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2022-2023学年江苏省徐州市高一下学期期中英语试卷含解析
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这是一份2022-2023学年江苏省徐州市高一下学期期中英语试卷含解析，共25页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年江苏省徐州市高一（下）期中英语试卷
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
第I卷（选择题）
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
April 20 marks United Nations Chinese Language Day.Our magazine has invited three Chinese learners to share stories of their studies!
Mike Fuksman，US：Learning Chinese brings me joy
One thing that I really appreciate about Chinese is that it is usually quite direct and literal.When you break each word down into its individual characters，they make sense together."Elevator"is dianti—translated character by character，it means "electric stairs".It's pretty straightforward（直接的）.
Then again，there are plenty of odd words，such as dongxi，which means"things".If you translate each part individually，it means"east west".
Alex Tani，UK：Learning Chinese can be enjoyable
For me Chinese had been a subject that could make the classroom deadly silent because how difficult it was to learn.But when I arrived in China in 2021，I found that learning the language could be enjoyable.
As a language lover，I would try to chat with locals in Chinese，sharing details about our daily lives.Sometimes we would also go to KTV together，where the vibe（氛围） was completely different from that of a classroom.The music and language learning flowed with ease.
Jennifer Holstein，US：Learning Chinese changed my life path
We stayed in school for 14 hours each day and attended listening，speaking，reading and writing classes.Even gym and music classes were in Mandarin（普通话）.The process was challenging but I learned Mandarin quite well.In turn，opportunities started presenting themselves everywhere.Everyone wanted me to work for them.At that moment，I knew my effort was worth it.
1. What does Fuksman appreciate about Chinese？ ______
A. Its straightforwardness. B. Its long history.
C. The way it is pronounced. D. The way it is written and read.
2. Which contributes to a more efficient and relaxing language learning？ ______
A. A reliable language learning project.
B. Going to a KTV.
C. A good language learning environment.
D. A strict language teacher.
3. What does learning Chinese mean to Holstein？ ______
A. It's a long and boring journey.
B. It's a lifetime task.
C. It opens the door to job opportunities.
D. It's an interesting game.
B
It was the day before Thanksgiving，and on the streets of New York City，people rushed about to prepare for the holiday.Among them was a man named Stuffy Pete，who was known for his big appetite.
As Stuffy Pete made his way down the street，he met another man，a well-dressed gentleman named Horace.Horace offered to treat Stuffy Pete to a Thanksgiving dinner at Delmonico's，a fancy restaurant in the city.Stuffy Pete eagerly accepted，and the two men set off for the restaurant.On the way，Horace told Stuffy Pete about his own Thanksgiving tradition：every year，he visited the Tombs，a prison in the city，to bring a meal to a man named"Red"McGee.
When they arrived at Delmonico's，Stuffy Pete had a great meal，while Horace ate only a small portion（一份） of soup.Afterward，they set off for the Tombs，where they were searched and admitted to the prison.There，they found"Red"McGee，who was surprised to see Horace.Horace explained that he had brought a Thanksgiving dinner for him，but "Red"McGee was ungrateful and insulting.
As they left the prison，Stuffy Pete was confused by Horace's kindness to a man who showed no gratitude.Horace explained that he had once been like"Red"McGee，but had been given a second chance by someone who showed him kindness.
The two men parted ways，and Stuffy Pete walked home feeling grateful for his own life and the kindness of strangers.
4. What is Horace's Thanksgiving tradition？ ______
A. Going shopping in a market.
B. Hosting a large dinner party.
C. Volunteering at a homeless shelter.
D. Visiting a prison to bring a man a meal.
5. The underlined word " insulting " in paragraph 3 means ______ .
A. impolite B. impatient C. helpless D. proud
6. What can we infer from this passage？ ______
A. Stuff Pete was pleased to help Horace in Thanksgiving.
B. Horace was helped by someone who gave him kindness.
C. Stuff Pete will receive help from Horace in each Thanksgiving.
D. Treating a prisoner is a tradition for Pete and Horace every Thanksgiving.
7. What can be a suitable title for the passage？ ______
A. Delivery of kindness B. A man with big appetite
C. Kindness to a prisoner D. Gratitude to hardship
C
As the world sees more and more extreme weather patterns，it's becoming increasingly difficult to ignore the effects of climate change.It is now a common topic of discussion and it has even found its way into the books we read.Because of this，a genre（类型） called climate fiction，or cli-fi，has found new life.
The term"cli-fi"was first used in 2007 by US climate activist and writer Dan Bloom.As the name suggests，climate fiction refers to stories with a central theme of climate change or global warming.These kinds of books can help us imagine what the world might be like in the future because of major climate change events.
Adeline Johns-Putra is a professor of literature at Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University in Suzhou and has edited many books on climate fiction."It's part of a pattern，"Johns～Putra told Smithsonian Magazine."It's a feedback loop（环），as these books feed into our awareness and that feeds into our demand to read these books."
The genre is also gaining popularity with high school and college students because it looks at topics that are relevant to what's really happening today.Also，many cli-fi novels tend to have dystopian（反乌托邦的） themes，which are very popular in young adult novels.
In 2015，cli-fi author Sarah Holding wrote for The Guardian that cli-fi"reconnects young readers with their environment"，which helps them appreciate it more，"especially when today，a large amount of their time is spent in the virtual world".
Cli-fi has also helped to inspire students to pursue science majors，with some universities even offering courses specifically focusing on climate fiction.
"These books aren't going to save the world in any straight form or way，"Johns-Putra commented."But they're certainly going to help us think about how the world gets saved."
As Atwood wrote in her dystopian cli-fi novel MaddAddam，"People need such stories，because however dark，a darkness with voices in it is better than a silent void（空间）."
8. What is cli-fi？ ______
A. Stories about country life. B. Stories with dystopian themes.
C. Stories about the future. D. Stories about climate change.
9. What effect does cli-fi have on young students？ ______
A. It raises their awareness of the real world.
B. It encourages them to write their own cli-fi.
C. It teaches them to appreciate what they have.
D. It makes them more interested in the virtual world.
10. What does Atwood think of cli-fi？ ______
A. They are too dark for people.
B. They tend to make people feel empty.
C. They should involve different voices.
D. They can get people to think about their reality.
11. What is the author's main purpose in writing the article？ ______
A. To introduce a genre of fiction.
B. To warn readers of future climate crises.
C. To introduce a famous US climate activist.
D. To inspire students to choose science majors.
D
Earthquake forecasting is one of the most ancient skills known to mankind.From ancient Greece to the present day，countless scientists have tried to develop tools to predict earthquakes.Their attempts usually focused on searching for reliable evidences of coming quakes.
However，there are many reasons why predicting quakes is so hard."We don't understand some basic physics of earthquakes，"said Egill，a research professor at the California Institute of Technology.Scientists have also attempted to create mathematical models of movement，but precisely predicting would require great mapping and analysis of the Earth's crust（地壳）.Other challenges include a lack of data on the early warning signs，given that these warning signs are not yet entirely understood.Actually，real earthquake prediction is very similar to the diagnosis of potential human illnesses based on observing and analyzing each patient's signs and symptoms（症状）.As it turns out，quake prediction is extremely difficult.
Many sources show that earthquake forecasting was a recognized science in ancient Greece.Ancient Greeks lived very close to nature and were able to detect unusual phenomena and forecast earthquakes.The first known forecast was made by Pherecydes of Syros about 2500 years ago：he made it as he scooped water from a well and noticed that usually very clean water had suddenly become muddy.Indeed，an earthquake occurred two days later，making Pherecydes famous.Nowadays，seismic（地震的） and remote-sensing methods are considered to have the greatest potential in terms of solving the earthquake prediction problem.
Currently，Terra Seismic can identify a forthcoming earthquake with a high level of confidence.Generally，Terra Seismic does not predict a quake if the earthquake's epicenter（震中） is located beyond a depth of 40 km.Fortunately，such quakes are almost always harmless，since quake's energy reduces before reaching the Earth's surface."Scientists have tried every possible method to try to predict earthquakes，"Bruneau said."Nobody has been able to crack it and make a believable prediction."
12. Why is earthquake forecasting so difficult？ ______
A. Some basic physics of earthquakes is unknown.
B. Data on early warning signs are fully understood.
C. Mapping and analysis of the Earth's crust are impossible.
D. Earthquake prediction is the same as the diagnosis of human illness.
13. Why does the author give the example of Pherecydes？ ______
A. To explain why Pherecydes was famous.
B. To explain Ancient Greeks lived very close to nature.
C. To show earthquake forecasting is a science with a long history.
D. To show remote-sensing methods are the best solution to earthquake prediction.
14. What does Bruneau mean in paragraph 4？ ______
A. Scientists have methods to predict earthquake.
B. Terra Seismic can predict an earthquake.
C. Some quakes are harmless if quake's energy is released.
D. Scientists have no reliable method to predict an earthquake.
15. What is the main idea of the passage？ ______
A. The reasons for earthquake forecasting.
B. The history of earthquake forecasting.
C. The methods of earthquake forecasting.
D. The future of earthquake forecasting.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
The 24 solar terms（节气） are part of the traditional Chinese calendar.The Chinese people divided a year into 24 parts based on the sun's position.（1） ______ They reflect the changes of the seasons，climate and phenology（生物气候学）.The Yellow River Basin in northern China is believed to be the cradle（摇篮）of the solar terms system.
Solar terms were instructions for agricultural production and people's daily lives.They mark things like seasons，temperature，precipitation（降水），growth of the crops and weather conditions.（2） ______
Most of the solar terms have rich social and cultural meanings.（3） ______ The "Pure Brightness"is also referred to as Tomb-Sweeping Day，when people pay respect to those they have lost.The tradition remains to today.（4） ______
The culture reflects the Chinese people's respect for nature and tradition，their unique understanding of the universe，their wisdom to live in harmony with nature.It is the youth of China who can best help carry on this significant part of our culture.（5） ______ Many young people have already been contributing their energy and strength to it.In fact，they have been living up to this challenge through artistic means.Many photos，essays and paintings have centered around the theme of the 24 solar terms.
A.Each part is called a solar term.
B.Many farmers still rely on the solar terms to work in the fields.
C.The sun's positions bring about many things related to human life.
D.For instance，during the"Start of Winter"，people eat dumplings.
E.Their creativity and consciousness can bring new life to ancient culture.
F.Their wisdom for life and nature made the solar terms system popular today.
G.This has long been a central element of life in China，and we must protect it.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
When Crystal was riding a bike to the local Wildlife Center last December，she was scheduled to go bird- watching.Just a mile into her walk，she saw a female（1） ______ near the water's edge.Crystal had worked at a wild bird rehabilitation（康复） center and（2） ______ that swans can be aggressive.But as she approached this one，it didn't（3） ______ .She was certain that the bird needed（4） ______ attention.Crystal put her jacket over the bird's head to keep it calm，（5） ______ picked it up and held it in her arms.And then a thought（6） ______ her；What should I do now？
Her best（7） ______ was the rehab center，but that was on the other side of town.How was she going to transport a17- pound swan on her（8） ______ all that way.Luckily，some（9） ______ driving by offered her，her bike and the swan a（n）（10） ______ to the rehab center.
Staff members at the rehab center（11） ______ that the swan might have lead（铅）poisoning.They got the swan back up on her feet.（12） ______ ，the swan had a bacterial infection.Two months after Crystal came to her（13） ______ ，she passed away.
It's a（n）（14） ______ ending，but the story shows just how far people are willing to go to（15） ______ animals.
21. A. bird-watcher B. swan C. passer-by D. duck
22. A. claimed B. guessed C. knew D. admitted
23. A. continue B. move C. leave D. wait
24. A. medical B. constant C. public D. normal
25. A. quickly B. bravely C. carefully D. proudly
26. A. stopped B. struck C. passed D. reminded
27. A. result B. support C. solution D. wish
28. A. bike B. seat C. feet D. back
29. A. doctors B. workers C. friends D. strangers
30. A. access B. call C. lift D. invitation
31. A. assumed B. determined C. denied D. examined
32. A. Sadly B. Gradually C. Accidentally D. Finally
33. A. help B. center C. rescue D. way
34. A. unexpected B. disappointing C. good D. natural
35. A. raise B. save C. respect D. change
第II卷（非选择题）
四、语法填空（本大题共2小题，共25.0分）
36. A strong earthquake（1） ______ （ occur） in south- eastern Turkey，near the Syrian border on Febuary 6th，（2） ______ （ follow） by numerous aftershocks.As a（3） ______ ， more than 37，000 people got（4） ______ （ injure） and thousands of buildings，hospitals，and schools crumbled in it，which worsen the（5） ______ （ poor） of the two countries.Rescue workers and local residents across the region（6） ______ （ desperate） searched through the urban remains in an attempt to find（7） ______ （ survive） buried beneath the rubble（瓦砾）.Chinese rescue teams helped save at least six people，including a pregnant woman and three children.The life supplies are（8） ______ （ limit） in the affected areas.The world must stand with the people of Turkey and Syria，and make all（9） ______ （ finance） and humanitarian assistance available to all who will be impacted by the potential disasters.For（10） ______ （ donate） in cash and materials to Turkiye and Syrian，please contact with below person who is Turkish citizen living in Shenzhen.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
37. Long long ago，as a bookworm，I used to be a hard copy addict and was resolutely（坚决地） against the e-book.But as COVID-19 spreads across the whole world，it has been（1） ______ （ hard） for me to get access to new paper books，（2） ______ made me really frustrated.（3） ______ （ fortunate），thanks to Kindle，a kind of electronic reading device produced by Amazon，my reading world（4） ______ （ update） since its appearance.With a size of an adult's hand，its small body can store about 2，000 e-books，which is equal to the capacity of around 10 library book shelves，（5） ______ it's space- saving.Aiming（6） ______ （ protect） the book readers' eyesight and provide them with better reading experience，Kindle adopts an e-ink screen for （7） ______ （ it） display.On top of that，（8） ______ impresses me most is that it is language- learner- friendly.It contains built- in dictionaries for（9） ______ wide range of languages，and you can easily get a word's meaning by pressing it for a few seconds.Now the more I use it，the more I come to realize that it is really a good（10） ______ （ replace） for paper books and smart phones.
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共30.0分）
38. 目前世界上许多珍稀动物濒临灭绝，假如你是Li Hua，请你给校英文报写一封倡议信，呼吁大家保护动物，爱护环境。
内容包括：
（1）写信目的；
（2）分析原因；
（3）提出措施。
注意：
（1）80词左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（3）开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总数。
Dear schoolmates，
Nowadays，an increasing number of animals are close to extinction.
Yours， Li Hua
39. When we lived on a farm，a black-and-white Border Collie mix showed up at our gate one day.My young son Alec fell in love with this dog instantly，and within an hour，he had named him Oreo.
Within a day，I could see how he would make a house in a mess.The great outdoors itself barely seemed enough space for him to run.When he was let out of his fence，he became a mass of black-and-white fur rushing all over the place at breakneck speed.He never seemed to be tired of running，of jumping on people，or of barking.His high energy was entertaining，but also wearing（令人疲惫的）.So it was usually my husband Gary's job to leash（栓链子） him up for walks.
One day in late summer，Gary，Alec，and I walked with Oreo to the edge of the field and loosed the leash.He took off on his normal run across the juicy，green fields and soon disappeared over the top of a hill.My family walked on the path along the fence at a much slower pace，looking for four-leafed clovers（四叶草） when suddenly we heard barking behind us.
We turned to see two unfamiliar dogs speeding toward us，and they did not look friendly.Ears back，teeth bared，they flew toward us over the dirt path.Gary pushed Alec and me toward a tree with some low-hanging branches."Get Alec in the tree，"he ordered as he picked up a heavy stick.Heart pounding，I lifted Alec onto a branch，and Gary squared off（摆好架势） to face the attacking dogs and give us time to get into the tree.
注意：
（1）所续写短文的词数应为80词左右；
（2）续写部分为一段，开头语已为你写好。
Suddenly，a black-and-white ball shot over the hill and hit the bigger of the two dogs.
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】A、C、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一节Mike Fuksman，US：Learning Chinese brings me joy部分的One thing that I really appreciate about Chinese is that it is usually quite direct and literal.（我真正欣赏中文的一点是，它通常是非常直接和字面的。）可知，Fuksman欣赏中文的直率，故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二节Alex Tani，UK：Learning Chinese can be enjoyable部分的Sometimes we would also go to KTV together，where the vibe（氛围） was completely different from that of a classroom.The music and language learning flowed with ease.（有时我们也会一起去KTV，那里的氛围与教室完全不同。音乐和语言学习顺利进行。）可知，良好的语言学习环境有助于更有效、更轻松的语言学习，故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三节Jennifer Holstein，US：Learning Chinese changed my life path部分的In turn，opportunities started presenting themselves everywhere.Everyone wanted me to work for them.（反过来，机会开始到处出现。每个人都想让我为他们工作。）可知，学习中文为Holstein打开了工作机会的大门，故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三位中文学习者所分享的学习故事。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4~7.【答案】D、A、B、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中On the way，Horace told Stuffy Pete about his own Thanksgiving tradition：every year，he visited the Tombs，a prison in the city，to bring a meal to a man named"Red"McGee. （在路上，Horace告诉Stuffy Pete关于他自己的感恩节传统：每年，他都会去坟墓，一个城市里的监狱，给一个叫" Red"McGee 的人带一顿饭。）可知，Horace的感恩节传统是去监狱给一个人送饭。故选D。
（2）词句猜测题。划线词句后文As they left the prison，Stuffy Pete was confused by Horace's kindness to a man who showed no gratitude.Horace explained that he had once been like"Red"McGee，but had been given a second chance by someone who showed him kindness. （当他们离开监狱时，斯塔菲皮特被霍拉斯对一个毫无感激之情的人的善意弄糊涂了。贺拉斯解释说，他曾经像"红"麦基一样，但是有人给了他第二次机会，对他表示友好。）说明那人毫无感激之情，结合划线词句本句中ungrateful （不领情的），从而推知Horace explained that he had brought a Thanksgiving dinner for him，but "Red"McGee was ungrateful and insulting. （Horace解释说，他给他带了一顿感恩节晚餐，但'Red' McGee不领情，而且insulting。 ）其中划线词汇应为"不礼貌"的意思，和"不领情"并列。A.impolite不礼貌的；B.impatient不耐烦的；C.helpless无助的；D.proud骄傲的。故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Horace explained that he had once been like"Red"McGee，but had been given a second chance by someone who showed him kindness. （Horace解释说，他曾经像'Red" McGee样，但有人对他很好，给了他第二次机会。）可知，Horace得到过好心人的帮助。故选B。
（4）标题判断题。通读全文，根据倒数第二段As they left the prison，Stuffy Pete was confused by Horace's kindness to a man who showed no gratitude.Horace explained that he had once been like"Red"McGee，but had been given a second chance by someone who showed him kindness. （当他们离开监狱时，Horace对一个毫无感激之情的人的普意让Stuffy Pete感到困惑。Horace解释说，他曾经像'Red' McGee样，但有人对他很好，给了他第二次机会。 ）可知，本文讲述了Horace因曾经得到过好心人的帮助，而好心地去帮助需要帮助的人的爱心传递故事。可知A.Delivery of kindness"爱心传递"符合主题，故选A。
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Horace因曾经得到过好心人的帮助，而好心地去帮助需要帮助的人的爱心传递故事。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
8~11.【答案】D、A、D、B
【解析】（1）词义指代题。根据第一段As the world sees more and more extreme weather patterns，it's becoming increasingly difficult to ignore the effects of climate change.It is now a common topic of discussion and it has even found its way into the books we read.Because of this，a genre（类型）called climate fiction，or cli-fi，has found new life.（随着世界目睹越来越多的极端天气模式，人们越来越难以忽视气候变化的影响。它现在是一个常见的讨论话题，甚至在我们读的书中也找到了它的方式。正因为如此，一种被称为气候小说或气候变化小说的流派获得了新生）可知，cli-fi指代的是关于气候变化的故事。A.Stories about country life.关于乡村生活的故事；B.Stories with dystopian themes.反乌托邦主题的故事；C.Stories about the future.关于未来的故事；D.Stories about climate change.关于气候变化的故事。故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据第五段中The genre is also gaining popularity with high school and college students because it is relevant to what's really happening today.（这一题材在高中生和大学生中也越来越受欢迎，因为它与当今真实发生的事情有关）可知，cli-fi提高了年轻学生对现实世界的认识。故选A。
（3）观点态度题。根据倒数第二段的"These books aren't going to save the world in any straight form or way，" Johns-Putra commented. "But they're certainly going to help us think about how the world gets saved.（这些书不会以任何直接的形式或方式拯救世界，"Johns-Putra评论道。"但它们肯定会帮助我们思考如何拯救世界。）及"最后一段As Atwood wrote in her dystopian cli-fi novel MaddAddam， "People need such stories，because however dark，a darkness with voices in it is better than a silent void（空间）."（Atwood在她的反乌托邦气候变化小说《马达亚当斯》中写道："人们需要这样的故事，因为无论多么黑暗，有声音的黑暗总比寂静的空虚好。"）可知，Atwood认为cli-fi可以让人们思考他们面对的现实。故选D。
（4）写作意图题。根据第三段As the name suggests，climate fiction refers to stories with a central theme of climate change or global warming.These kinds of books can help us imagine what the world might be like in the future because of major climate change events.（顾名思义，气候小说是指以气候变化或全球变暖为中心主题的小说。这类书籍可以帮助我们想象由于重大气候变化事件，未来的世界会是什么样子）可知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是警告读者未来的气候危机。A.To introduce a genre of fiction.介绍一种小说类型；B.To warn readers of future climate crises.警告读者未来的气候危机；C.To introduce a famous US climate activist.介绍一位著名的美国气候活动家；D.To inspire students to choose science majors.来激励学生选择理科专业。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。随着世界目睹越来越多的极端天气模式，人们越来越难以忽视气候变化的影响。它现在是一个常见的讨论话题，甚至在我们读的书中也找到了它的方式。正因为如此，一种被称为气候小说或气候变化小说的流派获得了新生。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
12~15.【答案】A、C、D、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段However，there are many reasons why predicting quakes is so hard."We don't understand some basic physics of earthquakes，"said Egill，a research professor at the California Institute of Technology.（然而，预测地震如此困难的原因有很多。"我们不了解地震的一些基本物理原理，"加州理工学院的研究教授Egill说。）可知，地震预报如此困难是因为地震的一些基本物理原理尚不清楚。故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段Many sources show that earthquake forecasting was a recognized science in ancient Greece.Ancient Greeks lived very close to nature and were able to detect unusual phenomena and forecast earthquakes.The first known forecast was made by Pherecydes of Syros about 2500 years ago：he made it as he scooped water from a well and noticed that usually very clean water had suddenly become muddy.Indeed，an earthquake occurred two days later，making Pherecydes famous.（许多资料表明，地震预报在古希腊是一门公认的科学。古希腊人生活在与自然非常接近的地方，他们能够探测到不寻常的现象并预测地震。已知的第一个预测是在2500年前由Syros的Pherecydes做出的：当他从一口井里舀水时，他注意到通常非常干净的水突然变得泥泞。事实上，两天后发生了地震，Pherecydes因此而出名。）可知，作者举Pherecydes的例子是为了表明地震预报是一门历史悠久的科学，故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据第四段Scientists have tried every possible method to try to predict earthquakes，"Bruneau said."Nobody has been able to crack it and make a believable prediction."（Bruneau说："科学家们已经尝试了所有可能的方法来预测地震。没有人能够破解它，做出可信的预测。"）可知，Bruneau在第4段中的意思是科学家没有可靠的方法来预测地震，故选D。
（4）主旨大意题。根据第一段Earthquake forecasting is one of the most ancient skills known to mankind.From ancient Greece to the present day，countless scientists have tried to develop tools to predict earthquakes.Their attempts usually focused on searching for reliable evidences of coming quakes.（地震预报是人类已知的最古老的技能之一。从古希腊到现在，无数的科学家试图开发预测地震的工具。他们的努力通常集中在寻找即将发生地震的可靠证据上。）可知，文章主要说明了地震预报是古老的技能，解释了地震预报困难的原因以及地震预报的历史和方法等。可知，这篇文章的主旨是地震预报方法，C.The methods of earthquake forecasting.（地震预报方法。）符合文意，故选C。
本文是一篇说明文，主要说明了地震预报是古老的技能，解释了地震预报困难的原因以及地震预报的历史和方法等。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
16~20.【答案】A、B、D、G、E
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前句The Chinese people divided a year into 24 parts based on the sun's position（中国人根据太阳的位置将一年分为24个部分），可知表示"每一部分都被称为一个节气"的选项A可以承接前文将一年分为24个部分的语境，24 parts是关键词，故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据前句Solar terms were instructions for agricultural production and people's daily lives.They mark things like seasons，temperature，precipitation（降水），growth of the crops and weather conditions（节气是农业生产和人们日常生活的指示。它们标志着季节、温度、降水，作物的生长和天气条件等），可知表示"许多农民仍然按照节气在田里干活"的选项B符合前后介绍人们根据节气从事农业生产的语境，agricultural production是关键词，故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据前句Most of the solar terms have rich social and cultural meanings（大多数节气都具有丰富的社会和文化意义），可知表示"例如，在'立冬'期间，人们吃饺子"的选项D符合前后介绍节气的社会和文化意义的语境，social and cultural meanings是关键词，故选D。
（4）推理判断题。根据前句The "Pure Brightness"is also referred to as Tomb-Sweeping Day，when people pay respect to those they have lost.The tradition remains to today（清明节也被称为清明节，人们在清明节向逝去的人致敬。这一传统一直延续到今天）；以及后文The culture reflects the Chinese people's respect for nature and tradition，their unique understanding of the universe，their wisdom to live in harmony with nature（中国文化反映了中国人民对自然和传统的尊重，他们对宇宙的独特理解，他们与自然和谐相处的智慧），可知表示"长期以来，这一直是中国生活的核心元素，我们必须保护它"的选项G符合前后介绍二十四节气意义的语境，故选G。
（5）推理判断题。根据前句It is the youth of China who can best help carry on this significant part of our culture（中国的年轻人最能帮助我们传承这一重要文化），可知表示"他们的创造力和意识可以给古老的文化带来新的生命"的选项E符合前后介绍中国年轻人传承这一重要文化的语境，the youth of China是关键词，故选E。
这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了中国传统历法的二十四节气。
这个题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。所以懂得整篇文章的基本结构或段落的语篇结构对解题很有帮助。
21~35.【答案】B、C、B、A、C、B、C、A、D、C、B、A、C、B、B
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.bird-watcher鸟类观察者；B.swan天鹅；C.passer-by过路人；D.duck鸭子。句意：走了一英里后，她在水边看到了一只雌天鹅。根据下文"…that swans can be aggressive" 可知，她知道天鹅是有攻击性的，由此可知，她在水边看到了一只雌天鹅。故选B。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.claimed声称；B.guessed猜测；C.knew知道；D.admitted承认。句意：Crystal曾在一家野生鸟类康复中心工作，她知道天鹅可能具有攻击性。根据句中"Crystal had worked at a wild bird rehab （康复）center"可知，她曾在一家野生鸟类康复中心工作，由此可知，她对野生鸟类有一些了解，知道天鹅可能具有攻击性。故选C。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.continue持续；B.move移动；C.leave离开；D.wait等待。句意：但这次当她靠近时，它没有移动。上文swans can be aggressive 提到天鹅可能具有攻击性，再根据句中转折连词"But"可知，本以为天鹅可能具有攻击性，但这次当她靠近时，天鹅却没有移动。故选B。
（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.medical医疗的；B.constant不断的；C.public公众的；D.normal正常的。句意：她确信这只鸟需要医疗护理。根据下文"Crystal put her jacket over the bird's head to keep it calm" 和"the swan might have lead （铅） poisoning"可知，她把夹克放在鸟的头上，让它保持冷静，并且下文提到这只天鹅是铅中毒，由此可知，她确信这只鸟需要医疗护理。故选A。
（5）考查副词及语境理解。A.quickly迅速地；B.bravely勇敢地；C.carefully小心地；D.proudly骄傲地。句意：Crystal把夹克套在鸟的头上，让它保持冷静，小心地把它捡起来，抱在怀里。根据下文the swan might have lead （铅）poisoning可知，这只天鹅可能是铅中毒，需要医疗护理，健康状况不好，由此可知，她是小心地把它捡起来，怕弄伤它。故选C。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.stopped停止；B.struck突然想到；C.passed通过；D.reminded提醒。句意：然后她突然想到：我现在该做什么？根据句中"What should I do now ？"可知，"我现在该做什么？"是她突然想到的问题。故选B。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.result结果；B.support支持；C.solution 解决办法；D.wish愿望。句意：她最好的解决办法是去康复中心，但那是在镇的另一边。根据上文She was certain that the bird needed （4）attention可知，天鹅的健康状况不好，由此可知，去康复中心是这种情况下最好的解决办法。故选C。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.bike自行车；B.seat座位；C.feet脚；D.back背部。句意：她怎么能一路骑着自行车去运送一只17磅重的天鹅呢？根据上文"When Crystalwas biking to the local Wildlife Refuge last November" 中的"biking"可知，她是骑车前往野生动物保护区的，由此可知，句中指骑着自行车去运送一只17磅重的天鹅。故选A。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.doctors医生；B.workers工人；C.friends朋友；D.strangers陌生人。句意：幸运的是，一些路过的陌生人让她、她的自行车和天鹅搭便车去康复中心。根据上文内容和句中"driving by" 可知，她是独自一人去野生动物保护区的，由此可知，是路过的陌生人给予她帮助。故选D。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.access通道；B.call通话，需求；C.lift搭便车；D.invitation邀请。句意：幸运的是，一些路过的陌生人让她、她的自行车和天鹅搭便车去康复中心。根据句中"driving by" 可知，陌生人是开车行驶的，由此可知，陌生人让她、她的自行车和天鹅搭便车去了康复中心，"offer...a lift" 意为"让……搭便车"。故选C。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.assumed假设；B.determined查明，确定；C.denied 否定；D.examined检查。句意：康复中心的工作人员确定天鹅可能是铅中毒。根据句中"lead poisoning" 可知，句中指康复中心的工作人员经过检查，确定天鹅可能是铅中毒。故选B。
（12）考查副词及语境理解。A.Sadly不幸地；B.Gradually逐渐地；C.Accidentally意外地；D.Finally最后。句意：不幸的是，天鹅受到了细菌感染。根据句中"the swan had a bacterial infection" 和下文"she passed away" 可知，天鹅受到了细菌感染，死去了，由此可知，这是不幸的。故选A。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.help帮助；B.center中心；C.rescue救援；D.way方法。句意：在Crystal救了她两个月后，她去世了。根据上文Crystalput her jacket over the bird's head to keep it calm 可知，是Crystal救了天鹅，由此可知，句中指在Crystal救了天鹅两个月后，天鹅去世了，"come to one's rescue" 意为"救援某人"。故选C。
（14）考查形容词及语境理解。A.unexpected出乎意料的；B.disappointing令人失望的；C.good好的；D.natural自然的。句意：这是一个令人失望的结局，但这个故事显示了人们在拯救动物方面的意愿。根据上文Two months after Crystal came to her （13），she passed away. 可知，天鹅受到了细菌感染，死去了，由此可知，这是一个令人失望的结局。故选B。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.raise举起；B.save拯救；C.respect尊敬；D.change改变。句意：这是一个令人失望的结局，但这个故事显示了人们在拯救动物方面的意愿。根据文章内容可知，文章主要讲述的是主人公拯救一只哭鹅的故事，由此可知，这个故事显示了人们在拯救动物方面的意愿。故选B。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是主人公拯救一只天鹅的故事，虽然最后天鹅仍然死去了，但这个故事显示了人们在拯救动物方面的意愿。
完形填空题的解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
36.【答案】【小题1】occurred
【小题2】followed
【小题3】result
【小题4】injured
【小题5】poverty
【小题6】desperately
【小题7】survivors
【小题8】limited
【小题9】financial
【小题10】donations
【解析】（1）考查动词时态。句意：2月6日，土耳其东南部靠近叙利亚边境的地方发生强烈地震，随后发生多次余震。结合句意可知，此处在讲述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，故填occurred。
（2）考查过去分词。句意：2月6日，土耳其东南部靠近叙利亚边境的地方发生强烈地震，随后发生多次余震。句中已有谓语动词occurred，此处为非谓语动词作状语，A strong earthquake与follow之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，故填followed。
（3）考查固定短语。句意：结果，37000多人受伤，数千栋建筑、医院和学校倒塌，加剧了两国的贫困。as a result表示"结果是"，符合句意，故填result。
（4）考查形容词。句意：结果，37000多人受伤，数千栋建筑、医院和学校倒塌，加剧了两国的贫困。此处用形容词作got的表语，修饰主语more than 37，000 people，表示"受伤的"，故填injured。
（5）考查不可数名词。句意：结果，37000多人受伤，数千栋建筑、医院和学校倒塌，加剧了两国的贫困。结合句意和the可知，此处用名词形式，表示"贫困"，为不可数名词，故填poverty。
（6）考查副词。句意：救援人员和该地区的当地居民在城市废墟中拼命搜寻，试图找到被埋在废墟下的幸存者。此处用副词作状语修饰动词searched，故填desperately。
（7）考查可数名词的复数。句意：救援人员和该地区的当地居民在城市废墟中拼命搜寻，试图找到被埋在废墟下的幸存者。此处用名词作find的宾语，表示"幸存者"，且应用名词的复数形式表示泛指，故填survivors。
（8）考查形容词。句意：受影响地区的生活用品有限。此处用形容词作are的表语，表示"有限的"，故填limited。
（9）考查形容词。句意：世界必须与土耳其和叙利亚人民站在一起，向所有将受到潜在灾难影响的人提供一切财政和人道主义援助。此处用形容词作定语修饰名词assistance，故填financial。
（10）考查可数名词的复数。句意：如需向土耳其和叙利亚捐赠现金和物资，请与以下居住在深圳的土耳其公民联系。此处用名词作介词for的宾语，且表示泛指，故用名词的复数形式，故填donations。
本文为记叙文，主要讲述了2月6日，土耳其东南部靠近叙利亚边境的地方发生强烈地震。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】harder
【解析】（1）考查比较级。句意：但随着新冠肺炎在全世界的传播，我越来越难接触到新的纸质书籍，这让我非常沮丧。结合句意可知，此处表示"越来越难"，故用比较级，故填harder。
（2）考查定语从句。句意：但随着新冠肺炎在全世界的传播，我越来越难接触到新的纸质书籍，这让我非常沮丧。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面一句话，在从句中作主语，故填which。
（3）考查副词。句意：幸运的是，多亏了亚马逊生产的一种电子阅读设备Kindle，从它出现以来我的阅读世界就得到了更新。结合句意可知，此处表示"幸运的是"，且用副词作状语修饰句子，首字母大写，故填Fortunately。
（4）考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：幸运的是，多亏了亚马逊生产的一种电子阅读设备Kindle，从它出现以来我的阅读世界就得到了更新。时间状语为since its appearance，句子用现在完成时，主语为my reading world，助动词用has，且与update之间是被动关系，故填has been updated。
（5）考查连词。句意：它的小机身有成年人的手那么大，可以储存大约2000本电子书，相当于大约10个图书馆书架的容量，因此节省了空间。结合句意可知，前后句子为因果关系，表示"因此"，故填so。
（6）考查动词不定式。句意：为了保护读者的视力，为他们提供更好的阅读体验，Kindle采用了电子墨水屏幕作为显示屏。aim to do表示"为了做某事"。故填to protect。
（7）考查形容词性物主代词。句意：为了保护读者的视力，为他们提供更好的阅读体验，Kindle采用了电子墨水屏幕作为显示屏。此处用形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词display，故填its。
（8）考查主语从句。句意：除此之外，给我印象最深的是它对语言学习者很友好。此处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示"给我印象深刻的事物"，故填what。
（9）考查冠词。句意：它包含适用于各种语言的内置词典，你只需按下几秒钟就可以很容易地获得单词的含义。a wide range of表示"各种各样的"，符合句意，故填a。
（10）考查可数名词的单数。句意：现在我用得越多，就越意识到它真的是纸质书和智能手机的好替代品。结合句意和a可知，此处用名词的单数形式，故填replacement。
本文为记叙文，主要讲述了作者通过自己的经历，谈论了电子阅读设备Kindle的优点。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
38.【答案】Dear schoolmates，
Nowadays，an increasing number of animals are close to extinction.Now I am writing to appeal for your cooperation in conservation of creatures in the world.（写信目的）
As we know from this year's International Day for Biological Diversity，there are ten rare plants appearing endangered altogether.【高分句型一】The key reason for the extinction is that we human beings are always polluting too much and over destroying forests for fuel.【高分句型二】To save the world's creatures，we should do our bit to advertise low-carbon life and try to avoid giving out gas and littering around.（分析原因并提出措施）
Here，we sincerely advocate that we go to school on foot or by bike as much as possible every day.Furthermore，we had better make sure those who are ignorant of International Day for Biological Diversity are informed of the danger of creatures' extinction.（发出呼吁）
Yours， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一
As we know from this year's International Day for Biological Diversity，there are ten rare plants appearing endangered altogether.
翻译：从今年的国际生物多样性日我们知道，共有十种珍稀植物濒临灭绝。
分析：句子里，关系词As引导非限制性定语从句we know from this year's International Day for Biological Diversity。
高分句型二
The key reason for the extinction is that we human beings are always polluting too much and over destroying forests for fuel.
翻译：灭绝的关键原因是我们人类制造的污染太多，同时过度砍伐森林作为燃料。
分析：句子里，that引导表语从句we human beings are always polluting too much and over destroying forests for fuel。
此类作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
39.【答案】Suddenly，a black-and-white ball shot over the hill and hit the bigger of the two dogs.It was our Oreo who，seeing us in danger，bravely dived down the hill and bravely charged towards the fierce dogs.【高分句型一】The bigger dog was thrown to the ground，and the other dog was also stunned by Oreo.The fallen dog struggled to stand up.They immediately backed away and were still barking at us.Gary held the stick to scare them.Oreo courageously pursued，and they obediently ran away with their tails between them.We were very grateful to Oreo for protecting us in times of danger.Coming down from the tree，Alec warmly hugged Oreo.【高分句型二】（Oreo帮助Gary击退恶狗，作者一家非常感谢Oreo）
【解析】本文为记叙文。讲述了一只狗来到作者家，作者小儿子Alec爱上这只狗，给狗起名叫Oreo。作者一次和丈夫Gary带着儿子Alec和Oreo去山野劳动，遇到两只陌生的恶狗，要攻击他们。这时Oreo从山上冲下来，战败恶狗的故事。
高分句型一：It was our Oreo who，seeing us in danger，bravely dived down the hill and bravely charged towards the fierce dogs.
译文：是我们的奥利奥看到我们处于危险之中，勇敢地跳下山坡，勇敢地冲向凶猛的狗。
分析：这句话使用了强调句。
高分句型二：Coming down from the tree，Alec warmly hugged Oreo.
译文：亚历克从树上下来，热情地拥抱着奥利奥。
分析：这句话使用了现在分词短语Coming down from the tree作状语。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
2022-2023学年江苏省徐州市高一（下）期中英语试卷
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
第I卷（选择题）
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
April 20 marks United Nations Chinese Language Day.Our magazine has invited three Chinese learners to share stories of their studies!
Mike Fuksman，US：Learning Chinese brings me joy
One thing that I really appreciate about Chinese is that it is usually quite direct and literal.When you break each word down into its individual characters，they make sense together."Elevator"is dianti—translated character by character，it means "electric stairs".It's pretty straightforward（直接的）.
Then again，there are plenty of odd words，such as dongxi，which means"things".If you translate each part individually，it means"east west".
Alex Tani，UK：Learning Chinese can be enjoyable
For me Chinese had been a subject that could make the classroom deadly silent because how difficult it was to learn.But when I arrived in China in 2021，I found that learning the language could be enjoyable.
As a language lover，I would try to chat with locals in Chinese，sharing details about our daily lives.Sometimes we would also go to KTV together，where the vibe（氛围） was completely different from that of a classroom.The music and language learning flowed with ease.
Jennifer Holstein，US：Learning Chinese changed my life path
We stayed in school for 14 hours each day and attended listening，speaking，reading and writing classes.Even gym and music classes were in Mandarin（普通话）.The process was challenging but I learned Mandarin quite well.In turn，opportunities started presenting themselves everywhere.Everyone wanted me to work for them.At that moment，I knew my effort was worth it.
1. What does Fuksman appreciate about Chinese？ ______
A. Its straightforwardness. B. Its long history.
C. The way it is pronounced. D. The way it is written and read.
2. Which contributes to a more efficient and relaxing language learning？ ______
A. A reliable language learning project.
B. Going to a KTV.
C. A good language learning environment.
D. A strict language teacher.
3. What does learning Chinese mean to Holstein？ ______
A. It's a long and boring journey.
B. It's a lifetime task.
C. It opens the door to job opportunities.
D. It's an interesting game.
B
It was the day before Thanksgiving，and on the streets of New York City，people rushed about to prepare for the holiday.Among them was a man named Stuffy Pete，who was known for his big appetite.
As Stuffy Pete made his way down the street，he met another man，a well-dressed gentleman named Horace.Horace offered to treat Stuffy Pete to a Thanksgiving dinner at Delmonico's，a fancy restaurant in the city.Stuffy Pete eagerly accepted，and the two men set off for the restaurant.On the way，Horace told Stuffy Pete about his own Thanksgiving tradition：every year，he visited the Tombs，a prison in the city，to bring a meal to a man named"Red"McGee.
When they arrived at Delmonico's，Stuffy Pete had a great meal，while Horace ate only a small portion（一份） of soup.Afterward，they set off for the Tombs，where they were searched and admitted to the prison.There，they found"Red"McGee，who was surprised to see Horace.Horace explained that he had brought a Thanksgiving dinner for him，but "Red"McGee was ungrateful and insulting.
As they left the prison，Stuffy Pete was confused by Horace's kindness to a man who showed no gratitude.Horace explained that he had once been like"Red"McGee，but had been given a second chance by someone who showed him kindness.
The two men parted ways，and Stuffy Pete walked home feeling grateful for his own life and the kindness of strangers.
4. What is Horace's Thanksgiving tradition？ ______
A. Going shopping in a market.
B. Hosting a large dinner party.
C. Volunteering at a homeless shelter.
D. Visiting a prison to bring a man a meal.
5. The underlined word " insulting " in paragraph 3 means ______ .
A. impolite B. impatient C. helpless D. proud
6. What can we infer from this passage？ ______
A. Stuff Pete was pleased to help Horace in Thanksgiving.
B. Horace was helped by someone who gave him kindness.
C. Stuff Pete will receive help from Horace in each Thanksgiving.
D. Treating a prisoner is a tradition for Pete and Horace every Thanksgiving.
7. What can be a suitable title for the passage？ ______
A. Delivery of kindness B. A man with big appetite
C. Kindness to a prisoner D. Gratitude to hardship
C
As the world sees more and more extreme weather patterns，it's becoming increasingly difficult to ignore the effects of climate change.It is now a common topic of discussion and it has even found its way into the books we read.Because of this，a genre（类型） called climate fiction，or cli-fi，has found new life.
The term"cli-fi"was first used in 2007 by US climate activist and writer Dan Bloom.As the name suggests，climate fiction refers to stories with a central theme of climate change or global warming.These kinds of books can help us imagine what the world might be like in the future because of major climate change events.
Adeline Johns-Putra is a professor of literature at Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University in Suzhou and has edited many books on climate fiction."It's part of a pattern，"Johns～Putra told Smithsonian Magazine."It's a feedback loop（环），as these books feed into our awareness and that feeds into our demand to read these books."
The genre is also gaining popularity with high school and college students because it looks at topics that are relevant to what's really happening today.Also，many cli-fi novels tend to have dystopian（反乌托邦的） themes，which are very popular in young adult novels.
In 2015，cli-fi author Sarah Holding wrote for The Guardian that cli-fi"reconnects young readers with their environment"，which helps them appreciate it more，"especially when today，a large amount of their time is spent in the virtual world".
Cli-fi has also helped to inspire students to pursue science majors，with some universities even offering courses specifically focusing on climate fiction.
"These books aren't going to save the world in any straight form or way，"Johns-Putra commented."But they're certainly going to help us think about how the world gets saved."
As Atwood wrote in her dystopian cli-fi novel MaddAddam，"People need such stories，because however dark，a darkness with voices in it is better than a silent void（空间）."
8. What is cli-fi？ ______
A. Stories about country life. B. Stories with dystopian themes.
C. Stories about the future. D. Stories about climate change.
9. What effect does cli-fi have on young students？ ______
A. It raises their awareness of the real world.
B. It encourages them to write their own cli-fi.
C. It teaches them to appreciate what they have.
D. It makes them more interested in the virtual world.
10. What does Atwood think of cli-fi？ ______
A. They are too dark for people.
B. They tend to make people feel empty.
C. They should involve different voices.
D. They can get people to think about their reality.
11. What is the author's main purpose in writing the article？ ______
A. To introduce a genre of fiction.
B. To warn readers of future climate crises.
C. To introduce a famous US climate activist.
D. To inspire students to choose science majors.
D
Earthquake forecasting is one of the most ancient skills known to mankind.From ancient Greece to the present day，countless scientists have tried to develop tools to predict earthquakes.Their attempts usually focused on searching for reliable evidences of coming quakes.
However，there are many reasons why predicting quakes is so hard."We don't understand some basic physics of earthquakes，"said Egill，a research professor at the California Institute of Technology.Scientists have also attempted to create mathematical models of movement，but precisely predicting would require great mapping and analysis of the Earth's crust（地壳）.Other challenges include a lack of data on the early warning signs，given that these warning signs are not yet entirely understood.Actually，real earthquake prediction is very similar to the diagnosis of potential human illnesses based on observing and analyzing each patient's signs and symptoms（症状）.As it turns out，quake prediction is extremely difficult.
Many sources show that earthquake forecasting was a recognized science in ancient Greece.Ancient Greeks lived very close to nature and were able to detect unusual phenomena and forecast earthquakes.The first known forecast was made by Pherecydes of Syros about 2500 years ago：he made it as he scooped water from a well and noticed that usually very clean water had suddenly become muddy.Indeed，an earthquake occurred two days later，making Pherecydes famous.Nowadays，seismic（地震的） and remote-sensing methods are considered to have the greatest potential in terms of solving the earthquake prediction problem.
Currently，Terra Seismic can identify a forthcoming earthquake with a high level of confidence.Generally，Terra Seismic does not predict a quake if the earthquake's epicenter（震中） is located beyond a depth of 40 km.Fortunately，such quakes are almost always harmless，since quake's energy reduces before reaching the Earth's surface."Scientists have tried every possible method to try to predict earthquakes，"Bruneau said."Nobody has been able to crack it and make a believable prediction."
12. Why is earthquake forecasting so difficult？ ______
A. Some basic physics of earthquakes is unknown.
B. Data on early warning signs are fully understood.
C. Mapping and analysis of the Earth's crust are impossible.
D. Earthquake prediction is the same as the diagnosis of human illness.
13. Why does the author give the example of Pherecydes？ ______
A. To explain why Pherecydes was famous.
B. To explain Ancient Greeks lived very close to nature.
C. To show earthquake forecasting is a science with a long history.
D. To show remote-sensing methods are the best solution to earthquake prediction.
14. What does Bruneau mean in paragraph 4？ ______
A. Scientists have methods to predict earthquake.
B. Terra Seismic can predict an earthquake.
C. Some quakes are harmless if quake's energy is released.
D. Scientists have no reliable method to predict an earthquake.
15. What is the main idea of the passage？ ______
A. The reasons for earthquake forecasting.
B. The history of earthquake forecasting.
C. The methods of earthquake forecasting.
D. The future of earthquake forecasting.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
The 24 solar terms（节气） are part of the traditional Chinese calendar.The Chinese people divided a year into 24 parts based on the sun's position.（1） ______ They reflect the changes of the seasons，climate and phenology（生物气候学）.The Yellow River Basin in northern China is believed to be the cradle（摇篮）of the solar terms system.
Solar terms were instructions for agricultural production and people's daily lives.They mark things like seasons，temperature，precipitation（降水），growth of the crops and weather conditions.（2） ______
Most of the solar terms have rich social and cultural meanings.（3） ______ The "Pure Brightness"is also referred to as Tomb-Sweeping Day，when people pay respect to those they have lost.The tradition remains to today.（4） ______
The culture reflects the Chinese people's respect for nature and tradition，their unique understanding of the universe，their wisdom to live in harmony with nature.It is the youth of China who can best help carry on this significant part of our culture.（5） ______ Many young people have already been contributing their energy and strength to it.In fact，they have been living up to this challenge through artistic means.Many photos，essays and paintings have centered around the theme of the 24 solar terms.
A.Each part is called a solar term.
B.Many farmers still rely on the solar terms to work in the fields.
C.The sun's positions bring about many things related to human life.
D.For instance，during the"Start of Winter"，people eat dumplings.
E.Their creativity and consciousness can bring new life to ancient culture.
F.Their wisdom for life and nature made the solar terms system popular today.
G.This has long been a central element of life in China，and we must protect it.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
When Crystal was riding a bike to the local Wildlife Center last December，she was scheduled to go bird- watching.Just a mile into her walk，she saw a female（1） ______ near the water's edge.Crystal had worked at a wild bird rehabilitation（康复） center and（2） ______ that swans can be aggressive.But as she approached this one，it didn't（3） ______ .She was certain that the bird needed（4） ______ attention.Crystal put her jacket over the bird's head to keep it calm，（5） ______ picked it up and held it in her arms.And then a thought（6） ______ her；What should I do now？
Her best（7） ______ was the rehab center，but that was on the other side of town.How was she going to transport a17- pound swan on her（8） ______ all that way.Luckily，some（9） ______ driving by offered her，her bike and the swan a（n）（10） ______ to the rehab center.
Staff members at the rehab center（11） ______ that the swan might have lead（铅）poisoning.They got the swan back up on her feet.（12） ______ ，the swan had a bacterial infection.Two months after Crystal came to her（13） ______ ，she passed away.
It's a（n）（14） ______ ending，but the story shows just how far people are willing to go to（15） ______ animals.
21. A. bird-watcher B. swan C. passer-by D. duck
22. A. claimed B. guessed C. knew D. admitted
23. A. continue B. move C. leave D. wait
24. A. medical B. constant C. public D. normal
25. A. quickly B. bravely C. carefully D. proudly
26. A. stopped B. struck C. passed D. reminded
27. A. result B. support C. solution D. wish
28. A. bike B. seat C. feet D. back
29. A. doctors B. workers C. friends D. strangers
30. A. access B. call C. lift D. invitation
31. A. assumed B. determined C. denied D. examined
32. A. Sadly B. Gradually C. Accidentally D. Finally
33. A. help B. center C. rescue D. way
34. A. unexpected B. disappointing C. good D. natural
35. A. raise B. save C. respect D. change
第II卷（非选择题）
四、语法填空（本大题共2小题，共25.0分）
36. A strong earthquake（1） ______ （ occur） in south- eastern Turkey，near the Syrian border on Febuary 6th，（2） ______ （ follow） by numerous aftershocks.As a（3） ______ ， more than 37，000 people got（4） ______ （ injure） and thousands of buildings，hospitals，and schools crumbled in it，which worsen the（5） ______ （ poor） of the two countries.Rescue workers and local residents across the region（6） ______ （ desperate） searched through the urban remains in an attempt to find（7） ______ （ survive） buried beneath the rubble（瓦砾）.Chinese rescue teams helped save at least six people，including a pregnant woman and three children.The life supplies are（8） ______ （ limit） in the affected areas.The world must stand with the people of Turkey and Syria，and make all（9） ______ （ finance） and humanitarian assistance available to all who will be impacted by the potential disasters.For（10） ______ （ donate） in cash and materials to Turkiye and Syrian，please contact with below person who is Turkish citizen living in Shenzhen.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
37. Long long ago，as a bookworm，I used to be a hard copy addict and was resolutely（坚决地） against the e-book.But as COVID-19 spreads across the whole world，it has been（1） ______ （ hard） for me to get access to new paper books，（2） ______ made me really frustrated.（3） ______ （ fortunate），thanks to Kindle，a kind of electronic reading device produced by Amazon，my reading world（4） ______ （ update） since its appearance.With a size of an adult's hand，its small body can store about 2，000 e-books，which is equal to the capacity of around 10 library book shelves，（5） ______ it's space- saving.Aiming（6） ______ （ protect） the book readers' eyesight and provide them with better reading experience，Kindle adopts an e-ink screen for （7） ______ （ it） display.On top of that，（8） ______ impresses me most is that it is language- learner- friendly.It contains built- in dictionaries for（9） ______ wide range of languages，and you can easily get a word's meaning by pressing it for a few seconds.Now the more I use it，the more I come to realize that it is really a good（10） ______ （ replace） for paper books and smart phones.
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共30.0分）
38. 目前世界上许多珍稀动物濒临灭绝，假如你是Li Hua，请你给校英文报写一封倡议信，呼吁大家保护动物，爱护环境。
内容包括：
（1）写信目的；
（2）分析原因；
（3）提出措施。
注意：
（1）80词左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（3）开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总数。
Dear schoolmates，
Nowadays，an increasing number of animals are close to extinction.
Yours， Li Hua
39. When we lived on a farm，a black-and-white Border Collie mix showed up at our gate one day.My young son Alec fell in love with this dog instantly，and within an hour，he had named him Oreo.
Within a day，I could see how he would make a house in a mess.The great outdoors itself barely seemed enough space for him to run.When he was let out of his fence，he became a mass of black-and-white fur rushing all over the place at breakneck speed.He never seemed to be tired of running，of jumping on people，or of barking.His high energy was entertaining，but also wearing（令人疲惫的）.So it was usually my husband Gary's job to leash（栓链子） him up for walks.
One day in late summer，Gary，Alec，and I walked with Oreo to the edge of the field and loosed the leash.He took off on his normal run across the juicy，green fields and soon disappeared over the top of a hill.My family walked on the path along the fence at a much slower pace，looking for four-leafed clovers（四叶草） when suddenly we heard barking behind us.
We turned to see two unfamiliar dogs speeding toward us，and they did not look friendly.Ears back，teeth bared，they flew toward us over the dirt path.Gary pushed Alec and me toward a tree with some low-hanging branches."Get Alec in the tree，"he ordered as he picked up a heavy stick.Heart pounding，I lifted Alec onto a branch，and Gary squared off（摆好架势） to face the attacking dogs and give us time to get into the tree.
注意：
（1）所续写短文的词数应为80词左右；
（2）续写部分为一段，开头语已为你写好。
Suddenly，a black-and-white ball shot over the hill and hit the bigger of the two dogs.
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】A、C、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一节Mike Fuksman，US：Learning Chinese brings me joy部分的One thing that I really appreciate about Chinese is that it is usually quite direct and literal.（我真正欣赏中文的一点是，它通常是非常直接和字面的。）可知，Fuksman欣赏中文的直率，故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二节Alex Tani，UK：Learning Chinese can be enjoyable部分的Sometimes we would also go to KTV together，where the vibe（氛围） was completely different from that of a classroom.The music and language learning flowed with ease.（有时我们也会一起去KTV，那里的氛围与教室完全不同。音乐和语言学习顺利进行。）可知，良好的语言学习环境有助于更有效、更轻松的语言学习，故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三节Jennifer Holstein，US：Learning Chinese changed my life path部分的In turn，opportunities started presenting themselves everywhere.Everyone wanted me to work for them.（反过来，机会开始到处出现。每个人都想让我为他们工作。）可知，学习中文为Holstein打开了工作机会的大门，故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三位中文学习者所分享的学习故事。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4~7.【答案】D、A、B、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中On the way，Horace told Stuffy Pete about his own Thanksgiving tradition：every year，he visited the Tombs，a prison in the city，to bring a meal to a man named"Red"McGee. （在路上，Horace告诉Stuffy Pete关于他自己的感恩节传统：每年，他都会去坟墓，一个城市里的监狱，给一个叫" Red"McGee 的人带一顿饭。）可知，Horace的感恩节传统是去监狱给一个人送饭。故选D。
（2）词句猜测题。划线词句后文As they left the prison，Stuffy Pete was confused by Horace's kindness to a man who showed no gratitude.Horace explained that he had once been like"Red"McGee，but had been given a second chance by someone who showed him kindness. （当他们离开监狱时，斯塔菲皮特被霍拉斯对一个毫无感激之情的人的善意弄糊涂了。贺拉斯解释说，他曾经像"红"麦基一样，但是有人给了他第二次机会，对他表示友好。）说明那人毫无感激之情，结合划线词句本句中ungrateful （不领情的），从而推知Horace explained that he had brought a Thanksgiving dinner for him，but "Red"McGee was ungrateful and insulting. （Horace解释说，他给他带了一顿感恩节晚餐，但'Red' McGee不领情，而且insulting。 ）其中划线词汇应为"不礼貌"的意思，和"不领情"并列。A.impolite不礼貌的；B.impatient不耐烦的；C.helpless无助的；D.proud骄傲的。故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Horace explained that he had once been like"Red"McGee，but had been given a second chance by someone who showed him kindness. （Horace解释说，他曾经像'Red" McGee样，但有人对他很好，给了他第二次机会。）可知，Horace得到过好心人的帮助。故选B。
（4）标题判断题。通读全文，根据倒数第二段As they left the prison，Stuffy Pete was confused by Horace's kindness to a man who showed no gratitude.Horace explained that he had once been like"Red"McGee，but had been given a second chance by someone who showed him kindness. （当他们离开监狱时，Horace对一个毫无感激之情的人的普意让Stuffy Pete感到困惑。Horace解释说，他曾经像'Red' McGee样，但有人对他很好，给了他第二次机会。 ）可知，本文讲述了Horace因曾经得到过好心人的帮助，而好心地去帮助需要帮助的人的爱心传递故事。可知A.Delivery of kindness"爱心传递"符合主题，故选A。
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Horace因曾经得到过好心人的帮助，而好心地去帮助需要帮助的人的爱心传递故事。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
8~11.【答案】D、A、D、B
【解析】（1）词义指代题。根据第一段As the world sees more and more extreme weather patterns，it's becoming increasingly difficult to ignore the effects of climate change.It is now a common topic of discussion and it has even found its way into the books we read.Because of this，a genre（类型）called climate fiction，or cli-fi，has found new life.（随着世界目睹越来越多的极端天气模式，人们越来越难以忽视气候变化的影响。它现在是一个常见的讨论话题，甚至在我们读的书中也找到了它的方式。正因为如此，一种被称为气候小说或气候变化小说的流派获得了新生）可知，cli-fi指代的是关于气候变化的故事。A.Stories about country life.关于乡村生活的故事；B.Stories with dystopian themes.反乌托邦主题的故事；C.Stories about the future.关于未来的故事；D.Stories about climate change.关于气候变化的故事。故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据第五段中The genre is also gaining popularity with high school and college students because it is relevant to what's really happening today.（这一题材在高中生和大学生中也越来越受欢迎，因为它与当今真实发生的事情有关）可知，cli-fi提高了年轻学生对现实世界的认识。故选A。
（3）观点态度题。根据倒数第二段的"These books aren't going to save the world in any straight form or way，" Johns-Putra commented. "But they're certainly going to help us think about how the world gets saved.（这些书不会以任何直接的形式或方式拯救世界，"Johns-Putra评论道。"但它们肯定会帮助我们思考如何拯救世界。）及"最后一段As Atwood wrote in her dystopian cli-fi novel MaddAddam， "People need such stories，because however dark，a darkness with voices in it is better than a silent void（空间）."（Atwood在她的反乌托邦气候变化小说《马达亚当斯》中写道："人们需要这样的故事，因为无论多么黑暗，有声音的黑暗总比寂静的空虚好。"）可知，Atwood认为cli-fi可以让人们思考他们面对的现实。故选D。
（4）写作意图题。根据第三段As the name suggests，climate fiction refers to stories with a central theme of climate change or global warming.These kinds of books can help us imagine what the world might be like in the future because of major climate change events.（顾名思义，气候小说是指以气候变化或全球变暖为中心主题的小说。这类书籍可以帮助我们想象由于重大气候变化事件，未来的世界会是什么样子）可知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是警告读者未来的气候危机。A.To introduce a genre of fiction.介绍一种小说类型；B.To warn readers of future climate crises.警告读者未来的气候危机；C.To introduce a famous US climate activist.介绍一位著名的美国气候活动家；D.To inspire students to choose science majors.来激励学生选择理科专业。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。随着世界目睹越来越多的极端天气模式，人们越来越难以忽视气候变化的影响。它现在是一个常见的讨论话题，甚至在我们读的书中也找到了它的方式。正因为如此，一种被称为气候小说或气候变化小说的流派获得了新生。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
12~15.【答案】A、C、D、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段However，there are many reasons why predicting quakes is so hard."We don't understand some basic physics of earthquakes，"said Egill，a research professor at the California Institute of Technology.（然而，预测地震如此困难的原因有很多。"我们不了解地震的一些基本物理原理，"加州理工学院的研究教授Egill说。）可知，地震预报如此困难是因为地震的一些基本物理原理尚不清楚。故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段Many sources show that earthquake forecasting was a recognized science in ancient Greece.Ancient Greeks lived very close to nature and were able to detect unusual phenomena and forecast earthquakes.The first known forecast was made by Pherecydes of Syros about 2500 years ago：he made it as he scooped water from a well and noticed that usually very clean water had suddenly become muddy.Indeed，an earthquake occurred two days later，making Pherecydes famous.（许多资料表明，地震预报在古希腊是一门公认的科学。古希腊人生活在与自然非常接近的地方，他们能够探测到不寻常的现象并预测地震。已知的第一个预测是在2500年前由Syros的Pherecydes做出的：当他从一口井里舀水时，他注意到通常非常干净的水突然变得泥泞。事实上，两天后发生了地震，Pherecydes因此而出名。）可知，作者举Pherecydes的例子是为了表明地震预报是一门历史悠久的科学，故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据第四段Scientists have tried every possible method to try to predict earthquakes，"Bruneau said."Nobody has been able to crack it and make a believable prediction."（Bruneau说："科学家们已经尝试了所有可能的方法来预测地震。没有人能够破解它，做出可信的预测。"）可知，Bruneau在第4段中的意思是科学家没有可靠的方法来预测地震，故选D。
（4）主旨大意题。根据第一段Earthquake forecasting is one of the most ancient skills known to mankind.From ancient Greece to the present day，countless scientists have tried to develop tools to predict earthquakes.Their attempts usually focused on searching for reliable evidences of coming quakes.（地震预报是人类已知的最古老的技能之一。从古希腊到现在，无数的科学家试图开发预测地震的工具。他们的努力通常集中在寻找即将发生地震的可靠证据上。）可知，文章主要说明了地震预报是古老的技能，解释了地震预报困难的原因以及地震预报的历史和方法等。可知，这篇文章的主旨是地震预报方法，C.The methods of earthquake forecasting.（地震预报方法。）符合文意，故选C。
本文是一篇说明文，主要说明了地震预报是古老的技能，解释了地震预报困难的原因以及地震预报的历史和方法等。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
16~20.【答案】A、B、D、G、E
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前句The Chinese people divided a year into 24 parts based on the sun's position（中国人根据太阳的位置将一年分为24个部分），可知表示"每一部分都被称为一个节气"的选项A可以承接前文将一年分为24个部分的语境，24 parts是关键词，故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据前句Solar terms were instructions for agricultural production and people's daily lives.They mark things like seasons，temperature，precipitation（降水），growth of the crops and weather conditions（节气是农业生产和人们日常生活的指示。它们标志着季节、温度、降水，作物的生长和天气条件等），可知表示"许多农民仍然按照节气在田里干活"的选项B符合前后介绍人们根据节气从事农业生产的语境，agricultural production是关键词，故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据前句Most of the solar terms have rich social and cultural meanings（大多数节气都具有丰富的社会和文化意义），可知表示"例如，在'立冬'期间，人们吃饺子"的选项D符合前后介绍节气的社会和文化意义的语境，social and cultural meanings是关键词，故选D。
（4）推理判断题。根据前句The "Pure Brightness"is also referred to as Tomb-Sweeping Day，when people pay respect to those they have lost.The tradition remains to today（清明节也被称为清明节，人们在清明节向逝去的人致敬。这一传统一直延续到今天）；以及后文The culture reflects the Chinese people's respect for nature and tradition，their unique understanding of the universe，their wisdom to live in harmony with nature（中国文化反映了中国人民对自然和传统的尊重，他们对宇宙的独特理解，他们与自然和谐相处的智慧），可知表示"长期以来，这一直是中国生活的核心元素，我们必须保护它"的选项G符合前后介绍二十四节气意义的语境，故选G。
（5）推理判断题。根据前句It is the youth of China who can best help carry on this significant part of our culture（中国的年轻人最能帮助我们传承这一重要文化），可知表示"他们的创造力和意识可以给古老的文化带来新的生命"的选项E符合前后介绍中国年轻人传承这一重要文化的语境，the youth of China是关键词，故选E。
这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了中国传统历法的二十四节气。
这个题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。所以懂得整篇文章的基本结构或段落的语篇结构对解题很有帮助。
21~35.【答案】B、C、B、A、C、B、C、A、D、C、B、A、C、B、B
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.bird-watcher鸟类观察者；B.swan天鹅；C.passer-by过路人；D.duck鸭子。句意：走了一英里后，她在水边看到了一只雌天鹅。根据下文"…that swans can be aggressive" 可知，她知道天鹅是有攻击性的，由此可知，她在水边看到了一只雌天鹅。故选B。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.claimed声称；B.guessed猜测；C.knew知道；D.admitted承认。句意：Crystal曾在一家野生鸟类康复中心工作，她知道天鹅可能具有攻击性。根据句中"Crystal had worked at a wild bird rehab （康复）center"可知，她曾在一家野生鸟类康复中心工作，由此可知，她对野生鸟类有一些了解，知道天鹅可能具有攻击性。故选C。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.continue持续；B.move移动；C.leave离开；D.wait等待。句意：但这次当她靠近时，它没有移动。上文swans can be aggressive 提到天鹅可能具有攻击性，再根据句中转折连词"But"可知，本以为天鹅可能具有攻击性，但这次当她靠近时，天鹅却没有移动。故选B。
（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.medical医疗的；B.constant不断的；C.public公众的；D.normal正常的。句意：她确信这只鸟需要医疗护理。根据下文"Crystal put her jacket over the bird's head to keep it calm" 和"the swan might have lead （铅） poisoning"可知，她把夹克放在鸟的头上，让它保持冷静，并且下文提到这只天鹅是铅中毒，由此可知，她确信这只鸟需要医疗护理。故选A。
（5）考查副词及语境理解。A.quickly迅速地；B.bravely勇敢地；C.carefully小心地；D.proudly骄傲地。句意：Crystal把夹克套在鸟的头上，让它保持冷静，小心地把它捡起来，抱在怀里。根据下文the swan might have lead （铅）poisoning可知，这只天鹅可能是铅中毒，需要医疗护理，健康状况不好，由此可知，她是小心地把它捡起来，怕弄伤它。故选C。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.stopped停止；B.struck突然想到；C.passed通过；D.reminded提醒。句意：然后她突然想到：我现在该做什么？根据句中"What should I do now ？"可知，"我现在该做什么？"是她突然想到的问题。故选B。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.result结果；B.support支持；C.solution 解决办法；D.wish愿望。句意：她最好的解决办法是去康复中心，但那是在镇的另一边。根据上文She was certain that the bird needed （4）attention可知，天鹅的健康状况不好，由此可知，去康复中心是这种情况下最好的解决办法。故选C。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.bike自行车；B.seat座位；C.feet脚；D.back背部。句意：她怎么能一路骑着自行车去运送一只17磅重的天鹅呢？根据上文"When Crystalwas biking to the local Wildlife Refuge last November" 中的"biking"可知，她是骑车前往野生动物保护区的，由此可知，句中指骑着自行车去运送一只17磅重的天鹅。故选A。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.doctors医生；B.workers工人；C.friends朋友；D.strangers陌生人。句意：幸运的是，一些路过的陌生人让她、她的自行车和天鹅搭便车去康复中心。根据上文内容和句中"driving by" 可知，她是独自一人去野生动物保护区的，由此可知，是路过的陌生人给予她帮助。故选D。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.access通道；B.call通话，需求；C.lift搭便车；D.invitation邀请。句意：幸运的是，一些路过的陌生人让她、她的自行车和天鹅搭便车去康复中心。根据句中"driving by" 可知，陌生人是开车行驶的，由此可知，陌生人让她、她的自行车和天鹅搭便车去了康复中心，"offer...a lift" 意为"让……搭便车"。故选C。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.assumed假设；B.determined查明，确定；C.denied 否定；D.examined检查。句意：康复中心的工作人员确定天鹅可能是铅中毒。根据句中"lead poisoning" 可知，句中指康复中心的工作人员经过检查，确定天鹅可能是铅中毒。故选B。
（12）考查副词及语境理解。A.Sadly不幸地；B.Gradually逐渐地；C.Accidentally意外地；D.Finally最后。句意：不幸的是，天鹅受到了细菌感染。根据句中"the swan had a bacterial infection" 和下文"she passed away" 可知，天鹅受到了细菌感染，死去了，由此可知，这是不幸的。故选A。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.help帮助；B.center中心；C.rescue救援；D.way方法。句意：在Crystal救了她两个月后，她去世了。根据上文Crystalput her jacket over the bird's head to keep it calm 可知，是Crystal救了天鹅，由此可知，句中指在Crystal救了天鹅两个月后，天鹅去世了，"come to one's rescue" 意为"救援某人"。故选C。
（14）考查形容词及语境理解。A.unexpected出乎意料的；B.disappointing令人失望的；C.good好的；D.natural自然的。句意：这是一个令人失望的结局，但这个故事显示了人们在拯救动物方面的意愿。根据上文Two months after Crystal came to her （13），she passed away. 可知，天鹅受到了细菌感染，死去了，由此可知，这是一个令人失望的结局。故选B。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.raise举起；B.save拯救；C.respect尊敬；D.change改变。句意：这是一个令人失望的结局，但这个故事显示了人们在拯救动物方面的意愿。根据文章内容可知，文章主要讲述的是主人公拯救一只哭鹅的故事，由此可知，这个故事显示了人们在拯救动物方面的意愿。故选B。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是主人公拯救一只天鹅的故事，虽然最后天鹅仍然死去了，但这个故事显示了人们在拯救动物方面的意愿。
完形填空题的解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
36.【答案】【小题1】occurred
【小题2】followed
【小题3】result
【小题4】injured
【小题5】poverty
【小题6】desperately
【小题7】survivors
【小题8】limited
【小题9】financial
【小题10】donations
【解析】（1）考查动词时态。句意：2月6日，土耳其东南部靠近叙利亚边境的地方发生强烈地震，随后发生多次余震。结合句意可知，此处在讲述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，故填occurred。
（2）考查过去分词。句意：2月6日，土耳其东南部靠近叙利亚边境的地方发生强烈地震，随后发生多次余震。句中已有谓语动词occurred，此处为非谓语动词作状语，A strong earthquake与follow之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，故填followed。
（3）考查固定短语。句意：结果，37000多人受伤，数千栋建筑、医院和学校倒塌，加剧了两国的贫困。as a result表示"结果是"，符合句意，故填result。
（4）考查形容词。句意：结果，37000多人受伤，数千栋建筑、医院和学校倒塌，加剧了两国的贫困。此处用形容词作got的表语，修饰主语more than 37，000 people，表示"受伤的"，故填injured。
（5）考查不可数名词。句意：结果，37000多人受伤，数千栋建筑、医院和学校倒塌，加剧了两国的贫困。结合句意和the可知，此处用名词形式，表示"贫困"，为不可数名词，故填poverty。
（6）考查副词。句意：救援人员和该地区的当地居民在城市废墟中拼命搜寻，试图找到被埋在废墟下的幸存者。此处用副词作状语修饰动词searched，故填desperately。
（7）考查可数名词的复数。句意：救援人员和该地区的当地居民在城市废墟中拼命搜寻，试图找到被埋在废墟下的幸存者。此处用名词作find的宾语，表示"幸存者"，且应用名词的复数形式表示泛指，故填survivors。
（8）考查形容词。句意：受影响地区的生活用品有限。此处用形容词作are的表语，表示"有限的"，故填limited。
（9）考查形容词。句意：世界必须与土耳其和叙利亚人民站在一起，向所有将受到潜在灾难影响的人提供一切财政和人道主义援助。此处用形容词作定语修饰名词assistance，故填financial。
（10）考查可数名词的复数。句意：如需向土耳其和叙利亚捐赠现金和物资，请与以下居住在深圳的土耳其公民联系。此处用名词作介词for的宾语，且表示泛指，故用名词的复数形式，故填donations。
本文为记叙文，主要讲述了2月6日，土耳其东南部靠近叙利亚边境的地方发生强烈地震。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】harder
【解析】（1）考查比较级。句意：但随着新冠肺炎在全世界的传播，我越来越难接触到新的纸质书籍，这让我非常沮丧。结合句意可知，此处表示"越来越难"，故用比较级，故填harder。
（2）考查定语从句。句意：但随着新冠肺炎在全世界的传播，我越来越难接触到新的纸质书籍，这让我非常沮丧。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面一句话，在从句中作主语，故填which。
（3）考查副词。句意：幸运的是，多亏了亚马逊生产的一种电子阅读设备Kindle，从它出现以来我的阅读世界就得到了更新。结合句意可知，此处表示"幸运的是"，且用副词作状语修饰句子，首字母大写，故填Fortunately。
（4）考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：幸运的是，多亏了亚马逊生产的一种电子阅读设备Kindle，从它出现以来我的阅读世界就得到了更新。时间状语为since its appearance，句子用现在完成时，主语为my reading world，助动词用has，且与update之间是被动关系，故填has been updated。
（5）考查连词。句意：它的小机身有成年人的手那么大，可以储存大约2000本电子书，相当于大约10个图书馆书架的容量，因此节省了空间。结合句意可知，前后句子为因果关系，表示"因此"，故填so。
（6）考查动词不定式。句意：为了保护读者的视力，为他们提供更好的阅读体验，Kindle采用了电子墨水屏幕作为显示屏。aim to do表示"为了做某事"。故填to protect。
（7）考查形容词性物主代词。句意：为了保护读者的视力，为他们提供更好的阅读体验，Kindle采用了电子墨水屏幕作为显示屏。此处用形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词display，故填its。
（8）考查主语从句。句意：除此之外，给我印象最深的是它对语言学习者很友好。此处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示"给我印象深刻的事物"，故填what。
（9）考查冠词。句意：它包含适用于各种语言的内置词典，你只需按下几秒钟就可以很容易地获得单词的含义。a wide range of表示"各种各样的"，符合句意，故填a。
（10）考查可数名词的单数。句意：现在我用得越多，就越意识到它真的是纸质书和智能手机的好替代品。结合句意和a可知，此处用名词的单数形式，故填replacement。
本文为记叙文，主要讲述了作者通过自己的经历，谈论了电子阅读设备Kindle的优点。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
38.【答案】Dear schoolmates，
Nowadays，an increasing number of animals are close to extinction.Now I am writing to appeal for your cooperation in conservation of creatures in the world.（写信目的）
As we know from this year's International Day for Biological Diversity，there are ten rare plants appearing endangered altogether.【高分句型一】The key reason for the extinction is that we human beings are always polluting too much and over destroying forests for fuel.【高分句型二】To save the world's creatures，we should do our bit to advertise low-carbon life and try to avoid giving out gas and littering around.（分析原因并提出措施）
Here，we sincerely advocate that we go to school on foot or by bike as much as possible every day.Furthermore，we had better make sure those who are ignorant of International Day for Biological Diversity are informed of the danger of creatures' extinction.（发出呼吁）
Yours， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一
As we know from this year's International Day for Biological Diversity，there are ten rare plants appearing endangered altogether.
翻译：从今年的国际生物多样性日我们知道，共有十种珍稀植物濒临灭绝。
分析：句子里，关系词As引导非限制性定语从句we know from this year's International Day for Biological Diversity。
高分句型二
The key reason for the extinction is that we human beings are always polluting too much and over destroying forests for fuel.
翻译：灭绝的关键原因是我们人类制造的污染太多，同时过度砍伐森林作为燃料。
分析：句子里，that引导表语从句we human beings are always polluting too much and over destroying forests for fuel。
此类作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
39.【答案】Suddenly，a black-and-white ball shot over the hill and hit the bigger of the two dogs.It was our Oreo who，seeing us in danger，bravely dived down the hill and bravely charged towards the fierce dogs.【高分句型一】The bigger dog was thrown to the ground，and the other dog was also stunned by Oreo.The fallen dog struggled to stand up.They immediately backed away and were still barking at us.Gary held the stick to scare them.Oreo courageously pursued，and they obediently ran away with their tails between them.We were very grateful to Oreo for protecting us in times of danger.Coming down from the tree，Alec warmly hugged Oreo.【高分句型二】（Oreo帮助Gary击退恶狗，作者一家非常感谢Oreo）
【解析】本文为记叙文。讲述了一只狗来到作者家，作者小儿子Alec爱上这只狗，给狗起名叫Oreo。作者一次和丈夫Gary带着儿子Alec和Oreo去山野劳动，遇到两只陌生的恶狗，要攻击他们。这时Oreo从山上冲下来，战败恶狗的故事。
高分句型一：It was our Oreo who，seeing us in danger，bravely dived down the hill and bravely charged towards the fierce dogs.
译文：是我们的奥利奥看到我们处于危险之中，勇敢地跳下山坡，勇敢地冲向凶猛的狗。
分析：这句话使用了强调句。
高分句型二：Coming down from the tree，Alec warmly hugged Oreo.
译文：亚历克从树上下来，热情地拥抱着奥利奥。
分析：这句话使用了现在分词短语Coming down from the tree作状语。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
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