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安徽省合肥市第一中学2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期中考试试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份安徽省合肥市第一中学2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期中考试试题（Word版附解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
合肥一中2022-2023学年第二学期高二年级期中考试英语试卷
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the speakers probably do?
A. Stay at home. B. Go to the store. C. Drive to their parents’ home.
2. What do we know about the man?
A. He lost his car. B. He was hurt by a truck. C. His car was damaged in an accident.
3. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. See a doctor. B. Rest for a few days. C. Put ice on her knee.
4. Where did the speakers just come from?
A. The school cafeteria. B. A classroom. C. A theater.
5. How much money did the woman have at first?
A. $5. B. $12. C. $17.
第二节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. How does the woman feel without a phone at night?
A. More forgetful. B. More anxious. C. More relaxed.
7. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues. B. Husband and wife. C. Strangers.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What is Julie interested in?
A. Music. B. Business. C. Math.
9. What does Julie think of computer programming?
A. Fun. B. Difficult. C. Boring.
10. What will Julie probably do finally?
A. Take the man’s advice. B. Study what she’s interested in. C. Talk with her school director.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. Where might the speakers be now?
A. At home. B. In a supermarket. C. At the post office.
12. How much did the speakers spend on the stamps?
A. $1.99. B. $3.50. C. $5.90.
13. How does the woman feel at the end?
A. Satisfied. B. Guilty. C. Angry.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. What does the woman do for a living?
A She’s a hostess. B. She’s a director. C. She’s a movie star.
15. Where was the man first discovered by James Cameron?
A. At a farm. B. At a bank. C. At a theater.
16. At what age did the man star in a commercial?
A. At 10. B. At 12. C. At 20.
17. What does the man plan to do with his income from the third film?
A. Donate it to charity. B. Buy his family a farm. C. Get himself something.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18. How old was the speaker when he fell into the water?
A. 5 years old. B. 10 years old. C. 15 years old.
19. What was the reason for the speaker’s unpleasant childhood?
A. Strict school rules. B. A frightening experience. C. His fear of making friends.
20. How did the speaker’s life change?
A. By becoming a teacher. B. By learning how to swim. C. By saving a girl from the water.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
High school programs at the National Gallery of Art value depth over breadth, exploring original works of art through a single specific question or theme.
Studio Workshops
Single museum visit, 2.5 hours Grades 9-12
These half-day art workshops include an in-depth examination and discussion of works of art in the galleries, followed by behind-the-scenes access to the Education Studio, where students create a related art project.
National Gallery of Art educators will encourage students to look carefully at works of art and then share their responses and come up with theories based on their observations.
Students will have the chance to create a work of art in the studio inspired by what they have seen in the galleries.
Museum Makers Exploring Art and Museums
Grades 11-12
The Museum Makers program explains how museums operate and what they have to offer. It gives upper-level high school students the tools to experience, understand and interpret art. Participants will gain an insider’s view of how an art museum works. Students meet for seven Saturday sessions from 10:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m.
Completion of the program requires attendance of all seven sessions.
Creative Writing
Grades 7-12, 90 minutes
Students will provide a voice for their personal responses to art through creative writing while they are looking at a selection of artworks in the galleries. Using close observation, group discussion and personal reflection, they will be guided through exercises that use different writing forms, including free-form poetry.
A maximum of 30 students (minimum of 15) will be accepted at each session.
1. What can students do at Studio Workshops?
A. Get basic training as an artist. B. Put forward their own art theories.
C. Discuss with artists about their works. D. Learn about artists, inspiration for their works.
2. What can students get from Museum Makers?
A. Methods of how artworks are created.
B. Experience in running an art museum.
C. Knowledge about how an art museum works.
D. Academic credits for completing the program.
3. Which group can attend Creative Writing at a session?
A. 15 college students. B. 10 Grade 9 students.
C. 25 Grade 10 students. D. 40 high school students.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个国家美术馆的高中课程。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据High School Studio Workshops下面的“During the workshop, National Gallery of Art educators will encourage students to look carefully at works of art and then share their responses and they will inspire students to develop theories based on their observations(在研讨会期间，国家美术馆的教育工作者将鼓励学生仔细观察艺术作品，然后分享他们的反应，他们将激励学生根据他们的观察提出理论)”可知，学生在High School Studio Workshops可以做的是提出他们自己的艺术理论，故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Museum Makers: Exploring Art and Museums下面的“Participants will gain an insider’s view of how an art museum works.(参与者将获得一个艺术博物馆如何工作的内部观点)”可知，学生能从Museum Makers: Exploring Art and Museums这里学到关于博物馆是如何工作的相关知识，故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一部分“Grades 7-12, 90 minutes；A maximum of 30 students (minimum of 15) will be accepted at each session.(7-12年级，90分钟；每节最多接纳30名学生（最少15名）)”可知，25名10年级学生可以参加创意写作课程。故选C。
B
Yue-Sai Kan was born in 1946 in Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region, and grew up in Hong Kong. In 1968, while majoring in piano at the Hawaii campus of Brigham Young University, Kan entered a beauty contest sponsored by the local Chinese Chamber of Commerce. She won second place, and as a result got to travel around the world. The life-changing experience marked the beginning of her career in fashion, beauty, communication and cultural exchange.
In 1972, she moved to New York and created the weekly television series Looking East, the first of its kind to introduce Asian cultures and customs to a growing US audience. In 1986, Kan returned to China, producing and hosting the television series One World, which was the first show ever hosted by a Chinese-American on the television network, and was a national hit. Other important projects of hers include the ABC documentary China: Walls and Bridges, which initially explored different forms of spirituality in the country over the ages.
“I worked in China for almost 40 years, and I was there to witness and contribute to the country’s breakneck pace of change. This rare experience has given me a unique vision. As I say all the time, if I stay away from China for six months, I already miss so much of what is happening there! The Chinese saying “a year—small change, three years—big change has held true all this time,” Kan says.
Kan has never stopped doing what she loves. She is currently planning to do a 10-part television series exploring and highlighting the most interesting aspects of 10 Chinese cities, including Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Hangzhou and Chengdu. “I firmly believe that a TV series featuring these major Chinese cities is not only timely, but also necessary to educate, enlighten and entertain by showcasing the Chinese people as they live today. This will help dispel some of the misunderstandings about China in the world,” Kan says.
Throughout her life, Kan has also been deeply involved in charity. On Jan 26, she is planning to host a major charity event in San Francisco, in which she will honor 12 of the most outstanding Chinese-American women.
4. What contributes most to starting Kan’s career?
A. Her university major. B. Her interest in travel.
C. Her competition experience. D. Her parents’ encouragement.
5. Which feature do the contents of Kan’s TV projects have in common?
A. They are entertaining. B. They are critical.
C. They are adventurous. D. They are pioneering.
6. What does Kan focus on about China in Para. 3?
A. Its steady change. B. Its huge challenges.
C. Its great achievements. D. Its fast development.
7. Which of the following best describe Kan?
A. Gentle and considerate. B. Optimistic and strict.
C. Generous and humorous. D. Ambitious and kindhearted.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Yue-Sai Kan，她制作了许多轰动一时的电视节目，关注中国的快速发展以及投身慈善事业。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“In 1968, while majoring in piano at the Hawaii campus of Brigham Young University, Kan entered a beauty contest sponsored by the local Chinese Chamber of Commerce. She won second place, and as a result got to travel around the world. The life-changing experience marked the beginning of her career in fashion, beauty, communication and cultural exchange.(1968年，还在美国杨百翰大学夏威夷分校攻读钢琴专业的Kan参加了由当地中国商会主办的选美比赛。她获得了第二名，并因此得以环游世界。这一改变人生的经历标志着她在时尚、美容、沟通和文化交流领域的职业生涯的开始)”可知，比赛经历促成了Kan的职业生涯。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In 1972, she moved to New York and created the weekly television series Looking East, the first of its kind to introduce Asian cultures and customs to a growing US audience. In 1986, Kan returned to China, producing and hosting the television series One World, which was the first show ever hosted by a Chinese-American on the television network, and was a national hit. Other important projects of hers include the ABC documentary China: Walls and Bridges, which initially explored different forms of spirituality in the country over the ages.(1972年，她搬到纽约，创作了每周一次的电视连续剧《望东》，这是第一部向不断增长的美国观众介绍亚洲文化和习俗的电视连续剧。1986年，Kan回到中国，制作并主持了电视剧《同一个世界》，这是第一部由华裔美国人主持的电视节目，并在全国引起了轰动。她的其他重要项目包括ABC纪录片《中国：墙与桥》，它最初探索了中国多年来不同的精神形式)”可知，Kan的电视节目内容的共同之处是都是先锋节目。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“I worked in China for almost 40 years, and I was there to witness and contribute to the country’s breakneck pace of change. This rare experience has given me a unique vision. As I say all the time, if I stay away from China for six months, I already miss so much of what is happening there!(我在中国工作了近40年，见证了这个国家飞速的变化，并为之做出了贡献。这次难得的经历给了我一个独特的视角。就像我一直说的，如果我离开中国六个月，我已经错过了那里发生的很多事情！)”可知，Kan关注中国的快速发展。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“I firmly believe that a TV series featuring these major Chinese cities is not only timely, but also necessary to educate, enlighten and entertain by showcasing the Chinese people as they live today. This will help dispel some of the misunderstandings about China in the world(我坚信，一部以中国主要城市为主题的电视剧不仅是及时的，而且是必要的，通过展示中国人民今天的生活状况来教育、启迪和娱乐。这将有助于消除世界上对中国的一些误解)”以及最后一段“Throughout her life, Kan has also been deeply involved in charity. On Jan 26,she is planning to host a major charity event in San Francisco, in which she will honor 12 of the most outstanding Chinese-American women.(在她的一生中，Kan也深深参与了慈善事业。1月26日，她计划在旧金山举办一场大型慈善活动，向12位最杰出的华裔美国女性致敬)”可推知，Kan善良且有抱负。故选D。
C
“Although we live in an era where everything seems to be available immediately, our study suggests that today’s kids can delay gratification longer than children in the 1960s and 1980s,”said University of Minnesota psychologist Stephanie M. Carlson. “This finding stands in great contrast with the assumption by adults that today’s children have less self-control than previous generations.”
The original marshmallow (棉花糖) test conducted by researchers at Stanford University involved a series of experiments in which children aged between 3 and 5 years were offered one treat that they could eat immediately or a larger treat if they waited. Researchers then left the room to see how long the children would wait and watched from behind a one-way mirror.
Interestingly, today’s adults thought that children nowadays would be more impulsive and less able to wait, Carlson found. “Our findings serve as an example of how our beliefs can be wrong and how it’s important to do research,” said co-author Yuichi Shoda, PhD at the University of Washington.
The researchers offered several possible explanations for why children in the 2000s waited longer than those in prior decades. They noted a statistically significant increase in IQ scores in the last several decades. Another explanation may be society’s increased focus on the importance of early education, according to Carlson. The primary objective of preschool changed from largely custodial care (监护) to school readiness in the 1980s. Parenting also has changed in ways that help promote the development of executive function, such as being more supportive of children’s self-control, the researchers noted.
Walter Mischel of Columbia University who co-authored this paper, noted that “while the results indicate that the children’s ability to delay is not weakened on the marshmallow test, the findings do not speak to their willingness to delay gratification when faced with the many temptations now available in everyday life.”
8. What is the adults’ assumption about today’s children?
A. They are not easy to please.
B. They are less able to control themselves.
C. They don’t like things that are easy to get.
D. They have different personalities from previous generations.
9. What does the underlined word “impulsive” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. productive B. attentive
C. clear-minded D. hot-headed
10. What did the researchers find about children in the 2000s?
A. They are more prepared to go to school.
B They are not as clever as previous generations.
C. They are taught self-control by their teachers.
D. They have better education than previous generations.
11. What does the author want to tell readers in the last paragraph?
A. Most children nowadays can’t resist the temptations of everyday life.
B. Children did not willingly choose to delay gratification in the marshmallow test.
C. The marshmallow test can’t accurately measure children’s ability to delay gratification.
D. Children’s ability to delay gratification is weakened because there are many temptations.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，现在孩子比以前的孩子更具有延迟满足的能力。文章描述了试验内容、结果以及出现这样的结果的原因。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段中的This finding stands in great contrast with the assumption by adults that today’s children have less self-control than previous generations.（这些发现与成人对现在孩子的假设形成鲜明对比：成人认为现在的孩子自我控制力比之前的孩子差）可知，现在成人认为孩子的控制力较差。故选B。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。“and”前后连接两个并列的成份，根据and后的“less able to wait（不愿意去等）”可知成人认为现在的孩子更容易冲动。由此可知划线词意为“冲动的”，与hot-headed意思相近。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“The primary objective of preschool changed from largely custodial care (监护) to school readiness in the 1980s.（20世纪80年代，学前教育的主要目标从主要的监护转变为入学准备）”可推知，2000年左右的孩子更是做好了入学的准备。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Walter 所说的“while the results indicate that the children’s ability to delay is not weakened on the marshmallow test, the findings do not speak to their willingness to delay gratification when faced with the many temptations now available in everyday life.（尽管在棉花糖测试中，结果显示孩子延迟满足的能力没有被减弱，但是不能表明在日常生活中面对很多诱惑时，他们能延迟满足）”可知，在棉花糖测试中孩子们的延迟满足感的能力没有减弱，并不能说明当面临诱惑的时候孩子们愿意选择延迟满足。由此推知，棉花糖测试不能准确测量儿童延迟满足的能力。故选C。
D
Schools in the US and elsewhere are announcing bans on the recently released AI — powered ChatGPT out of fear that students could use the technology to complete their assignments. However, bans may be practically impossible given how difficult it is to detect when text is composed by ChatGPT. Is it instead time to rethink how students are taught and evaluated?
Educators are starting to question what it means to assess student learning if an AI can write an essay or paper similar to, or even better than, a student would — and the teacher can’t tell the difference. Many teachers believe the time-honored learning tradition will be destroyed from the ground up by Chat GPT. The Los Angeles Unified School District in California first blocked the use of ChatGPT on networks and devices in December 2022.
However, removing technology from the classroom can mean undesirable consequences, such as creating more obstacles for students with disabilities, says Trust. Additionally, restricting the use of ChatGPT on school networks and devices can’t stop students from using ChatGPT at home and in libraries.
It is also unclear if anti-cheating software can reliably detect AI-assisted writing. OpenAI is working to develop a digital watermark that can help teachers and academics spot students who are using ChatGPT to write essays. Open AI’s attempts to watermark AI text, however, hit limits.
Instead of worrying about how ChatGPT could enable cheating, educators should ask what motivates students to cheat in the first place and work on developing relationships of trust, says Jesse Stommel at the University of Denver in Colorado.
“Talk to students really frankly about what ChatGPT’s capable of, what it’s not,” says Stommel. “Have students use it to write an essay about Jane Austen and gender dynamics, and then have them read that essay and peer review it and think about what ChatGPT gets right and wrong.”
12. What does the author suggest schools do?
A. Adjust teaching and assessment.
B. Meet different demands from students.
C. Prohibit the use of ChatGPT in classrooms.
D. Break with the traditional teaching method.
13. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. Dark future of ChatGPT. B. Educators’ worrying concern.
C. Crisis of traditional learning. D. Difficulty in telling AI’s writing.
14. What is the author’s attitude toward OpenAI’s watermark technology?
A. Amused. B. Hopeful. C. Shocked. D. Doubtful.
15. What can be inferred from Jesse Stommel?
A. AI helps students tell right and wrong.
B. Students should write about famous writers.
C. Educators should guide students to use AI properly.
D. The trust between teachers and students is hard to form.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要分析了当前美国很多学校宣布禁止最近发布的人工智能驱动的ChatGPT的原因以及人们对这一问题引发的讨论。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据首段中的“However, bans may be practically impossible given how difficult it is to detect when text is composed by ChatGPT. Is it instead time to rethink how students are taught and evaluated?(但是，鉴于检测文本何时由 ChatGPT 组成是多么困难，因此实际上不可能禁止。现在是时候重新思考如何教授和评估学生了吗？)”可知，作者认为推行禁令实际上不太可能，所以用问句的形式提议，到了该重新调整教学和评估的时候了。故选A项。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Educators are starting to question what it means to assess student learning if an AI can write an essay or paper similar to, or even better than, a student would — and the teacher can’t tell the difference. Many teachers believe the time-honored learning tradition will be destroyed from the ground up by Chat GPT.(教育工作者开始质疑，如果人工智能可以写出与学生相似甚至更好的论文或论文，那么评估学生的学习意味着什么——而老师无法分辨出其中的区别。许多教师认为，历史悠久的的学习传统将被聊天GPT从头开始摧毁。)”可知，教育者开始质疑，如果老师分不清是AI还是学生写的作文时，评估学生学习情况的意义，且ChatGPT也完全摧毁这种历史悠久的学习传统，由此可知，该段主要讲的是教育者的担忧。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“OpenAI is working to develop a digital watermark that can help teachers and academics spot students who are using ChatGPT to write essays. OpenAI’s attempts to watermark AI text, however, hit limits.(OpenAI正在努力开发一种数字水印，可以帮助教师和学者发现使用ChatGPT撰写论文的学生。然而，OpenAI为AI文本加水印的尝试达到了极限。)”可知，OpenAI正致力于开发一种数字水印，帮助教师和学者发现使用ChatGPT写论文的学生，但作者认为水印处理技术的尝试有限，由此可推断，作者对OpenAI的水印技术持怀疑态度。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据尾段中的““Talk to students really frankly about what ChatGPT’s capable of, what it’s not,” says Stommel. “Have students use it to write an essay about Jane Austen and gender dynamics, and then have them read that essay and peer review it and think about what ChatGPT gets right and wrong.”(斯托梅尔说：“坦率地和学生们谈谈ChatGPT能做什么，不能做什么。”“让学生用它来写一篇关于简·奥斯汀和性别动态的文章，然后让他们阅读这篇文章，并进行同行评审，思考ChatGPT在哪些方面是对的，哪些是错的。”)”可知，Stommel建议教育者与学生开诚布公的谈谈ChatGPT，然后让他们使用ChatGPT写一篇文章，然后对ChatGPT的文章进行评论，由此可推断Stommel建议教育者正确引导学生使用ChatGPT。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Separation, money troubles, and transitional (过渡的) adjustments are all stressful events to the members of a family. Learning effective skills is key to solving the disagreements.
Schedule a time to talk as a group. When working together, you are more likely to solve family differences. ____16____ . Then, once tempers are cooled, everyone needs to plan to come together and think out a solution to the problem .
Focus on the issue at hand. When disagreements occur, people tend to bring up any and every unresolved issue they have ever faced with the other parties. This blurs the point of the discussion. Try to uncover what is important about the current problem. ____17____ .
Have everyone state what they truly mean. Direct communication is essential to effective conflict resolution. ____18____ . Such “I” statements allow everyone to express themselves while they show respect for other’s listening.
____19____ . Let another know you recognize, value, and accept his thoughts, opinions, or beliefs. Of course, your own opinions may differ greatly, but using validation (确认) demonstrates that you see the other as a human, worthy of respect. Validate your family members by saying something like “I’m really glad that you feel comfortable enough to share this with me” or “I appreciate your willingness to work towards a solution”.
Decide on a solution together. Once everyone has shared their needs, wants, and concerns, consider all the suggestions that each party has provided and look for a middle ground. ____20____ . If necessary, develop a contract or written agreement .
A. Seek professional advice.
B. Show respect for each person’s point of view.
C. Raising old misdeeds will not help resolve this issue.
D. Conflict in the family can affect everyone’s functioning.
E The first step is calming down and agreeing there is a problem.
F. Everyone present should feel good about the proposed solution.
G. Each party should use “I” statements to clearly state your needs and concerns.
【答案】16. E 17. C 18. G 19. B 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何解决家庭分歧。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Schedule a time to talk as a group. When working together, you are more likely to solve family differences.(安排一段时间作为一个小组进行交谈。当你们一起工作时，你们更有可能解决家庭分歧)”以及后文“Then, once tempers are cooled, everyone needs to plan to come together and think out a solution to the problem .(然后，一旦情绪降温，每个人都需要计划团结起来，想出解决问题的办法)” 可知，本空是一句承上启下的句子。E项中的“first”呼应下一句中的“Then”。从语义上，E项中的“calming down”呼应下一句中的“tempers are cooled”。故E选项“第一步是冷静下来，并同意存在问题”符合语境，故选E。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Focus on the issue at hand. When disagreements occur, people tend to bring up any and every unresolved issue they have ever faced with the other parties. This blurs the point of the discussion. Try to uncover what is important about the current problem.(专注于手头的问题。当出现分歧时，人们往往会向其他各方提出他们所面临的任何和每一个未解决的问题。这模糊了讨论的要点。试着找出当前问题的重要之处)”本空位于段末，从语义上是对上一句承接解释，即强调专注当下，不要在意过去，也是对本段第二句的照应句。故C选项“提出过去的不当行为无助于解决这个问题”符合语境，故选C。
【18题详解】
根据后文“Such “I” statements allow everyone to express themselves while they show respect for other’s listening.(这样的“我”陈述让每个人都能表达自己，同时尊重他人的倾听)”可知，根据本空后面句子中的 Such “I” statements可知，此处所填句子应提及“statements”。故G选项“各方应使用“我”的陈述清楚地陈述您的需求和担忧”符合语境，故选G。
【19题详解】
根据后文“Let another know you recognize, value, and accept his thoughts, opinions, or beliefs. Of course, your own opinions may differ greatly, but using validation (确认) demonstrates that you see the other as a human, worthy of respect. Validate your family members by saying something like “I’m really glad that you feel comfortable enough to share this with me” or “I appreciate your willingness to work towards a solution”.(让他人知道你认可、重视并接受他的想法、观点或信仰。当然，你自己的观点可能会有很大的不同，但使用验证表明你认为对方是一个人，值得尊重。通过说“我真的很高兴你能舒服地与我分享这件事”或“我很感激你愿意为解决方案而努力”来验证你的家人)”可知，本空位于段首，是对整段内容的总述。该段主要讲要尊重别人的观点。故B选项“尊重每个人的观点”符合语境，故选B。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Once everyone has shared their needs, wants, and concerns, consider all the suggestions that each party has provided and look for a middle ground.(一旦每个人都分享了他们的需求、愿望和担忧，就要考虑各方提供的所有建议，并寻找中间立场)”可知，本空是对上一句的承接。F项中的“Everyone present”和“the proposed solution”分别呼应上一句中的“each party”和“all the suggestions”。故F选项“在场的每个人都应该对提议的解决方案感到满意”符合语境，故选F。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
If a cheetah, a wolf and a well-trained human all entered a marathon, who would win?
The cheetah would definitely take an early ____21____. The wolf would probably pass the cheetah after a few miles. But at the end of the 26 miles, the human would be the first to cross the ____22____ line.
Humans have only two legs but a(n) ____23____ capacity for running. Our powerful lungs give us the stamina needed to run great distances. And because we can sweat, we can control our body ____24____ while we run. Why are we so good at running? Running was necessary for early human ____25____. Of course, we don’t often need to run for survival these days. All the same, running ____26____ to play an important role in human cultures all over the world.
Marathon running is perhaps the best-known example of human running ____27____. That is because it is a big business. Millions of people worldwide watch on television as elite runners ____28____ for millions of dollars. And, of course, businesses ____29____ products such as athletic shoes during the competition.
How does someone become an elite marathoner? The _____30_____ runners of Kenya seem to have found the answer. Iten is a small farming town in Kenya’s western highlands. It is also home to seven of the world’s top ten marathon winners. Most of them are _____31_____ of the Kalenjin tribe. They tend to have _____32_____ bodies for running. Their slim bodies, long legs and short waists concentrate _____33_____ where a runner needs it most — the legs.
And because Iten is 8,000 feet above sea level, the Kalenjini _____34_____ an enormous lung capacity. They need it to get oxygen out of the thin air. This gives the Kalenjini an important _____35_____ when they compete in races at lower altitude.
21. A. end B. lead C. start D. jump
22. A. finish B. parallel C. boundary D. vertical
23. A. limited B. reduced C. intelligent D. incredible
24. A. balance B. performance C. temperature D. guard
25. A. conflict B. spirit C. prosperity D. survival
26. A. fails B. ceases C. continues D. declines
27. A. innovation B. history C. speed D. culture
28. A. pay B. account C. compete D. search
29. A. promote B. purchase C. award D. restrict
30. A. backward B. stubborn C. responsible D. legendary
31. A. guests B. members C. coaches D. referees
32. A. ideal B. fragile C. rigid D. flexible
33. A. attention B. resilience C. power D. oxygen
34. A. release B. develop C. calculate D. devise
35. A. edge B. inspiration C. impression D. obstacle
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，人类有着令人难以置信的奔跑能力，跑步仍然在世界各地的人类文化中发挥着重要作用，并以马拉松为例进行说明什么造就了精英马拉松选手。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：猎豹肯定会提前取得领先。A. end结束；B. lead(竞赛中的)领先地位；C. start开始；D. jump跳跃。由上文的“If a cheetah, a wolf and a well-trained human all entered a marathon, who would win? (如果一只猎豹、一只狼和一个训练有素的人类都参加了马拉松比赛，谁会赢？)”和常识可知，猎豹速度快，肯定会提前取得领先。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：但在26英里的终点，人类将是第一个冲过终点线的人。A. finish最后部分；B. parallel平行的；C. boundary边界；D. vertical垂直的。由上文的“But at the end of the 26 miles”可知，猎豹和狼速度虽快，但比赛最后人类将会第一个冲过终点线（finish line）。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人类只有两条腿，但却有着令人难以置信的奔跑能力。A. limited有限的；B. reduced减少的；C. intelligent聪明的；D. incredible难以置信的。由上文语境可知，猎豹和狼速度虽快，但比赛最后人类将会第一个冲过终点线，可得出人类的奔跑能力令人难以置信。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为我们可以出汗，所以我们可以在跑步时控制体温。A. balance平衡；B. performance表现；C. temperature温度；D. guard警卫。由上文的“we can sweat”可知，跑步出汗是为了控制体温。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：跑步是人类早期生存所必需。A. conflict冲突；；B. spirit精神；C. prosperity繁荣；D. survival生存。呼应下文的“Of course, we don’t often need to run for survival these days. (当然，现在我们并不经常需要为了生存而奔跑)”讲人类早期为生存而跑步。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，跑步仍然在世界各地的人类文化中发挥着重要作用。A. fails失败；B. ceases停止；C. continues继续；D. declines减少。由下文的“Marathon running is perhaps the best-known example of human running ____7____. (马拉松也许是人类跑步____7____中最著名的例子)”和“Millions of people worldwide watch on television as elite runners (全世界数百万人在电视上观看精英马拉松跑步者)”可知，跑步在世界各地的人类文化中继续发挥着重要作用。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：马拉松也许是人类跑步文化中最著名的例子。A. innovation创新；B. history历史；C. speed速度；D. culture文化。呼应上文的“All the same, running ____6____ to play an important role in human cultures all over the world. (尽管如此，跑步仍然在世界各地的人类文化中发挥着重要作用)”，以马拉松为例，讲跑步在世界各地的人类文化中继续发挥着重要作用。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：全世界数百万人在电视上观看精英马拉松跑步者争夺数百万美元的比赛。A. pay支付；B. account认为是；C. compete参加比赛；D. search搜寻。由本处的“as elite runners ____8____ for millions of dollars”可知，精英马拉松跑步者为争夺数百万美元而参加马拉松比赛。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，企业也会在比赛期间推广运动鞋等产品。A. promote推广；B. purchase购买；C. award奖励；D. restrict限制。由本处businesses 和常识可知，企业会在比赛期间推广运动鞋等产品。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：肯尼亚的传奇跑步者似乎已经找到了答案。A. backward向后的；B. stubborn顽固的；C. responsible负责的；D. legendary传奇的。由下文的“Iten is a small farming town in Kenya’s western highlands. It is also home to seven of the world’s top ten marathon winners. (Iten是肯尼亚西部高地的一个农业小镇。这里也是世界十大马拉松冠军中七位的所在地)”可知，肯尼亚拥有许多传奇跑步者。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们大多数是卡伦基尼部落的成员。A. guests客人；B. members成员；C. coaches教练；D. referees裁判。由上文的“It is also home to seven of the world’s top ten marathon winners. (这里也是世界十大马拉松冠军中七位的所在地)”可知，此处指马拉松冠军们大多数是卡伦基尼部落的成员。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：卡伦基尼人往往拥有理想的跑步身体。A. ideal理想的；B. fragile脆弱的；C. rigid严格死板的；D. flexible灵活的。由下文的“Their slim bodies, long legs and short waists (卡伦基尼人有苗条的身体、长腿和短腰)”可知，马拉松冠军们大多数是卡伦基尼人，可得出卡伦基尼人往往拥有理想的跑步身体。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们苗条的身体、长腿和短腰将力量集中在跑步者最需要的地方——腿部。A. attention注意力；B. resilience弹力；C. power力量；D. oxygen氧气。由上文语境可知，卡伦基尼人往往拥有理想的跑步身体，善于跑步，可以把身体力量集中在腿部。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于Iten海拔8000英尺，卡伦基尼人的肺活量很大。A. release释放；B. develop发展、(使)成长；C. calculate计算；D. devise设计。由上文的“And because Iten is 8,000 feet above sea level”，下文的“They need it to get oxygen out of the thin air. (他们需要大的肺活量来从稀薄的空气中获取氧气)”和常识可知，高海拔使得人的肺活量变大。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这使卡伦基尼人在低海拔比赛中具有重要优势。A. edge优势；B. inspiration灵感；C. impression印象；D. obstacle障碍。由上文的They need it to get oxygen out of the thin air. (他们需要大的肺活量来从稀薄的空气中获取氧气)”可知，卡伦基尼人往往拥有理想的跑步身体，善于跑步，马拉松冠军们大多数是卡伦基尼部落的成员，卡伦基尼人的肺活量很大使他们在低海拔比赛中具有重要优势。故选A项。
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Great Wall of the ancient Qi State,the oldest____36____(exist) Great Wall in China, stretches across Shandong for more than 600 kilometers. It____37____(build) during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.
“Historical records say the Qi State built the wall here to defend itself____38____its enemies, as well as to stop flooding____39____(effective),” says An Xingzhu, who worked at the town’s culture station for more than three decades. A key task of the station is____40____(protect) cultural relics.
In the 1970s，parts of the rammed earth wall(夯土墙)were dug out and used by farmers for their land, but since the early 1990s, the local government____41____(start) to take measures to protect the wall.
Rapid development and____42____(construct) have brought many new problems and challenges in protecting the wall.____43____is necessary to provide a solid legal guarantee for its conservation. To tackle the challenges, Shandong Province has passed a regulation protecting the structure____44____will take effect on Jan. 1.
It states that local governments will establish a dynamic conservation system using remote sensing satellites, drones, information platforms and other technological_____45_____(mean) to monitor the Great Wall.
【答案】36. existing
37. was built
38. against##from
39. effectively
40. to protect
41. has started
42. construction
43. It 44. that##which
45. means
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国现存最古老的长城——古齐国的长城。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：古齐国的长城是中国现存最古老的长城，横跨山东，绵延600多公里。分析句子，句中stretches为谓语动词，设空处应该使用exist的现在分词作定语，意为“现存的”。故填existing。
【37题详解】
考查动词。句意：它建于春秋战国时期。分析句子，设空处应该使用动词作谓语。句子表述过去事实故使用一般过去时。同时it与build之间是被动关系，故使用一般过去时被动语态。故填was built。
【38题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：历史记载说，齐国在这里建造城墙是为了抵御敌人，也能有效地阻止洪水。句中defend…from/against…为固定短语，意为“抵御”。故填against或from。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处应该使用effective的副词effectively修饰动词stop flooding作状语，意为“有效地”。故填effectively。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：该站的一项关键任务是保护文物。分析句子句中is为谓语动词，设空处应该使用不定式作表语，表示目的。故填to protect。
【41题详解】
考查动词。句意：20世纪70年代，部分夯土墙被挖出来供农民耕种，但从90年代初开始，当地政府开始采取措施保护这堵墙。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，此处表示动作发生在过去持续到现在，故使用现在完成时。故填has started。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：快速的发展和建设给长城的保护带来了许多新的问题和挑战。分析句子，设空处应该使用construct的名词construction作主语，意为“建设”。故填construction。
【43题详解】
考查代词。句意：必须为其保护提供坚实的法律保障。分析句子，设空处使用代词作主语，句中it is+形容词+to do为固定句型，it为形式主语，真正的主语为不定式结构。故填it。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：为了应对这一挑战，山东省已经通过了一项保护该结构的规定，该规定将于1月1日生效。分析句子，设空处引导的是限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指代前文的structure，为物，故用that或者which。故填that或者which。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：该方案指出，地方政府将利用遥感卫星、无人机、信息平台和其他技术手段建立动态保护系统，对长城进行监测。分析句子，设空处应该使用mean的名词means作宾语,意为“方式”，此处表示复数意义。故填means。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 你是某国际学校学生会主席。你校准备组织一次“让文物活起来”（Bring Cultural Relics to Life）的活动，请你用英语写一篇开幕辞，欢迎参加活动的师生。内容包括：
1. 表示欢迎；
2. 活动目的；
3. 活动内容。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右。
2. 参考词汇：手工艺品artifact。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】one possible version
Dear teachers and fellow students,
Welcome to take part in the activity called Bring Cultural Relics to Life. In order to enrich students’ school life and make us know more about our cultural relics, our school holds the activity.
The activity consists of two parts. At the beginning, the headmaster will deliver a speech at the opening ceremony, making a short introduction to cultural relics. After that, some cultural relics such as artifacts, paintings and so on will be displayed, from which we can have a better understanding of our history.
Hopefully, you can enjoy yourselves!
Another version
Dear teachers and fellow students,
Welcome to our "Bringing Cultural Relics to Life" event. As president of the Student Union, I'm honored to have the opportunity to open this wonderful occasion.
The purpose of this event is to encourage everyone to explore the history and culture behind the artifacts and appreciate their beauty. There will be an exhibition featuring various cultural artifacts brought by students which have been passed down through their families. Also, we will be holding a work shop where students are encouraged to create their own cultural artifacts that look like cultural relics in ancient times.
Thank you for your attendance, and I wish you all a meaningful and enjoyable experience
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生就你校准备组织的“让文物活起来”（Bring Cultural Relics to Life）的活动，用英语写一篇开幕辞，欢迎参加活动的师生。内容包括：表示欢迎；活动目的；活动内容。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：take part in→participate in
首先：At the beginning→To begin with
发表演讲：deliver a speech→give a speech
展示：display→show
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Welcome to take part in the activity called Bring Cultural Relics to Life.
拓展句：Welcome to take part in the activity which is called Bring Cultural Relics to Life.
【点睛】[高分句型1] At the beginning, the headmaster will deliver a speech at the opening ceremony, making a short introduction to cultural relics. (运用了非谓语作状语)
[高分句型2] After that, some cultural relics such as artifacts, paintings and so on will be displayed, from which we can have a better understanding of our history. (运用了介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The boys and girls picked up the bus to Fort Lauderdale. Vingo was on board from the beginning.
As the bus passed through Jersey, they began to notice that Vingo never moved. He sat in front of the young people, frozen into silence.
Somewhere outside of Washington, the bus pulled into a Howard Johnson’s, and everybody got off except Vingo. He sat rooted in his seat, and the young people began to wonder about him, trying to imagine his life. When they went back to the bus, the girl sat beside him and introduced herself.
“Want some wine?” she said. He smiled and took the bottle. He thanked her and retreated again into silence. After a while, she went back to the others, as Vingo nodded into sleep.
In the morning they awoke outside another Howard Johnson’s, and this time Vingo went in. The girl insisted that he join them. When they went back on the bus, the girl sat with Vingo again, after a while, slowly and painfully and with great hesitation, he began to tell his story. He had been in jail in New York for the last four years, and now he was going home.
“When I was in jail I wrote to my wife,” he said. “I told her, I understand if you can’t stay married to me, get a new guy and forget about me. And she didn’t write to me. Not for three and a half years.”
“And you’re going home now, not knowing?”
“Yeah,” he said shyly. “Last week, I wrote her. I told her that if she had a new guy, I under-stood. But if she didn’t, if she would take me back she should let me know. We used to live in Brunswick, with a great big oak tree. I told her if she would take me back, she should put a yellow handkerchief on the tree, and I would get off and come home. If she didn’t want me, forget it, no handkerchief, and I’d keep going on.”
“Wow,” the girl said. “Wow.”
She told the others, and soon all of them were in it, caught up in the approach of Brunswick, looking at the pictures Vingo showed them of his wife and three children.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式作答。
Paragraph 1 Now they were twenty miles from Brunswick.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2 Then suddenly all of the young people were up out of their seats.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Now they were twenty miles from Brunswick. And the young people took over window seats on the right side, waiting for the approach of the great oak tree. Vingo stopped looking, tightening his face into the ex-con’s mask, as if fortifying himself against still another disappointment. Then it was ten miles, and then five. The bus acquired a dark hushed mood, full of silence, of absence, of lost years, of the woman’s plain face, of the sudden letter on the breakfast table, of the wonder of children, of the iron bars of solitude.
Then suddenly all of the young people were up out of their seats. They were screaming and shouting and crying, doing small dances, shaking clenched fists in triumph and exaltation. All except Vingo. Vingo sat there stunned, looking at the oak tree. It was covered with yellow handkerchiefs twenty of them, thirty of them, maybe hundreds, a tree that stood like a banner of welcome blowing and billowing in the wind, turned into a gorgeous yellow blur by the passing bus. As the young people shouted, the old con slowly rose from his seat, holding himself tightly, and made his way to the front of the bus to go home.
【解析】
【导语】本文故事情节的发展为线索展开，讲述了刚刚在纽约监狱出来的Vingo与一群前往劳德代尔堡的孩子们在一辆公共汽车上，他的始终沉默引起了年轻人们的注意，他向年轻人们讲述了与妻子的约定，现在一直期待着见到约定好的在大橡树上挂着的黄色手帕，离目的地越近，Vingo越是紧张，年轻人们也跟他一起期待着这一刻的到来。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“现在他们离不伦瑞克二十英里。”可知，第一段可描写年轻人们以及Vingo在接近目的地时的心理状态以及车上气氛。
②由第二段首句内容“突然间，所有的年轻人都从座位上站了起来。”可知，第二段可描写年轻人们都站起来的原因以及接下来所看到的一切以及Vingo的喜悦之情。
2.续写线索：接近目的地——汽车上的气氛——全体起立——黄手帕出现——Vingo激动的表现
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.加强：fortify/strengthen/enhance
②.坐着：sit/be seated
③.回家：go home/return home
情绪类
①.紧张：tighten one’s face/stressed out/nervous
②.惊讶：stunned/surprised/shocked
【点睛】[高分句型1]. And the young people took over window seats on the right side, waiting for the approach of the great oak tree. （运用了现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2]. Vingo stopped looking, tightening his face into the ex-con’s mask, as if fortifying himself against still another disappointment. （运用了状语从句的省略）
[高分句型3]. The bus acquired a dark hushed mood, full of silence, of absence, of lost years, of the woman’s plain face, of the sudden letter on the breakfast table, of the wonder of children, of the iron bars of solitude. （运用了形容词短语作状语）
听力1-5 CCBCB 6-10CAACB 11-15ABAAB 16-20 BCABC
合肥一中2022-2023学年第二学期高二年级期中考试英语试卷
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the speakers probably do?
A. Stay at home. B. Go to the store. C. Drive to their parents’ home.
2. What do we know about the man?
A. He lost his car. B. He was hurt by a truck. C. His car was damaged in an accident.
3. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. See a doctor. B. Rest for a few days. C. Put ice on her knee.
4. Where did the speakers just come from?
A. The school cafeteria. B. A classroom. C. A theater.
5. How much money did the woman have at first?
A. $5. B. $12. C. $17.
第二节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. How does the woman feel without a phone at night?
A. More forgetful. B. More anxious. C. More relaxed.
7. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues. B. Husband and wife. C. Strangers.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What is Julie interested in?
A. Music. B. Business. C. Math.
9. What does Julie think of computer programming?
A. Fun. B. Difficult. C. Boring.
10. What will Julie probably do finally?
A. Take the man’s advice. B. Study what she’s interested in. C. Talk with her school director.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. Where might the speakers be now?
A. At home. B. In a supermarket. C. At the post office.
12. How much did the speakers spend on the stamps?
A. $1.99. B. $3.50. C. $5.90.
13. How does the woman feel at the end?
A. Satisfied. B. Guilty. C. Angry.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. What does the woman do for a living?
A She’s a hostess. B. She’s a director. C. She’s a movie star.
15. Where was the man first discovered by James Cameron?
A. At a farm. B. At a bank. C. At a theater.
16. At what age did the man star in a commercial?
A. At 10. B. At 12. C. At 20.
17. What does the man plan to do with his income from the third film?
A. Donate it to charity. B. Buy his family a farm. C. Get himself something.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18. How old was the speaker when he fell into the water?
A. 5 years old. B. 10 years old. C. 15 years old.
19. What was the reason for the speaker’s unpleasant childhood?
A. Strict school rules. B. A frightening experience. C. His fear of making friends.
20. How did the speaker’s life change?
A. By becoming a teacher. B. By learning how to swim. C. By saving a girl from the water.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
High school programs at the National Gallery of Art value depth over breadth, exploring original works of art through a single specific question or theme.
Studio Workshops
Single museum visit, 2.5 hours Grades 9-12
These half-day art workshops include an in-depth examination and discussion of works of art in the galleries, followed by behind-the-scenes access to the Education Studio, where students create a related art project.
National Gallery of Art educators will encourage students to look carefully at works of art and then share their responses and come up with theories based on their observations.
Students will have the chance to create a work of art in the studio inspired by what they have seen in the galleries.
Museum Makers Exploring Art and Museums
Grades 11-12
The Museum Makers program explains how museums operate and what they have to offer. It gives upper-level high school students the tools to experience, understand and interpret art. Participants will gain an insider’s view of how an art museum works. Students meet for seven Saturday sessions from 10:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m.
Completion of the program requires attendance of all seven sessions.
Creative Writing
Grades 7-12, 90 minutes
Students will provide a voice for their personal responses to art through creative writing while they are looking at a selection of artworks in the galleries. Using close observation, group discussion and personal reflection, they will be guided through exercises that use different writing forms, including free-form poetry.
A maximum of 30 students (minimum of 15) will be accepted at each session.
1. What can students do at Studio Workshops?
A. Get basic training as an artist. B. Put forward their own art theories.
C. Discuss with artists about their works. D. Learn about artists, inspiration for their works.
2. What can students get from Museum Makers?
A. Methods of how artworks are created.
B. Experience in running an art museum.
C. Knowledge about how an art museum works.
D. Academic credits for completing the program.
3. Which group can attend Creative Writing at a session?
A. 15 college students. B. 10 Grade 9 students.
C. 25 Grade 10 students. D. 40 high school students.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个国家美术馆的高中课程。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据High School Studio Workshops下面的“During the workshop, National Gallery of Art educators will encourage students to look carefully at works of art and then share their responses and they will inspire students to develop theories based on their observations(在研讨会期间，国家美术馆的教育工作者将鼓励学生仔细观察艺术作品，然后分享他们的反应，他们将激励学生根据他们的观察提出理论)”可知，学生在High School Studio Workshops可以做的是提出他们自己的艺术理论，故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Museum Makers: Exploring Art and Museums下面的“Participants will gain an insider’s view of how an art museum works.(参与者将获得一个艺术博物馆如何工作的内部观点)”可知，学生能从Museum Makers: Exploring Art and Museums这里学到关于博物馆是如何工作的相关知识，故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一部分“Grades 7-12, 90 minutes；A maximum of 30 students (minimum of 15) will be accepted at each session.(7-12年级，90分钟；每节最多接纳30名学生（最少15名）)”可知，25名10年级学生可以参加创意写作课程。故选C。
B
Yue-Sai Kan was born in 1946 in Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region, and grew up in Hong Kong. In 1968, while majoring in piano at the Hawaii campus of Brigham Young University, Kan entered a beauty contest sponsored by the local Chinese Chamber of Commerce. She won second place, and as a result got to travel around the world. The life-changing experience marked the beginning of her career in fashion, beauty, communication and cultural exchange.
In 1972, she moved to New York and created the weekly television series Looking East, the first of its kind to introduce Asian cultures and customs to a growing US audience. In 1986, Kan returned to China, producing and hosting the television series One World, which was the first show ever hosted by a Chinese-American on the television network, and was a national hit. Other important projects of hers include the ABC documentary China: Walls and Bridges, which initially explored different forms of spirituality in the country over the ages.
“I worked in China for almost 40 years, and I was there to witness and contribute to the country’s breakneck pace of change. This rare experience has given me a unique vision. As I say all the time, if I stay away from China for six months, I already miss so much of what is happening there! The Chinese saying “a year—small change, three years—big change has held true all this time,” Kan says.
Kan has never stopped doing what she loves. She is currently planning to do a 10-part television series exploring and highlighting the most interesting aspects of 10 Chinese cities, including Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Hangzhou and Chengdu. “I firmly believe that a TV series featuring these major Chinese cities is not only timely, but also necessary to educate, enlighten and entertain by showcasing the Chinese people as they live today. This will help dispel some of the misunderstandings about China in the world,” Kan says.
Throughout her life, Kan has also been deeply involved in charity. On Jan 26, she is planning to host a major charity event in San Francisco, in which she will honor 12 of the most outstanding Chinese-American women.
4. What contributes most to starting Kan’s career?
A. Her university major. B. Her interest in travel.
C. Her competition experience. D. Her parents’ encouragement.
5. Which feature do the contents of Kan’s TV projects have in common?
A. They are entertaining. B. They are critical.
C. They are adventurous. D. They are pioneering.
6. What does Kan focus on about China in Para. 3?
A. Its steady change. B. Its huge challenges.
C. Its great achievements. D. Its fast development.
7. Which of the following best describe Kan?
A. Gentle and considerate. B. Optimistic and strict.
C. Generous and humorous. D. Ambitious and kindhearted.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Yue-Sai Kan，她制作了许多轰动一时的电视节目，关注中国的快速发展以及投身慈善事业。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“In 1968, while majoring in piano at the Hawaii campus of Brigham Young University, Kan entered a beauty contest sponsored by the local Chinese Chamber of Commerce. She won second place, and as a result got to travel around the world. The life-changing experience marked the beginning of her career in fashion, beauty, communication and cultural exchange.(1968年，还在美国杨百翰大学夏威夷分校攻读钢琴专业的Kan参加了由当地中国商会主办的选美比赛。她获得了第二名，并因此得以环游世界。这一改变人生的经历标志着她在时尚、美容、沟通和文化交流领域的职业生涯的开始)”可知，比赛经历促成了Kan的职业生涯。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In 1972, she moved to New York and created the weekly television series Looking East, the first of its kind to introduce Asian cultures and customs to a growing US audience. In 1986, Kan returned to China, producing and hosting the television series One World, which was the first show ever hosted by a Chinese-American on the television network, and was a national hit. Other important projects of hers include the ABC documentary China: Walls and Bridges, which initially explored different forms of spirituality in the country over the ages.(1972年，她搬到纽约，创作了每周一次的电视连续剧《望东》，这是第一部向不断增长的美国观众介绍亚洲文化和习俗的电视连续剧。1986年，Kan回到中国，制作并主持了电视剧《同一个世界》，这是第一部由华裔美国人主持的电视节目，并在全国引起了轰动。她的其他重要项目包括ABC纪录片《中国：墙与桥》，它最初探索了中国多年来不同的精神形式)”可知，Kan的电视节目内容的共同之处是都是先锋节目。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“I worked in China for almost 40 years, and I was there to witness and contribute to the country’s breakneck pace of change. This rare experience has given me a unique vision. As I say all the time, if I stay away from China for six months, I already miss so much of what is happening there!(我在中国工作了近40年，见证了这个国家飞速的变化，并为之做出了贡献。这次难得的经历给了我一个独特的视角。就像我一直说的，如果我离开中国六个月，我已经错过了那里发生的很多事情！)”可知，Kan关注中国的快速发展。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“I firmly believe that a TV series featuring these major Chinese cities is not only timely, but also necessary to educate, enlighten and entertain by showcasing the Chinese people as they live today. This will help dispel some of the misunderstandings about China in the world(我坚信，一部以中国主要城市为主题的电视剧不仅是及时的，而且是必要的，通过展示中国人民今天的生活状况来教育、启迪和娱乐。这将有助于消除世界上对中国的一些误解)”以及最后一段“Throughout her life, Kan has also been deeply involved in charity. On Jan 26,she is planning to host a major charity event in San Francisco, in which she will honor 12 of the most outstanding Chinese-American women.(在她的一生中，Kan也深深参与了慈善事业。1月26日，她计划在旧金山举办一场大型慈善活动，向12位最杰出的华裔美国女性致敬)”可推知，Kan善良且有抱负。故选D。
C
“Although we live in an era where everything seems to be available immediately, our study suggests that today’s kids can delay gratification longer than children in the 1960s and 1980s,”said University of Minnesota psychologist Stephanie M. Carlson. “This finding stands in great contrast with the assumption by adults that today’s children have less self-control than previous generations.”
The original marshmallow (棉花糖) test conducted by researchers at Stanford University involved a series of experiments in which children aged between 3 and 5 years were offered one treat that they could eat immediately or a larger treat if they waited. Researchers then left the room to see how long the children would wait and watched from behind a one-way mirror.
Interestingly, today’s adults thought that children nowadays would be more impulsive and less able to wait, Carlson found. “Our findings serve as an example of how our beliefs can be wrong and how it’s important to do research,” said co-author Yuichi Shoda, PhD at the University of Washington.
The researchers offered several possible explanations for why children in the 2000s waited longer than those in prior decades. They noted a statistically significant increase in IQ scores in the last several decades. Another explanation may be society’s increased focus on the importance of early education, according to Carlson. The primary objective of preschool changed from largely custodial care (监护) to school readiness in the 1980s. Parenting also has changed in ways that help promote the development of executive function, such as being more supportive of children’s self-control, the researchers noted.
Walter Mischel of Columbia University who co-authored this paper, noted that “while the results indicate that the children’s ability to delay is not weakened on the marshmallow test, the findings do not speak to their willingness to delay gratification when faced with the many temptations now available in everyday life.”
8. What is the adults’ assumption about today’s children?
A. They are not easy to please.
B. They are less able to control themselves.
C. They don’t like things that are easy to get.
D. They have different personalities from previous generations.
9. What does the underlined word “impulsive” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. productive B. attentive
C. clear-minded D. hot-headed
10. What did the researchers find about children in the 2000s?
A. They are more prepared to go to school.
B They are not as clever as previous generations.
C. They are taught self-control by their teachers.
D. They have better education than previous generations.
11. What does the author want to tell readers in the last paragraph?
A. Most children nowadays can’t resist the temptations of everyday life.
B. Children did not willingly choose to delay gratification in the marshmallow test.
C. The marshmallow test can’t accurately measure children’s ability to delay gratification.
D. Children’s ability to delay gratification is weakened because there are many temptations.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，现在孩子比以前的孩子更具有延迟满足的能力。文章描述了试验内容、结果以及出现这样的结果的原因。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段中的This finding stands in great contrast with the assumption by adults that today’s children have less self-control than previous generations.（这些发现与成人对现在孩子的假设形成鲜明对比：成人认为现在的孩子自我控制力比之前的孩子差）可知，现在成人认为孩子的控制力较差。故选B。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。“and”前后连接两个并列的成份，根据and后的“less able to wait（不愿意去等）”可知成人认为现在的孩子更容易冲动。由此可知划线词意为“冲动的”，与hot-headed意思相近。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“The primary objective of preschool changed from largely custodial care (监护) to school readiness in the 1980s.（20世纪80年代，学前教育的主要目标从主要的监护转变为入学准备）”可推知，2000年左右的孩子更是做好了入学的准备。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Walter 所说的“while the results indicate that the children’s ability to delay is not weakened on the marshmallow test, the findings do not speak to their willingness to delay gratification when faced with the many temptations now available in everyday life.（尽管在棉花糖测试中，结果显示孩子延迟满足的能力没有被减弱，但是不能表明在日常生活中面对很多诱惑时，他们能延迟满足）”可知，在棉花糖测试中孩子们的延迟满足感的能力没有减弱，并不能说明当面临诱惑的时候孩子们愿意选择延迟满足。由此推知，棉花糖测试不能准确测量儿童延迟满足的能力。故选C。
D
Schools in the US and elsewhere are announcing bans on the recently released AI — powered ChatGPT out of fear that students could use the technology to complete their assignments. However, bans may be practically impossible given how difficult it is to detect when text is composed by ChatGPT. Is it instead time to rethink how students are taught and evaluated?
Educators are starting to question what it means to assess student learning if an AI can write an essay or paper similar to, or even better than, a student would — and the teacher can’t tell the difference. Many teachers believe the time-honored learning tradition will be destroyed from the ground up by Chat GPT. The Los Angeles Unified School District in California first blocked the use of ChatGPT on networks and devices in December 2022.
However, removing technology from the classroom can mean undesirable consequences, such as creating more obstacles for students with disabilities, says Trust. Additionally, restricting the use of ChatGPT on school networks and devices can’t stop students from using ChatGPT at home and in libraries.
It is also unclear if anti-cheating software can reliably detect AI-assisted writing. OpenAI is working to develop a digital watermark that can help teachers and academics spot students who are using ChatGPT to write essays. Open AI’s attempts to watermark AI text, however, hit limits.
Instead of worrying about how ChatGPT could enable cheating, educators should ask what motivates students to cheat in the first place and work on developing relationships of trust, says Jesse Stommel at the University of Denver in Colorado.
“Talk to students really frankly about what ChatGPT’s capable of, what it’s not,” says Stommel. “Have students use it to write an essay about Jane Austen and gender dynamics, and then have them read that essay and peer review it and think about what ChatGPT gets right and wrong.”
12. What does the author suggest schools do?
A. Adjust teaching and assessment.
B. Meet different demands from students.
C. Prohibit the use of ChatGPT in classrooms.
D. Break with the traditional teaching method.
13. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. Dark future of ChatGPT. B. Educators’ worrying concern.
C. Crisis of traditional learning. D. Difficulty in telling AI’s writing.
14. What is the author’s attitude toward OpenAI’s watermark technology?
A. Amused. B. Hopeful. C. Shocked. D. Doubtful.
15. What can be inferred from Jesse Stommel?
A. AI helps students tell right and wrong.
B. Students should write about famous writers.
C. Educators should guide students to use AI properly.
D. The trust between teachers and students is hard to form.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要分析了当前美国很多学校宣布禁止最近发布的人工智能驱动的ChatGPT的原因以及人们对这一问题引发的讨论。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据首段中的“However, bans may be practically impossible given how difficult it is to detect when text is composed by ChatGPT. Is it instead time to rethink how students are taught and evaluated?(但是，鉴于检测文本何时由 ChatGPT 组成是多么困难，因此实际上不可能禁止。现在是时候重新思考如何教授和评估学生了吗？)”可知，作者认为推行禁令实际上不太可能，所以用问句的形式提议，到了该重新调整教学和评估的时候了。故选A项。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Educators are starting to question what it means to assess student learning if an AI can write an essay or paper similar to, or even better than, a student would — and the teacher can’t tell the difference. Many teachers believe the time-honored learning tradition will be destroyed from the ground up by Chat GPT.(教育工作者开始质疑，如果人工智能可以写出与学生相似甚至更好的论文或论文，那么评估学生的学习意味着什么——而老师无法分辨出其中的区别。许多教师认为，历史悠久的的学习传统将被聊天GPT从头开始摧毁。)”可知，教育者开始质疑，如果老师分不清是AI还是学生写的作文时，评估学生学习情况的意义，且ChatGPT也完全摧毁这种历史悠久的学习传统，由此可知，该段主要讲的是教育者的担忧。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“OpenAI is working to develop a digital watermark that can help teachers and academics spot students who are using ChatGPT to write essays. OpenAI’s attempts to watermark AI text, however, hit limits.(OpenAI正在努力开发一种数字水印，可以帮助教师和学者发现使用ChatGPT撰写论文的学生。然而，OpenAI为AI文本加水印的尝试达到了极限。)”可知，OpenAI正致力于开发一种数字水印，帮助教师和学者发现使用ChatGPT写论文的学生，但作者认为水印处理技术的尝试有限，由此可推断，作者对OpenAI的水印技术持怀疑态度。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据尾段中的““Talk to students really frankly about what ChatGPT’s capable of, what it’s not,” says Stommel. “Have students use it to write an essay about Jane Austen and gender dynamics, and then have them read that essay and peer review it and think about what ChatGPT gets right and wrong.”(斯托梅尔说：“坦率地和学生们谈谈ChatGPT能做什么，不能做什么。”“让学生用它来写一篇关于简·奥斯汀和性别动态的文章，然后让他们阅读这篇文章，并进行同行评审，思考ChatGPT在哪些方面是对的，哪些是错的。”)”可知，Stommel建议教育者与学生开诚布公的谈谈ChatGPT，然后让他们使用ChatGPT写一篇文章，然后对ChatGPT的文章进行评论，由此可推断Stommel建议教育者正确引导学生使用ChatGPT。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Separation, money troubles, and transitional (过渡的) adjustments are all stressful events to the members of a family. Learning effective skills is key to solving the disagreements.
Schedule a time to talk as a group. When working together, you are more likely to solve family differences. ____16____ . Then, once tempers are cooled, everyone needs to plan to come together and think out a solution to the problem .
Focus on the issue at hand. When disagreements occur, people tend to bring up any and every unresolved issue they have ever faced with the other parties. This blurs the point of the discussion. Try to uncover what is important about the current problem. ____17____ .
Have everyone state what they truly mean. Direct communication is essential to effective conflict resolution. ____18____ . Such “I” statements allow everyone to express themselves while they show respect for other’s listening.
____19____ . Let another know you recognize, value, and accept his thoughts, opinions, or beliefs. Of course, your own opinions may differ greatly, but using validation (确认) demonstrates that you see the other as a human, worthy of respect. Validate your family members by saying something like “I’m really glad that you feel comfortable enough to share this with me” or “I appreciate your willingness to work towards a solution”.
Decide on a solution together. Once everyone has shared their needs, wants, and concerns, consider all the suggestions that each party has provided and look for a middle ground. ____20____ . If necessary, develop a contract or written agreement .
A. Seek professional advice.
B. Show respect for each person’s point of view.
C. Raising old misdeeds will not help resolve this issue.
D. Conflict in the family can affect everyone’s functioning.
E The first step is calming down and agreeing there is a problem.
F. Everyone present should feel good about the proposed solution.
G. Each party should use “I” statements to clearly state your needs and concerns.
【答案】16. E 17. C 18. G 19. B 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何解决家庭分歧。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Schedule a time to talk as a group. When working together, you are more likely to solve family differences.(安排一段时间作为一个小组进行交谈。当你们一起工作时，你们更有可能解决家庭分歧)”以及后文“Then, once tempers are cooled, everyone needs to plan to come together and think out a solution to the problem .(然后，一旦情绪降温，每个人都需要计划团结起来，想出解决问题的办法)” 可知，本空是一句承上启下的句子。E项中的“first”呼应下一句中的“Then”。从语义上，E项中的“calming down”呼应下一句中的“tempers are cooled”。故E选项“第一步是冷静下来，并同意存在问题”符合语境，故选E。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Focus on the issue at hand. When disagreements occur, people tend to bring up any and every unresolved issue they have ever faced with the other parties. This blurs the point of the discussion. Try to uncover what is important about the current problem.(专注于手头的问题。当出现分歧时，人们往往会向其他各方提出他们所面临的任何和每一个未解决的问题。这模糊了讨论的要点。试着找出当前问题的重要之处)”本空位于段末，从语义上是对上一句承接解释，即强调专注当下，不要在意过去，也是对本段第二句的照应句。故C选项“提出过去的不当行为无助于解决这个问题”符合语境，故选C。
【18题详解】
根据后文“Such “I” statements allow everyone to express themselves while they show respect for other’s listening.(这样的“我”陈述让每个人都能表达自己，同时尊重他人的倾听)”可知，根据本空后面句子中的 Such “I” statements可知，此处所填句子应提及“statements”。故G选项“各方应使用“我”的陈述清楚地陈述您的需求和担忧”符合语境，故选G。
【19题详解】
根据后文“Let another know you recognize, value, and accept his thoughts, opinions, or beliefs. Of course, your own opinions may differ greatly, but using validation (确认) demonstrates that you see the other as a human, worthy of respect. Validate your family members by saying something like “I’m really glad that you feel comfortable enough to share this with me” or “I appreciate your willingness to work towards a solution”.(让他人知道你认可、重视并接受他的想法、观点或信仰。当然，你自己的观点可能会有很大的不同，但使用验证表明你认为对方是一个人，值得尊重。通过说“我真的很高兴你能舒服地与我分享这件事”或“我很感激你愿意为解决方案而努力”来验证你的家人)”可知，本空位于段首，是对整段内容的总述。该段主要讲要尊重别人的观点。故B选项“尊重每个人的观点”符合语境，故选B。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Once everyone has shared their needs, wants, and concerns, consider all the suggestions that each party has provided and look for a middle ground.(一旦每个人都分享了他们的需求、愿望和担忧，就要考虑各方提供的所有建议，并寻找中间立场)”可知，本空是对上一句的承接。F项中的“Everyone present”和“the proposed solution”分别呼应上一句中的“each party”和“all the suggestions”。故F选项“在场的每个人都应该对提议的解决方案感到满意”符合语境，故选F。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
If a cheetah, a wolf and a well-trained human all entered a marathon, who would win?
The cheetah would definitely take an early ____21____. The wolf would probably pass the cheetah after a few miles. But at the end of the 26 miles, the human would be the first to cross the ____22____ line.
Humans have only two legs but a(n) ____23____ capacity for running. Our powerful lungs give us the stamina needed to run great distances. And because we can sweat, we can control our body ____24____ while we run. Why are we so good at running? Running was necessary for early human ____25____. Of course, we don’t often need to run for survival these days. All the same, running ____26____ to play an important role in human cultures all over the world.
Marathon running is perhaps the best-known example of human running ____27____. That is because it is a big business. Millions of people worldwide watch on television as elite runners ____28____ for millions of dollars. And, of course, businesses ____29____ products such as athletic shoes during the competition.
How does someone become an elite marathoner? The _____30_____ runners of Kenya seem to have found the answer. Iten is a small farming town in Kenya’s western highlands. It is also home to seven of the world’s top ten marathon winners. Most of them are _____31_____ of the Kalenjin tribe. They tend to have _____32_____ bodies for running. Their slim bodies, long legs and short waists concentrate _____33_____ where a runner needs it most — the legs.
And because Iten is 8,000 feet above sea level, the Kalenjini _____34_____ an enormous lung capacity. They need it to get oxygen out of the thin air. This gives the Kalenjini an important _____35_____ when they compete in races at lower altitude.
21. A. end B. lead C. start D. jump
22. A. finish B. parallel C. boundary D. vertical
23. A. limited B. reduced C. intelligent D. incredible
24. A. balance B. performance C. temperature D. guard
25. A. conflict B. spirit C. prosperity D. survival
26. A. fails B. ceases C. continues D. declines
27. A. innovation B. history C. speed D. culture
28. A. pay B. account C. compete D. search
29. A. promote B. purchase C. award D. restrict
30. A. backward B. stubborn C. responsible D. legendary
31. A. guests B. members C. coaches D. referees
32. A. ideal B. fragile C. rigid D. flexible
33. A. attention B. resilience C. power D. oxygen
34. A. release B. develop C. calculate D. devise
35. A. edge B. inspiration C. impression D. obstacle
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，人类有着令人难以置信的奔跑能力，跑步仍然在世界各地的人类文化中发挥着重要作用，并以马拉松为例进行说明什么造就了精英马拉松选手。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：猎豹肯定会提前取得领先。A. end结束；B. lead(竞赛中的)领先地位；C. start开始；D. jump跳跃。由上文的“If a cheetah, a wolf and a well-trained human all entered a marathon, who would win? (如果一只猎豹、一只狼和一个训练有素的人类都参加了马拉松比赛，谁会赢？)”和常识可知，猎豹速度快，肯定会提前取得领先。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：但在26英里的终点，人类将是第一个冲过终点线的人。A. finish最后部分；B. parallel平行的；C. boundary边界；D. vertical垂直的。由上文的“But at the end of the 26 miles”可知，猎豹和狼速度虽快，但比赛最后人类将会第一个冲过终点线（finish line）。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人类只有两条腿，但却有着令人难以置信的奔跑能力。A. limited有限的；B. reduced减少的；C. intelligent聪明的；D. incredible难以置信的。由上文语境可知，猎豹和狼速度虽快，但比赛最后人类将会第一个冲过终点线，可得出人类的奔跑能力令人难以置信。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为我们可以出汗，所以我们可以在跑步时控制体温。A. balance平衡；B. performance表现；C. temperature温度；D. guard警卫。由上文的“we can sweat”可知，跑步出汗是为了控制体温。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：跑步是人类早期生存所必需。A. conflict冲突；；B. spirit精神；C. prosperity繁荣；D. survival生存。呼应下文的“Of course, we don’t often need to run for survival these days. (当然，现在我们并不经常需要为了生存而奔跑)”讲人类早期为生存而跑步。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，跑步仍然在世界各地的人类文化中发挥着重要作用。A. fails失败；B. ceases停止；C. continues继续；D. declines减少。由下文的“Marathon running is perhaps the best-known example of human running ____7____. (马拉松也许是人类跑步____7____中最著名的例子)”和“Millions of people worldwide watch on television as elite runners (全世界数百万人在电视上观看精英马拉松跑步者)”可知，跑步在世界各地的人类文化中继续发挥着重要作用。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：马拉松也许是人类跑步文化中最著名的例子。A. innovation创新；B. history历史；C. speed速度；D. culture文化。呼应上文的“All the same, running ____6____ to play an important role in human cultures all over the world. (尽管如此，跑步仍然在世界各地的人类文化中发挥着重要作用)”，以马拉松为例，讲跑步在世界各地的人类文化中继续发挥着重要作用。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：全世界数百万人在电视上观看精英马拉松跑步者争夺数百万美元的比赛。A. pay支付；B. account认为是；C. compete参加比赛；D. search搜寻。由本处的“as elite runners ____8____ for millions of dollars”可知，精英马拉松跑步者为争夺数百万美元而参加马拉松比赛。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，企业也会在比赛期间推广运动鞋等产品。A. promote推广；B. purchase购买；C. award奖励；D. restrict限制。由本处businesses 和常识可知，企业会在比赛期间推广运动鞋等产品。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：肯尼亚的传奇跑步者似乎已经找到了答案。A. backward向后的；B. stubborn顽固的；C. responsible负责的；D. legendary传奇的。由下文的“Iten is a small farming town in Kenya’s western highlands. It is also home to seven of the world’s top ten marathon winners. (Iten是肯尼亚西部高地的一个农业小镇。这里也是世界十大马拉松冠军中七位的所在地)”可知，肯尼亚拥有许多传奇跑步者。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们大多数是卡伦基尼部落的成员。A. guests客人；B. members成员；C. coaches教练；D. referees裁判。由上文的“It is also home to seven of the world’s top ten marathon winners. (这里也是世界十大马拉松冠军中七位的所在地)”可知，此处指马拉松冠军们大多数是卡伦基尼部落的成员。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：卡伦基尼人往往拥有理想的跑步身体。A. ideal理想的；B. fragile脆弱的；C. rigid严格死板的；D. flexible灵活的。由下文的“Their slim bodies, long legs and short waists (卡伦基尼人有苗条的身体、长腿和短腰)”可知，马拉松冠军们大多数是卡伦基尼人，可得出卡伦基尼人往往拥有理想的跑步身体。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们苗条的身体、长腿和短腰将力量集中在跑步者最需要的地方——腿部。A. attention注意力；B. resilience弹力；C. power力量；D. oxygen氧气。由上文语境可知，卡伦基尼人往往拥有理想的跑步身体，善于跑步，可以把身体力量集中在腿部。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于Iten海拔8000英尺，卡伦基尼人的肺活量很大。A. release释放；B. develop发展、(使)成长；C. calculate计算；D. devise设计。由上文的“And because Iten is 8,000 feet above sea level”，下文的“They need it to get oxygen out of the thin air. (他们需要大的肺活量来从稀薄的空气中获取氧气)”和常识可知，高海拔使得人的肺活量变大。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这使卡伦基尼人在低海拔比赛中具有重要优势。A. edge优势；B. inspiration灵感；C. impression印象；D. obstacle障碍。由上文的They need it to get oxygen out of the thin air. (他们需要大的肺活量来从稀薄的空气中获取氧气)”可知，卡伦基尼人往往拥有理想的跑步身体，善于跑步，马拉松冠军们大多数是卡伦基尼部落的成员，卡伦基尼人的肺活量很大使他们在低海拔比赛中具有重要优势。故选A项。
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Great Wall of the ancient Qi State,the oldest____36____(exist) Great Wall in China, stretches across Shandong for more than 600 kilometers. It____37____(build) during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.
“Historical records say the Qi State built the wall here to defend itself____38____its enemies, as well as to stop flooding____39____(effective),” says An Xingzhu, who worked at the town’s culture station for more than three decades. A key task of the station is____40____(protect) cultural relics.
In the 1970s，parts of the rammed earth wall(夯土墙)were dug out and used by farmers for their land, but since the early 1990s, the local government____41____(start) to take measures to protect the wall.
Rapid development and____42____(construct) have brought many new problems and challenges in protecting the wall.____43____is necessary to provide a solid legal guarantee for its conservation. To tackle the challenges, Shandong Province has passed a regulation protecting the structure____44____will take effect on Jan. 1.
It states that local governments will establish a dynamic conservation system using remote sensing satellites, drones, information platforms and other technological_____45_____(mean) to monitor the Great Wall.
【答案】36. existing
37. was built
38. against##from
39. effectively
40. to protect
41. has started
42. construction
43. It 44. that##which
45. means
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国现存最古老的长城——古齐国的长城。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：古齐国的长城是中国现存最古老的长城，横跨山东，绵延600多公里。分析句子，句中stretches为谓语动词，设空处应该使用exist的现在分词作定语，意为“现存的”。故填existing。
【37题详解】
考查动词。句意：它建于春秋战国时期。分析句子，设空处应该使用动词作谓语。句子表述过去事实故使用一般过去时。同时it与build之间是被动关系，故使用一般过去时被动语态。故填was built。
【38题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：历史记载说，齐国在这里建造城墙是为了抵御敌人，也能有效地阻止洪水。句中defend…from/against…为固定短语，意为“抵御”。故填against或from。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处应该使用effective的副词effectively修饰动词stop flooding作状语，意为“有效地”。故填effectively。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：该站的一项关键任务是保护文物。分析句子句中is为谓语动词，设空处应该使用不定式作表语，表示目的。故填to protect。
【41题详解】
考查动词。句意：20世纪70年代，部分夯土墙被挖出来供农民耕种，但从90年代初开始，当地政府开始采取措施保护这堵墙。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，此处表示动作发生在过去持续到现在，故使用现在完成时。故填has started。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：快速的发展和建设给长城的保护带来了许多新的问题和挑战。分析句子，设空处应该使用construct的名词construction作主语，意为“建设”。故填construction。
【43题详解】
考查代词。句意：必须为其保护提供坚实的法律保障。分析句子，设空处使用代词作主语，句中it is+形容词+to do为固定句型，it为形式主语，真正的主语为不定式结构。故填it。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：为了应对这一挑战，山东省已经通过了一项保护该结构的规定，该规定将于1月1日生效。分析句子，设空处引导的是限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指代前文的structure，为物，故用that或者which。故填that或者which。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：该方案指出，地方政府将利用遥感卫星、无人机、信息平台和其他技术手段建立动态保护系统，对长城进行监测。分析句子，设空处应该使用mean的名词means作宾语,意为“方式”，此处表示复数意义。故填means。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 你是某国际学校学生会主席。你校准备组织一次“让文物活起来”（Bring Cultural Relics to Life）的活动，请你用英语写一篇开幕辞，欢迎参加活动的师生。内容包括：
1. 表示欢迎；
2. 活动目的；
3. 活动内容。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右。
2. 参考词汇：手工艺品artifact。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】one possible version
Dear teachers and fellow students,
Welcome to take part in the activity called Bring Cultural Relics to Life. In order to enrich students’ school life and make us know more about our cultural relics, our school holds the activity.
The activity consists of two parts. At the beginning, the headmaster will deliver a speech at the opening ceremony, making a short introduction to cultural relics. After that, some cultural relics such as artifacts, paintings and so on will be displayed, from which we can have a better understanding of our history.
Hopefully, you can enjoy yourselves!
Another version
Dear teachers and fellow students,
Welcome to our "Bringing Cultural Relics to Life" event. As president of the Student Union, I'm honored to have the opportunity to open this wonderful occasion.
The purpose of this event is to encourage everyone to explore the history and culture behind the artifacts and appreciate their beauty. There will be an exhibition featuring various cultural artifacts brought by students which have been passed down through their families. Also, we will be holding a work shop where students are encouraged to create their own cultural artifacts that look like cultural relics in ancient times.
Thank you for your attendance, and I wish you all a meaningful and enjoyable experience
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生就你校准备组织的“让文物活起来”（Bring Cultural Relics to Life）的活动，用英语写一篇开幕辞，欢迎参加活动的师生。内容包括：表示欢迎；活动目的；活动内容。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：take part in→participate in
首先：At the beginning→To begin with
发表演讲：deliver a speech→give a speech
展示：display→show
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Welcome to take part in the activity called Bring Cultural Relics to Life.
拓展句：Welcome to take part in the activity which is called Bring Cultural Relics to Life.
【点睛】[高分句型1] At the beginning, the headmaster will deliver a speech at the opening ceremony, making a short introduction to cultural relics. (运用了非谓语作状语)
[高分句型2] After that, some cultural relics such as artifacts, paintings and so on will be displayed, from which we can have a better understanding of our history. (运用了介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The boys and girls picked up the bus to Fort Lauderdale. Vingo was on board from the beginning.
As the bus passed through Jersey, they began to notice that Vingo never moved. He sat in front of the young people, frozen into silence.
Somewhere outside of Washington, the bus pulled into a Howard Johnson’s, and everybody got off except Vingo. He sat rooted in his seat, and the young people began to wonder about him, trying to imagine his life. When they went back to the bus, the girl sat beside him and introduced herself.
“Want some wine?” she said. He smiled and took the bottle. He thanked her and retreated again into silence. After a while, she went back to the others, as Vingo nodded into sleep.
In the morning they awoke outside another Howard Johnson’s, and this time Vingo went in. The girl insisted that he join them. When they went back on the bus, the girl sat with Vingo again, after a while, slowly and painfully and with great hesitation, he began to tell his story. He had been in jail in New York for the last four years, and now he was going home.
“When I was in jail I wrote to my wife,” he said. “I told her, I understand if you can’t stay married to me, get a new guy and forget about me. And she didn’t write to me. Not for three and a half years.”
“And you’re going home now, not knowing?”
“Yeah,” he said shyly. “Last week, I wrote her. I told her that if she had a new guy, I under-stood. But if she didn’t, if she would take me back she should let me know. We used to live in Brunswick, with a great big oak tree. I told her if she would take me back, she should put a yellow handkerchief on the tree, and I would get off and come home. If she didn’t want me, forget it, no handkerchief, and I’d keep going on.”
“Wow,” the girl said. “Wow.”
She told the others, and soon all of them were in it, caught up in the approach of Brunswick, looking at the pictures Vingo showed them of his wife and three children.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式作答。
Paragraph 1 Now they were twenty miles from Brunswick.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2 Then suddenly all of the young people were up out of their seats.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Now they were twenty miles from Brunswick. And the young people took over window seats on the right side, waiting for the approach of the great oak tree. Vingo stopped looking, tightening his face into the ex-con’s mask, as if fortifying himself against still another disappointment. Then it was ten miles, and then five. The bus acquired a dark hushed mood, full of silence, of absence, of lost years, of the woman’s plain face, of the sudden letter on the breakfast table, of the wonder of children, of the iron bars of solitude.
Then suddenly all of the young people were up out of their seats. They were screaming and shouting and crying, doing small dances, shaking clenched fists in triumph and exaltation. All except Vingo. Vingo sat there stunned, looking at the oak tree. It was covered with yellow handkerchiefs twenty of them, thirty of them, maybe hundreds, a tree that stood like a banner of welcome blowing and billowing in the wind, turned into a gorgeous yellow blur by the passing bus. As the young people shouted, the old con slowly rose from his seat, holding himself tightly, and made his way to the front of the bus to go home.
【解析】
【导语】本文故事情节的发展为线索展开，讲述了刚刚在纽约监狱出来的Vingo与一群前往劳德代尔堡的孩子们在一辆公共汽车上，他的始终沉默引起了年轻人们的注意，他向年轻人们讲述了与妻子的约定，现在一直期待着见到约定好的在大橡树上挂着的黄色手帕，离目的地越近，Vingo越是紧张，年轻人们也跟他一起期待着这一刻的到来。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“现在他们离不伦瑞克二十英里。”可知，第一段可描写年轻人们以及Vingo在接近目的地时的心理状态以及车上气氛。
②由第二段首句内容“突然间，所有的年轻人都从座位上站了起来。”可知，第二段可描写年轻人们都站起来的原因以及接下来所看到的一切以及Vingo的喜悦之情。
2.续写线索：接近目的地——汽车上的气氛——全体起立——黄手帕出现——Vingo激动的表现
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.加强：fortify/strengthen/enhance
②.坐着：sit/be seated
③.回家：go home/return home
情绪类
①.紧张：tighten one’s face/stressed out/nervous
②.惊讶：stunned/surprised/shocked
【点睛】[高分句型1]. And the young people took over window seats on the right side, waiting for the approach of the great oak tree. （运用了现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2]. Vingo stopped looking, tightening his face into the ex-con’s mask, as if fortifying himself against still another disappointment. （运用了状语从句的省略）
[高分句型3]. The bus acquired a dark hushed mood, full of silence, of absence, of lost years, of the woman’s plain face, of the sudden letter on the breakfast table, of the wonder of children, of the iron bars of solitude. （运用了形容词短语作状语）
听力1-5 CCBCB 6-10CAACB 11-15ABAAB 16-20 BCABC
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