unit4 don't eat in class——【期末复习】七年级英语下册章节知识点梳理（人教版）

这是一份unit4 don't eat in class——【期末复习】七年级英语下册章节知识点梳理（人教版），共15页。试卷主要包含了词汇知识清单，语法知识清单，语篇知识清单等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、词汇知识清单
I、课标词汇[注意英译汉]
rule [ruːl] n.规则；规章
arrive [ə'raɪv] v.到达
(be) n time准时
hallway ['hɔːlweɪ] n.走廊；过道
hall [hɔːl] n.大厅；礼堂
dining [ˈdaɪnɪŋ] hall餐厅
listen ['lɪs(ə)n] v.听；倾听
listen t… 听……
fight [faɪt] v.&n.打架；战斗
srry ['sɒrɪ] adj.抱歉的；难过的；惋惜的
utside [aʊt'saɪd] adv.在外面adj.外面的
wear [weə] v.穿；戴
imprtant [ɪm'pɔːt(ə)nt] adj.重要的
bring [brɪŋ] v.带来；取来
unifrm ['juːnɪfɔːm] n.校服；制服
quiet ['kwaɪət] adj.安静的
ut [aʊt] adv.外出
g ut外出（娱乐）
practice [ˈpræktɪs] v.&n.练习
dish [dɪʃ] n.碟；盘
d the dishes清洗餐具
befre [bɪ'fɔː] prep.&cnj在…以前adv.以前
make (ne’s) bed铺床
dirty ['dɜːtɪ] adj.脏的
kitchen ['kɪtʃɪn] n.厨房
mre [mɔː] adj.&prn.更多（的）
nisy ['nɒɪzɪ] adj.吵闹的
relax [rɪ'læks] v.放松；休息
read [riːd] v.读；阅读
terrible ['terɪb(ə)l] adj.非常讨厌的；可怕的
feel [fiːl] v.感受；觉的
strict [strɪkt] adj.严格的；严厉的
be strict (with sb.) （对某人）要求严格
remember [rɪ'membə] v.记住；记起
fllw ['fɒləʊ] v.遵循；跟随
fllw the rules遵守规则
luck [lʌk] n.幸运；运气
keep [kiːp] v.保持；保留
hair [heə] n.头发；毛发
learn [lɜːn] v.学习；学会
II、语法词汇知其变[注意词性变化]
arrive [ə'raɪv] v.到达---ing形式arriving---n.arrival到达，到来
listen ['lɪs(ə)n] v.听；倾听---ing形式listening---n.listener听众
fight [faɪt] v.&n.打架；战斗---ing形式fighting---n.fighter战士；好战者
wear [weə] v.穿；戴---ing形式wearing
imprtant [ɪm'pɔːt(ə)nt] adj.重要的---adj.unimprtant不重要的
mre [mɔː] adj.&prn.更多（的）---原级many;much许多---最高级mst最多
nisy ['nɒɪzɪ] adj.吵闹的---n.nise噪音
relax [rɪ'læks] v.放松；休息---adj.relaxing令人轻松的，愉快的;relaxed放松的，轻松的
read [riːd] v.读；阅读---ing形式reading---n.reader读者
terrible ['terɪb(ə)l] adj.非常讨厌的；可怕的---v.terrify使害怕，使恐惧---adv.terribly很，非常；严重地
feel [fiːl] v.感受；觉的---n.feeling感觉；看法
remember [rɪ'membə] v.记住；记起--- ing形式remembering
fllw ['fɒləʊ] v.遵循；跟随---ing形式fllwing---n.fllwer追随者---adj.fllwing之后的，以下的
luck [lʌk] n.幸运；运气---adj.lucky幸运的---adj.unlucky不幸运的---adv.luckily幸运地
learn [lɜːn] v.学习；学会---ing形式learning---n.learner学习者；初学者
III、重点短语知搭配[注意固定短语的英汉互译]
in the hallways 在走廊里
be n time 准时
in/ after class 在课上/下
the number f ……的数量
a number f……许多
fllw the rules 遵守规则
break the rules 打破规则
arrive late fr class 上课迟到
listen t the music 听音乐
fight with 与某人打架
be late fr 迟到
bring t 带来
have t be quiet 不得不安静
a schl unifrm 一件校服
talk abut 谈论某事
see friends 看朋友
practice the guitar 练习吉他
d the dishes 清洗餐具
make the bed 铺床
leave sth. at/n/in sp. 把某物落在某地
remember ding 忘记做过
remember t d 记得做某事
t nisy/quiet 太闹/安静
feel well 感觉好
tell sb. t d sth. 告诉某人去做某事
be strict with sb. in sth. 对某人某事严格
keep my hair shrt 我留短发
play with friends 和朋友玩
learn t d 学习去做某事
learn frm向…学习
have fun ding 做某事有意思
gd luck 好运
IV、核心单词知用法[注意固定短语、句型和词块]
Sectin A
1. Dn’t arrive late fr class. Yu must be n time. 上课不要迟到。你必须准时。(P. 19)
动词短语arrive late fr意为“迟到”，侧重到达的时间晚；同义短语be late fr侧重于状态。
例如：arrive late fr class/schl. = be late fr class/schl. 上课/上学迟到
If yu arrive late fr the meeting, the bss will be very angry.
The teacher tells Tm: “Dn’t arrive late fr class again.”
2. Dn’t listen t music in class. 上课不要听音乐。(P. 19)
介词短语n time意为“准时”，按规定时间或指定时间做某事，不早不晚。
【拓展】in time意为“及时”，不迟到或在规定时间之前或接近所规定时间做某事，没有迟到，时间还充裕。
例如：He always g t schl n time.
Dn't wrry, she'll be n time.
Fireman reached the huse n fire in time.
I hpe we get there in time.
3. Dn’t fight. 不要打架 (P. 19)
fight作动词或名词，意为“打架、打仗”，其过去式为不规则fught。动词fight后跟不同的介词，所表达意思不一样。
(1)fight fr意为“为…而斗争”，后面常接抽象名词，表示为事业、自由等而斗争 目的。
(2) fight against意为“为反对…而战斗”，后接事物名词、人和国家名词。
(3)fight with 意为“和…打架，同…（并肩）战斗，对抗”，后只接表示人或国家的名词。
(4) fight abut 意为“为...争吵”，强调吵架的原因
例如：They are fighting fr freedm.
The heres fught fr ur cuntry.
They fught against the vilence.
The army decide t fight against the frce.
Dn’t fight with him.
Kreans fight with Chinese against the invaders.
There is n meaning t fight abut this.
The scientists fight with the envirnmentalists abut the envirnment.
4. Can we bring music players t schl? 我们可以把音乐播放器带到学校吗？(P. 20)
bring作动词，意为“带来”，强调把东西从别处带到说话地。
【拓展】take意为“带走，拿走”，强调把东西从说话地带到别的地方。
例如：Can we bring the cake t the welcme party?
Can yu help me t take the bks t the classrm?
Let’s bring these bks t the schl.
Yu can take these tys t Jerry’s.
5. And we always have t wear the schl unifrm. 而且我们总是要穿校服。(P. 20)
have t侧重于客观上的必要，必须，意为“不得不做某事”，后跟动词原形，其有人称和数的变化，主语为第三人称单数时用“has t”。
句型结构：肯定句—sb +have/has t+动词原形。
否定句—sb +dn’t/desn’t have t+动词原形。
一般疑问句—Des/D +sb. +have t+动词原形？
肯定回答—Yes, …d/des.
否定回答—N, …dn’t/desn’t.
特殊疑问句—特殊疑问词+d/des +sb. +have t +动词原形？
例如：He has t wrk n Sunday.
He desn’t have t wrk n Sunday.
Des he have t wrk n Sunday?
Yes, he des. /N, he desn’t.
What day des he have t wrk?
We have t leave Beijing nw.
We dn’t have t leave Beijing nw.
D yu have t leave Beijing nw?
Yes, we d. /N, we dn’t.
Where d yu leave nw?
Sectin B
1. Dave has t practice the guitar. 大卫不得不练习吉他。(P. 22)
practice作动词或名词，意为“练习”。作动词时，常用搭配“practice (ding) sth.练习（做）某事”；从名词时，常做不可数名词。
例如：We can see Dave practice (playing) the pian.
Yu must practice this mvement mre.
Let’s d sme practice.
Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧
2. Dave has t help his mm make breakfast. 大卫不得不帮助他妈妈做早餐。(P. 22)
help作动词，意为“帮助”，亦可作不可数名词。作动词时常用搭配：“help sb (t) d sth.帮助某人做某事；help sb with sth.帮助某人做某事；help neself(myself/yurself/herself…) t+n.请随便用…”。
例如：Can yu help me (t) practice English?
I need yu t help me (t) d the dishes.
I ften help him with his lessns.
My friends want me t help him with spken English.
Please help yurselves t sme fruit.
The husewife asked us t help urselves t sme fd.
3. befre dinner晚餐之前(P. 22)
befre可作介词，意为“在……之前”后跟名词，代词，动名词做宾语，构成结构“befre+n./prn./v.ing”;也可做连词，意为“在……以（之）前”后跟句子构成时间状语从句。
例如：Befre dinner, I want t watch TV with my friends.
Befre that, he ges back t schl.
Befre reading this bk, Rick has t d his hmewrk.
Befre having dinner, we need t wash ur hands.
I have t finish this jb befre my bss cmes back.
4. There are t many rules! 这里有太多规则了。(P. 23)
形容词短语t many意为“太多”，后跟可数名词复数。
【拓展】辨析t many, t much和much t的用法
例如：There are t many peple in the park.
Jim, yu made t many mistakes.
I have t much hmewrk tday.
These vlunteers prvide t much milk fr the pr.
My mther is much t busy.
It’s much t imprtant fr us t learn math.
注意：没有many t的表达。
5. At schl, we have mre rules—dn’t be nisy, dn’t eat in class… 在学校，我们有更多的规则——不要吵闹，不要在课上吃东西……(P. 23)
mre作形容词many和much的比较级，意为“更多的”，可以修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词。其最高级为mst，意为“最多的，最大的”。
例如：Can yu give him ne mre bk?
These men need mre water and fd.
There are mre cars in the street.
6. After dinner, I can’t relax either. 晚餐后，我也不能放松。(P. 23)
either在本句子中作副词，意为“也（不）”。在unit2中，学习过either作为连词构成短语“either…r…”的用法。
【拓展】辨析either, t和als的用法。
例如：I wn’t g there, either.
The girl can’t play the guitar, either.
I like dancing, t.
I want t travel the beautiful city, t.
I als like English.
The scientist als hpes ur students can pay mre attentin t the envirnment.
7. Parents and schls are smetimes strict, but remember, they make rules t help us. 父母和学校有时很严格，但请记住，他们制定规则是为了帮助我们。(P. 23)
(1) strict作形容词，意为“严格的；严厉的”，常与be动词连用，构成结构“be strict with sb 对某人严厉”和“be strict in (ding) sth. 对某事要求严格”。
例如：Mr. White is very strict with us.
When I d smething wrng, my father is always strict with me.
Our bss is strict in ur wrk.
As a student, we shuld be strict in ur study.
(2) remember作及物动词，意为“记得，记住”，可以直接+名词/动名词/不定式。构成结构“remember ding sth.记得已做某事（已做）”和“remember t d sth.记得要做某事（还没做）”。
例如：I remember seeing him nce.
The ld man remembered lcking the dr, but actually, he didn’t.
Remember t pst the letter fr me.
He still remembers t write t his wife.
【拓展】frget意为“忘记，忘了”，作remember反义词，用法和remember相同“frget ding sth.忘记做过某事（已做）”和“frget t d sth.忘记要做某事（还没做）”。
例如：My mther always frgets telling the same things.
I frget turning ff the lights when I leave my hme.
Dn’t frget t hand in yur hmewrk.
I am srry that I frget t tell the meeting.
8. S students have t fllw the rules. 所以学生们不得不遵守规则。(P. 23)
fllw作及物动词，后可直接跟宾语，意为“遵守，遵循；跟随”，可用结构“fllw sb t d sth.跟着某人做某事”。
例如：The plice tell us t fllw the rules.
I think we shuld fllw ur parents’ advice.
When I was a child, I like t fllw my brther t g t schl.
Just fllw the directins t g t the party.
9. I have t keep my hair shrt. 我得留短发。(P. 24)
keep可作连系动词，可用结构“keep+（sth./sb.）+形容词：使保持某种状态”；也可作实义动词，常用结构“keep ding sth.一直做某事”;“keep ... frm ding ... 阻止做某事……”；还可表示“保管，保存=brrw；遵守=fllw；饲养”。
例如：Everyne wants t keep healthy.
The flwers keep fresh because the little girl waters them every day.
I really want t keep mm happy.
N ne can keep himself yung frever.
It keeps raining sme days, s we have t stay at hme.
Can yu believe that the man keeps wrking fr a week.
We must keep them frm cutting dwn trees.
These rules keep us frm bring phnes t schl.
Culd yu please help me keep my dg fr tw days?
Please keep these schl rules!
I’d like t keep yur bks .
10. I can’t relax n weekends either because I must learn t play the pian. 周末我也不能放松，因为我必须学习弹钢琴。(P. 24)
learn作动词，意为“学习，学会，（从……）汲取教训”，可用结构“learn t d sth.学（做某事）”；“learn frm…向……学习”和“learn by neself=teach neself 自学”。
例如：We need t learn t take care f urselves.
I learn a lt frm these histry bks.
The little girl learns t play the pian by herself. = The little girl teaches herself t play the pian.
【拓展】谚语：It’s never t ld t learn. 活到老学到老。
二、语法知识清单
祈使句
1. 定义
用来表示请求、命令、建议、号召、警告等的句子。说话的对象大多为第二人称yu，且常被省略。句末用感叹号或句号，读时用降调。为了表示客气，常用please一词。放在句首时，其后不加逗号；放在句末时，其前通常加逗号。
2. 构成：祈使句分为肯定祈使句和否定祈使句。
(1) 肯定祈使句的构成：
① D型，即以行为动词原形开头。
② Be型，即以动词be开头。
③ Let型，即以let开头。
例如：Mve quickly!
Stp talking!
Watch ut!
Be quiet please!
Be quick/fast!
Let’s play basketball.
Let’s g ut fr fun.
(2) 否定祈使句的构成：
① D型和Be型的否定式，在动词前加dn’t或never，即“Dn’t d/be sth.”或者“Never d/be sth.”。
② Let型的有两种否定形式：在let前加dn’t，即“Dn’t let sb. d sth.”或在let sb.后加nt，即“Let sb. nt d sth.”。
③其他类型：“N +v.-ing形式/名词”，用于警示人们不要做某事。
例如：Dn’t cme in.
Dn’t be sad. Yu are s nice.
Jerry, never give up yurself.
Never be angry.
Dn’t let them cry. = Let them nt cry.
Let me nt g there. = Dn’t let me g there.
N talking/parking/smking!
3. 答语
祈使句的动作通常是将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用will或wn’t。
【注意】在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时，要注意形式一致和意义相反。即：yes与will；n与wn’t要一致；yes意为“不”；n意为“是”。
例如：—Dn’t g ut. It’s raining hard. 不要出去了。天正下着大雨。
—Yes, I will. Lily is waiting fr me. 不，我要去。莉莉在等我呢
—N, I wn’t. I will stay at hme. 好的，我不会去的。我待在家就好。
4. 其他用法: 祈使句和陈述句的连用
(1)祈使句+ and/ then + 陈述句，二者之间表示一种顺承关系。
例如：Study hard, and yu can get gd grades.
Be careful, and yu will find it easy.
Act it nw, and ur wrld will be better.
Plant mre tree, and the earth will be mre beautiful.
(2)祈使句+ r +陈述句，二者之间表示一种否定条件。
例如：Mve quickly, r yu will miss the bus.
Study hard, r yu will fail the exam again.
Remember these sentences, r yu wn’t pass the test.
Be plite t thers, r they will be sad because f yur wrds.
三、语篇知识清单
本单元我们主要学习了如何使用祈使句来表示请求、命令、劝告、警告、禁止。事实上，祈使句在我们的实际生活中使用得非常普遍，在写作中出现的频率也很高。因此，通过本单元的学习，同学们要学会使用祈使句来描述规章制度。同时掌握情态动词can，must及have t的基本用法。
写作步骤
◆ 步骤一：在第一部分引出谈论校规的话题。
◆ 步骤二：在第二部分可使用祈使句，情态动词can，must及have t来介绍具体的几条校规。
◆ 步骤三：结尾写出自己对于校规的看法。
【审清题目】
内容：介绍学校的校规，根据题目要求完整描写，可使用顺序副词连接几条规则。
文体：记叙文，书信
人称：第一人称I或we；第二人称yu；第三人称he/she/they。
【头脑风暴】
【提供素材】
◆语块
◆句型
There are t many rules in ur schl.
First… Secnd… Third… And last…
We can/can’t/must/have t…
When…, we shuld…
I think these schl rules are…
We must fllw them because…
What abut yurs?
【谋篇布局】
【点评范文】
1.内容：本文通过书信方式分段介绍了学校的七条校规。
2.语言：本文以三段式逻辑清晰的介绍了学校的七条校规，以及“我”的看法。灵活准确地运用了祈使句和情态动词。文章中的佳句有L型祈使句“Nw let me tell yu abut them. /Please write and tell me”，时间状语从句“When we meet ur teachers n ur way, we shuld say hell t them.”和宾语从句“I think we have t many rules.”。
例文：
假如你是Lisa，请你给你美国笔友Jill发一封电子邮件，告诉她你们班的班规，并谈谈你对这些规则的看法。
提示：1.不能迟到；2.必须按时完成作业；3.不能和同学打架4.每天必须打扫一次教室。
要求：50词左右，可适当发挥。电子邮件的格式和开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jill, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Lisa
【思路导航】
文体：邮件；人称：第一人称。
【佳作展示】
Dear Jill,
I'm nw in Class 4 Grade 7. T make ur class better in ur schl, we have sme class rules. Let me tell yu sme f my class rules.
First, we can't arrive late fr schl. S we have t g t bed early and get up early. Secnd, we have t finish ur hmewrk n time. Third, we can't fight with ur classmates. And last, we must clean ur classrm every day and keep it clean.
I dn't think these rules are strict. If yu dn’t fllw the rules, yu can’t d anything right. We must fllw them because they’ re gd fr us.
Yurs,
Lisa
【名师点评】
【高分句型一】
T make ur class better in ur schl, we have sme class rules. 为了让我们班在全校更优秀，我们有一些班规。句型：T make ur class better in ur schl不定式放句首作目的状语。
【高分句型二】
Let me tell yu sme f my class rules. 让我告诉你我的一些班规吧。句型：祈使句。
【高分句型三】
I dn't think these rules are strict. 我认为这些规则并不严苛。句型：these rules are strict为宾语从句。
【高分句型四】
If yu dn’t fllw the rules, yu can’t d anything right. 没有规矩不成方圆。句型：if引导条件状语从句。
【高分句型五】
We must fllw them because they’ re gd fr us. 我们必须遵守它们，因为它们对我们有好处。句型：because引导原因状语从句。
【亮点短语】
in Class 4 Grade 7在七年级四班；make ur class better让我们班更好；sme f my class rules我们的一些班规；arrive late fr schl上学迟到；g t bed early and get up early早睡早起；finish ur hmewrk n time按时完成家庭作业；fight with sb.和某人打架；clean ur classrm打扫教室；every day每天；keep it clean保持干净；fllw the rules遵守规则；be gd fr sb.对某人有好处。短语
含义
用法
t many
太多
形容词短语，修饰可数名词复数
t much
太多
形容词短语，修饰不可数名词
much t
太，非常
副词短语，修饰副词或形容词
易混词
意义及用法
either
“也”，用于否定句中，置于句末，用“，”隔开
t
“也”，用于肯定句句末，用“，”隔开
als
“也”，用于肯定句句中，置于系动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前
引出话题
There are many rules in my schl. I think they are strict but helpful.
Different schls have different rules. Nw I wuld like t tell yu abut my rules.
介绍校规
I can’t arrive late fr class. I must be n time.
We can’t listen t music in class.
We have t wear unifrms at schl.
Yu have t be quiet in the library.
Yu can’t g ut n schl nights.
Yu must help yur mther d the dishes after dinner.
发表看法
I think we have t many rules. I feel terrible.
I dn't think these rules are strict. We must fllw them because they’ re gd fr us.
名言警句
If yu dn’t fllw the rules, yu can’t d anything right. 没有规矩不成方圆。
A natin has its rule and a family als has ne. 国有国法，家有家规。