广东高考英语阅读理解专项训练

这是一份广东高考英语阅读理解专项训练，共48页。

阅读理解
An 18, 000-year-old human genome has been sequenced as a consequence of genetic research of ancient African skeletons, revealing information as to how the continent’s former people lived, migrated, and reproduced.
In general, DNA cannot survive in Africa’s heat and damp for lengthy periods of time, and researchers have never previously sequenced a sub-Saharan African human genome older than 9,000 years. The authors of this new study, on the other hand, regained genetic material from six people buried between 5, 000 and 18, 000 years ago.
They also looked at the records of 28 previously reported individuals found at burial sites around the continent, and these 34 people were from three unique source populations originating in northeastern, central, and southern Africa after studying their DNA．This means that the continent was originally inhabited by three distinct groups who must have lived in remote areas for long periods of time. The combination of these three branches, on the other hand, suggests that genetic information was exchanged between the three populations before 20, 000 years ago.
According to the authors of the study, this process began around 50, 000 years ago, because archaeological records suggest an increase in the movement of products over great distances around this time. People are thought to have started having offspring with partners from far-away places as trading networks grew across the continent.
However, the genomic data shows that this long-range DNA interchange began to decline some 20, 000 years ago, implying that humans began reproducing with their immediate neighbors at that time. According to the study’s authors, it may be due to the Last Glacial Maximum, when climate change may have limited people’s mobility and pushed them to become more sedentary.
In a statement, study author Jessica Thompson noted, “At first, people found their mates from a wide geographic pool. Further down the line, people valued partners who lived closer to them and were perhaps more culturally similar.” Co-author Elizabeth Sawchuk added, “Perhaps it was because previously established social networks allowed for the movement of information and technologies without requiring people to migrate.”
1．What is the challenge of the DNA study in Africa?
A．Hot and wet climate. B．Limited technology.
C．Too many cultural exchanges. D．Complex human genomes.
2．What caused the genetic information exchange around 50, 000 years ago?
A．Climate change. B．Archaeological records.
C．Trades with distant groups. D．Development in technology.
3．What is the meaning of the underlined word “sedentary” in Paragraph 5?
A．Stable. B．Diverse. C．Active. D．Reproductive.
4．What can we learn from the ancient social network according to the passage?
A．Distant social exchange was booming 50, 000 years ago.
B．Long-ranged DNA interchange started to occur 20, 000 years ago.
C．Communication with people from similar cultures was always favored.
D．Migration declined when social networks for information became mature.

Not every architectural landmark is grand in scale, with splendid decorations, or amazing colors. Suzhou Gardens may just be the opposite.
When a group of monks during the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368) first constructed Lion Grove Garden, they may have just wanted to enjoy a quiet place, hidden away from urban noise, while in the following centuries, this charming garden - most notable for its waterside rockeries resembling the shape of lions—has attracted a constant stream of celebrity guests, who have left a long list of poems, paintings and historical anecdotes (轶事).
In recent years, nine of the best-known classical gardens of Suzhou, including Lion Grove Garden, Humble Administrator’s Garden and Great Wave Pavilion, were registered into the World Heritage List. As UNESCO remarks, “Classical Chinese garden design, which seeks to recreate natural landscapes in miniature (缩略图), is nowhere better illustrated than in the nine gardens, which reflect the profound natural beauty in Chinese culture and inspire people to pursue harmony with the world.”
Nowadays, relevant administrations have been trying to restore the historical landscapes of Suzhou’s classical gardens. Consequently, last year, a new project was launched allowing tourists in small groups to reserve places to enter the garden in the early morning before the regular opening time. Their visit ended with them completing the last step in making a traditional folding fan, adding a poem about the garden on its surface. The experience was also regarded as a way to help people understand the wisdom, elegance and philosophical worldview of the ancient Chinese literati (文人).
The delicate beauty of the gardens still flows via the canals that snake across Suzhou. Hardly felt, their strength in shaping the city’s character seems to last forever.
5．What’s the purpose of building the Lion Grove Garden?
A．To share historical anecdotes.
B．To attract celebrity guests.
C．To enjoy the beautiful scenery.
D．To stay far from the madding crowd.
6．What do Suzhou Gardens show?
A．Splendid decorations.
B．Grand beauty.
C．Human-nature harmony.
D．Amazing colors.
7．What can we know about the project from Paragraph 4?
A．It featured traditional Chinese elements.
B．Small groups without reservation were welcome.
C．Its main aim was to help people approach poems.
D．It was launched when the gardens were open to the public.
8．What can be the best title for the text?
A．Suzhou Gardens, a place of national pride.
B．Suzhou Gardens, a place with natural beauty.
C．Suzhou Gardens, a place that shows the decorations and colors.
D．Suzhou Gardens, a place that reflects the philosophy and culture.

A new interactive (互动的)map shows which parts of the world have been hit hardest by climate change. The map, called ClimateEX, allows users to see how global warming (全球 变暖)influences temperature and rainfall across the Earth.
The map shows, in the UK, areas of eastern Scotland have been most influenced by climate change. In the US, the west coast has seen a rise in temperature and loss of rainfall. The map also shows that over the next 50 years parts of Wales and northeast England will see big changes to their climate.
Developed by a scientist at the University of Cincinnati, the map uses 50 years of public climate data from 50, 000 international weather stations around the Earth. It shows not only how the climate has changed, But also what will possibly happen by the year 2070.
According to the map, over the next 50 years Central America will be subject to terrible heat and rainfall. Papua New Guinea, southeastern China, the west coast of the US, Greenland and the Arctic are also easily influenced, most importantly for sea level change.
ClimateEX can also help users search for places where climate change may lead to extreme phenomena (现象)in the future. The user simply touches the place where storms are frequent at present on the map and then ClimateEX will show all the places where storms are likely to happen in 50 years.
9．A rise in temperature and loss of rainfall have happened in ____.
A．the US B．China C．Papua New Guinea D．the UK
10．The map tells the climate change in the future by _.
A．setting up weather stations B．recording rainfall
C．measuring the sea levels D．using past climate data
11．The underlined phrase be subject to in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ____.
A．cause B．suffer C．avoid D．change
12．According to the last paragraph, the map can _____.
A．reduce the influences of climate change
B．change the climates of different countries
C．show where extreme climates will happen
D．suggest how people deal with climate change
13．What is the best title for the passage?
A．Increasing Rainfall B．An Amazing Map
C．A Map of the World D．Changeable Climate

Can go skiing in China? Yes, of course! At present, there are 770 ski resorts being built in China, and the snowing season can last for 140 days from November to March. Here are the top four ski resorts in China.
Harbin Yabuli Ski Resort
About two and a half hours drive from Harbin downtown, Yabuli Ski Resort is the largest ski resort in China, as well as China’s biggest training center for snow activities. It consists of three mountains and boasts the longest alpine (高山的) ski slope in Asia.
·Opening Dates 2022: 12. Nov 2022-mid-March 2023
·Ticket/pass price: 140 yuan/2 hours, 280 yuan/4 hours, 380 yuan/full day, the price will rise on weekends and holidays.
·Suitable for: beginners, intermediates, experts
Beidahu Ski Resort
Only 33 miles away from the downtown of Jilin City, Beidahu Ski Resort is an important skiing center for both sportsmen and ski lovers. There are 26 ski runs in the resort with a total length of 48km.
·Opening Dates 2022: 12. Nov 2022-mid-Mar 2023
·Ticket/pass price: depending on your skiing hours, usually from CNY 190 (for 4 hours) to CNY 230 (for one day). The price will rise during weekends and holidays.
·Suitable for: intermediates and experts
Wanda Changbaishan International Ski Resort
Among the original forest of Changbaishan Mountains Nature Reserve, Wanda Changbaishan International Ski Resort is a great place to go skiing with beautiful natural scenery. It has great snow quality which is close to that of France and North Italy.
·Opening Dates 2022: 15. Nov 2022-mid-Mar 2023
·Ticket/pass price: CNY 300-CNY780
·Suitable for: intermediates and experts
Songhua Lake Ski Resort
Songhua Lake Ski Resort, located in Fengman Economic Zone, Jilin, is famous as an urban ski resort in China, and is just 19 kilometers away from the city center. Songhua Lake Ski Resort occupies a total of 175 sq. m skiing area, which has a capacity of 8, 000 for skiing.
·Opening Dates 2022: 12. Nov 2022-mid-Mar 2023
·Ticket/pass price: from CNY470
·Suitable for: all ages skiers and families with young kids
14．What do we know about Harbin Yabuli Ski Resort?
A．It is suitable for all ages skiers.
B．It is located in an economic zone.
C．It is surrounded by the original forest.
D．It is the biggest ski resort in our country.
15．What is special about Wanda Changbaishan International Ski Resort?
A．Its opening dates. B．Its great snow quality.
C．Its low ticket price. D．Its satisfactory service.
16．Which ski resort should Mr. and Mrs. Smith go to if they want to take their children with them?
A．Harbin Yabuli Ski Resort.
B．Beidahu Ski Resort.
C．Wanda Changbaishan International Ski Resort.
D．Songhua Lake Ski Resort.

International Bachelor-degree Organization (IBO) And Its Programmes
Beijing World Youth Academy (BWYA)
Beijing World Youth Academy, sponsored by the International Youth Exchange Centre under the Chinese Youth League Central Committee, is a secondary school founded with the permission of the Beijing Municipal Education Commission to enroll both Chinese and overseas students, aged 11 to 19, (BWYA is authorized by the IBO to offer the Degree Programme, a world famous and globally recognized qualification.
IBO Degree Programme (IDP)
A two-year course for motivated students aged 16 to 19 who are looking to gain acceptance to famous universities around the world. Pre-IBO (grade 10) students who pass their final exams can be directly promoted to IDP.
IBO Middle Years Programme (IMYP)
IBO generates this programme for Chinese junior high school students aged:10 to 16. IMYP helps students participate actively and responsibly in a changing and increasingly interrelated world. Text books are well-chosen from middle school text books of the U. K. , the U. S. A．and China according to the curriculum requirements. IMYP prepares students to continue their study in the IBO Degree Programme.
Chinese as a Foreign Language for Foreigners (CFL)
Specially favoured by overseas Chinese little children, this Chinese language course is designed for students who have just started learning Chinese. Although the focus is on the Chinese language, fundamental subjects are also introduced so that the student may enter the Chinese schooling curriculum on completion of the course.
17．Which organization gives the official approval to BWYA?
A．The International Youth Exchange Centre. B．The Chinese Youth League Central Committee.
C．The Beijing Municipal Education Commission. D．The International Bachelor-degree Organization.
18．Which course should a 17-year-old student attend, if he wants to be admitted to Harvard University?
A．BWYA． B．IDP. C．IMYPB． D．CFL.
19．What is the similarity between IMYP and CFL?
A．Finishing these two programmes, students can have a further study.
B．The target students of these two programmes are from middle schools.
C．These two programmes can be registered by overseas Chinese students.
D．In these two programmes, students will take up Chinese language courses.

A city in Denmark is about to become the first in the world to provide most of its citizens with fresh water using only the energy created from household wastewater.
The Marselisborg Wastewater Treatment Plant (MWTP) in Aarhus has undergone improvements that mean it can now produce more than 150 percent of the electricity needed to run the plant. The extra power can be used to pump drinking water around the city. As well as regularly powering the entire water system of 200, 000 people living in the inner city area, any unwanted electricity could be sold into the local power network.
The plant produces energy from the biogas which creates out of household wastewater. Carbon is removed from the wastewater and pumped into digesters (沼气池) kept at 38℃ filled with bacteria. These produce biogas — mostly methane — that is then burned to make heat and electricity.
Upgrading the facilities in Marselisborg required nearly €3 million, but Aarhus Water expects that to be recovered in just five years. Other cities in Denmark, including Copenhagen, have been trying to copy the example of Aarhus.
When talking about copying Denmark’s experience, Molly Walton, energy analyst at International Energy Agency, says, scientists and engineers would firstly have to improve energy efficiency; and it requires an enormous amount of money that could considerably increase the price of the water. Moreover, to work, the wastewater plant needs to be big enough to produce enough biogas, and even the wastewater has to be the right-mix. If it’s watered down by much storm or groundwater, it will be almost impossible to recover energy, Walton says.
With rising global temperatures, more energy will be needed to provide fresh water from other sources such as seawater. The city’s action may not solve the problems, but it is a big step in the right direction.
20．What can we learn about the city Aarhus?
A．Aarhus can sell green energy to Denmark.
B．The plant in Aarhus can produce extra power.
C．The plant in Aarhus makes good use of carbon.
D．Aarhus is the first city to benefit from household wastewater.
21．Why is it difficult to practise the way of MWTP?
A．The global temperature is rising.
B．Energy efficiency needs improving.
C．The plant is too big to produce biogas.
D．MWTP requires demanding conditions.
22．What is Molly Walton’s attitude towards copying Denmark’s example?
A．Doubtful.
B．Negative.
C．Uninterested.
D．Positive.
23．What does the passage mainly tell us?
A．Copying the example of Aarhus cost a lot.
B．MWTP has improved the processing of biogas.
C．A plant in Aarhus turns wastewater into energy.
D．The water service in Aarhus needs more energy.

New words emerge in English all the time. In fact, in recent years more new words and phrases are entering the language than ever before, partly due to the increased willingness of lexicographers (词典编纂者) to include them in the dictionaries.
John Algeo who studies the history of language says, “As our culture changes, the language changes. American culture is going through a time of rapid change.”
Technology is moving fast, which has a big effect on language. The computer world produces hundreds of new words. New terms also come from business, medicine, and other fields.
Many new English words come from other languages. David Jost helps create the American Heritage Dictionary. “We constantly borrow words from other cultures,” he says. “This will go on forever in cultures.”
“People in many parts of the world speak English now. That is another reason why so many new words are entering the language,” says Algeo.
The American Dialect Society has a contest each year. The society selects a “new word of the year”, which gains high level of popularity on media for some days. Last year the winner was “information superhighway”, referring to a whole set of electronic network of information and people getting access to this network by computer.
New words often come in several forms, such as the back-formation (like enthuse from enthusiasm), the clipping (like zoo from zoological garden), and the compounding, etc. Over time, one form tends to win out. Take the compounding for instance. “Domestic partners” has been growing popular lately, even though many terms have been used to describe couples who live together but are not married.
“A new word rarely can be traced to one source,” says Algeo. “Several people fend to create a new word when a need for one exists.”
“Most new words have a limited life ‘span’,” say language experts. Only a few will survive through the next 100 years.
24．What might have least effect on English language?
A．Culture.
B．Technology.
C．Other languages.
D．Language contests.
25．What does the writer want to demonstrate by mentioning “domestic partners”?
A．It is a compounding word.
B．New words often come in several forms.
C．Over time, one form tends to win out.
D．A new word rarely can be traced to one source.
26．What can we learn from the passage?
A．New words occur all of a sudden.
B．New words will become old or extinct.
C．Information technology helps the American Dialect Society.
D．American culture changes rapidly as well as English language.
27．What’s the best title of this passage?
A．New Words Developing Naturally
B．English Language Changing Rapidly
C．English Vocabulary in a State of Development
D．New Words Influencing English Language

Today’s amazing newspaper headline: First family of four to walk to the South Pole wearing Mickey Mouse ears and clown’s shoes.
No, not really. It isn’t true. I invented it. But I wouldn’t be surprised to see it one day soon. In the last decade, I’ve seen headlines saying: “The youngest Briton to climb Qomolangma,” “The first person to cross the Pacific Ocean on a windsurfing board” and “The first people to fly around the world in a hot-air balloon”, Why do they do it? And why should I be interested anyway?
Human beings have already climbed the highest mountains, sailed across the oceans and flown around the world. People have already reached the most remote parts of our planet. There just isn’t anything left to explore nowadays. So, those who feel the need for adventure can only do things that haven’t been done before.
What is so great about climbing Qomolangma these days anyway? People pay thousands of dollars to be taken up the mountain by the local Sherpas, who lead the way and carry the bags. At any one time there are about a thousand people either climbing up or on their way back down. As a result, Qomolangma is covered with rubbish and the Sherpas have to make special trips up the mountain to pick it up. The climbers are often inexperienced and when they get into trouble other people have to risk their lives to bring them down to safety. Helicopter crews have been killed trying to reach people stuck on the mountain.
A British man became the first person to walk alone from Canada to the geographic North Pole. The problem was that he went in the spring, when the ice begins to melt and break up. So he got stuck on an isolated piece of ice and a plane had to be sent in to rescue him. It’s very difficult to land a plane on breaking ice and the people who risked their lives to do it weren’t very happy.
What do you think? Are these explorers heroes or a danger to other people? Examples of courage and determination which should inspire the rest of us? Or a waste of time, energy and money?
28．Which of the following might the author agree with?
A．A newspaper headline should be amazing.
B．Doing what others haven’t done is meaningful.
C．A number of people is eager to travel around the world.
D．Some adventurous activities can cause trouble to others.
29．Why does the author mention a British man in the fifth paragraph?
A．To prove people don’t like to help others.
B．To show the negative effects his behavior had.
C．To tell us the time he traveled to the North Pole.
D．To illustrate the difficulty a plane had landing on ice.
30．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．The author wants to know readers’ thoughts.
B．The author doesn’t know which activity to choose.
C．The author is opposed to these so-called explorations.
D．The author sets examples of courage and determination for us.
31．What might be the best title of the text?
A．To Be the First a Success or a Failure
B．Record Breakers: Heroes of Our Time
C．An Amazing Headline: a New Invention
D．Adventures Around the World

UC Berkeley Youth Recreation Summer Camps
UC Berkeley Youth Recreation will provide a wide variety of one-week outdoor experiences and activities for the youth on summer camps 2023. Here are four best summer camps.
Windsurfing Camp
This camp is designed to teach students the basics of windsurfing, including balance and self-rescues. Through a combination of classroom instruction, demonstration and water time, campers are able to master the basics of the sport. A comfort with wind and water is strongly encouraged. Campers must be ages 10-17 to register. All campers must be able to swim and weigh 100 pounds or more to safely use public windsurfing equipment.
Price: $330. Those who have participated before can receive 10% off.
Sailing Camp
Campers learn and review the essentials of sailing at their experience level on the beautiful San Francisco Bay! 2023 brings exciting updates to the camp and helps sailors master new skills. Previous sailing experience is required. Campers must be ages 12-18 to register. All campers must have basic swimming skills.
Price: $255.
Skateboarding Camp
In this camp, skateboarders will learn mechanics and basic riding skills such as balance, riding switches, and dropping-in. Skaters will be assessed on the first day of the session and the lessons will be adapted to their ability. All participants are educated in skateboard safety. Campers must be ages 8-16 to register. Participants must bring their own skateboard, helmet (头盔) and knee＆elbow pads (护具).
Price: $300. $240 per person for group registration.
Rock Climbing Camp
Learn climbing skills, knot (结) -tying, top-rope climbing and equipment care. Sites include Strawberry Canyon, Remillard, Indian Rock and Cragmont Parks. Campers must be ages 9-15 to register. All campers can enjoy the bus service to and from the campsites.
Price: $275.
32．What is a must for the participants of Windsurfing Camp?
A．First aid knowledge.
B．Appropriate weight.
C．Previous learning experience.
D．Personal protective equipment.
33．What is special about Skateboarding Camp?
A．It is intended for primary pupils.
B．It’ll issue certificates of excellence.
C．It bases its lessons on campers’ levels.
D．It gives a 10% discount for group registration.
34．Which camp offers public transportation for camp-goers?
A．Windsurfing Camp.
B．Sailing Camp.
C．Skateboarding Camp.
D．Rock Climbing Camp.

With almost all big employers in the United States now using artificial intelligence (AI) and automation in their hiring processes, the public is considering some urgent questions: How can you prevent discrimination in hiring when a machine is keeping the discrimination? What kind of methods might help?
Some 83% of employers, including 99% of Fortune 500 companies, now use some form of automated tools as part of their hiring process, said the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission’s (EEOC) chair Charlotte Burrows at a hearing on Tuesday. She said everyone needs to speak up on the debate over these technologies. “The risks are simply too high to leave this topic just to the experts. ”
Last year, the EEOC issued some guidance around the use of cutting-edge hiring tools, noting many of their shortcomings. The agency found that resume (简历) scanners that prioritize keywords and programs that evaluate a candidate’s facial expressions and speech patterns in video interviews can create discrimination. Take, for example, ‘a video interview that analyzes an applicant’s speech patterns to determine their ability to solve problems. A person with a speech problem might score low and automatically be screened out. The problem will be for the EEOC to root out discrimination-or stop it from taking place.
The EEOC is considering the most appropriate ways to handle the problem. It’s agreed that inspections are necessary to ensure that the software used by companies avoids intentional or unintentional discrimination. But who would conduct those inspections is a more challenging question. Each option presents risks, Burrows pointed out. A third party may turn a blind eye to its clients, while a government-led inspection could potentially stop innovation.
In previous remarks, Burrows has noted the great potential that AI decision-making tools have to improve the lives of Americans, but only when used properly. “We must work to ensure that these new technologies do not become a high-tech pathway to discrimination,” she said.
35．What does Burrows suggest, people do?
A．Make their own voice heard.
B．Follow the experts’ suggestions.
C．Stop using AI in hiring processes.
D．Watch debates about technologies.
36．How might programs in video interviews select employees?
A．By scanning keywords.
B．By evaluating resumes.
C．By analyzing personalities.
D．By interpreting speech patterns.
37．What is a possible consequence of third-party inspections?
A．High expense.
B．Unfair results.
C．Age discrimination.
D．Innovation interruption.
38．What is Burrows’s attitude to AI decision-making tools?
A．Favorable. B．Disapproving.
C．Objective. D．Doubtful.

When travelling on the railway, I always arrive early to take photos or films of trains on my phone. I do it for my teenage boys. I’ll text these images to them, and they’ll text back saying “great pics”, and occasionally get very excited if I’ve videoed a rare engine.
My older one, Solomon, now 17, had an early and strong interest in trains. By the age of two, he had identified his favourite train of all the Class 465, a four-car electric multiple unit. One day, passing the railway station, he started laughing with pleasure. A train was waiting at the far platform. It looked like a 465 to me by its shape and size, but Solomon noticed it had five cars instead of four and most important of all, the first three digits of its number were 376. It excited him that he had discovered not only a new train but a new set of numbers, too. Classes 465 and 376 are common, but each train has its own unique number. That is part of the appeal, specifics and detail.
My younger boy, Valentine, 15, came to trains through a different route: new technology. I was walking past our local station when I saw something special. A new train I’d never seen before. If such a train could exist in my rundown local station, anything was possible. Science fiction just became science fact. I had just seen the Class 395, the Javelin, Britain’s fastest train. A few months later, there would be one leaving our station every half hour to London.
Valentine adored the Javelin. Trips became fraught because both boys wanted to travel on their favourite train - the Class 465 versus the Javelin. We negotiated with them - we’d take the 465 on the way there, the Javelin back home. Everyone was happy.
My husband is also a railfan. Having the boys has allowed him to pursue his passion. Trains are our shared passion, a timeless source of pleasure.
39．Why does the author photograph trains whenever possible?
A．To kill time.
B．To make money.
C．To share online.
D．To delight her children.
40．Why was Solomon so pleased while wandering to the railway station?
A．He noticed five brand-new cars.
B．He discovered his favourite train.
C．He corrected his mother’s mistake.
D．He spotted a new set of train numbers.
41．What does the underlined word “fraught” mean in paragraph 4?
A．Luxurious. B．Thrilling.
C．Stressful. D．Unlikely.
42．What is a suitable title for the text?
A．Trainspotting Bonds My Family.
B．Trainspotting Satisfies My Children.
C．Trainspotting Emphasizes Train Details.
D．Trainspotting Witnesses Technology Development.

Parenting styles have evolved over the years in response to the rapid social changes. Whether it is tapping technology or applying the best parenting practices, parents nowadays generally invest more time in finding out how best to raise their child.
Modern parents have access to the internet and social media for ideal parenting advice and tips. There are also numerous parenting groups for different age groups on social media that parents can join. A parent can post questions from how to manage the constant cries of an infant to how to talk to a moody teenager, and chances are, the parent will be flooded instantly with advice and relevant articles. The availability of resources has helped modern parents to be more involved and supportive of their children’s development, academically, emotionally and socially. Modern parents are also keener to find out about effective parenting methods to raise disciplined and confident children.
Meanwhile, one of modern parenting styles, helicopter parenting, arises. When parents become over-involved, over-concerned and over-controlling, they start helping children with what they are capable of on their own, for example, selecting activities and friends for them. Such a parenting style can restrict the children’s ability to handle responsibilities independently. Children might be ill-equipped with life skills such as operating a stove or monitoring their schoolwork. Overprotecting children from failures may also be prevented from developing resilience (韧性) and acquiring skills like problem-solving.
On the other hand, parents in the past tended to supervise (监管) less. Children were given more control over how they managed their schoolwork and the friends they chose to play with. They were often expected to shoulder the responsibilities of caring for younger siblings and managing household chores. Living in the preinternet era, parents were less informed about different parenting approaches and personalities.
There is no one right way to raise a child and there is no need to doubt about the best parenting style. Each child is unique and should be raised differently by parents who are present, but not hovering (盘旋);who are supportive but not controlling; and who protect but not spoil.
43．What does the author explain by mentioning “an infant” and “a moody teenager” in paragraph 2?
A．Devotion to kids.
B．Easy access to guidance.
C．Effective parenting.
D．Tricky parenting problems.
44．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about concerning modern parenting?
A．Its benefits. B．Its influence.
C．Its characteristics. D．Its type.
45．What can we learn about parents in the past?
A．They had strengths and weaknesses in parenting.
B．They were wiser than modern parents in1 parenting.
C．They were to blame for child development prospect.
D．They contributed to the children’s well-rounded abilities.
46．What is the purpose of writing the article?
A．To recommend how to parent wisely.
B．To appeal to learn from modern parents.
C．To inform how parenting has changed.
D．To introduce two parenting strategies.

To the delight of bookworms, anyone who has ever told you burying your head in a book means you’re being unsociable will have to cat their wards. A new study suggests those who regularly read, especially fiction, are actually nicer and more empathetic (善解人意) people.
The study, carried out by Kingston University London, and presented at the British Psychological Society conference in Brighton, UK, last week, also found that those who just watched television seemed to be less kind and understanding of other people.
For the study, the researchers questioned 123 people on their preferences for books, TV shows, and plays. They were also quizzed about the type of entertainment they preferred from comedy or romance to drama. Then they were tested on their interpersonal skills. The researchers asked them about their behavior towards others, whether they understood and respected others’ points of view, and whether they actively helped other people.
Drawing on these responses sheet, the researchers found some mind-boggling results. They discovered that those who read more showed greater positive social behavior and a better ability to empathize with others, while those who preferred watching TV didn’t show the same ability to empathize and were more likely to show unsociable behavior.
They also found the forms of fiction people preferred were linked to their interpersonal skills and behavior. Those who preferred fiction displayed the most positive social skills. Romance and drama lovers showed the ability to see others’ points of view, while comedy fans were particularly, able to relate to others the most.
The researchers concluded that those who read fiction regularly are more well-adapted to see things from other people’s points of view, which makes them better at understanding people. However, they do acknowledge that their study didn’t conclude if the effects are causal — does reading make you nicer and more empathetic, or do more empathetic people tend to read fiction? Even so, picking up a book can’t hurt, and might just make the world a nicer place.
47．How did the researchers conduct the research?
A．By making questionnaire surveys.
B．By comparing experiment statistics.
C．By observing participants’ behaviors.
D．By referring to previous study reports.
48．What does the underlined word “mind-boggling” mean in paragraph 4?
A．Embarrassing. B．Satisfying.
C．Amazing. D．Disappointing.
49．What can improve people’s empathetic abilities the most according to the study?
A．Reading fiction and comedy. B．Enjoying romance and drama.
C．Taking part in social activities. D．Watching plays on social media.
50．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．All people support the research result.
B．Further study is needed on this subject.
C．The nicer and kinder people like reading.
D．Reading can help people make more friends.

Huron, Ohio, was where I’d spent my twenties, working on a steamer out on the Great Lakes. My wife and I started our family there, and later we came back to Huron to retire. Then, during the final stage of construction on our new home, I had difficulty breathing. The doctor determined I needed open-heart surgery. I was admitted to a hospital in Sandusky.
The night before my surgery, I was so worried that I couldn’t sleep. I lay in my hospital bed praying and thinking about the events in my life that had led me to this point. I remembered how I had fallen in love with Huron and its people. I remembered a Christmas many years ago…
The shipping season had been good to me, so that winter I decided to buy some Christmas gifts and help out a family in town. “I know a family that would appreciate a visit from Santa Claus,” the owner of the store said. “A woman with six children just lost her husband.”
The store owner helped me wrap some presents and gave me the family’s address. That evening I delivered the packages. A little girl with brown eyes and the sweetest smile answered the door. “Santa asked me to bring these gifts to you and your family,” I said.
The girl’s eyes lit up even more. “Tell Santa ‘thank you’ from Dorothy,” she said. I never saw her or her family again, but all in town helped give Huron a permanent place in my heart. A heart now needed fixing badly.
A nurse came in to check on me. “Where are you from?” the nurse asked. “I’m from Huron,” I told her proudly.
She smiled. “I grew up there,” she said. “I loved it, even though life wasn’t easy. You see, I lost my father when I was just a child.”
I looked into her brown eyes and knew I’d seen them before. “Do you recall a sailor bringing presents to your door one Christmas?”
She stared. “That was you!”
“Yes, Dorothy,” I said, suddenly confident about my surgery. “That was me.”
51．What was the author worried about the night before his surgery?
A．Huron and its people. B．The uncompleted house.
C．His rough life experience. D．His poor physical condition.
52．How did Dorothy respond to the author’s question?
A．She kept silent with smile. B．She totally ignored it.
C．She answered it amazedly. D．She hesitated about it.
53．What brought the author confidence in the surgery?
A．The love of people in the town Huron.
B．The reward of a kind action years ago.
C．The encouragement of the young nurse.
D．The high quality service of the hospital.
54．What is the best title of the text?
A．An Unforgettable Open-heart Surgery
B．A Young Girl Finds Her Way Back Home
C．Huron Holds A Special Place in My Heart
D．A Precious Gift I Received Before Surgery

As a permaculture designer and consultant, I have been involved with a range of ecosystem restoration projects. These include both small-scale and landscape-scale projects to repair damage to degraded environments, boost biodiversity, and build toward a better future.
It is clear to me, as it will no doubt be clear to readers, that ecosystem restoration is crucial. As we seek to ease and adapt to climate change, and work to reverse (逆转) biodiversity losses, restoration is an important part of the global solution. But while it is widely understood that ecosystem restoration is the right thing to do, there is far less understanding about what exactly it means, and how it is to be achieved.
One of the most obvious misunderstandings about ecosystem restoration is that it is all about action, especially planting trees. It is important to understand that forest and woodland ecosystems are not the only crucial environments to restore. Ecosystem restoration consists of a huge range of different systems from farmland soils and grassland systems to our seas and oceans.
Ecosystem restoration is not always about actively intervening (干预). In many instances, passive intervention can be just as effective, if not more so, than active. This involves simply letting nature take the reins (掌管). In short, in ecosystem restoration, what we don’t do can be as important as what we do. Often nature already has the answers. But there are situations in which humans have damaged the environment to such a degree that natural restoration is impossible. This is when carefully designed action is required.
Another key thing to remember is that we cannot succeed in ecosystem restoration without local people’s involvement or, ideally, their leadership. When a community feels a sense of belonging and a deep connection with the land, this provides a firm foundation for future conservation and restoration work.
While I dislike taking an overly human-centered view, environmental issues cannot be separated in our complex modern world from socio-economic ones. We need to look at people and the planet as a whole and appreciate the complex web of human life and its interaction with the natural world in order to form practical restoration solutions. It is important to understand how nature can boom and still provide humans with the things we need. It is only when we consider the natural environment and human society as interconnected that we can really continue to make progress.
55．Which shows the proper understanding of ecosystem restoration?
A．Community-led efforts should be reduced.
B．Ecosystem restoration involves a variety of systems.
C．Direct action on forest ecosystems should be avoided.
D．The more trees we plant, the better the ecosystems will be.
56．In what case is active intervention a must?
A．Nature fails to restore itself to health.
B．The cost of passive intervention is high.
C．A large population relies on natural resources.
D．Active intervention can improve the local economy.
57．According to the last paragraph what should be done to make practical restoration plans?
A．Focusing on the interests of us humans.
B．Making nature conservation a top priority.
C．Conducting a survey of local natural resources.
D．Taking both social factors and nature into account.
58．What is mainly talked about in the text?
A．How people can benefit from ecosystem restoration.
B．What challenge people face in ecosystem restoration.
C．How we can repair damaged ecosystems more effectively.
D．Why ecosystem restoration becomes increasingly urgent.

This paragraph is not ordinary. Look at it. At first, it won’t look too odd. Just a normal paragraph — you may think. But look at it again and you might find it a bit unusual. Can you spot it? Is anything...missing?
What you’ve just read is a lipogram - a text without a particular letter. It is the hardest kind as it doesn’t contain the letter E - the most common letter in the English language. Try writing one yourself and you’ll imagine the task faced by the French writer Georges Perec, when a friend challenged him to write a whole novel without using E - a letter which is even more common in French.
Perec was a frighteningly clever writer, a lover of word games and puzzles and also a master of the Chinese board game Go. As well as writing crossword puzzles for Paris magazines, he had already written a 5,000-word palindrome, a text that reads the same forwards and backwards, like the well-known “A man, a plan, a canal - Panama.” But his friends thought this task would be beyond him.
Perec took up the challenge. He was unable to use more than 70% of the French words, including those most commonly used. Surprisingly, he discovered this “impossible” rule unlocked his imagination. He later claimed he wrote this novel faster than any of his other books. He was forced to think and fight for every sentence. He had no choice but to be original.
The result was La Disparition, a detective story about the mysterious disappearance of a character named A．Vowl. The only Es were the four in his name on the cover. Despite the dozens of clues about the fantastically difficult rule, many original reviewers failed to spot what was staring them in the faces — the missing letter. Embarrassing for the critics, but hilarious for the writer and his friends.
Fortunately, the game Perec was playing did not destroy the book itself. Every sentence seems twisted slightly out of shape, and the resulting style is unique.
59．Why does the writer start with a lipogram?
A．To prove Perec’s work is hard.
B．To introduce Perec’s tough task.
C．To demonstrate what a lipogram is.
D．To challenge readers to write one.
60．Which of the following is NOT a palindrome?
A．Madam. B．Nurses ran.
C．No X in Nixon. D．No lemons, no melon.
61．What did Perec think of the challenge he took up?
A．It forced him to write faster. B．It enriched his writing styles.
C．No writer but he could make it. D．It freed his creativity in writing.
62．What does the underline word “hilarious” mean in paragraph 5?
A．Confusing. B．Surprising. C．Very lucky. D．Extremely funny.

My grandfather was a rigid (刻板的) perfectionist. Everything had to be orderly, precise and punctual. I was frightened of him until the day he died. Growing up, my mother desperately wanted to please him. She probably thought he might leave if she didn’t.
In fact, I now think the fear of being left alone, abandoned, was a current throughout much of her life. A few years into my father suffering from Alzheimer’s, my mother’s voice on the phone sounded so upset that I had to tell her, “Just be with yourself for a little while. Be calm and everything can be better.”
“No, I can’t do that. I don’t want to do that,” she said suddenly, closing the door on the subject. A while after my father died, she told me that she kept the television on all the time because it made her feel less lonely. “It makes the house seem to have more people living in it,” she said. I had given in to my annoyance and either turned the volume down or turned it off. But after she told me that it filled in some of the loneliness, I never reached for the remote control again.
We have had a long journey together, she and I. Over a half-century of memories, now that the journey has ended, I have a choice which ones to study and which ones to turn over in my hands and dust off (抹去).
I choose to look at the ones that ache with a sweet truth not told often enough. There was love between us. It was just hard to find sometimes. I choose to remember her face on that winter day in Manhattan, when I came to her with a broken heart. I choose to remember walking on the shore with her in summers when we rented a beach house. Somehow the sea always changed us. I choose to remember how she looked on my wedding day when she handed me a bracelet (手镯) that had belonged to my grandmother. “Something old,” she said.
63．What can we infer from the author’s words said to her mother in paragraph 2?
A．The author comforted her.
B．The author praised her.
C．The author apologized to her.
D．The author blamed her.
64．Why did the author never reach for the remote control again?
A．She would not turn the TV set on.
B．The remote control had broken down.
C．The remote control was hidden by her mother.
D．She would not turn the TV set off or turn it down.
65．How does the author deal with her half-century of memories of her mother?
A．Ignore most of them.
B．Keep all of them in mind.
C．Forget some and analyze others.
D．Write things from her memories often.
66．What did the author’s mother do for her marriage?
A．She took her to see her grandmother.
B．She arranged a tour in Manhattan.
C．She offered her a present.
D．She rented a beach house.

“Medicine, law, business, engineering, these are noble pursuits, and necessary to sustain life. But poetry, beauty, romance, love, these are what we stay alive for. ” This is dedicated to my first-year self four years ago, who was addicted to getting good grades, and failed to seek the happiness found in everything else that college has to offer.
Like some people, I grew up with a family that valued academics over all else, who gave you a little extra love when you were doing great in your classes, and took it away when you didn’t. As a result, my self-worth became tied to my academic success. As an international student, I sometimes felt our parents didn’t quite understand the heavy academic weight.
There is a difference between trying to always better yourself for yourself, and simply putting too much on your plate until you burn out from attempting to live up to certain expectations. We should all strive to do the former, but unfortunately our mindsets have been always wired to follow the latter.
I used to believe school killed the creative spirit inside all of us, but as I get older and further into my academic career, I find that it is we who make the choice to kill that creative spirit. I am definitely not saying that you should throw your GPA out of the window and go painting all day. However, we should all try to develop a long-sighted perspective on how we want to shape our lives. Take some classes on topics that you’re genuinely interested in learning about, not just passing. Join clubs or work on projects that resonate with you and push you beyond your boundaries. And most of all, accept the fact that failure and loss are sometimes inevitable in life.
I promise you, when you look back at these four years, you will not remember the good grades or the bad grades, but you will hold in your memory the connections you made with people, the things that inspired you to create and the times you learned something special. And so I ask you now, what do you want to get out of college?
67．Who is the author of the passage?
A．A professor. B．A freshman. C．A parent. D．A graduate.
68．What did the author’s parents stress most on his college life?
A．Seeking happiness. B．Getting good grades.
C．Building self-worth. D．Developing various interests.
69．What is bettering ourselves for according to the author?
A．To be a better self. B．To realize our dreams.
C．To push our boundaries. D．To live up to others’ expectations.
70．Which of the following may the author probably agree with?
A．Academic growth helps to promote creativity.
B．Students themselves have a say in their hobbies.
C．Failures can be avoided with more efforts put in.
D．School is to blame for killing students’ creativity.

In recent times, the sales of self-help books have soared in popularity. Here are our picks of the best, and most highly rated self-help books to help tackle that new year anxiety.
Atomic Habits by James Clear
Nowadays people spend so much time planning, journaling, and writing in our diaries, rather than taking action towards actually achieving our goals. This book is a step-by-step guide to fixing up your routine. It digs into the psychology behind habits — how to form good ones and break the bad ones. If you’re a victim of procrastination (拖延症), this may be the push you need.
How to Win Friends and Influence People by Dale Carnegie
This book is all about improving the relationships you have with others in your life, making you a better listener, and overall a better friend. With simple tips such as including the person’s name in conversation and making sure you’re genuinely interested in what they’re saying, you can ensure they will remember you. The core idea is that you can change other people’s behaviour by changing your own, therefore building stronger relationships.
Untamed-Stop Pleasing, Start Living by Glennon Doyle
Part autobiographical and part self-help, it’s the perfect book to kickstart your year and start living for yourself. Although this book could be enjoyed by anyone, the prime audience is women, as Doyle talks a lot about doubts during motherhood, and the overwhelming need women feel to put everyone before themselves. Doyle shows us our lives in a new light that without even realising it, we may be working hard to please everyone around us, forgetting the most important person — ourselves.
The 4-Hour Work Week by Timothy Ferriss
“Escape the 9-5, live anywhere and join the new rich”. This best seller proposes the idea that you don’t need to wait for retirement and delay your life plan. Instead, you can trade a long career for short work bursts and frequent “mini-retirements”. Ferris says that people don’t want to be millionaires. They want to experience what they think only millionaires can buy.
71．What can we learn from Atomic Habits?
A．How to keep a diary.
B．How to learn psychology.
C．How to arrange your routine.
D．How to satisfy your needs.
72．Which book may attract housewives most?
A．Atomic Habits.
B．Untamed-Stop Pleasing, Start Living.
C．The 4-Hour Work Week.
D．How to Win Friends and Influence People.
73．Which of the following may Timothy Ferriss agree with?
A．No pains, no gains.
B．Idle young, needy old.
C．Live in the moment.
D．Fortune favors the bold.

It is likely that most people have the shared feeling: how come Christmas appears to come around quicker and quicker each year? Questionnaires by psychologists have shown almost everyone feels time is passing faster now compared to when they were half or a quarter as old. Most strikingly, lots of experiments have shown that, when older people are asked to guess how long the time is, or to “reproduce” the length of periods of time, they guess a shorter amount than younger people.
In 1877, Paul Janet suggested the proportional theory, where a child of 10 feels a year as 1/10 of his whole life while a man of 50 as 1/50, so the subjective sense of the 50-year-old man is that these are insignificant periods of time.
There are also biological theories. The speeding up of time is linked to how our metabolism(新陈代谢) gradually slows down as we grow older. Children’s hearts beat faster than adults’. They breathe more quickly. With their blood flowing more quickly, their body clocks “cover” more time within the space of 24 hours than ours do as adults. On the other hand, older people are like clocks that run slower than normal, so that they lag behind, and cover less than 24 hours.
In the 1930s, the psychologist Hudson Hoagland found body temperature causes different perceptions of time. Once, when he looked after his ill wife, he noticed she complained he’d been away for a long time even if only away for a few moments. Therefore, Hoagland tested her perception of time at different temperatures, finding the higher her temperature, the more time seemed to slow down for her, and that raising a person’s body temperature can slow down his sense of time passing by up to 20%.
Time doesn’t necessarily have to speed up as we get older though. It depends on how we live our lives, and how we relate to our experiences.
74．What does the author want to tell by the questionnaires and experiments in paragraph 1 ?
A．The old feel time flies faster than the young.
B．Time now is shorter than before.
C．Aging makes people think slowly.
D．The old value time more than before.
75．Which is NOT the factor for children’s slow perception of time according to biological theories?
A．Children’s hearts beat faster than adults’.
B．Children breathe more quickly.
C．Children run more quickly.
D．Children’s body clocks “cover” more time within the space of 24 hours.
76．Who may feel time go more slowly by the theory of Hudson Hoagland?
A．A child with slower metabolism. B．A kid feeling ill.
C．A grown-up feeling freezing. D．An adult with a high fever.
77．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．How Time Flies!
B．What causes different perceptions of time.
C．Live a Fun Life!
D．Time is speeding up.













参考答案：
1．A 2．C 3．A 4．D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了通过对古非洲骨骼的基因研究，18000年前的人类基因组被测序，揭示了非洲大陆上的先人如何生活、迁徙和繁殖的信息。文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及发现。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“In general, DNA cannot survive in Africa’s heat and damp for lengthy periods of time, and researchers have never previously sequenced a sub-Saharan African human genome older than 9,000 years.(一般来说，DNA无法在非洲炎热潮湿的环境中长时间存活，研究人员此前从未对撒哈拉以南非洲地区超过9000年的人类基因组进行过测序)”可知，非洲DNA研究的挑战是炎热潮湿的气候。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段“According to the authors of the study, this process began around 50,000 years ago, because archaeological records suggest an increase in the movement of products over great distances around this time. People are thought to have started having offspring with partners from far-away places as trading networks grew across the continent.(根据这项研究的作者，这一过程大约开始于5万年前，因为考古记录表明，在这个时期，产品的远距离移动有所增加。据认为，随着贸易网络在整个非洲大陆的发展，人们开始与来自远方的伴侣生育后代)”可知，与遥远的团体交易导致了大约5万年前的基因信息交换。故选C。
3．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“According to the study’s authors, it may be due to the Last Glacial Maximum, when climate change may have limited people’s mobility and pushed them to become more(据该研究的作者称，这可能是由于末次冰期，当时气候变化可能限制了人们的流动性，并迫使他们变得更)”可知，当时气候变化可能限制了人们的流动性，迫使他们更稳定了。由此可知，划线词意思是“稳定的”。故选A。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“In a statement, study author Jessica Thompson noted, “At first, people found their mates from a wide geographic pool. Further down the line, people valued partners who lived closer to them and were perhaps more culturally similar.” Co-author Elizabeth Sawchuk added, “Perhaps it was because previously established social networks allowed for the movement of information and technologies without requiring people to migrate.(研究作者杰西卡·汤普森（Jessica Thompson）在一份声明中指出，“一开始，人们从广泛的地理范围内找到了伴侣。再往前走，人们看重的是住在他们附近的伴侣，或许在文化上更相似。”共同作者伊丽莎白·索楚克补充道，“也许是因为以前建立的社交网络在不需要人们迁移的前提下允许信息和技术的流动。”)”可知，当信息的社交网络发展更好的时候，人们流动减少，会在周围选择伴侣。D选项：当信息的社交网络变得成熟时，移民减少了。故选D。
5．D 6．C 7．A 8．D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了，苏州园林的起源、美丽的自然景观和国家对保护它的努力。
5．细节理解题。由第二段中的“When a group of monks during the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368) first constructed Lion Grove Garden, they may have just wanted to enjoy a quiet place, hidden away from urban noise (元朝（1271-1368年），一群僧人第一次建造狮子林时，他们可能只是想享受一个远离城市噪音的安静地方)”可知，建造狮子林的目的是为了远离喧嚣的人群。故选D项。
6．细节理解题。由第三段中的“Classical Chinese garden design, which seeks to recreate natural landscapes in miniature (缩略图), is nowhere better illustrated than in the nine gardens, which reflect the profound natural beauty in Chinese culture and inspire people to pursue harmony with the world. (中国古典园林设计力求以微型形式再现自然景观，这在九座园林中得到了最好的诠释，这九座园林反映了中国文化中深厚的自然美，并激励人们追求与世界的和谐)”可知，苏州园林呈现出自然美，以及人与自然世界的融合。故选C项。
7．推理判断题。由第四段中的“Their visit ended with them completing the last step in making a traditional folding fan, adding a poem about the garden on its surface. The experience was also regarded as a way to help people understand the wisdom, elegance and philosophical worldview of the ancient Chinese literati (文人). (游客的参观以他们完成制作传统折扇的最后一步——在折扇表面加上一首关于花园的诗而结束。这段经历也被视为帮助人们理解中国古代文人的智慧、优雅和哲学世界观的一种方式)”可知，游客在该项目中，观光以制作传统折扇和在扇面题诗而结束（有助于游客中国古代文人的智慧、优雅和哲学世界观），可得出该项目具有中国传统元素。故选A项。
8．主旨大意题。第一段引出苏州园林，第二段讲苏州园林的起源，第三段简要介绍苏州园林及其设计理念（展示美丽的自然景观，鼓励人与自然和谐相处），第四段讲相关部门恢复苏州古典园林历史景观的努力，最后一段讲苏州园林的精致之美对城市的意义，文章围绕苏州园林的自然美展开，尤其由第三段中的“Classical Chinese garden design, which seeks to recreate natural landscapes in miniature (缩略图), is nowhere better illustrated than in the nine gardens, which reflect the profound natural beauty in Chinese culture and inspire people to pursue harmony with the world. (中国古典园林设计力求以微型形式再现自然景观，这在九座园林中得到了最好的诠释，这九座园林反映了中国文化中深厚的自然美，并激励人们追求与世界的和谐)”更能突显出，苏州园林是反映了中国文化自然美和激励人们追求人与世界和谐观念的园林，D项“苏州园林，一个提现哲学和文化的地方”符合文意。故选D项。
9．A 10．D 11．B 12．C 13．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新研究开发交互式地图可显示全球气候变化状况。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段“In the US, the west coast has seen a rise in temperature and loss of rainfall. (在美国，西海岸气温上升，降雨量减少。)”可知，美国出现了气温上升和降雨减少的情况。故选A。
10．细节理解题。根据第三段“Developed by a scientist at the University of Cincinnati, the map uses 50 years of public climate data from 50, 000 international weather stations around the Earth. (该地图由辛辛那提大学的一位科学家开发，使用了全球5万个国际气象站50年来的公共气候数据。)”可知，该地图利用过去的气候数据来预测未来的气候变化。故选D。
11．词句猜测题。根据第三段“It shows not only how the climate has changed, But also what will possibly happen by the year 2070. (它不仅显示了气候是如何变化的，而且还显示了到2070年可能会发生什么。)”和划线词前半句“According to the map, over the next 50 years Central America (根据地图，在未来的50年里，中美洲)”可推断，在未来的50年里，中美洲将遭受可怕的高温和降雨。所以划线词be subject to为“遭受”之意。故选B。
12．细节理解题。根据最后一段“ClimateEX can also help users search for places where climate change may lead to extreme phenomena (现象)in the future. (ClimateEX还可以帮助用户搜索未来气候变化可能导致极端现象的地方。)”可知，该地图可以显示哪里会发生极端天气。故选C。
13．主旨大意题。根据第一段“A new interactive (互动的)map shows which parts of the world have been hit hardest by climate change. (一幅新的交互式地图显示了世界上哪些地区受气候变化影响最严重。)”、第三段“It shows not only how the climate has changed, But also what will possibly happen by the year 2070. (它不仅显示了气候是如何变化的，而且还显示了到2070年可能会发生什么。)及全文可知，文章主要介绍了新研究开发交互式地图可显示全球气候变化状况，还能预测未来的气候变化，是令人惊讶的。所以“An Amazing Map(令人惊叹的地图)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。
14．D 15．B 16．D

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了中国排名前四的滑雪场。
14．细节理解题。根据Harbin Yabuli Ski Resort部分“About two and a half hours drive from Harbin downtown, Yabuli Ski Resort is the largest ski resort in China, as well as China’s biggest training center for snow activities.(亚布力滑雪场距离哈尔滨市中心约两个半小时车程，是中国最大的滑雪场，也是中国最大的雪上活动培训中心)”可知，哈尔滨亚布力滑雪场是我国最大的滑雪场。故选D项。
15．细节理解题。根据Wanda Changbaishan International Ski Resort部分“It has great snow quality which is close to that of France and North Italy.(它的雪质量非常好，接近法国和意大利北部的雪的质量)”可知，万达长白山国际滑雪场的特别之处在于它的雪质量很好。故选B项。
16．细节理解题。根据Songhua Lake Ski Resort部分“Suitable for: all ages skiers and families with young kids (适合：所有年龄段的滑雪者和有小孩的家庭)”可知，如果史密斯夫妇想带孩子滑雪，他们应该去松花湖滑雪场。故选D项。
17．C 18．B 19．A

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个国际学士学位组织及其课程的设置情况。
17．细节理解题。根据第一段“Beijing World Youth Academy, sponsored by the International Youth Exchange Centre under the Chinese Youth League Central Committee, is a secondary school founded with the permission of the Beijing Municipal Education Commission to enroll both Chinese and overseas students, aged 11 to 19, (BWYA is authorized by the IBO to offer the Degree Programme, a world famous and globally recognized qualification.(北京世界青年学院是由中国共青团中央国际青年交流中心主办，经北京市教委批准开办的一所招收11至19岁中外学生的中等学校（北京世界青年学院是国际文凭组织授权的国际知名、国际认可的学位课程）)”可知，北京市教委正式批准BWYA。故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据第二段“A two-year course for motivated students aged 16 to 19 who are looking to gain acceptance to famous universities around the world. Pre-IBO (grade 10) students who pass their final exams can be directly promoted to IDP.(为期两年的课程，适合16至19岁的有上进心的学生，他们希望获得世界各地著名大学的录取。Pre-IBO（10年级）学生通过期末考试后可直接升入IDP)”可知，如果一个17岁的学生想被哈佛大学录取，他应该上IDP。故选B。
19．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“IMYP prepares students to continue their study in the IBO Degree Programme.( IMYP为学生继续他们在IBO学位课程的学习做准备)”以及最后一段“Although the focus is on the Chinese language, fundamental subjects are also introduced so that the student may enter the Chinese schooling curriculum on completion of the course.(虽然重点是中国语文，但也引入了基础科目，以便学生在完成课程后进入中国学校课程)”可知，IMYP和CFL的相似之处是完成这两个项目后，学生可以继续深造。故选A。
20．B 21．D 22．A 23．C

【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要介绍丹麦奥胡斯的马塞利堡污水处理厂将废水转化为能源的事情。
20．细节理解题。根据第二段“The Marselisborg Wastewater Treatment Plant (MWTP) in Aarhus has undergone improvements that mean it can now produce more than 150 percent of the electricity needed to run the plant. The extra power can be used to pump drinking water around the city. (奥胡斯的马塞利堡污水处理厂（MWTP）经过了改进，这意味着它现在可以生产运行该厂所需电力的150%以上。额外的电力可以用来在城市周围抽取饮用水。)”可知，奥胡斯的污水处理厂可以产生额外的电力。故选B。
21．细节理解题。根据第五段“When talking about copying Denmark’s experience, Molly Walton, energy analyst at International Energy Agency, says, scientists and engineers would firstly have to improve energy efficiency; and it requires an enormous amount of money that could considerably increase the price of the water. Moreover, to work, the wastewater plant needs to be big enough to produce enough biogas, and even the wastewater has to be the right-mix. If it’s watered down by much storm or groundwater, it will be almost impossible to recover energy, Walton says.(国际能源署（International energy Agency）能源分析师莫莉·沃尔顿（Molly Walton）在谈到复制丹麦的经验时表示，科学家和工程师首先必须提高能源效率；这需要大量的资金，这可能会大大提高水的价格。此外，废水处理厂需要足够大，才能产生足够的沼气，甚至废水也必须是正确的混合物。沃尔顿说，如果它被暴雨或地下水淹没，几乎不可能恢复能源。)”可知，马塞利堡污水处理厂的经验很难复制是因为它需要苛刻的条件。故选D。
22．推理判断题。根据第五段“When talking about copying Denmark’s experience, Molly Walton, energy analyst at International Energy Agency, says, scientists and engineers would firstly have to improve energy efficiency; and it requires an enormous amount of money that could considerably increase the price of the water. Moreover, to work, the wastewater plant needs to be big enough to produce enough biogas, and even the wastewater has to be the right-mix. If it’s watered down by much storm or groundwater, it will be almost impossible to recover energy, Walton says.(国际能源署（International energy Agency）能源分析师莫莉·沃尔顿（Molly Walton）在谈到复制丹麦的经验时表示，科学家和工程师首先必须提高能源效率；这需要大量的资金，这可能会大大提高水的价格。此外，废水处理厂需要足够大，才能产生足够的沼气，甚至废水也必须是正确的混合物。沃尔顿说，如果它被暴雨或地下水淹没，几乎不可能恢复能源。)”可推知，莫莉·沃尔顿认为要复制丹麦的做法很困难，对其持怀疑的态度。故选A。
23．主旨大意题。根据第一段“A city in Denmark is about to become the first in the world to provide most of its citizens with fresh water using only the energy created from household wastewater.(丹麦的一座城市即将成为世界上第一个仅使用家庭废水产生的能源为大多数居民提供淡水的城市。)”和第二段“The Marselisborg Wastewater Treatment Plant (MWTP) in Aarhus has undergone improvements that mean it can now produce more than 150 percent of the electricity needed to run the plant. The extra power can be used to pump drinking water around the city. As well as regularly powering the entire water system of 200, 000 people living in the inner city area, any unwanted electricity could be sold into the local power network.(奥胡斯的马塞利堡污水处理厂（MWTP）经过了改进，这意味着它现在可以生产运行该厂所需电力的150%以上。额外的电力可以用来在城市周围抽取饮用水。除了定期为生活在市中心地区的20万人的整个供水系统供电外，任何多余的电力都可能被出售到当地的电网中。)”可知，这篇文章主要介绍丹麦奥胡斯的马塞利堡污水处理厂将废水转化为能源的事情。故选C。
24．D 25．C 26．B 27．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。语中新词不断出现。事实上，近年来，比以往任何时候都有更多的新词和短语进入英语，英语进入了快速发展和变化的阶段。文章对此进行了介绍。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As our culture changes, the language changes.(随着我们文化的变化，语言也在变化。)”，第三段第一句“Technology is moving fast, which has a big effect on language. (科技发展迅速，对语言产生了巨大影响。)”和第四段第一句“Many new English words come from other languages.(许多英语新词来自其他语言。)”可知，文化、技术和其他语言都对英语有很大影响。故选D。
25．推理判断题。根据第七段第二句“Over time, one form tends to win out.(随着时间的推移，一种形式往往会胜出。)”可知，作者提到“家庭伴侣”是为了证明随着时间的推移一种形式往往会胜出。故选C。
26．细节理解题。根据最后一段““Most new words have a limited life ‘span’,” say language experts. Only a few will survive through the next 100 years.(语言专家说：“大多数新词的寿命都很有限。”只有少数能存活到下一个100年。)”可知，新词会变老或消失。故选B。
27．主旨大意题。根据第一段“New words emerge in English all the time. In fact, in recent years more new words and phrases are entering the language than ever before, partly due to the increased willingness of lexicographers (词典编纂者) to include them in the dictionaries.(英语中新词不断出现。事实上，近年来，比以往任何时候都有更多的新词和短语进入英语，部分原因是词典编纂者越来越愿意将它们纳入词典。)”可知，文章主要是讲不断变化和发展的英语词汇。故选C。
28．D 29．B 30．C 31．A

【导语】本文是一篇议论文，文章提出有些探险者想要做前人没有做过的事情，但他们所谓的探险活动只会给别人带来麻烦，这些人的行为到底是成功还是失败，还需要打一个问号。
28．推理判断题。根据第四段的“As a result, Qomolangma is covered with rubbish and the Sherpas have to make special trips up the mountain to pick it up. The climbers are often inexperienced and when they get into trouble other people have to risk their lives to bring them down to safety. Helicopter crews have been killed trying to reach people stuck on the mountain.(因此，珠峰上到处都是垃圾，夏尔巴人不得不专门上山把垃圾捡起来。登山者通常缺乏经验，当他们遇到麻烦时，其他人不得不冒着生命危险把他们带到安全的地方。直升机机组人员在试图营救被困在山上的人时丧生。)”可知，作者可能赞同一些冒险活动会给别人带来麻烦这一说法。故选D。
29．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“So he got stuck on an isolated piece of ice and a plane had to be sent in to rescue him. It’s very difficult to land a plane on breaking ice and the people who risked their lives to do it weren’t very happy.(所以他被困在一块孤立的冰块上，不得不派一架飞机去救他。在破冰上降落飞机是非常困难的，冒着生命危险这样做的人并不高兴。)”可知，作者在第五段提到一个英国人的目的是展示他的行为所造成的负面影响。故选B。
30．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Are these explorers heroes or a danger to other people? Examples of courage and determination which should inspire the rest of us? Or a waste of time, energy and money?(这些探险家对其他人来说是英雄还是危险？这些勇气和决心的例子应该激励我们其他人吗？还是浪费时间、精力和金钱？)”可知，作者反对这些会给别人带来麻烦的所谓的探索。故选C。
31．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段的“There just isn’t anything left to explore nowadays. So, those who feel the need for adventure can only do things that haven’t been done before.(现在已经没有什么可以探索的了。所以，那些觉得需要冒险的人只能做以前没有做过的事情。)”和最后一段的“What do you think? Are these explorers heroes or a danger to other people? Examples of courage and determination which should inspire the rest of us? Or a waste of time, energy and money?(你怎么看？这些探险家对其他人来说是英雄还是危险？这些勇气和决心的例子应该激励我们其他人吗？还是浪费时间、精力和金钱？)”可知，本文论述了有些探险者想要做前人没有做过的事情，但他们所谓的探险活动只会给别人带来麻烦，这些人的行为到底是成功还是失败还需要打一个问号。因此“To Be the First a Success or a Failure(成为第一，是成功还是失败？)”是最佳标题。故选A。
32．B 33．C 34．D

【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍加州大学伯克利分校青少年休闲夏令营的情况。
32．细节理解题。根据Windsurfing Camp部分“Campers must be ages 10-17 to register. All campers must be able to swim and weigh 100 pounds or more to safely use public windsurfing equipment. (露营者必须年满10-17岁才能注册。所有露营者必须能游泳，体重100磅或以上，才能安全使用公共帆板设备。)”可知，Windsurfing Camp要求所有露营者必须有恰当的体重。故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据Skateboarding Camp部分“Skaters will be assessed on the first day of the session and the lessons will be adapted to their ability. (滑冰运动员将在课程的第一天进行评估，课程将根据他们的能力进行调整。)”可知，Skateboarding Camp的课程以露营者的水平为基础。故选C。
34．细节理解题。根据Rock Climbing Camp部分“All campers can enjoy the bus service to and from the campsites. (所有露营者都可以享受往返露营地的巴士服务。)”可知，Rock Climbing Camp给所有露营者提供公共交通。故选D。
35．A 36．D 37．B 38．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是由于美国几乎所有的大雇主都在招聘过程中使用人工智能和自动化，公众正在考虑一些紧迫的问题：当机器保持歧视时，如何防止招聘时的歧视以及什么方法会有所帮助。
35．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“She said everyone needs to speak up on the debate over these technologies. “The risks are simply too high to leave this topic just to the experts.”(她说，每个人都需要就有关这些技术的辩论进行公开发言。“风险实在是太高了，不能把这个问题只留给专家们。”)”可知Burrows建议人们就有关这些技术的辩论进行公开发言，即Burrows建议人们让人听到他们自己的声音。故选A项。
36．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The agency found that resume (简历) scanners that prioritize keywords and programs that evaluate a candidate’s facial expressions and speech patterns in video interviews can create discrimination. Take, for example, ‘a video interview that analyzes an applicant’s speech patterns to determine their ability to solve problems. (该机构发现，在视频面试中，优先考虑关键词和程序的简历扫描仪可能会造成歧视。例如，“一个视频面试，分析申请人的语言模式，以确定他们解决问题的能力。)”可知视频采访中的程序通过分析申请人的语言模式来选择员工。故选D项。
37．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“It’s agreed that inspections are necessary to ensure that the software used by companies avoids intentional or unintentional discrimination. But who would conduct those inspections is a more challenging question. Each option presents risks, Burrows pointed out. A third party may turn a blind eye to its clients, while a government-led inspection could potentially stop innovation.(大家一致认为有必要进行检查，以确保公司使用的软件能够避免故意或无意的歧视。但谁来进行这些检查则是一个更具挑战性的问题。Burrows指出，每一种选择都存在风险。第三方可能会对其客户视而不见，而政府主导的检查也可能会阻止创新。)”可知第三方会对客户视而不见，所以可以推测第三方的检查结果可能会带来不公平的结果。故选B项。
38．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“In previous remarks, Burrows has noted the great potential that AI decision-making tools have to improve the lives of Americans, but only when used properly. “We must work to ensure that these new technologies do not become a high-tech pathway to discrimination,” she said.(在之前的讲话中，Burrows指出，决策工具使用恰当的话具有改善美国人生活的巨大潜力。她说：“我们必须努力确保这些新技术不会成为导致歧视的高科技途径。”)”可知Burrows认为人工智能决策工具如果使用恰当的话具有可以改善美国人生活的潜力，所以Burrows对于人工智能决策工具的态度是客观的。故选C项。
39．D 40．D 41．C 42．A

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一家人都对火车情有独钟，共同的爱好把一家人紧密联系在一起。
39．细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后两句“I do it for my teenage boys. I’ll text these images to them, and they’ll text back saying “great pics”, and occasionally-get very excited if I’ve videoed a rare engine.”（我这样做是为了我十几岁的孩子们。我把这些图片用短信发给他们，他们会回复“拍的真好”，有时候，如果我拍到了罕见的火车头，他们会非常激动。）可知，作者拍摄火车的照片是为了让孩子们开心。故选D项。
40．细节理解题。根据第二段中“It excited him that he had discovered not only a new train but a new set of numbers, too.”（他不仅发现了一列新火车，而且是一列有新编号的列车，这件事使他很激动。）可知，Solomon看见了一列有新编号的火车，使他很激动。故选D项。
41．词义猜测题。根据第四段中“because both boys wanted to travel on their favourite train - the Class 465 versus the Javelin.”（因为孩子们都想乘坐他们最喜欢的列车出行。）并结合上文可知，Solomon想乘坐Class 465，而Valentine想乘坐Javelin，因为孩子们意见不统一，所以出行会受到影响，变得紧张。故推测fraught表示“受到影响的，有压力的”，与stressful同义。故选C项。
42．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“My husband is also a railfan. Having the boys has allowed him to pursue his passion. Trains are our shared passion, a timeless source of pleasure.”（我丈夫也是火车迷，有了同样痴迷火车的孩子，他也可以继续追求自己的梦想了。火车是我们共同的热情，永恒的快乐之源。）并结合上文对孩子们痴迷火车的描述可知，本文主要讲述痴迷于观察火车这个共同的爱好把作者家人紧密联系在一起。故选A项。
43．B 44．D 45．A 46．C

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了随着社会的变化，父母的育儿方式也发生着变化，对比了过去和现代的育儿方式。
43．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“A parent can post questions from how to manage the constant cries of an infant to how to talk to a moody teenager, and chances are, the parent will be flooded instantly with advice and relevant articles.(父母可以发布问题，从如何管理婴儿不断的哭声到如何与喜怒无常的青少年交谈，很有可能，父母会立即被建议和相关文章淹没。)”可知，作者在第2段中提到“婴儿”和“喜怒无常的少年”，是为了解释了现代父母可以通过互联网轻松获得指导。故选B。
44．主旨大意题。根据第三段第一句“Meanwhile, one of modern parenting styles, helicopter parenting, arises.(与此同时，现代育儿方式之一，直升机育儿，出现了。)”及下文内容父母过度参与出现的影响，可知本段主要讲述了现代育儿方式之一的直升机育儿。故选D。
45．细节理解题。根据第四段“On the other hand, parents in the past tended to supervise (监管)less. Children were given more control over how they managed their schoolwork and the friends they chose to play with. They were often expected to shoulder the responsibilities of caring for younger siblings and managing household chores. Living in the preinternet era, parents were less informed about different parenting approaches and personalities. (另一方面，过去的父母倾向于较少监督。孩子们可以更好地控制他们如何管理他们的功课和他们选择一起玩的朋友。他们经常被期望承担照顾弟弟妹妹和管理家务的责任。生活在前互联网时代，父母对不同的育儿方法和个性知之甚少。)”可知，在过去，父母对孩子的监管少有利于孩子自己管理他们的功课和一起玩耍的朋友，孩子们还要照顾弟弟妹妹和管理家务，但是对不同的育儿方法和个性知道的不多，即过去父母的育儿方式既有优点也有缺点。故选A。
46．推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Parenting styles have evolved over the years in response to the rapid social changes.(多年来，为了应对快速的社会变化，育儿方式一直在演变。)”及最后一段中“There is no one right way to raise a child and there is no need to doubt about the best parenting style.(养育孩子没有一种正确的方法，也没有必要怀疑最好的养育方式。)”以及文章中同时也提到了育儿方式受到现在社会的影响并和过去做了比较，所以，作者写这篇文章的目的是想说明育儿方式是如何变化的，故选C。
47．A 48．C 49．A 50．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一项研究发现：那些经常阅读尤其是阅读小说的人实际上是更友善、更善解人意。
47．细节理解题。根据第三段“For the study, the researchers questioned 123 people on their preferences for books, TV shows, and plays. (在这项研究中，研究人员询问了123人对书籍的偏好，电视节目和戏剧)”和第四段“Drawing on these responses sheet, the researchers found some mind-boggling results. (根据这些回答表，研究人员发现了一些令人难以置信的结果)”可知，研究人员是通过问卷调查进行研究。故选A。
48．词句猜测题。根据第一段“To the delight of bookworms, anyone who has ever told you burying your head in a book means you’re being unsociable will have to eat their words. (让书虫们高兴的是，任何曾经告诉过你埋头读书意味着你不会社交的人都不得不收回自己的话)”和第四段“They discovered that those who read more showed greater positive social behavior and a better ability to empathize with others (他们发现那些阅读更多的人表现出更积极的社交行为和更好的同情他人的能力)”可知，根据这些回复表，研究人员发现了的结果令人惊奇。由此可知，划线词mind-boggling的意思应该是“令人吃惊的”，和选项C意思一致。故选C。
49．推理判断题。根据第一段“A new study suggests those who regularly read, especially fiction, are actually nicer and more empathetic (善解人意) people. (一项新的研究表明，那些经常阅读，尤其是小说的人实际上是更友善、更有同情心的人)”可知，那些经常阅读，尤其是阅读小说的人实际上是更友善、更善解人意的人。又根据第五段“Romance and drama lovers showed the ability to see others’ points of view, while comedy fans were particularly, able to relate to others the most. (浪漫和戏剧爱好者表现出了看到他人观点的能力，而喜剧迷则表现得尤为突出，他们最能与他人交流)”可知，爱情故事和戏剧爱好者表现出理解他人观点的能力，而喜剧迷尤其能够与他人产生共鸣。由此推知，读小说和喜剧最让人善解人意。故选A。
50．推理判断题。最后一段“However, they do acknowledge that their study didn’t conclude if the effects are causal — does reading make you nicer and more empathetic, or do more empathetic people tend to reading fiction? (然而，他们确实承认，他们的研究并没有得出结论，是否这些影响是因果关系——是阅读会让你变得更好、更有同理心，还是更有同理心的人更容易阅读小说？)”可推知，这个问题需要进一步研究。故选B。
51．D 52．C 53．B 54．C

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。围绕Huron这个地方展开，讲述作者的善行、生病住院以及故人重逢。
51．推理判断题。根据第一段“The doctor determined I needed open-heart surgery. I was admitted to a hospital in Sandusky.(医生决定我需要开胸手术。我住进了桑达斯基的一家医院)” 和第二段首句“The night before my surgery, I was so worried that I couldn’t sleep.(手术前一天晚上，我担心得睡不着觉)”及最后一段““Yes, Dorothy,” I said, suddenly confident about my surgery.(“是的，多萝西，”我说，突然对我的手术充满了信心)” 可知，作者生病住院需用手术，手术前由于担忧而睡不着觉，后来见到熟人，由此推断，作者是担忧自己的身体状况不好，手术会出问题。故选D项。
52．推理判断题。根据倒数第二、三段 “Do you recall a sailor bringing presents to your door one Christmas?” She stared. “That was you!”(“你记得有一年圣诞节有个水手给你送礼物吗?”
她凝视着我。“原来是你!”) 可知，作者问女孩是否还记得有一个圣诞节，一位水手把礼物送到她家门口，女孩凝视着作者然后把他认了出来。由上下文语境语意及女孩回答的语气“原来是你!”可以推断出来，女孩认出作者回答他的问题时很惊喜。故选C项。
53．推理判断题。根据第二段“I remembered how I had fallen in love with Huron and its people. I remembered a Christmas many years ago…(我记得我是如何爱上休伦和休伦人的。我回想起很多年前的一个圣诞节……)”可知，作者对休伦地区的人们很有感情，很信任；并结合下文，作者回忆几年前在休伦帮助过一家生活艰难的人。在医院里，几年不见再重逢，作者认出了女孩，女孩也认出了作者。又根据最后一段 “Yes, Dorothy,” I said, suddenly confident about my surgery. “That was me.” 表达作者对手术恢复了信心。根据故事内容可推断，作者感觉多年前的一次善举，这次碰巧是被帮助的小女孩参与他的治疗，这真是善有善报，做好事的回报让自己恢复了信心。故选B项。
54．主旨大意题。根据文章首段首句“Huron, Ohio, was where I’d spent my twenties, working on a steamer out on the Great Lakes. (俄亥俄州休伦市是我20多岁时在五大湖附近的一艘轮船上工作的地方)”及第二段“I remembered how I had fallen in love with Huron and its people.(我记得我是如何爱上休伦和休伦人的)” 及第五段 “...but all in town helped give Huron a permanent place in my heart.( 但镇上的一切让休伦在我心中占据了永久的位置) ”可知，文章一直围绕Huron这个地方展开，Huron在作者心中占有特殊的地位，作者对这个地方很有感情。故选C项。
55．B 56．A 57．D 58．C

【导语】本文为一篇议论文。作为一名朴门永续设计师和顾问，作者参与了一系列生态系统恢复项目，文章介绍了生态系统恢复的意义，以及如何实现生态系统恢复。
55．细节理解题。根据第三段“It is important to understand that forest and woodland ecosystems are not the only crucial environments to restore. Ecosystem restoration consists of a huge range of different systems from farmland soils and grassland systems to our seas and oceans. (重要的是要明白，森林和林地生态系统并不是唯一需要恢复的关键环境。生态系统恢复包括大量不同的系统，从农田土壤和草地系统到我们的海洋。)”可知，生态系统恢复涉及多种系统。故选B项。
56．细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句“But there are situations in which humans have damaged the environment to such a degree that natural restoration is impossible. This is when carefully designed action is required. (但在某些情况下，人类对环境的破坏已经到了不可能自然恢复的地步。这是需要精心设计的行动。)”可知，在大自然无法自然恢复的情况下，积极干预是必须的。故选A项。
57．推理判断题。根据最后一段“While I dislike taking an overly human-centered view, environmental issues cannot be separated in our complex modern world from socio-economic ones. We need to look at people and the planet as a whole and appreciate the complex web of human life and its interaction with the natural world in order to form practical restoration solutions. It is important to understand how nature can boom and still provide humans with the things we need. It is only when we consider the natural environment and human society as interconnected that we can really continue to make progress. (虽然我不喜欢采取过于以人为本的观点，但在我们复杂的现代世界中，环境问题不能与社会经济问题分开。我们需要从整体上看待人类和地球，了解人类生活的复杂网络及其与自然世界的相互作用，以便形成切实可行的修复解决方案。重要的是要了解大自然是如何繁荣发展的，同时还能为人类提供所需的东西。只有当我们认为自然环境和人类社会是相互关联的，我们才能真正继续取得进步。)”可知，作者认为环境问题不能与社会经济问题分开，应该同时考虑社会因素和自然因素才能制定切实可行的恢复计划。故选D项。
58．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“As a permaculture designer and consultant, I have been involved with a range of ecosystem resonation projects. These include both small-scale and landscape-scale projects to repair damage to degraded environments, boost biodiversity, and build toward a better future(作为一名朴门永续设计师和顾问，我参与了一系列生态系统共鸣项目。这些项目包括小规模和景观规模的项目，以修复对退化环境的破坏，促进生物多样性，建设更美好的未来)”，以及第二段“But while it is widely understood that ecosystem restoration is the right thing to do, there is far less understanding about what exactly it means, and how it is to be achieved (但是，尽管人们普遍认为生态系统恢复是正确的事情，但对它的确切含义以及如何实现它的理解却少得多)”可知，本文将谈论恢复生态系统的确切意义和实现恢复生态系统的做法，C项“How we can repair damaged ecosystems more effectively.(我们如何更有效地修复受损的生态系统)”，能准确地概括文章的大意。故选C项。
59．B 60．B 61．D 62．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了佩雷克是一位聪明得惊人的作家，热爱文字游戏和谜题，也是中国棋盘游戏围棋的大师。
59．推理判断题。根据第二段中“What you’ve just read is a lipogram - a text without a particular letter. It is the hardest kind as it doesn’t contain the letter E - the most common letter in the English language. (你刚刚读到的是一篇漏字文——一篇没有特定字母的文章。它是最难的一种，因为它不包含字母E——英语中最常见的字母)”可知，文章开头提到的漏字文是最难的一种，由此为了介绍佩雷克的艰巨任务。故选B。
60．推理判断题。根据第三段中“As well as writing crossword puzzles for Paris magazines, he had already written a 5000-word palindrome, a text that reads the same forwards and backwards, like the well-known “A man, a plan, a canal - Panama.” (除了为巴黎的杂志写填字游戏，他还写了一篇5000字的回文，前后读起来是一样的，比如著名的“A man, a plan, a canal - Panama.”)”可知，回文是一种正反读都一样的词语，构成一种对称结构。B选项不符合该特点。故选B。
61．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Perec took up the challenge. He was unable to use more than 70% of the French words, including those most commonly used. Surprisingly, he discovered this “impossible” rule unlocked his imagination. (佩雷克接受了挑战。他不能使用超过70%的法语单词，包括那些最常用的单词。令人惊讶的是，他发现这个“不可能”的规则释放了他的想象力。)”可知，佩雷克认为他所接受的挑战释放了他在写作上的创造力。故选D。
62．词义猜测题。根据划线词前面的句子“Despite the dozens of clues about the fantastically difficult rule, many original reviewers failed to spot what was staring them in the faces — the missing letter. Embarrassing for the critics (尽管关于这条极其困难的规则有几十条线索，但许多最初的评审者都没有发现他们脸上正在盯着的东西——丢失的字母。对评论家来说很尴尬，)”可知，不知道有缺失的字母对于评论家来说这是很尴尬的事情，其与后文构成转折关系，但是对于作者和他的朋友来说这是极大的乐趣。故划线词hilarious与D选项Extremely funny为同义词，意为“非常有趣的”。故选D。
63．A 64．D 65．C 66．C

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者对母亲的记忆。
63．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“A few years into my father suffering from Alzheimer’s, my mother’s voice on the phone sounded so upset that I had to tell her, “Just be with yourself for a little while. Be calm and everything can be better.”(父亲患上老年痴呆症后的几年里，母亲在电话里的声音听起来很沮丧，我不得不告诉她：“自己静一静。冷静下来，一切都会好起来的。”)”可推知，作者在第二段对她母亲说的话是为了安慰自己的母亲。故选A。
64．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I had given in to my annoyance and either turned the volume down or turned it off. But after she told me that it filled in some of the loneliness, I never reached for the remote control again.(我已经屈服于我的烦恼，要么把音量调低，要么把它关掉。但在她告诉我，它填补了一些孤独之后，我再也没有去拿遥控器了)”可知，作者再也没有伸手去拿遥控器，因为她知道看电视能够填补母亲的孤独，因此作者不愿意再拿遥控器把电视机关掉或关小。故选D。
65．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Over a half-century of memories, now that the journey has ended, I have a choice which ones to study and which ones to turn over in my hands and dust off (抹去).(超过半个世纪的记忆，现在旅程已经结束，我选择哪些学习，哪些放在手里仔细考虑，抹去)”可知，对母亲长达半个世纪的记忆，作者选择忘记一些，分析一些。故选C。
66．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I choose to remember how she looked on my wedding day when she handed me a bracelet (手镯) that had belonged to my grandmother. “Something old,” she said.(我选择回忆我结婚那天，她递给我一只属于我祖母的手镯时的样子。“旧的东西，”她说。)”可知，作者的母亲在她结婚的时候送给她一份礼物。故选C。
67．D 68．B 69．A 70．B

【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者认为自己四年前一味沉迷于好成绩，没有从大学所能提供的一切中寻找快乐。告诉读者应该参加一些你真正感兴趣的课程，而不是敷衍了事，从大学中学到特别的东西。
67．推理判断题。根据第一段中“This is dedicated to my first-year self four years ago, who was addicted to getting good grades, and failed to seek the happiness found in everything else that college has to offer.(这句话献给四年前一年级的自己，当时的我沉迷于取得好成绩，没有从大学所能提供的一切中寻找快乐)”可推知，这篇文章的作者是毕业生。故选D。
68．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Like some people, I grew up with a family that valued academics over all else, who gave you a little extra love when you were doing great in your classes, and took it away when you didn’t. As a result, my self-worth became tied to my academic success.(和一些人一样，我在一个重视学业胜过一切的家庭中长大，当你在课堂上表现出色时，他们会给你一点额外的爱，当你表现不好时，他们就会把你的爱拿走。结果，我的自我价值与我的学业成功紧密相连)”可知，作者的父母对他大学生活的最大压力是取得好成绩。故选B。
69．细节理解题。根据第三段“There is a difference between trying to always better yourself for yourself, and simply putting too much on your plate until you burn out from attempting to live up to certain expectations. We should all strive to do the former, but unfortunately our mindsets have been always wired to follow the latter.(努力让自己变得更好，和简单地把太多事情放在自己的盘子里，直到你因为试图达到某些期望而筋疲力尽，这两者是有区别的。我们都应该努力做到前者，但不幸的是，我们的心态总是倾向于后者)”可知，在作者看来，改善自己是为了成为更好的自己。故选A。
70．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Take some classes on topics that you’re genuinely interested in learning about, not just passing. Join clubs or work on projects that resonate with you and push you beyond your boundaries. And most of all, accept the fact that failure and loss are sometimes inevitable in life.(参加一些你真正感兴趣的课程，而不是敷衍了事。加入俱乐部或参与能引起你共鸣的项目，让你超越自己的界限。最重要的是，接受这个事实，失败和失去在生活中有时是不可避免的)”可知，作者认为学生对自己的爱好有发言权。故选B。
71．C 72．B 73．C

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了帮助缓解焦虑的书籍。
71．细节理解题。根据Atomic Habits by James Clear部分中“This book is a step-by-step guide to fixing up your routine. (这本书一步一步地指导你调整日常生活)”可知，Atomic Habits主要是指导读者们如何安排自己的日常生活。故选C。
72．细节理解题。根据Untamed-Stop Pleasing, Start Living by Glennon Doyle部分中“Although this book could be enjoyed by anyone, the prime audience is women, as Doyle talks a lot about doubts during motherhood, and the overwhelming need women feel to put everyone before themselves. (尽管任何人都可以喜欢这本书，但主要的读者是女性，因为道尔谈到了很多当母亲时的疑虑，以及女性觉得把所有人都放在自己之前的强烈需求)”可知，Untamed-Stop Pleasing, Start Living适合女性读者。故选B。
73．推理判断题。根据The 4-Hour Work Week by Timothy Ferriss部分中“This best seller proposes the idea that you don’t need to wait for retirement and delay your life plan. Instead, you can trade a long career for short work bursts and frequent “mini-retirements”. (这本畅销书提出的观点是，你不需要等待退休，推迟你的人生计划。相反，你可以用漫长的职业生涯换取短暂的工作爆发和频繁的“迷你退休”)”可知，该书作者认为人们不必要等待退休而推迟自己的人生计划，而是应该用短暂的工集中工作和“迷你退休”模式，实现自己的人生。由此推知，也许Timothy Ferriss同意“活在当下”的观点。故选C。
74．A 75．C 76．D 77．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。大多数人可能都有同样的感受：为什么圣诞节一年比一年来得快呢？心理学家的调查问卷显示，几乎每个人都觉得现在时间过得比自己年龄一半或四分之一时快。 文章介绍了保罗·珍妮特提出的比例理论、生物学理论和心理学家哈德森·霍格兰的体温理论。
74．推理判断题。根据第一段“Questionnaires by psychologists have shown almost everyone feels time is passing faster now compared to when they were half or a quarter as old. Most strikingly, lots of experiments have shown that, when older people are asked to guess how long the time is, or to“reproduce”the length of periods of time, they guess a shorter amount than younger people. (心理学家的调查问卷显示，几乎每个人都觉得现在时间过得比自己年龄一半或四分之一时快。最引人注目的是，大量的实验表明，当老年人被要求猜测时间有多长，或“重现”一段时间的长度时，他们猜测的时间比年轻人要短)”可知，间卷调查和实验表明同样长的一 段时间，老年人觉得短，而孩子觉得很长，所以可以推理老年人觉得时间过得快。故选A项。
75．细节理解题。根据第三段“The speeding up of time is linked to how our metabolism (新陈代谢) gradually slows down as we grow older. Children’s hearts beat faster than adults’. They breathe more quickly. With their blood flowing more quickly, their body clocks “cover”
more time within the space of 24 hours than ours do as adults.(时间的加速与我们的新陈代谢有关，随着年龄的增长，速度逐渐变慢。孩子们的心跳比成年人快。他们呼吸得更快。由于他们的血液流动得更快，他们的生物钟在24小时内“覆盖”的时间比我们成年人多。)”可知，儿童血液流动更快，而不是跑得快。故选C项。
76．推理判断题。根据第四段“Therefore, Hoagland tested her perception of time at different
temperatures, finding the higher her temperature, the more time seemed to slow down for her, and that raising a person’s body temperature can slow down his sense of time passing by up to20%.(因此，霍格兰测试了她在不同温度下的时间知觉，发现她的体温越高，时间对她来说似乎越慢，而提高一个人的体温可以使他对时间流逝的感觉慢20%)”可知，人的体温越高，就会觉得时间越慢。由此可知，一个人发烧体温高时会觉得时间过得比较慢。故选D项。
77．主旨大意题。文章第一段“It is likely that most people have the shared feeling: how come Christmas appears to come around quicker and quicker each year? (可能大多数人都有这样的感觉：圣诞节怎么一年比一年快？)”提到了人感觉时间过得更快了；第二段“In 1877, Paul Janet suggested the proportional theory, where a child of 10 feels a year as 1/10 of his whole life while a man of 50 as 1/50, so the subjective sense of the 50-year-old man is that these are insignificant periods of time.(1877年，保罗·珍妮特提出了比例理论，一个10岁的孩子感觉一年是他一生的1/10，而一个50岁的男人感觉一年是他一生的1/50，所以50岁的男人主观感觉这些都是不重要的时间。)”提到了保罗·珍妮特的比例理论；第三段“There are also biological theories. The speeding up of time is linked to how our metabolism(新陈代谢) gradually slows down as we grow older.(还有一些生物学理论。随着年龄的增长，我们的新陈代谢逐渐减慢，这与时间的加快有关。)”从生物学理论解释了时间加快的原因；第四段“In the 1930s, the psychologist Hudson Hoagland found body temperature causes different perceptions of time.( 20世纪30年代，心理学家哈德森·霍格兰发现，体温会导致对时间的不同感知。)”提到了哈德森·霍格兰的发现，即体温会导致时间的不同感知；最后一段“Time doesn’t necessarily have to speed up as we get older though. It depends on how we live our lives, and how we relate to our experiences.(不过，随着年龄的增长，时间并不一定会加快。这取决于我们如何生活，以及我们如何与我们的经历联系起来。)”提到了时间并不一定会加快，这取决于如何生活。由此可推知，本文目的在于解释“人为何会觉得时间在加快”这一问题。B项“What causes different perceptions of time.(是什么导致了不同的时间观念?)”最能概括本文主要内容。故选B项。