____ if people had seen something unusual last night. I gave them a (n) _____52_____ of all that I had seen. After recording everything, they said that they would soon _____53_____ what caused this incident, but their efforts were in _____54_____.
Eventually, ten years passing by, the forest has restored itself. _____55_____, no one till today has been able to detect the cause.
41. A. pleased B. annoyed C. resolved D. frightened
42. A. wandered B. proceeded C. hesitated D. insisted
43. A. joy B. relief C. embarrassment D. astonishment
44. A. slow B. accurate C. regular D. tremendous
45. A. branch B. flash C. signal D. helicopter
46. A. bothering B. justifying C. convincing D. stimulating
47. A. complaining B. gathering C. quarreling D. responding
48. A. burnt B. observed C. collapsed D. cut
49. A. disturbed B. inspired C. struck D. discouraged
50. A. ignored B. spotted C. examined D. guaranteed
51. A. suspect B. recall C. investigate D. determine
52. A. account B. comment C. assessment D. presentation
53 A. look up B. make up C. figure out D. leave alone
54. A. shape B. time C. effect D. vain
55. A. Fortunately B. Nevertheless C. Eventually D. Suddenly
【答案】41. D 42. B 43. D 44. D 45. B 46. A 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. B 51. C 52. A 53. C 54. D 55. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者晚上看到白光，第二天才发现是树烧着了，但是事故的原因仍悬而未决。
【41题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：突然，我看到一道白光慢慢向我走来，好像受到了惊吓，然后就消失了。A. pleased高兴的；B. annoyed生气的；C. resolved下定决心的；D. frightened害怕的。根据“and then it disappeared”推知，作者认为这道白光好像害怕自己似的，消失了。故选D。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我以为有人捉弄我，就在回家的路上继续前行。A. wandered漫游；B. proceeded继续做；C. hesitated犹豫；D. insisted坚持，坚持认为。根据上文“It was raining heavily when the street lights went off and I was returning home.”和“and then it disappeared.”可知，作者认为有人恶作剧，因此继续往会走。故选B。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在两个街区之外，令我惊讶的是，我又看到了远处的那些灯光。A. joy快乐；B. relief宽慰，轻松；C. embarrassment尴尬；D. astonishment震惊。根据“I again saw those lights in the distance.”可知，作者没走多远又看见了白光，因此感到非常震惊。故选D。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们正以惊人的速度起来。A. slow慢的；B. accurate准确的；C. regular有规律的；D. tremendous巨大的，极好的。根据下文“It seemed as if they were very desperate to get to the hill.”推知，白光的速度非常快。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，多云的夜空中出现了一道闪光，一切又变黑了。A. branch树枝，分部；B. flash闪光；C. signal信号；D. helicopter直升机。根据“everything was dark again”推知，夜空中出现了一道闪光，然后一切又陷入黑暗。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我回家了，没太在意这件事，像往常一样上床睡觉了。A. bothering打扰，烦恼；B. justifying证明，为……辩解；C. Convincing使相信；D. stimulating刺激。根据“and went to bed as usual.”可知，作者没有太在意自己回家路上遇到的奇怪事情。故选A。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但第二天，我看到街上聚集了一大群人。A. complaining抱怨；B. gathering收集，聚集；C. quarreling争吵；D. responding回应。根据“there was a huge crowd”推知，一大群人聚集在街道上。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我问人群中的一个人时，他说有什么东西烧焦了山上的树。A. burnt烧，晒；B. observed观察，遵守；C. collapsed崩塌；D. cut切。根据下文“that the trees were burnt all the way through which the lights moved last night.”可知，树被烧了。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我突然想起昨晚看到的。A. disturbed打乱；B. inspired启发，鼓励；C. struck袭击；D. discouraged使……灰心。根据前文描述树被烧可知，作者突然想起昨晚的遭遇，即想到了树被烧的原因。it struck sb…意为“某人突然想起……”。故选C。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我抬头看一眼发生了什么时，我发现昨晚光穿过的所有树木都被烧毁了。A. ignored忽略；B. spotted看见；C. examined检查；D. guaranteed保证。根据“I looked up to have a glance of”和“that the trees were burnt all the way through which the lights moved last night.”可知，作者抬头看见了被昨晚的光烧毁的树。故选B。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究小组很快就赶到了，并开始采集样本，调查人们昨晚是否看到了异常情况。A. suspect怀疑；B. recall回忆；C. investigate调查；D. determine决定。根据“The research team arrived”可知，调查组来调查事故的原因。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把我所看到的一切都告诉了他们。A. account描述，账户；B. comment评论；C. assessment评估；D. presentation演示，发布会。根据下文“After recording everything”可知，作者给调查人员描述了自己昨晚看到的。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在记录了一切之后，他们说他们很快就会弄清楚是什么导致了这一事件，但他们的努力是徒劳。A. look up向上看；B. make up组成，编造；C. figure out弄清楚；D. leave alone不管。根据后文“what caused this incident”可知，调查队会说查清楚事故发生的原因。故选C。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. shape形状；B. time时间；C. effect影响，效果；D. vain徒劳。根据下文“no one till today has been able to detect the cause.”可知，调查队的努力是徒劳。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，直到今天还没有人能够发现原因。A. Fortunately幸运的是；B. Nevertheless然而；C. Eventually最后；D. Suddenly突然。根据上文“Eventually, ten years passing by, the forest has restored itself.”可知，十年过去了，被烧的树木已经恢复了，然而关于事故的原因还没有人能调查出来。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As the world’s longest man-made canal, the Grand Canal is a vast waterway system in the north-eastern and central-eastern plains of China, ____56____ runs from Beijing in the north to Zhejiang Province in the south.
The Grand Canal (大运河) is one of the greatest hydraulic (与水利系统有关的) projects in human history, ____57____ (stretch) 1,794 kilometers. Constructed in sections from the 5th century AD onwards, it was built as a unified means of communication for the empire for the first time in the Sui Dynasty. By the 13th century it consisted of more than 2,000 km of artificial waterways, linking five of China’s main river ____58____ (basin). The canal was ____59____ important factor for the economy, social ____60____ (stable) and government functions in ancient China. It also helped the evolution of Chinese culture by enhancing communication ____61____ the south and the north.
It is widely acknowledged ____62____ the Grand Canal is precious heritage passed down to us by our ancestors and is flowable culture that should ____63____ (preserve). China will continue to carry out ____64____ (integrate) regional development strategies for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the Yangtze River Delta region, and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and draw up a new national policy for environmental protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River basin. The purpose is _____65_____ (seek) greater cooperation of opening-up among different parts of the country.
【答案】56. which
57. stretching
58. basins 59. an
60. stability
61. between
62. that 63. be preserved
64. integrated
65. to seek
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国古代的大运河及其意义和价值。
【56题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：作为世界上最长的人工运河，大运河是中国东北部和中东部平原上的一个庞大的水道系统，北起北京，南至浙江省。分析句子可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“the Grand Canal”，指物，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词“which”引导从句。故填which。
【57题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：大运河是人类历史上最伟大的水利工程之一，全长1794公里。分析句子可知，句中有系动词“is”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“The Grand Canal”和“stretch”为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用“stretch”的现在分词“stretching”。故填stretching。
【58题详解】
考查名词。句意：到13世纪，它由2000多公里的人工水道组成，连接了中国的五个主要河流流域。分析句子可知，空格处应用名词，作宾语，“basin”意为“流域”，为可数名词，根据句中“five”可知，应用“basin”的复数形式“basins”。故填basins。
【59题详解】
考查冠词。句意：运河是中国古代经济、社会稳定和政府职能的一个重要因素。分析句子可知，句中泛指一个重要因素，故空格处应用不定冠词，“important”音标的第一音素为元音音素，故应用不定冠词“an”。故填an。
【60题详解】
考查名词。句意：运河是中国古代经济、社会稳定和政府职能的一个重要因素。分析句子可知，“social”为形容词，空格处应用名词，作宾语，“stable”作名词时意为“马厩”，不符合语境，应用“stability”，意为“稳定性”，为不可数名词。故填stability。
61题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：它还通过加强南北之间的交流促进了中国文化的发展。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“between…and…”，意为“在……和……之间”，故空格处应用“between”。故填between。
【62题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：人们普遍认为，大运河是祖先留给我们的宝贵遗产，是流动的文化，应该加以保护。分析句子可知，句子为主语从句，“It is widely acknowledged that…”意为“人们普遍认为……”，“It”作形式主语，空格处应用“that”引导从句，作真正的主语。故填that。
【63题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：人们普遍认为，大运河是祖先留给我们的宝贵遗产，是流动的文化，应该加以保护。分析句子可知，句子为限制性定语从句，“that”代指“culture”，与“preserve”为被动关系，“should”为情态动词，故句子应用情态动词的被动语态，“preserve”的过去分词为“preserved”，空格处应填“be preserved”。故填be preserved。
【64题详解】
考查形容词。句意：中国将继续实施京津冀地区、长江经济带、长三角地区和粤港澳大湾地区一体化区域综合的发展战略，制定黄河流域环境保护和高质量发展新的国家政策。分析句子可知，“strategies”为名词，故空格处应用形容词，作定语，“integrate”为动词，根据句意可知，应用“integrated”，意为“综合的”，形容词词性。故填integrated。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：其目的是寻求全国不同地区之间更大程度的开放合作。分析句子可知，句中应用不定式“to seek”作表语，对抽象名词“purpose”进行解释说明。故填to seek。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华，你所在的城市美术馆近期在举办一系列中国水墨画(Chinese ink painting)线上展览。上周你参观了第一场活动，请写一封邮件邀请你的笔友Jack参观后续展览。内容包括：
1.你参观的内容和感想；
2.邀请笔友观展。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jack,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jack,
Knowing that you are interested in Chinese ink painting, I’m delighted to invite you to an online exhibition of Chinese ink paintings.
Last week, I attended the first round of the appealing exhibition, Impressed by the vivid paintings, not only did I learn more about how to appreciate them, but also I get some insights into the historical and cultural significance behind each painting.
From my perspective, the exhibition is really worth a visit. Therefore, I would like to invite you to join me in exploring the next round this Sunday.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你所在的城市美术馆近期在举办一系列中国水墨画(Chinese ink painting)线上展览。上周你参观了第一场活动，请写一封邮件邀请你的笔友Jack参观后续展览。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→pleased
参加：attend→participate in
重要性：significance→importance
因此：therefore→hence
2.简单句变复合句
原句：Last week, I attended the first round of the appealing exhibition.
拓展句：Last week, I attended the first round of the appealing exhibition which exhibited lots of masterpieces.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Knowing that you are interested in Chinese ink painting, I’m delighted to invite you to an online exhibition of Chinese ink paintings.(运用了现在分词作状语，that引导宾语从句)
【高分句型2】 Impressed by the vivid paintings, not only did I learn more about how to appreciate them, but also I get some insights into the historical and cultural significance behind each painting.(运用了过去分词作状语，倒装句)
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On a Thursday afternoon in March, an e-mail requirement came in to Ekiben restaurant in Baltimore—tempura broccoli (天妇罗西兰花) together with fresh herbs and sliced onion. The man who sent the e-mail didn’t actually want the food itself. He was writing on behalf of his mother-in-law, Rita, who liked the dish so much He went on to explain that she was now in the final stages of lung cancer at her home in Vermont and that he was hoping to get the recipe to make it for her there.
Steve Chu, one of the restaurant’s co-owners, read the e-mail and quickly replied with an alternative suggestion. “Your behavior is definitely considerate and touching,” he wrote “We’d like to meet you in Vermont and make it fresh for Rita.”
Brandon Jones, the son-in-law, was astonished. “I e-mailed back, saying, ‘You do know that this is Vermont we’re talking about, right?’” says Brandon. “But Steve responded, ‘No problem. You tell us the date, time, and location and we’ll be there.’”
For the past six years, every time Rita visited Baltimore, the first place she desired to go was Ekiben restaurant so she could enjoy broccoli, and I really wanted her to have it one more time,” Brandon says.
“She had always told us, ‘When I’m on my death bed, I long to have that broccoli’”, recalls Brandon.
That Friday after work, a day after receiving Brandon’s e-mail, Chu loaded his truck with a hot plate and a cooler filled with ingredients and then headed for Vermont.
As soon as Chu and his team pulled into the parking lot, they got to work. They pulled down the gate of the pickup, hooked (钩住) the hot plate to the truck’s power port, and started cooking and deep-frying. After neatly packing everything up, they knocked on their customer’s door and waited for the answer.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
As soon as Rita opened the door, she recognized the good smell.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Several days later, Chu received an email with several photos from Brandon.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
As soon as Rita opened the door, she recognized the good smell. Rita, rooted to the ground, couldn’t believe her eyes. Without doubt, the broccoli she had longed for was served in front of her. Instantly, Rita and Brandon invited them into their house and helped them place the food on the table. Rita, staring at the favorable cuisine, couldn’t resist sobbing alone. Words failed her to convey her gratitude and excitement as well. Brandon patted her tenderly on the shoulder and said, “Thanks so much for making my mother-in-law’s wish come true, and we will always cherish the moment.”
Several days later, Chu received an e-mail with several photos from Brandon. It said, “Every day Rita wakes up, she always wears a smile and fights against the cancer bravely.” Having read the e-mail, Steve Chu was delighted that his act of kindness would bring blessings in Rita’s rest of life. From the picture, he discovered that Rita wore a broad smile like a ray of light. All of a sudden, it dawned on him that his small act of kindness could bright light to anyone in despair.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了布兰登为他的已处于肺癌晚期的岳母丽塔向巴尔的摩市的Ekiben饭店提出请求，希望餐厅能到远在佛蒙特州的岳母家里为她做一道西兰花，餐厅的合伙人之一朱棣文带上设备、食材，如期赴约，在停车场准备就绪后，敲开了丽塔的门，激动的丽塔尝到了渴望已久的这道菜，几天后布兰登发邮件给朱分享这个善举对丽塔的影响。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“丽塔一打开门，就闻到了那股香味。”可知，第一段可描写丽塔看到外面的场景时的难以置信，以及餐桌上丽塔和布兰登对朱棣文的感激。
②由第二段首句内容“几天后，朱收到了一封电子邮件，里面有布兰登发来的几张照片。”可知，第二段可描写布兰登发邮件给朱分享这个善举对丽塔的影响，以及朱自己的感悟。
2.续写线索：丽塔的发现——品尝美食——感谢善举——发邮件分享——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①珍视：cherish / treasure
②凝视：stare at / peer at
③发现：discover /detect
情绪类
①表达感激之情：convey one’s gratitude / extend one’s appreciation
②高兴的：delighted / cheerful
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Rita, staring at the favorable cuisine, couldn’t resist sobbing alone.（运用现在分词作状语，动名词作宾语）
[高分句型2]. From the picture, he discovered that Rita wore a broad smile like a ray of light.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
2023年湖北省部分名校高二5月联考
英语试题
(测试时间：120分钟 卷面总分：150分)
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和准考证号填写在答题卡上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。
2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上将对应题目答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题15分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the man doing?
A. He is on the way to the airport.
B. He is searching for a place to park.
C. He is looking for the departure gate.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Tom, have you found the departure gate?
M: Not yet, honey! I am just looking around in the parking lot of the airport and find a proper place to park my car. Two days later, I will drive back home after the flight.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How will the man get to the woman’s house?
A. On foot. B. By bus. C. By subway.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: This is Jason speaking. I’m on a bus to the bank next to your house. Are you at home?
W: Nope, I just got out of the subway and I will get home in five minutes. Why don’t you come by for a cup of tea within the walking distance?
M: OK, see you then.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is wrong with the woman’s laptop?
A. It is off the Internet. B. Its screen isn’t clear. C. Its mouse isn’t connected.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Could you borrow me your laptop since mine goes wrong with the Internet?
W: Oh, my laptop also broke down. The screen isn’t very clear so that I even can’t find my mouse’s arrow.
M: Really sorry to hear that!
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How long will it take the speakers to complete the project in total?
A. Three days. B. Five days. C. Six days.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: This Friday is the deadline of our project, so we have two days to go. We should speed up or the boss will find us and have a word.
M: It has already taken us three days to finish the demanding part. I think we can just make it before the due time. If not, could our boss give us one more day?
W: No way.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why is Mary calling the man?
A. To check a schedule. B. To cancel an appointment. C. To send out an invitation.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello, I am Mary, a manager of the local department store. I just want to tell you that we will have a sales promotion this weekend. You can come around and select your favorite products.
M: Thank you so much. Let me check my schedule. I have a dentist’s appointment but I can make it another time.
第二节(共15小题;每小题15分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What does the woman think the guy is doing there?
A. Selling flowers. B. Waiting for his wife. C. Riding a bike.
7. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A painting. B. A busy street. C. A poor guy.
【答案】6. A 7. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Wow, there are many people here.
W: Yeah, but this gallery is worth a visit. Look at this one. Isn’t it amazing?
M: Definitely. That guy in the painting is really handsome. Look, he is standing in the middle of the street and many shops are open with products laid out. There’s a bike near him and he’s holding a bunch of flowers. I guess he is waiting for his wife.
W: You are possibly right, but chances are that he is selling flowers according to his worn-out clothes.
M: Your eyes are really sharp.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Why does the man want to find Mr. Holland?
A. To ask for advice. B. To ask for help. C. To ask for leave.
9. Why did Mr. Holland leave the company?
A. To become a singer. B. To found his own studio. C. To find a better job.
10. What will the man do next?
A. Contact Mr. Holland. B. Try another studio. C. Listen to Lucy’s works.
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Good morning. I am interested in renting your studio. Last time I came here, Harvey Holland assisted me a lot and I hope he will do me a second favor.
W: Sorry, sir! He has quit this job to establish his own studio. However, we have found a new one named Lucy, really experienced and considerate.
M: Well, I prefer to work with Mr. Holland again. Could you give me his contact information?
W: Sorry, it is against our company’s policy. Personally, I think you can have a listen to Lucy’s works and then you can decide whether you will make her your assistant.
M: Fine, I will.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. How old was the man’s grandma when she began learning Spanish?
A. 78 years old. B. 80 years old. C. 82 years old.
12. What makes the man’s grandma study Spanish?
A. She is interested in Spanish.
B. She finds Spanish very useful.
C. She wants to be a Spanish teacher.
13. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Sister and brother. B. Schoolmates. C. Teammates.
【答案】11. A 12. B 13. B
【解析】
【原文】W: How old is your grandma now?
M: She’s already 80. Incredibly, she began to learn Spanish two years ago.
W: Wow! That’s amazing! Why does she decide to step into the world of Spanish?
M: Yeah, she just travels a lot, realizing that Spanish is so useful.
W: So how does she learn Spanish?
M: She always listens to Spanish songs and even looks up the unfamiliar words in the lyrics.
W: Wow, unbelievable at her age. Does she turn to you for help since you are a Spanish teacher?
M: Of course, she does that very often. She often talks with me in Spanish. We haven’t seen each other after graduation. You can come to my house and have a nice talk with her.
W: Yeah, I’d love to. See you around.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. What is the woman now?
A. A teacher. B. A doctor. C. A manager.
15. What did the woman major in at university?
A. Civil engineering. B. Computer programming. C. Social Management.
16. What does the woman like about her work?
A. The business travel. B. The long vacation time. C. The flexible working hours.
17. How long does the man work per day?
A. 8 hours. B. 12 hours. C. 14 hours.
【答案】14. C 15. B 16. A 17. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Anna, what do you do now? Are you a doctor or a teacher?
W: Neither, I’m now a manager in an American company. You know I used to be a teacher.
M: Ah, the new post can ensure you a decent salary, right?
W: Yes! But I have to work hard for what I get—twelve to fourteen hours a day.
M: I see. So what’s your major at university? Something related to your work?
W: Well, I have majored in computer programming at university. There aren’t many opportunities for women in social management. This work was about the only thing I could find.
M: Do you get much time off work?
W: Only two days off a month. But I sometimes get to travel abroad with my colleagues, and I enjoy that.
M: That’s good. No wonder you like your present job. I have to say, though, I prefer my eight-hour days and my job is related to my major in civil engineering.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. What was the speaker driving to do?
A. Go to his office. B. Pick up his son. C. Go to the post office.
19. What did the speaker buy at a shop?
A. Drinks. B. Swimsuits. C. Fruits and bread.
20. What made the speaker stop his car 500 metres from the school?
A. A traffic jam. B. A flat tire of a bus. C. An engine failure of a car.
【答案】18. B 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】M: I was driving along the road to fetch my son from school. We were going to swim together in the local swimming pool. I finished working at about 4 o’clock and then went to the post office to send a parcel to my nephew. Then I stopped at a shop for some fruits and bread. We liked to have some fruits and bread to eat after our swim. When I was about 500 meters from the school, the cars in front of me stopped moving. I knew something terrible must have happened. Many people were gathering and talking. I was a little upset. I pulled up and got out of the car. I walked about 200 meters and found that a truck had a flat tire and the engine was out of order as well, crashing into several cars. Policemen were investigating the scene there. Eventually, one ambulance was on the spot within minutes. Fortunately, no one got severely injured and two slightly injured drivers were rushed to hospital instantly.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
This is confirmation of your booking and is not your travel ticket.
Dear Miss Deng
Thank you for buying your train tickets with Abellio Greater Anglia
Your reservation reference is 2237393625.
All the information below is available in My Account. For more assistance or having any problems about your confirmation, please visit our Help Pages.
Journey Information
Getting your ticket by printing. We will email your ticket to 20221105@qq.com for you to print on A4 paper. This is scheduled to arrive within 2 hours. Alternatively, you can read the ticket from My Account after 2 hours.
You must bring your ticket to board the train and ID (Credit or Debit card, National Railcard, Passport or Driving Licence) with you on your journey if you need.
Journey Route: London Terminals to Cambridge
Travel on Friday 24 Nov. 2023
Departure
Arrival
Transportation
Reservation
Pick-up
8:00-London Liverpool Street
9:00-Cambridge Station
Train (Abellio Greater Anglia)
Reserved-random seat
9:30 at the front door of the train station
Note: The passenger is free to sit in any empty unreserved seat for the class of travel specified on the ticket.
Ticket Details
Passengers: 2 adults
Ticket Type: Advanced Single
Route: Only valid (有效的) on booked Abellio Greater Anglia services and required connecting Abellio Greater Anglia services.
21. What will Miss Deng do if she has some doubt about her confirmation?
A. Visit Help Pages. B. Go to the services office.
C. Make for the railway station. D. Call the phone number 2237393625.
22. Which of the following must Miss Deng carry before getting on the train?
A. Credit card. B. National Railcard.
C. The printed ticket. D. Confirmation letter
23. What can we know about Miss Deng from the text?
A. She’ll go to Cambridge to print some papers.
B. She’ll take a train to Cambridge for one hour.
C. She’ll go to London together with another adult.
D. She’ll be picked up after her arrival in 20 minutes.
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章展示了Deng女士预订的火车票的订票确认函的具体内容。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“All the information below is available in My Account. For more assistance or having any problems about your confirmation, please visit our Help Pages. (以下所有信息都可以在我的账户中找到。如需更多帮助或对您的确认有任何问题，请访问我们的帮助页面。)”可知，如果邓小姐对自己的确认有疑问，可以点击帮助页面。故选A项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Journey Information部分第一段的第一、二句“Getting your ticket by printing. We will email your ticket to 20221105@qq.com for you to print on A4 paper. (打印机票。我们会将您的机票通过电子邮件发送至20221105@qq.com，让您在A4纸上打印)”可知，邓女士应该事先把车票打印在一张A4纸上；再根据该部分的第二段“You must bring your ticket to board the train and ID (Credit or Debit card, National Railcard, Passport or Driving Licence) with you on your journey if you need. (如果需要，您必须携带车票和身份证件（信用卡或借记卡、国家铁路卡、护照或驾驶执照）登机。)”可知，上车前应该带好打印好的车票。故选C项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Journey Route: London Terminal to Cambridge中的表格的第一、二列可知，邓女士是八点在London Liverpool Street坐火车出发，九点到达Cambridge车站，历时一个小时。故选B项。
B
Two managers in the same organization were coming into conflict when having disagreements in their work. After thinking about a particularly troubling issue throughout the night, the first manager wrote a letter to the other one, outlining his thoughts as reasonably as possible. He gave it to the other person and asked him to read it later and suggested that after working through their anger, they discuss it again.
The following day the first manager stopped by the office of the other and asked how it would go. The second one admitted that he was very upset at first, but after thinking it over he realized that most of their disagreements were for a lack of understanding. He stated that he felt if they could discuss it without losing their tempers, they could work things out. That is exactly what they did later and got the issue settled with flying colors (成功地).
American president Abraham Lincoln was known for writing two letters when he needed to communicate with someone else who had made him angry. He first wrote a letter that severely conveyed just what he thought. Then he tore up that letter and wrote a second one that was appropriate and reasonable, and sent the letter out.
Effective communication is the key to any relationship. When we allow ourselves to become emotional and react immediately to what we feel without thinking, emotions overwhelm (压倒) the situation and prevent true communication. Step back, think evaluate what happened or what was said, and ask to clarify questions if it is needed. Then, you can respond appropriately.
Don’t let overwhelming emotion control your life. Instead, choose to think and process internally whatever comes your way before externally responding. That is when you can communicate with others effectively and you will be able to keep good relationships with them.
24. What did the first manager do in his letter?
A. He expressed his general ideas reasonably.
B. He explained why the issue was troubling.
C. He apologized to the second manager sincerely.
D. He invited the second manager to discuss the issue.
25. What is the story of Lincoln intended to express?
A. Any great man can get angry.
B. Making plan B is necessary in work.
C. Writing letters was very popular in the past.
D. We should deal with matters after calming down.
26. What will reacting immediately without thinking probably lead to?
A. A bad first impression. B. Ineffective communication.
C. The high chance of failure. D. The breakdown of a relationship.
27. What should people do for better communication?
A. Learn to answer questions indirectly. B. Avoid anger to keep good relationships.
C. Never be overwhelmed by your emotions. D. Think reasonably before making a decision.
【答案】24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过生活事例表明：通过控制自己的情绪才能进行有效的沟通，更好地解决生活中的冲突。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“After thinking about a particularly troubling issue throughout the night, the first manager wrote a letter to the other one, outlining his thoughts as reasonably as possible. (在考虑了一个特别棘手的问题一整晚之后，第一个经理给另一个经理写了一封信，尽可能合理地概述了他的想法。)”可知，第一位经理给另一位写了一封信，尽可能合理地说明了他的想法。故选A项。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“American president Abraham Lincoln was known for writing two letters when he needed to communicate with someone else who had made him angry. He first wrote a letter that severely conveyed just what he thought. Then he tore up that letter and wrote a second one that was appropriate and reasonable, and sent the letter out. (众所周知，当美国总统亚伯拉罕·林肯需要和让他生气的人沟通时，他会写两封信。他首先写了一封信，严肃地表达了他的想法。然后他把那封信撕了，又写了一封合适而合理的信，然后把信寄出去了。)”可知，林肯写了一封信，严肃地表达自己的想法，然后把信件给撕掉，又写一封更加合理的信，最后寄出去，所以这个故事告诉我们应该冷静之后再处理问题。故选D项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“When we allow ourselves to become emotional and react immediately to what we feel without thinking, emotions overwhelm (压倒) the situation and prevent true communication. (当我们让自己变得情绪化，不假思索地对自己的感受做出反应时，情绪就会压倒局面，阻碍真正的沟通。)”可知，对一件事不假思索地立即作出反应，这可能会阻止真正的交流，即导致无效沟通。故选B项。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段第一句“Don’t let overwhelming emotion control your life. (不要让压倒性的情绪控制你的生活。)”可知, 作者所给的建议是，有效的沟通是要控制自己的情绪，不被情绪奴役。故选C项。
C
Everyone knows they feel amazingly good and refreshed after a good night’s sleep but now scientists have discovered it can help you to live longer too. According to a study in the US, healthy sleeping habits mean men can live almost five years longer, and women for two years. It also found that sleep improves our health and reduces the risk of heart disease.
However, the study by the American College of Cardiology(心脏病学)shows it’s not just about how long you sleep; the quality of your sleep is important, too. Dr Frank Qian, who led the study, said sleep must be restful. The researchers said that sleep of high quality for adults depended on five fundamental elements: getting seven to eight hours of sleep each night; having trouble falling asleep no more than twice a week; having trouble staying asleep no more than twice a week; not using medicine to get to sleep; and waking up feeling rested at least five days a week.
Each factor was given one point, with a maximum of five points for the highest quality of sleep. The researchers looked at the results of a survey of 172,321 people in the US that measured their health habits, including sleep, over five years. They found that people who had all five points were likely to live longer and lead healthier lives than those who had sleep difficulties.
According to the Sleep Charity, a good night’s sleep can improve people’s memory and immune(免疫)system. Dr Qian admits that no one’s sleep is perfect—everyone has a late or restless night sometimes. However, he said, “Even from a young age, if people can develop these good habits of getting enough sleep, making sure they are sleeping without too many distractions, which originate from daily troubles or noisy surroundings. And gradually it can greatly benefit their overall long-term health.”
The study was based on people reporting their own sleep habits rather than recording them scientifically, so this may have affected the results and more research is needed.
28. What can be inferred from Paragraph 1?
A People with bad sleep may always feel unsettled.
B. Good sleep can benefit mental and physical health.
C. People with good sleeping habits can recite knowledge better.
D. Healthy sleeping habits can prevent people from many diseases.
29. Which of the following may Dr Frank Qian agree with?
A. Sleep’s quality is more vital than its length.
B. Sleep’s quality lies in five important factors.
C. People who meet five factors are bound to live much longer.
D. People with sleep difficulties are likely to have a bad memory.
30. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “distractions” in Paragraph 4?
A. Pills. B. Assignments. C. Bothers. D. Routines.
31. What will be needed for the study to offer more convincing findings?
A. The analyses of more samples. B. The survey of more sleep issues.
C. The study of more influential elements. D. The more scientific methods of research.
【答案】28. B 29. B 30. C 31. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究来说明良好睡眠习惯的好处。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Everyone knows they feel amazingly good and refreshed after a good night’s sleep but now scientists have discovered it can help you to live longer too. According to a study in the US, healthy sleeping habits mean men can live almost five years longer, and women for two years. It also found that sleep improves our health and reduces the risk of heart disease.(每个人都知道，睡个好觉后，他们会感觉非常好，神清气爽，但现在科学家们发现，睡个好觉还能帮助你长寿。根据美国的一项研究，健康的睡眠习惯意味着男性可以多活近5年，女性可以多活两年。研究还发现，睡眠可以改善我们的健康，降低患心脏病的风险)”可知，好的睡眠习惯对人的心理和生理均有好处。故选B项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The researchers said that sleep of high quality for adults depended on five fundamental elements: getting seven to eight hours of sleep each night; having trouble falling asleep no more than twice a week; having trouble staying asleep no more than twice a week; not using medicine to get to sleep; and waking up feeling rested at least five days a week.(研究人员表示，成年人的高质量睡眠取决于五个基本要素:每晚睡眠七到八个小时;每周睡眠困难不超过两次;睡眠困难的:一周睡眠困难不超过两次的;不用药物入睡;每周至少有五天醒来时感觉精力充沛)”可知，睡眠质量取决于五个关键因素。故选B项。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据后文“which originate from daily troubles or noisy surroundings.(这些干扰来自日常的麻烦或嘈杂的环境)”可推知，画线词意思是“让人分心的事情”，和C项意思相近。故选C项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The study was based on people reporting their own sleep habits rather than recording them scientifically, so this may have affected the results and more research is needed.(这项研究是基于人们报告自己的睡眠习惯，而不是科学地记录他们的睡眠习惯，所以这可能会影响结果，需要更多的研究)”可知，接下来应该采用更加科学的方式进行研究。故选D项。
D
NASA(美国航空航天局)has plenty of experience operating wheeled rovers(探测车)on Mars, but it’s never tried to fly a helicopter on the red planet before. The helicopter, Ingenuity, will get a chance to make history in April by flying the Martian skies, but first it needs to be delivered safely to the ground.
Ingenuity is held under the belly(腹部)of the Perseverance rover. The process of delivering it takes nearly a week. The camera on the end of the rover’s robotic arm is keeping track of the developments and giving images of the progress to controllers on Earth.
The multi-step process of delivering Ingenuity involves releasing a locking mechanism, turning the machine around into position and stretching the legs, none of which happens quickly. It takes over six Earth days to complete and Ingenuity remains connected to Perseverance for power during that time.
On March 29, a latest view showed two of the landing legs sticking out and Ingenuity was put to an upright position. On Tuesday, NASA shared a look at Ingenuity with all four legs reaching out. “We’re in the final stage. The Mars helicopter has lowered all four legs and is about to touch down on the Martian surface,” NASA announced. “As long as it’s fully ready, NASA Perseverance will release it gently to the surface.” Once Ingenuity is on the ground, it will be no longer connected to Perseverance.
Afterwards, the rover will carefully move away to allow the helicopter spread its solar panels to charge its battery and keep it warm through the cold Martian night. The first day on its own will be a critical time for the mission.
Ingenuity could attempt its first test flight, a short hover(盘旋), as early as April 8. We’re expecting more images from Perseverance as it tracks the tiny helicopter’s progress. If going smoothly, the solar powered Ingenuity is a high-risk, high-reward technology demonstration, an experiment that could mark the first powered, controlled flight on another planet.
32. What can we know about Ingenuity?
A. It has a camera on its robotic arm to take pictures.
B. It takes nearly a week for Ingenuity to fly to Mars.
C. It’s one of NASA’s many operational rovers on Mars.
D. Its movements are being monitored remotely from Earth.
33. What is the latest progress of releasing Ingenuity?
A. It has crashed on Mars in a controlled way
B. It’s just a moment away from touching down.
C. It is disconnected from the Perseverance rover.
D. Its four landing legs have touched the Martian surface.
34. How does Ingenuity get power on the cold Mars?
A. By being linked with Perseverance.
B. By switching a newly-charged battery.
C. By touching down on the Martian surface.
D By unfolding its solar panels to get charged.
35. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Mars: Another Planet Where Human Can Live
B. Mars Helicopter Ingenuity Is About to Make History
C. NASA’s Latest Model of Mars Rover: Perseverance
D. Latest Mars Images Shows Evidence of Martian Life
【答案】32. D 33. B 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了火星直升机机智号到达火星的始末。
【详解】1. 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“The camera on the end of the rover’s robotic arm is keeping track of the developments and giving images of the progress to controllers on Earth.(位于月球车机械臂末端的摄像头正在跟踪事态的发展，并向地球上的控制器提供有关进展的图像。)”可知，所有的过程和监控都由地球进行远程监控。故选D。
2. 细节理解题。根据第四段第三句“‘We’re in the final stage. The Mars helicopter has lowered all four legs and is about to touch down on the Martian surface,’ NASA announced.(我们已经到了最后阶段了。火星直升机已经放下了四条腿，即将着陆火星表面，”美国宇航局宣布。)”可知，机智号即将达到火星表面，这是最近的一个阶段。故选B。
3. 细节理解题。根据第五段第一句中的“Afterwards, the rover will carefully move away to allow the helicopter spread its solar panels to charge its battery and keep it warm through the cold Martian night.(之后，火星车将小心地移开，让直升机展开太阳能电池板，为电池充电，并在火星寒冷的夜晚保持温暖。)”可知，机智号是通过展开太阳面板来进行充电，获得动力的。故选D。
4. 主旨大意题。通读文章，尤其是第一段第二句“The helicopter, Ingenuity, will get a chance to make history in April by flying the Martian skies, but first it needs to be delivered safely to the ground.(今年4月，这架名为“匠心”（Ingenuity）的直升机将有机会在火星上空飞行，创造历史，但首先它需要安全着陆。)”可知，本文主要介绍了机智号即将达到火星，创造了历史。因此推断B项“火星直升机Ingenuity即将创造历史”为最佳标题。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Psychological First Aid
Psychological first aid can be an excellent tool to relieve mental health struggles. In this article, we’ll explore the definition, significance, and usage of it.
·What is psychological first aid?
In terms of its definition, experts from the University of Glasgow describe psychological first aid (PFA) as something that can be used to support people who have experienced disasters or other crises. ____36____
____37____ It also should consider their basic needs, including sleep, food and the like.
·Why is mental health first aid important
Mental health first aid can be a crucial tool to ensure that people are able to cope with difficult experiences and build resilience (承受力). ____38____ PFA can help people to grow and develop despite having faced obstacles to strengthen resilience.
PFA enhances resilience by offering constant support, which will surely increase perceived (感知) capacity to deal with a difficult situation, and improve willingness to accept support and assistance from others.
·____39____
While PFA can be used to offer support to anyone who has painful experiences, there are certain circumstances that can arise where it can be particularly useful.
In some of these situations, people having experienced a lot of disasters, will need professional help from consultants because they suffer from serious mental problems. ____40____ This might be losing personal belongings, having to move to a new country, leaving family members, or witnessing violence.
A. What can psychological first aid be used for?
B. How can you practise mental health first aid for others?
C. It is a kind of ability to recover after experiencing difficulties.
D. There are many people with mental health problems in the world.
E. It provides a framework, employed to offer support in a respected way.
F. For those without severe mental issues, it can help them to handle struggling things.
G. Apart from it, the experts further say that PFA is considerate and supportive assistance for depressed people.
【答案】36. E 37. G 38. C 39. A 40. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了心理急救的定义、意义及用途。
【36题详解】
根据小标题“What is psychological first aid? (什么是心理急救？)”，以及上文“In terms of its definition, experts from the University of Glasgow describe psychological first aid (PFA) as something that can be used to support people who have experienced disasters or other crises. (就其定义而言，格拉斯哥大学的专家将心理急救，即PFA，描述为可以用来支持经历灾难或其他危机的人的东西。)”可知，本段介绍心理急救的定义，E项“It provides a framework, employed to offer support in a respected way. (它提供了一个框架，用来以一种受人尊敬的方式提供支持。)”其中的It指代上文的PFA，与上文之间为顺接关系，进一步介绍PFA，上下文语义一致，衔接连贯。故选E项。
【37题详解】
根据小标题“What is psychological first aid? (什么是心理急救？)”，以及上文“In terms of its definition, experts from the University of Glasgow describe psychological first aid (PFA) as something that can be used to support people who have experienced disasters or other crises. 1 ______ (就其定义而言，格拉斯哥大学的专家将心理急救，即PFA，描述为可以用来支持经历灾难或其他危机的人的东西。它提供了一个框架，用来以一种受人尊敬的方式提供支持。)”可知，上一段介绍心理急救的定义，尤其是第一空，陈述了PFA的作用，G项“Apart from it, the experts further say that PFA is considerate and supportive assistance for depressed people. (除此之外，专家们进一步表示，PFA对抑郁症患者来说是一种体贴和支持性的帮助。)”，the experts further say与上文experts from the University of Glasgow describe呼应，句中的it指代上文的内容，下文“It also should consider their basic needs, including sleep, food and the like. (它还应该考虑到他们的基本需求，包括睡眠、食物等。)”，其中的their指代的是G项中的depressed people。上下文衔接连贯，故选G项。
【38题详解】
上文“Mental health first aid can be a crucial tool to ensure that people are able to cope with difficult experiences and build resilience (承受力). (心理健康急救可以是确保人们能够应对困难经历和建立复原力的关键工具)”中提到了resilience，C项“It is a kind of ability to recover after experiencing difficulties. (它是一种经历困难后恢复的能力。)”中的It指代上文的resilience，此处进一步解释resilience，说它是经历困难后能重整旗鼓的一种能力。上下文语义一致，故选C项。
【39题详解】
此处考查小标题。根据下文“While PFA can be used to offer support to anyone who has painful experiences, there are certain circumstances that can arise where it can be particularly useful. (虽然PFA可以用来为任何有痛苦经历的人提供支持，但在某些情况下，它可能会特别有用。)”可知，此处与PFA的特别用处有关，以及文章第一段第二句“In this article, well explore the definition, significance, and usage of it. (在本文中，我们将探讨它的定义、意义和用法。)”可知，文章的第三部分在讲心理急救的用途。A项“What can psychological first aid be used for? (心理急救可以用来做什么？)”，上下文呼应，语义一致。故选A项。
【40题详解】
根据上文“In some of these situations, people having experienced a lot of disasters, will need professional help from consultants because they suffer from serious mental problems.(在某些情况下，经历过很多灾难的人需要咨询师的专业帮助，因为他们患有严重的精神问题。)”可知，上文讲的是有严重心理问题的人，F项“For those without severe mental issues, it can help them to handle struggling things. (对于那些没有严重精神问题的人来说，它可以帮助他们处理挣扎的事情。)”，该空在讲没有严重心理问题的人，与前文是并列关系，陈述了心理急救对两类人都有帮助。故选F项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was raining heavily when the street lights went off and I was returning home. Suddenly I saw a white light coming slowly towards me, as if it were ____41____, and then it disappeared. I thought it to be a trick and ____42____ on my way back home.
Just two blocks away, to my ____43____, I again saw those lights in the distance. They were rising up at a ____44____ speed. It seemed as if they were very desperate to get to the hill. Then suddenly a ____45____ appeared in the cloudy night sky and everything was dark again. I went home, not ____46____ myself much about it, and went to bed as usual. But the next day, I saw there was a huge crowd ____47____ on the street. When I asked a person in the crowd, he said that something ____48____ the trees on the hill. Then it ____49____ me what I saw yesterday night. When I looked up to have a glance of what had happened, I _____50_____ that the trees were burnt all the way through which the lights moved last night.
The research team arrived soon and started to take samples and _____51_____ if people had seen something unusual last night. I gave them a (n) _____52_____ of all that I had seen. After recording everything, they said that they would soon _____53_____ what caused this incident, but their efforts were in _____54_____.
Eventually, ten years passing by, the forest has restored itself. _____55_____, no one till today has been able to detect the cause.
41. A. pleased B. annoyed C. resolved D. frightened
42. A. wandered B. proceeded C. hesitated D. insisted
43. A. joy B. relief C. embarrassment D. astonishment
44. A. slow B. accurate C. regular D. tremendous
45. A. branch B. flash C. signal D. helicopter
46. A. bothering B. justifying C. convincing D. stimulating
47. A. complaining B. gathering C. quarreling D. responding
48. A. burnt B. observed C. collapsed D. cut
49. A. disturbed B. inspired C. struck D. discouraged
50. A. ignored B. spotted C. examined D. guaranteed
51. A. suspect B. recall C. investigate D. determine
52. A. account B. comment C. assessment D. presentation
53 A. look up B. make up C. figure out D. leave alone
54. A. shape B. time C. effect D. vain
55. A. Fortunately B. Nevertheless C. Eventually D. Suddenly
【答案】41. D 42. B 43. D 44. D 45. B 46. A 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. B 51. C 52. A 53. C 54. D 55. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者晚上看到白光，第二天才发现是树烧着了，但是事故的原因仍悬而未决。
【41题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：突然，我看到一道白光慢慢向我走来，好像受到了惊吓，然后就消失了。A. pleased高兴的；B. annoyed生气的；C. resolved下定决心的；D. frightened害怕的。根据“and then it disappeared”推知，作者认为这道白光好像害怕自己似的，消失了。故选D。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我以为有人捉弄我，就在回家的路上继续前行。A. wandered漫游；B. proceeded继续做；C. hesitated犹豫；D. insisted坚持，坚持认为。根据上文“It was raining heavily when the street lights went off and I was returning home.”和“and then it disappeared.”可知，作者认为有人恶作剧，因此继续往会走。故选B。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在两个街区之外，令我惊讶的是，我又看到了远处的那些灯光。A. joy快乐；B. relief宽慰，轻松；C. embarrassment尴尬；D. astonishment震惊。根据“I again saw those lights in the distance.”可知，作者没走多远又看见了白光，因此感到非常震惊。故选D。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们正以惊人的速度起来。A. slow慢的；B. accurate准确的；C. regular有规律的；D. tremendous巨大的，极好的。根据下文“It seemed as if they were very desperate to get to the hill.”推知，白光的速度非常快。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，多云的夜空中出现了一道闪光，一切又变黑了。A. branch树枝，分部；B. flash闪光；C. signal信号；D. helicopter直升机。根据“everything was dark again”推知，夜空中出现了一道闪光，然后一切又陷入黑暗。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我回家了，没太在意这件事，像往常一样上床睡觉了。A. bothering打扰，烦恼；B. justifying证明，为……辩解；C. Convincing使相信；D. stimulating刺激。根据“and went to bed as usual.”可知，作者没有太在意自己回家路上遇到的奇怪事情。故选A。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但第二天，我看到街上聚集了一大群人。A. complaining抱怨；B. gathering收集，聚集；C. quarreling争吵；D. responding回应。根据“there was a huge crowd”推知，一大群人聚集在街道上。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我问人群中的一个人时，他说有什么东西烧焦了山上的树。A. burnt烧，晒；B. observed观察，遵守；C. collapsed崩塌；D. cut切。根据下文“that the trees were burnt all the way through which the lights moved last night.”可知，树被烧了。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我突然想起昨晚看到的。A. disturbed打乱；B. inspired启发，鼓励；C. struck袭击；D. discouraged使……灰心。根据前文描述树被烧可知，作者突然想起昨晚的遭遇，即想到了树被烧的原因。it struck sb…意为“某人突然想起……”。故选C。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我抬头看一眼发生了什么时，我发现昨晚光穿过的所有树木都被烧毁了。A. ignored忽略；B. spotted看见；C. examined检查；D. guaranteed保证。根据“I looked up to have a glance of”和“that the trees were burnt all the way through which the lights moved last night.”可知，作者抬头看见了被昨晚的光烧毁的树。故选B。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究小组很快就赶到了，并开始采集样本，调查人们昨晚是否看到了异常情况。A. suspect怀疑；B. recall回忆；C. investigate调查；D. determine决定。根据“The research team arrived”可知，调查组来调查事故的原因。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把我所看到的一切都告诉了他们。A. account描述，账户；B. comment评论；C. assessment评估；D. presentation演示，发布会。根据下文“After recording everything”可知，作者给调查人员描述了自己昨晚看到的。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在记录了一切之后，他们说他们很快就会弄清楚是什么导致了这一事件，但他们的努力是徒劳。A. look up向上看；B. make up组成，编造；C. figure out弄清楚；D. leave alone不管。根据后文“what caused this incident”可知，调查队会说查清楚事故发生的原因。故选C。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. shape形状；B. time时间；C. effect影响，效果；D. vain徒劳。根据下文“no one till today has been able to detect the cause.”可知，调查队的努力是徒劳。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，直到今天还没有人能够发现原因。A. Fortunately幸运的是；B. Nevertheless然而；C. Eventually最后；D. Suddenly突然。根据上文“Eventually, ten years passing by, the forest has restored itself.”可知，十年过去了，被烧的树木已经恢复了，然而关于事故的原因还没有人能调查出来。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As the world’s longest man-made canal, the Grand Canal is a vast waterway system in the north-eastern and central-eastern plains of China, ____56____ runs from Beijing in the north to Zhejiang Province in the south.
The Grand Canal (大运河) is one of the greatest hydraulic (与水利系统有关的) projects in human history, ____57____ (stretch) 1,794 kilometers. Constructed in sections from the 5th century AD onwards, it was built as a unified means of communication for the empire for the first time in the Sui Dynasty. By the 13th century it consisted of more than 2,000 km of artificial waterways, linking five of China’s main river ____58____ (basin). The canal was ____59____ important factor for the economy, social ____60____ (stable) and government functions in ancient China. It also helped the evolution of Chinese culture by enhancing communication ____61____ the south and the north.
It is widely acknowledged ____62____ the Grand Canal is precious heritage passed down to us by our ancestors and is flowable culture that should ____63____ (preserve). China will continue to carry out ____64____ (integrate) regional development strategies for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the Yangtze River Delta region, and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and draw up a new national policy for environmental protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River basin. The purpose is _____65_____ (seek) greater cooperation of opening-up among different parts of the country.
【答案】56. which
57. stretching
58. basins 59. an
60. stability
61. between
62. that 63. be preserved
64. integrated
65. to seek
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国古代的大运河及其意义和价值。
【56题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：作为世界上最长的人工运河，大运河是中国东北部和中东部平原上的一个庞大的水道系统，北起北京，南至浙江省。分析句子可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“the Grand Canal”，指物，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词“which”引导从句。故填which。
【57题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：大运河是人类历史上最伟大的水利工程之一，全长1794公里。分析句子可知，句中有系动词“is”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“The Grand Canal”和“stretch”为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用“stretch”的现在分词“stretching”。故填stretching。
【58题详解】
考查名词。句意：到13世纪，它由2000多公里的人工水道组成，连接了中国的五个主要河流流域。分析句子可知，空格处应用名词，作宾语，“basin”意为“流域”，为可数名词，根据句中“five”可知，应用“basin”的复数形式“basins”。故填basins。
【59题详解】
考查冠词。句意：运河是中国古代经济、社会稳定和政府职能的一个重要因素。分析句子可知，句中泛指一个重要因素，故空格处应用不定冠词，“important”音标的第一音素为元音音素，故应用不定冠词“an”。故填an。
【60题详解】
考查名词。句意：运河是中国古代经济、社会稳定和政府职能的一个重要因素。分析句子可知，“social”为形容词，空格处应用名词，作宾语，“stable”作名词时意为“马厩”，不符合语境，应用“stability”，意为“稳定性”，为不可数名词。故填stability。
61题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：它还通过加强南北之间的交流促进了中国文化的发展。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“between…and…”，意为“在……和……之间”，故空格处应用“between”。故填between。
【62题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：人们普遍认为，大运河是祖先留给我们的宝贵遗产，是流动的文化，应该加以保护。分析句子可知，句子为主语从句，“It is widely acknowledged that…”意为“人们普遍认为……”，“It”作形式主语，空格处应用“that”引导从句，作真正的主语。故填that。
【63题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：人们普遍认为，大运河是祖先留给我们的宝贵遗产，是流动的文化，应该加以保护。分析句子可知，句子为限制性定语从句，“that”代指“culture”，与“preserve”为被动关系，“should”为情态动词，故句子应用情态动词的被动语态，“preserve”的过去分词为“preserved”，空格处应填“be preserved”。故填be preserved。
【64题详解】
考查形容词。句意：中国将继续实施京津冀地区、长江经济带、长三角地区和粤港澳大湾地区一体化区域综合的发展战略，制定黄河流域环境保护和高质量发展新的国家政策。分析句子可知，“strategies”为名词，故空格处应用形容词，作定语，“integrate”为动词，根据句意可知，应用“integrated”，意为“综合的”，形容词词性。故填integrated。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：其目的是寻求全国不同地区之间更大程度的开放合作。分析句子可知，句中应用不定式“to seek”作表语，对抽象名词“purpose”进行解释说明。故填to seek。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华，你所在的城市美术馆近期在举办一系列中国水墨画(Chinese ink painting)线上展览。上周你参观了第一场活动，请写一封邮件邀请你的笔友Jack参观后续展览。内容包括：
1.你参观的内容和感想；
2.邀请笔友观展。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jack,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jack,
Knowing that you are interested in Chinese ink painting, I’m delighted to invite you to an online exhibition of Chinese ink paintings.
Last week, I attended the first round of the appealing exhibition, Impressed by the vivid paintings, not only did I learn more about how to appreciate them, but also I get some insights into the historical and cultural significance behind each painting.
From my perspective, the exhibition is really worth a visit. Therefore, I would like to invite you to join me in exploring the next round this Sunday.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你所在的城市美术馆近期在举办一系列中国水墨画(Chinese ink painting)线上展览。上周你参观了第一场活动，请写一封邮件邀请你的笔友Jack参观后续展览。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→pleased
参加：attend→participate in
重要性：significance→importance
因此：therefore→hence
2.简单句变复合句
原句：Last week, I attended the first round of the appealing exhibition.
拓展句：Last week, I attended the first round of the appealing exhibition which exhibited lots of masterpieces.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Knowing that you are interested in Chinese ink painting, I’m delighted to invite you to an online exhibition of Chinese ink paintings.(运用了现在分词作状语，that引导宾语从句)
【高分句型2】 Impressed by the vivid paintings, not only did I learn more about how to appreciate them, but also I get some insights into the historical and cultural significance behind each painting.(运用了过去分词作状语，倒装句)
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On a Thursday afternoon in March, an e-mail requirement came in to Ekiben restaurant in Baltimore—tempura broccoli (天妇罗西兰花) together with fresh herbs and sliced onion. The man who sent the e-mail didn’t actually want the food itself. He was writing on behalf of his mother-in-law, Rita, who liked the dish so much He went on to explain that she was now in the final stages of lung cancer at her home in Vermont and that he was hoping to get the recipe to make it for her there.
Steve Chu, one of the restaurant’s co-owners, read the e-mail and quickly replied with an alternative suggestion. “Your behavior is definitely considerate and touching,” he wrote “We’d like to meet you in Vermont and make it fresh for Rita.”
Brandon Jones, the son-in-law, was astonished. “I e-mailed back, saying, ‘You do know that this is Vermont we’re talking about, right?’” says Brandon. “But Steve responded, ‘No problem. You tell us the date, time, and location and we’ll be there.’”
For the past six years, every time Rita visited Baltimore, the first place she desired to go was Ekiben restaurant so she could enjoy broccoli, and I really wanted her to have it one more time,” Brandon says.
“She had always told us, ‘When I’m on my death bed, I long to have that broccoli’”, recalls Brandon.
That Friday after work, a day after receiving Brandon’s e-mail, Chu loaded his truck with a hot plate and a cooler filled with ingredients and then headed for Vermont.
As soon as Chu and his team pulled into the parking lot, they got to work. They pulled down the gate of the pickup, hooked (钩住) the hot plate to the truck’s power port, and started cooking and deep-frying. After neatly packing everything up, they knocked on their customer’s door and waited for the answer.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
As soon as Rita opened the door, she recognized the good smell.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Several days later, Chu received an email with several photos from Brandon.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
As soon as Rita opened the door, she recognized the good smell. Rita, rooted to the ground, couldn’t believe her eyes. Without doubt, the broccoli she had longed for was served in front of her. Instantly, Rita and Brandon invited them into their house and helped them place the food on the table. Rita, staring at the favorable cuisine, couldn’t resist sobbing alone. Words failed her to convey her gratitude and excitement as well. Brandon patted her tenderly on the shoulder and said, “Thanks so much for making my mother-in-law’s wish come true, and we will always cherish the moment.”
Several days later, Chu received an e-mail with several photos from Brandon. It said, “Every day Rita wakes up, she always wears a smile and fights against the cancer bravely.” Having read the e-mail, Steve Chu was delighted that his act of kindness would bring blessings in Rita’s rest of life. From the picture, he discovered that Rita wore a broad smile like a ray of light. All of a sudden, it dawned on him that his small act of kindness could bright light to anyone in despair.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了布兰登为他的已处于肺癌晚期的岳母丽塔向巴尔的摩市的Ekiben饭店提出请求，希望餐厅能到远在佛蒙特州的岳母家里为她做一道西兰花，餐厅的合伙人之一朱棣文带上设备、食材，如期赴约，在停车场准备就绪后，敲开了丽塔的门，激动的丽塔尝到了渴望已久的这道菜，几天后布兰登发邮件给朱分享这个善举对丽塔的影响。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“丽塔一打开门，就闻到了那股香味。”可知，第一段可描写丽塔看到外面的场景时的难以置信，以及餐桌上丽塔和布兰登对朱棣文的感激。
②由第二段首句内容“几天后，朱收到了一封电子邮件，里面有布兰登发来的几张照片。”可知，第二段可描写布兰登发邮件给朱分享这个善举对丽塔的影响，以及朱自己的感悟。
2.续写线索：丽塔的发现——品尝美食——感谢善举——发邮件分享——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①珍视：cherish / treasure
②凝视：stare at / peer at
③发现：discover /detect
情绪类
①表达感激之情：convey one’s gratitude / extend one’s appreciation
②高兴的：delighted / cheerful
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Rita, staring at the favorable cuisine, couldn’t resist sobbing alone.（运用现在分词作状语，动名词作宾语）
[高分句型2]. From the picture, he discovered that Rita wore a broad smile like a ray of light.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
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