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广东高考英语阅读理解专项训练
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这是一份广东高考英语阅读理解专项训练，共24页。
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Most of us have experienced being introduced to someone new only to forget his name within seconds. But why is it often easy to remember a person’s face but so difficult to remember what he’s called?
A new video explains that is due to the way our brains process random data. The video, called “why do you forget their name?” was produced by Mitchell Moffit and Greg Brown from YouTube channel AsapSCIENCE. The pair explained our brains are born to recognize facial details and that specific brain cells fire in response to seeing a face.
The University of Toronto, for example, found when looking for faces in a crowd the frontal cortex (额叶皮层)sends signals to the posterior visual cortex(后视觉皮层)to enhance what the person was looking at. But because names are random and hold no specific information in them, the brain struggles to remember them.
The video continued to show when meeting people for the first time, many of us focus on introducing ourselves and this is known as the “next-in-line effect”. Instead of watching and listening to the other person, the brain starts focusing on its own routine — what I’ll say and how I’ll say it. As a result, we’re not able to take in new information.
In an experiment by Texas Christian University, researchers asked people in a group to take turns introducing themselves. They then tested them to see which information they remembered. A participant’s memory was accurate for each fellow group member except for the person who spoke before them. For these people, the participants failed to recall any or little information.
Also, brains have both short and long-term memory and the short-term memory is often called “working memory”. This can only hold so much information and if the brain doesn’t focus, or repeat it, the information fades.
1．Why are names hard to remember?
A．There is little detailed information in names.
B．Names are specific to each individual person.
C．The human brain responds to names too slowly.
D．Names are regarded as useless information.
2．What do we know about the “next-in-line effect”?
A．It makes it hard to identify a person.
B．It causes a temporary loss of memory.
C．It worsens the ability to listen to others.
D．It blocks the reception of new information.
3．What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 5?
A．Add some background information.
B．Introduce a new topic for discussion.
C．Explain the previous paragraph further.
D．Provide another experiment for reference.
Michael Jackson had Bubbles, a chimpanzee(黑猩猩). Justin Bieber had Og Mally, a capuchin(卷尾猴), until it was seized by German customs officials and put in a zoo. Rihanna has been photographed bottle-feeding a baby monkey on holiday. The stars would find few fans in the British government, which on December 12, 2020 placed new restrictions on keeping primates(灵长目动物)as pets. Somewhere between 1,000 and 5,000 marmoserts, lemurs, tamarins and other little species of primates are kept in private ownership in Britain, the government says, often bored to misery.
One of the benefits of cutting loose from the European continent is that Britain can fully express its passion for animals. Politicians are only too happy to work for it, for pet-friendly policies are cheap and popular. In the previous election, the Tory Party promised to help reunite missing pets with their owners by making it compulsory to put chips into the bodies of cats and dogs, and to deal with animal smuggling(走私). The Labour Party promised to ban the live-boiling of lobsters in restaurants.
Yet, Britain’s animal welfare laws are already among the most comprehensive in the world, according to the Animal Protection Index.
Wild animals in traveling circuses were banned by law last year, but a decreasing public appetite for parades of elephants and tigers balanced on chairs had already put an end to the business. By the time the ban came into force, only two licensed animal circuses were left in Britain. Members of Parliament are moved by the sad loss of pets because of motor accidents. James Daly has proposed Gizmo’s Law, named after a cat, the victim of a hit-and-run accident, which was burned without its owner’s knowledge. The law requires that dead animals be brought back from the roadside to scan them for microchips, so that they can be reunited with their brokenhearted owners rather than being burned without their names being known. A draft bill in 2018 proposed criminalizing drivers who failed to stop after striking a cat. Hit-and-runs on dogs, pigs, goats and humans are already illegal.
4．What does the author want to introduce by mentioning the three stars in Paragraph 1?
A．A recent pet-friendly policy in Britain.
B．British people’s passion for animals.
C．A trend towards keeping primates as pets.
D．The present situation of primates in Britain.
5．What do we know about Britain’s politicians?
A．They’re two-faced about animal welfare.
B．They disapprove of European animal welfare.
C．They used to blame each other on animal welfare.
D．They devoted to making laws on animal welfare.
6．Why are dead animals in Gizmo’s Law scanned?
A．To track the hit-and-run driver.
B．To help the animals find their way home.
C．To inform their owners of the accidents.
D．To find out the exact locations of the accidents.
7．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Animal welfare: all you need to know
B．Could Britain be a leader in animal welfare?
C．Could animal welfare plans be smart politics?
D．Animal welfare: a favorite issue for politicians.
NEW DELHI-Acupuncture has become a bridge of friendship between India and China, with more Indians accepting the form of traditional Chinese medicine over the past few decades, experts say.
Acupuncture, a technique to cure various illnesses, was introduced in India in 1959 by B．K. Basu in the eastern city of Kolkata, capital of West Bengal state, according to Mrigendranath Gantait, president of the Acupuncture Association of India. Over the past six decades, it has spread to rural, semi-urban and urban areas in India, particularly in the states of West Bengal, Maharashtra and Punjab.
Acupuncture therapy in India is related to the story of the Indian medical mission that was sent to China to provide medical assistance during the Chinese people’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-1945). Basu, as a colleague of Dwarkanath Kotnis (widely known as Ke Dihua in China) and a torchbearer of the Indian medical mission, stayed in China from 1938 to 1943,and later worked for 43 years in India until his death in 1986. From 1958 to 1959, Basu stayed in China to learn acupuncture before introducing the needle techniques in India. In 1973, Basu was invited to China to learn newly developed acupuncture anesthesia (麻醉).
From the very beginning, Basu tried to spread acupuncture to doctors by free teaching to broad masses of people. Basu, who established the Dr. Dwarkanath Kotnis Memorial Committee and the Acupuncture Association of India, donated his house and savings to the government of West Bengal state for the purpose of acupuncture development.
Under the leadership of the committee, free health service clinics have been set up where acupuncture is taken as the main treatment modality (模式), because the cost of acupuncture treatment is low, and acupuncture is effective for many ailments. The committee has also produced many acupuncturists who run these clinics without taking any remuneration (报酬), according to Gantait.
“Acupuncture has played a unique role to promote people’s friendship between India and China,” he says. “When Basu returned to India after learning acupuncture anesthesia, the Indian media described it as acupuncture diplomacy, and it was highly praised in the country.”
8．According to the passage, which of the following is true about acupuncture therapy in India?
A．It was developed by B．K. Basu, a great doctor.
B．It is more popular in the capital than in the countryside.
C．It has played a unique role in producing acupuncturists.
D．It is effective for many diseases and it is free of charge.
9．The purpose of Paragraph 3 is to ______.
A．introduce Dr. Basu’s experience in China
B．explain how Dr. Basu learned acupuncture in China
C．give some background information about acupuncture therapy in India
D．show how India and China benefited each other in acupuncture therapy
10．The passage is most probably taken from ______.
A．a history textbook
B．a news website
C．a medical report
D．a travelling brochure
11．Which of the following may be the best title for the passage?
A．Basu-An Acupuncture Expert
B．Indian Acupuncture Working Well
C．Acupuncture Diplomacy in India
D．Acupuncture-A Point of Friendship
Engaging in just one hour of leisure-time physical activity per week can reduce your risk of future depression, according to a new study — which is the largest and most extensive of its kind to date.
The findings of this study suggest that surprisingly small amounts of low-intensity physical activity (60 minutes of exercise per week, without becoming breathless or sweating) can protect against future depression, regardless of age or gender. This adds to a growing body of evidence that small doses of physical activity can contribute to huge psychological and physical health benefits.
This international research team was led by the Black Dog Institute in Australia who conducted an in-depth analysis of the Health Study of Nord-Trondelag County (HUNT study). HUNT involved 33,908 male and female Norwegian adults who had their levels of exercise and symptoms of depression and anxiety monitored over an 11-year period.
At the beginning of the HUNT study, all participants were asked to report their frequency of weekly exercise and their degree of aerobic intensity: (1) without becoming breathless or sweating, (2) becoming breathless and sweating, or (3) exhausting themselves.
During the follow-up stage of the study, participants completed a self-report questionnaire (the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) to indicate any emerging anxiety or depression over the years. Notably, the researchers found that people did not have to become breathless, sweaty, or exhaust themselves to reap psychological benefits from exercise. In fact, the authors observed that low levels of aerobic intensity were just as effective as moderate-to- vigorous physical activity (MVPA)in terms of protecting against future depression.
In a statement, lead author, Samuel Harvey, added: “We’ve known for some time that exercise has a role to play in treating symptoms of depression, but this is the first time we have been able to quantify the preventative potential of physical activity in terms of reducing future levels of depression. These findings are exciting because they show that even relatively small amounts of exercise-from one hour per week-can deliver significant protection against depression.”
The authors conclude: “Given that the intensity of exercise does not appear to be important, it may be that the most effective public health measures are those that encourage and facilitate increased levels of everyday activities, such as walking or cycling. The results presented in this study provide a strong argument in favor of further exploration of exercise as a strategy for the prevention of depression.”
12．What’s new in the findings of the IIT study?
A．It involved the most participants in one research of its kind.
B．Exercise plays a positive role in treating symptoms of depression.
C．Those who enjoy exercising every week are less likely to suffer depression.
D．Exercise is described specifically in frequency and intensity to prevent depression.
13．We can learn from Paragraph 5 that in the following part of the study________.
A．researchers asked participants about their mental health
B．participants answered questions related to physical exercises
C．participants answered questions related to their mental health
D．researchers found that MVPA can help prevent future depression
14．How was the HUNT study carried out?
A．By carrying out interviews. B．By conducting surveys.
C．By engaging in physical activities. D．By studying Norwegians health state.
15．Which of the following statements would the researchers most probably agree with?
A．To avoid depression, one should perform everyday activities.
B．Jogging until one sweats is better than walking or cycling every day.
C．Depression victims should be encouraged to perform less intense sports.
D．Exercise as a possible means of depression prevention deserves further study.
CrossRoads Create, a social media app developed by four seniors who are now studying at the University of Rochester, aims to provide a platform to bring teams together for projects.
While Sharfuz Shifat was working at the Meliora LaunchPad-a student organization he co-founded-in his second year at the university, Shifat had the vision of making an efficient social media network for people to work on their ideas. “The world would be a better place if you could easily find people who have the same interests, vision and relevant skills to build something,” he said. He then reached out to Carolyn Zelicof, Andrew Nyaisonga and Sandesh Paudel.
“I got a text from Sharfuz saying he was looking for a user experience designer, and I thought this project was really exciting,” Zelicof said.
With their team assembled, the four co-founders were now ready to materialize their vision. CrossRoads Create currently has a landing page where you can sign up to become a user and provide feedback on the product. Site visitors are met with the logo and the motto: “Where ideas meet execution.”
Minimizing cost was one of the main challenges of the development process. The two engineers, Nyaisonga and Paudel, were able to develop the platform without indirect costs while keeping the ability of a business or system to grow larger in mind. Nyaisonga explained: “There is an easier way to do something, but it might not be cheap. So, we had to choose the harder way for some things.” On the design side, Zelicof, the lead user interface and user experience designer, spoke of the challenge of building a good user experience from an idea, as well as satisfying her team’s expectations. Juggling schoolwork, job applications, and the app development was another curveball thrown their way. “But when you’re really passionate about it, you can do it. Not everyone has to drop out of college to build a startup.” Shifat said.
CrossRoads Create will be launched this week, and the founders have been busy preparing their launch strategy, promoting their product through extensive use of social media marketing campaigns, maintaining their landing page, and interacting with the Center for Startups.
16．What do we know about Sharfuz Shifat?
A．He founded Meliora LaunchPad after his graduation from university.
B．He is responsible for improving the experience of the app users.
C．He thinks it more important to start a business than pursue a degree.
D．He is involved in promoting their app through social media.
17．Why did Nyaisonga prefer the hard way of developing the platform?
A．Because it is money-saving.
B．Because it allows the app to grow.
C．Because it quickens development process.
D．Because it takes time to get feedback from users.
18．What does “curveball” in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A．Interest. B．Ambition. C．Difficulty. D．Confusion.
19．Which of the following was NOT one of the challenges they faced?
A．Meeting the expectations of their teammates.
B．Striking a balance between schoolwork and app development.
C．Having access to the resources provided by the Center for Startups.
D．Turning their thoughts about improving user experience into a reality.
Running is undoubtedly a healthy lifestyle, but it is difficult to stick to it. I still remember one 50-minute run in particular in the spring of 2018. I made a detailed plan at first and immediately began creating a long list of excuses as to why this was simply just not going to work, why I wasn’t fit enough and why I would fail. I was afraid that I had no confidence in my plan. Before I even tied my shoes, I’d already convinced myself I couldn’t do that.
How would it go? I had quit the workout mentally before I even started. Who knows how many times I stopped and restarted my watch? I spent an awfully long afternoon sitting by the road feeling sorry for myself. One bad workout would even upset me for days. I questioned my fitness gradually and cut more workouts short. And pretty soon, my fitness gradually came to a steady level or moved backward.
The problem I gradually realized was that I treated my entire training plan like a tempo run—hard, fast, strict. In a tempo run, if you don’t hit your pace early, it’s nearly impossible to catch up. Therefore, I realized I needed to treat my training like my favorite workout: the long run. I love ignoring my watch, settling into a relaxing pace, enjoying the route and focusing on only one goal—finishing. I love that I can have a bad mile in the middle and still end up strong.
Now, when I set a new goal and write a new training plan, I have what I call “the long-run mindset”. I find success and value in my training because I’m not eager for immediate results as before. Yes, there is still an important place for hard fast tempo runs, but I have shifted my attitude to thinking bigger than short-term outcomes and work towards lifelong success.
20．How did the author first feel about his running plan?
A．Positive. B．Convinced. C．Unsure. D．Unafraid.
21．What can we infer about the author from paragraph 2?
A．He had a poor-quality watch. B．He had a loser’s mental state.
C．His health was improving rapidly. D．His training plan was easy to follow.
22．How did the author manage to solve his problem?
A．By ignoring the finishing line. B．By finding a tense workout pace.
C．By forgetting his previous achievements. D．By treating the training in a different way.
23．What message does the author try to tell us?
A．Doing is better than saying. B．Think twice before you leap.
C．A good plan makes a good ending. D．It’s an attitude of mind that counts.
For thousands of years, Chinese writers have travelled all over the country to take down notes about the geographical conditions of each city. Among them, well-known Chinese geographer and writer Li Daoyuan, in the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534), composed his book, Commentary on the Water Classics, after studying the original literary version, Water Classics. He later expanded the river records to 1, 252 from the original 137.
The book is now being studied again by Professor Li Xiaojie and his team from Fudan University. They have been using drawing software and 3D modelling to recreate the waterway situations on a map based on the book description. So far, they have completed research on four rivers.
“Ancient people knew really well how to apply the power of nature to technical considerations,”Li said, giving the example of Qianjin’e, one of the most famous ancient water conservation projects in Luoyang, Henan. In order to lead the river into the city for irrigation (灌溉) in ancient Luoyang, the officials built a canal branch by separating a northwest-southeast river. However, the canal water wasn't enough to support the citizens in dry seasons. To solve that, on the northern side of the canal branch, the officials built a reservoir (水库) and a channel to lead the water to the canal branch, where the waterways would converge and flow together to the city.
In Commentary on the Water Classics, a total of 2, 800 cities are recorded with details. Still, the process of recreation takes much effort. After doing a lot of text analysis and fieldwork, the team has gradually created the model with 3D modelling software based on repeated deductions (推论).
For Professor Li, the book is not only a record of the natural landscape over 1, 000 years ago, but also a detailed description of humanity and culture and a treasure for today’s reference.
24．What can we learn about the book Commentary on the Water Classics?
A．It has been out of date. B．It explains 3D modelling.
C．It keeps records of 137 rivers. D．It is based on previous studies.
25．What does the underlined word “converge” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．Join. B．Pass. C．Cross. D．Begin.
26．What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about model recreation?
A．Its major problems. B．Its detailed analysis.
C．Its complex process. D．Its successful application.
27．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．3D Technology Fuels Modern Research
B．Ancient Classics Inspire Modern Research
C．An Effective Approach to Model Recreation
D．A Famous Writer of Chinese Ancient Classics
The top-selling album (唱片) Songs of the Humpback Whale was released in 1970. This collection of nature recordings changed the way many people thought about whales and eventually helped save thousands of whales’ lives.
The album might never have been made if it hadn’t been for a sound engineer named Frank Watlington. In the 1960s, Watlington was making underwater recordings when he noticed some strange, deep sounds, which he realized were coming from whales.
Watlington played the recordings for a pair of biologists named Roger and Katy Payne. When they listened, they were instantly hooked on the beauty of the whales’ voices.
Katy Payne studied music as well as biology, and she was amazed by how the whales communicate like an opera singer. She also noticed another interesting detail: they had recognizable patterns. In biology terms, an animal call with a repeating pattern is called a song. The songs of whales are so complex that some scientists have even compared them to composers and poets.
The Paynes thought that other people needed to hear the beauty of the whales’ songs, so Roger organized the recordings into an album. At the time when the album came out, whales were often hunted and traded for money and some whale species were dying out. Most people had never thought of whales as creatures that could communicate through songs. But after hearing the album, many people began to think differently.
The album led people to start the Save the Whales movement. Musicians began using whale songs in their music, and whales were included in movies and television shows. In 1982, the deep-sea whaling was banned. Before the ban, more than 50,000 whales per year were killed. After it, the number went down below 2,000.
It might seem incredible that just one album could help save the lives of so many whales. But this one-of-a-kind album revealed secrets long hidden beneath the waves and allowed these amazing creatures to finally share their songs with the human world.
28．What is the purpose of the passage?
A．To call on people to save whales. B．To prove that whales are born singers.
C．To explain how a good album was made. D．To introduce a popular album and its stories.
29．Who first found the special voices of the whales?
A．A song recorder. B．An opera singer.
C．A sound engineer. D．A pair of biologists.
30．What surprised Katy Payne about the whales?
A．They could talk with scientists. B．They could sing like an opera singer.
C．They could repeat interesting sounds. D．They could communicate through songs.
31．Which is one of the values of the album?
A．It successfully stopped deep-sea whaling. B．It helped people understand whales better.
C．It made some music and movie stars popular. D．It encouraged musicians to work with scientists.
Last Saturday, when my grandfather got frustrated at the name of the singer of a song, I grabbed my smartphone and found it in seconds. This astonished my grandfather, who didn’t understand how I’d checked the information so quickly. I laughed and explained, but afterwards, it made me think about how much I depend on technology.
When I reflected on its impact on my education, I saw that technology has been significant in many ways. Returning to the story of my grandfather, he had asked me more about how I used it and about university life. He said he thought we had an easy life compared to previous generations. I could see his point.
Not only are we lucky enough to have the same educational benefits as those of previous generations, but we have so many more. We still have walk-in libraries; however, the only option for studying used to be sitting in these libraries with as many books from your reading list as you could find, yet now a single search online can immediately provide access to a huge range of resources. Interaction between students and university staff is another area that has changed considerably. We can have face-to-face time with our tutors, and also communicate using our electronic devices. The most popular means is via social media, and it has become unacceptable for messages to be unanswered for any length of time. While this puts an extra stress on the university’s academic support team, we students are greatly benefited.
When we compare the student life of the past and the present, it is tempting to focus on the obvious differences in technology. In fact, students are doing what they’ve always done: embracing the resources available and adapting them to work more efficiently and to live more enjoyably. The pace of change in technology continuously gathers speed, so we have to value each innovation as it happens.
32．Why does the author mention the story of his grandfather?
A．To share an interesting experience. B．To draw readers’ attention to the topic.
C．To provide an example for his opinion. D．To arouse readers’ concern about a problem.
33．What is the grandfather’s attitude towards the role of technology?
A．Favourable. B．Tolerant. C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.
34．What is a new challenge technology brings to the academic support team?
A．Using various electronic devices. B．Scheduling online communication.
C．Providing more flexible reading lists. D．Responding to all inquiries from students.
35．What can be concluded from the last paragraph?
A．Students should make full use of technology.
B．Students should value the time and enjoy their life.
C．We should take technological differences seriously.
D．We should resist the temptation of up-coming innovation.
参考答案
1．A
2．D
3．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文为一篇说明文。主要对为什么我们更加容易记住别人的脸而不是名字这一问题进行了解释。
1．
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“But because names are random and hold no specific information in them, the brain struggles to remember them.（但是因为名字是随意的，且不包含特殊信息，因此大脑很难记住它们。）”可知，名字很难被记住的原因是因为名字不包含什么具体细节性的信息，故选A。
2．
细节理解题。根据文章第四段中next-in-line effect后文的解释“Instead of watching and listening to the other person, the brain starts focusing on its own routine — what I’ll say and how I’ll say it. As a result, we’re not able to take in new information.（大脑不会去观察和倾听另一个人所说的话，而是去注重自己的行为——我应该说什么呢？我应该怎样来说呢？因此，我们就无法吸收新的信息。）”可知，“依次失真效应”是大脑关注自己行为的一种效应，而无法吸收新的信息，故它阻挡了新信息的接收，故选D。
3．
推理判断题。文章第四段提出了“依次失真效应”会阻止大脑接受新的信息，根据第五段“In an experiment by Texas Christian University, researchers asked people in a group to take turns introducing themselves. They then tested them to see which information they remembered.（在一次由德克萨斯基督教大学做的一项实验中，研究者让一组的人轮流介绍自己。然后他们做测试，看他们记住了那些信息。）”可知，第五段主要是做实验来证明第四段中“依次失真效应”，故第五段的目的在于进一步解释上一段，故选C。
4．C
5．D
6．C
7．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是说明文。文章讲述了英国的动物福利法律的有关内容，介绍其设立的原因等
4．
推理判断题。根据第一段的“The stars would find few fans in the British government, which on December 12, 2020 placed new restrictions on keeping primates(灵长目动物)as pets. Somewhere between 1,000 and 5,000 marmoserts, lemurs, tamarins and other little species of primates are kept in private ownership in Britain, the government says, often bored to misery.( 2020年12月12日，英国政府出台了新的限制措施，禁止饲养灵长类动物作为宠物。 政府说，在英国，大约有1000到5000只狨猴、狐猴、绢毛猴和其他小型灵长类动物被私人豢养，它们经常无聊到痛苦)”可推断，作者在前文提到三只明星灵长类动物是为了介绍人们把灵长类动物作为宠物的趋势。故选C。
5．
细节理解题。根据第二段的“One of the benefits of cutting loose from the European continent is that Britain can fully express its passion for animals. Politicians are only too happy to work for it, for pet-friendly policies are cheap and popular.(英国脱欧后的一大好处便是可以充分表达其对动物的热情。政客们之所以乐此不疲，是因为宠物福利政策成本低廉且深受欢迎)”可知，英国的政客们致力于制定有关动物福利的政策。故选D。
6．
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Members of Parliament are moved by the sad loss of pets because of motor accidents. James Daly has proposed Gizmo’s Law, named after a cat, the victim of a hit-and-run accident, which was burned without its owner’s knowledge. The law requires that dead animals be brought back from the roadside to scan them for microchips, so that they can be reunited with their brokenhearted owners rather than being burned without their names being known.( 国会议员们被车祸导致的宠物的悲惨损失所感动。詹姆斯·戴利提出了“吉兹莫法”，以一只猫的名字命名，它是一场肇事逃逸事故的受害者，在主人不知情的情况下被火化了。该法律规定，死去的动物从路边带回来，扫描它们的微芯片，以便伤心的主人能够和它们见上最后一面，而不该在不知其身份信息的情况下直接火化)”可知，“吉兹莫法”法律规定死去的动物被扫描，是为了告知主人事故的发生。故选C。
7．
主旨大意题。根据第三段内容“Yet, Britain’s animal welfare laws are already among the most comprehensive in the world, according to the Animal Protection Index.(然而，根据“动物保护指数”的数据，英国已经拥有世界上最全面的动物福利法律之一了)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了英国的动物福利法律有关内容，讲述了其设立的原因等，因此推断A项“动物福利：所有你需要知道的事情”为最佳标题。故选A。
8．D
9．C
10．B
11．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍针灸在印度的发展以及印度的针灸发展背后的故事，还有针灸在促进中印人民友谊方面发挥了独特的作用。
8．
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“acupuncture is effective for many ailments. The committee has also produced many acupuncturists who run these clinics without taking any remuneration(针灸对许多疾病都有效。该委员会还培养了许多针灸师，他们经营这些诊所不收取任何报酬)”可知，针灸疗法对许多疾病都有效，而且是免费的。故选D。
9．
推理判断题。根据第三段的“Acupuncture therapy in India is related to the story of the Indian medical mission that was sent to China to provide medical assistance during the Chinese people’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-1945).(印度的针灸疗法与中国人民抗日战争(1931-1945)期间，印度派遣医疗队到中国提供医疗援助的故事有关。)”可知，第三段的目的是提供一些关于印度针灸疗法的背景信息，故选C。
10．
推理判断题。根据第一段的“NEW DELHI-Acupuncture has become a bridge of friendship between India and China, with more Indians accepting the form of traditional Chinese medicine over the past few decades, experts say.(新德里——专家称，在过去的几十年里，越来越多的印度人接受传统中医，针灸已经成为印度和中国之间的一座友谊桥梁。)”可知，文章出自一个新闻网站，故选B。
11．
主旨大意题。根据第一段的“NEW DELHI-Acupuncture has become a bridge of friendship between India and China, with more Indians accepting the form of traditional Chinese medicine over the past few decades, experts say.(新德里——专家称，在过去的几十年里，越来越多的印度人接受传统中医，针灸已经成为印度和中国之间的一座友谊桥梁。)”和最后一段的“Acupuncture has played a unique role to promote people’s friendship between India and China(针灸为促进中印两国人民的友谊发挥了独特作用)”可知，本文主要介绍针灸在印度的发展以及印度的针灸发展背后的故事，还有针灸在促进中印人民友谊方面发挥了独特的作用，因此最好的题目是D选项“Acupuncture-A Point of Friendship(针灸——友谊的象征)”，故选D。
12．D
13．C
14．B
15．D
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是一项最新研究表明，每周进行一小时的休闲体育活动可以降低未来患抑郁症的风险。这项研究是迄今为止规模最大、范围最广的同类研究。
12．
推理判断题。根据第三段中“HUNT involved 33,908 male and female Norwegian adults who had their levels of exercise and symptoms of depression and anxiety monitored over an 11-year period.(这项研究对33，908名挪威男性和女性成年人进行了为期11年的监测，他们的运动水平以及抑郁和焦虑症状)”以及第四段“At the beginning of the HUNT study, all participants were asked to report their frequency of weekly exercise and their degree of aerobic intensity:(1) without becoming breathless or sweating, (2) becoming breathless and sweating,
or (3) exhausting themselves. (在HUNT研究开始时，所有参与者都被要求报告他们每周的运动频率和有氧强度：（1）不喘气或出汗，（2）不喘气和出汗，或（3）精疲力竭)”可知，HUNT研究发现主要新在运动的频率和强度对预防抑郁有专门的描述。故选D项。
13．
推理判断题。根据第五段“During the follow-up stage of the study, participants completed a self-report questionnaire (the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) to indicate any emerging anxiety or depression over the years.(在研究的后续阶段，参与者完成了一份自我报告问卷（医院焦虑和抑郁量表），以表明这些年来任何出现的焦虑或抑郁)”可知，第五段中参与者回答了与他们的心理健康有关的问题。故选C项。
14．
推理判断题。根据第四段“At the beginning of the HUNT study, all participants were asked to report their frequency of weekly exercise and their degree of aerobic intensity:(1) without becoming breathless or sweating, or (3) exhausting themselves. (在HUNT研究开始时，所有参与者都被要求报告他们每周的运动频率和有氧强度：（1）不喘气或出汗，（2）不喘气和出汗，或（3）精疲力竭)”以及第五段中“During the follow-up stage of the study, participants completed a self-report questionnaire (the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) to indicate any emerging anxiety or depression over the years. Notably, the researchers found that people did not have to become breathless，sweaty, or exhaust themselves to reap psychological benefits from exercise. (在研究的后续阶段,参与者完成了一份自我报告问卷（医院焦虑和抑郁量表），以表明这些年来任何出现的焦虑或抑郁。值得注意的是，研究人员发现，人们并不需要上气不接下气、大汗淋漓或精疲力竭才能从锻炼中获得心理上的好处)”可推出，HUNT研究是通过调查来进行的。故选B项。
15．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The results presented in this study provide a strong argument in favor of further exploration of exercise as a strategy for the prevention of depression. (这项研究的结果为进一步探索运动作为一种预防抑郁症的策略提供了有力的论据)”可推出，研究人员很可能会同意运动作为一种预防抑郁症的可能手段值得进一步研究。故选D项。
16．D
17．A
18．C
19．C
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由罗切斯特大学的四名大四学生开发的一款社交媒体应用CrossRoads Create，旨在为项目团队提供一个平台。
16．
细节理解题。第二段第一句提到“While Sharfuz Shifat was working at the Meliora LaunchPad-a student organization he co-founded-in his second year at the university, Shifat had the vision of making an efficient social media network for people to work on their ideas. （当Sharfuz Shifat在Meliora launchpad(一个他在大学二年级时共同创立的学生组织)工作时，Shifat有一个愿景，那就是打造一个高效的社交媒体网络，让人们实现自己的想法）”由此判断，他致力于打造一个高效的社交网络，且最后一段提到“ the founders have been busy preparing their launch strategy, promoting their product through extensive use of social media marketing campaigns（创始人一直在忙着准备他们的启动策略，通过广泛使用社交媒体营销活动来推广他们的产品）”由此判断，Shifat在他们软件准备上线的阶段使用了社交媒体来进行软件的推广。故选D。
17．
推理判断题。第五段第一句提到“Minimizing cost was one of the main challenges of the development process. （降低成本是开发过程中的主要挑战之一。）”在该段提到“Nyaisonga explained: “There is an easier way to do something, but it might not be cheap. So, we had to choose the harder way for some things.”（Nyaisonga解释说:“有一种更简单的方法来做某事，但它可能不便宜。所以，我们必须为一些事情选择更艰难的方式。”）”由此判断，Nyaisonga选择更艰难的方式来完成应用的开发，是为了降低成本。故选A。
18．
词义猜测题。第五段第一句提到“Minimizing cost was one of the main challenges of the development process. （降低成本是开发过程中的主要挑战之一。）”在该段提到“Juggling schoolwork, job applications, and the app development（同时兼顾学业、工作申请和应用程序开发）”，因为这个应用是由四名大学生开发的，因此他们在应用开发的过程中面临着很多的困难，降低成本只是他们面临的主要挑战之一。A. Interest兴趣；B. Ambition野心；C. Difficulty困难；D. Confusion结论。故选C。
19．
细节理解题。第五段提到“On the design side, Zelicof, the lead user interface and user experience designer, spoke of the challenge of building a good user experience from an idea, as well as satisfying her team’s expectations. （在设计方面，首席用户界面和用户体验设计师Zelicof谈到了从一个想法构建一个良好的用户体验，以及满足她的团队的期望所面临的挑战。）应用软件的开发，不仅要满足用户的体验，还要满足团队的期待。A项Meeting the expectations of their teammates.（满足团队的期望。）符合文意。在该段提到“Juggling schoolwork, job applications, and the app development（同时兼顾学业、工作申请和应用程序开发）”由此判断，这些人要平衡学业和开发软件之间的关系，B项Striking a balance between schoolwork and app development.（平衡学业和应用程序开发。）符合文意。第二段提到“Shifat had the vision of making an efficient social media network for people to work on their ideas. （Shifat有一个愿景，那就是打造一个高效的社交媒体网络，让人们实现自己的想法。）”由此判断，怎样实现人们的想法，对于软件开发、应用也是一个挑战。D项Turning their thoughts about improving user experience into a reality.（把改善用户体验的想法变成现实。）符合文意。C项Having access to the resources provided by the Center for Startups.（能够使用创业中心提供的资源。）文中并未提到，只是在最后一段提到interacting with the Center for Startups.（和创业中心互动。），并不是使用创业中心提供的资源。故选C。
20．C
21．B
22．D
23．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在练习跑步的过程中心态的变化。
20．
推理判断题。根据第一段“I made a detailed plan at first and immediately began creating a long list of excuses as to why this was simply just not going to work, why I wasn’t fit enough and why I would fail. I was afraid that I had no confidence in my plan. Before I even tied my shoes, I’d already convinced myself I couldn’t do that. (一开始我制定了一个详细的计划，然后马上开始列举一长串的借口，比如为什么这个计划行不通，为什么我不够健康，为什么我会失败。我担心我对自己的计划没有信心。在我系鞋带之前，我就已经说服自己我做不到。)”推知，作者起初对跑步计划没有信心，因为他给自己找了一连串理由。故选C。
21．
推理判断题。根据第二段“I had quit the workout mentally before I even started. (在开始锻炼之前，我就已经在心理上放弃了。)”推知，作者拥有失败者的心态——他还没有开始锻炼心里就已经放弃了。故选B。
22．
细节理解题。根据第三段“Therefore, I realized I needed to treat my training like my favorite workout: the long run. I love ignoring my watch, settling into a relaxing pace, enjoying the route and focusing on only one goal—finishing. I love that I can have a bad mile in the middle and still end up strong.(因此，我意识到我需要像对待我最喜欢的运动一样对待我的训练：长跑。我喜欢无视我的手表，以轻松的节奏安顿下来，享受这条路线，只专注于完成一个目标。我喜欢我在中间跑了一英里后仍然很强壮)”可知，作者意识到自己的问题之后，开始以不同的方式对待训练。故选D。
23．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Yes, there is still an important place for hard fast tempo runs, but I have shifted my attitude to thinking bigger than short-term outcomes and work towards lifelong success.(是的，硬快节奏跑仍然有一个重要的位置，但我已经转变了我的态度，考虑更大的短期结果，并朝着终身的成功努力。)”及全文可知，作者刚开始跑步时会找各种理由，但之后转变了心态，这种转变也给自己带来了一些积极的变化。由此推知，作者主要想通过他的锻炼经历来告诉我们心态的重要性。故选D。
24．D
25．A
26．C
27．B
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了复旦大学李晓杰教授及其团队根据古代著作《水经注》的描述，使用绘图软件和3D建模重现了水道情况。
24．
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Among them, well-known Chinese geographer and writer Li Daoyuan, in the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534), composed his book, Commentary on the Water Classics, after studying the original literary version, Water Classics.(其中，中国著名地理学家、作家郦道元在北魏（386-534）对《水经》原著进行研究后，撰写了《水经注》一书)”可知，《水经注》是基于对之前《水经》一书的研究。故选D项。
25．
词义猜测题。根据划线词前“To solve that, on the northern side of the canal branch, the officials built a reservoir (水库) and a channel to lead the water to the canal branch(为了解决这个问题，官员们在运河支流的北侧建了一个水库和一个渠道，把水引到运河支流)”及划线词后“flow together to the city(一起流向城市)”可知，此处指水在支流汇合然后一起流入城市，converge意为“汇合”。故选A项。
26．
主旨大意题。根据第四段“Still, the process of recreation takes much effort. After doing a lot of text analysis and fieldwork, the team has gradually created the model with 3D modelling software based on repeated deductions(推论).(然而，娱乐的过程需要很多努力。经过大量的文本分析和实地调查，团队在反复推演的基础上，用3D建模软件逐步建立模型)”可知，本段主要讲述重建模型的复杂过程。故选C项。
27．
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段中“They have been using drawing software and 3D modelling to recreate the waterway situations on a map based on the book description.(他们一直在使用绘图软件和3D建模，在地图上根据书中的描述重现水道情况)”可知，文章主要讲述复旦大学李晓杰教授及其团队根据《水经注》的描述，使用绘图软件和3D建模重现了水道情况。故B项“古代经典启发现代研究”适合作为文章标题。故选B项。
28．D
29．C
30．D
31．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一张名为《座头鲸之歌》唱片，这种唱片拯救了许多鲸鱼的生命。
28．
推理判断题。文章第一段引出《座头鲸之歌》唱片；第二至五段介绍该唱片的由来；第六段介绍该唱片的一大价值，即引导人们开始拯救鲸鱼；最后一段总结全文。所以文章的目的就是介绍《座头鲸之歌》唱片及其背后的故事。故选D项。
29．
细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“The album might never have been made if it hadn’t been for a sound engineer named Frank Watlington.”（要不是音响师弗兰克·沃特林顿，这张唱片就不可能被制作出来。）可知，是一名音响师发现了鲸鱼特殊的声音。故选C项。
30．
细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句“Katy Payne studied music as well as biology, and she was amazed by how the whales communicate like an opera singer.”（凯蒂·佩恩学习音乐和生物学，她对鲸鱼像歌剧演员一样交流感到惊讶。）可知，凯蒂·佩恩感到惊讶的是，鲸鱼像歌剧演员一样交流，也就是通过歌声来交流。故选D项。
31．
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的第一句“The album led people to start the Save the Whales movement.”（这张唱片引导人们开展拯救鲸鱼行动。）可知，这张唱片让人们想要拯救鲸鱼，以及由该段最后三句“In 1982, the deep-sea whaling was banned. Before the ban, more than 50,000 whales per year were killed. After it, the number went down below 2,000.”（1982年，深海捕鲸被禁止。禁令发布之前，每年有超过50000头鲸鱼被捕杀；发布之后，该数字降到了2000头以下。）可知，这张唱片还促使人们发布了深海捕鲸的禁令，禁令发布之后，鲸鱼被捕杀的数量大大减少了，所以这张唱片成功地阻止了人们深海捕鲸。故选A项。
32．B
33．A
34．D
35．A
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科技对教育产生的影响和给学生的学习生活带来的便利。
32．
推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“Last Saturday, when my grandfather got frustrated at the name of the singer of a song, I grabbed my smartphone and found it in seconds. This astonished my grandfather, who didn’t understand how I’d checked the information so quickly.”（上周六，当我祖父对一首歌的歌手的名字感到沮丧时，我抓起我的智能手机，几秒钟后就找到了。这让我的祖父大吃一惊，他不明白我怎么这么快就查到了这些信息。）可知，作者在第一段中提到祖父对现代科技的惊叹；根据第二段关键句“When I reflected on its impact on my education, I saw that technology has been significant in many ways.”（当我反思它对我的教育的影响时，我发现技术在很多方面都很重要。）可知，下文主要介绍了科技对教育产生的影响，由此可推断出，作者提到他祖父的故事是为了吸引读者对文章话题的注意力。故选B项。
33．
推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“Returning to the story of my grandfather, he had asked me more about how I used it and about university life. He said he thought we had an easy life compared to previous generations. I could see his point.”（回到我祖父的故事，他问了我更多关于我如何使用它和关于大学生活的问题。他说，他认为与前几代人相比，我们的生活很轻松。我明白他的意思。）可知，作者的祖父认为在科学技术的帮助下，我们的生活更轻松、更便捷了，由此可知，祖父对科技作用的态度是支持的，认为科技是有利的。故选A项。
34．
推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“We can have face-to-face time with our tutors, and also communicate using our electronic devices. The most popular means is via social media, and it has become unacceptable for messages to be unanswered for any length of time. While this puts an extra stress on the university’s academic support team, we students are greatly benefited.”（我们可以与导师面对面交流，也可以使用电子设备进行交流。最受欢迎的方式是通过社交媒体，任何时间都没有回复的消息是不可接受的。虽然这给大学的学术支持团队带来了额外的压力，但我们学生从中受益匪浅。）可知，因为科技的发展，我们可以利用电子设备和社交媒体随时和学术支持团队进行沟通，线上留言，这导致学术支持团队不得不回答学生的所有的问题，给他们带来了额外的压力，由此可知，技术给学术支持团队带来的新挑战是回答学生的所有询问。故选D项。
35．
推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“In fact, students are doing what they’ve always done: embracing the resources available and adapting them to work more efficiently and to live more enjoyably.The pace of change in technology continuously gathers speed, so we have to value each innovation as it happens.”（事实上，学生们正在做他们一直在做的事情：接受可用的资源，并调整它们去更高效地工作和更愉快地生活。技术变革的步伐在不断加快，所以我们必须在每一项创新发生时予以重视。）可知，学生应该接受并充分利用科技，去更高效地工作和更愉快地生活，由此可知，从最后一段可以得出的结论是学生应该充分利用技术。故选A项。
阅读理解
Most of us have experienced being introduced to someone new only to forget his name within seconds. But why is it often easy to remember a person’s face but so difficult to remember what he’s called?
A new video explains that is due to the way our brains process random data. The video, called “why do you forget their name?” was produced by Mitchell Moffit and Greg Brown from YouTube channel AsapSCIENCE. The pair explained our brains are born to recognize facial details and that specific brain cells fire in response to seeing a face.
The University of Toronto, for example, found when looking for faces in a crowd the frontal cortex (额叶皮层)sends signals to the posterior visual cortex(后视觉皮层)to enhance what the person was looking at. But because names are random and hold no specific information in them, the brain struggles to remember them.
The video continued to show when meeting people for the first time, many of us focus on introducing ourselves and this is known as the “next-in-line effect”. Instead of watching and listening to the other person, the brain starts focusing on its own routine — what I’ll say and how I’ll say it. As a result, we’re not able to take in new information.
In an experiment by Texas Christian University, researchers asked people in a group to take turns introducing themselves. They then tested them to see which information they remembered. A participant’s memory was accurate for each fellow group member except for the person who spoke before them. For these people, the participants failed to recall any or little information.
Also, brains have both short and long-term memory and the short-term memory is often called “working memory”. This can only hold so much information and if the brain doesn’t focus, or repeat it, the information fades.
1．Why are names hard to remember?
A．There is little detailed information in names.
B．Names are specific to each individual person.
C．The human brain responds to names too slowly.
D．Names are regarded as useless information.
2．What do we know about the “next-in-line effect”?
A．It makes it hard to identify a person.
B．It causes a temporary loss of memory.
C．It worsens the ability to listen to others.
D．It blocks the reception of new information.
3．What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 5?
A．Add some background information.
B．Introduce a new topic for discussion.
C．Explain the previous paragraph further.
D．Provide another experiment for reference.
Michael Jackson had Bubbles, a chimpanzee(黑猩猩). Justin Bieber had Og Mally, a capuchin(卷尾猴), until it was seized by German customs officials and put in a zoo. Rihanna has been photographed bottle-feeding a baby monkey on holiday. The stars would find few fans in the British government, which on December 12, 2020 placed new restrictions on keeping primates(灵长目动物)as pets. Somewhere between 1,000 and 5,000 marmoserts, lemurs, tamarins and other little species of primates are kept in private ownership in Britain, the government says, often bored to misery.
One of the benefits of cutting loose from the European continent is that Britain can fully express its passion for animals. Politicians are only too happy to work for it, for pet-friendly policies are cheap and popular. In the previous election, the Tory Party promised to help reunite missing pets with their owners by making it compulsory to put chips into the bodies of cats and dogs, and to deal with animal smuggling(走私). The Labour Party promised to ban the live-boiling of lobsters in restaurants.
Yet, Britain’s animal welfare laws are already among the most comprehensive in the world, according to the Animal Protection Index.
Wild animals in traveling circuses were banned by law last year, but a decreasing public appetite for parades of elephants and tigers balanced on chairs had already put an end to the business. By the time the ban came into force, only two licensed animal circuses were left in Britain. Members of Parliament are moved by the sad loss of pets because of motor accidents. James Daly has proposed Gizmo’s Law, named after a cat, the victim of a hit-and-run accident, which was burned without its owner’s knowledge. The law requires that dead animals be brought back from the roadside to scan them for microchips, so that they can be reunited with their brokenhearted owners rather than being burned without their names being known. A draft bill in 2018 proposed criminalizing drivers who failed to stop after striking a cat. Hit-and-runs on dogs, pigs, goats and humans are already illegal.
4．What does the author want to introduce by mentioning the three stars in Paragraph 1?
A．A recent pet-friendly policy in Britain.
B．British people’s passion for animals.
C．A trend towards keeping primates as pets.
D．The present situation of primates in Britain.
5．What do we know about Britain’s politicians?
A．They’re two-faced about animal welfare.
B．They disapprove of European animal welfare.
C．They used to blame each other on animal welfare.
D．They devoted to making laws on animal welfare.
6．Why are dead animals in Gizmo’s Law scanned?
A．To track the hit-and-run driver.
B．To help the animals find their way home.
C．To inform their owners of the accidents.
D．To find out the exact locations of the accidents.
7．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Animal welfare: all you need to know
B．Could Britain be a leader in animal welfare?
C．Could animal welfare plans be smart politics?
D．Animal welfare: a favorite issue for politicians.
NEW DELHI-Acupuncture has become a bridge of friendship between India and China, with more Indians accepting the form of traditional Chinese medicine over the past few decades, experts say.
Acupuncture, a technique to cure various illnesses, was introduced in India in 1959 by B．K. Basu in the eastern city of Kolkata, capital of West Bengal state, according to Mrigendranath Gantait, president of the Acupuncture Association of India. Over the past six decades, it has spread to rural, semi-urban and urban areas in India, particularly in the states of West Bengal, Maharashtra and Punjab.
Acupuncture therapy in India is related to the story of the Indian medical mission that was sent to China to provide medical assistance during the Chinese people’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-1945). Basu, as a colleague of Dwarkanath Kotnis (widely known as Ke Dihua in China) and a torchbearer of the Indian medical mission, stayed in China from 1938 to 1943,and later worked for 43 years in India until his death in 1986. From 1958 to 1959, Basu stayed in China to learn acupuncture before introducing the needle techniques in India. In 1973, Basu was invited to China to learn newly developed acupuncture anesthesia (麻醉).
From the very beginning, Basu tried to spread acupuncture to doctors by free teaching to broad masses of people. Basu, who established the Dr. Dwarkanath Kotnis Memorial Committee and the Acupuncture Association of India, donated his house and savings to the government of West Bengal state for the purpose of acupuncture development.
Under the leadership of the committee, free health service clinics have been set up where acupuncture is taken as the main treatment modality (模式), because the cost of acupuncture treatment is low, and acupuncture is effective for many ailments. The committee has also produced many acupuncturists who run these clinics without taking any remuneration (报酬), according to Gantait.
“Acupuncture has played a unique role to promote people’s friendship between India and China,” he says. “When Basu returned to India after learning acupuncture anesthesia, the Indian media described it as acupuncture diplomacy, and it was highly praised in the country.”
8．According to the passage, which of the following is true about acupuncture therapy in India?
A．It was developed by B．K. Basu, a great doctor.
B．It is more popular in the capital than in the countryside.
C．It has played a unique role in producing acupuncturists.
D．It is effective for many diseases and it is free of charge.
9．The purpose of Paragraph 3 is to ______.
A．introduce Dr. Basu’s experience in China
B．explain how Dr. Basu learned acupuncture in China
C．give some background information about acupuncture therapy in India
D．show how India and China benefited each other in acupuncture therapy
10．The passage is most probably taken from ______.
A．a history textbook
B．a news website
C．a medical report
D．a travelling brochure
11．Which of the following may be the best title for the passage?
A．Basu-An Acupuncture Expert
B．Indian Acupuncture Working Well
C．Acupuncture Diplomacy in India
D．Acupuncture-A Point of Friendship
Engaging in just one hour of leisure-time physical activity per week can reduce your risk of future depression, according to a new study — which is the largest and most extensive of its kind to date.
The findings of this study suggest that surprisingly small amounts of low-intensity physical activity (60 minutes of exercise per week, without becoming breathless or sweating) can protect against future depression, regardless of age or gender. This adds to a growing body of evidence that small doses of physical activity can contribute to huge psychological and physical health benefits.
This international research team was led by the Black Dog Institute in Australia who conducted an in-depth analysis of the Health Study of Nord-Trondelag County (HUNT study). HUNT involved 33,908 male and female Norwegian adults who had their levels of exercise and symptoms of depression and anxiety monitored over an 11-year period.
At the beginning of the HUNT study, all participants were asked to report their frequency of weekly exercise and their degree of aerobic intensity: (1) without becoming breathless or sweating, (2) becoming breathless and sweating, or (3) exhausting themselves.
During the follow-up stage of the study, participants completed a self-report questionnaire (the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) to indicate any emerging anxiety or depression over the years. Notably, the researchers found that people did not have to become breathless, sweaty, or exhaust themselves to reap psychological benefits from exercise. In fact, the authors observed that low levels of aerobic intensity were just as effective as moderate-to- vigorous physical activity (MVPA)in terms of protecting against future depression.
In a statement, lead author, Samuel Harvey, added: “We’ve known for some time that exercise has a role to play in treating symptoms of depression, but this is the first time we have been able to quantify the preventative potential of physical activity in terms of reducing future levels of depression. These findings are exciting because they show that even relatively small amounts of exercise-from one hour per week-can deliver significant protection against depression.”
The authors conclude: “Given that the intensity of exercise does not appear to be important, it may be that the most effective public health measures are those that encourage and facilitate increased levels of everyday activities, such as walking or cycling. The results presented in this study provide a strong argument in favor of further exploration of exercise as a strategy for the prevention of depression.”
12．What’s new in the findings of the IIT study?
A．It involved the most participants in one research of its kind.
B．Exercise plays a positive role in treating symptoms of depression.
C．Those who enjoy exercising every week are less likely to suffer depression.
D．Exercise is described specifically in frequency and intensity to prevent depression.
13．We can learn from Paragraph 5 that in the following part of the study________.
A．researchers asked participants about their mental health
B．participants answered questions related to physical exercises
C．participants answered questions related to their mental health
D．researchers found that MVPA can help prevent future depression
14．How was the HUNT study carried out?
A．By carrying out interviews. B．By conducting surveys.
C．By engaging in physical activities. D．By studying Norwegians health state.
15．Which of the following statements would the researchers most probably agree with?
A．To avoid depression, one should perform everyday activities.
B．Jogging until one sweats is better than walking or cycling every day.
C．Depression victims should be encouraged to perform less intense sports.
D．Exercise as a possible means of depression prevention deserves further study.
CrossRoads Create, a social media app developed by four seniors who are now studying at the University of Rochester, aims to provide a platform to bring teams together for projects.
While Sharfuz Shifat was working at the Meliora LaunchPad-a student organization he co-founded-in his second year at the university, Shifat had the vision of making an efficient social media network for people to work on their ideas. “The world would be a better place if you could easily find people who have the same interests, vision and relevant skills to build something,” he said. He then reached out to Carolyn Zelicof, Andrew Nyaisonga and Sandesh Paudel.
“I got a text from Sharfuz saying he was looking for a user experience designer, and I thought this project was really exciting,” Zelicof said.
With their team assembled, the four co-founders were now ready to materialize their vision. CrossRoads Create currently has a landing page where you can sign up to become a user and provide feedback on the product. Site visitors are met with the logo and the motto: “Where ideas meet execution.”
Minimizing cost was one of the main challenges of the development process. The two engineers, Nyaisonga and Paudel, were able to develop the platform without indirect costs while keeping the ability of a business or system to grow larger in mind. Nyaisonga explained: “There is an easier way to do something, but it might not be cheap. So, we had to choose the harder way for some things.” On the design side, Zelicof, the lead user interface and user experience designer, spoke of the challenge of building a good user experience from an idea, as well as satisfying her team’s expectations. Juggling schoolwork, job applications, and the app development was another curveball thrown their way. “But when you’re really passionate about it, you can do it. Not everyone has to drop out of college to build a startup.” Shifat said.
CrossRoads Create will be launched this week, and the founders have been busy preparing their launch strategy, promoting their product through extensive use of social media marketing campaigns, maintaining their landing page, and interacting with the Center for Startups.
16．What do we know about Sharfuz Shifat?
A．He founded Meliora LaunchPad after his graduation from university.
B．He is responsible for improving the experience of the app users.
C．He thinks it more important to start a business than pursue a degree.
D．He is involved in promoting their app through social media.
17．Why did Nyaisonga prefer the hard way of developing the platform?
A．Because it is money-saving.
B．Because it allows the app to grow.
C．Because it quickens development process.
D．Because it takes time to get feedback from users.
18．What does “curveball” in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A．Interest. B．Ambition. C．Difficulty. D．Confusion.
19．Which of the following was NOT one of the challenges they faced?
A．Meeting the expectations of their teammates.
B．Striking a balance between schoolwork and app development.
C．Having access to the resources provided by the Center for Startups.
D．Turning their thoughts about improving user experience into a reality.
Running is undoubtedly a healthy lifestyle, but it is difficult to stick to it. I still remember one 50-minute run in particular in the spring of 2018. I made a detailed plan at first and immediately began creating a long list of excuses as to why this was simply just not going to work, why I wasn’t fit enough and why I would fail. I was afraid that I had no confidence in my plan. Before I even tied my shoes, I’d already convinced myself I couldn’t do that.
How would it go? I had quit the workout mentally before I even started. Who knows how many times I stopped and restarted my watch? I spent an awfully long afternoon sitting by the road feeling sorry for myself. One bad workout would even upset me for days. I questioned my fitness gradually and cut more workouts short. And pretty soon, my fitness gradually came to a steady level or moved backward.
The problem I gradually realized was that I treated my entire training plan like a tempo run—hard, fast, strict. In a tempo run, if you don’t hit your pace early, it’s nearly impossible to catch up. Therefore, I realized I needed to treat my training like my favorite workout: the long run. I love ignoring my watch, settling into a relaxing pace, enjoying the route and focusing on only one goal—finishing. I love that I can have a bad mile in the middle and still end up strong.
Now, when I set a new goal and write a new training plan, I have what I call “the long-run mindset”. I find success and value in my training because I’m not eager for immediate results as before. Yes, there is still an important place for hard fast tempo runs, but I have shifted my attitude to thinking bigger than short-term outcomes and work towards lifelong success.
20．How did the author first feel about his running plan?
A．Positive. B．Convinced. C．Unsure. D．Unafraid.
21．What can we infer about the author from paragraph 2?
A．He had a poor-quality watch. B．He had a loser’s mental state.
C．His health was improving rapidly. D．His training plan was easy to follow.
22．How did the author manage to solve his problem?
A．By ignoring the finishing line. B．By finding a tense workout pace.
C．By forgetting his previous achievements. D．By treating the training in a different way.
23．What message does the author try to tell us?
A．Doing is better than saying. B．Think twice before you leap.
C．A good plan makes a good ending. D．It’s an attitude of mind that counts.
For thousands of years, Chinese writers have travelled all over the country to take down notes about the geographical conditions of each city. Among them, well-known Chinese geographer and writer Li Daoyuan, in the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534), composed his book, Commentary on the Water Classics, after studying the original literary version, Water Classics. He later expanded the river records to 1, 252 from the original 137.
The book is now being studied again by Professor Li Xiaojie and his team from Fudan University. They have been using drawing software and 3D modelling to recreate the waterway situations on a map based on the book description. So far, they have completed research on four rivers.
“Ancient people knew really well how to apply the power of nature to technical considerations,”Li said, giving the example of Qianjin’e, one of the most famous ancient water conservation projects in Luoyang, Henan. In order to lead the river into the city for irrigation (灌溉) in ancient Luoyang, the officials built a canal branch by separating a northwest-southeast river. However, the canal water wasn't enough to support the citizens in dry seasons. To solve that, on the northern side of the canal branch, the officials built a reservoir (水库) and a channel to lead the water to the canal branch, where the waterways would converge and flow together to the city.
In Commentary on the Water Classics, a total of 2, 800 cities are recorded with details. Still, the process of recreation takes much effort. After doing a lot of text analysis and fieldwork, the team has gradually created the model with 3D modelling software based on repeated deductions (推论).
For Professor Li, the book is not only a record of the natural landscape over 1, 000 years ago, but also a detailed description of humanity and culture and a treasure for today’s reference.
24．What can we learn about the book Commentary on the Water Classics?
A．It has been out of date. B．It explains 3D modelling.
C．It keeps records of 137 rivers. D．It is based on previous studies.
25．What does the underlined word “converge” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．Join. B．Pass. C．Cross. D．Begin.
26．What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about model recreation?
A．Its major problems. B．Its detailed analysis.
C．Its complex process. D．Its successful application.
27．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．3D Technology Fuels Modern Research
B．Ancient Classics Inspire Modern Research
C．An Effective Approach to Model Recreation
D．A Famous Writer of Chinese Ancient Classics
The top-selling album (唱片) Songs of the Humpback Whale was released in 1970. This collection of nature recordings changed the way many people thought about whales and eventually helped save thousands of whales’ lives.
The album might never have been made if it hadn’t been for a sound engineer named Frank Watlington. In the 1960s, Watlington was making underwater recordings when he noticed some strange, deep sounds, which he realized were coming from whales.
Watlington played the recordings for a pair of biologists named Roger and Katy Payne. When they listened, they were instantly hooked on the beauty of the whales’ voices.
Katy Payne studied music as well as biology, and she was amazed by how the whales communicate like an opera singer. She also noticed another interesting detail: they had recognizable patterns. In biology terms, an animal call with a repeating pattern is called a song. The songs of whales are so complex that some scientists have even compared them to composers and poets.
The Paynes thought that other people needed to hear the beauty of the whales’ songs, so Roger organized the recordings into an album. At the time when the album came out, whales were often hunted and traded for money and some whale species were dying out. Most people had never thought of whales as creatures that could communicate through songs. But after hearing the album, many people began to think differently.
The album led people to start the Save the Whales movement. Musicians began using whale songs in their music, and whales were included in movies and television shows. In 1982, the deep-sea whaling was banned. Before the ban, more than 50,000 whales per year were killed. After it, the number went down below 2,000.
It might seem incredible that just one album could help save the lives of so many whales. But this one-of-a-kind album revealed secrets long hidden beneath the waves and allowed these amazing creatures to finally share their songs with the human world.
28．What is the purpose of the passage?
A．To call on people to save whales. B．To prove that whales are born singers.
C．To explain how a good album was made. D．To introduce a popular album and its stories.
29．Who first found the special voices of the whales?
A．A song recorder. B．An opera singer.
C．A sound engineer. D．A pair of biologists.
30．What surprised Katy Payne about the whales?
A．They could talk with scientists. B．They could sing like an opera singer.
C．They could repeat interesting sounds. D．They could communicate through songs.
31．Which is one of the values of the album?
A．It successfully stopped deep-sea whaling. B．It helped people understand whales better.
C．It made some music and movie stars popular. D．It encouraged musicians to work with scientists.
Last Saturday, when my grandfather got frustrated at the name of the singer of a song, I grabbed my smartphone and found it in seconds. This astonished my grandfather, who didn’t understand how I’d checked the information so quickly. I laughed and explained, but afterwards, it made me think about how much I depend on technology.
When I reflected on its impact on my education, I saw that technology has been significant in many ways. Returning to the story of my grandfather, he had asked me more about how I used it and about university life. He said he thought we had an easy life compared to previous generations. I could see his point.
Not only are we lucky enough to have the same educational benefits as those of previous generations, but we have so many more. We still have walk-in libraries; however, the only option for studying used to be sitting in these libraries with as many books from your reading list as you could find, yet now a single search online can immediately provide access to a huge range of resources. Interaction between students and university staff is another area that has changed considerably. We can have face-to-face time with our tutors, and also communicate using our electronic devices. The most popular means is via social media, and it has become unacceptable for messages to be unanswered for any length of time. While this puts an extra stress on the university’s academic support team, we students are greatly benefited.
When we compare the student life of the past and the present, it is tempting to focus on the obvious differences in technology. In fact, students are doing what they’ve always done: embracing the resources available and adapting them to work more efficiently and to live more enjoyably. The pace of change in technology continuously gathers speed, so we have to value each innovation as it happens.
32．Why does the author mention the story of his grandfather?
A．To share an interesting experience. B．To draw readers’ attention to the topic.
C．To provide an example for his opinion. D．To arouse readers’ concern about a problem.
33．What is the grandfather’s attitude towards the role of technology?
A．Favourable. B．Tolerant. C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.
34．What is a new challenge technology brings to the academic support team?
A．Using various electronic devices. B．Scheduling online communication.
C．Providing more flexible reading lists. D．Responding to all inquiries from students.
35．What can be concluded from the last paragraph?
A．Students should make full use of technology.
B．Students should value the time and enjoy their life.
C．We should take technological differences seriously.
D．We should resist the temptation of up-coming innovation.
参考答案
1．A
2．D
3．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文为一篇说明文。主要对为什么我们更加容易记住别人的脸而不是名字这一问题进行了解释。
1．
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“But because names are random and hold no specific information in them, the brain struggles to remember them.（但是因为名字是随意的，且不包含特殊信息，因此大脑很难记住它们。）”可知，名字很难被记住的原因是因为名字不包含什么具体细节性的信息，故选A。
2．
细节理解题。根据文章第四段中next-in-line effect后文的解释“Instead of watching and listening to the other person, the brain starts focusing on its own routine — what I’ll say and how I’ll say it. As a result, we’re not able to take in new information.（大脑不会去观察和倾听另一个人所说的话，而是去注重自己的行为——我应该说什么呢？我应该怎样来说呢？因此，我们就无法吸收新的信息。）”可知，“依次失真效应”是大脑关注自己行为的一种效应，而无法吸收新的信息，故它阻挡了新信息的接收，故选D。
3．
推理判断题。文章第四段提出了“依次失真效应”会阻止大脑接受新的信息，根据第五段“In an experiment by Texas Christian University, researchers asked people in a group to take turns introducing themselves. They then tested them to see which information they remembered.（在一次由德克萨斯基督教大学做的一项实验中，研究者让一组的人轮流介绍自己。然后他们做测试，看他们记住了那些信息。）”可知，第五段主要是做实验来证明第四段中“依次失真效应”，故第五段的目的在于进一步解释上一段，故选C。
4．C
5．D
6．C
7．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是说明文。文章讲述了英国的动物福利法律的有关内容，介绍其设立的原因等
4．
推理判断题。根据第一段的“The stars would find few fans in the British government, which on December 12, 2020 placed new restrictions on keeping primates(灵长目动物)as pets. Somewhere between 1,000 and 5,000 marmoserts, lemurs, tamarins and other little species of primates are kept in private ownership in Britain, the government says, often bored to misery.( 2020年12月12日，英国政府出台了新的限制措施，禁止饲养灵长类动物作为宠物。 政府说，在英国，大约有1000到5000只狨猴、狐猴、绢毛猴和其他小型灵长类动物被私人豢养，它们经常无聊到痛苦)”可推断，作者在前文提到三只明星灵长类动物是为了介绍人们把灵长类动物作为宠物的趋势。故选C。
5．
细节理解题。根据第二段的“One of the benefits of cutting loose from the European continent is that Britain can fully express its passion for animals. Politicians are only too happy to work for it, for pet-friendly policies are cheap and popular.(英国脱欧后的一大好处便是可以充分表达其对动物的热情。政客们之所以乐此不疲，是因为宠物福利政策成本低廉且深受欢迎)”可知，英国的政客们致力于制定有关动物福利的政策。故选D。
6．
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Members of Parliament are moved by the sad loss of pets because of motor accidents. James Daly has proposed Gizmo’s Law, named after a cat, the victim of a hit-and-run accident, which was burned without its owner’s knowledge. The law requires that dead animals be brought back from the roadside to scan them for microchips, so that they can be reunited with their brokenhearted owners rather than being burned without their names being known.( 国会议员们被车祸导致的宠物的悲惨损失所感动。詹姆斯·戴利提出了“吉兹莫法”，以一只猫的名字命名，它是一场肇事逃逸事故的受害者，在主人不知情的情况下被火化了。该法律规定，死去的动物从路边带回来，扫描它们的微芯片，以便伤心的主人能够和它们见上最后一面，而不该在不知其身份信息的情况下直接火化)”可知，“吉兹莫法”法律规定死去的动物被扫描，是为了告知主人事故的发生。故选C。
7．
主旨大意题。根据第三段内容“Yet, Britain’s animal welfare laws are already among the most comprehensive in the world, according to the Animal Protection Index.(然而，根据“动物保护指数”的数据，英国已经拥有世界上最全面的动物福利法律之一了)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了英国的动物福利法律有关内容，讲述了其设立的原因等，因此推断A项“动物福利：所有你需要知道的事情”为最佳标题。故选A。
8．D
9．C
10．B
11．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍针灸在印度的发展以及印度的针灸发展背后的故事，还有针灸在促进中印人民友谊方面发挥了独特的作用。
8．
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“acupuncture is effective for many ailments. The committee has also produced many acupuncturists who run these clinics without taking any remuneration(针灸对许多疾病都有效。该委员会还培养了许多针灸师，他们经营这些诊所不收取任何报酬)”可知，针灸疗法对许多疾病都有效，而且是免费的。故选D。
9．
推理判断题。根据第三段的“Acupuncture therapy in India is related to the story of the Indian medical mission that was sent to China to provide medical assistance during the Chinese people’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-1945).(印度的针灸疗法与中国人民抗日战争(1931-1945)期间，印度派遣医疗队到中国提供医疗援助的故事有关。)”可知，第三段的目的是提供一些关于印度针灸疗法的背景信息，故选C。
10．
推理判断题。根据第一段的“NEW DELHI-Acupuncture has become a bridge of friendship between India and China, with more Indians accepting the form of traditional Chinese medicine over the past few decades, experts say.(新德里——专家称，在过去的几十年里，越来越多的印度人接受传统中医，针灸已经成为印度和中国之间的一座友谊桥梁。)”可知，文章出自一个新闻网站，故选B。
11．
主旨大意题。根据第一段的“NEW DELHI-Acupuncture has become a bridge of friendship between India and China, with more Indians accepting the form of traditional Chinese medicine over the past few decades, experts say.(新德里——专家称，在过去的几十年里，越来越多的印度人接受传统中医，针灸已经成为印度和中国之间的一座友谊桥梁。)”和最后一段的“Acupuncture has played a unique role to promote people’s friendship between India and China(针灸为促进中印两国人民的友谊发挥了独特作用)”可知，本文主要介绍针灸在印度的发展以及印度的针灸发展背后的故事，还有针灸在促进中印人民友谊方面发挥了独特的作用，因此最好的题目是D选项“Acupuncture-A Point of Friendship(针灸——友谊的象征)”，故选D。
12．D
13．C
14．B
15．D
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是一项最新研究表明，每周进行一小时的休闲体育活动可以降低未来患抑郁症的风险。这项研究是迄今为止规模最大、范围最广的同类研究。
12．
推理判断题。根据第三段中“HUNT involved 33,908 male and female Norwegian adults who had their levels of exercise and symptoms of depression and anxiety monitored over an 11-year period.(这项研究对33，908名挪威男性和女性成年人进行了为期11年的监测，他们的运动水平以及抑郁和焦虑症状)”以及第四段“At the beginning of the HUNT study, all participants were asked to report their frequency of weekly exercise and their degree of aerobic intensity:(1) without becoming breathless or sweating, (2) becoming breathless and sweating,
or (3) exhausting themselves. (在HUNT研究开始时，所有参与者都被要求报告他们每周的运动频率和有氧强度：（1）不喘气或出汗，（2）不喘气和出汗，或（3）精疲力竭)”可知，HUNT研究发现主要新在运动的频率和强度对预防抑郁有专门的描述。故选D项。
13．
推理判断题。根据第五段“During the follow-up stage of the study, participants completed a self-report questionnaire (the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) to indicate any emerging anxiety or depression over the years.(在研究的后续阶段，参与者完成了一份自我报告问卷（医院焦虑和抑郁量表），以表明这些年来任何出现的焦虑或抑郁)”可知，第五段中参与者回答了与他们的心理健康有关的问题。故选C项。
14．
推理判断题。根据第四段“At the beginning of the HUNT study, all participants were asked to report their frequency of weekly exercise and their degree of aerobic intensity:(1) without becoming breathless or sweating, or (3) exhausting themselves. (在HUNT研究开始时，所有参与者都被要求报告他们每周的运动频率和有氧强度：（1）不喘气或出汗，（2）不喘气和出汗，或（3）精疲力竭)”以及第五段中“During the follow-up stage of the study, participants completed a self-report questionnaire (the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) to indicate any emerging anxiety or depression over the years. Notably, the researchers found that people did not have to become breathless，sweaty, or exhaust themselves to reap psychological benefits from exercise. (在研究的后续阶段,参与者完成了一份自我报告问卷（医院焦虑和抑郁量表），以表明这些年来任何出现的焦虑或抑郁。值得注意的是，研究人员发现，人们并不需要上气不接下气、大汗淋漓或精疲力竭才能从锻炼中获得心理上的好处)”可推出，HUNT研究是通过调查来进行的。故选B项。
15．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The results presented in this study provide a strong argument in favor of further exploration of exercise as a strategy for the prevention of depression. (这项研究的结果为进一步探索运动作为一种预防抑郁症的策略提供了有力的论据)”可推出，研究人员很可能会同意运动作为一种预防抑郁症的可能手段值得进一步研究。故选D项。
16．D
17．A
18．C
19．C
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由罗切斯特大学的四名大四学生开发的一款社交媒体应用CrossRoads Create，旨在为项目团队提供一个平台。
16．
细节理解题。第二段第一句提到“While Sharfuz Shifat was working at the Meliora LaunchPad-a student organization he co-founded-in his second year at the university, Shifat had the vision of making an efficient social media network for people to work on their ideas. （当Sharfuz Shifat在Meliora launchpad(一个他在大学二年级时共同创立的学生组织)工作时，Shifat有一个愿景，那就是打造一个高效的社交媒体网络，让人们实现自己的想法）”由此判断，他致力于打造一个高效的社交网络，且最后一段提到“ the founders have been busy preparing their launch strategy, promoting their product through extensive use of social media marketing campaigns（创始人一直在忙着准备他们的启动策略，通过广泛使用社交媒体营销活动来推广他们的产品）”由此判断，Shifat在他们软件准备上线的阶段使用了社交媒体来进行软件的推广。故选D。
17．
推理判断题。第五段第一句提到“Minimizing cost was one of the main challenges of the development process. （降低成本是开发过程中的主要挑战之一。）”在该段提到“Nyaisonga explained: “There is an easier way to do something, but it might not be cheap. So, we had to choose the harder way for some things.”（Nyaisonga解释说:“有一种更简单的方法来做某事，但它可能不便宜。所以，我们必须为一些事情选择更艰难的方式。”）”由此判断，Nyaisonga选择更艰难的方式来完成应用的开发，是为了降低成本。故选A。
18．
词义猜测题。第五段第一句提到“Minimizing cost was one of the main challenges of the development process. （降低成本是开发过程中的主要挑战之一。）”在该段提到“Juggling schoolwork, job applications, and the app development（同时兼顾学业、工作申请和应用程序开发）”，因为这个应用是由四名大学生开发的，因此他们在应用开发的过程中面临着很多的困难，降低成本只是他们面临的主要挑战之一。A. Interest兴趣；B. Ambition野心；C. Difficulty困难；D. Confusion结论。故选C。
19．
细节理解题。第五段提到“On the design side, Zelicof, the lead user interface and user experience designer, spoke of the challenge of building a good user experience from an idea, as well as satisfying her team’s expectations. （在设计方面，首席用户界面和用户体验设计师Zelicof谈到了从一个想法构建一个良好的用户体验，以及满足她的团队的期望所面临的挑战。）应用软件的开发，不仅要满足用户的体验，还要满足团队的期待。A项Meeting the expectations of their teammates.（满足团队的期望。）符合文意。在该段提到“Juggling schoolwork, job applications, and the app development（同时兼顾学业、工作申请和应用程序开发）”由此判断，这些人要平衡学业和开发软件之间的关系，B项Striking a balance between schoolwork and app development.（平衡学业和应用程序开发。）符合文意。第二段提到“Shifat had the vision of making an efficient social media network for people to work on their ideas. （Shifat有一个愿景，那就是打造一个高效的社交媒体网络，让人们实现自己的想法。）”由此判断，怎样实现人们的想法，对于软件开发、应用也是一个挑战。D项Turning their thoughts about improving user experience into a reality.（把改善用户体验的想法变成现实。）符合文意。C项Having access to the resources provided by the Center for Startups.（能够使用创业中心提供的资源。）文中并未提到，只是在最后一段提到interacting with the Center for Startups.（和创业中心互动。），并不是使用创业中心提供的资源。故选C。
20．C
21．B
22．D
23．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在练习跑步的过程中心态的变化。
20．
推理判断题。根据第一段“I made a detailed plan at first and immediately began creating a long list of excuses as to why this was simply just not going to work, why I wasn’t fit enough and why I would fail. I was afraid that I had no confidence in my plan. Before I even tied my shoes, I’d already convinced myself I couldn’t do that. (一开始我制定了一个详细的计划，然后马上开始列举一长串的借口，比如为什么这个计划行不通，为什么我不够健康，为什么我会失败。我担心我对自己的计划没有信心。在我系鞋带之前，我就已经说服自己我做不到。)”推知，作者起初对跑步计划没有信心，因为他给自己找了一连串理由。故选C。
21．
推理判断题。根据第二段“I had quit the workout mentally before I even started. (在开始锻炼之前，我就已经在心理上放弃了。)”推知，作者拥有失败者的心态——他还没有开始锻炼心里就已经放弃了。故选B。
22．
细节理解题。根据第三段“Therefore, I realized I needed to treat my training like my favorite workout: the long run. I love ignoring my watch, settling into a relaxing pace, enjoying the route and focusing on only one goal—finishing. I love that I can have a bad mile in the middle and still end up strong.(因此，我意识到我需要像对待我最喜欢的运动一样对待我的训练：长跑。我喜欢无视我的手表，以轻松的节奏安顿下来，享受这条路线，只专注于完成一个目标。我喜欢我在中间跑了一英里后仍然很强壮)”可知，作者意识到自己的问题之后，开始以不同的方式对待训练。故选D。
23．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Yes, there is still an important place for hard fast tempo runs, but I have shifted my attitude to thinking bigger than short-term outcomes and work towards lifelong success.(是的，硬快节奏跑仍然有一个重要的位置，但我已经转变了我的态度，考虑更大的短期结果，并朝着终身的成功努力。)”及全文可知，作者刚开始跑步时会找各种理由，但之后转变了心态，这种转变也给自己带来了一些积极的变化。由此推知，作者主要想通过他的锻炼经历来告诉我们心态的重要性。故选D。
24．D
25．A
26．C
27．B
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了复旦大学李晓杰教授及其团队根据古代著作《水经注》的描述，使用绘图软件和3D建模重现了水道情况。
24．
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Among them, well-known Chinese geographer and writer Li Daoyuan, in the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534), composed his book, Commentary on the Water Classics, after studying the original literary version, Water Classics.(其中，中国著名地理学家、作家郦道元在北魏（386-534）对《水经》原著进行研究后，撰写了《水经注》一书)”可知，《水经注》是基于对之前《水经》一书的研究。故选D项。
25．
词义猜测题。根据划线词前“To solve that, on the northern side of the canal branch, the officials built a reservoir (水库) and a channel to lead the water to the canal branch(为了解决这个问题，官员们在运河支流的北侧建了一个水库和一个渠道，把水引到运河支流)”及划线词后“flow together to the city(一起流向城市)”可知，此处指水在支流汇合然后一起流入城市，converge意为“汇合”。故选A项。
26．
主旨大意题。根据第四段“Still, the process of recreation takes much effort. After doing a lot of text analysis and fieldwork, the team has gradually created the model with 3D modelling software based on repeated deductions(推论).(然而，娱乐的过程需要很多努力。经过大量的文本分析和实地调查，团队在反复推演的基础上，用3D建模软件逐步建立模型)”可知，本段主要讲述重建模型的复杂过程。故选C项。
27．
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段中“They have been using drawing software and 3D modelling to recreate the waterway situations on a map based on the book description.(他们一直在使用绘图软件和3D建模，在地图上根据书中的描述重现水道情况)”可知，文章主要讲述复旦大学李晓杰教授及其团队根据《水经注》的描述，使用绘图软件和3D建模重现了水道情况。故B项“古代经典启发现代研究”适合作为文章标题。故选B项。
28．D
29．C
30．D
31．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一张名为《座头鲸之歌》唱片，这种唱片拯救了许多鲸鱼的生命。
28．
推理判断题。文章第一段引出《座头鲸之歌》唱片；第二至五段介绍该唱片的由来；第六段介绍该唱片的一大价值，即引导人们开始拯救鲸鱼；最后一段总结全文。所以文章的目的就是介绍《座头鲸之歌》唱片及其背后的故事。故选D项。
29．
细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“The album might never have been made if it hadn’t been for a sound engineer named Frank Watlington.”（要不是音响师弗兰克·沃特林顿，这张唱片就不可能被制作出来。）可知，是一名音响师发现了鲸鱼特殊的声音。故选C项。
30．
细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句“Katy Payne studied music as well as biology, and she was amazed by how the whales communicate like an opera singer.”（凯蒂·佩恩学习音乐和生物学，她对鲸鱼像歌剧演员一样交流感到惊讶。）可知，凯蒂·佩恩感到惊讶的是，鲸鱼像歌剧演员一样交流，也就是通过歌声来交流。故选D项。
31．
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的第一句“The album led people to start the Save the Whales movement.”（这张唱片引导人们开展拯救鲸鱼行动。）可知，这张唱片让人们想要拯救鲸鱼，以及由该段最后三句“In 1982, the deep-sea whaling was banned. Before the ban, more than 50,000 whales per year were killed. After it, the number went down below 2,000.”（1982年，深海捕鲸被禁止。禁令发布之前，每年有超过50000头鲸鱼被捕杀；发布之后，该数字降到了2000头以下。）可知，这张唱片还促使人们发布了深海捕鲸的禁令，禁令发布之后，鲸鱼被捕杀的数量大大减少了，所以这张唱片成功地阻止了人们深海捕鲸。故选A项。
32．B
33．A
34．D
35．A
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科技对教育产生的影响和给学生的学习生活带来的便利。
32．
推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“Last Saturday, when my grandfather got frustrated at the name of the singer of a song, I grabbed my smartphone and found it in seconds. This astonished my grandfather, who didn’t understand how I’d checked the information so quickly.”（上周六，当我祖父对一首歌的歌手的名字感到沮丧时，我抓起我的智能手机，几秒钟后就找到了。这让我的祖父大吃一惊，他不明白我怎么这么快就查到了这些信息。）可知，作者在第一段中提到祖父对现代科技的惊叹；根据第二段关键句“When I reflected on its impact on my education, I saw that technology has been significant in many ways.”（当我反思它对我的教育的影响时，我发现技术在很多方面都很重要。）可知，下文主要介绍了科技对教育产生的影响，由此可推断出，作者提到他祖父的故事是为了吸引读者对文章话题的注意力。故选B项。
33．
推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“Returning to the story of my grandfather, he had asked me more about how I used it and about university life. He said he thought we had an easy life compared to previous generations. I could see his point.”（回到我祖父的故事，他问了我更多关于我如何使用它和关于大学生活的问题。他说，他认为与前几代人相比，我们的生活很轻松。我明白他的意思。）可知，作者的祖父认为在科学技术的帮助下，我们的生活更轻松、更便捷了，由此可知，祖父对科技作用的态度是支持的，认为科技是有利的。故选A项。
34．
推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“We can have face-to-face time with our tutors, and also communicate using our electronic devices. The most popular means is via social media, and it has become unacceptable for messages to be unanswered for any length of time. While this puts an extra stress on the university’s academic support team, we students are greatly benefited.”（我们可以与导师面对面交流，也可以使用电子设备进行交流。最受欢迎的方式是通过社交媒体，任何时间都没有回复的消息是不可接受的。虽然这给大学的学术支持团队带来了额外的压力，但我们学生从中受益匪浅。）可知，因为科技的发展，我们可以利用电子设备和社交媒体随时和学术支持团队进行沟通，线上留言，这导致学术支持团队不得不回答学生的所有的问题，给他们带来了额外的压力，由此可知，技术给学术支持团队带来的新挑战是回答学生的所有询问。故选D项。
35．
推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“In fact, students are doing what they’ve always done: embracing the resources available and adapting them to work more efficiently and to live more enjoyably.The pace of change in technology continuously gathers speed, so we have to value each innovation as it happens.”（事实上，学生们正在做他们一直在做的事情：接受可用的资源，并调整它们去更高效地工作和更愉快地生活。技术变革的步伐在不断加快，所以我们必须在每一项创新发生时予以重视。）可知，学生应该接受并充分利用科技，去更高效地工作和更愉快地生活，由此可知，从最后一段可以得出的结论是学生应该充分利用技术。故选A项。
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