2023届湖南省长沙市长郡中学高考考前保温卷英语试题（一）（含解析）

这是一份2023届湖南省长沙市长郡中学高考考前保温卷英语试题（一）（含解析），共19页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023届湖南省长沙市长郡中学高考考前保温卷英语试题（一）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
Getting into college is a big step for high school graduates, and it comes with a lot of changes. For most students, it’s the first time they’re living away from home and managing their own life. Not surprisingly, adapting to this new lifestyle can be challenging. The following four tips will make high school graduates better prepared for college life.
Goal setting
When setting goals, whether they’re academic, career, or personal, remember they should be attainable but not too easy, so that you really have to push yourself to achieve them, and feel rewarded when you do. Writing down your goals and breaking down each huge, long-term goal into smaller more practical ones can help make it feel more real, and writing out a plan for achieving it can give you a roadmap to success.
Interpersonal skills
At college, you will interact with fellow students, professors, librarians, and many others. Strong interpersonal skills will help you build relationships during this time, and get more out of them. If you feel that your interpersonal skills need some work, practice asking thoughtful questions and listening closely, develop your understanding by putting yourself in someone else’s shoes, and enhance your self-confidence.
Studying
With fewer in-class hours and more on-your-own learning, you’re required to really digest learning material rather than simply memorize facts. To be successful in college you’ll need to learn how to integrate large amounts of information obtained through reading, do research, and write papers. Organization is the key, so if you are not someone who is naturally organized, set up your study schedule.
Budgeting
Managing money is a critical life skill, and for many, it is at college that they develop it for the first time. Start by estimating your financial balance. Then give high priority to the expenses on basic needs and determine how much money to set aside every month to cover those costs. Don’t forget about savings … and the fun stuff(movies, dinners out), too.
1．Who is this passage most probably written for?
A．College teachers. B．University graduates.
C．High school teachers. D．Would-be college students.
2．What is the key to successful college study according to the author?
A．Being well-organized. B．Being well-informed.
C．Effective reading skills. D．Reliable research methods.
3．To learn how to manage money, the first thing to do is ________.
A．save money for financial investment B．estimate one’s income and expenses
C．set aside money for fun activities D．open a personal bank account

I’m an 18-year-old pre-medical student, tall and good-looking, with two short story books and quite a number of essays to my credit. Why am I singing such praises of myself? Just to explain that the attainment of self-pride comes from a great deal of self-love, and to attain it, one must first learn to accept oneself as one is. That was where my struggle began.
Born and raised in Africa, I had always taken my African origin as burden. My self-dislike was further fueled when my family had to relocate to Norway, where I attended a high school. Compared to all the white girls around me, with their golden hair and delicate lips, I, a black girl, had curly hair and full, red lips. My nose often had a thin sheet of sweat on it, whatever the weather was. I just wanted to bury myself in my shell crying “I’m so different!”
What also contributed to my self-dislike was my occasional stuttering(口吃), which had weakened my self-confidence. It always stood between me and any fine opportunity. I’d taken it as an excuse to avoid any public speaking sessions, and unknowingly let it rule over me.
Fortunately, as I grew older, there came a turning point. One day a white girl caught my eye on the school bus when she suddenly turned back. To my astonishment, she had a thin sheet of sweat on her nose too, and it was in November! “Wow,” I whispered to myself, “this isn’t a genetic(遗传的) disorder after all. It’s perfectly normal.” Days later, my life took another twist(转折). Searching the Internet for stuttering cures, I accidentally learned that such famous people as Isaac Newton and Winston Churchill also stuttered. I was greatly relieved and then an idea suddenly hit me—if I’m smart, I shouldn’t allow my stuttering to stand between me and my success.
Another boost to my self-confidence came days later as I was watching the news about Oprah Winfrey, the famous talk show host and writer—she’s black too! Whenever I think of her story and my former dislike of my color, I’m practically filled with shame.
Today, I’ve grown to accept what I am with pride; it simply gives me feeling of uniqueness. The idea of self-love has taken on a whole new meaning for me: there’s always something fantastic about us, and what we need to do is learn to appreciate it.
4．What affected the author’s adjustment to her school life in Norway?
A．Her appearance. B．Social discrimination.
C．Her changing emotions. D．The climate in Norway.
5．What did the author’s occasional stuttering bring about according on Paragraph 3?
A．Her lack of self-confidence.
B．Her loss of interest in school.
C．Her unwillingness to greet her classmates.
D．Her desire for chances to improve herself.
6．How did the author feel on noticing the similarity between her and the girl on the bus?
A．Blessed and proud. B．Confused and afraid.
C．Amazed and relieved. D．Shocked and ashamed.
7．What can best summarize the message contained in the passage?
A．Pride comes before a fall.
B．Where there is a will, there is a way.
C．Self-acceptance is based on the love for oneself.
D．Self-love is key to the attainment of self-pride.

Ralph Emerson once said that the purpose of life is not to be happy, but to be useful, to be loving, to make some difference in the world. While we appreciate such words of wisdom, we rarely try to follow them in our lives.
Most people prefer to live a good life themselves, ignoring their responsibilities for the world. This narrow perception of a good life may provide short-term benefits, but is sure to lead to long-term harm and suffering. A good life based on comfort and luxury may eventually lead to more pain because we spoil our health and even our character, principles, ideals, and relationships.
What then, is the secret of a good life? A good life is a process, not a state of being: a direction, not a destination. We have to earn a good life by first serving others without any expectation in return because their happiness is the very source of our own happiness. More importantly, we must know ourselves inside out. Only when we examine ourselves deeply can we discover our abilities and recognize our limitations, and then work accordingly to create a better world.
The first requirement for a good life is having a loving heart. When we do certain right things merely as a duty, we find our job so tiresome that we’ll soon burn out. However, when we do that same job out of love, we not only enjoy what we do, but also do it with an effortless feeling.
However, love alone is insufficient to lead a good life. Love sometimes blinds us to the reality. Consequently, our good intentions may not lead to good results. To achieve desired outcome, those who want to do good to others also need to equip themselves with accurate world knowledge. False knowledge is more dangerous than ignorance. If love is the engine of a car, knowledge is the steering wheel(方向盘). If the engine lacks power, the car can’t move; if the driver loses control of the steering, a road accident probably occurs. Only with love in heart and the right knowledge in mind can we lead a good life.
With love and knowledge, we go all out to create a better world by doing good to others. When we see the impact of our good work on the world we give meaning to our life and earn lasting joy and happiness.
8．What effect does the narrow perception of a good life have on us?
A．Making us simple-minded. B．Making us short-sighted.
C．Leading us onto a busy road. D．Keeping us from comfort and luxury.
9．According to the author, how can one gain true happiness?
A．Through maintaining good health.
B．By going through pain and suffering.
C．By recognizing one’s abilities and limitations.
D．Through offering help much needed by others.
10．According to Paragraph 4, doing certain right things with a loving heart makes one ________.
A．less selfish B．less annoying
C．more motivated D．more responsible
11．According to Paragraph 5, life can be made truly good when ________.
A．inspired by love and guided by knowledge
B．directed by love and pushed by knowledge
C．purified by love and enriched by knowledge
D．promoted by love and defined by knowledge

People may wonder after using up Earth entirely, where are we going?
The most common target is our neighbour Mars. It is about half the size of Earth. From an astronomer’s perspective, Mars is Earth’s identical twin. And Mars has been in the news a lot lately, promoted as a possible homeland for humanity in the near future. While human-led missions to Mars seem likely in the coming decades, what are our prospects of long-term habitation on Mars? Present-day Mars is a cold, dry world with a very thin atmosphere. Its average surface pressure is less than 1 per cent of Earth’s. Surviving without a pressure suit in such an environment is impossible. The surface temperature ranges from 30°C in the summer, down to-140°C in the winter; these extreme temperature changes are due to the thin atmosphere on Mars.
Despite these clear challenges, proposals for changing Mars into a world suitable for long-term human habitation abound(大量出现).Mars is further from the Sun than Earth，so it would require significantly more greenhouse gases to achieve a temperature similar to Earth’s. Thickening the atmosphere by releasing CO2 in the Martian surface is the most popular “solution” to the thin atmosphere on Mars. However, every suggested method of releasing the carbon stored in Mars requires technology and resources far beyond what we are currently capable of. What’s more, a recent NASA study determined that there isn’t even enough CO2 on Mars to warm it sufficiently.
Even if we could find enough CO2, we would still be left with an atmosphere we couldn’t breathe. Earth’s atmosphere contains only 0.04 per cent CO2, and we cannot tolerate an atmosphere high in CO2. For an atmosphere with Earth’s atmospheric pressure, CO2 levels as high as 1 per cent can cause sleepiness in humans, and once we reach levels of 10 per cent CO2, we will suffocate even if there is abundant oxygen. The proposed absolute best-case scenario (设 想)for changing Mars leaves us with an atmosphere we are incapable of breathing.
Living on a warming Earth presents many challenges. Scientists study Mars and other planets to better understand ourselves. In searching the universe, we are not looking for an escape to our problems: Earth is our unique and only home in the universe. There is no planet B．
12．What contributes to the extreme temperature changes on Mars?
A．Its small size.
B．Its thin atmosphere.
C．Its low surface pressure.
D．Its significant seasonal changes.
13．What might be suggested for changing Mars into a habitable planet?
A．Reducing CO2 stored on Mars.
B．Increasing emissions of CO2 on Mars.
C．Building more greenhouses to keep warm.
D．Shortening the distance between Mars and the Sun.
14．What does the underlined word “suffocate” mean in Paragraph4?
A．Choke.
B．Faint.
C．Hurt.
D．Explode..
15．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．Is there planet B?
B．How to survive on Mars?
C．What life will be like on Mars?
D．Mars or Earth-must we choose?


二、七选五
Pets should not be left alone for too long during the day. But our busy lifestyles will sometimes tear us away. 16 Here are some tips to keep your pets content.
Cats don’t simply curl up and sleep when you leave. 17 If they have a friend or sibling they will create games and comfort one another but if they are alone they will need more stimuli (刺激物). Leaving the TV or radio on can help, and while you work out their favorite channel, you can’t go far wrong with classical music.
18 They will keep your cat physically and mentally busy, which will lessen the separation anxiety. Some of the toys are also practical for your home, such as scratching posts to prevent the furniture from being scratched.
It’s not just cats that suffer from separation anxiety. Dogs also dislike being left alone and unfortunately they can’t tell whether it’s been ten minutes or ten hours: the displeasure felt is very similar.
19 Background noise from the TV or radio can help them to feel less alone. There is even a dog TV channel designed to create happy and calm thoughts in dogs, showing idyllic scenes of fields, beaches and other dogs.
You can also gradually lengthen the distance and time of your separation until your dogs can be left alone for 20 minutes without showing their usual symptoms of sadness and stress. 20
A．A number of cat toys are also helpful.
B．Schedule daily play sessions with your cats.
C．But you can help ease the negative feeling at least.
D．That creates a lot of guilt and worry for their well-being.
E．In this way, they can disassociate your absence with negativity.
F．They need stimulation for the period when they will be left alone.
G．Over time, they will look forward to their separation to get a reward.


三、完形填空
When I was in sixth grade, I joined the band program to learn to play the clarinet (单簧管). The beginning of the year had gone 21 . But as most students progressed, I seemed to fall behind. One day, when my teacher told us to play in front of the other students. I was filled with fear. I knew I would 22 . When I began to play, my rhythms (节奏) were good, but my tone was another 23 . “Did you practice your lesson?” the teacher barked at me. I felt so ashamed and my world came 24 down in an instant.
From then on, I hated playing the clarinet and I kept getting 25 . With the day of the new performance approaching, I grew increasingly upset. In a moment of 26 , I asked for sick leave. It was so relieving and such a(n) easy way out.
The avoidance of my lessons continued until my mum asked me about it. “I want to quit.” My tears started 27 . “If you really want to quit, why are you crying?” asked Mum. She 28 and I realized I wanted to stay in band and, by not facing my fears, I had created a black hole that would be difficult to 29 out of. I made a resolution not to hide from my fears and to stand up to even the worst of them, so a 30 could be achieved.
The next day I met with my band teacher and told her I was having a problem and couldn’t 31 why. She asked me gently to play for her. I tried, but only an unpleasant sound came out. She didn’t shout at me and handed me a new reed (簧片). I put it in place and tried again. To my great 32 I could play well. My problem was solved and my fear was 33 a lot that year.
Looking back, I’m glad that I overcame my fear. Fear can 34 everything in a person’s life. Hiding from those very fears only creates a hole, which makes a person stay 35 inside. After facing up to a fear, one may find life easier and much more enjoyable.
21．A．badly B．endlessly C．randomly D．smoothly
22．A．mess up B．move on C．set out D．take off
23．A．impression B．essay C．story D．factor
24．A．crashing B．moving C．selling D．bending
25．A．stricter B．worse C．happier D．smarter
26．A．joy B．panic C．doubt D．sympathy
27．A．drying B．disappearing C．flowing D．separating
28．A．had a point B．made a change C．reached a level D．took a break
29．A．send B．bring C．pick D．climb
30．A．balance B．degree C．position D．solution
31．A．figure out B．give away C．think over D．make up
32．A．anger B．sorrow C．disappointment D．surprise
33．A．felt B．shown C．removed D．voiced
34．A．consume B．examine C．reflect D．rescue
35．A．unknown B．unpunished C．interested D．trapped


四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词括号内单词的正确形式。
A new branch of the Palace Museum is expected to rise on Beijing outskirts over the next few years to better showcase the 36 (museum) cultural relics.
After nearly a decade of preparation, construction of the new branch 37 (begin) last December. Located in Xiyehe, a village in Haidian District, the new branch will cover more than 100, 000 square meters, including 38 exhibition space of over 60, 000 square meters for cultural relics and more than 35, 000 square meters for relic 39 (restore).
At present, over 1. 86 million cultural relics 40 (house) in the museum. However, only about 10, 000 pieces are able to be displayed every year due to limited exhibition spaces 41 outdated offices.
Du Haijiang, deputy director of the Palace Museum, briefed the public on the project in an interview with CCTV on January 26th, 42 (explain) that calligraphy works and paintings couldn’t be put on display during rainy seasons, in winter or summer, because of strict temperature and humidity requirements. Some silk and cotton artworks 43 (current) cannot be exhibited at all for lack of the necessary environment.
On completion of the new branch, it will be possible 44 (display) between 20, 000 and 30, 000 individual relics each year. The new venue will be a modern exhibition space 45 multiple functions to provide relic preservation, repair work, and visitor services.


五、读后续写
46．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Pumpkin(南瓜)carving at Halloween is a family tradition. We visit a local farm every October. In the pumpkin field, I compete with my three brothers and sister to seek out the biggest pumpkin. My dad has a rule that we have to carry our pumpkins back home, and as the eldest child I have an advantage — I carried an 85-pounder back last year.
This year, it was hard to tell whether my prize or the one chosen by my 14-year-old brother, Jason, was the winner. Unfortunately we forgot to weigh them before taking out their insides, but I was determined to prove my point. All of us were hard at work at the kitchen table, with my mom filming the annual event. I’m unsure now why I thought forcing my head inside the pumpkin would settle the matter, but it seemed to make perfect sense at the time.
With the pumpkin resting on the table, hole uppermost, I bent over and pressed my head against the opening. At first I got jammed just above my eyes and then, as I went on with my task, unwilling to quit, my nose briefly prevented entry. Finally I managed to put my whole head into it, like a cork(软木塞)forced into a bottle. I was able to straighten up with the huge pumpkin resting on my shoulders.
My excitement was short-lived. The pumpkin was heavy. “I’m going to set it down, now,” I said, and with Jason helping to support its weight, I bent back over the table to give it somewhere to rest. It was only when I tried to remove my head that I realized getting out was going to be less straightforward than getting in. When I pulled hard, my nose got in the way. I got into a panic as I pressed firmly against the table and moved my head around trying to find the right angle, but it was no use. “I can’t get it out!” I shouted, my voice sounding unnaturally loud in the enclosed space.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
Paragraph 1：
I was stuck for five to six minutes though it felt much longer.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
That video was posted the day before Halloween.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案：
1．D 2．A 3．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了高中毕业生如何为大学生活做更好准备的四个技巧。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段首句“Getting into college is a big step for high school graduates, and it comes with a lot of changes. (对于高中毕业生来说，进入大学是一大步，随之而来的是很多变化)”和最后—句“The following four tips will make high school graduates better prepared for college life. (以下四个技巧将使高中毕业生为大学生活做好更好的准备)”可知，本文主要是为即将步入大学的高中毕业生如何做更好准备所提的一些技巧。由此可推测出，该文主要针对于即将成为大学生的高中毕业生。故选D项。
2．细节理解题。根据“Studying”下面的“Organization is the key, so if you are not someone who is naturally organized, set up your study schedule. (组织是关键，所以如果你不是一个天生有条理的人，那就制订你的学习时间表)”可知，在大学成功学习的关键是要学会成为一个有条理性的人，并科学安排自己的时间。故选A项。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Managing money is a critical life skill, and for many, it is at college that they develop it for the first time. Start by estimating your financial balance. (管理资金是一项至关重要的生活技能，对许多人来说，他们正是在大学第一次培养这种技能。首先估计你的财务收支平衡状况)”可知，大学生学会自主管理金钱的第一步是要对自己的收入和支出情况进行评估。故选B项。
4．A 5．A 6．C 7．D

【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过自身经历告诉人们，一个人要获得自尊就要首先学会自爱，要接受自己本来的面目。
4．推理判断题。根据文中第二段中的“Compared to all the white girls around me, with their golden hair and delicate lips, I , a black girl, had curly hair and full, red lips. My nose often had a thin sheet of sweat on it, whatever the weather was. I just wanted to bury myself in my shell crying ‘I’m so different!’(与我周围所有有着金色头发和精致嘴唇的白人女孩相比, 我, 一个黑人女孩, 有着卷曲的头发和饱满的红唇。无论天气如何, 我的鼻子上经常有一层薄薄的汗水。我只想把自己埋在壳里哭着说‘我太不一样了!’)”可知, 作者的外表与其他的孩子不同, 这让作者很自卑、伤心。由此可推知，作者的外表使得作者不容易适应学校的生活。故选A项。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“What also contributed to my self-dislike was my occasional stuttering(口吃), which had weakened my self-confidence. (导致我自我厌恶的还有我偶尔的口吃, 这削弱了我的自信心。)”可知, 作者的口吃导致作者失去了自信。故选A项。
6．推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“To my astonishment, she had a thin sheet of sweat on her nose too, and it was in November!(令我惊讶的是, 她的鼻子上也有薄薄的汗水, 而且是在十一月!)”可知, 作者见到这个白人女孩和自己一样会鼻子出汗，她感到很惊讶, 根据本段中的“‘Wow,’ I whispered to myself, ‘this isn’t a genetic(遗传的) disorder after all. It’s perfectly normal.’(‘哇！’我低声对自己说，‘这毕竟不是遗传疾病。这很正常。’)”可知, 作者此刻明白了鼻子出汗是正常现象，所以此刻感到很放松。故选C项。
7．主旨大意题。首段中的“Just to explain that the attainment of self-pride comes from a great deal of self-love, and to attain it, one must first learn to accept oneself as one is. (我只是想解释一下，自尊的获得来自于大量的自爱，而要获得自爱，首先必须学会接受自己的本来面目。)”点明了文章主题，即自爱是获得自尊的关键。故选D项。
8．B 9．D 10．C 11．A

【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了什么是美好生活、美好生活的秘诀是什么。
8．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“This narrow perception of a good life may provide short-term benefits, but is sure to lead to long-term harm and suffering. (这种对美好生活的狭隘看法可能会带来短期的好处, 但肯定会导致长期的伤害和痛苦。)”可知, 对美好生活的狭隘看法只能给我们带来短期的好处, 但会让我们目光短浅。故选B 项。
9．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“We have to earn a good life by first serving others without any expectation in return because their happiness is the very source of our own happiness. (我们必须通过首先不求回报地为他人服务来获得美好的生活, 因为他人的幸福是我们自己幸福的源泉。)”可知, 我们能够从帮助他人获得真正的幸福。故选D项。
10．推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“However, when we do that same job out of love, we not only enjoy what we do, but also do it with an effortless feeling. (然而, 当我们出于热爱做同样的工作时, 我们不仅享受我们做的事情, 而且也享受那种毫不费力的感觉。)”可知, 带着热爱去做事会让人更加享受做这件事情，由此可推测出，越享受做某件事, 做事越有动力。故选C项。
11．推理判断题。根据文章第五段中的“If love is the engine of a car, knowledge is the steering wheel(方向盘).(如果爱是汽车的发动机，那么知识就是方向盘。)”可知，爱是人做事的动力，知识是人做事的指导。再根据最后一段中的“With love and knowledge, we go all out to create a better world by doing good to others. (带着爱和知识，我们全力以赴，通过对他人做好事来创造一个更美好的世界。)”可推知, 有爱的激励和知识的指导, 生活就会变得更美好。故选A 项。
12．B 13．B 14．A 15．A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。人们可能会想，在完全耗尽地球之后，我们要去哪里? 在探索宇宙的过程中，科学家们发现：地球是我们在宇宙中唯一的家园。没有行星B。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The surface temperature ranges from 30°C in the summer, down to-140°C in the winter; these extreme temperature changes are due to the thin atmosphere on Mars.（夏季地表温度为30℃，冬季低至140℃;这些极端的温度变化是由于火星上稀薄的大气造成的。）”可知，它稀薄的大气层导致了火星上极端的温度变化。故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thickening the atmosphere by releasing CO2 in the Martian surface is the most popular “solution” to the thin atmosphere on Mars.（通过在火星表面释放二氧化碳来增厚大气层是解决火星稀薄大气层的最流行的“解决方案”。）”可知，增加火星上的二氧化碳排放量可能会使火星变成一个适合居住的星球。故选B。
14．词义猜测题。根据第四段中“For an atmosphere with Earth’s atmospheric pressure, CO2 levels as high as 1 per cent can cause sleepiness in humans（在与地球大气压相当的大气中，二氧化碳浓度高达1%就会导致人类嗜睡）”，由此推知“once we reach levels of 10 per cent CO2（一旦我们达到10%的二氧化碳水平）”人们可能会“窒息”，所以划线词suffocate的意思应该是“窒息”。故选A。
15．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Living on a warming Earth presents many challenges. Scientists study Mars and other planets to better understand ourselves. In searching the universe, we are not looking for an escape to our problems: Earth is our unique and only home in the universe. There is no planet B.（生活在一个变暖的地球上带来了许多挑战。科学家研究火星和其他行星是为了更好地了解我们自己。在探索宇宙的过程中，我们并不是在寻找逃避问题的方法:地球是我们在宇宙中唯一的家园。没有行星B。）”可知，文章最佳主题应该是“有行星B吗?”。故选A。
16．D 17．F 18．A 19．C 20．E

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些满足宠物独自呆着需要陪伴的方法。
16．根据上文“Pets should not be left alone for too long during the day. But our busy lifestyles will sometimes tear us away. (宠物不应该在白天独自呆太久。但我们忙碌的生活方式有时会让我们分心)”可知，本句应当说明宠物独自待太久的不良影响：产生内疚以及给它们的健康带来担忧。故D选项“这会产生内疚以及给它们的健康带来担忧”符合语境，故选D。
17．根据上文“Cats don’t simply curl up and sleep when you leave. (猫不会在你离开的时候蜷缩起来睡觉)”以及后文“If they have a friend or sibling they will create games and comfort one another but if they are alone they will need more stimuli (刺激物). Leaving the TV or radio on can help, and while you work out their favorite channel, you can’t go far wrong with classical music. (如果它们有朋友或兄弟姐妹，它们会创造游戏，互相安慰，但如果它们独自呆着，他们会需要更多的刺激。让电视或收音机开着会有帮助，当你找出他们最喜欢的频道时，古典音乐不会出错)”可知，后文提到了猫独自呆着的时候，需要更多刺激，故F选项“他们在独处的时候需要刺激”符合语境，故选F。
18．根据后文“They will keep your cat physically and mentally busy, which will lessen the separation anxiety. Some of the toys are also practical for your home, such as scratching posts to prevent the furniture from being scratched. (它们会让你的猫在身体上和精神上都很忙，这将减轻分离的焦虑。有些玩具对你的家也很实用，比如抓木桩，防止家具被抓伤)”可知，本句是在说明猫玩具可以帮助猫缓解分离焦虑，A选项A number of cat toys对应后文They。故A选项“一些猫玩具也很有帮助”符合语境，故选A。
19．根据上一段“It’s not just cats that suffer from separation anxiety. Dogs also dislike being left alone and unfortunately they can’t tell whether it’s been ten minutes or ten hours: the displeasure felt is very similar. (患有分离焦虑的不仅仅是猫。狗也不喜欢一个人呆着，不幸的是，它们分不清是呆了十分钟还是十小时：它们感受到的不快是非常相似的)”后文“Background noise from the TV or radio can help them to feel less alone. There is even a dog TV channel designed to create happy and calm thoughts in dogs, showing idyllic scenes of fields, beaches and other dogs. (电视或收音机的背景噪音可以帮助他们减少孤独感。甚至还有一个狗狗电视频道，旨在让狗狗产生快乐和平静的想法，展示田野、海滩和其他狗狗的田园诗般的场景)”可知，本段与上文构成转折，指出缓解猫狗宠物分离焦虑情绪的办法，故C选项“但至少你可以帮助缓解这种负面情绪”符合语境，故选C。
20．根据上文“You can also gradually lengthen the distance and time of your separation until your dogs can be left alone for 20 minutes without showing their usual symptoms of sadness and stress. (你也可以逐渐延长你的距离和时间，直到你的狗可以单独呆20分钟，而不会表现出他们通常的悲伤和压力症状)”可知，上文提到了“延长你的距离和时间”这种方法，本句为本段最后一句，应说明这种方法的作用：它们可以把你的缺席和消极联系起来。故E选项“通过这种方式，它们可以把你的缺席和消极联系起来”符合语境，故选E。

21．D 22．A 23．C 24．A 25．B 26．B 27．C 28．A 29．D 30．D 31．A 32．D 33．C 34．A 35．D

【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过克服了演奏单簧管的恐惧领悟到了恐惧会消耗人的生活，逃避它，只会创造一个无法爬出来的洞，面对它，人生会变得更加轻松和愉快。
21．考查副词短语辨析。句意：年初过得很顺利。A. badly糟糕地；B. endlessly无止境地；C. randomly随机地；D. smoothly顺利地。根据下句“But as most students progressed, I seemed to fall behind.(但随着大多数学生的进步，我似乎落后了)”可知，But前后表示转折，But后说慢慢地自己落后了，所以这里应是说这一年刚开始的时候很顺利。故选D。
22．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我知道我会搞砸的。A. mess up搞砸，弄糟；B. move on继续前进；C. set out出发；D. take off起飞。根据前句“I was filled with fear.(我充满了恐惧。)”可知，作者内心恐惧，感觉自己会演奏不好，把事情搞砸。故选A。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我开始演奏时，我的节奏很好，但我的音调是另一回事。A. impression印象；B. essay文章；C. story故事，描述；D. factor。but前后表示转折，前面“my rhythms(节奏) were good”讲作者的节奏好，所以这里是说自己的音调不好。another story意为“另一回事，不同情况(通常指不好的一面)”。故选C。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感到非常羞愧，我的世界瞬间崩溃了。A. crashing崩溃，坍塌；B. moving移动；C. selling出售；D. bending弯曲。根据句中的“I felt so ashamed”可知，受到老师的指责后，作者很羞愧，世界崩溃了。故选A。
25．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：从那时起，我讨厌吹单簧管，而且我越来越糟。A. stricter更严厉的；B. worse更糟的；C. happier更开心的；D. smarter更聪明的。根据句中的“hated playing the clarinet”可知，因为讨厌弹簧管，作者的表现变得越来越糟糕。故选B。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一阵恐慌中，我请了病假。A. joy高兴；B. panic恐慌；C. doubt怀疑；D. sympathy同情。根据下文中的“my fears”可知，这里是fear的同义词复现，表示作者很恐慌。故选B。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的眼泪开始流下来。A. drying（使）变干；B. disappearing消失；C. flowing流；D. separating（使）分开。根据下文中的“why are you crying”可知，作者哭了。故选C。
28．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她说得有道理，我意识到我想留在乐队里，而且因为我没有面对自己的恐惧，我创造了一个很难爬出来的黑洞。A. had a point说得有道理；B. made a change做出改变；C. reached a level达到一个水平；D. took a break休息。根据空后的“and I realized...”可知，妈妈的话让作者意识到了自己的问题，所以妈妈的话很有道理。故选A。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. send发送；B. bring带来；C. pick捡起；D. climb爬。根据前面的“a black hole”可知，这个黑洞难以爬出来。故选D。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我下定决心不逃避自己的恐惧，即使是最糟糕的恐惧也要勇敢面对，这样才能找到解决方案。A. balance平衡；B. degree程度；C. position位置；D. solution结局方案。根据下文中的“My problem was solved”可知，作者要找到解决方案解决自己的问题。故选D。
31．考查动词短语辨析。句意：第二天，我见了我的乐队老师，告诉她我遇到了一个问题，不知道为什么这样。A. figure out弄清楚；B. give away泄露；C. think over仔细考虑；D. make up编造，化妆。根据空后的“why”可知，作者不知道为什么会出现这个问题。故选A。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，我能演奏得很好。A. anger气愤；B. sorrow悲伤；C. disappointment失望；D. surprise惊讶。根据空后的“I could play well”可知，换了新的簧片之后，作者惊讶地发现自己能演奏好了。故选D。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那一年，我的问题得到了解决，我的恐惧也消除了很多。A. felt感觉；B. shown显示；C. removed消除；D. voiced表达。根据下文中的“I overcame my fear”可知，作者那年的恐惧消除了许多。故选C。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：恐惧会吞噬一个人生活中的一切。A. consume消耗，毁灭；B. examine检查；C. reflect反映；D. rescue拯救。根据下句“Hiding from those very fears only creates a hole, which makes a person stay 　　15　　inside.(躲避这些恐惧只会产生一个洞，让人被困在里面。)”可知，逃避会让人一直困在恐惧当中，这会消耗人生活当中的一切。故选A。
35．考查形容词短语辨析。句意参考上题。A. unknown未知的；B. unpunished未受惩罚的；C. interested感兴趣的；D. trapped受困的。这里与上文中的“created a black hole that would be difficult to 　　9　　out of”相照应，说明这个洞会让人一直困在里面，难以爬出来。故选D。

36．museum’s 37．began 38．an 39．restoration 40．are housed 41．and 42．explaining 43．currently 44．to display 45．with

【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了几年后建成的故宫博物院的一个新分馆将更好的展出文物和提供服务。
36．考查名词所有格。句意：故宫博物院的一个新分馆预计将在未来几年内在北京郊区拔地而起，以更好地展示故宫的文物。修饰名词词组cultural relics应用名词所有格museum’s表示“博物馆的”。故填museum’s。
37．考查时态。句意：经过近十年的准备，新分馆于去年12月开始建设。空处为句子谓语动词，根据时间状last December可知，陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填began。
38．考查冠词。句意：位于海淀区西冶河村的新分馆占地面积将超过10万平方米，其中文物展览面积超过6万平方米、文物修复展览面积超过3.5万平方米。a/an...space of“一个……的空间”是固定表达，修饰词exhibition的发音是元音音素开头，故填an。
39．考查名词。句意同上。空处应填名词作宾语，restoration“修复”符合题意，抽象概念，不可数。故填restoration。
40．考查时态和语态。句意：目前，该博物馆收藏了186多万件文物。空处为句子谓语动词，根据时间状语at present判断为一般现在时，主语relics和house之间为被动关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，故填are housed。
41．考查连词。句意：然而，由于展览空间有限和办公室陈旧，每年只能展出约1万件作品。“有限的展览空间”和“办公室陈旧”是并列关系，都是每年只能展出约1万件作品的原因，应用and连接。故填and。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意：1月26日，故宫博物院副馆长Du Haijiang在接受中央电视台采访时向公众介绍了该项目，他解释说，由于严格的温度和湿度要求，书法作品和绘画作品不能在雨季、冬季或夏季展出。分析可知，此处作伴随状语，应用非谓语动词，explain和逻辑主语Du Haijiang之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填explaining。
43．考查副词。句意：由于缺乏必要的环境，一些丝绸和棉花艺术品目前根本无法展出。修饰谓语动词cannot be exhibited应用所给词的副词形式。故填currently。
44．考查不定式。句意：新分馆建成后，每年可以展出2万至3万件文物。此处为固定句型：it be+adj.+to do sth.“做某事是……的”，it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。故填to display。
45．考查介词。句意：新场馆将是一个现代化的展览空间，具有多供文物保护、修复和游客服务等多种功能。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处用介词with表示“有，具有”。故填with。
46．Paragraph 1
It was five or six minutes though it felt much longer. Dad was summoned-less, it seemed, in expectation of practical help than to make sure he didn’t miss out on the spectacle. I heard him propose calling the fire department. “Stay tuned, said Mom; she’d mentioned she was going to upload the video to Facebook, but it was only then I realized she’d been filming the whole time. The video cuts before my rescue-Dad got me to push my head farther into the pumpkin so Mom could reach in and undo the rubber band round my ponytail. I emerged with squash-conditioned hair, a sore chin and my nose plugged with pulp.
Paragraph 2
The video was posted the Monday, before Halloween. By the end of that day, it had over 1, 000 views. People asked Mom to put it on Youtube, and by Wednesday morning we were getting 5: 00 am call from TV breakfast shows and then the international media-the video started racking up hundreds of thousands of views. When I went on a youth camp, I was recognized by children I’d never met. The pumpkin also became a minor celebrity. Passersby and trick-or-treaters would knock and ask, “Which is Rachel’s pumpkin? ”before taking selfies with it.
【分析】文章以南瓜为线索展开，讲述了万圣节雕刻南瓜活动过程中，作者认为把头塞进南瓜里就能解决这个问题，但这在当时似乎是完全合理的。但是南瓜很重，当作者试图把头移开时，却发现头拔不出来了。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“只有五六分钟，但感觉时间更长。”可知，第一段可描写家人帮助作者的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“这段视频是在万圣节前的周一发布的。”可知，第二段可描写作者头套南瓜的视频在网上走红了。
2.续写线索
爸爸提议给消防队员打电话——作者意识到妈妈在拍视频——作者下巴疼痛——妈妈把视频放到网上——视频开始获得数十万的浏览量——作者被认出来
3.词汇激活
行为类
①提议：propose→offer
②意识到：realize→be aware of
③获得：rack up→obtain
④认出：recognize→identify
情绪类
①疼痛的：sore→painful
【点睛】[高分句型1]
Stay tuned, said Mom; she’d mentioned she was going to upload the video to Facebook, but it was only then I realized she’d been filming the whole time.（it was…that…连接强调句）
[高分句型2]
When I went on a youth camp, I was recognized by children I’d never met.（when引导时间状语从句）