人教版中考英语复习题型解法专题3综合填空课件

这是一份人教版中考英语复习题型解法专题3综合填空课件，共35页。PPT课件主要包含了内容索引，考情调研解读，归纳题型解法，题型1　首字母提示型，活学活用 ，an ，during ，saved ，himself ，both 等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1.综合填空题主要考查考生对单词、语法知识、构词法知识的综合运用能力, 并检验考生掌握所学词汇的程度。中考对词汇的考查已不仅仅停留在对词汇知识的机械记忆上, 而是着重考查考生在特定语言环境中运用词汇的能力。
2.综合填空题的考查重点是: (1)名词的复数及所有格的用法; (2)序数词的构成及用法; (3)形容词、副词的原级、比较级、最高级的用法; (4)人称代词的主格、宾格以及名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词的用法; (5)动词的时态和语态; (6)连词、介词等的用法。3.考查的方式: (1)首字母提示;(2)用所给单词或短语的适当形式填空;(3)语法填空。
首字母填空类短文是将一篇文章中若干个词“掏空”, 留下该词的首字母, 该首字母既作为提示又作为限制, 让我们根据短文的意思把单词拼写完整, 使文章连贯。答题时要在通读全文、掌握大意的前提下, 采用先易后难, 逐项填空的应试策略。
典例Hw d we knw the time? A clck, a watch r a cell phne can help us. Hwever, many years ag there were n clcks and knwing the time was nt s easy. Over the centuries, peple have develped different w　1　 f telling the time.  Abut 5, 500 years ag, the Egyptians i　2　 the sun clck. This was a tall stne structure. Its shadw(影子) shwed the mvement f the s　3　. They were able t determine(测定) midday.  
Abut 3, 500 years ag, the Egyptians made a sundial. It was smaller than the sun clck and culd measure(测量) the time fr half a day. On c　4　 days r at night it was impssible t tell the time with a sun clck r a sundial.  Water clcks were the f　5　 clcks nt t use the sun. The idea is simple. Water flws(流动) frm ne cntainer(容器) t anther. When the water reaches a certain l　6　, it mves a lever(控制杆) and this shws the hurs. The Egyptians used water clcks abut 3, 400 years ag. These clcks were ppular in the Middle East and China but they f　7　 t keep accurate(精确的) time.  
In the 13th century, the mechanical clck was invented. This was mre accurate, b　8　 was expensive t make. Over the next few centuries it was develped. Fr example, springs(发条) were added arund 1500.This i　9　 accuracy and allwed clcks t be smaller.  In 1927, the first quartz clck was develped. Clcks became cheaper t build and wn. Peple began depending n them mre and mre t run businesses, markets and s n.
Mre recently, in 1956, came the digital clck. And nwadays satellites(人造卫星) send ur cell phnes the time t the exact secnd. There has been a lt f prgress in timekeeping but sme things never c　10　. Many f us still have truble getting ut f bed n time and nt missing appintments.  
答案与解析:1.ways　由句意可知此处表示知道时间的“方式”, 故填ways。2.invented　句意: 大约5, 500年前, 埃及人发明了太阳时钟。意思是“发明”, 且应用一般过去时, 故填invented。3.sun　太阳时钟的影子显示的是太阳的运动轨迹, 故填sun。4.cludy　在阴天的时候或者晚上太阳时钟或日晷是无法测出时间的。此处应填cludy。5.first　句意: 水钟是最初不用太阳的时钟。表示“第一, 首先, 最初”, 故应填first。
6.level　表示“水平高度”, 应填level。7.failed　水钟不能维持准确的时间, 表示“失败, 未能(做到)”, 且应用一般过去时, 应填failed。8.but　机械表更加准确了, 但是制造费用特别高。表示转折关系, 应填but。9.imprved　发条的使用增加了时钟的准确性。表示“增加, 增强”, 且应用一般过去时, 应填imprved。10.change　计时的工具有了很多改进, 但是很多事情还是不能发生改变。表示“改变”, 且前面有never修饰, 故应填change。
答案与解析:1.little　knw little abut sth.“对某物知之甚少”。根据下文“... he hardly ever gt ut f his village.”可知他几乎不出村, 由此可判断他对外面的世界了解很少, 故填little。2.frm　get sth.frm sb.“从某人那儿得到某物”。句意: 一天, 他从住在大城市的叔叔那儿得到了一个收音机。3.shwed　句意: 他很激动, 然后把收音机给他所有的朋友看。根据后面的t和句意及首字母提示可定位shw。另外, 前句用了was, 时态要与前面的一致, 故填shwed。shw sth.t sb.“把某物给某人看”。
4.f　从上文中比尔把收音机给朋友们看可得知他对这个收音机感到很自豪。feel prud f sth.“对某物感到自豪/骄傲”, 故填f。5.wrking　句意: 然而, 几天后, 那台收音机就停止　　　了。根据下文他去修理, 可推知收音机坏了。stp ding sth.“停止做某事”, 表示停止正在做的事情。 6.what　句意: 比尔很难过, 不知道该做些　　　。此处是knw后跟动词不定式的用法, d后没有宾语, 可知空格处即它的宾语, 根据语境可推知“他不知道该做什么”, 故填what。 
7.him　句意: 他的一个朋友告诉　　　去镇上的修理铺。比尔是男生, 此处缺少宾语, 故填宾格him。 8.fund　句意: 在收音机里, 那个人　　　了两只死蟑螂。根据语境和首字母提示, 可推测意为“找到, 发现”, 根据上文的时态可判断用过去时, 故填fund。 9.Why　根据下文的回答“Because...”可知这是why引导的疑问句, 故填why, 且位于句首, 首字母应大写。10.sngs　根据上文“Because the tw singers died in my radi.”可推知他很伤心“我怎样才能听到美妙的歌曲呢?”, 故填sngs, 前面没有表示单数的限定词, 故用复数形式。
借助上下文来确定它的适当形式。如: 若空缺处需要填写动词, 那么就要考虑动词的时态、语态等; 若空缺处需要填写形容词, 那么就要考虑形容词的比较级、最高级及固定句式等。
题型2　用所给单词或短语的适当形式填空型
典例2用下面方框中单词的适当形式填空, 使短文意思正确、通顺, 每词限用一次。
different　excite　g　gd　live　lw　mean nature　time　west
An ld saying ges, “When in Rme(罗马), d as the Rmans d.”I learned the 　1　 f this when I studied in Russia.
One day I invited sme f my Chinese friends t a famus lcal restaurant in Mscw. My guests and I were 　2　 frm visiting Red Square and happy abut ur meeting. We had a warm chat until the waiter tld me that we were being t lud. We turned ur vices 　3　. But this didn’t last lng. The waiter came ver t us tw mre 　4　 with the same message.  
Hw bad an impressin(印象) we must have left n the lcal peple! In China, it’s 　5　 and imprtant fr a hst t make a 　6　 atmsphere(气氛). Hwever, in Russia and 　7　 cuntries, having a meal in a public place means yu must keep yur vice lw. Yu need t be plite t thers.  I felt bad abut this. Even thugh we tried ur 　8　, it’s very difficult t develp a new habit.  
Russians have their wn special habits. My Russian friend, Andrey always lks arund and thinks fr a while befre leaving hme. I asked him why he did this. “Aha,”Andrey said, “in Russia, peple always take abut a minute 　9　 ver things and plans in their minds befre leaving. S they wn’t leave anything necessary behind.” Finding the 　10　 between cultures is much fun. I’d like t keep my eyes and mind pen.  
答案与解析:1.meaning　句意: 当我在俄罗斯学习的时候, 我懂得了这句话的意义。故该空应填meaning。2.excited　来参观红场, 应该感到很高兴, 很激动。故应用excited。3.lwer　当服务员告知“我”们讲话的声音太高时, “我”们降低了音量。此处应填lwer。4.times　可是这种说话声音很低的状态没有维持太久, 所以服务员又过来找了“我”们好几次。多于两次应用times表示。
5.natural　句意: 在中国, 主人制造一种活跃的气氛是很自然和重要的事情。此处应用形容词natural。6.lively　make a lively atmsphere “制造一种活跃的气氛”。7.western　in western cuntries “在西方国家”, western “西方的”。8.best　try ne’s best “尽某人的最大努力”。9.t g　在俄罗斯, 人们通常在离开一个地方前会花大约1分钟的时间来仔细检查一下东西和计划, 以免遗漏必要的东西。take time t d sth.“花费时间做某事”, g ver“仔细检查”。根据句意和句型结构可知应用t g。10.differences　句意: 发现文化之间的不同之处是一件很有趣的事。difference“不同之处”。此处应用复数形式。
Justin is　1 　18-year-ld student. He is thinking abut hw t spend his mney 　2 　 the summer vacatin. He has 　3 　 abut 300 dllars already. He plans t buy 　4　 a cmputer with his mney, but he als wants t g fr a trip with his friends. He can’t d 　5 because he desn’t have enugh mney. What shuld Justin d? 
We are ften in these 　6　 f situatins. Yu want t see a cncert n Saturday, but it is als yur mther’s birthday and yu d nt want t let her dwn. In this case, yu dn’t have 　7　 time t g t bth places. Yu must make a 　8　 . Yu must think abut 　9 　 shuld be dne first. Yu shuld cnsider that 　10　 .
语法填空主要考查形式分为有提示词和无提示词两种。有提示词的主要考查所给词的适当形式;无提示词的主要考查冠词、代词、介词、连词等。
典例3 (2022四川南充)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。One day, a baby snail fund that he hadt carry a big and heavy shell at any time. He asked his mther,“Why was I brn witha shell? It 　1　 (grw) s hard and heavy.” His mther said,“Because we dn’t have bnes(骨头) 　2　 (supprt) us. We mve slwly, s we need a shell t prtect us.” 
The baby snail asked again,“The caterpillar(毛毛虫) has n bnes, either, and she can’t mve quickly. Why can she live 　3　 a shell?” The mther snail answered 　4　 (patient),“That’s because she will becme a butterfly. She can fly high int 　5　 sky which can prtect her.” 
The baby snail then cried,“We are s pr! We have n 　6　 (prtect) like that!” His mther smiled at him,“That’s why we have a shell. My dear, imagine 　7　 we dn’t have the shell, what will happen t us? Our bdies will be 　8 　(dry) ut by the ht sun and we’ll have nwhere t sleep. What’s 　9 　(bad), we’ll die in the heavy rain. We dn’t depend n the sky. We shuld depend n 　10 　(we).” 
When I was a child, I lved t visited my grandparents’ farm. There was always smething new t d, 　1 　(see) and t enjy. 
One day, I, tgether with my brthers and sisters, went t my grandparents’ farm t celebrate my birthday. We all liked eating strawberries and we went t pick 　2　 (they). We each tk a basket. But I was lazy. I tk the 　3　 (small) basket. While the thers were picking strawberries, I had a rest. Befre we 　4　 (return), I put a lt f grass in my basket and then I put a few strawberries n tp. The basket lked full. My grandfather said he was prud 　5　 my hard wrk.