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2023年广东省深圳中学石厦学校中考英语三模试卷-普通用卷
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这是一份2023年广东省深圳中学石厦学校中考英语三模试卷-普通用卷，共21页。试卷主要包含了完形填空，补全对话-填空，阅读理解，任务型阅读-多任务混合，阅读填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年广东省深圳中学石厦学校中考英语三模试卷
一、完形填空（本大题共10小题，共10.0分）
On March 17，Beijing made changes to the PE test in the 2023 high school entrance exam，or zhongkao：All students will get full scores as long as they take part in the exam.
Earlier this year，some cities such as Taiyuan（1） ______ the 1，000-meter and 800- meter runs.Other cities let students choose（2） ______ they wanted to do them in the exam.This is to make sure it's safe for students after recovering from COVID-19.
"Schools should put students' health and（3） ______ first and control exercise intensity （强度） according to their differences，" Zeng Wenxing from Zhuhai Education Bureau said in an interview.
At the same time，P.E.classes across China have also made some changes.Students are having（4） ______ activities such as dancing，fun games and sit-ups.This way they can improve their health slowly.What is your P.E.class like now？
Knowing your health condition
Xi'an Jingkai No.3 Middle School was going to have（5） ______ PE classes according to students' health conditions，P.E.teacher Liu Na told Huashang Daily.
"Students perform（6） ______ after recovering from COVID-19.Some would easily get tired，" Liu said. "So we（7） ______ on each student' s feelings.We also use wristbands （手环） to see students' heart rates for safety.
For the first several weeks，students mainly did exercises like stretching （拉伸） and（8） ______ .Then they did more difficult exercises little by little.
Less running required
"As a（9） ______ -grader，I'm also happy that I don't need to take the 1，000-meter run test for zhongkao.Most students welcome this new change.（10） ______ some who are really good at running are not happy because they won't have advantages anymore，" Liu added.
1. A. continued B. started C. cancelled D. paused
2. A. if B. that C. how D. why
3. A. study B. safety C. appearance D. success
4. A. more difficult B. better C. stronger D. easier
5. A. common B. personalized C. special D. active
6. A. differently B. perfectly C. immediately D. correctly
7. A. have a good effect B. keep a close eye
C. play a trick D. play a joke
8. A. boxing B. wrestling C. walking D. skiing
9. A. sixth B. seventh C. eighth D. ninth
10. A. But B. As C. Although D. So
二、补全对话-填空（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
11. Dinosaurs，mummies （木乃伊） and spaceships...you may only see these things in movies.（1） ______ .
A museum is a wonderful place.You can always find something new in different museums.（2） ______ .For example，how fast can a velociraptor （迅猛龙） run？（3） ______ .Or did you know Leonardo da Vinci was not only a great artist but also a great inventor？
（ 4） ______ You go home and look it up online or through books .Has this ever happened to you ？Museums help us learn outside of school .
What's interesting is that there's a museum for almost everything.There is a museum for cats，Teddy bears and even hair!（5） ______ You can always spare some time to visit it.
Does a trip to a museum sound fun to you？
A.But there are not many movies about museums.
B.And there's almost always one close by.
C.It helps open up your world.
D.How do astronauts land when they come back to Earth？
E.Many of you may come across something new in a museum.
F.But if you visit a museum，you may get to see them for real!
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
三、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共22.5分）
A
Wu Haoyuan works as a police officer in Sanlitun，Beijing.A Beijing police officer shares his work stories.
I like watching TV shows that tell police stories，like Ordinary Greatness （《警察荣誉》）.I respect the police since they keep us safe.
Zhang Yuchen，13，Ningbo
I've been working as a policeman for 12 years.I am now the leader of the crime-fighting team at the Sanlitun police station in Beijing.
Wu Haoyuan，33，Beijing
Zhang：What's a day for a police officer like？
Wu：We patrol （巡逻） every day.We sometimes wear plain clothes （便衣） and sometimes drive police cars.The sirens （警笛） on the cars let people know we are here to take care of them.Sanlitun is a busy place.We deal with 50 to 90 cases every day.Staying up late is part of the job.Every four days，each police officer here gets a 24-hour duty.If big events are taking place，we may stay at our police station for weeks without going back home.
Zhang：What kinds of cases do you usually get？
Wu：The Sanlitun police station has three teams-a community team，a crime-fighting team and a general command office.The community team usually deals with small fights or lost phones.The crime-fighting team takes care of more serious eases，while the office focuses on things like household registration （户籍登记）.
Zhang：If I'm not very strong or brave，can I still become a police officer？
Wu：Yes，you can.If you are physically strong，you may want to join the Special Weapons and Tactics （特警） team.If you're good at dealing with different people，you might be a good community police officer.If you're shy but careful，you can do office work.As for being brave，police officers are not always fearless.Even now，when I face dangerous people，I still get scared.But our sense of responsibility gives us the courage to keep going.
12. According to Wu，police officers ______
A. want others to care about them.
B. never wear daily clothes for work.
C. can't take part in big events.
D. often work late into the night.
13. What does a police officer from the community team usually do？ ______
A. Deal with really serious cases.
B. Stop small fights and find lost things.
C. Work on duty for 24 hours every two days.
D. Help with household registration.
14. What might the word "fearless" in the last paragraph mean？ ______
A. good at everything. B. not afraid of anything.
C. very careful. D. being a part of a team.
15. Xiaoming is full of strength and braveness，which position is suitable for him？ ______
A. A community police officer. B. An office worker.
C. An SWAT. D. A traffic policeman.
16. This passage is probably part of ______
A. a dialogue. B. a film review. C. news. D. a diary.
B
The COVID-19 pandemic has led many people to do more nature and outdoor activities such as playing frisbee，camping and skateboarding.Following this trend， "going to the mountains" has steadily grown in popularity among Chinese people.
Mountain-style outfits （穿搭），both functional and fashionable，first became popular in Japan as "yama" （ meaning "mountain" in Japanese ） clothes.Now such clothes have caught on in Chinese fashion as well.Colors such as green，khaki （卡其色） and gray are preferred as fashionistas （时尚达人） try to match tone-on-tone （同系配色的） clothing.
Chinese social media platform Xiaohongshu released a report on the country's top 10 lifestyle trends that showed young people from big cities preferred to join outdoor activities and wear outdoor outfits last year.
According to the online market platform Tmall，when the Singles' Day shopping spree （狂欢） started on Oct 31，2022，the sales of camping and climbing equipment jumped by 115 percent and 81.2 percent respectively during the first hour，compared with the same period in 2021.
"Chinese ski fans focus more on their ski outfits now，" Bai Yifan，a snowboarding influencer，said to China Daily.Bai often carefully chooses his skiing outfits and snowboard each time he sets off to a skiing place and shares photos of his ski costume with his online followers.He says "mountain-style" outfits have become popular among ski fans.
Besides those dressing up in the "mountain style" for practical outdoor activities like Bai，more Chinese youth are now following the style for everyday clothing.Jiang Wei，a Beijing-based fashion writer，told China Daily that Arc' teryx which used to be mainly popular among outdoor hobbyists has now become a trendy brand.Many fashion brands，including some global luxury （奢侈品） brands ，have released urban outdoor fashion lines.Prada，for example，launched an outdoor series in 2021 to follow the trend.
"'Mountain-style' outfits follow the trend that consumers want to get closer to nature，reflecting their pursuit of simplicity（简约），practicality and the natural world.The trend's popularity has led consumers to pay more attention to the natural environment and attach greater importance to healthy living，Jiang Shuai，manager of the e-commerce （电子商务） department of Toread，an outdoor clothing brand，told China Daily.
17. Which of the following words best describe mountain-style outfits？ ______
A. Simple and cheap. B. Light and soft.
C. Smart and formal. D. Cool and practical.
18. Why does the author mention the sales of camping and climbing equipment during the 2022 Singles' Day shopping spree？ ______
A. To inform readers of consumption trends.
B. To show the popularity of outdoor activities.
C. To prove people's love for online shopping.
D. To describe the spending power of consumers.
19. What is the second-to-last paragraph mainly about？ ______
A. The success of a popular brand.
B. The changes in global design concepts.
C. The reasons why the urban outdoor style is trending.
D. The effect mountain style has had on people's daily wear.
20. According to Jiang Shuai，what does the popularity of mountain-style outfits show？ ______
A. People are now more eager to enjoy nature.
B. People are pursuing adventurous lifestyles.
C. Nature is the inspiration for mountain-style outfits.
D. Mountain-style outfits make for a healthy life.
21. In which section of the newspapers can you find this passage？ ______
A. Fashion. B. Nature. C. History. D. Culture.
C
The science fiction movie The Wandering Earth I has been a hit since its release on Jan 22.The space elevators in the movie are quite impressive- elevator cars travel quickly between the cables that connect Earth' s surface and the space station.This device may not only be entirely fictional in the future.
Early in 1895 ，Russian scientist Konstantin Tsiolkovsky was inspired by the Eiffel Tower.He pointed out that if humans could build a tower high enough to reach space，people would be able to travel by space elevators.However，such a tower is impossible because no matter how large the base is，it would not be able to support the whole system.
Scientists thus considered the idea in a different way.There are satellites in Earth' s geosynchronous orbit （地球同步轨道） which is about 36 ，000 kilometers in altitude.They appear to be fixed in space and rotate （旋转） around Earth once per day because their speed is just right.According to Scientific American，scientists argued that if such a satellite were to drop cables toward Earth which were then fixed to its surface，the whole system would rotate along with the planet.The elevator could then travel through the tracks.
Now that the theory is sound，one of the challenges that stop engineers from building the elevators is the cables 'material.According to an article by the Institute of Physics，Chinese Academy of Sciences，a carbon nanotube（碳纳米管） made of carbon atoms （分子） might be the most viable material.A short tube that weighs 1.6 grams can hold more than 800 tons which is about the weight of 160 elephants.Since its discovery in 1991，scientists have been trying to create a tube that is as long as possible.However，the longest tube with a perfect structure was only about half a meter，developed by a team at Tsinghua University in 2013.
Why go through so much trouble？The benefits of space elevators are clear.For example，elevators require far less energy and money than rockets，currently the main transportation to space.Also，with space elevators，space missions would be more frequent- even become a routine.
22. Why is the movie The Wandering Earth II mentioned in paragraph 1？ ______
A. To show the popularity of the movie.
B. To voice the author's views on the movie.
C. To explain what makes the movie impressive.
D. To introduce the topic of space elevators.
23. What does the underlined phrase "the idea" in paragraph 3 refer to？ ______
A. Putting up a large base for a space tower.
B. Building a device for people to reach space.
C. Connecting satellites with Earth by cables.
D. Creating a system rotating along with Earth.
24. What is paragraph 4 mainly about？ ______
A. The discovery of the carbon nanotube.
B. The current application of carbon nanotubes.
C. The difficulty of developing long carbon nanotubes.
D. The advantages of carbon nanotubes as the cables' material.
25. What does the underlined word "viable" in paragraph 4 mean？ ______
A. valuable B. workable C. disable D. changeable
26. Which of the following is the best title for the article？ ______
A. Future is coming. B. How the space elevators work.
C. Future tech rises from fiction. D. What an amazing movie!
四、任务型阅读-多任务混合（本大题共1小题，共7.5分）
27.
（1） ______ Bella，one of the top students in her class，always gets up early and hopes to get better grades by working hard.
（2） ______ Vincent has joined a mountain climbing club.The club members will have a climbing trip next week and he will be the leader of the team.
（3） ______ Sally is an English teacher in our school.She always knows what's going on in her class，even when her students are passing notes behind her back.
（4） ______ Sam is a newcomer to a high school.He feels a little nervous in the classroom with a lot of strangers around him.
（5） ______ Victor's friends are taking a high-speed train to visit him.But his friends are late.He is now waiting for them at the station.
A.In many ball games，the most important person is the one who carries the ball.Such a person is the leader and he makes sure that a job gets done.
B.Birds feed on worms.A bird will go hungry if it cannot catch worms.The bird that gets up early is sure to get some food，so the early bird catches the worm.
C.Your feet become hot when you run.But when you are forced to sit in one place，your heels stay cool.When someone keeps you waiting，you can say he is cooling your heels.
D.Some people seem to know what's going on behind them，as if they had eyes in the back of their heads. "Eyes in the back of your head"describes the ability to notice everything happening around you.
E.You don't know what will happen if you wake up a sleeping dog in the street，so it would be much smarter to let sleeping dogs lie.
F.Fish live in water.A person who is in a strange or new environment may feel likea fish out of water.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
五、阅读填空（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
28. The Dujiangyan irrigation system in Chengdu is a world-famous system for managing water，It（1） ______ （build） in256 BC by Li Bing，a Qin State's engineer.At the time，it was one of the largest engineering（2） ______ （project） in the world.This wonder of engineering was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in the year 2000.
（ 3） ______ the Dujiangyan irrigation system was built，people who lived near the Min River often experienced terrible floods.Li Bing studied this problem carefully and came up with（4） ______ clever way to fix it.He decided to change the course of the river.
（ 5） ______ the help of his son，Li Bing built a system that controlled the flow of the river.The system reduced the water level in areas at risk of flooding.It also directed excess（额外的） water to farm fields（6） ______ needed it.By（7） ______ （control） the supply of water that reached crops，Li Bing created one of the world's（8） ______ （early） irrigation systems.
Up to now，the system（9） ______ （bring） wonderful benefits to the people of Chengdu.It not only stopped the floods，but also（10） ______ （great） increased food production on farms.For this reason，Chengdu has since become known as a "land of plenty".
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
29. 今天的英语课上，班级进行了题为"我送过的一份珍贵礼物，"的主题分享。请你写一篇英语短文，汇报你们四人小组的分享内容，需包括以下要点。
From
Bob
Kate
Lily
You
To
parents
good friend
foreign teacher
（请补充）
What
（请补充）
Why
thanks and love
friendship
culture
（请补充）
注意：词数：100词左右（短文的开头已给出，不计入词数）；
不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。
In today's English class，we had a discussion on ''A valuable gift I gave".Here is what we shared in our group.
答案和解析
1~10.【答案】C、A、B、D、B、A、B、C、D、A
【解析】（1）考查动词辨析。句意：今年早些时候，太原等一些城市取消了1000米和800米跑。continued继续；started开始；cancelled取消；paused暂停。根据上下文的大意可知，本文主要讲了不同的城市因为疫情影响，对体育中考进行了一些改革。考虑到不同学生的健康和安全，只有可能是取消体育考试，cancelled取消符合语境。故选C。
（2）考查连词辨析。句意：其他城市让学生自己选择是否参加考试。if是否；that无实际含义；how如何；why为什么。根据上文some cities such as Taiyuan cancelled the 1，000-meter and 800- meter runs.（太原等一些城市取消了1000米和800米跑。）及本句句意Other cities let students choose …they wanted to do them in the exam.（其他城市让学生选择…考试。）可知，太原等城市取消了考试，这里举例其他城市的做法，让学生自主选择参加还是不参加体育中考，表示一种选择关系，if是否符合语境。故选A。
（3）考查名词辨析。句意：学校应该把学生的健康和安全放在第一位，并根据他们的差异控制运动强度。study学习；safety安全；appearance外观；success成功。根据上文句意This is to make sure it's safe for students after recovering from COVID-19.（这是为了确保学生新冠康复后的安全。），结合选项safety安全符合语境。故选B。
（4）考查形容词辨析。句意：学生们正在进行更轻松的活动，如跳舞、有趣的游戏和仰卧起坐。more difficult更难的；better更好的；stronger更强的；easier更简单的。根据本句such as dancing，fun games and sit-ups（如跳舞、有趣的游戏和仰卧起坐）可知，这里提到的几项活动相对于1000米和800米跑都是相对轻松的，easier更简单的符合语境。故选D。
（5）考查形容词词辨析。句意：西安市经开第三中学体育老师刘娜在接受《华商报》采访时表示，该校将根据学生的健康状况开设个性化的体育课。common一般的；personalized个性化的；special特殊的；active积极的。根据本句中的 according to students' health conditions（根据学生的健康状况）可知，学生的状况不一样，体育课的内容也因此各不相同，所以是个性化的体育课。故选B。
（6）考查副词辨析。句意：新冠康复后，学生的表现不同。differently不同地；perfectly完美地；immediately立刻；correctly正确地。根据下文Some would easily get tired.（一些学生容易疲劳。）可知，一些人容易疲劳，一些人可能有其他的症状，所以学生的表现是不一样的，differently不同地符合语境。故选A。
（7）考查短语辨析。句意：所以我们密切关注每个学生的感受。have a good effect有良好的效果；keep a close eye密切关注；play a trick捉弄；play a joke开玩笑。根据下文We also use wristbands to see students' heart rates for safety.（为了安全起见，我们还使用手环来监测学生的心率。）可知，"我们"应该是非常关注学生，密切关注每个学生的感受。故选B。
（8）考查动名词辨析。句意：在最初的几周，学生们主要做拉伸和步行。boxing拳击；wrestling摔跤；walking步行；skiing滑雪。根据下文句意Then they did more difficult exercises little by little.（然后他们一点一点地做更难的练习。）可知，学生的活动强度是一点点增加的，一开始的活动强度低，类似于拉伸和散步之类的低强度运动。故选C。
（9）考查数词辨析。句意：作为一名九年级学生，我也很高兴我不需要参加中考的1000米跑测试。sixth第六的；seventh第七的；eighth第八的；ninth第九的。根据常识可知，参加中考的学生是九年级的学生。故选D。
（10）考查连词辨析。句意：但是一些真正擅长跑步的人并不高兴，因为他们不再有优势了。But但是；As随着；Although尽管；So所以。根据上文大意，有的学生因为不要参加体育中考而高兴以及本句some who are really good at running are not happy （一些真正擅长跑步的人不高兴）可知，前后文之间存在转折关系。故选A。
本文讲述了3月17日，北京对2023年中考的体育考试进行了修改以及其他城市在体育上的一些措施。
首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
11.【答案】【小题1】F
【小题2】C
【小题3】D
【小题4】E
【小题5】B
【解析】细节推理题。
（1）根据前句"Dinosaurs，mummies （木乃伊） and spaceships...you may only see these things in movies."（恐龙、木乃伊和宇宙飞船……你可能只会在电影里看到这些东西。）可知，此处介绍恐龙、木乃伊和宇宙飞船似乎只能在电影中看见，结合下文可知，在博物馆里也可以看见，选项F"但如果你去博物馆，你可能会亲眼看到它们！"符合语境，故选F。
（2）根据前句"A museum is a wonderful place.You can always find something new in different museums."（博物馆是个很棒的地方。你总能在不同的博物馆找到新的东西。）可知，说的是博物馆的好处，选项C"它有助于打开你的世界。"符合语境，故选C。
（3）根据前后句"For example，how fast can a velociraptor （迅猛龙） run？...Or did you know Leonardo da Vinci was not only a great artist but also a great inventor？"（例如，迅猛龙能跑多快？或者你知道列奥纳多•达•芬奇不仅是一位伟大的艺术家，还是一位伟大的发明家吗？）可知，这里都是举例，且都是疑问句，选项D"宇航员返回地球后如何着陆？"符合语境，故选D。
（4）根据后句"You go home and look it up online or through books.Has this ever happened to you？Museums help us learn outside of school."（你回家后在网上或书本上查找。这种情况发生在你身上吗？博物馆帮助我们在校外学习。）可知，博物馆帮助我们在校外学习。选项E"你们中的许多人可能会在博物馆里遇到一些新的东西。"符合语境，故选E。
（5）根据前句"What's interesting is that there's a museum for almost everything.There is a museum for cats，Teddy bears and even hair! "（有趣的是，几乎所有的东西都有一个博物馆。有一个关于猫、泰迪熊甚至头发的博物馆!）可知，有趣的是，几乎所有的东西都有一个博物馆，甚至有一个关于猫、泰迪熊甚至头发的博物馆，选项B"而且附近几乎总有一个。"符合语境，都是There be句型，故选B。
本文主要介绍了在博物馆可以看到很多东西，建议大家去博物馆参观。
做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
12~16.【答案】D、B、B、C、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Staying up late is part of the job.（熬夜是工作的一部分。）可知，警察经常要工作到深夜。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段The community team usually deals with small fights or lost phones.（社区警队的通常处理小的争吵或丢失的手机。）可知，社区警队的警察负责处理小的争吵或寻找丢失的东西。故选B。
（3）词义猜测题。根据划线词后句Even now，when I face dangerous people，I still get scared.（即使是现在，当我面对危险的人时，我仍然会害怕。）可知，警察并不总是无所畏惧的。所以划线词意为"无畏的"，即什么都不怕。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段If you are physically strong，you may want to join the Special Weapons and Tactics（特警）team.（如果你身体强壮，你也许会想加入特警队。）可知，小明充满力量和勇气，他可以加入特警队。故选C。
（5）推理判断题。根据表格一Wu Haoyuan works as a police officer in Sanlitun，Beijing.A Beijing police officer shares his work stories.（吴浩源是北京三里屯的一名警察。一位北京警察分享了他的工作经历。）和表格二I like watching TV shows that tell police stories，like Ordinary Greatness （《警察荣誉》）.I respect the police since they keep us safe.Zhang Yuchen，13，Ningbo（我喜欢看讲述警察故事的电视节目，比如《平凡的伟大》。我尊重警察，因为他们保护我们的安全。张宇辰，13岁，宁波）以及对话内容可知，本文是13岁的学生和一名警察之间的对话。故选A。
本文以对话的形式分享了一位北京警察的工作经历。
答阅读题时，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络，然后在文章中找到对应的信息，再和选项作对比，得出正确答案。
17~21.【答案】D、B、D、A、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Mountain-style outfits（穿搭），both functional and fashionable（登山风格的穿搭，既实用又时尚）可知，登山风格的穿搭既实用又时尚。故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段According to the online market platform Tmall，when the Singles' Day shopping spree（狂欢）started on Oct 31，2022，the sales of camping and climbing equipment jumped by 115 percent and 81.2 percent respectively during the first hour，compared with the same period in 2021.（根据在线市场平台天猫的数据，当2022年10月31日双十一购物狂欢开始时，与2021年同期相比，露营和攀岩设备的销售额在第一个小时内分别增长了115%和81.2%。）可知，是为了展示户外活动的受欢迎程度。故选B。
（3）段落大意题。根据倒数第二段Besides those dressing up in the "mountain style" for practical outdoor activities like Bai，more Chinese youth are now following the style for everyday clothing.（除了那些像白女士这样在户外活动时穿"登山装"的人外，更多的中国年轻人现在也在日常穿着上遵循这种风格。）可知，倒数第二段主要在讲述"登山"风格对人们日常穿搭的影响。故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段"'Mountain-style' outfits follow the trend that consumers want to get closer to nature，reflecting their pursuit of simplicity（简约），practicality and the natural world.The trend's popularity has led consumers to pay more attention to the natural environment and attach greater importance to healthy living，Jiang Shuai，manager of the e-commerce（电子商务）department of Toread，an outdoor clothing brand，told China Daily.（"'登山'服装顺应了消费者想要亲近自然的趋势，反映了他们对简单、实用和自然世界的追求。户外服装品牌Toread电子商务部门经理蒋帅在接受《中国日报》采访时表示，这一趋势的流行使消费者更加关注自然环境，更加重视健康生活。）可知，他认为"登山"风格的流行表明人们现在更渴望亲近大自然。故选A。
（5）推理判断题。根据第二段Mountain-style outfits（穿搭），both functional and fashionable，first became popular in Japan as "yama" （ meaning "mountain" in Japanese ）clothes.Now such clothes have caught on in Chinese fashion as well.（登山风格的穿搭，既实用又时尚，最初在日本流行起来，被称为"yama"（日语中"山"的意思）。现在这样的衣服也在中国时尚界流行起来。）以及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了"登山"风格的穿搭在中国人中逐渐流行起来的现象。所以能在报纸的时尚版面看到这篇文章。故选A。
本文主要讲述了"登山"风格的穿搭在中国人中逐渐流行起来的现象。
答阅读题时，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络，然后在文章中找到对应的信息，再和选项作对比，得出正确答案。
22~26.【答案】D、A、C、B、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段The science fiction movie The Wandering Earth Ⅱhas been a hit since its release on Jan 22.The space elevators in the movie are quite impressive- elevator cars travel quickly between the cables that connect Earth' s surface and the space station.This device may not only be entirely fictional in the future..（自1月22日上映以来，科幻电影《流浪地球2》一直很受欢迎。电影中的太空电梯令人印象深刻——电梯车厢在连接地球表面和空间站的电缆之间快速行驶。这种装置在未来可能不仅仅是想象出来的。）推断作者提到这部电影是引出主题。故选D。
（2）词义猜测题。根据第二段Early in 1895，Russian scientist Konstantin Tsiolkovsky was inspired by the Eiffel Tower.He pointed out that if humans could build a tower high enough to reach space，people would be able to travel by space elevators.However，such a tower is impossible because no matter how large its base is，it would not be able to support the whole system.（早在1895年，俄罗斯科学家康斯坦丁•齐奥尔科夫斯基就受到了埃菲尔铁塔的启发。他指出，如果人类能建造一座足够高的塔到达太空，人们就能乘坐太空电梯旅行。然而，这样的塔是不可能的，因为无论它的底座有多大，它都无法支撑整个系统。）可知划线部分指的是建造高塔的底座。故选A。
（3）段落大意题。根据第四段Since its discovery in 1991，scientists have been trying to create a carbon nanotube as long as possible.However，the longest carbon nanotube with a perfect structure was only about half a meter.（自1991年发现碳纳米管以来，科学家们一直在尝试制造尽可能长的碳纳米管。然而，具有完美结构的最长碳纳米管只有半米左右。）可知第四段主要讨论如何研制更长的碳纳米管。故选C。
（4）词义猜测题。根据第四段According to an article by the Institute of Physics，Chinese Academy of Sciences，a carbon nanotube（碳纳米管） made of carbon atoms （分子） might be the most viable material.A short tube that weighs 1.6 grams can hold more than 800 tons which is about the weight of 160 elephants.（根据中国科学院物理研究所的一篇文章，由碳原子制成的碳纳米管可能是最可行的材料。一根1.6克重的短管可以容纳800多吨，大约相当于160头大象的重量。）可知， "viable"意思"可行的"。故选B。
（5）标题归纳题。根据最后一段 Why go through so much trouble？The benefits of space elevators are clear.（为什么要经历这么多麻烦？太空电梯的好处是显而易见的。）可知文章最好的标题为"太空电梯是如何工作的。"。故选B。
本文主要讲了科学家研究并尝试建造太空电梯的进程。
阅读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文，在原文中找出与题目对应的内容，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查
27.【答案】【小题1】B
【小题2】A
【小题3】D
【小题4】F
【小题5】C
【解析】细节判断题。
（1）根据原文Bella，one of the top students in her class，always gets up early and hopes to get better grades by working hard.（贝拉是班上最优秀的学生之一，她总是起得很早，希望通过努力学习取得更好的成绩。）可知B.Birds feed on worms.A bird will go hungry if it cannot catch worms.The bird that gets up early is sure to get some food，so the early bird catches the worm.（鸟以蠕虫为食。鸟如果抓不到虫子就会饿。早起的鸟一定能得到食物，所以早起的鸟有虫吃。）符合题意。故选B。
（2）根据原文Vincent has joined a mountain climbing club.The club members will have a climbing trip next week and he will be the leader of the team.（文森特参加了登山俱乐部。俱乐部成员下周将进行一次登山旅行，他将担任领队。）可知A.In many ball games，the most important person is the one who carries the ball.Such a person is the leader and he makes sure that a job gets done.（在许多球类运动中，最重要的人是持球的人。这样的人是领导者，他确保工作完成。）符合题意。故选A。
（3）根据原文Sally is an English teacher in our school.She always knows what's going on in her class，even when her students are passing notes behind her back.（萨莉是我们学校的一名英语老师。她总是知道她的课上发生了什么，即使她的学生在她背后传纸条。）可知D.Some people seem to know what's going on behind them，as if they had eyes in the back of their heads. "Eyes in the back of your head"describes the ability to notice everything happening around you.（有些人似乎知道他们背后发生了什么，就好像他们的后脑勺长了眼睛。"后脑勺的眼睛"描述的是注意周围发生的一切的能力。）符合题意。故选D。
（4）根据原文Sam is a newcomer to a high school.He feels a little nervous in the classroom with a lot of strangers around him.（山姆是一所高中的新生。在教室里有很多陌生人在他身边，他感到有点紧张。）可知F.Fish live in water.A person who is in a strange or new environment may feel like a fish out of water. （鱼生活在水里。一个人在一个陌生的或新的环境中可能会感觉像鱼离开水）符合题意。故选F。
（5）根据原文Victor's friends are taking a high-speed train to visit him.But his friends are late.He is now waiting for them at the station. （维克多的朋友们正乘高铁去看他。但是他的朋友们迟到了。他现在正在车站等他们。）可知C.Your feet become hot when you run.But when you are forced to sit in one place，your heels stay cool.When someone keeps you waiting，you can say he is cooling your heels.（当你跑步时，你的脚会变热。但当你被迫坐在一个地方时，你的高跟鞋会保持凉爽。当某人让你久等时，你可以说他在冷却你的脚跟。）符合题意。故选C。
（1）贝拉是班上最优秀的学生之一，她总是起得很早，希望通过努力学习取得更好的成绩。--鸟以蠕虫为食。鸟如果抓不到虫子就会饿。早起的鸟一定能得到食物，所以早起的鸟有虫吃。
（2）文森特参加了登山俱乐部。俱乐部成员下周将进行一次登山旅行，他将担任领队。--在许多球类运动中，最重要的人是持球的人。这样的人是领导者，他确保工作完成。
（3）萨莉是我们学校的一名英语老师。她总是知道她的课上发生了什么，即使她的学生在她背后传纸条。--有些人似乎知道他们背后发生了什么，就好像他们的后脑勺长了眼睛。"后脑勺的眼睛"描述的是注意周围发生的一切的能力。
（4）山姆是一所高中的新生。在教室里有很多陌生人在他身边，他感到有点紧张。--鱼生活在水里。一个人在一个陌生的或新的环境中可能会感觉像鱼离开水。
（5）维克多的朋友们正乘高铁去看他。但是他的朋友们迟到了。他现在正在车站等他们。--当你跑步时，你的脚会变热。但当你被迫坐在一个地方时，你的高跟鞋会保持凉爽。当某人让你久等时，你可以说他在冷却你的脚跟。
做这类阅读理解，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
28.【答案】【小题1】was built
【小题2】projects
【小题3】Before
【小题4】a
【小题5】With
【小题6】which
【小题7】controlling
【小题8】earliest
【小题9】has brought
【小题10】greatly
【解析】（1）考查被动语态。句意：它于公元前256年由秦国工程师李冰建造。It代指的是"都江堰水利系统"，和"修建"是被动关系，用被动语态，结构为be+过去分词，时态为一般过去时，主语it是第三人称单数，系动词用was。故填was built。
（2）考查名词。句意：当时，它是世界上最大的工程之一。此处用固定结构"one of +形容词最高级+复数名词"，意为"最......的......之一"，空格处应填名词复数形式。故填projects。
（3）考查连词。句意：都江堰水利系统建成之前，住在岷江附近的人常常经历可怕的洪水。根据people who lived near the Min River often experienced terrible floods（住在岷江附近的人常常经历可怕的洪水），可知是在都江堰水利系统建成之前。故填Before。
（4）考查冠词。句意：李冰仔细研究了这个问题，想出了一个解决这个问题的聪明办法。根据题干，way是可数名词单数，应在前面加不定冠词，clever是辅音音素开头。故填a。
（5）考查介词。句意：在儿子的帮助下，李冰建立了一个控制河水流量的系统。with the help of在......的帮助下，固定短语。故填With。
（6）考查关系代词。句意：它还把多余的水引入需要它的农田里。根据题干，本句为定语从句，先行词是farm fields（农田），在从句中作主语，关系代词用which。故填which。
（7）考查动名词。句意：通过控制灌溉农作物的供水，李冰创造了世界上最早的灌溉系统之一。介词by后跟动名词，by doing sth.通过做某事。故填controlling。
（8）考查形容词最高级。句意：通过控制灌溉农作物的供水，李冰创造了世界上最早的灌溉系统之一。根据题干，此处用固定结构"one of +形容词最高级+复数名词"，表示"最......的......之一"。故填earliest。
（9）考查时态。句意：迄今为止，该系统给成都人民带来了巨大的好处。时间状语为up to now，时态用现在完成时，结构为have（has）+过去分词，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has brought。
（10）考查副词。句意：它不仅阻止了洪水，而且大大增加了农场的粮食产量。修饰动词increased用副词。故填greatly。
本文介绍了成都的都江堰水利工程。
语法填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答。对于同义词和近义词的选项，在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别注意这些同义词和近义词搭配。
29.【答案】In today's English class，we had a discussion on "A valuable gift I gave"．Here is what we shared in our group．A valuable gift given by Bob was a bowl of soup to his parents．（鲍勃送给父母一碗汤） In his opinion，he considered it as a good gift to express his thanks and love to them．（鲍勃的理由） Kate gave a photo album to one of her good friends because she wanted to cherish every moment with her，hoping that their friendship could last forever．（凯特送给好朋友一本相册及理由） In addition，Lily sent her foreign teacher a piece of paper cutting which can fully represent Chinese culture．【高分句型一】（莉莉送给外籍老师一张剪纸及理由） For me，what I gave to my grandpa was a smart phone．【高分句型二】We don't live together and my grandpa was so busy that we can't meet each other often．However，we can have video chats by smart phone．（我送给爷爷奶奶一部手机及理由）
【解析】【高分句型一】
In addition，Lily sent her foreign teacher a piece of paper cutting which can fully represent Chinese culture．
另外，莉莉送给她的外一张剪纸，完全可以代表中国文化。本句使用了定语从句which can fully represent Chinese culture。
For me，what I gave to my grandpa was a smart phone．
对我来说，我给爷爷的是一部智能手机。本句使用了主语从句what I gave to my grandpa。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
2023年广东省深圳中学石厦学校中考英语三模试卷
一、完形填空（本大题共10小题，共10.0分）
On March 17，Beijing made changes to the PE test in the 2023 high school entrance exam，or zhongkao：All students will get full scores as long as they take part in the exam.
Earlier this year，some cities such as Taiyuan（1） ______ the 1，000-meter and 800- meter runs.Other cities let students choose（2） ______ they wanted to do them in the exam.This is to make sure it's safe for students after recovering from COVID-19.
"Schools should put students' health and（3） ______ first and control exercise intensity （强度） according to their differences，" Zeng Wenxing from Zhuhai Education Bureau said in an interview.
At the same time，P.E.classes across China have also made some changes.Students are having（4） ______ activities such as dancing，fun games and sit-ups.This way they can improve their health slowly.What is your P.E.class like now？
Knowing your health condition
Xi'an Jingkai No.3 Middle School was going to have（5） ______ PE classes according to students' health conditions，P.E.teacher Liu Na told Huashang Daily.
"Students perform（6） ______ after recovering from COVID-19.Some would easily get tired，" Liu said. "So we（7） ______ on each student' s feelings.We also use wristbands （手环） to see students' heart rates for safety.
For the first several weeks，students mainly did exercises like stretching （拉伸） and（8） ______ .Then they did more difficult exercises little by little.
Less running required
"As a（9） ______ -grader，I'm also happy that I don't need to take the 1，000-meter run test for zhongkao.Most students welcome this new change.（10） ______ some who are really good at running are not happy because they won't have advantages anymore，" Liu added.
1. A. continued B. started C. cancelled D. paused
2. A. if B. that C. how D. why
3. A. study B. safety C. appearance D. success
4. A. more difficult B. better C. stronger D. easier
5. A. common B. personalized C. special D. active
6. A. differently B. perfectly C. immediately D. correctly
7. A. have a good effect B. keep a close eye
C. play a trick D. play a joke
8. A. boxing B. wrestling C. walking D. skiing
9. A. sixth B. seventh C. eighth D. ninth
10. A. But B. As C. Although D. So
二、补全对话-填空（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
11. Dinosaurs，mummies （木乃伊） and spaceships...you may only see these things in movies.（1） ______ .
A museum is a wonderful place.You can always find something new in different museums.（2） ______ .For example，how fast can a velociraptor （迅猛龙） run？（3） ______ .Or did you know Leonardo da Vinci was not only a great artist but also a great inventor？
（ 4） ______ You go home and look it up online or through books .Has this ever happened to you ？Museums help us learn outside of school .
What's interesting is that there's a museum for almost everything.There is a museum for cats，Teddy bears and even hair!（5） ______ You can always spare some time to visit it.
Does a trip to a museum sound fun to you？
A.But there are not many movies about museums.
B.And there's almost always one close by.
C.It helps open up your world.
D.How do astronauts land when they come back to Earth？
E.Many of you may come across something new in a museum.
F.But if you visit a museum，you may get to see them for real!
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
三、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共22.5分）
A
Wu Haoyuan works as a police officer in Sanlitun，Beijing.A Beijing police officer shares his work stories.
I like watching TV shows that tell police stories，like Ordinary Greatness （《警察荣誉》）.I respect the police since they keep us safe.
Zhang Yuchen，13，Ningbo
I've been working as a policeman for 12 years.I am now the leader of the crime-fighting team at the Sanlitun police station in Beijing.
Wu Haoyuan，33，Beijing
Zhang：What's a day for a police officer like？
Wu：We patrol （巡逻） every day.We sometimes wear plain clothes （便衣） and sometimes drive police cars.The sirens （警笛） on the cars let people know we are here to take care of them.Sanlitun is a busy place.We deal with 50 to 90 cases every day.Staying up late is part of the job.Every four days，each police officer here gets a 24-hour duty.If big events are taking place，we may stay at our police station for weeks without going back home.
Zhang：What kinds of cases do you usually get？
Wu：The Sanlitun police station has three teams-a community team，a crime-fighting team and a general command office.The community team usually deals with small fights or lost phones.The crime-fighting team takes care of more serious eases，while the office focuses on things like household registration （户籍登记）.
Zhang：If I'm not very strong or brave，can I still become a police officer？
Wu：Yes，you can.If you are physically strong，you may want to join the Special Weapons and Tactics （特警） team.If you're good at dealing with different people，you might be a good community police officer.If you're shy but careful，you can do office work.As for being brave，police officers are not always fearless.Even now，when I face dangerous people，I still get scared.But our sense of responsibility gives us the courage to keep going.
12. According to Wu，police officers ______
A. want others to care about them.
B. never wear daily clothes for work.
C. can't take part in big events.
D. often work late into the night.
13. What does a police officer from the community team usually do？ ______
A. Deal with really serious cases.
B. Stop small fights and find lost things.
C. Work on duty for 24 hours every two days.
D. Help with household registration.
14. What might the word "fearless" in the last paragraph mean？ ______
A. good at everything. B. not afraid of anything.
C. very careful. D. being a part of a team.
15. Xiaoming is full of strength and braveness，which position is suitable for him？ ______
A. A community police officer. B. An office worker.
C. An SWAT. D. A traffic policeman.
16. This passage is probably part of ______
A. a dialogue. B. a film review. C. news. D. a diary.
B
The COVID-19 pandemic has led many people to do more nature and outdoor activities such as playing frisbee，camping and skateboarding.Following this trend， "going to the mountains" has steadily grown in popularity among Chinese people.
Mountain-style outfits （穿搭），both functional and fashionable，first became popular in Japan as "yama" （ meaning "mountain" in Japanese ） clothes.Now such clothes have caught on in Chinese fashion as well.Colors such as green，khaki （卡其色） and gray are preferred as fashionistas （时尚达人） try to match tone-on-tone （同系配色的） clothing.
Chinese social media platform Xiaohongshu released a report on the country's top 10 lifestyle trends that showed young people from big cities preferred to join outdoor activities and wear outdoor outfits last year.
According to the online market platform Tmall，when the Singles' Day shopping spree （狂欢） started on Oct 31，2022，the sales of camping and climbing equipment jumped by 115 percent and 81.2 percent respectively during the first hour，compared with the same period in 2021.
"Chinese ski fans focus more on their ski outfits now，" Bai Yifan，a snowboarding influencer，said to China Daily.Bai often carefully chooses his skiing outfits and snowboard each time he sets off to a skiing place and shares photos of his ski costume with his online followers.He says "mountain-style" outfits have become popular among ski fans.
Besides those dressing up in the "mountain style" for practical outdoor activities like Bai，more Chinese youth are now following the style for everyday clothing.Jiang Wei，a Beijing-based fashion writer，told China Daily that Arc' teryx which used to be mainly popular among outdoor hobbyists has now become a trendy brand.Many fashion brands，including some global luxury （奢侈品） brands ，have released urban outdoor fashion lines.Prada，for example，launched an outdoor series in 2021 to follow the trend.
"'Mountain-style' outfits follow the trend that consumers want to get closer to nature，reflecting their pursuit of simplicity（简约），practicality and the natural world.The trend's popularity has led consumers to pay more attention to the natural environment and attach greater importance to healthy living，Jiang Shuai，manager of the e-commerce （电子商务） department of Toread，an outdoor clothing brand，told China Daily.
17. Which of the following words best describe mountain-style outfits？ ______
A. Simple and cheap. B. Light and soft.
C. Smart and formal. D. Cool and practical.
18. Why does the author mention the sales of camping and climbing equipment during the 2022 Singles' Day shopping spree？ ______
A. To inform readers of consumption trends.
B. To show the popularity of outdoor activities.
C. To prove people's love for online shopping.
D. To describe the spending power of consumers.
19. What is the second-to-last paragraph mainly about？ ______
A. The success of a popular brand.
B. The changes in global design concepts.
C. The reasons why the urban outdoor style is trending.
D. The effect mountain style has had on people's daily wear.
20. According to Jiang Shuai，what does the popularity of mountain-style outfits show？ ______
A. People are now more eager to enjoy nature.
B. People are pursuing adventurous lifestyles.
C. Nature is the inspiration for mountain-style outfits.
D. Mountain-style outfits make for a healthy life.
21. In which section of the newspapers can you find this passage？ ______
A. Fashion. B. Nature. C. History. D. Culture.
C
The science fiction movie The Wandering Earth I has been a hit since its release on Jan 22.The space elevators in the movie are quite impressive- elevator cars travel quickly between the cables that connect Earth' s surface and the space station.This device may not only be entirely fictional in the future.
Early in 1895 ，Russian scientist Konstantin Tsiolkovsky was inspired by the Eiffel Tower.He pointed out that if humans could build a tower high enough to reach space，people would be able to travel by space elevators.However，such a tower is impossible because no matter how large the base is，it would not be able to support the whole system.
Scientists thus considered the idea in a different way.There are satellites in Earth' s geosynchronous orbit （地球同步轨道） which is about 36 ，000 kilometers in altitude.They appear to be fixed in space and rotate （旋转） around Earth once per day because their speed is just right.According to Scientific American，scientists argued that if such a satellite were to drop cables toward Earth which were then fixed to its surface，the whole system would rotate along with the planet.The elevator could then travel through the tracks.
Now that the theory is sound，one of the challenges that stop engineers from building the elevators is the cables 'material.According to an article by the Institute of Physics，Chinese Academy of Sciences，a carbon nanotube（碳纳米管） made of carbon atoms （分子） might be the most viable material.A short tube that weighs 1.6 grams can hold more than 800 tons which is about the weight of 160 elephants.Since its discovery in 1991，scientists have been trying to create a tube that is as long as possible.However，the longest tube with a perfect structure was only about half a meter，developed by a team at Tsinghua University in 2013.
Why go through so much trouble？The benefits of space elevators are clear.For example，elevators require far less energy and money than rockets，currently the main transportation to space.Also，with space elevators，space missions would be more frequent- even become a routine.
22. Why is the movie The Wandering Earth II mentioned in paragraph 1？ ______
A. To show the popularity of the movie.
B. To voice the author's views on the movie.
C. To explain what makes the movie impressive.
D. To introduce the topic of space elevators.
23. What does the underlined phrase "the idea" in paragraph 3 refer to？ ______
A. Putting up a large base for a space tower.
B. Building a device for people to reach space.
C. Connecting satellites with Earth by cables.
D. Creating a system rotating along with Earth.
24. What is paragraph 4 mainly about？ ______
A. The discovery of the carbon nanotube.
B. The current application of carbon nanotubes.
C. The difficulty of developing long carbon nanotubes.
D. The advantages of carbon nanotubes as the cables' material.
25. What does the underlined word "viable" in paragraph 4 mean？ ______
A. valuable B. workable C. disable D. changeable
26. Which of the following is the best title for the article？ ______
A. Future is coming. B. How the space elevators work.
C. Future tech rises from fiction. D. What an amazing movie!
四、任务型阅读-多任务混合（本大题共1小题，共7.5分）
27.
（1） ______ Bella，one of the top students in her class，always gets up early and hopes to get better grades by working hard.
（2） ______ Vincent has joined a mountain climbing club.The club members will have a climbing trip next week and he will be the leader of the team.
（3） ______ Sally is an English teacher in our school.She always knows what's going on in her class，even when her students are passing notes behind her back.
（4） ______ Sam is a newcomer to a high school.He feels a little nervous in the classroom with a lot of strangers around him.
（5） ______ Victor's friends are taking a high-speed train to visit him.But his friends are late.He is now waiting for them at the station.
A.In many ball games，the most important person is the one who carries the ball.Such a person is the leader and he makes sure that a job gets done.
B.Birds feed on worms.A bird will go hungry if it cannot catch worms.The bird that gets up early is sure to get some food，so the early bird catches the worm.
C.Your feet become hot when you run.But when you are forced to sit in one place，your heels stay cool.When someone keeps you waiting，you can say he is cooling your heels.
D.Some people seem to know what's going on behind them，as if they had eyes in the back of their heads. "Eyes in the back of your head"describes the ability to notice everything happening around you.
E.You don't know what will happen if you wake up a sleeping dog in the street，so it would be much smarter to let sleeping dogs lie.
F.Fish live in water.A person who is in a strange or new environment may feel likea fish out of water.
(1)
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五、阅读填空（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
28. The Dujiangyan irrigation system in Chengdu is a world-famous system for managing water，It（1） ______ （build） in256 BC by Li Bing，a Qin State's engineer.At the time，it was one of the largest engineering（2） ______ （project） in the world.This wonder of engineering was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in the year 2000.
（ 3） ______ the Dujiangyan irrigation system was built，people who lived near the Min River often experienced terrible floods.Li Bing studied this problem carefully and came up with（4） ______ clever way to fix it.He decided to change the course of the river.
（ 5） ______ the help of his son，Li Bing built a system that controlled the flow of the river.The system reduced the water level in areas at risk of flooding.It also directed excess（额外的） water to farm fields（6） ______ needed it.By（7） ______ （control） the supply of water that reached crops，Li Bing created one of the world's（8） ______ （early） irrigation systems.
Up to now，the system（9） ______ （bring） wonderful benefits to the people of Chengdu.It not only stopped the floods，but also（10） ______ （great） increased food production on farms.For this reason，Chengdu has since become known as a "land of plenty".
(1)
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(3)
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六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
29. 今天的英语课上，班级进行了题为"我送过的一份珍贵礼物，"的主题分享。请你写一篇英语短文，汇报你们四人小组的分享内容，需包括以下要点。
From
Bob
Kate
Lily
You
To
parents
good friend
foreign teacher
（请补充）
What
（请补充）
Why
thanks and love
friendship
culture
（请补充）
注意：词数：100词左右（短文的开头已给出，不计入词数）；
不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。
In today's English class，we had a discussion on ''A valuable gift I gave".Here is what we shared in our group.
答案和解析
1~10.【答案】C、A、B、D、B、A、B、C、D、A
【解析】（1）考查动词辨析。句意：今年早些时候，太原等一些城市取消了1000米和800米跑。continued继续；started开始；cancelled取消；paused暂停。根据上下文的大意可知，本文主要讲了不同的城市因为疫情影响，对体育中考进行了一些改革。考虑到不同学生的健康和安全，只有可能是取消体育考试，cancelled取消符合语境。故选C。
（2）考查连词辨析。句意：其他城市让学生自己选择是否参加考试。if是否；that无实际含义；how如何；why为什么。根据上文some cities such as Taiyuan cancelled the 1，000-meter and 800- meter runs.（太原等一些城市取消了1000米和800米跑。）及本句句意Other cities let students choose …they wanted to do them in the exam.（其他城市让学生选择…考试。）可知，太原等城市取消了考试，这里举例其他城市的做法，让学生自主选择参加还是不参加体育中考，表示一种选择关系，if是否符合语境。故选A。
（3）考查名词辨析。句意：学校应该把学生的健康和安全放在第一位，并根据他们的差异控制运动强度。study学习；safety安全；appearance外观；success成功。根据上文句意This is to make sure it's safe for students after recovering from COVID-19.（这是为了确保学生新冠康复后的安全。），结合选项safety安全符合语境。故选B。
（4）考查形容词辨析。句意：学生们正在进行更轻松的活动，如跳舞、有趣的游戏和仰卧起坐。more difficult更难的；better更好的；stronger更强的；easier更简单的。根据本句such as dancing，fun games and sit-ups（如跳舞、有趣的游戏和仰卧起坐）可知，这里提到的几项活动相对于1000米和800米跑都是相对轻松的，easier更简单的符合语境。故选D。
（5）考查形容词词辨析。句意：西安市经开第三中学体育老师刘娜在接受《华商报》采访时表示，该校将根据学生的健康状况开设个性化的体育课。common一般的；personalized个性化的；special特殊的；active积极的。根据本句中的 according to students' health conditions（根据学生的健康状况）可知，学生的状况不一样，体育课的内容也因此各不相同，所以是个性化的体育课。故选B。
（6）考查副词辨析。句意：新冠康复后，学生的表现不同。differently不同地；perfectly完美地；immediately立刻；correctly正确地。根据下文Some would easily get tired.（一些学生容易疲劳。）可知，一些人容易疲劳，一些人可能有其他的症状，所以学生的表现是不一样的，differently不同地符合语境。故选A。
（7）考查短语辨析。句意：所以我们密切关注每个学生的感受。have a good effect有良好的效果；keep a close eye密切关注；play a trick捉弄；play a joke开玩笑。根据下文We also use wristbands to see students' heart rates for safety.（为了安全起见，我们还使用手环来监测学生的心率。）可知，"我们"应该是非常关注学生，密切关注每个学生的感受。故选B。
（8）考查动名词辨析。句意：在最初的几周，学生们主要做拉伸和步行。boxing拳击；wrestling摔跤；walking步行；skiing滑雪。根据下文句意Then they did more difficult exercises little by little.（然后他们一点一点地做更难的练习。）可知，学生的活动强度是一点点增加的，一开始的活动强度低，类似于拉伸和散步之类的低强度运动。故选C。
（9）考查数词辨析。句意：作为一名九年级学生，我也很高兴我不需要参加中考的1000米跑测试。sixth第六的；seventh第七的；eighth第八的；ninth第九的。根据常识可知，参加中考的学生是九年级的学生。故选D。
（10）考查连词辨析。句意：但是一些真正擅长跑步的人并不高兴，因为他们不再有优势了。But但是；As随着；Although尽管；So所以。根据上文大意，有的学生因为不要参加体育中考而高兴以及本句some who are really good at running are not happy （一些真正擅长跑步的人不高兴）可知，前后文之间存在转折关系。故选A。
本文讲述了3月17日，北京对2023年中考的体育考试进行了修改以及其他城市在体育上的一些措施。
首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
11.【答案】【小题1】F
【小题2】C
【小题3】D
【小题4】E
【小题5】B
【解析】细节推理题。
（1）根据前句"Dinosaurs，mummies （木乃伊） and spaceships...you may only see these things in movies."（恐龙、木乃伊和宇宙飞船……你可能只会在电影里看到这些东西。）可知，此处介绍恐龙、木乃伊和宇宙飞船似乎只能在电影中看见，结合下文可知，在博物馆里也可以看见，选项F"但如果你去博物馆，你可能会亲眼看到它们！"符合语境，故选F。
（2）根据前句"A museum is a wonderful place.You can always find something new in different museums."（博物馆是个很棒的地方。你总能在不同的博物馆找到新的东西。）可知，说的是博物馆的好处，选项C"它有助于打开你的世界。"符合语境，故选C。
（3）根据前后句"For example，how fast can a velociraptor （迅猛龙） run？...Or did you know Leonardo da Vinci was not only a great artist but also a great inventor？"（例如，迅猛龙能跑多快？或者你知道列奥纳多•达•芬奇不仅是一位伟大的艺术家，还是一位伟大的发明家吗？）可知，这里都是举例，且都是疑问句，选项D"宇航员返回地球后如何着陆？"符合语境，故选D。
（4）根据后句"You go home and look it up online or through books.Has this ever happened to you？Museums help us learn outside of school."（你回家后在网上或书本上查找。这种情况发生在你身上吗？博物馆帮助我们在校外学习。）可知，博物馆帮助我们在校外学习。选项E"你们中的许多人可能会在博物馆里遇到一些新的东西。"符合语境，故选E。
（5）根据前句"What's interesting is that there's a museum for almost everything.There is a museum for cats，Teddy bears and even hair! "（有趣的是，几乎所有的东西都有一个博物馆。有一个关于猫、泰迪熊甚至头发的博物馆!）可知，有趣的是，几乎所有的东西都有一个博物馆，甚至有一个关于猫、泰迪熊甚至头发的博物馆，选项B"而且附近几乎总有一个。"符合语境，都是There be句型，故选B。
本文主要介绍了在博物馆可以看到很多东西，建议大家去博物馆参观。
做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
12~16.【答案】D、B、B、C、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Staying up late is part of the job.（熬夜是工作的一部分。）可知，警察经常要工作到深夜。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段The community team usually deals with small fights or lost phones.（社区警队的通常处理小的争吵或丢失的手机。）可知，社区警队的警察负责处理小的争吵或寻找丢失的东西。故选B。
（3）词义猜测题。根据划线词后句Even now，when I face dangerous people，I still get scared.（即使是现在，当我面对危险的人时，我仍然会害怕。）可知，警察并不总是无所畏惧的。所以划线词意为"无畏的"，即什么都不怕。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段If you are physically strong，you may want to join the Special Weapons and Tactics（特警）team.（如果你身体强壮，你也许会想加入特警队。）可知，小明充满力量和勇气，他可以加入特警队。故选C。
（5）推理判断题。根据表格一Wu Haoyuan works as a police officer in Sanlitun，Beijing.A Beijing police officer shares his work stories.（吴浩源是北京三里屯的一名警察。一位北京警察分享了他的工作经历。）和表格二I like watching TV shows that tell police stories，like Ordinary Greatness （《警察荣誉》）.I respect the police since they keep us safe.Zhang Yuchen，13，Ningbo（我喜欢看讲述警察故事的电视节目，比如《平凡的伟大》。我尊重警察，因为他们保护我们的安全。张宇辰，13岁，宁波）以及对话内容可知，本文是13岁的学生和一名警察之间的对话。故选A。
本文以对话的形式分享了一位北京警察的工作经历。
答阅读题时，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络，然后在文章中找到对应的信息，再和选项作对比，得出正确答案。
17~21.【答案】D、B、D、A、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Mountain-style outfits（穿搭），both functional and fashionable（登山风格的穿搭，既实用又时尚）可知，登山风格的穿搭既实用又时尚。故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段According to the online market platform Tmall，when the Singles' Day shopping spree（狂欢）started on Oct 31，2022，the sales of camping and climbing equipment jumped by 115 percent and 81.2 percent respectively during the first hour，compared with the same period in 2021.（根据在线市场平台天猫的数据，当2022年10月31日双十一购物狂欢开始时，与2021年同期相比，露营和攀岩设备的销售额在第一个小时内分别增长了115%和81.2%。）可知，是为了展示户外活动的受欢迎程度。故选B。
（3）段落大意题。根据倒数第二段Besides those dressing up in the "mountain style" for practical outdoor activities like Bai，more Chinese youth are now following the style for everyday clothing.（除了那些像白女士这样在户外活动时穿"登山装"的人外，更多的中国年轻人现在也在日常穿着上遵循这种风格。）可知，倒数第二段主要在讲述"登山"风格对人们日常穿搭的影响。故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段"'Mountain-style' outfits follow the trend that consumers want to get closer to nature，reflecting their pursuit of simplicity（简约），practicality and the natural world.The trend's popularity has led consumers to pay more attention to the natural environment and attach greater importance to healthy living，Jiang Shuai，manager of the e-commerce（电子商务）department of Toread，an outdoor clothing brand，told China Daily.（"'登山'服装顺应了消费者想要亲近自然的趋势，反映了他们对简单、实用和自然世界的追求。户外服装品牌Toread电子商务部门经理蒋帅在接受《中国日报》采访时表示，这一趋势的流行使消费者更加关注自然环境，更加重视健康生活。）可知，他认为"登山"风格的流行表明人们现在更渴望亲近大自然。故选A。
（5）推理判断题。根据第二段Mountain-style outfits（穿搭），both functional and fashionable，first became popular in Japan as "yama" （ meaning "mountain" in Japanese ）clothes.Now such clothes have caught on in Chinese fashion as well.（登山风格的穿搭，既实用又时尚，最初在日本流行起来，被称为"yama"（日语中"山"的意思）。现在这样的衣服也在中国时尚界流行起来。）以及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了"登山"风格的穿搭在中国人中逐渐流行起来的现象。所以能在报纸的时尚版面看到这篇文章。故选A。
本文主要讲述了"登山"风格的穿搭在中国人中逐渐流行起来的现象。
答阅读题时，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络，然后在文章中找到对应的信息，再和选项作对比，得出正确答案。
22~26.【答案】D、A、C、B、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段The science fiction movie The Wandering Earth Ⅱhas been a hit since its release on Jan 22.The space elevators in the movie are quite impressive- elevator cars travel quickly between the cables that connect Earth' s surface and the space station.This device may not only be entirely fictional in the future..（自1月22日上映以来，科幻电影《流浪地球2》一直很受欢迎。电影中的太空电梯令人印象深刻——电梯车厢在连接地球表面和空间站的电缆之间快速行驶。这种装置在未来可能不仅仅是想象出来的。）推断作者提到这部电影是引出主题。故选D。
（2）词义猜测题。根据第二段Early in 1895，Russian scientist Konstantin Tsiolkovsky was inspired by the Eiffel Tower.He pointed out that if humans could build a tower high enough to reach space，people would be able to travel by space elevators.However，such a tower is impossible because no matter how large its base is，it would not be able to support the whole system.（早在1895年，俄罗斯科学家康斯坦丁•齐奥尔科夫斯基就受到了埃菲尔铁塔的启发。他指出，如果人类能建造一座足够高的塔到达太空，人们就能乘坐太空电梯旅行。然而，这样的塔是不可能的，因为无论它的底座有多大，它都无法支撑整个系统。）可知划线部分指的是建造高塔的底座。故选A。
（3）段落大意题。根据第四段Since its discovery in 1991，scientists have been trying to create a carbon nanotube as long as possible.However，the longest carbon nanotube with a perfect structure was only about half a meter.（自1991年发现碳纳米管以来，科学家们一直在尝试制造尽可能长的碳纳米管。然而，具有完美结构的最长碳纳米管只有半米左右。）可知第四段主要讨论如何研制更长的碳纳米管。故选C。
（4）词义猜测题。根据第四段According to an article by the Institute of Physics，Chinese Academy of Sciences，a carbon nanotube（碳纳米管） made of carbon atoms （分子） might be the most viable material.A short tube that weighs 1.6 grams can hold more than 800 tons which is about the weight of 160 elephants.（根据中国科学院物理研究所的一篇文章，由碳原子制成的碳纳米管可能是最可行的材料。一根1.6克重的短管可以容纳800多吨，大约相当于160头大象的重量。）可知， "viable"意思"可行的"。故选B。
（5）标题归纳题。根据最后一段 Why go through so much trouble？The benefits of space elevators are clear.（为什么要经历这么多麻烦？太空电梯的好处是显而易见的。）可知文章最好的标题为"太空电梯是如何工作的。"。故选B。
本文主要讲了科学家研究并尝试建造太空电梯的进程。
阅读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文，在原文中找出与题目对应的内容，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查
27.【答案】【小题1】B
【小题2】A
【小题3】D
【小题4】F
【小题5】C
【解析】细节判断题。
（1）根据原文Bella，one of the top students in her class，always gets up early and hopes to get better grades by working hard.（贝拉是班上最优秀的学生之一，她总是起得很早，希望通过努力学习取得更好的成绩。）可知B.Birds feed on worms.A bird will go hungry if it cannot catch worms.The bird that gets up early is sure to get some food，so the early bird catches the worm.（鸟以蠕虫为食。鸟如果抓不到虫子就会饿。早起的鸟一定能得到食物，所以早起的鸟有虫吃。）符合题意。故选B。
（2）根据原文Vincent has joined a mountain climbing club.The club members will have a climbing trip next week and he will be the leader of the team.（文森特参加了登山俱乐部。俱乐部成员下周将进行一次登山旅行，他将担任领队。）可知A.In many ball games，the most important person is the one who carries the ball.Such a person is the leader and he makes sure that a job gets done.（在许多球类运动中，最重要的人是持球的人。这样的人是领导者，他确保工作完成。）符合题意。故选A。
（3）根据原文Sally is an English teacher in our school.She always knows what's going on in her class，even when her students are passing notes behind her back.（萨莉是我们学校的一名英语老师。她总是知道她的课上发生了什么，即使她的学生在她背后传纸条。）可知D.Some people seem to know what's going on behind them，as if they had eyes in the back of their heads. "Eyes in the back of your head"describes the ability to notice everything happening around you.（有些人似乎知道他们背后发生了什么，就好像他们的后脑勺长了眼睛。"后脑勺的眼睛"描述的是注意周围发生的一切的能力。）符合题意。故选D。
（4）根据原文Sam is a newcomer to a high school.He feels a little nervous in the classroom with a lot of strangers around him.（山姆是一所高中的新生。在教室里有很多陌生人在他身边，他感到有点紧张。）可知F.Fish live in water.A person who is in a strange or new environment may feel like a fish out of water. （鱼生活在水里。一个人在一个陌生的或新的环境中可能会感觉像鱼离开水）符合题意。故选F。
（5）根据原文Victor's friends are taking a high-speed train to visit him.But his friends are late.He is now waiting for them at the station. （维克多的朋友们正乘高铁去看他。但是他的朋友们迟到了。他现在正在车站等他们。）可知C.Your feet become hot when you run.But when you are forced to sit in one place，your heels stay cool.When someone keeps you waiting，you can say he is cooling your heels.（当你跑步时，你的脚会变热。但当你被迫坐在一个地方时，你的高跟鞋会保持凉爽。当某人让你久等时，你可以说他在冷却你的脚跟。）符合题意。故选C。
（1）贝拉是班上最优秀的学生之一，她总是起得很早，希望通过努力学习取得更好的成绩。--鸟以蠕虫为食。鸟如果抓不到虫子就会饿。早起的鸟一定能得到食物，所以早起的鸟有虫吃。
（2）文森特参加了登山俱乐部。俱乐部成员下周将进行一次登山旅行，他将担任领队。--在许多球类运动中，最重要的人是持球的人。这样的人是领导者，他确保工作完成。
（3）萨莉是我们学校的一名英语老师。她总是知道她的课上发生了什么，即使她的学生在她背后传纸条。--有些人似乎知道他们背后发生了什么，就好像他们的后脑勺长了眼睛。"后脑勺的眼睛"描述的是注意周围发生的一切的能力。
（4）山姆是一所高中的新生。在教室里有很多陌生人在他身边，他感到有点紧张。--鱼生活在水里。一个人在一个陌生的或新的环境中可能会感觉像鱼离开水。
（5）维克多的朋友们正乘高铁去看他。但是他的朋友们迟到了。他现在正在车站等他们。--当你跑步时，你的脚会变热。但当你被迫坐在一个地方时，你的高跟鞋会保持凉爽。当某人让你久等时，你可以说他在冷却你的脚跟。
做这类阅读理解，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
28.【答案】【小题1】was built
【小题2】projects
【小题3】Before
【小题4】a
【小题5】With
【小题6】which
【小题7】controlling
【小题8】earliest
【小题9】has brought
【小题10】greatly
【解析】（1）考查被动语态。句意：它于公元前256年由秦国工程师李冰建造。It代指的是"都江堰水利系统"，和"修建"是被动关系，用被动语态，结构为be+过去分词，时态为一般过去时，主语it是第三人称单数，系动词用was。故填was built。
（2）考查名词。句意：当时，它是世界上最大的工程之一。此处用固定结构"one of +形容词最高级+复数名词"，意为"最......的......之一"，空格处应填名词复数形式。故填projects。
（3）考查连词。句意：都江堰水利系统建成之前，住在岷江附近的人常常经历可怕的洪水。根据people who lived near the Min River often experienced terrible floods（住在岷江附近的人常常经历可怕的洪水），可知是在都江堰水利系统建成之前。故填Before。
（4）考查冠词。句意：李冰仔细研究了这个问题，想出了一个解决这个问题的聪明办法。根据题干，way是可数名词单数，应在前面加不定冠词，clever是辅音音素开头。故填a。
（5）考查介词。句意：在儿子的帮助下，李冰建立了一个控制河水流量的系统。with the help of在......的帮助下，固定短语。故填With。
（6）考查关系代词。句意：它还把多余的水引入需要它的农田里。根据题干，本句为定语从句，先行词是farm fields（农田），在从句中作主语，关系代词用which。故填which。
（7）考查动名词。句意：通过控制灌溉农作物的供水，李冰创造了世界上最早的灌溉系统之一。介词by后跟动名词，by doing sth.通过做某事。故填controlling。
（8）考查形容词最高级。句意：通过控制灌溉农作物的供水，李冰创造了世界上最早的灌溉系统之一。根据题干，此处用固定结构"one of +形容词最高级+复数名词"，表示"最......的......之一"。故填earliest。
（9）考查时态。句意：迄今为止，该系统给成都人民带来了巨大的好处。时间状语为up to now，时态用现在完成时，结构为have（has）+过去分词，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has brought。
（10）考查副词。句意：它不仅阻止了洪水，而且大大增加了农场的粮食产量。修饰动词increased用副词。故填greatly。
本文介绍了成都的都江堰水利工程。
语法填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答。对于同义词和近义词的选项，在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别注意这些同义词和近义词搭配。
29.【答案】In today's English class，we had a discussion on "A valuable gift I gave"．Here is what we shared in our group．A valuable gift given by Bob was a bowl of soup to his parents．（鲍勃送给父母一碗汤） In his opinion，he considered it as a good gift to express his thanks and love to them．（鲍勃的理由） Kate gave a photo album to one of her good friends because she wanted to cherish every moment with her，hoping that their friendship could last forever．（凯特送给好朋友一本相册及理由） In addition，Lily sent her foreign teacher a piece of paper cutting which can fully represent Chinese culture．【高分句型一】（莉莉送给外籍老师一张剪纸及理由） For me，what I gave to my grandpa was a smart phone．【高分句型二】We don't live together and my grandpa was so busy that we can't meet each other often．However，we can have video chats by smart phone．（我送给爷爷奶奶一部手机及理由）
【解析】【高分句型一】
In addition，Lily sent her foreign teacher a piece of paper cutting which can fully represent Chinese culture．
另外，莉莉送给她的外一张剪纸，完全可以代表中国文化。本句使用了定语从句which can fully represent Chinese culture。
For me，what I gave to my grandpa was a smart phone．
对我来说，我给爷爷的是一部智能手机。本句使用了主语从句what I gave to my grandpa。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
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