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精品解析：广东省江门市第一中学2021-2022学年高二下学期第一次月考英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份精品解析：广东省江门市第一中学2021-2022学年高二下学期第一次月考英语试题（解析版），共27页。试卷主要包含了5分, 满分27等内容，欢迎下载使用。
江门一中2021-2022学年度第二学期第1次学段考试
高二级英语试卷
本试卷共11页, 满分为150分。考试用时120分钟。
第一部分阅读理解(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(共11小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分27.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Margie wrote about it that night in her diary, “Today Tommy found a real book!”
It was a very old book. Margie’s grandfather once said that when he was a little boy his grandfather told him that there was a time when all stories were printed on paper. They turned the pages, which were yellow and crinkly (皱巴巴的), and it was awfully funny to read words that stood still instead of moving the way they were supposed to-on a screen.
“What’s it about?”
“School.”
Margie was scornful. “School? What’s there to write about school?” Margie was always fed up with school. The mechanical teacher had been giving her test after test in geography. So she said to Tommy, “ Why would anyone write about school?” Tommy looked at her with very superior eyes, “Because it’s not our kind of school, stupid. This is the old kind of school that they had centuries ago.”
She read the book over his shoulder for a while, and then said, “Anyway, they had a teacher.”
“Sure they had a teacher, but it wasn’t a regular teacher. It was a man.”
“A man isn’t smart enough.” She added, “I wouldn’t want a strange man in my house to teach me.”
Tommy screamed with laughter. “You don’t know much, Margie. They had a special building and all the kids of the same age went there, learning the same thing from 8 a. m. to 5 p. m. on weekdays.”
They weren’t even half-finished when Margie’s mother called, “Margie! School!” Margie looked up. “Not yet, Mamma.” “Now!” said Mrs. Jones.
Actually the mechanical teacher was on and waiting for her. It was always on at the same time every day except Saturday and Sunday, because her mother said little girls learned better if they learned at regular time.
The large screen was lit up. “Today’s math lesson is on the addition of proper fractions (分数). Please insert yesterday’s homework in the proper slot (插槽).” Margie did so with a sigh. She was thinking about how the kids must have loved it in the old days. All the kids from the whole neighborhood came, sitting together in the schoolroom, going home together at the end of the day. And the teachers were people. She was thinking about the fun they had.
1. Where is Margie’s schoolroom?
A. Inside her house. B. In a special building.
C. On a large screen. D. Around her neighborhood.
2. What is the similarity between the school in the book and the one Margie attended?
A. Teachers of great wisdom. B. Classmates of the same age.
C. Regular schooling hours. D. Advanced learning equipment.
3. Which of the following may Margie agree with?
A. Doing math homework is more than funny.
B. The school life in the old days is much more appealing.
C. Mechanical teachers are more suitable in teaching for her.
D. Reading on a screen is more convenient than reading a real book.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文是科幻故事，讲述了Margie从Tommy读的一本书中发现过去的学校比现在的学习方式更吸引人，令人向往。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第八段中“She added, ‘I wouldn’t want a strange man in my house to teach me.’ (她补充说：‘我不想让一个陌生人在我家里教我。’)”可知，Margie的教室是在她的家里。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第九段中“They had a special building and all the kids of the same age went there, learning the same thing from 8 a. m. to 5 p. m.(他们有一个特别的建筑，所有同龄的孩子都去那里，从早上8点到下午5点学习同样的东西。)”和第十一段中“It was always on at the same time every day except Saturday and Sunday, because her mother said little girls learned better if they learned at regular time.(除了星期六和星期天，它每天都在同一时间播放，因为她妈妈说，如果小女孩在固定的时间学习，她们会学得更好。)”可知，书中的学校和Margie的学习方式的相似之处是固定的上课时间。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“She was thinking about how the kids must have loved it in the old days. All the kids from the whole neighborhood came, sitting together in the schoolroom, going home together at the end of the day. And the teachers were people. She was thinking about the fun they had.(她在想孩子们以前一定很喜欢这里。整个社区的孩子们都来了，一起坐在教室里，一天结束后一起回家。老师也是人。她在想他们的乐趣。)”可知，Margie认为过去的学校生活更有吸引力。故选B项。
B
On January 22, 2022, the British-Belgian 19-year-old, Zara Rutherford, successfully landed her two-seat microlight aircraft back at the Kortrijk-Wevelgem Airport, from where she had departed 155 days ago, fulfilling her dream to be the youngest woman to fly around the world solo.
“I feel excited not only to break the Guinness World Record, but also to diminish the gender gap by 11 years between the current youngest male record holder Travis Ludlow 18 at the time of his record, and the previous female record holder Shaesta Waez, who was 30 when she completed her ‘Dreams Soar’ around-the-world flight.” Rutherford wrote on her blog.
Rutherford's journey crossing five continents and 52 countries began on August 18, 2021. She encountered numerous unexpected delays along the way. They included an unscheduled stop in Redding, California, due to wildfires and a month-long stop in Nome, Alaska, to renew her Russian visa. She also faced several challenges in the air. When flying from Iceland to Greenland, Rutherford lost radio contact with her ground team for much of the 3-hour flight. The incidents also resulted in her having to cross over Russia in sub-zero temperatures. The hardest part was flying over Siberia—it was extremely cold and if the engine broke down, she'd be hours away from rescue. Despite the severe difficulties, the determined young pilot never gave up on her dream.
Rutherford grew up around airplanes. Her British father flies commercially, while her Belgian mother is a recreational pilot. The young girl began learning how to fly at age 14 and obtained her aviators license in 2020. With her goal of flying around the world accomplished, Rutherford now has her sights set even higher. She wants to become an astronaut and explore space.
She hopes that her journey will encourage more young women to pursue careers in aviation. Currently the number of female pilots is just 5 percent. Rutherford says, “It's an easy thing to say, but just go for it. If you don't try and see how high you can fly, then you'll never know.”
4. What does the underlined word “diminish" in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Narrow. B. Divide. C. Fill. D. Cause.
5. Why did Rutherford have to stop in Nome?
A. The wildfires were too fierce. B. Her Russian visa was due.
C. The weather was too severe. D. Her engine broke down.
6. What's the purpose of paragraph 4?
A. To switch to a new topic. B. To summarize her achievements.
C. To illustrate her admirable talents. D. To add some background information.
7. What does the passage try to convey?
A. Life is not all roses. B. Dream big, aim high.
C. Not to advance is to go back. D. The greatest talkers, the least doers.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了2022年1月22日，19岁的英国比利时人Zara Rutherford成功将她的双座微型飞机降落在她155天前离开的Kortrijk-Wevelgem机场，实现了她成为最年轻的单人环球飞行女性的梦想。文章介绍了她对此的看法以及旅程中遇到的一些挑战。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“I feel excited not only to break the Guinness World Record, but also to”以及后文“the gender gap by 11 years between the current youngest male record holder Travis Ludlow 18 at the time of his record, and the previous female record holder Shaesta Waez, who was 30 when she completed her ‘Dreams Soar’ around-the-world flight”可知，Rutherford不仅打破了吉尼斯世界纪录，还将目前最年轻的男性纪录保持者Travis Ludlow在创下纪录时的性别差距缩小11年，而之前的女性纪录保持者Shaesta Waez在完成“梦想翱翔”环球飞行时已经30岁。故画线词意思是“缩小”。A. Narrow.缩小；B. Divide.分开；C. Fill.装满；D. Cause.造成。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“They included an unscheduled stop in Redding, California, due to wildfires and a month-long stop in Nome, Alaska, to renew her Russian visa.(其中包括由于野火而在加州雷丁的临时停留，以及为了续签俄罗斯签证而在阿拉斯加诺姆停留一个月)”可知，Rutherford要去诺姆是因为她的俄罗斯签证到期了。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Rutherford grew up around airplanes. Her British father flies commercially, while her Belgian mother is a recreational pilot. The young girl began learning how to fly at age 14 and obtained her aviators license in 2020. With her goal of flying around the world accomplished, Rutherford now has her sights set even higher. She wants to become an astronaut and explore space.( Rutherford是在飞机周围长大的。她的英国父亲是商业飞行员，而她的比利时母亲是一名休闲飞行员。这个小女孩14岁就开始学习飞行，并在2020年获得了飞行员执照。随着她环球飞行的目标的实现，Rutherford现在把她的目标定得更高了。她想成为一名宇航员并探索太空)”可推知，第四段的目的是增加Rutherford的一些背景信息。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“She hopes that her journey will encourage more young women to pursue careers in aviation. Currently the number of female pilots is just 5 percent. Rutherford says, “It's an easy thing to say, but just go for it. If you don't try and see how high you can fly, then you'll never know.”(她希望她的旅程将鼓励更多的年轻女性追求航空事业。目前，女性飞行员仅占5%。卢瑟福说：“说起来容易，但只管去做。如果你不试一试，看看你能飞多高，那你永远都不会知道。” )”结合文章主要说明了2022年1月22日，19岁的英国比利时人Zara Rutherford成功将她的双座微型飞机降落在她155天前离开的Kortrijk-Wevelgem机场，实现了她成为最年轻的单人环球飞行女性的梦想。文章介绍了她对此的看法以及旅程中遇到的一些挑战。可推知，文章想表达“梦想远大，目标远大”的思想。故选B。
C
In order to help discover spoilage and reduce food waste for supermarkets and consumers researchers have developed new low-cost, smart phone-linked, eco-friendly spoilage sensors for meat and fish packaging.
One in three UK consumers throw away food just because it reaches the use-by date, but 60% of the £12.5 billion-worth of food we throw away each year is safe to eat.
The researchers, whose findings were published in ACS Sensors, say the sensors could also eventually replace the use-by date—a widely used indicator of being fresh and eatable.
The sensors cost two US cents each to make. Known as “paper-based electrical gas sensors (PEGS)”, they detect spoilage gases like ammonia (a poisonous gas with a strong unpleasant smell) in meat and fish products. The information provided by the electronic nose is received by a smart phone, and then you can know whether the food is fresh and safe to eat.
The Imperial College London researchers who developed PEGS made the sensors by printing carbon electrodes onto a special type of paper. The materials are eco-friendly and harmless, so they don’t damage the environment and are safe to use in food packaging. The sensors, combined with a tiny electronic system, then inform nearby mobile devices, which identify and understand the data about spoilage gases.
Lead author Dr Firat Guder of Imperial’s Department of Bioengineering, said, “Although they’re designed to keep us safe, use-by dates can lead to eatable food being thrown away. They don’t always reflect its actual freshness. In fact, people often get sick from food-borne diseases due to poor storage, even when an item is within its use-by date.”
“These sensors are cheap enough so we hope to see supermarkets using them within three years. Our goal is to use PEGS in food packaging to reduce unnecessary food waste.”
The authors hope that PEGS could have applications beyond food processing, like sensing chemicals in agriculture, air quality, and detecting disease markers in breath like those involved in kidney disease.
8. What is the function of PEGS according to the text?
A. To improve the taste of foods. B. To improve the service of stores.
C. To help supermarkets store foods. D. To help people test food freshness.
9. What role does the smartphone play while PEGS are functioning?
A. It acts as an electronic nose. B. It reads the data collected by PEGS.
C. It helps print the gas sensors onto paper. D. It discovers the spoilage gases from foods.
10. What does Dr. Firat Guder say about use-by dates?
A. They are not completely reliable. B. They can help reduce food waste.
C. They are based on scientific research. D. They are not accepted by the consumers.
11. What does the author mainly talk about in the text?
A. The process of researching spoilage sensors.
B. A new technology in packaging to reduce food waste.
C. The application of spoilage sensors beyond food processing.
D. The influence of use-by dates on supermarkets and consumers.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种可以减少食物浪费的新技术，名为“纸质电气气体传感器（PEGS）”。介绍了这种技术的工作方式以及人们对此技术未来应用领域的看法。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“The sensors cost two US cents each to make. Known as “paper-based electrical gas sensors (PEGS)”, they detect spoilage gases like ammonia (a poisonous gas with a strong unpleasant smell) in meat and fish products. The information provided by the electronic nose is received by a smart phone, and then you can know whether the food is fresh and safe to eat.(每个传感器的制造成本为2美分。它们被称为“纸质电气气体传感器（PEGS）”，可以检测出肉类和鱼类产品中的氨气（一种有强烈难闻气味的有毒气体）等腐败气体。 电子鼻子提供的信息被智能手机接收，然后你就可以知道食物是否新鲜和安全的食用)”可知，PEGS的功能是帮助人们检测食物的新鲜度。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“The sensors, combined with a tiny electronic system, then inform nearby mobile devices, which identify and understand the data about spoilage gases.(这些传感器与一个微型电子系统结合，然后通知附近的移动设备，这些移动设备可以识别并了解有关变质气体的数据)”可知，当PEGS运行时，智能手机的作用是读取PEGS收集的数据。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“Lead author Dr Firat Guder of Imperial’s Department of Bioengineering, said, “Although they’re designed to keep us safe, use-by dates can lead to eatable food being thrown away. They don’t always reflect its actual freshness. In fact, people often get sick from food-borne diseases due to poor storage, even when an item is within its use-by date.”(帝国理工大学生物工程系的第一作者Firat Guder博士说：“尽管保质期是为了保护我们的安全，但它可能导致可食用的食物被扔掉。它们并不总是反映它的实际新鲜度。事实上，人们经常会因为储存不当而患上食源性疾病，即使是在保质期内。”)”可推知，Firat Guder博士认为保质期不是完全可靠的。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“In order to help discover spoilage and reduce food waste for supermarkets and consumers, researchers have developed new low-cost, smart phone-linked, eco-friendly spoilage sensors for meat and fish packaging.(为了帮助超市和消费者发现食物的腐败现象，减少食物浪费，研究人员开发了一种新型低成本、智能手机连接、环保的腐败传感器，用于肉类和鱼类的包装)”结合文章主要介绍了一种可以减少食物浪费的新技术，名为“纸质电气气体传感器（PEGS）”。介绍了这种技术的工作方式以及人们对此技术未来应用领域的看法。可知，作者在文中主要谈到了减少食物浪费的包装新技术。故选B。
第二节七选五(共5小题:每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When you've got too much to do, the natural response is to try to fit in more tasks, in order to free up hours to do the things you love. There are countless books promising to help you, but these attempts don't always work. ___12___
The core problem is that the potential supply of new tasks is endless. Get faster at completing work projects and you'll simply be given more work, thanks to your reputation as an efficient employee. It’s the personal equivalent of what happens when a new lane is added to a motorway to ease traffic jams. ___13___So congestion remains as bad as it ever was.
___14___ Social expectations do, too. Research by historian Ruth Cowan highlights that when washing machines and vacuum cleaners were introduced, housework got more burdensome because standards of cleanliness also rose. Deep down, we believe the false promise of ever more efficiency. Yes, modest improvements in productivity can help you get through more work-but the truth is that there will always be more things worth doing than time in which to do them. ___15___
The option you take is up to you: perhaps you'll decide to tolerate a messy house in order to spend more time reading to your children. Or perhaps you're willing to sacrifice a reputation as the best worker in your office because your side business as a jewellery designer is worth it. ___16___ Otherwise, it’ll get made for you—and you may find yourself replying to emails at 11:30 p.m. on a Friday night.
A. If you want to spend more time with your children, you have to do everything else more efficiently.
B. Instead, the more you struggle to get on top of things’, the busier you find yourself.
C. Get quicker at answering emails, and you’ll get more of them.
D. It's not just work that mounts up as efficiency rises.
E. What maters is making the choice consciously.
F. The extra capacity just attracts more cars.
G. So we always have to make hard choices.
【答案】12. B 13. F 14. D 15. G 16. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章就如何应对忙碌提出了一些建议。
【12题详解】
根据上文“When you've got too much to do, the natural response is to try to fit in more tasks, in order to free up hours to do the things you love. There are countless books promising to help you, but these attempts don't always work. (当你有太多的事情要做时，自然的反应是试着安排更多的任务，这样就能腾出更多的时间来做你喜欢的事情。有无数的书承诺会帮助你，但这些尝试并不总是有效)”可知，本句承上进一步解释，指出相关的书并不是都很管用，反而会让你变得更忙碌。故B选项“相反，你越是努力去掌控事情，你就会发现自己越忙”符合语境，故选B。
【13题详解】
根据上文“It’s the personal equivalent of what happens when a new lane is added to a motorway to ease traffic jams. (就个人而言，这相当于在高速公路上增加一条新车道以缓解交通堵塞)”可知，上文提到相当于增加了一条新车道，故本句承接上文说明其影响：吸引更多的汽车。F项中的The extra capacity与上文所述的新加一条车道相呼应。故F选项“额外的产能只会吸引更多的汽车”符合语境，故选F。
【14题详解】
根据上一段中“Get faster at completing work projects and you'll simply be given more work, thanks to your reputation as an efficient employee.(更快地完成工作项目，你会得到更多的工作，这要归功于你作为高效率员工的声誉)”以及后文“Social expectations do, too. Research by historian Ruth Cowan highlights that when washing machines and vacuum cleaners were introduced, housework got more burdensome because standards of cleanliness also rose. (社会期望也是如此。历史学家鲁斯•考恩的研究强调，当洗衣机和吸尘器问世后，家务劳动变得更加繁重，因为清洁标准也提高了)”可知，上一段提到“更快地完成工作项目，你会得到更多的工作”，后文则提到了“社会期望也会增加”，可知本句承上启下，说明效率的提高，不仅仅是工作的增加，社会期望也会增加。故D选项“随着效率的提高，不仅仅是工作的增加”符合语境，故选D。
【15题详解】
根据上文“Yes, modest improvements in productivity can help you get through more work-but the truth is that there will always be more things worth doing than time in which to do them.(是的，适度提高生产率可以帮助你完成更多的工作——但事实是，值得做的事情总是比值得花时间去做的事情多)”可知，生产力的提高意味着我们可以做更多的工作，但是我们会发现，要做的事情总是比我们拥有的时间多，故本句与上文呈因果关系：正因为要做的事情比拥有的时间多，所以我们总要做艰难的选择。故G选项“所以我们总是不得不做出艰难的选择”符合语境，故选G。
【16题详解】
根据上文“The option you take is up to you: perhaps you'll decide to tolerate a messy house in order to spend more time reading to your children. Or perhaps you're willing to sacrifice a reputation as the best worker in your office because your side business as a jewellery designer is worth it. (你的选择取决于你自己：也许你会决定忍受家里乱糟糟的，以便花更多的时间给你的孩子读书。或者你愿意牺牲办公室里最好员工的名声，因为你的副业是珠宝设计师，这是值得的)”以及后文“Otherwise, it’ll get made for you—and you may find yourself replying to emails at 11:30 p.m. on a Friday night. (否则，它会成为你身上特有的事情——你可能会发现自己在周五晚上11点半回复邮件)” 根据设空处后的Otherwise可知，做选择的时候，要明明白白，否则事后还是会让自己陷于忙碌之中。故E选项“重要的是有意识地做出选择”符合语境，故选E。
第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In March 2017, Susan Happel Bohrnstedt lost her 19-year-old son Ben. As his 20th birthday on the 9th of September ____17____ , she found herself increasingly ____18____ and anxious about how she and her family would ____19____ his life.
Then, she ____20____ a post for “Evansvillerocks!”, a group of people in her town of Evansville, Indiana, who ____21____ and then hid rocks to bring ____22____ to others. She joined and after a few weeks of seeing all the joy being shared, Susan ____23____ this was the way she would honor her son. “On Ben's birthday my family and I got together, ____24____ stories, laughed, cried and painted 20 rocks. Most had special meanings, and all were painted with ____25____,” she said.
Susan did not ____26____ “Rocks4Ben” as she called the painted rocks, to have had such a wide ____27____. People from Evansville have taken the rocks on their travels around the world.
I can't even explain how ____28____ it is to see a photo of a rock I painted in Evansville, Indiana sitting on the steps of the Sydney Opera House or in front of the Great Pyramid in Egypt.” She ____29____ , “In painting rocks I've found healing, inspiration and, some days, a ____30____ , reason to keep moving forward. There is ____31____ because my son is with me as I paint. Each rock is a tribute (致敬) to him and his name is on the back of every one.”
17. A. appeared B. ended C. began D. approached
18. A. passionate B. active C. withdrawn D. pessimistic
19. A. waste B. protect C. honor D. save
20. A. put out B. came across C. drew up D. marked down
21. A. painted B. cut C. threw D. bought
22. A. confidence B. disappointment C. happiness D. curiosity
23. A. recommended B. imagined C. suspected D. decided
24. A. wrote B. changed C. shared D. published
25. A. love B. silence C. surprise D. dignity
26. A. allow B. expect C. promise D. admit
27. A. choice B. concern C. application D. influence
28. A. awesome B. frightening C. ridiculous D. strange
29. A. announced B. added C. responded D. complained
30. A. conscience B. morality C. priority D. purpose
31. A. peace B. harmony C. honesty D. sympathy
【答案】17. D 18. C 19. C 20. B 21. A 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一位母亲画石头纪念她去世的儿子的故事。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着9月9日他20岁生日的临近，她发现自己越来越孤僻，越来越担心她和她的家人会如何纪念他的生命。A. appeared出现；B. ended结束；C. began开始；D. approached接近。由第7空后的“honor her son”可知，此处是表示“他的生日临近”，故选D。
【18题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着9月9日他20岁生日的临近，她发现自己越来越孤僻，越来越担心她和她的家人会如何纪念他的生命。A. passionate热诚的；B. active活跃的；C. withdrawn沉默寡言的；D. pessimistic悲观的。由“found herself increasingly”和前面的“lost her 19-year-old son Ben”可知，她儿子死了，她越来越孤僻，沉默寡言，故选C。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着9月9日他20岁生日的临近，她发现自己越来越孤僻，越来越担心她和她的家人会如何纪念他的生命。A. waste浪费；B. protect保护；C. honor纪念；D. save救。由上文的“As his 20th birthday on the 9th of September ____1__”可知，在儿子20岁生日临近时，她是担心她和她的家人会如何纪念他的生命，故选C。
【20题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后，她看到一个写“埃文斯维尔洛克！”的帖子，那是印第安那州埃文斯维尔镇的一群人，他们在石头上作画，然后把石头藏起来，以给别人带来快乐。A. put out熄灭；B. came across无意中发现；C. drew up草拟；D. marked down记下。由后面的“a post for “Evansvillerocks!””可知，她是偶然看到了那个帖子，空格处是“偶然发现”，故选B。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，她看到一个写着“埃文斯维尔洛克！”的帖子，那是印第安那州埃文斯维尔镇的一群人，他们在石头上作画，然后把石头藏起来，以给别人带来快乐。A. painted画画；B. cut切；C. threw扔；D. bought买。根据第8空后的“painted 20 rocks”可知，他们是在石头上作画，故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，她看到一个写着“埃文斯维尔洛克！”的帖子，那是印第安那州埃文斯维尔镇的一群人，他们在石头上作画，然后把石头藏起来，以给别人带来快乐。A. confidence自信；B. disappointment失望；C. happiness快乐；D. curiosity好奇心。由后面的“seeing all the joy being shared”可知，他们是在石头上作画，然后把石头藏起来，以给别人带来快乐，故选C。
23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她加入了，几个星期后，看到所有的欢乐被分享，苏珊决定这是她纪念她儿子的方式。A. recommended推荐；B. imagined想象；C. suspected怀疑；D. decided决定。由后文的“On Ben's birthday my family and I got together, ____8____ stories, laughed, cried and painted 20 rocks”可知，她决定采用这种方法来纪念她的儿子，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在本的生日那天，我和家人聚在一起，分享故事、欢笑、哭泣，还画了20块石头。A. wrote写；B. changed改变；C. shared分享；D. published出版。由“stories”可知，他们是分享故事，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：大多数都有特殊含义，而且都被绘上了爱的色彩。A. love爱；B. silence安静；C. surprise惊讶；D. dignity尊严。由“all were painted with”及画画是为了纪念她的儿子可知，那是都被绘上了爱的色彩，故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：苏珊没有想到“Rocks4Ben”——她这样称呼这些彩绘岩石——会产生如此广泛的影响。A. allow允许；B. expect预料；C. promise承诺；D. admit承认。由后文的“People from Evansville have taken the rocks on their travels around the world”可知，“Rocks4Ben”带来了很大的影响，而刚开始时她只是为了纪念自己的儿子，因此这是她没料到的，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：苏珊没有想到“Rocks4Ben”——她这样称呼这些彩绘岩石——会产生如此广泛的影响。A. choice选择；B. concern担心；C. application应用；D. influence影响。由后文的“People from Evansville have taken the rocks on their travels around the world”可知，她画的石头带来了广泛的影响，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到我在印第安纳州埃文斯维尔画的一块石头的照片，它放在悉尼歌剧院的台阶上，或是埃及的大金字塔前，那是一种多么棒的感觉。A. awesome让人惊叹的；B. frightening令人害怕的；C. ridiculous可笑的；D. strange奇怪的。由“see a photo of a rock I painted in Evansville, Indiana sitting on the steps of the Sydney Opera House or in front of the Great Pyramid in Egypt”可知，看到我在印第安纳州埃文斯维尔画的一块石头的照片，它放在悉尼歌剧院的台阶上，或是埃及的大金字塔前是一件令人惊叹的事情，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她补充说，“在画岩石的过程中，我找到了治愈的方法、灵感，有时还找到了继续前进的目标和理由。”A. announced宣布；B. added补充；C. responded回答；D. complained抱怨。根据下文继续讲到她所说的话可知，她是在补充说道，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她补充说，“在画岩石的过程中，我找到了治愈的方法、灵感，有时还找到了继续前进的目标和理由。”A. conscience良心；B. morality道德；C. priority优先事项；D. purpose目的。由后文的“to keep moving forward”可知，她是找到继续前进的目标，故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有平静，因为我的儿子在我画的时候和我在一起。A. peace和平；B. harmony和谐；C. honesty诚实；D. sympathy同情。由“my son is with me as I paint”可知，想到她画画的时候儿子是和她在一起的会给她带来平静，故选A。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
How do we prevent transmission of the virus?
This new virus currently has a ___32___(limit) geographic spread. ___33___, there are a number of standard hygiene(卫生) practices ___34___ have been recommended to protect against infection and further spread. These include covering your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing with a medical mask, tissue or flexed elbow; avoiding close contact with those who are unwell; the appropriate use of ___35___ (mask) and personal protective equipment, ___36___ (especial) in a healthcare setting; washing hands regularly with soap and water, or alcohol-based hand rub. Actions that can be taken to prevent infection from ___37___animal source include: avoiding unnecessary unprotected contact with animals; washing hands after contact with animals or animal products; and ensuring that animal products are cooked thoroughly before they ___38___ (consume).
___39___is important to stay home if you’re feeling unwell. But if you have a fever cough, and difficulty ___40___ (breath), seek medical care early and share your previous travel history ___41___ your healthcare provider.
【答案】32. limited
33. However
34. that/which
35. masks 36. especially
37. an 38. are consumed
39. It 40. breathing
41. with
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。介绍了如何防止病毒传播的一些具体措施。
【32题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这种新病毒目前的地理传播范围有限。修饰名词短语geographic spread用形容词，指有限的地理传播，故填limited。
【33题详解】
考查连词。句意：然而，有一些标准的卫生措施已被推荐，以防止感染和进一步传播。前后句是转折关系，结合空后的逗号，故填However。
【34题详解】
考查定语从句。句意同上。句中包含定语从句，先行词是practices指物，在定语从句中做主语，用关系代词that/which引导，故填that/which。
【35题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：适当使用口罩和个人防护设备，特别是在医疗环境中。作介词of的宾语用名词，the use of+名词指“……的使用”，此处前面没有冠词，表示泛指用复数，故填masks。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意同上。修饰后面的介词短语用副词，意为“特别是在医疗环境中”，故填especially。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：可以采取的防止来自动物源的感染措施包括：避免与动物进行不必要的无保护的接触。animal是单数可数名词，且开头是元音因素，表示“一种”用an，故填an。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：确保动物产品在食用前彻底煮熟。句中they指的是animal products，与动词consume是被动关系，在从句中作谓语用被动语态。结合全文是一般现在时，故填are consumed。
【39题详解】
考查代词。句意：如果你感觉不舒服，呆在家里是很重要的。句中用it做形式主语，不定式to stay home是真正主语，故填It。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。此处表示“做某事有困难”用have difficulty (in)doing sth.故填breathing。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：但是如果你有发烧、咳嗽和呼吸困难，尽早就医，和你的医疗服务人员分享你以前的旅行经历。“和某人分享某事”是share sth. with sb.故填with。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共三节, 满分40分)
第一节单项选择(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
根据题意, 选出最佳选项。
42. Her many talents were________ all her friends.
A. the envy among B. the envy of C. the envy at D. the envy in
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：她的许多才能使她所有的朋友都羡慕。表示“羡慕”短语为be the envy of。故选B。
43. In spring all kinds of flowers________ their sweet smell.
A. give up B. give in C. give out D. give off
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：春天，各种各样的花都散发出芬芳。A. give up放弃；B. give in让步；C. give out分发；D. give off散发。根据常识可知，到了春天，花朵应该是散发出芬芳的气味。故选D。
44. I felt more than ordinary human________ for him in his misfortune. I was deeply moved as a fellow sufferer.
A. agreement B. sorrow C. symbol D. sympathy
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对他的遭遇, 不只是普普通通的同情, 还有一种深切的同病相怜的感触。A. agreement同意；B. sorrow悲痛；C. symbol象征，符号；D. sympathy同情。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作表语，根据句意可知，此处表示“同情”应为sympathy符合句意。故选D项。
45. Our school football club________ twenty boys and twenty girls.
A. made of B. is made of C. is made up of D. makes of
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们学校的足球俱乐部是由二十个男生和二十个女生组成的。空处为谓语，固定短语be made up of“由……组成”，符合题意，A项是非谓语，B项“由……制成”，D项“理解，对待”均不符合句意。故选C项。
46. I was so surprised that he________ my invitation.
A. turned in B. turned out C. turned down D. turned into
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我很惊讶，他拒绝了我的邀请。A. turned in上交；B. turned out结果是；C. turned down拒绝；D. turned into变成。根据后文invitation指拒绝邀请。故选C。
47. His parents urge him________ playing the piano every day.
A. practice B. to practice C. practicing D. to practicing
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。句意：他的父母敦促他每天练习弹钢琴。固定搭配：urge sb. to do sth.“催促某人做某事”，其中动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选B。
48. I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ________.
A. catching B. caught
C. to catch D. to be caught
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在整个会议期间我一直在看钟表，因为我要去赶火车。have在本句中意为“有”，根据固定结构Sb have sth to do某人有某事要做，在本句中to do由主语完成，故选C。
【点睛】本句考查的是have的复合结构：have+宾语+非谓语，既是重点又是难点。对于have的复合结构，非谓语用什么形式，首先确定have的词义，是“有”还是“让”，have（有）+ sth to do sth (由主语完成）；have（让）+宾语+do / doing / done (用哪种形式需要具体分析），所以要正确理解句意和本结构的具体用法，灵活掌握才能把题作对。
49. The speaker, ______for her wonderful speeches, will deliver a lecture in our school next week.
A. to know B. being known C. known D. knowing
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位以精彩演讲著称的演讲者将于下周在我们学校发表演讲。句子的谓语为will deliver，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，be known for为固定短语，意为“以……而闻名”，需用过去分词形式作状语。故选C。
50 （2013江西高考）_________ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.
A. Whoever B. Whatever
C. Whichever D. Wherever
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：无论你们其中哪个人弄坏窗子都得为之赔偿。主句谓语为will have to pay，之前为主语从句， whichever“无论哪一个”，作定语。故选C。
51. We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of _______ it used to charge.
A. that B. which
C. what D. how
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：我们之所以选择这家酒店，是因为这里一晚的价格降到20美元，是过去收费的一半。分析句子可知，介词of后跟宾语从句，在从句中作charge的宾语，表示“所……的”，要用what，故选C项。
52. We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ________ the weather may be better.
A. that B. where
C. which D. when
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们将把公园的野餐推迟到下个星期，那时天气可能会更好。使用定语从句，先行词是next week，定语从句中不缺少主宾表，缺少时间状语。故选D。
【点睛】定语从句的考查主要就是考查关系词的辨析，关系代词that, which, whose, whom, as， who在句中做主语，宾语，表语或者定语；where, why, when在句中做地点，原因和时间状语。要分析定语从句的成分，看缺少什么成分，就选用相应的关系词。
53. —What will the weather be like tomorrow?
—I have no idea. I was on the phone when the weather report ________.
A. is broadcast B. was being broadcast
C. has been broadcast D. had been broadcast
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：——明天天气会怎样？——我不知道。天气预报播送的时候我正在打电话。结合上文“I was on the phone when the weather report”可知指过去某个时刻正在做某事，应用过去进行时，且the weather report与broadcast构成被动关系，用过去进行时的被动语态。故选B。
54. If he ________ his teacher’s suggestion, he would have won the English Speech Contest.
A. had followed B. should follow
C. was to follow D. followed
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他听从了老师的建议，他就会赢得英语演讲比赛了。根据“would have won”可知，此处表示对过去的虚拟，从句谓语形式为had+过去分词，故A项正确。
【点睛】注意在if引导的虚拟条件句中，表示对现在的虚拟时，从句谓语形式为动词过去式（be 用were），主句谓语形式为should/could/would+动词原形，如：If they didn’t take physical exercises every day, they would be so healthy；表示对过去的虚拟时，从句谓语形式为had+过去分词，主句谓语形式为should/could/would have+过去分词，如：If you had taken my advice, you wouldn’t have failed in the test；表示对将来的虚拟时，从句谓语形式为动词过去式（be用were）/should+动词原形/were to+动词原形，主句谓语形式为should/could/would+动词原形，如：If it were to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off。
55. Not until recently ____________ the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.
A. they had encouraged B. had they encouraged
C. did they encourage D. they encouraged
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查部分倒装。句意：直到最近他们才鼓励在农村地区开展与旅游业有关的活动。当not until所引导的时间状语放在句首时，主句要使用部分倒装。陈述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，故C项正确。
【点睛】部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词提至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。
一、 句首为否定或半否定的词语如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way,
not until 等时，句子要倒装。如：
1. Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. 无论如何你不会找到这个问题的答案。
2. Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 母亲一直到孩子入睡后才离开房间。
Not until位于句首引导的主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。
二、so, neither, nor位于句首时，表示"也"、"也不" 的句子要部分倒装。如：
1. Tom can speak French. So can Jack. 汤姆会讲法语，杰克也会。
2. If you won’t go, neither will I.你不去，我也不去。
三、only位于句首，且强调状语时,句子也必须用部分倒装。 如：
1. Only in this way, can you learn English well.
2. Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.
四、其他部分倒装 的情况。
1. so…that… 句型中的so 位于句首时，句子需倒装。如：
So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. 他害怕得很，动也不敢动。
2. 在某些表示祝愿的句型中。如： May you all be happy. 愿你们都快乐。
考点：考查部分倒装
56. Professor James will gave us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where ________ yet.
A. hasn’t been decided B. haven’t been decided
C. isn’t being decided D. aren’t being decided
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：詹姆斯·威尔教授给我们作了一次关于西方文化的讲座，但何时何地还没有决定。句子的主语是when and where指一件事情的两个方面，仍然使用单数形式；根据yet说明使用现在完成时，助动词用has。故选A项。
第二节单词拼写(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
根据中文意思和首字母填入单词的适当形式, 要求用B6U4—U5, B7U1所学的词汇表里的单词, 每空一词。(注意: 要把包含首字母的完整单词填写到答题卡, 否则无分。)
57. At the sight of the c________(残酷), he could scarcely contain his anger. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】cruelty##ruelty
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：看到这种残忍的行为，他几乎无法抑制自己的愤怒。根据单词首字母以及提示可知应填名词cruelty，作宾语，不可数。故填cruelty。
58. Those registered are able to enjoy free services such as g________(指导) on employment policies and laws. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】guidance##uidance
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：注册人员可以免费享受就业政策和法律指导等服务。根据首字母和汉语提示可知，空处可使用名词guidance（指导）在句中作宾语。故填guidance。
59. We thought of selling this old f________(家具), but we’ve decided to hold on to it. It might be valuable. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】furniture##urniture
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们本想卖掉这些旧家具，但我们决定留着。它可能很有价值。根据首字母和汉语提示可知，空处可使用不可数名词furniture（家具）在句中作宾语。故填furniture。
60. U________(不幸地), her works did not attract much attention in the 1930s and 1940s. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】Unfortunately##nfortunately
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：不幸地是，她的作品在十九世纪三四十年代并没有引起人们的关注。句首应该使用一个副词修饰整个句子，表示说话者说这个句子时的一种情感色彩。根据汉语提示“不幸地”及首字母可知，副词unfortunately符合题意。故填unfortunately或nfortunately。
61. She is in Greece on an a________(任务)for one of the Sunday newspapers. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】assignment##ssignment
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：她在希腊为一家Sunday报纸执行任务。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作宾语，根据提示的汉语和首字母可知，表示“任务”应为assignment，且空前有不定冠词an，所以使用名词单数。故填assignment。
62. R________(种族)has always been a hot button in this country’s history. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】Race##ace
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：种族问题一直是这个国家历史上的一个热点问题。根据单词首字母以及提示可知应填名词race，作主语。故填Race。
63. The decision was based on ignorance and p__________ (偏见). (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】prejudice##rejudice
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这一决定是基于无知和偏见。根据首字母p可知，表示“偏见”应用名词prejudice作宾语。故填prejudice。
64. Wipe the mushrooms clean and thread them on a s________(细绳). (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】string##tring
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：把蘑菇擦干净，然后把它们穿在细绳上。根据单词首字母和汉语提示“细绳”及前文on a可知，此处应用单数名词string作宾语。故填string。
65. This affects Chinese summer rainfall v________(变化), particularly in north and northeast China. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】variation##ariation
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这影响了中国夏季降雨的变化，特别是在中国北部和东北部。根据汉语提示可知，此处需要填入名词“变化”，variation表示“变化”；降雨量的变化是不可数的。故填variation。
66. Weather-forecasters have d________(精致的) equipment which helps them predict what the weather is going to be like. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】delicate##elicate
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：天气预报员有精密的设备来帮助他们预测天气的走向。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词equipment，由首字母提示d可知，“精致的”是delicate，故填delicate。
67. Every purchaser of a pound of coffee received a box of cookies as a b________(意外收获). (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】bonus##onus
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：每买一磅咖啡的人都得到一盒免费的饼干作为奖励。空前的不定冠词表明此处缺少单数名词作介词as的宾语，根据首字母提示和汉语提示可知是bonus，故填bonus。
68. The old Roman walls may still be seen but not in their i________(完整). (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】integrity##ntegrity
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：古罗马的城墙还能看到，但已不完整了。根据单词首字母以及提示可知应填名词integrity，作宾语，不可数。故填integrity。
69. The inhabitants have to walk a mile to f________(取来)water. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】fetch##etch
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：居民们不得不步行一英里去取水。分析可知，空处考查不定式，作目的状语，应填动词原形，结合汉语提示以及首字母可知，应填动词fetch，表示“拿来，请来”。故填fetch。
70. Both sides in the conflict have agreed temporarily to s________(暂停)hostilities. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】suspend
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：冲突双方都同意暂时停止敌对行动。根据首字母和所给汉语可知，“暂停”的英文表达是suspend；动词agree后面用动词不定式作宾语，to do中的to已经给出。故填suspend。
71. For the President, the c________(计算)are equally difficult. If the peacekeeping operation goes wrong, he risks appearing weak. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】calculations
【解析】
【详解】考查名词作主语。句意：对总统来说，计算同样困难。如果维和行动出错，他可能会显得软弱。根据空前的the、首字母和所给汉语可知，“计算”的英文表达是calculation，再根据谓语动词are可知，此处用名词复数作主语。故填calculations。
第三节课文填空(共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分)
根据课文内容或晨背背诵内容, 填入正确的单词, 每空一词。
72. But I was so________ about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship, the Endurance. (根据句意填空)
【答案】enthusiastic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我很想和他们一起去，所以我偷偷上了他的船——耐力号。结合句意提示，表示“热情的”为形容词enthusiastic，在句中作表语。故填enthusiastic。
73. We were not allowed to take most of our personal________, and Shackleton himself threw away all his gold. (根据句意填空)
【答案】belongings
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们不被允许带走大部分私人财产，沙克尔顿自己也把他所有的金子都扔掉了。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词，根据句意和空后的“threw away all his gold”可知，此处应为belongings意为“财产”在句中作宾语。故填belongings。
74. Others try to convey certain feelings such as joy and________.(根据句意填空)
【答案】sorrow
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：其他人则试图传达某些情感，如快乐和悲伤。joy and sorrow快乐和悲伤，根据句意，故填sorrow。
75. Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that consists of 17________.(根据句意填空)
【答案】syllables
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：俳句是一种日本诗歌形式，由17个音节组成。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作宾语，根据句意可知，所以此处应表示“音节”为syllable，根据空前的17可知，此处应为名词复数。故填syllables。
76. She told him how she was unhappy that her home wasn’t elegant enough for Larry, who wanted to improve his social position with a bigger________.(根据句意填空)
【答案】one
【解析】
【详解】考查不定代词。句意：她告诉他，对于拉里来说，她的家不够优雅，她很不高兴，因为拉里想换一所更大的房子来提高自己的社会地位。此处为同类不同物泛指，根据上文home可知，此处填one，相当于a home。故填one。
77. She had an________ to paint her nails, and then she went into an expensive clothes shop. (根据句意填空)
【答案】appointment
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：她预约去涂了指甲，然后她走进了一家昂贵的服装店。该空需要一个名词作宾语，根据空前冠词an可知，应是一个以元音因素开头的名词；根据句意，本句在叙述她的行程，她应该是和做美甲的人约好了时间去涂指甲，然后去购物。由此可知，名词appointment(预约)符合题意。故填appointment。
78. I was________ by a strong sense of horror and my palms were sweating. (根据句意填空)
【答案】seized
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我被深深的恐惧感所控制，手心出汗。结合句意可知，此处指“我被深深的恐惧感所控制”，seize突然侵袭，突然控制，动词，句子是一般过去时的被动语态，空处应填过去分词，故填seized。
79. Her eyes were sparkling like________ at the good news. (根据句意填空)
【答案】diamonds
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：听到这个好消息，她的眼睛像钻石一样闪闪发光。根据句意可知应填复数名词diamonds（钻石），表泛指，作宾语。故填diamonds。
80. She________, hiding her face in her hands. (根据句意填空)
【答案】sobbed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：她用手捂着脸啜泣着。根据句意可知应填动词sob（啜泣），结合语境可知为一般过去时。故填sobbed。
81. So________ was she that she could feel the blood rush to her face. (根据句意填空)
【答案】ashamed
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她感到羞愧极了，血液都涌上了她的脸。根据下文she could feel the blood rush to her face可知，此处可用形容词ashamed，表示“惭愧的，羞愧的”，作表语，此处为So+adj.引起的倒装句型。故填ashamed。
第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
82. 你校英文报Youth正在征集关于北京冬奥会的征文，请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.简单介绍北京冬奥会；
2.难忘的一个瞬间；
3.你的感受。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Beijing Winter Olympics in My Eyes
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The Winter Olympic Games are an international winter sport event taking place every four years. Beijing successfully held the 2022 Winter Olympics last month, which is certain to strengthen the east and west culture bridge again.
Besides the lovely mascot that captured my hearts, I was also impressed by the spectacular opening ceremony. The dreamlike colors, the eye-catching high-tech and the warm atmosphere demonstrated in The Bird’s Nest thrilled my heart, which is something I will never forget.
With the Winter Olympics, Beijing has become the world’s first city to host both the summer and winter editions of the Olympic Games. It is absolutely a great honor for China.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于征文。要求考生给校英文报Youth投稿，介绍北京冬奥会和其中难忘的一个瞬间。
【详解】1.词汇积累
巩固，增强：strengthen → enhance
吸引，捕获：capture → catch/seize
展示：demonstrate → show
使兴奋，使激动：thrill → excite
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The Winter Olympic Games are an international winter sport event taking place every four years.
拓展句：The Winter Olympic Games are an international winter sport event which takes place every four years.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Beijing successfully held the 2022 Winter Olympics last month, which is certain to strengthen the east and west culture bridge again. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Besides the lovely mascot that captured my hearts, I was also impressed by the spectacular opening ceremony.(运用了that引导限制性定语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
83. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I am a proud mother of three children, my last little one being delivered in the middle of this pandemic. She was born in August and her name is Aida.
Shortly after having Aida, my mother-in-law Ann showed me something she learned from her friend’s mother in an art class she attended weekly. She had showed me how to knit (编织) a scarf. She showed me stitches (针) and gave me her half done project.
I spent a lot of time breastfeeding my sweet little girl, so I had some extra time to do something with my hands throughout the day. I enjoyed making the scarf so I purchased tons of yarn (线) since it was winter. I wanted to make scarves for my three children as Christmas gifts.
There was a new family that moved in down the street. The only daughter of the family was Jane, a shy girl, aged 14, the same age of my oldest son David. It seemed that she came from a financially disadvantaged family, for she always wore old clothes. Worse sill, in such cold days, she had no more clothes to wear and trembled with cold.
Due to the pandemic, society was thrown into crisis mode. Schools were closed, food supplies and deliveries were suspended and children were stuck at home. In such discouraging times, however, they became good companions, talking and playing at home or around the houses.
It was dreadfully cold this winter. Every time David came back from outside, with red face, he always cried, “Mum, it is freezing outside!” Then, he came over to see whether I finished the scarf. I could tell how impatient he was to wear my scarf sooner! I had to speed the project to satisfy his expectation. But David comforted me saying he could wait a few days. What a kind and considerate boy he was ! Then my great art project finally was accomplished on the morning ahead of Christmas.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I wrapped the scarf around David’s neck.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Later that day David came back saying Jane also deserved a scarf.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 I wrapped the scarf around David’s neck. David’s face lit up with joy. Stroking the scarf softly, David excitedly kissed me in the cheek, beaming at me “Thank you, Mum. This is the best gift I have ever received.” Before I could say anything, he dashed out to join Jane with a spring in his step. I felt relieved and content as a mother, seeing David play happily outside, with the scarf sheltering him to brave the bone-chilling wind. Wearing a smile on my face, I continued my chores that morning.
Later that day David came back saying Jane also deserved a scarf. Obviously, David noticed Jane could hardly bear the freezing weather with worn-out clothes. “Can I give this to Jane as a Christmas gift?” David ventured in a low voice. Smilingly, I nodded. Seeing David rush into Jane’s house with the scarf in his hand, felt burst of pride. I was happy that both of them received the best gift for Christmas. For Jane-a scarf to keep warm, and for David—a taste of happiness of giving.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了疫情期间作者的小女儿出生后作者跟家里的老人学会了织围巾，她想给家里的三个孩子织围巾。在寒冷的冬天，一个来自经济拮据家庭的小女孩简总是被冻得瑟瑟发抖。由于疫情大爆发，社会陷入危机模式，学校关闭，食品供应和运输暂停，孩子们被困在家里。然而，在这种令人沮丧的时期，孩子们和简成了好伙伴，在家里或在房子周围聊天、玩耍。最终作者给孩子们织好了围巾。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我把围巾围在大卫的脖子上。”可知，第一段可描写大卫在带上围巾后感动和开心的样子。
②由第二段首句内容“那天晚些时候，大卫回来说简也应该得到一条围巾。”可知，第二段可描写大卫给简也送了一条温暖的围巾。
2.续写线索：大卫带上围巾——开心——母亲满足——大卫想到简没有围巾——送围巾——母亲感慨
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.冲出去：dashed out /rush out
②.忍受：bear/ endure
情绪类
①.满足：content/ satisfied
②.感到骄傲：feel burst of pride/be proud of
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Before I could say anything, he dashed out to join Jane with a spring in his step.（此句中有Before引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]. Seeing David rush into Jane’s house with the scarf in his hand, felt burst of pride.（此句中有现在分词作状语）
江门一中2021-2022学年度第二学期第1次学段考试
高二级英语试卷
本试卷共11页, 满分为150分。考试用时120分钟。
第一部分阅读理解(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(共11小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分27.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Margie wrote about it that night in her diary, “Today Tommy found a real book!”
It was a very old book. Margie’s grandfather once said that when he was a little boy his grandfather told him that there was a time when all stories were printed on paper. They turned the pages, which were yellow and crinkly (皱巴巴的), and it was awfully funny to read words that stood still instead of moving the way they were supposed to-on a screen.
“What’s it about?”
“School.”
Margie was scornful. “School? What’s there to write about school?” Margie was always fed up with school. The mechanical teacher had been giving her test after test in geography. So she said to Tommy, “ Why would anyone write about school?” Tommy looked at her with very superior eyes, “Because it’s not our kind of school, stupid. This is the old kind of school that they had centuries ago.”
She read the book over his shoulder for a while, and then said, “Anyway, they had a teacher.”
“Sure they had a teacher, but it wasn’t a regular teacher. It was a man.”
“A man isn’t smart enough.” She added, “I wouldn’t want a strange man in my house to teach me.”
Tommy screamed with laughter. “You don’t know much, Margie. They had a special building and all the kids of the same age went there, learning the same thing from 8 a. m. to 5 p. m. on weekdays.”
They weren’t even half-finished when Margie’s mother called, “Margie! School!” Margie looked up. “Not yet, Mamma.” “Now!” said Mrs. Jones.
Actually the mechanical teacher was on and waiting for her. It was always on at the same time every day except Saturday and Sunday, because her mother said little girls learned better if they learned at regular time.
The large screen was lit up. “Today’s math lesson is on the addition of proper fractions (分数). Please insert yesterday’s homework in the proper slot (插槽).” Margie did so with a sigh. She was thinking about how the kids must have loved it in the old days. All the kids from the whole neighborhood came, sitting together in the schoolroom, going home together at the end of the day. And the teachers were people. She was thinking about the fun they had.
1. Where is Margie’s schoolroom?
A. Inside her house. B. In a special building.
C. On a large screen. D. Around her neighborhood.
2. What is the similarity between the school in the book and the one Margie attended?
A. Teachers of great wisdom. B. Classmates of the same age.
C. Regular schooling hours. D. Advanced learning equipment.
3. Which of the following may Margie agree with?
A. Doing math homework is more than funny.
B. The school life in the old days is much more appealing.
C. Mechanical teachers are more suitable in teaching for her.
D. Reading on a screen is more convenient than reading a real book.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文是科幻故事，讲述了Margie从Tommy读的一本书中发现过去的学校比现在的学习方式更吸引人，令人向往。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第八段中“She added, ‘I wouldn’t want a strange man in my house to teach me.’ (她补充说：‘我不想让一个陌生人在我家里教我。’)”可知，Margie的教室是在她的家里。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第九段中“They had a special building and all the kids of the same age went there, learning the same thing from 8 a. m. to 5 p. m.(他们有一个特别的建筑，所有同龄的孩子都去那里，从早上8点到下午5点学习同样的东西。)”和第十一段中“It was always on at the same time every day except Saturday and Sunday, because her mother said little girls learned better if they learned at regular time.(除了星期六和星期天，它每天都在同一时间播放，因为她妈妈说，如果小女孩在固定的时间学习，她们会学得更好。)”可知，书中的学校和Margie的学习方式的相似之处是固定的上课时间。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“She was thinking about how the kids must have loved it in the old days. All the kids from the whole neighborhood came, sitting together in the schoolroom, going home together at the end of the day. And the teachers were people. She was thinking about the fun they had.(她在想孩子们以前一定很喜欢这里。整个社区的孩子们都来了，一起坐在教室里，一天结束后一起回家。老师也是人。她在想他们的乐趣。)”可知，Margie认为过去的学校生活更有吸引力。故选B项。
B
On January 22, 2022, the British-Belgian 19-year-old, Zara Rutherford, successfully landed her two-seat microlight aircraft back at the Kortrijk-Wevelgem Airport, from where she had departed 155 days ago, fulfilling her dream to be the youngest woman to fly around the world solo.
“I feel excited not only to break the Guinness World Record, but also to diminish the gender gap by 11 years between the current youngest male record holder Travis Ludlow 18 at the time of his record, and the previous female record holder Shaesta Waez, who was 30 when she completed her ‘Dreams Soar’ around-the-world flight.” Rutherford wrote on her blog.
Rutherford's journey crossing five continents and 52 countries began on August 18, 2021. She encountered numerous unexpected delays along the way. They included an unscheduled stop in Redding, California, due to wildfires and a month-long stop in Nome, Alaska, to renew her Russian visa. She also faced several challenges in the air. When flying from Iceland to Greenland, Rutherford lost radio contact with her ground team for much of the 3-hour flight. The incidents also resulted in her having to cross over Russia in sub-zero temperatures. The hardest part was flying over Siberia—it was extremely cold and if the engine broke down, she'd be hours away from rescue. Despite the severe difficulties, the determined young pilot never gave up on her dream.
Rutherford grew up around airplanes. Her British father flies commercially, while her Belgian mother is a recreational pilot. The young girl began learning how to fly at age 14 and obtained her aviators license in 2020. With her goal of flying around the world accomplished, Rutherford now has her sights set even higher. She wants to become an astronaut and explore space.
She hopes that her journey will encourage more young women to pursue careers in aviation. Currently the number of female pilots is just 5 percent. Rutherford says, “It's an easy thing to say, but just go for it. If you don't try and see how high you can fly, then you'll never know.”
4. What does the underlined word “diminish" in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Narrow. B. Divide. C. Fill. D. Cause.
5. Why did Rutherford have to stop in Nome?
A. The wildfires were too fierce. B. Her Russian visa was due.
C. The weather was too severe. D. Her engine broke down.
6. What's the purpose of paragraph 4?
A. To switch to a new topic. B. To summarize her achievements.
C. To illustrate her admirable talents. D. To add some background information.
7. What does the passage try to convey?
A. Life is not all roses. B. Dream big, aim high.
C. Not to advance is to go back. D. The greatest talkers, the least doers.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了2022年1月22日，19岁的英国比利时人Zara Rutherford成功将她的双座微型飞机降落在她155天前离开的Kortrijk-Wevelgem机场，实现了她成为最年轻的单人环球飞行女性的梦想。文章介绍了她对此的看法以及旅程中遇到的一些挑战。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“I feel excited not only to break the Guinness World Record, but also to”以及后文“the gender gap by 11 years between the current youngest male record holder Travis Ludlow 18 at the time of his record, and the previous female record holder Shaesta Waez, who was 30 when she completed her ‘Dreams Soar’ around-the-world flight”可知，Rutherford不仅打破了吉尼斯世界纪录，还将目前最年轻的男性纪录保持者Travis Ludlow在创下纪录时的性别差距缩小11年，而之前的女性纪录保持者Shaesta Waez在完成“梦想翱翔”环球飞行时已经30岁。故画线词意思是“缩小”。A. Narrow.缩小；B. Divide.分开；C. Fill.装满；D. Cause.造成。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“They included an unscheduled stop in Redding, California, due to wildfires and a month-long stop in Nome, Alaska, to renew her Russian visa.(其中包括由于野火而在加州雷丁的临时停留，以及为了续签俄罗斯签证而在阿拉斯加诺姆停留一个月)”可知，Rutherford要去诺姆是因为她的俄罗斯签证到期了。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Rutherford grew up around airplanes. Her British father flies commercially, while her Belgian mother is a recreational pilot. The young girl began learning how to fly at age 14 and obtained her aviators license in 2020. With her goal of flying around the world accomplished, Rutherford now has her sights set even higher. She wants to become an astronaut and explore space.( Rutherford是在飞机周围长大的。她的英国父亲是商业飞行员，而她的比利时母亲是一名休闲飞行员。这个小女孩14岁就开始学习飞行，并在2020年获得了飞行员执照。随着她环球飞行的目标的实现，Rutherford现在把她的目标定得更高了。她想成为一名宇航员并探索太空)”可推知，第四段的目的是增加Rutherford的一些背景信息。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“She hopes that her journey will encourage more young women to pursue careers in aviation. Currently the number of female pilots is just 5 percent. Rutherford says, “It's an easy thing to say, but just go for it. If you don't try and see how high you can fly, then you'll never know.”(她希望她的旅程将鼓励更多的年轻女性追求航空事业。目前，女性飞行员仅占5%。卢瑟福说：“说起来容易，但只管去做。如果你不试一试，看看你能飞多高，那你永远都不会知道。” )”结合文章主要说明了2022年1月22日，19岁的英国比利时人Zara Rutherford成功将她的双座微型飞机降落在她155天前离开的Kortrijk-Wevelgem机场，实现了她成为最年轻的单人环球飞行女性的梦想。文章介绍了她对此的看法以及旅程中遇到的一些挑战。可推知，文章想表达“梦想远大，目标远大”的思想。故选B。
C
In order to help discover spoilage and reduce food waste for supermarkets and consumers researchers have developed new low-cost, smart phone-linked, eco-friendly spoilage sensors for meat and fish packaging.
One in three UK consumers throw away food just because it reaches the use-by date, but 60% of the £12.5 billion-worth of food we throw away each year is safe to eat.
The researchers, whose findings were published in ACS Sensors, say the sensors could also eventually replace the use-by date—a widely used indicator of being fresh and eatable.
The sensors cost two US cents each to make. Known as “paper-based electrical gas sensors (PEGS)”, they detect spoilage gases like ammonia (a poisonous gas with a strong unpleasant smell) in meat and fish products. The information provided by the electronic nose is received by a smart phone, and then you can know whether the food is fresh and safe to eat.
The Imperial College London researchers who developed PEGS made the sensors by printing carbon electrodes onto a special type of paper. The materials are eco-friendly and harmless, so they don’t damage the environment and are safe to use in food packaging. The sensors, combined with a tiny electronic system, then inform nearby mobile devices, which identify and understand the data about spoilage gases.
Lead author Dr Firat Guder of Imperial’s Department of Bioengineering, said, “Although they’re designed to keep us safe, use-by dates can lead to eatable food being thrown away. They don’t always reflect its actual freshness. In fact, people often get sick from food-borne diseases due to poor storage, even when an item is within its use-by date.”
“These sensors are cheap enough so we hope to see supermarkets using them within three years. Our goal is to use PEGS in food packaging to reduce unnecessary food waste.”
The authors hope that PEGS could have applications beyond food processing, like sensing chemicals in agriculture, air quality, and detecting disease markers in breath like those involved in kidney disease.
8. What is the function of PEGS according to the text?
A. To improve the taste of foods. B. To improve the service of stores.
C. To help supermarkets store foods. D. To help people test food freshness.
9. What role does the smartphone play while PEGS are functioning?
A. It acts as an electronic nose. B. It reads the data collected by PEGS.
C. It helps print the gas sensors onto paper. D. It discovers the spoilage gases from foods.
10. What does Dr. Firat Guder say about use-by dates?
A. They are not completely reliable. B. They can help reduce food waste.
C. They are based on scientific research. D. They are not accepted by the consumers.
11. What does the author mainly talk about in the text?
A. The process of researching spoilage sensors.
B. A new technology in packaging to reduce food waste.
C. The application of spoilage sensors beyond food processing.
D. The influence of use-by dates on supermarkets and consumers.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种可以减少食物浪费的新技术，名为“纸质电气气体传感器（PEGS）”。介绍了这种技术的工作方式以及人们对此技术未来应用领域的看法。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“The sensors cost two US cents each to make. Known as “paper-based electrical gas sensors (PEGS)”, they detect spoilage gases like ammonia (a poisonous gas with a strong unpleasant smell) in meat and fish products. The information provided by the electronic nose is received by a smart phone, and then you can know whether the food is fresh and safe to eat.(每个传感器的制造成本为2美分。它们被称为“纸质电气气体传感器（PEGS）”，可以检测出肉类和鱼类产品中的氨气（一种有强烈难闻气味的有毒气体）等腐败气体。 电子鼻子提供的信息被智能手机接收，然后你就可以知道食物是否新鲜和安全的食用)”可知，PEGS的功能是帮助人们检测食物的新鲜度。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“The sensors, combined with a tiny electronic system, then inform nearby mobile devices, which identify and understand the data about spoilage gases.(这些传感器与一个微型电子系统结合，然后通知附近的移动设备，这些移动设备可以识别并了解有关变质气体的数据)”可知，当PEGS运行时，智能手机的作用是读取PEGS收集的数据。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“Lead author Dr Firat Guder of Imperial’s Department of Bioengineering, said, “Although they’re designed to keep us safe, use-by dates can lead to eatable food being thrown away. They don’t always reflect its actual freshness. In fact, people often get sick from food-borne diseases due to poor storage, even when an item is within its use-by date.”(帝国理工大学生物工程系的第一作者Firat Guder博士说：“尽管保质期是为了保护我们的安全，但它可能导致可食用的食物被扔掉。它们并不总是反映它的实际新鲜度。事实上，人们经常会因为储存不当而患上食源性疾病，即使是在保质期内。”)”可推知，Firat Guder博士认为保质期不是完全可靠的。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“In order to help discover spoilage and reduce food waste for supermarkets and consumers, researchers have developed new low-cost, smart phone-linked, eco-friendly spoilage sensors for meat and fish packaging.(为了帮助超市和消费者发现食物的腐败现象，减少食物浪费，研究人员开发了一种新型低成本、智能手机连接、环保的腐败传感器，用于肉类和鱼类的包装)”结合文章主要介绍了一种可以减少食物浪费的新技术，名为“纸质电气气体传感器（PEGS）”。介绍了这种技术的工作方式以及人们对此技术未来应用领域的看法。可知，作者在文中主要谈到了减少食物浪费的包装新技术。故选B。
第二节七选五(共5小题:每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When you've got too much to do, the natural response is to try to fit in more tasks, in order to free up hours to do the things you love. There are countless books promising to help you, but these attempts don't always work. ___12___
The core problem is that the potential supply of new tasks is endless. Get faster at completing work projects and you'll simply be given more work, thanks to your reputation as an efficient employee. It’s the personal equivalent of what happens when a new lane is added to a motorway to ease traffic jams. ___13___So congestion remains as bad as it ever was.
___14___ Social expectations do, too. Research by historian Ruth Cowan highlights that when washing machines and vacuum cleaners were introduced, housework got more burdensome because standards of cleanliness also rose. Deep down, we believe the false promise of ever more efficiency. Yes, modest improvements in productivity can help you get through more work-but the truth is that there will always be more things worth doing than time in which to do them. ___15___
The option you take is up to you: perhaps you'll decide to tolerate a messy house in order to spend more time reading to your children. Or perhaps you're willing to sacrifice a reputation as the best worker in your office because your side business as a jewellery designer is worth it. ___16___ Otherwise, it’ll get made for you—and you may find yourself replying to emails at 11:30 p.m. on a Friday night.
A. If you want to spend more time with your children, you have to do everything else more efficiently.
B. Instead, the more you struggle to get on top of things’, the busier you find yourself.
C. Get quicker at answering emails, and you’ll get more of them.
D. It's not just work that mounts up as efficiency rises.
E. What maters is making the choice consciously.
F. The extra capacity just attracts more cars.
G. So we always have to make hard choices.
【答案】12. B 13. F 14. D 15. G 16. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章就如何应对忙碌提出了一些建议。
【12题详解】
根据上文“When you've got too much to do, the natural response is to try to fit in more tasks, in order to free up hours to do the things you love. There are countless books promising to help you, but these attempts don't always work. (当你有太多的事情要做时，自然的反应是试着安排更多的任务，这样就能腾出更多的时间来做你喜欢的事情。有无数的书承诺会帮助你，但这些尝试并不总是有效)”可知，本句承上进一步解释，指出相关的书并不是都很管用，反而会让你变得更忙碌。故B选项“相反，你越是努力去掌控事情，你就会发现自己越忙”符合语境，故选B。
【13题详解】
根据上文“It’s the personal equivalent of what happens when a new lane is added to a motorway to ease traffic jams. (就个人而言，这相当于在高速公路上增加一条新车道以缓解交通堵塞)”可知，上文提到相当于增加了一条新车道，故本句承接上文说明其影响：吸引更多的汽车。F项中的The extra capacity与上文所述的新加一条车道相呼应。故F选项“额外的产能只会吸引更多的汽车”符合语境，故选F。
【14题详解】
根据上一段中“Get faster at completing work projects and you'll simply be given more work, thanks to your reputation as an efficient employee.(更快地完成工作项目，你会得到更多的工作，这要归功于你作为高效率员工的声誉)”以及后文“Social expectations do, too. Research by historian Ruth Cowan highlights that when washing machines and vacuum cleaners were introduced, housework got more burdensome because standards of cleanliness also rose. (社会期望也是如此。历史学家鲁斯•考恩的研究强调，当洗衣机和吸尘器问世后，家务劳动变得更加繁重，因为清洁标准也提高了)”可知，上一段提到“更快地完成工作项目，你会得到更多的工作”，后文则提到了“社会期望也会增加”，可知本句承上启下，说明效率的提高，不仅仅是工作的增加，社会期望也会增加。故D选项“随着效率的提高，不仅仅是工作的增加”符合语境，故选D。
【15题详解】
根据上文“Yes, modest improvements in productivity can help you get through more work-but the truth is that there will always be more things worth doing than time in which to do them.(是的，适度提高生产率可以帮助你完成更多的工作——但事实是，值得做的事情总是比值得花时间去做的事情多)”可知，生产力的提高意味着我们可以做更多的工作，但是我们会发现，要做的事情总是比我们拥有的时间多，故本句与上文呈因果关系：正因为要做的事情比拥有的时间多，所以我们总要做艰难的选择。故G选项“所以我们总是不得不做出艰难的选择”符合语境，故选G。
【16题详解】
根据上文“The option you take is up to you: perhaps you'll decide to tolerate a messy house in order to spend more time reading to your children. Or perhaps you're willing to sacrifice a reputation as the best worker in your office because your side business as a jewellery designer is worth it. (你的选择取决于你自己：也许你会决定忍受家里乱糟糟的，以便花更多的时间给你的孩子读书。或者你愿意牺牲办公室里最好员工的名声，因为你的副业是珠宝设计师，这是值得的)”以及后文“Otherwise, it’ll get made for you—and you may find yourself replying to emails at 11:30 p.m. on a Friday night. (否则，它会成为你身上特有的事情——你可能会发现自己在周五晚上11点半回复邮件)” 根据设空处后的Otherwise可知，做选择的时候，要明明白白，否则事后还是会让自己陷于忙碌之中。故E选项“重要的是有意识地做出选择”符合语境，故选E。
第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In March 2017, Susan Happel Bohrnstedt lost her 19-year-old son Ben. As his 20th birthday on the 9th of September ____17____ , she found herself increasingly ____18____ and anxious about how she and her family would ____19____ his life.
Then, she ____20____ a post for “Evansvillerocks!”, a group of people in her town of Evansville, Indiana, who ____21____ and then hid rocks to bring ____22____ to others. She joined and after a few weeks of seeing all the joy being shared, Susan ____23____ this was the way she would honor her son. “On Ben's birthday my family and I got together, ____24____ stories, laughed, cried and painted 20 rocks. Most had special meanings, and all were painted with ____25____,” she said.
Susan did not ____26____ “Rocks4Ben” as she called the painted rocks, to have had such a wide ____27____. People from Evansville have taken the rocks on their travels around the world.
I can't even explain how ____28____ it is to see a photo of a rock I painted in Evansville, Indiana sitting on the steps of the Sydney Opera House or in front of the Great Pyramid in Egypt.” She ____29____ , “In painting rocks I've found healing, inspiration and, some days, a ____30____ , reason to keep moving forward. There is ____31____ because my son is with me as I paint. Each rock is a tribute (致敬) to him and his name is on the back of every one.”
17. A. appeared B. ended C. began D. approached
18. A. passionate B. active C. withdrawn D. pessimistic
19. A. waste B. protect C. honor D. save
20. A. put out B. came across C. drew up D. marked down
21. A. painted B. cut C. threw D. bought
22. A. confidence B. disappointment C. happiness D. curiosity
23. A. recommended B. imagined C. suspected D. decided
24. A. wrote B. changed C. shared D. published
25. A. love B. silence C. surprise D. dignity
26. A. allow B. expect C. promise D. admit
27. A. choice B. concern C. application D. influence
28. A. awesome B. frightening C. ridiculous D. strange
29. A. announced B. added C. responded D. complained
30. A. conscience B. morality C. priority D. purpose
31. A. peace B. harmony C. honesty D. sympathy
【答案】17. D 18. C 19. C 20. B 21. A 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一位母亲画石头纪念她去世的儿子的故事。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着9月9日他20岁生日的临近，她发现自己越来越孤僻，越来越担心她和她的家人会如何纪念他的生命。A. appeared出现；B. ended结束；C. began开始；D. approached接近。由第7空后的“honor her son”可知，此处是表示“他的生日临近”，故选D。
【18题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着9月9日他20岁生日的临近，她发现自己越来越孤僻，越来越担心她和她的家人会如何纪念他的生命。A. passionate热诚的；B. active活跃的；C. withdrawn沉默寡言的；D. pessimistic悲观的。由“found herself increasingly”和前面的“lost her 19-year-old son Ben”可知，她儿子死了，她越来越孤僻，沉默寡言，故选C。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着9月9日他20岁生日的临近，她发现自己越来越孤僻，越来越担心她和她的家人会如何纪念他的生命。A. waste浪费；B. protect保护；C. honor纪念；D. save救。由上文的“As his 20th birthday on the 9th of September ____1__”可知，在儿子20岁生日临近时，她是担心她和她的家人会如何纪念他的生命，故选C。
【20题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后，她看到一个写“埃文斯维尔洛克！”的帖子，那是印第安那州埃文斯维尔镇的一群人，他们在石头上作画，然后把石头藏起来，以给别人带来快乐。A. put out熄灭；B. came across无意中发现；C. drew up草拟；D. marked down记下。由后面的“a post for “Evansvillerocks!””可知，她是偶然看到了那个帖子，空格处是“偶然发现”，故选B。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，她看到一个写着“埃文斯维尔洛克！”的帖子，那是印第安那州埃文斯维尔镇的一群人，他们在石头上作画，然后把石头藏起来，以给别人带来快乐。A. painted画画；B. cut切；C. threw扔；D. bought买。根据第8空后的“painted 20 rocks”可知，他们是在石头上作画，故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，她看到一个写着“埃文斯维尔洛克！”的帖子，那是印第安那州埃文斯维尔镇的一群人，他们在石头上作画，然后把石头藏起来，以给别人带来快乐。A. confidence自信；B. disappointment失望；C. happiness快乐；D. curiosity好奇心。由后面的“seeing all the joy being shared”可知，他们是在石头上作画，然后把石头藏起来，以给别人带来快乐，故选C。
23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她加入了，几个星期后，看到所有的欢乐被分享，苏珊决定这是她纪念她儿子的方式。A. recommended推荐；B. imagined想象；C. suspected怀疑；D. decided决定。由后文的“On Ben's birthday my family and I got together, ____8____ stories, laughed, cried and painted 20 rocks”可知，她决定采用这种方法来纪念她的儿子，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在本的生日那天，我和家人聚在一起，分享故事、欢笑、哭泣，还画了20块石头。A. wrote写；B. changed改变；C. shared分享；D. published出版。由“stories”可知，他们是分享故事，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：大多数都有特殊含义，而且都被绘上了爱的色彩。A. love爱；B. silence安静；C. surprise惊讶；D. dignity尊严。由“all were painted with”及画画是为了纪念她的儿子可知，那是都被绘上了爱的色彩，故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：苏珊没有想到“Rocks4Ben”——她这样称呼这些彩绘岩石——会产生如此广泛的影响。A. allow允许；B. expect预料；C. promise承诺；D. admit承认。由后文的“People from Evansville have taken the rocks on their travels around the world”可知，“Rocks4Ben”带来了很大的影响，而刚开始时她只是为了纪念自己的儿子，因此这是她没料到的，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：苏珊没有想到“Rocks4Ben”——她这样称呼这些彩绘岩石——会产生如此广泛的影响。A. choice选择；B. concern担心；C. application应用；D. influence影响。由后文的“People from Evansville have taken the rocks on their travels around the world”可知，她画的石头带来了广泛的影响，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到我在印第安纳州埃文斯维尔画的一块石头的照片，它放在悉尼歌剧院的台阶上，或是埃及的大金字塔前，那是一种多么棒的感觉。A. awesome让人惊叹的；B. frightening令人害怕的；C. ridiculous可笑的；D. strange奇怪的。由“see a photo of a rock I painted in Evansville, Indiana sitting on the steps of the Sydney Opera House or in front of the Great Pyramid in Egypt”可知，看到我在印第安纳州埃文斯维尔画的一块石头的照片，它放在悉尼歌剧院的台阶上，或是埃及的大金字塔前是一件令人惊叹的事情，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她补充说，“在画岩石的过程中，我找到了治愈的方法、灵感，有时还找到了继续前进的目标和理由。”A. announced宣布；B. added补充；C. responded回答；D. complained抱怨。根据下文继续讲到她所说的话可知，她是在补充说道，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她补充说，“在画岩石的过程中，我找到了治愈的方法、灵感，有时还找到了继续前进的目标和理由。”A. conscience良心；B. morality道德；C. priority优先事项；D. purpose目的。由后文的“to keep moving forward”可知，她是找到继续前进的目标，故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有平静，因为我的儿子在我画的时候和我在一起。A. peace和平；B. harmony和谐；C. honesty诚实；D. sympathy同情。由“my son is with me as I paint”可知，想到她画画的时候儿子是和她在一起的会给她带来平静，故选A。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
How do we prevent transmission of the virus?
This new virus currently has a ___32___(limit) geographic spread. ___33___, there are a number of standard hygiene(卫生) practices ___34___ have been recommended to protect against infection and further spread. These include covering your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing with a medical mask, tissue or flexed elbow; avoiding close contact with those who are unwell; the appropriate use of ___35___ (mask) and personal protective equipment, ___36___ (especial) in a healthcare setting; washing hands regularly with soap and water, or alcohol-based hand rub. Actions that can be taken to prevent infection from ___37___animal source include: avoiding unnecessary unprotected contact with animals; washing hands after contact with animals or animal products; and ensuring that animal products are cooked thoroughly before they ___38___ (consume).
___39___is important to stay home if you’re feeling unwell. But if you have a fever cough, and difficulty ___40___ (breath), seek medical care early and share your previous travel history ___41___ your healthcare provider.
【答案】32. limited
33. However
34. that/which
35. masks 36. especially
37. an 38. are consumed
39. It 40. breathing
41. with
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。介绍了如何防止病毒传播的一些具体措施。
【32题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这种新病毒目前的地理传播范围有限。修饰名词短语geographic spread用形容词，指有限的地理传播，故填limited。
【33题详解】
考查连词。句意：然而，有一些标准的卫生措施已被推荐，以防止感染和进一步传播。前后句是转折关系，结合空后的逗号，故填However。
【34题详解】
考查定语从句。句意同上。句中包含定语从句，先行词是practices指物，在定语从句中做主语，用关系代词that/which引导，故填that/which。
【35题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：适当使用口罩和个人防护设备，特别是在医疗环境中。作介词of的宾语用名词，the use of+名词指“……的使用”，此处前面没有冠词，表示泛指用复数，故填masks。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意同上。修饰后面的介词短语用副词，意为“特别是在医疗环境中”，故填especially。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：可以采取的防止来自动物源的感染措施包括：避免与动物进行不必要的无保护的接触。animal是单数可数名词，且开头是元音因素，表示“一种”用an，故填an。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：确保动物产品在食用前彻底煮熟。句中they指的是animal products，与动词consume是被动关系，在从句中作谓语用被动语态。结合全文是一般现在时，故填are consumed。
【39题详解】
考查代词。句意：如果你感觉不舒服，呆在家里是很重要的。句中用it做形式主语，不定式to stay home是真正主语，故填It。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。此处表示“做某事有困难”用have difficulty (in)doing sth.故填breathing。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：但是如果你有发烧、咳嗽和呼吸困难，尽早就医，和你的医疗服务人员分享你以前的旅行经历。“和某人分享某事”是share sth. with sb.故填with。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共三节, 满分40分)
第一节单项选择(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
根据题意, 选出最佳选项。
42. Her many talents were________ all her friends.
A. the envy among B. the envy of C. the envy at D. the envy in
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：她的许多才能使她所有的朋友都羡慕。表示“羡慕”短语为be the envy of。故选B。
43. In spring all kinds of flowers________ their sweet smell.
A. give up B. give in C. give out D. give off
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：春天，各种各样的花都散发出芬芳。A. give up放弃；B. give in让步；C. give out分发；D. give off散发。根据常识可知，到了春天，花朵应该是散发出芬芳的气味。故选D。
44. I felt more than ordinary human________ for him in his misfortune. I was deeply moved as a fellow sufferer.
A. agreement B. sorrow C. symbol D. sympathy
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对他的遭遇, 不只是普普通通的同情, 还有一种深切的同病相怜的感触。A. agreement同意；B. sorrow悲痛；C. symbol象征，符号；D. sympathy同情。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作表语，根据句意可知，此处表示“同情”应为sympathy符合句意。故选D项。
45. Our school football club________ twenty boys and twenty girls.
A. made of B. is made of C. is made up of D. makes of
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们学校的足球俱乐部是由二十个男生和二十个女生组成的。空处为谓语，固定短语be made up of“由……组成”，符合题意，A项是非谓语，B项“由……制成”，D项“理解，对待”均不符合句意。故选C项。
46. I was so surprised that he________ my invitation.
A. turned in B. turned out C. turned down D. turned into
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我很惊讶，他拒绝了我的邀请。A. turned in上交；B. turned out结果是；C. turned down拒绝；D. turned into变成。根据后文invitation指拒绝邀请。故选C。
47. His parents urge him________ playing the piano every day.
A. practice B. to practice C. practicing D. to practicing
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。句意：他的父母敦促他每天练习弹钢琴。固定搭配：urge sb. to do sth.“催促某人做某事”，其中动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选B。
48. I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ________.
A. catching B. caught
C. to catch D. to be caught
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在整个会议期间我一直在看钟表，因为我要去赶火车。have在本句中意为“有”，根据固定结构Sb have sth to do某人有某事要做，在本句中to do由主语完成，故选C。
【点睛】本句考查的是have的复合结构：have+宾语+非谓语，既是重点又是难点。对于have的复合结构，非谓语用什么形式，首先确定have的词义，是“有”还是“让”，have（有）+ sth to do sth (由主语完成）；have（让）+宾语+do / doing / done (用哪种形式需要具体分析），所以要正确理解句意和本结构的具体用法，灵活掌握才能把题作对。
49. The speaker, ______for her wonderful speeches, will deliver a lecture in our school next week.
A. to know B. being known C. known D. knowing
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位以精彩演讲著称的演讲者将于下周在我们学校发表演讲。句子的谓语为will deliver，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，be known for为固定短语，意为“以……而闻名”，需用过去分词形式作状语。故选C。
50 （2013江西高考）_________ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.
A. Whoever B. Whatever
C. Whichever D. Wherever
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：无论你们其中哪个人弄坏窗子都得为之赔偿。主句谓语为will have to pay，之前为主语从句， whichever“无论哪一个”，作定语。故选C。
51. We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of _______ it used to charge.
A. that B. which
C. what D. how
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：我们之所以选择这家酒店，是因为这里一晚的价格降到20美元，是过去收费的一半。分析句子可知，介词of后跟宾语从句，在从句中作charge的宾语，表示“所……的”，要用what，故选C项。
52. We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ________ the weather may be better.
A. that B. where
C. which D. when
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们将把公园的野餐推迟到下个星期，那时天气可能会更好。使用定语从句，先行词是next week，定语从句中不缺少主宾表，缺少时间状语。故选D。
【点睛】定语从句的考查主要就是考查关系词的辨析，关系代词that, which, whose, whom, as， who在句中做主语，宾语，表语或者定语；where, why, when在句中做地点，原因和时间状语。要分析定语从句的成分，看缺少什么成分，就选用相应的关系词。
53. —What will the weather be like tomorrow?
—I have no idea. I was on the phone when the weather report ________.
A. is broadcast B. was being broadcast
C. has been broadcast D. had been broadcast
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：——明天天气会怎样？——我不知道。天气预报播送的时候我正在打电话。结合上文“I was on the phone when the weather report”可知指过去某个时刻正在做某事，应用过去进行时，且the weather report与broadcast构成被动关系，用过去进行时的被动语态。故选B。
54. If he ________ his teacher’s suggestion, he would have won the English Speech Contest.
A. had followed B. should follow
C. was to follow D. followed
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他听从了老师的建议，他就会赢得英语演讲比赛了。根据“would have won”可知，此处表示对过去的虚拟，从句谓语形式为had+过去分词，故A项正确。
【点睛】注意在if引导的虚拟条件句中，表示对现在的虚拟时，从句谓语形式为动词过去式（be 用were），主句谓语形式为should/could/would+动词原形，如：If they didn’t take physical exercises every day, they would be so healthy；表示对过去的虚拟时，从句谓语形式为had+过去分词，主句谓语形式为should/could/would have+过去分词，如：If you had taken my advice, you wouldn’t have failed in the test；表示对将来的虚拟时，从句谓语形式为动词过去式（be用were）/should+动词原形/were to+动词原形，主句谓语形式为should/could/would+动词原形，如：If it were to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off。
55. Not until recently ____________ the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.
A. they had encouraged B. had they encouraged
C. did they encourage D. they encouraged
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查部分倒装。句意：直到最近他们才鼓励在农村地区开展与旅游业有关的活动。当not until所引导的时间状语放在句首时，主句要使用部分倒装。陈述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，故C项正确。
【点睛】部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词提至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。
一、 句首为否定或半否定的词语如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way,
not until 等时，句子要倒装。如：
1. Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. 无论如何你不会找到这个问题的答案。
2. Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 母亲一直到孩子入睡后才离开房间。
Not until位于句首引导的主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。
二、so, neither, nor位于句首时，表示"也"、"也不" 的句子要部分倒装。如：
1. Tom can speak French. So can Jack. 汤姆会讲法语，杰克也会。
2. If you won’t go, neither will I.你不去，我也不去。
三、only位于句首，且强调状语时,句子也必须用部分倒装。 如：
1. Only in this way, can you learn English well.
2. Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.
四、其他部分倒装 的情况。
1. so…that… 句型中的so 位于句首时，句子需倒装。如：
So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. 他害怕得很，动也不敢动。
2. 在某些表示祝愿的句型中。如： May you all be happy. 愿你们都快乐。
考点：考查部分倒装
56. Professor James will gave us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where ________ yet.
A. hasn’t been decided B. haven’t been decided
C. isn’t being decided D. aren’t being decided
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：詹姆斯·威尔教授给我们作了一次关于西方文化的讲座，但何时何地还没有决定。句子的主语是when and where指一件事情的两个方面，仍然使用单数形式；根据yet说明使用现在完成时，助动词用has。故选A项。
第二节单词拼写(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
根据中文意思和首字母填入单词的适当形式, 要求用B6U4—U5, B7U1所学的词汇表里的单词, 每空一词。(注意: 要把包含首字母的完整单词填写到答题卡, 否则无分。)
57. At the sight of the c________(残酷), he could scarcely contain his anger. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】cruelty##ruelty
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：看到这种残忍的行为，他几乎无法抑制自己的愤怒。根据单词首字母以及提示可知应填名词cruelty，作宾语，不可数。故填cruelty。
58. Those registered are able to enjoy free services such as g________(指导) on employment policies and laws. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】guidance##uidance
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：注册人员可以免费享受就业政策和法律指导等服务。根据首字母和汉语提示可知，空处可使用名词guidance（指导）在句中作宾语。故填guidance。
59. We thought of selling this old f________(家具), but we’ve decided to hold on to it. It might be valuable. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】furniture##urniture
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们本想卖掉这些旧家具，但我们决定留着。它可能很有价值。根据首字母和汉语提示可知，空处可使用不可数名词furniture（家具）在句中作宾语。故填furniture。
60. U________(不幸地), her works did not attract much attention in the 1930s and 1940s. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】Unfortunately##nfortunately
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：不幸地是，她的作品在十九世纪三四十年代并没有引起人们的关注。句首应该使用一个副词修饰整个句子，表示说话者说这个句子时的一种情感色彩。根据汉语提示“不幸地”及首字母可知，副词unfortunately符合题意。故填unfortunately或nfortunately。
61. She is in Greece on an a________(任务)for one of the Sunday newspapers. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】assignment##ssignment
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：她在希腊为一家Sunday报纸执行任务。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作宾语，根据提示的汉语和首字母可知，表示“任务”应为assignment，且空前有不定冠词an，所以使用名词单数。故填assignment。
62. R________(种族)has always been a hot button in this country’s history. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】Race##ace
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：种族问题一直是这个国家历史上的一个热点问题。根据单词首字母以及提示可知应填名词race，作主语。故填Race。
63. The decision was based on ignorance and p__________ (偏见). (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】prejudice##rejudice
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这一决定是基于无知和偏见。根据首字母p可知，表示“偏见”应用名词prejudice作宾语。故填prejudice。
64. Wipe the mushrooms clean and thread them on a s________(细绳). (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】string##tring
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：把蘑菇擦干净，然后把它们穿在细绳上。根据单词首字母和汉语提示“细绳”及前文on a可知，此处应用单数名词string作宾语。故填string。
65. This affects Chinese summer rainfall v________(变化), particularly in north and northeast China. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】variation##ariation
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这影响了中国夏季降雨的变化，特别是在中国北部和东北部。根据汉语提示可知，此处需要填入名词“变化”，variation表示“变化”；降雨量的变化是不可数的。故填variation。
66. Weather-forecasters have d________(精致的) equipment which helps them predict what the weather is going to be like. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】delicate##elicate
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：天气预报员有精密的设备来帮助他们预测天气的走向。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词equipment，由首字母提示d可知，“精致的”是delicate，故填delicate。
67. Every purchaser of a pound of coffee received a box of cookies as a b________(意外收获). (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】bonus##onus
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：每买一磅咖啡的人都得到一盒免费的饼干作为奖励。空前的不定冠词表明此处缺少单数名词作介词as的宾语，根据首字母提示和汉语提示可知是bonus，故填bonus。
68. The old Roman walls may still be seen but not in their i________(完整). (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】integrity##ntegrity
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：古罗马的城墙还能看到，但已不完整了。根据单词首字母以及提示可知应填名词integrity，作宾语，不可数。故填integrity。
69. The inhabitants have to walk a mile to f________(取来)water. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】fetch##etch
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：居民们不得不步行一英里去取水。分析可知，空处考查不定式，作目的状语，应填动词原形，结合汉语提示以及首字母可知，应填动词fetch，表示“拿来，请来”。故填fetch。
70. Both sides in the conflict have agreed temporarily to s________(暂停)hostilities. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】suspend
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：冲突双方都同意暂时停止敌对行动。根据首字母和所给汉语可知，“暂停”的英文表达是suspend；动词agree后面用动词不定式作宾语，to do中的to已经给出。故填suspend。
71. For the President, the c________(计算)are equally difficult. If the peacekeeping operation goes wrong, he risks appearing weak. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】calculations
【解析】
【详解】考查名词作主语。句意：对总统来说，计算同样困难。如果维和行动出错，他可能会显得软弱。根据空前的the、首字母和所给汉语可知，“计算”的英文表达是calculation，再根据谓语动词are可知，此处用名词复数作主语。故填calculations。
第三节课文填空(共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分)
根据课文内容或晨背背诵内容, 填入正确的单词, 每空一词。
72. But I was so________ about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship, the Endurance. (根据句意填空)
【答案】enthusiastic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我很想和他们一起去，所以我偷偷上了他的船——耐力号。结合句意提示，表示“热情的”为形容词enthusiastic，在句中作表语。故填enthusiastic。
73. We were not allowed to take most of our personal________, and Shackleton himself threw away all his gold. (根据句意填空)
【答案】belongings
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们不被允许带走大部分私人财产，沙克尔顿自己也把他所有的金子都扔掉了。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词，根据句意和空后的“threw away all his gold”可知，此处应为belongings意为“财产”在句中作宾语。故填belongings。
74. Others try to convey certain feelings such as joy and________.(根据句意填空)
【答案】sorrow
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：其他人则试图传达某些情感，如快乐和悲伤。joy and sorrow快乐和悲伤，根据句意，故填sorrow。
75. Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that consists of 17________.(根据句意填空)
【答案】syllables
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：俳句是一种日本诗歌形式，由17个音节组成。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作宾语，根据句意可知，所以此处应表示“音节”为syllable，根据空前的17可知，此处应为名词复数。故填syllables。
76. She told him how she was unhappy that her home wasn’t elegant enough for Larry, who wanted to improve his social position with a bigger________.(根据句意填空)
【答案】one
【解析】
【详解】考查不定代词。句意：她告诉他，对于拉里来说，她的家不够优雅，她很不高兴，因为拉里想换一所更大的房子来提高自己的社会地位。此处为同类不同物泛指，根据上文home可知，此处填one，相当于a home。故填one。
77. She had an________ to paint her nails, and then she went into an expensive clothes shop. (根据句意填空)
【答案】appointment
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：她预约去涂了指甲，然后她走进了一家昂贵的服装店。该空需要一个名词作宾语，根据空前冠词an可知，应是一个以元音因素开头的名词；根据句意，本句在叙述她的行程，她应该是和做美甲的人约好了时间去涂指甲，然后去购物。由此可知，名词appointment(预约)符合题意。故填appointment。
78. I was________ by a strong sense of horror and my palms were sweating. (根据句意填空)
【答案】seized
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我被深深的恐惧感所控制，手心出汗。结合句意可知，此处指“我被深深的恐惧感所控制”，seize突然侵袭，突然控制，动词，句子是一般过去时的被动语态，空处应填过去分词，故填seized。
79. Her eyes were sparkling like________ at the good news. (根据句意填空)
【答案】diamonds
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：听到这个好消息，她的眼睛像钻石一样闪闪发光。根据句意可知应填复数名词diamonds（钻石），表泛指，作宾语。故填diamonds。
80. She________, hiding her face in her hands. (根据句意填空)
【答案】sobbed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：她用手捂着脸啜泣着。根据句意可知应填动词sob（啜泣），结合语境可知为一般过去时。故填sobbed。
81. So________ was she that she could feel the blood rush to her face. (根据句意填空)
【答案】ashamed
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她感到羞愧极了，血液都涌上了她的脸。根据下文she could feel the blood rush to her face可知，此处可用形容词ashamed，表示“惭愧的，羞愧的”，作表语，此处为So+adj.引起的倒装句型。故填ashamed。
第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
82. 你校英文报Youth正在征集关于北京冬奥会的征文，请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.简单介绍北京冬奥会；
2.难忘的一个瞬间；
3.你的感受。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Beijing Winter Olympics in My Eyes
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The Winter Olympic Games are an international winter sport event taking place every four years. Beijing successfully held the 2022 Winter Olympics last month, which is certain to strengthen the east and west culture bridge again.
Besides the lovely mascot that captured my hearts, I was also impressed by the spectacular opening ceremony. The dreamlike colors, the eye-catching high-tech and the warm atmosphere demonstrated in The Bird’s Nest thrilled my heart, which is something I will never forget.
With the Winter Olympics, Beijing has become the world’s first city to host both the summer and winter editions of the Olympic Games. It is absolutely a great honor for China.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于征文。要求考生给校英文报Youth投稿，介绍北京冬奥会和其中难忘的一个瞬间。
【详解】1.词汇积累
巩固，增强：strengthen → enhance
吸引，捕获：capture → catch/seize
展示：demonstrate → show
使兴奋，使激动：thrill → excite
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The Winter Olympic Games are an international winter sport event taking place every four years.
拓展句：The Winter Olympic Games are an international winter sport event which takes place every four years.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Beijing successfully held the 2022 Winter Olympics last month, which is certain to strengthen the east and west culture bridge again. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Besides the lovely mascot that captured my hearts, I was also impressed by the spectacular opening ceremony.(运用了that引导限制性定语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
83. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I am a proud mother of three children, my last little one being delivered in the middle of this pandemic. She was born in August and her name is Aida.
Shortly after having Aida, my mother-in-law Ann showed me something she learned from her friend’s mother in an art class she attended weekly. She had showed me how to knit (编织) a scarf. She showed me stitches (针) and gave me her half done project.
I spent a lot of time breastfeeding my sweet little girl, so I had some extra time to do something with my hands throughout the day. I enjoyed making the scarf so I purchased tons of yarn (线) since it was winter. I wanted to make scarves for my three children as Christmas gifts.
There was a new family that moved in down the street. The only daughter of the family was Jane, a shy girl, aged 14, the same age of my oldest son David. It seemed that she came from a financially disadvantaged family, for she always wore old clothes. Worse sill, in such cold days, she had no more clothes to wear and trembled with cold.
Due to the pandemic, society was thrown into crisis mode. Schools were closed, food supplies and deliveries were suspended and children were stuck at home. In such discouraging times, however, they became good companions, talking and playing at home or around the houses.
It was dreadfully cold this winter. Every time David came back from outside, with red face, he always cried, “Mum, it is freezing outside!” Then, he came over to see whether I finished the scarf. I could tell how impatient he was to wear my scarf sooner! I had to speed the project to satisfy his expectation. But David comforted me saying he could wait a few days. What a kind and considerate boy he was ! Then my great art project finally was accomplished on the morning ahead of Christmas.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I wrapped the scarf around David’s neck.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Later that day David came back saying Jane also deserved a scarf.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 I wrapped the scarf around David’s neck. David’s face lit up with joy. Stroking the scarf softly, David excitedly kissed me in the cheek, beaming at me “Thank you, Mum. This is the best gift I have ever received.” Before I could say anything, he dashed out to join Jane with a spring in his step. I felt relieved and content as a mother, seeing David play happily outside, with the scarf sheltering him to brave the bone-chilling wind. Wearing a smile on my face, I continued my chores that morning.
Later that day David came back saying Jane also deserved a scarf. Obviously, David noticed Jane could hardly bear the freezing weather with worn-out clothes. “Can I give this to Jane as a Christmas gift?” David ventured in a low voice. Smilingly, I nodded. Seeing David rush into Jane’s house with the scarf in his hand, felt burst of pride. I was happy that both of them received the best gift for Christmas. For Jane-a scarf to keep warm, and for David—a taste of happiness of giving.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了疫情期间作者的小女儿出生后作者跟家里的老人学会了织围巾，她想给家里的三个孩子织围巾。在寒冷的冬天，一个来自经济拮据家庭的小女孩简总是被冻得瑟瑟发抖。由于疫情大爆发，社会陷入危机模式，学校关闭，食品供应和运输暂停，孩子们被困在家里。然而，在这种令人沮丧的时期，孩子们和简成了好伙伴，在家里或在房子周围聊天、玩耍。最终作者给孩子们织好了围巾。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我把围巾围在大卫的脖子上。”可知，第一段可描写大卫在带上围巾后感动和开心的样子。
②由第二段首句内容“那天晚些时候，大卫回来说简也应该得到一条围巾。”可知，第二段可描写大卫给简也送了一条温暖的围巾。
2.续写线索：大卫带上围巾——开心——母亲满足——大卫想到简没有围巾——送围巾——母亲感慨
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.冲出去：dashed out /rush out
②.忍受：bear/ endure
情绪类
①.满足：content/ satisfied
②.感到骄傲：feel burst of pride/be proud of
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Before I could say anything, he dashed out to join Jane with a spring in his step.（此句中有Before引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]. Seeing David rush into Jane’s house with the scarf in his hand, felt burst of pride.（此句中有现在分词作状语）
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