专题10 考前预测练2(含听力、答题卡)- 高二英语下学期期末知识点精讲+训练学案（外研版2019）

这是一份专题10 考前预测练2(含听力、答题卡)- 高二英语下学期期末知识点精讲+训练学案（外研版2019），文件包含专题10考前预测练2解析版docx、专题10考前预测练2考试版docx、专题10考前预测练2答题卡doc、专题10考前预测练2Mp3mp3等4份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共37页， 欢迎下载使用。

 期末考前预测2（外研版2019）
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man think of his cat?
A. Too old. B. Quite lovely. C. Very active.
【答案】A
【原文】
M: I wish my cat were as active as your dog.
W: Indeed, your cat is also very lovely. How old is she?
M: About eight years old. Because of her age, I decide to buy another pet.
2. What does the woman expect the man to do?
A. Take out the rubbish. B. Clean the bedroom. C. Collect the dustbins.
【答案】A
【原文】
W: So much rubbish! See it?
M: But where do these go?
W: These are household food wastes. You need to put them in the green bin outside.
3. What might the woman be?
A. A doctor. B. A nurse. C. A patient.
【答案】B
【原文】
M: Good morning, I have an appointment with Doctor Clark at 8:30.
W: Follow me to Room A please. Let me take your temperature and blood pressure first.
4. Where does the cat usually stay?
A. In a basket. B. In a tree. C. In the kitchen.
【答案】A
【原文】
W: Why is the cat sitting in the tree?
M: He is unhappy because I threw his old basket away. He stays in it all the time.
W: I’ll put some food in the kitchen to attract him down.
5. What are the speakers probably doing?
A. Adopting a pet.
B. Walking their dogs.
C. Taking shelter from the rain.
【答案】B
【原文】
W: Nice day, isn’t it?
M: So it is. A bright day after a shower. Your dog is lovely.
W: So is yours. I only adopted mine three days ago.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What time is it?
A. 9:00 a.m. B. 9:10 a.m. C. 9:20 a.m.
7. How does the man feel?
A. Cold. B. Hot. C. Normal.
【答案】BA
【原文】
M: Oh, how long do I have to wait, Mom?
W: Not long now. Try to relax.
M: But the doctor told us to come at 9:00 a.m., and we were exactly on time. Why won’t he see me.
W: He will. We’ve only been here for ten minutes.
M: I am so cold. It’s not normal.
W: Your temperature is high. You have a fever. The doctor will give you some medicine for it.
M: I’ve never felt so bad.
W: Poor boy. But try not to worry. The doctor will make you feel better.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At home. B. In a bookstore. C. At school.
9. Why is Sarah sad?
A. Her pet got lost.
B. Her work is difficult.
C. Her parents have problems.
10. What does Mr. Thompson suggest Sara do?
A. Get a cat. B. Read a book. C. Focus on her lessons.
【答案】CAB
【原文】
W: Hello, Mr. Thompson. Miss Lennon said you wanted to speak to me.
M: Yes, Sarah. And your work is suffering. Is something on your mind?
W: Yes, I do feel a little bit sad.
M: Why is that? Is the schoolwork too hard for you or is there a problem at home?
W: No, no…it’s Tony.
M: Ah, boyfriend trouble.
W: Tony was my cat. He was lost last week. He was my best friend.
M: Oh, I’m sorry to hear that. I know how that feels — and getting a new cat doesn’t always help.
W: I couldn’t do that.
M: Sarah, I’m going to give you a little book to read. It’s called Coping with Loss, and it might help you deal with your feelings.
W: OK, and I will try to focus on my lessons.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What does the woman think of the play?
A. Boring. B. Exciting. C. Confusing.
12. When did the man read the play?
A. Last year. B. Last month. C. Last week.
13. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Read it out loud.
B. Act out the play.
C. Join a study group.
【答案】CAB
【原文】
M: What are you reading?
W: This? It’s a play called A Midsummer Night’s Dream. It’s by William Shakespeare. Have you read it?
M: Yeah, last year. Our class liked it a lot.
W: Really? I find it hard to understand.
M: Well, if you are going to read Shakespeare, you must know that he never wrote any of his plays to be read.
W: What? He didn’t want anyone to read them?
M: I mean he didn’t want one person to sit alone and read them. He wanted the plays acted out!
W: Oh, I get it. So, you’re saying that I should act out the play instead of reading it?
M: Exactly! Find some students in your class and act it out together. It will be exciting. And you will understand the play much better.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. Why does the woman turn to the man?
A. She has a toothache. B. She has dirt on the teeth. C. She needs to remove one tooth.
15. How much should the woman pay for the treatment of her teeth?
A. $50. B. $100. C. $150.
16. When will the woman come for her first teeth cleaning?
A. Tomorrow morning. B. This afternoon. C. Tomorrow afternoon.
【答案】BCA
【原文】
M: Hi, how are you?
W: I’m good. I’m actually tired of the dirt on my teeth. Could you suggest any treatment that could remove it permanently?
M: Well, we can fix that with cleaning and polishing.
W: How much will it cost?
M: The whole process will take 3 times of 45 minutes each. Each time will cost you $50.
W: Will it be painful?
M: No. Not at all! You won’t even know what’s going on.
W: Can I get an appointment for the first teeth cleaning?
M: Sure. My schedule is full this afternoon.You can come tomorrow morning at 11.
W: Okay, thanks.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What color is Pauly’s head?
A. A little blue. B. Totally green. C. Mostly red.
18. Why is the speaker worried about Pauly?
A. He won’t survive on his own.
B. He refuses to eat anything.
C. He has a broken tail.
19. In what season did Pauly get lost?
A. Autumn. B. Winter. C. Summer.
20. What does the speaker expect people to do if they hear Pauly?
A. Record Pauly’s loud call.
B. Tell him right away.
C. Give Pauly something to eat.
【答案】CAAB
【原文】
M: I’ve lost my pet bird. If anyone sees my bird flying around the neighborhood, please call me at 347-8399. He’s about ten inches high with bright green feathers. His tail has some blue feathers in it, and his head is mostly red. He’s a very nice bird, and his name is Pauly. I’m very sad that he flew away. I’m afraid that he won’t be able to find enough to eat, because he’s not a wild bird. Also, winter is coming soon. He might die when the weather gets colder. Please help me find him! Keep your eyes and ears open! You might not see him, but you will definitely hear his loud call. If you think you might have heard him, please call me right away. Tell me where you were when you heard him, and I’ll go there. I will call his name. If he’s anywhere nearby, he will definitely fly back to me. I trained him since he was a very young bird, and he’s my best friend!
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
A medical emergency can happen anywhere at any time. Taking a brief moment to seek help is often the best first response. But before an ambulance can get to the scene, the immediate first aid attendance to anyone who is injured seriously makes a difference between life and death. LifeSaver Team has been providing CPR (心肺复苏术) and first aid training since 2009. Here are a few of their most popular courses:
CPR AED
It is a classroom, video-based, instructor-led course that teaches the basic techniques of CPR and the use of an AED (自动体外除颤器), as well as how to relive choking, This course teaches sill with research-proven technique.
• Course length: 2 hours
• Initial course: $50 (Enroll in a first aid course for an additional $30)
Upon completion of this course, students will receive an American Heart Association Heartsaver First Aid Course Completion Card that is valid (有效的) for two years.
Basic Life Support
This is a classroom course designed to provide a wide variety of healthcare professionals with the ability to recognize several life-threatening emergencies, provide CPR, use an AED, and relieve choking in a timely and effective manner.
• Course length: 4 hours
• Initial course: $60 (Enroll in a first aid course for an additional $30)
The American Heart Association BLS for Healtheare Provider Course Completion Card is valid for two years.
First Aid
It is a classroom, video-based, instructor-led course that teaches students critical skills to manage an emergency in the first few minutes until emergency medical services arrive. Students learn skills such as how to treat bleeding, broken bones and other first aid emergencies.
• Course length: 2 hours
• Initial course: $45
Upon completion of this course, students will receive an American Heart Association Heartsaver CPR AED Course Completion Card that is valid for two years.
21. What should be often done first in a medical emergency?
A. Calling for help at once.
B. Providing immediate first aid.
C. Taking the injured to the hospital.
D. Leaving the scene as soon as possible.
22. How much does it cost if an average person wants to learn about first aid, CPR and AED use?
A. $80. B. $90. C. $95. D. $105.
23. What do the listed courses have in common?
A. They are available online.
B. They are for all individuals.
C. They take the same amount of time.
D. They include a two-year AHA certificate.
【答案与解析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了由LifeSaver Team 提供的三种不同类型的急救相关课程。
21. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Taking a brief moment to seek help is often the best first response.(花点时间寻求帮助通常是最好的第一反应。)”可知，在医疗紧急情况发生时，迅速寻求帮助通常是最好的第一反应。故选 A项。
22. 细节理解题。根据CPR AED部分“It is a classroom, video-based, instructor-led course that teaches the basic techniques of CPR and the use of an AED, as well as how to relive choking. (这是一门基于视频的课堂授课课程，教授CPR的基本技巧和AED的使用，以及如何缓解窒息。)”以及“Initial course: $50 (Enroll in a first aid course for an additional $30) (初始课程：50美元（额外报名参加急救课程30美元）)”可知，该课程教授CPR的基本技巧和AED的使用，学习CPR和AED外加急救课程的费用是50+30=80美元。故选A项。
23. 细节理解题。根据CPR AED部分“Upon completion of this course, students will receive an American Heart Association Heartsaver First Aid Course Completion Card that is valid for two years.(完成本课程后，学生将收到美国心脏协会Heartsaver急救课程完成卡，有效期两年。)”，Basic Life Support部分“The American Heart Association BLS for Healtheare Provider Course Completion Card is valid for two years.(美国心脏协会BLS for Healtheare提供者课程完成卡有效期为两年。)”以及First Aid部分“Upon completion of this course, students will receive an American Heart Association Heartsaver CPR AED Course Completion Card that is valid for two years.(完成本课程后，学生将收到美国心脏协会心脏保护程序CPR AED课程完成卡，有效期两年。)”可知，学习完三种课程都会可获得由美国心脏协会（American Heart Association）颁发的有效期为两年的证书。故选D项。
B
Zebrafish, named for their characteristic stripes (条纹), have been a popular test subject for researchers. Only a few centimeters in length, the fish reproduce easily in captivity (圈养), grow quickly, and their transparent body makes it easy to study their organs. Above all, they possess some surprising “self-healing” power. When part of their heart is removed, they can grow it back in a matter of weeks. When blinded, they can quickly regain the ability to see.
Recent studies show that humans and zebrafish have the same major organs and share 70 percent of the genes. Moreover, 84 percent of human genes associated with disease find a counterpart in zebrafish. Scientists thus hope that understanding the self-healing mystery of the fish may one day allow humans to regenerate (使……再生) such organs as eyes, hearts, and spines.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University are particularly interested in zebrafish retina (视网膜) regeneration. They have learned that damage of retina can cause blindness in zebrafish, yet it only takes about three to four weeks before vision is regained. The structure and cell types of zebrafish reins are almost the same to those of humans. If the process can be copied in humans, it may give rise to new treatments for blindness caused by retinal damage.
In order to know exactly how zebrafsh retina is regenerated, the team looked at the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a chemical messenger in the brain that reduces the activity of neurons. They found that lowering GABA levels in zebrafish can activate retina regeneration, while a high level of GABA concentration will suppress the regeneration process. This suggested that GABA plays an important role in the fish’s ability to regain their sight. The result served as a further proof to scientists previous work.
The team is beginning to test the GABA theory on mice. If that works, human trials will be next on the agenda. If the research proves successful in humans, some of the nearly 40 million blind people worldwide may one day have a tiny, striped fish to thank.
24. What’s the most amazing for zebrafish?
A. Its beautiful stripes. B. Its regeneration ability. C. Its transparent body. D. Its excellent eyesight.
25. What does the underlined word “suppress” mean in paragraph 4?
A. Hold back. B. Add up. C. Draw up. D. Get over.
26. What do we know about the study in Vanderbilt University?
A. Humans are currently under trial.
B. The first experimental subject is mice.
C. The researchers had unexpected discoveries.
D. The results are in line with previous study findings.
27. Which of the following is the best title of the text?
A. How Do Zebrafish Heal Themselves?
B. What Is the Mystery of Zebrafish Retina?
C. Will Self-healing Power of Zebrafish Be Regained?
D. Could the Tiny Zebrafish Teach Us to Cure Blindness?
【答案与解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员通过一系列实验观察斑马鱼视网膜是如何再生的，并想通过这一机理为人类社会造福。
24. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Above all, they possess some surprising “self-healing” power. When part of their heart is removed, they can grow it back in a matter of weeks.(最重要的是，它们具有一些令人惊讶的“自愈”能力。当它们的一部分心脏被切除后，它们可以在几周内重新长出来)”可知，斑马鱼最神奇的地方是它的再生能力。故选B。
25. 词句猜测题。根据前文“They found that lowering GABA levels in zebrafish can activate retina regeneration(他们发现，降低斑马鱼体内的GABA水平可以激活视网膜再生)”后面的转折接连词while可知，斑马鱼体内的GABA水平较高相反会抑制视网膜再生。由此推知，划线词suppress是“抑制”的意思，与hold back意思接近。故选A。
26. 细节理解题。根据第四段“The result served as a further proof to scientists previous work.(这一结果进一步证明了科学家们之前的工作)”可知，范德比尔特大学的这项研究结果与之前的研究结果一致。故选D。
27. 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“If the research proves successful in humans, some of the nearly 40 million blind people worldwide may one day have a tiny, striped fish to thank.(如果这项研究在人类身上取得成功，那么世界上近4000万盲人中的一些人有一天可能会感谢一条小小的条纹鱼)”及全文可知，本文主要介绍了研究人员通过一系列实验观察斑马鱼视网膜是如何再生的，并想通过这一机理为人类社会造福。由此可知，“Could the Tiny Zebrafish Teach Us to Cure Blindness?(微小的斑马鱼能教我们治疗失明吗？)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
C
It is generally acknowledged that a time-out, a method of checking misbehavior by removing the child from his or her current situation for a few minutes of quiet time, is bad for children’s emotional and behavioral health. However, a new study suggests that despite always getting criticized, the common disciplinary (纪律的) strategy isn’t linked to harmful effects on children.
Researchers compared emotional and behavioral health between kids whose parents reported using time-outs and those who didn’t over a roughly eight-year period. The result: no difference. There was no association between reported use of time-outs and negative symptoms in later childhood, including anxiety, depression, internalizing or externalizing problems, aggression, rule-breaking behavior, or self-control, according to the findings in Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics (儿科学).
“Parents are constantly questioning whether they are doing the right thing for their children. Unfortunately the first place many parents go for advice is the Internet — not a medical provider. There is a lot of conflicting information on the Web that isn’t accurate,” says lead author Rachel Knight, PhD, pediatric psychologist at University of Michigan C. S. Mott Children’s Hospital. “In fact, they may not be aware that time-out is one of the child discipline strategies currently recommended by American Academy of Pediatrics.”
Further studies are needed to continue evaluating specific claims made against time-outs and both their short-term and long-term effects across different populations and ages. Experts also need to find more effective ways to communicate evidence-based information to parents.
“As we further our understanding about how different parenting strategies affect children, we need to present findings in an easily digestible and accessible way for the public,” she also says, “Our goal is to clear up misconceptions and promote the use of the highly effective, evidence-based strategies that will best guide parents and families.”
28. What do people generally think of a time-out?
A. It has negative effects on children.
B. It is an ineffective way of punishment.
C. It is a method to assess children’s misbehavior.
D. It has nothing to do with harmful effects on children.
29. What can be inferred from Knight’s words in the third paragraph?
A. Most young parents lack medical knowledge.
B. Some information on the Internet needs regulating.
C. She is concerned about the overuse of time-outs.
D. The more time-outs are used, the better children behave.
30. What is the target of Knight’s further research?
A. To recommend some effective strategies to parents.
B. To remove people’s misunderstanding about time-outs.
C. To appeal to government to regulate information on the Net.
D. To warn parents of getting evidence-based information from experts.
31. What’s the best title for the text?
A. How Parents Use Time-out Correctly
B. Time-outs Bad for Children’s Behavioral Health
C. Some Highly Effective Strategies to Guide Parents
D. Time-outs Not Associated with Negative Effects on Children
【答案与解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲的是“面壁思过”是一种对孩子实施的惩戒措施。但人们普遍认为这种方法对孩子有很坏的影响。然而有一项新的研究表明，“面壁思过”对孩子没有负面影响。本文通过研究推翻了人们对“面壁思过”的错误看法。
28. 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“It is generally acknowledged that a time-out, a method of checking misbehavior by removing the child from his or her current situation for a few minutes of quiet time, is bad for children’s emotional and behavioral health.(人们普遍认为，把孩子从他或她的现状中抽出几分钟安静的时间来检查不良行为的“面壁思过”对孩子的情绪和行为健康有害)”可知，人们普遍认为“面壁思过”对孩子有消极的影响。故选A。
29. 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Unfortunately the first place many parents go for advice is the Internet — not a medical provider. There is a lot of conflicting information on the Web that isn’t accurate(不幸的是，许多父母寻求建议的第一个地方是互联网——而不是医疗机构。网上有很多不准确的相互矛盾的信息)”可推知，很多网络信息不准确，所以需要得到管控。故选B。
30. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Our goal is to clear up misconceptions and promote the use of the highly effective , evidence-based strategies that will best guide parents and families.(我们的目标是澄清误解，并促进使用最有效的、以证据为基础的策略，这将最好地指导父母和家庭)”可知，Knight的进一步研究的目的是消除人们对“面壁思过”的错误看法，澄清这一误解。故选B。
31. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“It is generally acknowledged that a time-out, a method of checking misbehavior by removing the child from his or her current situation for a few minutes of quiet time, is bad for children’s emotional and behavioral health. However, a new study suggests that despite always getting criticized, the common disciplinary (纪律的) strategy isn’t linked to harmful effects on children.(人们普遍认为，把孩子从他或她的现状中抽出几分钟安静的时间来检查不良行为的“面壁思过”对孩子的情绪和行为健康有害。然而，一项新的研究表明，尽管经常受到批评，但常见的惩戒策略与对孩子的有害影响无关)”可知，本文主要讲述的是，人们普遍认为“面壁思过”对孩子有很坏的影响。然而有一项新的研究表明，“面壁思过”对孩子没有负面影响。本文介绍了推翻人们对“面壁思过”的错误看法的研究。由此可知，本文的最佳题目是D项“Time-outs Not Associated with Negative Effects on Children.(面壁思过对儿童没有负面影响)”。故选D。
D
It’s been a roller coaster ride for pets during the pandemic (疫情). All of a sudden, their families were home 24/7. While people got fascinated with cleaning, baking, and keeping themselves entertained, curious dogs and cats sometimes ended up getting hurt by these new habits.
The increase in these new pastimes saw a corresponding increase in the number of pandemic-related pet poisonings. “Our call volume has more than doubled since pre-pandemic. This is likely due to several factors including pets getting into more things at home simply because their people are doing more things at home,” says Dr. Ahna Brutlag. “Overall chocolate still remains our number one toxin (毒质), at least for dogs, but we were surprised to see how each of those listed increased relative to pre-pandemic times. We regularly see these types of cases, but we saw a surge of them during the pandemic.”
Although many pet owners look for eco-friendly cleaning products to keep their pets safe, there was a 92% increase in pet poisonings from cleaning products. Besides using eco-friendly cleaning products, there are things you can do to keep your pets safe at home, pandemic or not. “Pets are like kids. They are opportunists and will readily consume items left around the house,” Brutlag says. She suggests that pet owners think about pet-proofing their homes in the same way that parents kid-proof their homes in order to keep dogs and cats from getting into things that can hurt them. “Also, don’t underestimate how good their noses are and how high they can jump! They are experts at smelling food on a countertop and then finding a way to access it,” Brutlag says.
And if you think that your pet has had something potentially dangerous, reach out to your veterinarian or the helpline quickly. In potential poisoning cases, she points out, time is critical.
32. What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?
A. Pets prefer to play the roller coaster ride.
B. Working at home is a fashionable tendency.
C. The changes of people’s life style influence pets.
D. It’s hard for people and pets to live harmoniously.
33. What does the underlined word “surge” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Sharp decline. B. Sudden increase.
C. Steady balance. D. Rapid change.
34. What can we learn about pets from paragraph 3?
A. Eco-friendly cleaning products can keep pets safe.
B. Dogs and cats are usually under their owners’ control.
C. Protecting pets is more difficult than protecting kids.
D. Food is easily accessible to pets at home.
35. What is the text mainly about?
A. Pets need more love and care. B. Pet poisonings increase at home.
C. A survey on pets during the pandemic. D. People’s fascinations with housework.
【答案与解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了封闭居家时宠物存在中毒几率增加的风险这一现象。
32. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段的最后一句“While people got fascinated with cleaning, baking, and keeping themselves entertained, curious dogs and cats sometimes ended up getting hurt by these new habits.”（人们在享受打扫卫生、烘焙、娱乐的同时，好奇的猫猫狗狗们有时会因为人们的这些新习惯而受到伤害。），打扫卫生、烘焙和娱乐是疫情期间人们所转变的生活方式，有时候猫猫狗狗们会因此受到伤害，也就是宠物会受到人们生活方式转变的影响。故选C项。
33. 词句猜测题。根据文章第二段中“The increase in these new pastimes saw a corresponding increase in the number of pandemic-related pet poisonings.”（随着这些新消遣方式的增加，与大流行相关的宠物中毒数量也相应增加。）和“Overall chocolate still remains our number one toxin (毒质), at least for dogs, but we were surprised to see how each of those listed increased relative to pre-pandemic times.”（总体而言，巧克力仍然是头号毒素，至少对狗狗来说是如此，但我们惊讶地发现，与疫情发生以前相比，名单内的每种毒素都增加了。）可知，疫情期间，让宠物中毒的东西变多了，所以宠物中毒的案例剧增，所以此处的“surge”意为“剧增”，即B项的sudden increase。故选B项。
34. 推理判断题。根据文章第三段的“Also, don’t underestimate how good their noses are and how high they can jump! They are experts at smelling food on a countertop and then finding a way to access it.”（此外，不要低估它们的嗅觉，也不要低估它们跳的高度！它们擅长在台面上闻出食物的味道，然后找到接触食物的方法。）可知，宠物们擅长嗅到食物的味道并得到食物。所以宠物们在家里很容易就能获得食物。故选D项。
35. 主旨大意题。本文具体分析了疫情期间由于人们居家时间长，用于洗刷打扫卫生等用品增加，增大了宠物中毒的几率，最后给出了如何防范的措施。所以B项Pet poisonings increase at home.（居家宠物中毒几率上升）符合题意。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题:每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Close a Wound During First Aid
Closing and treating wounds (most often small scrapes) is a relatively common part of providing first aid. ____36____, your main priority should be stopping the bleeding and getting emergency help.
____37____. Quickly grab a clean cloth, towel and press the wounded region immediately. Hold it there for 3 minutes or until the bleeding stops, a small wound takes 25 to 30 seconds to clot, while a larger wound will take longer.
Stop the bleeding. You’ll need to hold a towel in place for a few minutes to fully stop the bleeding. In the case of a minor scratch, bleeding will normally stop not long after the cut is sustained.
____38____. Once the bleeding has stopped, you will need to clean out any residual dirt from the small wound. Using a pair of tweezers, gently remove any small stones or pieces of soil that may be stuck in the exposed flesh.
Clean the wound with cool water. Now that the wound is free of dirt and debris, your next priority is to clean the wounded area. If you’re near a house or building, you can use the water from a faucet. ____39____. Running water over the area for 5-10 minutes will remove any lingering dirt or bacteria.
Deposit a thin layer of antibiotic cream on the wound. This cream will kill any bacteria that may have gotten in the wound, and help the wound to heal more quickly. ____40____. Common brands of antibiotic creams include Neosporin, Polysporin, A & D ointment or Bacitracin.
A. You should reapply pressure to the wound after the cleaning
B. If not, wash the wound with clean water from a water bottle
C. Control the bleeding
D. Apply gentle pressure to the small wound
E. It will also make the wound airtight
F. Remove any dirt from the wound
G. If the wound you’re treating is serious
【答案与解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何处理伤口进行了步骤说明。
36. 根据上文“Closing and treating wounds (most often small scrapes) is a relatively common part of providing first aid.(缝合和治疗伤口（通常是小擦伤）是提供急救的一个相对常见的部分)”以及后文“your main priority should be stopping the bleeding and getting emergency help.(你的首要任务应该是止血和获得紧急帮助)”可知，上文提到了小擦伤，后文提到了止血，可见是受伤比较严重的情况。故G选项“如果你治疗的伤口很严重”符合语境，故选G。
37. 根据后文“Quickly grab a clean cloth, towel and press the wounded region immediately. Hold it there for 3 minutes or until the bleeding stops, a small wound takes 25 to 30 seconds to clot, while a larger wound will take longer.(迅速抓起一块干净的布、毛巾，立即按伤部位。按住它3分钟或直到出血停止，小伤口需要25到30秒才能凝结，而大伤口需要更长的时间)”可知，本段的急救措施是通过按压伤口止血。故D选项“轻轻按压小伤口”符合语境，故选D。
38. 根据后文“Once the bleeding has stopped, you will need to clean out any residual dirt from the small wound. Using a pair of tweezers, gently remove any small stones or pieces of soil that may be stuck in the exposed flesh.(一旦出血停止，你需要清除小伤口上的任何残留污垢。用镊子，轻轻地取出任何可能卡在裸露的肉里的小石头或泥土)”可知，本段的主旨是清楚伤口上的污垢，F选项中dirt对应后文中dirt。故F选项“清除伤口上的污垢”符合语境，故选F。
39. 根据上文“Clean the wound with cool water. Now that the wound is free of dirt and debris, your next priority is to clean the wounded area. If you’re near a house or building, you can use the water from a faucet.(用凉水清洗伤口。现在伤口已经没有灰尘和碎片了，你的下一个首要任务就是清理伤口。如果你在房子或建筑物附近，你可以使用水龙头里的水)”以及后文“Running water over the area for 5-10 minutes will remove any lingering dirt or bacteria.(用流动水冲洗5-10分钟可以去除残留的污垢或细菌)”可知，上文提到用水龙头里的水来清洗伤口，可知本句承接上文继续对可以使用的水进行说明，故B选项“如果没有，用水瓶中的清水清洗伤口”符合语境，故选B。
40. 根据上文“Deposit a thin layer of antibiotic cream on the wound. This cream will kill any bacteria that may have gotten in the wound, and help the wound to heal more quickly.(在伤口上敷一层薄薄的抗生素药膏。这种药膏可以杀死任何可能进入伤口的细菌，帮助伤口更快地愈合)”可知，本句承接上文继续对药膏的作用进行说明：使伤口密封。故E选项“它还可以使伤口密封”符合语境，故选E。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It took humans thousands of years to understand our own planet, and centuries ___41___ our neighboring planets. Nowadays, new worlds are being ___42___ every week.
Up to the present time, astronomers have ___43___ more than 370 “exoplanets”—planets orbiting (绕……运动) outer space stars (恒星) other than our sun. There is a “hot Saturn (土星)” 260 light-years from Earth that orbits its parent star so ___44___ that a year there lasts less than three days. ___45___ another star 150 light-years out is a burning “hot Jupiter (木星),” where upper atmosphere (大气层) is being burning to form a huge comet-like tail. Astronomers have found another three ___46___ orbiting a pulsar (脉冲星)—the remains of a once huge star shrinking (收缩) into a small atomic nucleus the ___47___ of a city. Some planets have obviously fallen into their suns. Others have been thrown out of their ___48___ to become “floaters” that float in the darkness of the universe.
Among all these, scientists are eager to find a clue of the ___49___: planets like the Earth. That is, planets orbiting their stars at just the right distance—neither too hot nor too cold—to ____50____ life as we know it. We have not yet found planets that are quite like our own, ____51____ because they’re inconspicuous (不起眼的). To see a planet as ____52____ and slim as ours among the brightness of its star is like trying to see a firefly in a fireworks display.   ____53____ by pushing technology to the ____54____, astronomers are rapidly approaching the day when they can find another Earth. And when they do, they can examine it for ____55____ of life.
41. A. explore B. separate C. forget D. defend
42. A. revised B. discovered C. saved D. created
43. A. travelled B. damaged C. recognized D. ignored
44. A. slowly B. easily C. wrongly D. rapidly
45. A. Removing B. Circling C. Lighting D. Showing
46. A. stars B. moons C. planets D. satellites
47. A. type B. distance C. power D. size
48. A. authorities B. species C. systems D. facilities
49. A. familiar B. previous C. unknown D. distant
50. A. hide B. discover C. injure D. support
51. A. luckily B. instantly C. probably D. officially
52. A. small B. bright C. blue D. clear
53. A. And B. Yet C. So D. Thus
54. A. limits B. ends C. opposites D. beginnings
55. A. examples B. designs C. means D. signs
【答案与解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了除地球外的其他“系外行星”并介绍了人类为了寻找与地球相似的行星所做出的努力。
41. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：人类花了数千年的时间才了解了我们自己的星球，并花了数百年的时间探索我们邻近的星球。A. explore探索；B. separate分离；C. forget忘记；D. defend保卫。根据后文内容可知，后文内容介绍的是我们邻近的星球，由此可知，句中指花了数百年的时间探索我们邻近的星球，有探索才会有发现。故选A项。
42. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，每周都有新的世界被发现。A. revised修改，复习；B. discovered发现；C. saved拯救；D. created创造。根据句中“new worlds”可知，随着人类的不断探索，应该是有新的世界被发现。故选B项。
43. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，天文学家已经识别了370多颗“系外行星”——围绕太阳以外的外层空间恒星运行的行星。A. travelled旅行；B. damaged损坏；C. recognized认出，识别；D. ignored忽视。根据下文“hot Saturn”和“hot Jupiter”可知，下文介绍的是其他“系外行星”，由此可知，句中指天文学家已经识别了370多颗“系外行星”。故选C项。
44. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：有一个距离地球260光年的“热土星”，它绕其母星运行的速度如此之快，以至于在那里一年的持续时间不到三天。A. slowly慢速地；B. easily容易地；C. wrongly错误地；D. rapidly迅速地，很快地。根据句中“a year there lasts less than three days”可知，在那里一年的持续时间不到三天，由此可知，“热土星”绕其母星运行的速度是很快的。故选D项。
45. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：环绕150光年外的另一颗恒星移动的是一颗燃烧的“热木星”，在那里上层大气正在燃烧，形成一个巨大的彗星状尾巴。A. Removing移动；B. Circling环绕……移动；C. Lighting点燃；D. Showing展示。根据上文“There is a “hot Saturn (土星)” 260 light-years from Earth that orbits its parent star so…”中的“orbits”可知，句中应用“Circling”，意为“环绕……移动”，指环绕150光年外的另一颗恒星移动的是一颗燃烧的“热木星”。故选B项。
46. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：天文学家还发现了另外三颗围绕脉冲星运行的行星——一颗曾经巨大的恒星的残骸缩小成一个城市大小的小原子核。A. stars恒星；B. moons月亮；C. planets行星；D. satellites人造卫星。根据上文“exoplanets”可知，本段内容介绍的是“系外行星”，由此可知，句中指另外三颗围绕脉冲星运行的行星。故选C项。
47. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：天文学家还发现了另外三颗围绕脉冲星运行的行星——一颗曾经巨大的恒星的残骸缩小成一个城市大小的小原子核。A. type类型；B. distance距离；C. power权力，能力；D. size大小，尺寸。根据句中“a once huge star”中的“huge”可知，这里介绍的是恒星的大小，由此可知，句中指“缩小成一个城市大小的小原子核”。故选D项。
48. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他行星则被赶出它们的系统，成为漂浮在宇宙黑暗中的“漂浮者”。A. authorities权力，权威；B. species物种；C. systems体系，系统；D. facilities设施。根据句中“become “floaters” that float in the darkness of the universe.”可知，其他行星成为漂浮在宇宙黑暗中的“漂浮者”，由此可知，它们是被赶出了它们所在的系统。故选C项。
49. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在所有这些中，科学家们渴望找到一条熟悉的线索：像地球这样的行星。A. familiar熟悉的；B. previous以前的；C. unknown未知的；D. distant遥远的。根据句中“planets like the Earth”可知，找到“像地球这样的行星”对我们来说应该是一条熟悉的线索。故选A项。
50. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：也就是说，行星围绕恒星运行的距离恰到好处——既不太热也不太冷——足以支持我们所知道的生命。A. hide隐藏；B. discover发现；C. injure伤害；D. support支持。根据句中“neither too hot nor too cold”可知，“既不太热也不太冷”的条件下应该是可以支持人类生存的。故选D项。
51. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们还没有发现与我们自己的行星非常相似的行星，可能是因为它们不起眼。A. luckily幸运的是；B. instantly立即地；C. probably可能地；D. officially官方地。根据句中“because they’re inconspicuous”可知，“因为它们不起眼”是我们推测的“我们还没有发现与我们自己的行星非常相似的行星”的原因，是我们推测的原因，应用“probably”。故选C项。
52. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在明亮的星光中看到一颗像我们这样又小又细的行星，就像试图在烟花表演中看到一只萤火虫。A. small小的；B. bright明亮的；C. blue蓝色的；D. clear清楚的。根据句中“a firefly in a fireworks display”中的“firefly”可知，在烟花表演中的萤火虫是小的，不容易看到，由此可知，句中指又小又细的行星，在明亮的星光中是不起眼的。故选A项。
53. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：然而，通过将技术推向极限，天文学家正在迅速接近找到另一个地球的那一天。A. And和；B. Yet然而，但是；C. So所以；D. Thus因此。根据句中“astronomers are rapidly approaching the day when they can find another Earth”可知，上下文为转折关系，上文说我们还没有发现与我们自己的行星非常相似的行星，下文说天文学家正在迅速接近找到另一个地球的那一天，由此可知，应用连词“Yet”，表转折。故选B项。
54. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，通过将技术推向极限，天文学家正在迅速接近找到另一个地球的那一天。A. limits限制，极限；B. ends结尾；C. opposites对立面；D. beginnings开端。根据句意和生活常识可知，应该是随着技术的发展，天文学家有可能找到另一个地球，由此可知，句中指将技术推向极限。故选A项。
55. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们这样做时，他们可以检查它是否有生命迹象。A. examples例子；B. designs设计；C. means方法；D. signs迹象。根据上文内容可知，天文学家正在寻找与地球相似地星球，由此可知，他们要检查那些星球是否有生命迹象。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题:每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chinese speaking and listening test of Ireland’s Leaving Certificate exam this year were held on Saturday, marking the ____56____ (one) time the country has included Chinese as a foreign language elective subject on the national college entrance examination.
This year’s Chinese test ____57____ (include) speaking，listening and ____58____ (write) sections, which contain multiple choices, cloze tests and a composition. The speaking and listening parts have been tested, while the rest will be held on June 20.
The Irish government is ____59____ (full) aware of the importance of creating the opportunity to learn Chinese ____60____ its students, especially against the backdrop of economic globalization,____61____ deepening China-Ireland trade ties, said Mary Mitchell 0’Connor, Ireland’s former minister of higher education.
More Irish people have become ____62____ (interest) in learning Chinese, and the number of Irish students ____63____ (come) to study in China is also expanding, O’Connor said in 2017, adding ____64____ personnel exchanges and educational _____65_____ (cooperate) between the two countries are growing well.
【答案】56. first
57. includes
58. written
59. fully
60. for
61. and
62. interested
63. coming
64. that
65. cooperation
【答案与解析】这是一篇新闻报道。2022年爱尔兰高考中文口语考试如期举行，这是爱尔兰首次将中文纳入高考外语选考科目。
56. 考查序数词。句意：今年爱尔兰毕业证书考试的汉语听说考试于周六举行，这标志着该国首次将汉语作为外语选修课纳入全国高考。根据空前冠词the可知，该空需要序数词作定语，结合语境，爱尔兰第一次将汉语纳入高考。故填first。
57. 考查谓语动词时态和主谓一致。句意：今年的汉语考试包括说、听、写三个部分，包括多项选择题、完形填空和一篇作文。该空所给动词include在句中作谓语，汉语考试的内容应该是事实性描述，应使用一般现在时，主语test为单数形式，所以应填单三形式。故填includes。
58. 考查非谓语动词。句意：今年的汉语考试包括说、听、写三个部分，包括多项选择题、完形填空和一篇作文。该空所给动词在句中做定语，表示这一部分考试是写在纸上的卷面考试。故填written。
59. 考查副词。句意：爱尔兰前高等教育部长 Mary Mitchell O’connor表示，爱尔兰政府充分意识到为其学生创造学习汉语机会和深化中爱贸易关系的重要性，特别是在经济全球化的背景下。该空需要一个副词修饰形容词aware，表示“充分意识到”，full为形容词，其副词拼写为fully。故填fully。
60. 考查介词。句意：爱尔兰前高等教育部长 Mary Mitchell O’connor表示，爱尔兰政府充分意识到为其学生创造学习汉语机会和深化中爱贸易关系的重要性，特别是在经济全球化的背景下。此处表示为学生创造学汉语的机会，create sth. for sb.。故填for。
61. 考查连词。句意：爱尔兰前高等教育部长 Mary Mitchell O’connor表示，爱尔兰政府充分意识到为其学生创造学习汉语机会和深化中爱贸易关系的重要性，特别是在经济全球化的背景下。空后面的deepening短语与creating并列作介词of的宾语。故填and。
62. 考查形容词。句意：O'Connor在2017年表示，“越来越多的爱尔兰人对学习汉语产生了兴趣，来中国学习的爱尔兰学生数量也在不断增加，”他又补充说，两国人员交流和教育合作发展良好。该空需要一个形容词作become的表语，短语become interested in意为“对……产生兴趣”符合语境。故填interested。
63. 考查非谓语动词。句意：O'Connor在2017年表示，“越来越多的爱尔兰人对学习汉语产生了兴趣，来中国学习的爱尔兰学生数量也在不断增加，”他又补充说，两国人员交流和教育合作发展良好。本句中the number是主语，is expanding 是谓语，所给动词come在句中作后置定语，修饰名词students，主动关系，应使用现在分词形式。故填coming。
64. 考查宾语从句。句意：O'Connor在2017年表示，“越来越多的爱尔兰人对学习汉语产生了兴趣，来中国学习的爱尔兰学生数量也在不断增加，”他又补充说，两国人员交流和教育合作发展良好。该空后句子成分完整，应填that引导宾语从句，作adding的宾语。故填that。
65. 考查名词。句意：O'Connor在2017年表示，“越来越多的爱尔兰人对学习汉语产生了兴趣，来中国学习的爱尔兰学生数量也在不断增加，”他又补充说，两国人员交流和教育合作发展良好。分析句子，该空需要一个名词作主语，所给词为动词，其名词拼写为cooperation。故填cooperation。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假设你是星光中学的李华，将参加主题为“Let’s Ride Bicycles”的英语演讲比赛。请撰写一份演讲稿。主要内容包括：
1. 目前汽车带来的空气污染和交通堵塞问题；
2. 骑自行车的益处，既能环保，有利健康等。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
参考词汇：低碳生活 (low-carbon life)；节能 (energy saving)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Good morning, everyone,
I am Li Hua from Xingguang Middle School. The topic of my speech is “Let’s Ride Bicycles”.
As is known to us all, there is an increasing number of cars on roads. We can now drive to work, to go shopping, to visit friends and even to travel across the country. Though they bring about great convenience, cars also go hand in hand with air pollution as well as traffic jams.
How to solve these problems is a great challenge to everyone. My suggestion is that we should ride bicycles. There is no doubt that riding bicycles can surely do us good. Firstly, riding bicycles means using cars less, which is a good way to decrease traffic jams. Secondly, riding bikes is environmentally friendly, that is, it doesn’t cause air pollution and is beneficial to our health. What’s more, bicycles are so handy and convenient that you can go wherever you like and do not need to look for a large parking lot.
Since there are so many advantages, why not join us and ride bicycles?
Thank you!
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Mamma,” said Susie Dean, one summer’s morning, “may I go to the woods, and pick berries?” “Yes,” replied Mrs. Dean, “but you must take Rover with you.” Susie brought her little basket, and her mother put up a nice lunch for her. She tied down the cover, and fastened a cup to it.
The little girl called Rover — a great New found dog — and gave him a pail to carry. “If I bring it home full, mamma,” she said, “won’t you make some berry cakes for tea?” Away she tripped, singing as she went down the country road.
When she got to the woods, she put her dinner basket down beside a tree, and began to pick berries. Rover ran about, chasing a squirrel or a rabbit now and then, but never wandering far from Susie. The pail was not a very small one. By the time it was two thirds full, Susie began to feel hungry, and thought she would eat her lunch. Rover came and took his place at her side as soon as she began to eat. Did she give him some of the lunch? No, she was in a selfish mood, and did no such thing. “ There, Rover, run away! ” she said; but Rover stayed near her, watching her with his clear brown eyes. The meat he wanted so much was soon eaten up; and all he got of the nice dinner was a small piece of bread that Susie threw away. After dinner, Susie played a while by the river. She threw sticks into the water, and Rover swam in and brought them back. Then she began to pick berries again.
She did not enjoy the afternoon as she did the morning. The sunshine was as bright, the berries were as sweet and plentiful, and she was neither tired nor hungry. But good, faithful Rover was hungry, and she had not given him even one piece of meat. She tried to forget how selfish she had been, but she could not do so, and quite early she started for home.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When she was nearly out of the woods, a soft sound in the underbrush attracted her attention.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
She looked at Rover with tears in her eyes and wanted to say so much.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
When she was nearly out of the woods, a soft sound in the underbrush attracted her attention. “I wonder if that is a bird or a squirrel,” she said to herself. She tried to make her way quietly through the underbrush, but she was scared to death when she saw a large snake coil up before her. She was so frightened that she could not move, but brave Rover saw the snake, sprang forward, seized it by the neck and killed it. When the faithful dog came and rubbed his head against her hand, Susie put her arms around his neck, and burst into tears.
She looked at Rover with tears in her eyes and wanted to say so much. “Oh, Rover,” she cried, “you dear, good dog! How sorry I am that I was so selfish!” Rover understood the tone of her voice, if he did not understand her words, and capered about in great glee, barking all the time. You may be sure that he had a plentiful supper that evening. Susie never forgot the lesson of that day. She soon learned to be on her guard against a selfish spirit, and became a happier and more lovable little girl.