备战2023年高考英语-两会热点解读

从2023两会看高考[英语]怎么考

（2大方面深度解读，原创好题强化练习）

一、两会内容解读

（一）科技创新成果

◎报告原文摘录

构建新型举国体制，组建国家实验室，分批推进全国重点实验室重组。一些关键核心技术攻关取得新突破，载人航天、探月探火、深海深地探测、超级计算机、卫星导航、量子信息、核电技术、大飞机制造、人工智能等领域创新成果不断涌现。全社会研发经费投入强度从2.1%提高到2.5%以上，科技进步贡献率提高到60%以上，创新支撑发展能力不断增强。

◎命题点解读

科技强则国强。科技类素材能引导学生关注时代发展，培育科学素养。2022年全国卷通过选取高科技无人机在铁路交通中的应用、鹦鹉识别物体形状的实验等语篇，激发学生对最新科学技术、科学实验与研究的兴趣，引导学生培养科学探究精神。学生在备考时，可多涉猎科学创新技术、科学实验研究类素材，如探月探火、载人航天、深海深地探测、人工智能等。

（二）中华优秀传统文化

◎报告原文摘录

丰富人民群众精神文化生活。培育和践行社会主义核心价值观。深化群众性精神文明创建。提升国际传播效能。加强和创新互联网内容建设。弘扬中华优秀传统文化，加强文物和文化遗产保护传承。实施文化惠民工程，公共图书馆、博物馆、美术馆、文化馆站向社会免费开放。

◎命题点解读

     传统文化是一个国家、一个民族的灵魂。弘扬优秀传统文化可引导学生坚定理想信念、厚植爱国主义情怀、加强品德修养、培养奋斗精神。2022年全国甲卷语法填空语篇报道了一位残疾人士徒步穿越古丝绸之路并沿途做环保的经历，展现中华文明的悠久历史。语篇和情境通过讲述中国故事，强化学生的文化自信和爱国主义情怀。在备考时可重点关注与中国优秀传统文化、习俗相关的素材。

二、原创好题展示

A

The National Astronomical Observatories (NAOC) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences  recently revealed the world’s first group of large-field X-ray maps of the sky captured by the Lobster Eye Imager for Astronomy (LEIA), which, launched into space in late July, is a large-field X-ray imaging telescope, the first of its kind in the world, according to the NAOC.

The most special feature of LEIA is its 36 micro-pore lobster-eye glasses and 4 large-array CMOS sensors, all developed by China. Biologists discovered early on that lobster eyes are made up of numerous tiny square tubes, pointing to the same spherical(球形的) center. This structure allows light from all directions to reflect in the tubes and meet together on the retina(视网膜), which gives the lobster a large field of view.

In 1979, an American scientist proposed that the lobster eye be imitated to create a telescope to detect X-rays in space. But this idea failed to be realized for a long time until micro-processing technology improved sufficiently to make it possible. Scientists then developed lobster-eye glasses, which are covered with tiny square holes as thick as a hair. The X-ray Imaging Laboratory of NAOC began the research and development work on lobster-eye X-ray imaging technology in 2010, and eventually made a breakthrough.

The newly-launched LEIA not only features the lobster-eye glasses, but also pioneers in installing CMOS sensors, which can process with high spectral(光谱的) resolutions. According to Ling Zhixing, a scientist of the NAOC, the previous X-ray telescopes only had a field of view roughly the size of the Moon as seen from Earth, while this lobster-eye telescope is capable of covering a region about the size of 1,000 Moons.

Scientists have found that most space objects show complex variations in brightness in the X-ray band. Some objects that originally have no X-ray radiation can suddenly produce one. However, the lobster-eye telescope enables more efficient monitoring of X-ray variations in space objects and there is a greater likelihood of detecting randomly occurring space extremes, Ling added.

1. What can we know about the LEIA from paragraph 2?

  A. It is made of glass. 

B. It is nature-inspired.

C. It is satellite-focused.    

D. It is easy to be controlled.

2. Why didn’t American scientist fail to create their desired telescope?

  A. The difficult in detecting X-rays.          

B. Lack of the critical technology.

  C. Loss of international cooperation.         

D. The misuse of the existing technology.

3. Why does scientists’ find mentioned in the last paragraph?

A. To express the problem of the new technology.

B. To introduce the new scientific achievement. 

  C. To raise other scientists’ attention on X-rays’ change.

D. To further highlight the strong detection ability of LEIA.

4. What is the text mainly about?

  A. A solution to space problems.            

B. The development of space telescopes.

C. A new device for space exploration.       

D. The efforts to produce new telescopes.

B

Illustrator Wan Yue has found her own way of giving traditional cultural elements a modern touch with her ability to bring the cultural artifacts vividly to life by capturing their essence through artistic expression.

In 2018, her son’s kindergarten hosted a drawing competition. Helping her son with his entry rekindled her love for the art form, and she started taking courses in watercolor and portraiture. Her subjects include tea, mythical creatures, ceramics (陶瓷) and cultural artifacts, etc. “I have always been attracted by traditional culture, and this interest led me to start painting about it.” she says.

“For each painting, I start off with a draft based on a simple idea of the characters, their posture and their clothing. I try out different possibilities, and then, step by step, present a feeling that in my mind matches with the character.” From a more poetic way of thinking, she sees her creation process as an intuitive (直觉的) one, almost as if the artifact or object she’s portraying possesses a “spirit of its own”.

Since her Chinese tea culture series helped her to make her mark online, she has gained more than 2 million followers on some famous social media platforms, winning praises on the beauty of her artworks. A follower Youbai says: “I’m absolutely amazed by her drawings with breathtaking Chinese sense of beauty. Those cultural artifacts and mythological creatures come alive in her drawings. Each character of hers has their own unique story, and these stories make the drawings more dynamic.”

Over the years, Wan have observed that most of her followers are students at schools or universities, and that Chinese traditional culture is increasingly popular among young people. “I feel a sense of responsibility and honor to contribute, in my own way, to the promotion of traditional culture.”

1. What is the main element of Wan’s artworks?

A. Vivid colors.     

B. Mysteries.

C. Modern technology. 

D. Chinese traditional culture.

2. What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us about Wan?

A. Her characters.   

B. Her gift for painting.

C. Her creation process. 

D. Her way of thinking. 

3. [新考法·推断人物情感]How does Youbai feel about Wan’s drawings?

A. Inspired.             B. Impressed.         

C. Proud.               D. Curious.

4. Which can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Bringing the Cultural Artworks to Life      

B. Promoting Chinese Traditional Culture

C. Making Yourself a Perfect Artist           

D. Teaching the Essence of Drawing

参考答案

A

【主旨大意】本文主要介绍了中国国家天文台公布了世界上第一批由龙虾眼望眼镜或龙虾眼天文成像仪拍摄的大视野X射线太空图。该望远镜于7月下旬发射到太空，是世界上第一台大视野X射线成像望远镜。

1. B【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可知LEIA最突出的特点是有36个微孔龙虾眼眼镜。第二句讲到生物学家很早就发现龙虾的眼睛是由许多微小的方形管组成，这种结构允许来自所有方向的光在管中反射，并在视网膜上相遇，这给了龙虾很大的视野。由此可以推断LEIA是受龙虾眼的启发制造出来的。

2. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段可知美国科学家提议模仿龙虾眼制造一台望远镜来探测太空中的X涉嫌这一想法在很长一段时间内都未能实现，直到微加工技术得到充分改进才使其成为了可能。由此可知美国科学家没有如愿制造出望远镜的原因是缺少关键技术。

3. D【解析】推理判断题。最后一段中的however提示，前后内容是转折关系。However前讲的是科学家发现大多数太空物体在X射线波段会表现出复杂的亮度变化。一些原本没有被X射线辐射的物体可以突然产生X射线辐射。根据后一句Ling说的话“龙虾眼望远镜能更有效地监测空间物体中的X射线变化，并且检测随机发生的空间极端的可能性更大”，是对however前所说内容的补充，进一步说明龙虾眼望远镜的强探测能力。

4. C【解析】标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了由中国科学家研制出来的龙虾眼望远镜成像仪的拍摄应用、特点以及开发过程，C项“一个新的太空探索设备”符合文意。

B

【主旨大意】本文讲述了万悦在帮助自己的孩子完成幼儿园画画竞赛作品时，发现了自己对艺术的热爱，然后自学水彩和雕塑。她创作的作品都来源于典型的中国传统事物。其作品赢得了200多万人的喜爱和赞扬，万悦在大家的鼓励和肯定下决定将传播传统文化作为自己的责任，继续为传统文化的传播贡献力量。

1.D【解析】根据第二段第三句“Her subjects include tea, mythical creatures, ceramics (陶瓷) and cultural artifacts, etc.”可知她的主题包括茶、神话生物、陶瓷(陶瓷)和文物等，这些都属于具有代表性的中国传统文化元素。

2.C【解析】根据第三段可知，Wan对于每一幅画都是从人物、他们的姿势和服装的简单概念开始起草。她会尝试不同的可能性，然后一步一步地呈现出一种与角色相匹配的感觉。由此可知，第三段主要讲的是Wan的创作过程。

3.B【解析】根据第四段Youbai说的话中的“absolutely amazed by”“come alive in her drawings”“these stories make the drawings more dynamic”可知，Wan的作品给她留下了很深的印象。

4.A【解析】文章第一段提到Wan通过自己的方式，她通过艺术表达来捕捉文物的精髓，使其生动具有现代感。下文围绕此主题讲述了她的具体创作过程，因此A项“让文化艺术品栩栩如生”符合文意。