精品解析：河南省沁阳市第一中学2022-2023学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题（原卷版）

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河南省沁阳一中2023学年高三(上)开学考试英语第一部分完型(共20小题,每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。At 36, I have three kids and a great husband, and I'm enjoying a challenging but fun career. Although this is ___1___ , sometimes I feel my heart asking if this is who I truly am.The chaos of the family kitchen ___2___ my brain: the noise of the kettle, pots and the dishes, and the conversation demands while I'm making breakfast. I escape ___3___ to my bedroom. Only in silence do I hear the self that is ___4___ from the children and wonder who that person might be.So, I journeyed, for the first time in a decade, without my husband or kids. I went with a friend to ___5___ in Iceland. I hoped the consideration of walking would help me better ___6___ who I want to be. For 6 days, I was absorbed in ___7___ scenery and real weather. The mountains in Iceland ___8___ black and tall into the heavens against the white of the snow. Looking outside at wild wind and rain and knowing there's no ___9___ to make freed the soul. Climbing a mountain against sheets of rain and returning to a tent for a simple meal ___10___ me how little I actually needed and how ___11___ I felt when uncomfortable.I found ___12___ in Iceland and time to consider “the me” outside of career and kids as I shared stories with strangers with no ___13___ past and no expected future. When I stopped talking and just listened, I was surprised at how my ___14___ changed — I became more generous. I learned generosity can ___15___ more space, more food and more warmth ___16___ when there may not seem enough to go around at first glance.I came home to noise, chaos and love. I know the answer isn't waiting out there on the top of a mountain or inside my head if I just ___17___ hard enough to hear, and it isn't in conversation with other seeking souls. The answer is in front of me with every step on my own life’s ___18___.I'm not finding myself, but I'm creating myself. I need the storm as much as I need the quietness. ___19___ is built under a heavy load. I'm expecting to ___20___ all of my loads and travel on.1. A. progress B. reward C. success D. encouragement2. A. disturbs B. awakes C. quiets D. ruins3. A. instantly B. eventually C. suddenly D. briefly4. A. accessible B. separate C. tired D. different5. A. hike B. volunteer C. settle D. wander6. A. judge B. consider C. question D. understand7. A. changeable B. green C. wild D. surrounding8. A. turn B. rise C. form D. appear9. A. picture B. decision C. peace D. promise10. A. reminded B. warned C. convinced D. told11. A. stubborn B. nervous C. satisfied D. strong12. A. confidence B. value C. silence D. happiness13. A. shared B. painful C. troubled D. glorious14. A. concern B. attitude C. life D. character15. A. develop B. explore C. offer D. create16. A. indeed B. just C. only D. even17. A. try B. calm C. move D. manage18. A. design B. choice C. path D. belief19. A. Pleasure B. Strength C. Spirit D. Pressure20. A. think over B. deal with C. lay down D. pick up第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)AVail Marriott Mountain ResortVail Winter Weather GuideCovered in grand mountains,flashing lights and snowy pines,Vail is perfect for explorers and people who love adventures alike.Whether skiing down the slopes for the first time or the hundredth,this guide will ensure that you're ready for everything this city has to offer.Best Time to VacationDecember through to March tends to be the best time for those interested in skiing down the slopes in style.Know Before You GoMake the necessary preparations and reservations in advance:●Ski and Snowboard Rentals(租赁）：Don't have your own equipment?Vail Sports rents out a variety of skis and snowboards for all ages and abilities,as well as snow shoes and helmets.●Clothing Rentals:For those not interested in purchasing hundreds of dollars of ski clothing for one vacation,Mountain Threads has a rental program just for you.Get mountain necessities like coats,pants and goggles(护目镜）shipped to you,or save room in your luggage by having your equipment delivered right to the resort.●Sunscreen(防晒霜）：You might not think about getting sunburn,but it happens to skiers and snowboarders every day.●Difficulty levels:It's important to know what level you're at before jumping on a ski lift and heading up the mountain.Use a free trail map and plan the slopes you're going to skid own ahead of time based on the following levels you'll find up the mountain:●Green Circle:These are the easiest slopes.●Blue Square:These indicate average to medium levels.●Black Diamond:The most advanced slopes.Some mountains will feature double black diamondsindicating even higher difficulty.While Vail is famous for snow sportsyou'll find plenty of other fun things to do once the sun goes down or you are tired.Explore the rest of our website for more information!21. When is the best time to visit Vail if you like skiing?A. October through to March.B. December through to March.C. December through to February.D. November through to March.22. Before you go to the Vail Marriott Mountain Resort,you will have to take ______with youA. snow shoes B. ski clothing C. sunscreen D. a trail map23. Where is recommended for a ski expert who wants to challenge himself?A. Blue Square. B. Black Diamond.C. Green Circle. D. Double Black Diamonds.BThere are only 11 documented cases of congenital aglossia(先天性无舌）in the world.Despite being born without a tongue,I can speak and swallow and taste just like anyone else.I was born in 1969,in the days before ultrasound scans(超声波检查）。Everything was normal and there was nothing to suggest that I'd be different.But when I was born,Mum found that there was something wrong with my mouth.The doctor saw the base of my tongue and told her,"Oh,she just has a small tongue.She'll be fine."Later,doctors told my parents I wouldn't be able to talk or that my speech would be very limited.I'm sure that was hard for them to hear.But they were only 22 and I'm not sure how seriously they took it.I was their first and only child,and the best thing they ever did was treat me as if there was nothing wrong.Mum told me when I was older that she came home from a doctor's appointment and cried,because she worried I wouldn't have a normal life or be happy.I also have a small jaw(下巴）。It's related,because there is no tongue to fill out the space.People are able to see that,rather than the fact that I don't have a tongue.I went to see a plastic surgeon(整形医生）when l was 10,who suggested making a false tongue.But I was more interested in having my jaw filled out.But when I was 18 the surgeon said he advised me not to do that in case it affected my speech.I thought,"I don't care.I just want to be pretty,"but it was the right decision.I'm able to taste the full range of flavors.I can eat everything.I've never had any anger a bout being born this way.Over the years,I've learned to get used to it,which hasn't always been easy.I'd love to think I offer hope to others in this situation,to parents or children born like me.24. According to the passage,the authorA. was diagnosed to have no tongue as a newborn babyB. has had no sense of taste since she was bornC. was found different before she was bornD. has lived a normal life even without a tongue25. What can we learn from the second paragraph?A. The author's parents love her very much.B. The author couldn't accept the truth.C. The author's parents planned to have another child.D. The author lost the ability to speak.26. Why did the author want to fill out her jaw?A. She wanted to become beautiful.B. She wanted to improve her speech.C. She didn't want others to know she had no tongue.D. She wanted to make it possible to have a false tongue.27. What is the author's purpose in sharing her experience?A. To describe what a hard life she has had.B. To provide some useful ways to deal with difficulties.C. To show that she has a strong heart.D. To encourage people like her to face life positively.CI grew up with easy access to books,and I’ve always felt that I benefited from it,even if it was as simple as always having something to do.For that reason,I make sure that the children who are a part of my life also have books,often giving them as gifts.This desire to surround kids with books isn't just in my head.A recent study has demonstrated that children who grow up with home libraries perform better later in life when it comes to literacy(读写能力），applying math skills to everyday life and learning how to use digital technology.Reading is a gift that keeps on giving,apparently.The study collected data from 160,000 adults from across 31 countries who participated in the Program for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies(PIAAC).The PIAAC measures adults'skills in three categories:literacy,numeracy(计算能力）and digital literacy.Participants in the PIAAC were asked to estimate how many books were in their households by the time they were 16 years old.The average number in the study was 115 books,but the actual numbers would vary from country to country.Turkish participants averaged 27,while those in Norway had 212 and kids in the UK had 143.The study found that the more books that were present in the home,the better the adults scored in the PIAAC evaluations.Homes needed to have roughly 80 books to have any impact on the teens,raising PIAAC scores to the average level.Literacy scores in particular improved when more books were available,though they became steady at around 350 books.Numeracy skills improved in similar ways to literacy.Solving problems with digital technologies also saw improvement,but the score gains weren't as steep as they were for literacy or numeracy.Access to books also helped to bridge education differences.Those who grew up without many books in the home and received university degrees performed roughly the same as those who had access to large home libraries and only completed nine years of school.28. What is the author's attitude towards children reading books?A. Unconcerned. B. Doubtful. C. Cautious. D. Approving.29. According to the study,______.A. the only way to raise PIAAC scores is to read booksB. the purpose of the PIAAC is to measure one's reading,math and technology skillsC. participants from the UK performed best in the PIAACD. the more kinds of books one reads at home,the higher score one will get in the PIAAC30. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Access to books can help one receive a university degree.B. Bookish adolescence can make up for a shorter education.C. Those who grew up without many books wouldn't receive a university degree.D. People with a basic education performed better than those with a higher level of education.31. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. Reading Lots of Books as a Kid Helps Later in LifeB. Reading Books Helps Improve One's IntelligenceC. Reading-The Best Way to Improve One's Social SkillsD. Why Reading Makes One a Better PersonDWe are what we eat,and what we eat shows something about what we are in return.So it shouldn't be all that surprising that humans are now apparently eating plastic.A small trial at the Medical University of Vienna found tiny pieces of it in the digestive(消化的）systems of people from eight different countries,including the UK.The study involved just eight people and doesn't tell us what,if any,effect eating plastic was having on their bodies,which means more research is needed before we know what any of this really means.We already knew that fish were eating plastic.Did we really think it wouldn't reach back up to the top of the food chain,and that the consequences of our own actions couldn't return to affect us?Does it actually matter?This study can't yet answer that question,because all it tells us is that microplastics(微塑料）were found in human faeces(粪便）。If they're just passing through like unwelcome guests before being driven out of the body,then perhaps there's no damage done.If there were evidence of plastics being absorbed in our internal organs,that could be a dangerous sign.And solving plastic pollution must not be delayed.Solving plastic pollution is not as simple as some campaigners make it sound.Changing from plastic packaging to other materials would cause other environmental problems,for a start.Bottling liquids in glass rather than plastic makes them heavier,which potentially means more trips to transport them.There is a reason,in short,why we relied so much on plastic in the first place,and even if it were possible to stop using the stuff tomorrow,it would take up to 1,000 years for some of what's being produced right now to disappear completely.But just because it's difficult,it doesn't mean we can do nothing.There is something really mad about a society that on the one hand is obsessed with the quality of the food we put in our mouths,but on the other hand happily eats its own garbage.The war on plastic,it seems,just got personal.32. What do we know about the study mentioned in the text?A. It involved eight people from different regions of the UK.B. It revealed that fish eating plastic has bad effects on their bodies.C. It found small plastic pieces in most parts of peoples internal tissues.D. It didn't give clear conclusions about the effects of eating plastic.33. Why is it difficult to replace plastic with other materials?A. Other materials are heavier than plastic.B. People depend heavily on plastic in their daily life.C. The plastic being produced needs 1,000 years to break down.D. Other materials are more difficult to transport.34. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Nothing can be done to solve the plastic problem.B. We should eat more safe and healthy food.C. Our society's future is hopeless as it is so crazy.D. It is going to be difficult to settle the plastic problem.35. The passage mainly tells us thatA. it's time we solved environmental pollutionB. plastic pollution is too serious to deal withC. even our own bodies contain plastic wasteD. the earth is highly polluted by plastic第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Once,I had an American friend.After she went back home,I never heard from her again.I can't help but wonder if there can ever be real friendship between Westerners and us Chinese.What is friendship?The Oxford English Dictionary says,"The emotions or conduct of friends."In both Western and Chinese culture,we have similar proverbs when it comes to friendship,such as"a friend in need is a friend indeed."___36___Chinese people value friendship highly.As you know,Chinese people are known to be extremely hospitable and open-hearted.___37___ However,there are different types of friend ship and they treat them differently.One type of friend in China is a"close acquaintance"who only occasionally eats and drinks and hangs out with you.In the West,they are called"a fair-weather(不可共患难的）friend."Nikki was that kind of friend.Despite our language barrier,we had a lot of fun together..____38____ Only real friends can enter your inner circle,where assistance and special care are always provided.______39______ They tend to make friends with those who share the same values or interests.When foreign friend of mine asks for favors on behalf of his or her friend,I often have to clarify whether that person is a"close friend"or just a friend,and then I will decide how much I will help._______40_______ But the depth of that friendship is different.So how will you know how l feel ab out you?Well,the moment I stop being polite around you,you are my real friend.A. They refer to anyone they know as a"friend."B. Friendship in the West is mostly pursued for fun.C. However,there is a cultural gap between the two sides.D. Of course,Westerners and Chinese people can be good friends.E. Real friends can share all our sorrows and double all our joys.F. The second type of friend in China is a"real friend"who is practically your family.G. They'll take turns with you in picking up the bill,because that's what good friends do.第三部分语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节(共20小题,每小题1.5分,满分30分)In August 2017,Southeast Texas was badly affected by Hurricane Harvey.About 30 miles west of Houston,the town of Katy,Texas,took a hard ___41___.Nearly 700 of its homes and 80 businesses were____42____or destroyed.But the locals didn't wait for the rain to ____43____ before opening door ,refrigerators and ______44______to first responders (急救员）,neighbors,strangers .Beaver Aplin,owner of the popular Bucee's chain of convenience ___45___ was preparing for the grand opening of his newest location just outside Katy.When the ___46___ hit,Aplin opened the store ____47____without thinking twice.He put the word out to first responders,telling them to ____48____what they needed,free of charge.Meanwhile,the locals ran,drove and paddled(划船）to ___49___ their neighbors.When the water was too deep,rescue came by ___50___.A nearby Bass Pro Shop donated all 80 boats it had-and then its head office ____51____dozens more."We never even got a(n)____52____"says city administrator Byron Hebert.Other residents found ____53____ways to join in.Shakeib Mashhood used WhatsApp to gather more than 100 volunteers who gave out food and water and____54____storm-damaged homes.These are just a small part of the ____55____of heroism that came out of Katy.But Mashood,like many others of his fellow Texan heroes,____56____he didn't do anything special."We do what we need to do,"he told Reader's Digest.Even first responders coming from outside Katy could instantly feel the town's ___57___spirit."We helped people in lots of other areas,too,but Katy was ___58___.Neighbors were going from house to house checking on people and ____59____everyone they could,"David Scherff told Katy Magazine."I was so____60____that I even had thoughts of moving here.I have never seen anything like Katy."41. A. hit B. choice C. decision D. time42. A. damaged B. abandoned C. closed D. broken43. A. begin B. fall C. stop D. come44. A. windows B. minds C. wallets D. hearts45. A. restaurants B. pubs C. hotels D. stores46. A. flood B. storm C. virus D. event47. A. early B. greatly C. luckily D. suddenly48. A. ask B. take C. demand D. leave49. A. meet B. attend C. visit D. rescue50 A. boat B. bus C. air D. bike51. A. produced B. sent C. consumed D. released52. A. bill B. prize C. order D. tool53. A. effective B. perfect C. available D. creative54. A. wiped out B. carried away C. cleaned up D. looked for55. A. stories B. scenes C. signs D. conditions56. A. insists B. denies C. accepts D. proves57. A. noble B. selfless C. pure D. mean58. A. amazing B. interesting C. confusing D. exciting59. A. guiding B. finding C. helping D. giving60. A. proud B. afraid C. shocked D. impressed第二节(共10小题,每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Some time after 10,000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived ___61___, through agriculture. Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on ___62___ could be hunted or gathered from the wild and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown. Farming produced more food per person ___63___ hunting and gathering so people were able to raise more children. And as more children were born, more food ___64___(need). Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology to change lives. By about 6000 BC, people ___65___(discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise. Later, they learned to work with the ___66___(season), planting at the right time and in dry areas, ___67___(make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields. This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then with ___68___ rise of science, changes began. New methods meant fewer people worked in farming. In the last century or ___69___, these changes have accelerated(加速). New power machinery and artificial fertilizers(人造化肥)have now ___70___(entire)transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age.第四部分  写作(共两节,满分35分)第一节  短文改错(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分)71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(/\)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Li Yue has awarded the title of “Star Student of the Week” due to that she did for our class. In the hot afternoon of last Saturday, Li Yue walked from one store to another, with the purpose of looking for the costume we would wear in the singing contest. While the rest of us were enjoying our leisure time, but she spent the whole afternoon searching and selecting. Finally, she found the right clothes. We were such moved by her efforts that we tried our best and won the first prize in a contest. Li Yue is always warm-hearted and cared a lot about the class. However, she deserves the honour and we should learn from him.第二节  书面表达(满分25分)72. 假如你是精英中学学生会主席李华，你校将于2月25日接待美国某中学的游学团。你受学校委托，给美国的领队格林先生写一封电子邮件，介绍活动安排并征求对方的意见。内容包括：1.上午参观学校并交流校园文化；2.中午在学校食堂吃中国传统美食；3.下午与你校学生游览本地博物馆。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。