【期末专题复习】（牛津版）2022-2023学年七年级英语下学期：专题12 重要语法 情态动词（知识梳理+专题练习） （原卷+解析）

专题12 重要语法 情态动词（知识梳理+专题过关）

2022-2023学年七年级英语下学期期末考点大串讲（牛津深圳版）(原卷版)

【知识梳理】

情态动词

情态动词具有一定的词义，但不能独立存在，须与动词原形一起构成谓语，表示说话人对某一动作或状态的看法或主观设想，如意愿、需要、可能或怀疑等。情态动词有时态的变化，但没有人称和数的变化（have to除外）。

【情态动词can的用法】

1)can的基本用法和句型

can可表示能力，意为“能；会”，相当于be able to；也可表示许可或请求对方允许，意为“可以”。须注意：could是can的过去式，但表示请求许可时，could和can不表示时态的区别，只是could的语气更加委婉，用could提出的请求要用can来回答。

   e.g. —— Could I come to see you tomorrow?

　　  —— Yes, you can.

can的否定式为cannot/can’t，意为“不能；不会”或“不可以”。

can构成的一般疑问句及其回答形式如下：

--- Can you ...?

--- Yes, I can. （肯定回答）

--- No, I cannot/can’t. （否定回答）

如：She can speak Russian, but she cannot speak German. 她会说俄语，但不会说德语。

Can you tell me the truth? 你可以告诉我真相吗？

Could I borrow your pen for a moment please? 我可以借你的钢笔一会儿吗？

2）表推测：can/could ------表示推测时一般用于否定句或疑问句。

 —Can it be our teacher?

—No, it can’t be our teacher. He is on a visit to the Great Wall.

【情态动词may的用法】

1）may 的基本用法和句型

may表示许可或请求对方允许，意为“可以”，相当于can。两者的区别在于：表示请求许可时，may更能表示礼貌或敬意。

may的否定式为may not，意为“不可以”。

may构成的一般疑问句及其回答形式如下：

--- May I ...?

--- Yes, you may/can. （肯定回答）

--- No, you may not / can’t / mustn’t. （否定回答）

（注：mustn’t的语气最强，表示禁止）

如：You may/can come in now. 你现在可以进来了。

--- May I leave now? --- No, you may not.

——我现在可以走了吗？——不，你不可以。

2)用于祈使句，表示祝愿。“May+主语+动词原形”

3)表示推测、可能性（常用于肯定句）。

may/might表示可能性不大的猜测。might不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may低一些。

e.g. He may /might be very busy now.

【情态动词must的用法】

1）must的基本用法和句型

must表示规定、命令、强制，意为“必须；一定”。

must的否定式为must not / mustn’t，意为“禁止；不准”。

must构成的一般疑问句及其回答形式如下：

--- Must I ...?

--- Yes, you must. （肯定回答）

--- No, you needn’t / don’t have to. （否定回答）

如：You must water those plants regularly. 你必须定期给那些植物浇水。

Guests mustn’t make noise after 11 p.m. 房客在晚上十一点以后不准发出噪音。

--- Must she arrive here before 6 o’clock? --- No, she needn’t / doesn’t have to.

——她必须在六点前到达这儿吗？——不，她不必。

2）【辨析】must 和have to

3）must 表推测：

表示可能性。must表示推断或指具有很大的可能性，只用用于肯定句中。表示否定的推测，不能用mustn’t，而用can’t表示不可能。

 e.g.  You’re Tom’s good friend, so you must know what   he likes best.

　　  Your mother must be waiting for you now.

 It can’t be Tom. He is in hospital.

【情态动词need的用法】

1.need作情态动词时，结构为need do sth，主要用于否定句和疑问句。

e.g. You needn’t sweep the floor now.

Need we come tomorrow?

---Yes, you must. /No, you needn’t.

2. need作实义动词时，有时态、人称和数的变化。结构为 need to do sth/need sth。

 e.g. Do you need to go to work by bus every day？ ---No, I don’t need to .....

   The dog needs a bath.

   I need to buy tickets for my children.

【情态动词should的用法】

1.should表示义务，职责时，意为“应当，应该”，往往表示说话者的观点。

e.g. We should stop cutting down too many trees.

       You should help your mother with the housework.

2.should表示建议或劝告。

e.g. You should give up smoking.

    You should go and ask your teacher.

【专题过关】

一、单项选择

1．I will get everything ready for Bill’s birthday party. You ________ buy anything.

A．can’t B．mustn’t C．couldn’t D．needn’t

2．When you have classes, you ________ listen to the teacher carefully.

A．may B．can C．should D．will

3．—________ we hand in the homework today?

—No, you needn’t. You ________ hand it in tomorrow.

A．Can; can B．Must; must C．Must; can D．May; must

4．Look, little Jim is swimming so fast. I ________ believe my eyes.

A．shouldn’t B．can’t C．mustn’t D．needn’t

5．You ________ stop when the traffic lights turn red.

A．can’t B．may C．must D．needn’t

6．She’d like to join the music club because she ________ play the piano well.

A．can B．should C．must D．may

7．—Look! The woman at the school gate ________ be our headmaster.

—No, it ________ be her. She is holding a meeting in the office now.

A．must; can’t B．must; mustn’t C．can; needn’t D．may; mustn’t

8．Children shouldn’t ________ out of school.

A．stop B．stopped C．drop D．dropped

9．—Where’s Jane?

—I’m not sure. She ________ in the library.

A．may be B．must be C．can’t be D．maybe

10．—________ I hand in my homework this afternoon?

—No, you don’t have to. You can(可以) hand it in tomorrow.

A．Can B．Must C．Mustn’t D．Can’t

11．—________ I take pictures here?

—No, you can’t. Look at the sign, “No photos!”

A．Would B．May C．Must D．Should

12．—________ I watch TV after supper, Mum?

—Sure. But you must finish your homework first.

A．Shall B．Do C．Will D．May

13．It’s already half past seven. You ______ get up quickly.

A．could B．should C．won’t D．shouldn’t

14．They   play football last Friday because Simon forgot to bring his football here.

A．could B．couldn’t C．would D．can

15．You ________ finish your homework before you watch TV. This is the rule.

A．can B．must C．may D．could

16．—Must I ________ my camera, Mary?  

—No, you ________. Don’t worry. I’ll take one myself.

A．brings, can’t B．take, mustn’t C．take, needn’t

17．—May I have supper now?    

—________.

A．Yes, you do B．No, you may not C．No, you can D．Yes, you are

18．—Must I do my homework now?

—__________ You can do it tomorrow.

A．No, you needn’t. B．No, you mustn’t. C．Yes, you must. D．No, you doesn’t have to.

19．I ________ get up early this morning. There is not much work today.

A．can’t B．have to C．can D．don’t have to

20．If you can sing, you can _________ in our school Music Festival.

A．am B．is C．be

21．Don’t you see that warning sign over there? You ________ ride a bicycle in our school.

A．needn’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．couldn’t

22．Tom can ________ very well, so he wants to join the ________ club.

A．swims, swimming B．swim, swimming C．swims, swim

23．These days in Xiaogan, you ________ wear a mask (口罩) when you get on the bus.

A．must B．can’t C．has to D．aren’t

24．Nancy can’t come here, because she ________ do her homework.

A．has to B．can

C．doesn’t have to D．can’t

25．—Could you come with us this afternoon?

—Sorry, I ________. I ________ take care of my little sister because my mother is out.

A．can’t; may B．couldn’t; have to C．can’t; have to D．couldn’t; may

26．You ________ buy anything else. We have got everything ready for your dinner.

A．don’t need to B．needn’t to C．don’t need D．need

27．May I ________ you a question?

A．ask B．asking C．asks D．to ask

28．It’s time ________ your class. You must ________ the classroom.

A．to; go to B．for; go to C．to; to go D．for; to go

29．—May I have ________ look?

—Sorry, I’m afraid you ________.

A．a; can B．/; can’t C．a; can’t

30．—Can your grandpa ________ lanterns for the festival?

—Yes. He ________ them this weekend.

A．makes; is making B．make; makes

C．makes; is going to make D．make; is going to make

31．We can’t arrive late for class. We ________ be on time.

A．can B．must C．don’t

32．Bayles is only ten years old, but he ________ take good care of his little sister.

A．could B．can C．may D．must

33．— Is the woman singing in the next room Ms. Miller?

— No, it _________ be her because she went to Shanghai yesterday.

A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．may not D．can’t

34．I ________ buy the recorder because I had no money with me then.

A．can B．cannot C．could D．couldn’t

35．—________ you please tell me something about American culture?

—Sorry, I ________. I don’t know either. I’m from Australia.

A．Could; couldn’t B．Can; couldn’t C．Could; can’t D．Can; mustn’t

二、将所给单词连成句子

36．can, from, make, people, silk, clothes

_____________________________________________.

37．can’t, your, car, so, drive, you, fast, on the street

_______________________________________.

38．here, may, have, special, I, some, dishes

________________________________________________________?

39．delicious, can’t wait to, we, dish, the, taste

_____________________________________________.

40．in Beijing, places of interest, visit, we, many, can

_____________________________________________.

三、改写句子或按要求回答句子

41．You can invite your friends to the party. (改为could的一般疑问句)

________ I ________ my friends to the party?

42．Mary can play ping-pong and soccer. (做否定回答)

Mary ________ play ping-pong ________ soccer.

43．Mary can play the violin. (改为一般疑问句)

________ Mary ________ the violin?

44．She has to wear a uniform at school on weekdays. (改为一般疑问句)

________ she ________ to wear a uniform at school on weekdays?

45．People can grow vegetables on their balconies now.（改为否定句）

People ______ _______ vegetables on their balconies now.

46．Excuse me. Could I sit here for a while? （作肯定回答）

Yes, _________ ________.

47．—Must I practice the guitar, now?（作否定回答）

—No, ________ ________.

48．Must I wear the school uniform every day? (补全答句)

No, you don’t ________ ________.

49．I would like to go traveling  this weekend. (对画线部分提问)

________ ________ you like to ________ this weekend?

50．Perhaps Maria is in her room now. (改为同义句)

Maria _________ ___________ in her room now.