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黄金卷8-【赢在中考·黄金八卷】备战2023年中考英语全真模拟卷（北京专用）
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【赢在中考·黄金八卷】备战2023年中考英语全真模拟卷（北京专用）
第八模拟
姓名_____________准考证号_____________考场号_____________座位号_____________
考生须知
1. 本试卷共10页,共两部分,共39题,满分60分,考试时间90分钟。
2. 在试卷和草稿纸上准确填写姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号。
3. 试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。
4. 在答题卡上、选择题用2B铅笔作答,其他试题用黑色字签字笔作答。
5. 考试结束,请将本试卷、答题卡和草稿纸一并交回。
第一部分
本部分共33题,共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中,选出最符合题目要求的一项。
一、单项填空(每题0.5分,共6分)
从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1．No matter what difficulties you meet in life, having a positive ________ will surely help.
A．advice B．promise C．attitude D．habit
【答案】C
【解析】句意：无论你在生活中遇到什么困难，有一个积极的态度肯定会有帮助。考查名词辨析。advice建议；promise承诺；attitude态度；habit习惯。根据“having a positive…will surely help”可知，此处指要有一个积极的生活态度，故选C。
2．—Something _________ so nice. What’s that?
—Well, Sally put some flowers in the living room just now.
A．sounds B．looks C．tastes D．smells
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——有东西闻起来很香。那是什么？——对，莎莉刚才在客厅里放了一些花。考查连系动词辨析。sounds听起来；looks看起来；tastes尝起来；smells闻起来。根据下句“Sally put some flowers in the living room just now.”可推知，应是闻起来很香。故选D。
3．—Why do you look through the photos again and again?
—I want to choose _________ to enter the photo competition.
A．it B．one C．this D．that
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——你为什么一遍又一遍地看这些照片？ ——我想选一张参加摄影比赛。考查代词辨析。it它，指代前面提及的同名同物；one一个，泛指前面提及的同名异物；this这个；that那个，特指前面提及的同名异物。根据“...look through the photos...”和“I want to choose...”可知，回答者反复看照片，是想从这么多张照片中选出其中一张参加摄影比赛，此处不表特指，所以此空应填one指代前面提及的照片中的任意一张。故选B。
4．With all that noise going on, it’s almost impossible for me to ________ my work.
A．focus on B．call off C．depend on D．put off
【答案】A
【解析】句意：吵闹声不断，我几乎无法集中精力工作。考查动词短语辨析。focus on集中于；call off取消；depend on依靠；put off推迟。根据“With all that noise going on”以及“it’s almost impossible for me to … my work”可知，吵闹声让我无法集中工作，故选A。
5．We ________ talked to each other at first, but soon we found we shared the same interests and became friends.
A．hardly B．frequently C．immediately D．suddenly
【答案】A
【解析】句意：一开始我们几乎不说话，但很快我们发现我们有相同的兴趣，成为了朋友。考查副词辨析。hardly几乎没有；frequently经常；immediately立刻；suddenly突然。根据“...but soon we found we shared the same interests...”和选项可知，他们是后来才发现他们有共同兴趣的，由此可知他们之前没发现这个共同点是因为他们没讲过话，此空应填“hardly”表示否定。故选A。
6．—My mother always tells me hard work pays off.
—Yes, you will gain nothing ________ you try your best.
A．because B．unless C．after D．although
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——我的母亲总是告诉我付出就有回报。——是的，除非你尽自己最大的努力，不然你会一无所获。考查连词。because因为；unless除非；after在……之后；although虽然。根据you try your best可知表达条件“除非你尽自己最大的努力”，用连词“unless”引导条件状语从句。故选B。
7．What our school is like decided by ________ every teacher and student chooses to behave.
A．why B．how C．when D．where
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我们的学校是什么样的是由每个老师和学生选择如何表现决定的。考查宾语从句的引导词。why为什么；how如何；when什么时候；where哪里。根据“What our school is like”可知，一个学校怎么样是由学生和老师表现得怎么样决定的。故选B。
8．Mr Zhang, my Chinese teacher, is a ________ man and he often corrects my pronunciation again and again.
A．patient B．creative C．careless D．curious
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我的语文老师张老师很有耐心，他经常一遍又一遍地纠正我的发音。 考查形容词辨析。patient耐心的；creative有创造力的；careless粗心的；curious好奇的。根据下文“he often corrects my pronunciation again and again”可知，此处是说老师一遍又一遍地纠正我的发音，由此可推知张老师是“有耐心的”。故选A。
9．Little Lily says goodbye to her parents ________ she goes to school every day.
A．if B．until C．before D．unless
【答案】C
【解析】句意：小莉莉每天上学前都要向父母道别。考查连词辨析。if如果；until直到；before在……之前；unless除非。根据“says goodbye to her parents”及后句的“she goes to school every day”可知，应该是上学之前跟父母道别。故选C。
10．—Mike, could you tell me ________?
—The visit to Eiffel Tower, a fantastic man-made wonder.
A．what you like best about your trip to Paris B．why Frenchmen like enjoy sightseeing
C．where I can enjoy French modem buildings D．when you began your vacation in France
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——迈克，你能告诉我，关于巴黎之旅，你最喜欢什么吗？——参观埃菲尔铁塔，这是一个奇妙的人造奇迹。考查宾语从句。what you like best about your trip to Paris“关于巴黎之旅，你最喜欢什么”；why Frenchmen like enjoy sightseeing“法国人为什么喜欢观光”；where I can enjoy French modem buildings“在哪里我可以欣赏法国现代建筑”；when you began your vacation in France“你什么时候开始在法国度假”。根据回答“The visit to Eiffel Tower, a fantastic man-made wonder”可知询问物，询问喜欢什么，故选A。
11．— I feel nervous because of the coming senior high school entrance examination.
— ________ I believe everything will be fine.
A．You bet! B．Nice ideal! C．Take it easy! D．That’s a shame!
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——因为即将到来的高中入学考试，我很紧张。——别紧张！我相信一切都会好起来。
考查情景交际。You bet!肯定地；Nice ideal!好理想；Take it easy! 别紧张；That's a shame!真遗憾。根据“I believe everything will be fine”可知，是在安慰对方不要紧张。故选C。
12．— Do you know the schedule of our school trip?
—No. I Jenny to ask her about it but I can’t find my phone.
A．call B．am calling C．have called D．am going to call
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——你知道我们学校旅行的日程安排吗？——不知道，我要打电话给珍妮问她，但我找不到我的手机。考查动词时态。根据下文回答No.，可知是不知道，打算给Jenny打电话，用一般将来时，其结构是“be going to+动词原形”，主语是I，be动词用is，call sb.“给某人打电话”，故选D。
二、完形填空(每题1分,共8分)
阅读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。
Grow in high school
High school is a time to find out who you are, what you’re skillful of, and what you hope yourself to be in the future.
Last year, I found myself lost in Algebra (代数). I truly didn’t find math the least bit ___13___, so I gave up trying. Most of the homework tasks and tests were big trouble to me and I would get so upset that I could not get the topic. I ended that year with a D．I knew I could do better and that grade did not represent me, so I signed up for our school ___14___ for students who were behind in their studies, like me. It was a 4-week program, and I was ready for a ___15___. I also asked my math teacher, Mr. Shuster, for more help. I needed his guidance to help me better understand the materials. I knew that with belief in myself, I would become ___16___. Finally I turned my D to a B in the following exam. This experience made me realize that no matter how hard something is that you’re going through, there’s always a way around it with hard work.
Albert Einstein didn’t ___17___ speaking until he was four, reading until he was seven, and was thought to be mentally ill! He went on to win a Nobel Prize (诺贝尔奖). We often hear stories of other people’s successes. However, we don’t seem to understand how they got there. The only way to truly know who you are as a person is to think over and over on your ___18___. Did I let them push me down or did I overcome them? Once these blind points are recovered you can act on them and ___19___. If you can build on your failures, you can use them as a stepping stone. I learned that I could do more than I thought because of this. High school has ___20___ me into the knowledgeable, confident person I am today.
13．A．enjoyable B．skillful C．surprising D．popular
14．A．homework B．subject C．program D．assignment
15．A．discussion B．challenge C．business D．method
16．A．successful B．professional C．beautiful D．scientific
17．A．spend B．start C．finish D．hear
18．A．skills B．steps C．dreams D．problems
19．A．spread B．decide C．improve D．promise
20．A．thrown B．brought C．voiced D．shaped
【答案】
13．A14．C15．B16．A
17．B18．D19．C20．D
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过讲述自己高中的学习经历，告诉我们要相信自己、克服自己的问题，最终就会取得成功。
13．句意：我真的觉得数学一点也不好玩，所以我放弃了尝试。
enjoyable令人愉快的；skillful熟练的；surprising令人惊讶的；popular流行的。根据“so I gave up trying”可知，觉得数学不好玩，所以放弃，故选A。
14．句意：我知道我可以做得更好，而这个成绩并不代表我，所以我报名参加了学校为那些像我这样学习落后的学生开设的项目。
homework作业；subject科目；program项目；assignment任务。根据后文“It was a 4-week program”可知，是一个项目，故选C。
15．句意：这是一个为期四周的项目，我已经准备好迎接挑战。
discussion讨论；challenge挑战；business生意；method方法。根据“for students who were behind in their studies, like me”可知，对于学习落后的作者来说，这是一个挑战，故选B。
16．句意：我知道只要相信自己，我就会成功。
successful成功的；professional专业的；beautiful美丽的；scientific科学的。根据“I knew that with belief in myself, I would become”可知，作者知道相信自己就会成功，故选A。
17．句意：阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦四岁才开始说话，七岁才开始阅读，被认为有精神疾病！
spend花费；start开始；finish结束；hear听见。根据“Albert Einstein didn’t…speaking until he was four”可知，此处表示四岁才开始说话，故选B。
18．句意：真正了解自己的唯一方法是反复思考自己的问题。
skills技巧；steps步骤；dreams梦想；problems问题。根据“Did I let them push me down or did I overcome them?”可知，会打倒人的是问题，故选D。
19．句意：一旦这些盲点被恢复，你就可以采取行动并改善它们。
spread传播；decide决定；improve提升，改善；promise承诺。根据“If you can build on your failures, you can use them as a stepping stone.”可知，把失败当作垫脚石，采取行动，改善问题，故选C。
20．句意：高中把我塑造成了今天这个知识渊博、自信的人。
thrown扔；brought带来；voiced表达；shaped塑造。根据上文内容可知，作者高中的生活帮助塑造了知识渊博、自信的自己，故选D。
三、阅读理解(每题2分,共26分)
阅读下列短文,根据短文内容,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。
Water in Motion
What You Need:
·clear glass tray
·warm water
·large cup with 200 ml of hot water
·large cup with 200 ml of cold water
·red and blue liquid food colouring
Directions:
(1) Fill the tray with warm water.
(2) Set the tray on top of the two cups, with the hot cup under one end and the cold cup under the other.
(3) Add four drops of red food colouring to the water above the hot cup and four drops of blue food colouring to the water above the cold cup. Add both colours at the same time.
Results:
Colour
Water
Observations
blue
cold
sinks and stays together; moves slowly toward hot side in a band cold blue of colour;
red
hot
spreads quickly across the top; covers whole top in 1-2 minutes, hot red then starts to sink
21．How many cups of water do we need to do the experiment?
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
22．According to the directions, we mustn’t ________.
A．set cups on top of the tray.
B．add two colors at the same time.
C．put the warm water into the tray.
D．add the same drops of food colouring.
23．Which can be the result of the experiment?
A． B． C． D．
【答案】21．B22．A23．B
【解析】
本文介绍的是关于水的运动科学实验。
21．细节理解题。根据“large cup with 200 ml of hot water·large cup with 200 ml of cold water”，可知做这个实验需要两杯水，故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据“Set the tray on top of the two cups”，可知是将托盘放在两个杯子的顶部，而不是把杯子放在托盘的顶部；“set cups on top of the tray”符合题意，故选A。
23．推理判断题。根据对实验的观察“red/hot spreads quickly across the top; covers whole top in 1-2 minutes, hot red then starts to sink”，可知冷的蓝色下沉并停留在一起慢慢向热的一面移动，而热的红色则迅速蔓延到顶部并在1-2分钟内开始下沉；B图符合题意，故选B。
B
When I got back to the cave, Bill and the boy were not to be found. I sat down and waited for them. Two hours ago, I went to Summit—the town where the kid lived and sent a letter to his father Ebenezer Dorset. In the letter, I told him his son was kidnapped and demanded $ 1,500 for his return.
Later, Bill walked into the cave tiredly. Behind him was the kid, stepping softly, with a big smile on his face.
“What’s wrong, Bill?” I asked.
“I took the boy out.” said Bill, “He was curious about everything. Here’re many questions I can’t answer. So he became angry and kicked my legs and bit my hand. He’s gone home now. I showed him the road to Summit. I’m sorry we lose the ransom but if not, I’ll go mad.” I could understand Bill’s feeling. Yesterday, the boy sat on Bill’s chest and put a knife on his throat for fun when Bill woke up. From that moment, Bill’s spirit was broken. He was afraid to stay with the kid.
“Turn around and have a look behind you.” said I. Bill saw the boy and turned pale. One day later, I received a note:
Gentlemen: I think you are a little high in your demands for the ransom. It’s hard to stay with my boy Johnny. Here’s a suggestion for you. You bring him home and pay me $250, and I agree to take him off your hands. You’d better come at night, for the neighbours believe he is lost.
Ebenezer Dorset.
I couldn’t believe my eyes. Bill seemed happy about this reply. “We have the money. If we pay it, we can take him off our hands. I think Mr. Dorset is kind for making us such an offer. You aren’t going to let the chance go, are you?”
I finally agreed to pay the ransom because we both couldn’t stand the boy anymore. We took him home that night. The boy didn’t want to go home because he thought it was fun to camp outside and he hated going to school. We told him that his father had bought a new gun for him, and we were going to hunt bears the next day.
It was just twelve o’clock when we knocked at Ebenezer’s door. When the door was open, Bill gave the money to Mr. Dorset and hurried to leave.
24．What’s the purpose of sending a letter to Mr. Dorset?
A．To borrow money from him. B．To help him find his lost son.
C．To ask for ransom for his son’s return. D．To tell him his son’s behavior in school.
25．Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A．Mr. Dorset was given money to buy a gift for the boy.
B．Bill treated the boy badly so the kid wanted to go home.
C．Mr. Dorset didn’t care about his son and wouldn’t pay the ransom.
D．Bill wasn’t willing to stay with the boy because he was too naughty.
26．What kind of person is Bill according to the passage?
A．Shy and calm. B．Silly and funny.
C．Patient and curious. D．Brave and humorous.
【答案】24．C25．D26．B
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述两个绑架犯的趣事。
24．细节理解题。根据“In the letter, I told him his son was kidnapped and demanded $ 1,500 for his return.”可知，写信给Mr. Dorset的目的是为了向他要赎金。故选C。
25．推理判断题。根据“I’m sorry we lose the ransom but if not, I’ll go mad.”以及“Yesterday, the boy sat on Bill’s chest and put a knife on his throat for fun when Bill woke up. ”可知，Bill受不了这个男孩子，因为他太调皮了。故选D。
26．推理判断题。根据“We have the money. If we pay it, we can take him off our hands. I think Mr. Dorset is kind for making us such an offer. ”以及“Bill gave the money to Mr. Dorset and hurried to leave. ”可知，作为一个绑架犯，Bill既愚蠢又搞笑。故选B。
C
The bed was about 45 years old when Mom passed it to me months after my father died. I decided to repaint it for my daughter Melanie. The headboard was full of scratches (划痕).
Suddenly, I noticed one of the scratches was a date: September 18, 1946, the day when my parents got married. This was the first bed they had!
Then another name and date “Elizabeth, October 22, 1947.”
“Who is Elizabeth,” I called my mother, “and what does the date mean?”
“She’s your sister.”
I knew Mom had lost a baby, but I never saw they felt unlucky for this. After all, they went on to have five more children.
“You gave her a name?” I asked.
“Yes. She is as much a part of me as any of you.”
I realized the headboard was full of stories and decided to talk about the other dates with my mother.
Mom told me about January 14,1951, the day when she lost her purse. Three days later, it arrived in a mail. A letter from a woman named Amy said, “I took $5 from your wallet to mail it. I hope you’ll understand.” There was no reply address, and nothing was missing except that $5.
Then there was George. On December 15, 1967, George shot a rattlesnake which wanted to hit my brother. On September 18, 1971, my parents celebrated their silver wedding anniversary.
Here is another date when a nurse named Janet stayed by my mother and prayed with her after my sister’s near-fatal (致命的) fall from a swing.
“Who is Ralph?” I asked.
“On February 18, 1968, Ralph saved your brother’s life in Vietnam.” My brother never spoke about the Vietnam War. The memories were deeply buried. My nephew’ s name was Ralph. Now I knew why.
“Each scratch tells a remarkable story. How could you give this headboard to me?” I said.
“We carved our first date the night we married. From then on, it was a diary of our life. When Dad died, our life was over. But the memories never die.”
My husband said, “There’s room for more stories.” We moved the bed with the storybook headboard into our room. We ‘ve already carved in two dates and names: Barbara and Jackson. Someday the bed will be passed on to Melanie.
27．How many stories did the writer learn from the headboard?
A．Six. B．Seven. C．Eight. D．Nine.
28．What did the writer know from the stories?
A．The date when Ralph killed a rattlesnake. B．The reason why her nephew got his name.
C．Her mother had lost a wallet with 5 dollars. D．Her sister was once badly ill in hospital alone.
29．According to the last paragraph, we can infer (推测) the writer will ________.
A．repaint the bed to make it different
B．store the bed in their room to put storybooks on
C．carve on the bed to record important moments in life
D．pass on the headboard to her daughter right away
【答案】27．B28．B29．C
【解析】
短文讲述了作者的妈妈把她的一张已经用了45年的老床给了她，作者发现床头板上有很多划痕，其中有很多的日期和名字，原来每一个划痕的背后都有一个故事。
27．细节理解题，根据“I noticed one of the scratches was a date: September 18, 1946, the day when my parents got married.”、“Then another name and date “Elizabeth, October 22, 1947.””、“Mom told me about January 14,1951, the day when she lost her purse. ”、“Then there was George. On December 15, 1967, George shot a rattlesnake which wanted to hit my brother.”、“ On September 18, 1971, my parents celebrated their silver wedding anniversary.”、“On February 18, 1968, Ralph saved your brother’s life in Vietnam.”、“We ‘ve already carved in two dates and names: Barbara and Jackson.”可知一个有七个故事，故选B。
28．细节理解题，根据““Who is Ralph?” I asked.“On February 18, 1968, Ralph saved your brother’s life in Vietnam.” My brother never spoke about the Vietnam War. The memories were deeply buried. My nephew’ s name was Ralph. Now I knew why.”，可知作者从这些故事中知道了她侄子得名的原因，故选B。
29．推理判断题，根据“My husband said, “There’s room for more stories.” We moved the bed with the storybook headboard into our room. We ‘ve already carved in two dates and names: Barbara and Jackson. Someday the bed will be passed on to Melanie.”，可知作者会在床上雕刻，记录生活中的重要时刻，故选C。
D
Most of us learn how to ride a bike during childhood. But as we grow older, many of us stop riding and put away those once-beloved bikes somewhere. Years later, when we get on the bikes, we can still ride professionally as if we never stopped biking.
This is surprising because our memories let us down in so many other instances, such as remembering the name of a person we once knew. So how is it that we can ride a bike when we haven’t done so in years?
As it turns out, different types of memories are stored in distinct regions of our brains. Long-term memory is divided into two types: declarative and procedural*.
Declarative memory refers to the memory of relevant facts and events. Its extraction* often needs the help of consciousness. One thing about it is that you are aware of the knowledge and can communicate the memories to others. This type of memory includes things such as remembering information for a test and your home address.
Procedural memory, on the other hand, is a type of memory involving how to perform different actions and skills. It’s mostly unconscious — we can perform these actions without putting in much mental effort, that is. Playing the piano and swimming are both examples of procedural memory. When we repeat an action over and over again, it gets transferred from our short-term memory to our long-term storage. In the beginning, our brain is more actively working to perform the task, but as we repeat it over time, our brain needs to pay less attention to successfully perform that task. In other words, they become almost automatic* for us.
Procedural memories are often difficult to explain. If someone asked you how you drive a car, you might fail to put it into words. If they asked you about the way to your house, however, you would probably be able to articulate the route fairly easily. Remembering the physical process of how to do something is a procedural memory while remembering the route you have to take to get somewhere is a declarative memory.
30．Why does the writer mention bike riding in Paragraph 1?
A．To lead in the topic about memories.
B．To describe the qualities of memories
C．To tell us the importance of memories.
D．To deal with problems about memories.
31．What does the underlined word “consciousness” probably mean in the passage?
A．Good habits. B．Lots of courage. C．Much attention. D．Common knowledge.
32．Which of the following are examples of procedural memories?
①Sweep the floor.
②Remember phone numbers.
③Drink water.
④Catch a baseball.
⑤Know some festivals.
A．①②③ B．②④⑤ C．③④⑤ D．①③④
33．We will probably find the passage on a website that _________.
A．publishes the latest scientific research
B．cares about improving people’s health
C．shares reports about people’s daily life
D．focuses on spreading scientific knowledge
【答案】30．A31．D32．D33．D
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，作者向读者介绍了陈述性记忆和程序性记忆是什么。
30．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇说明文，作者向读者介绍了陈述性记忆和程序性记忆是什么，而作者一开始提到的骑车的例子是为了引出关于陈述性记忆和程序性记忆这一话题。故选A。
31．词句猜测题。根据下文“One thing about it is that you are aware of the knowledge and can communicate the memories to others”可知，有一点是，你知道这些知识，并能将这些记忆传达给他人，由此可推断“consciousness”有“常识”之意，故选D。
32．推理判断题。根据原文“Procedural memory, on the other hand, is a type of memory involving how to perform different actions and skills”可知，程序记忆是一种涉及如何执行不同动作和技能的记忆。①扫地、③喝水、④接棒球三个动作属于程序记忆，故选D。
33．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇说明文，作者向读者介绍了陈述性记忆和程序性记忆是什么，由此可推断出本文可能来自于一个科学知识科普网站。故选D。
第二部分
本部分共6题,共20分。根据题目要求,完成相应任务。
四、阅读表达（每题2分,共10分）
阅读短文,根据短文内容回答问题。
writing brush
ink stick
paper
ink stone
In China, writing brushes, ink sticks, paper and ink stones are called the Four Treasures of Study. Among the high-quality(质量) treasures, the writing brush produced in Huzhou, the ink stick produced in Huizhou, the xuan paper made in Xuancheng and the ink stone made in Duanxi are the best-known.The writing brushes can be used to draw the pictures on painted potteries(陶器). They are mainly made of the hair of animals. Those made of wool are called Yanghao and those made of the weasel’s(鼬) tail hair are called Langhao. Their artistic effects(效果) in writing and painting cannot be copied by any other pens.
The ink stick is the pigment(颜料) used in writing and painting. The ink stick produced in Huizhou is of high quality. A story goes like this: Two famous skilled men Xi Chao and his son produced a kind of high-quality ink stick. As a result, the Emperor Li Yu in the Southern Tang Dynasty agreed to give them the family name “Li”. From then on, the fame of the Li Ink Stick was widespread. In the Song Dynasty, its producing area was changed into Huizhou, and it was then called the Hui Ink Stick.
Paper is among the four great inventions in ancient China. The famous Xuan paper appeared in the Sui and Tang dynasties. In Xuanzhou, Anhui Province where the Xuan paper is produced, it’s said that Cai Lun’s pupil Kong Dan took the job of producing paper but failed to make perfect white paper. Later he happened to see the ebony(檀木) in the rivers. It was wet with the water and turned white. Then he used the bark (树皮) to produce the world-famous Xuan paper.
The ink stone was already very popular in the Han Dynasty. The Ming and Qing dynasties saw the appearance of the Four Famous Ink Stones-Duan Ink Stone, She Ink Stone, Tao Ink Stone and Chengni Ink Stone. They can not only be used in writing and painting but also for admiration(钦佩).
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
34．What are the writing brushes mainly made of?
__________________________
35．Where was the high-quality ink stick produced?
__________________________
36．How did Kong Dan find the way to make the famous Xuan paper by accident?
__________________________
37．When did the Four Famous Ink Stones appear?
__________________________
38．What’s the title (标题) of the passage?
__________________________
【答案】
34．They are mainly made of the hair of animals./The hair of animals.
35．Huizhou.
36．He happened to see the ebony in the rivers and used the bark to produce the world-famous Xuan paper.
37．They appeared in the Ming and Qing dynasties./ In the Ming and Qing dynasties
38．The Four Treasures of Study./The History of the Four Treasures of Study.
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在中国，毛笔、墨棒、纸和砚台被称为文房四宝。在优质的珍品中，湖州的毛笔、惠州的墨棒、宣城的宣纸、端溪的砚台是最有名的。
34．根据“The writing brushes can be used to draw the pictures on painted potteries(陶器). They are mainly made of the hair of animals.”可知，毛笔主要是由动物的头发做成的。故填They are mainly made of the hair of animals./The hair of animals.
35．根据“The ink stick produced in Huizhou is of high quality.”可知，惠州生产的墨汁质量上乘。故填Huizhou。
36．根据“Later he happened to see the ebony(檀木) in the rivers. It was wet with the water and turned white. Then he used the bark (树皮) to produce the world-famous Xuan paper.”可知，孔丹偶然在河里看到了檀木，并用其树皮制作了举世闻名的宣纸。故填He happened to see the ebony in the rivers and used the bark to produce the world-famous Xuan paper.
37．根据“The Ming and Qing dynasties saw the appearance of the Four Famous Ink Stones-Duan Ink Stone, She Ink Stone…but also for admiration(钦佩).”可知，四大名砚出现在清明时期。故填They appeared in the Ming and Qing dynasties.
38．这篇文章给我们讲述的是中国文房四宝的相关知识、历史背景、产地等。用“文房四宝”作为题目，能概括短文的中心大意。故填The Four Treasures of Study./The History of the Four Treasures of Study.
五、文段表达(10分)
从下面两个题目中任选一题,根据中文和英文提示,完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
每段人生都有永不褪色的记忆。回首三年中学时光，你学习、运动、旅游、交友、玩耍……其中有快乐、有悲伤、有趣味、有感动，有后悔、有惊喜、有骄傲。请以“A/An______ Thing,”为题，写一篇记叙文，将你的故事与我们分享。
内容参考：
1. What happened to you? ( What, When, Who, Where..)
2. How was it going on? / What did you do then?
3. How did you feel at last? / What did you get from this experience?
要求：
1.文中不得出现真实姓名与校名；
2.语意连贯，层次清晰，书写规范；
3.不少于70词。
参考词汇：happy, sad, interesting, moving, regrettable, surprising
A/An ________ Thing
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
例文：
An Interesting Thing
There was an interesting thing at my home. It was Sunday, so my father didn’t go to work. After lunch, my father went to sleep and I felt a little bit bored. Suddenly, an interesting idea came to my mind. I took four color pens to my father’s room. And then, I helped him put on lipstick with a red pen, painted his face with a yellow pen, drew the left eyebrow with a blue pen and drew the right with a green pen. Finally, I drew a very interesting makeup for dad. And then I went back to watch TV. About half an hour later, he shouted loudly when he was doing with his hair. I laughed loudly, because he was shocked by himself but he wasn’t angry with me. What an interesting thing!
【解析】
1.题干解读：该题目属于记叙文写作。在写作时应根据题目要求讲述事情发生的时间、地点、人物、事情的经过和结果。
2.写作指导：本文时态以一般过去时为主，人称以第一人称和第三人称为主，讲述事情的经过和结果，要叙述完整，条理清晰。
二
最近几年春节,很多人加人了抢红包游戏活动,但也有人表示担忧。假如你叫李华,你在班内开展了一个有关抢红包游戏活动的调查。请你用英文给学校校刊《英语园地》写一封信,介绍此次调查结果并谈谈你的观点。
抢红包
赞同(75%)
1.带来更多的快乐2.结识更多的朋友……
反对(25%)
1.花费太多的时间2.和家人沟通减少……
你的观点
……
要求:
1.必须包含表格所提供的所有信息,并适当发挥;
2.你的观点至少包含两条;
3.词数不少于70。(开头和结尾已给出,但不计入总词数)
参考词汇：抢红包grabbing red packets
Dear Editor,I am writing to tell you about the survey on the activity of grabbing red packets in our class.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
例文：
Dear Editor,
I am writing to tell you about the survey on the activity of grabbing red packets in our class. 75% of the students agree to grab the red packets because they think that it can bring more happiness, and also can make more friends. However, 25% of the students are opposed to grabbing red packets, because it takes too much time and communication with family members will be reduced.
In my opinion, there is no need to wait for the red packet. After all, there are many important things to do in our life.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
1.题干解读：该题目属于书信写作。在写作时应紧接开头继续写作，根据题目要求讲述抢红包游戏调查的结果，赞成抢红包游戏的人的观点和反对玩此游戏的观点，并发表自己的看法。
2.写作指导：本文时态以一般现在时为主，人称以第三人称为主，讲述赞成抢红包游戏的人的观点和反对玩此游戏的观点，要叙述完整，条理清晰。
绝密★启用前|学科网试题命制中心
【赢在中考·黄金八卷】备战2023年中考英语全真模拟卷（北京专用）
第八模拟
姓名_____________准考证号_____________考场号_____________座位号_____________
考生须知
1. 本试卷共10页,共两部分,共39题,满分60分,考试时间90分钟。
2. 在试卷和草稿纸上准确填写姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号。
3. 试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。
4. 在答题卡上、选择题用2B铅笔作答,其他试题用黑色字签字笔作答。
5. 考试结束,请将本试卷、答题卡和草稿纸一并交回。
第一部分
本部分共33题,共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中,选出最符合题目要求的一项。
一、单项填空(每题0.5分,共6分)
从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1．No matter what difficulties you meet in life, having a positive ________ will surely help.
A．advice B．promise C．attitude D．habit
【答案】C
【解析】句意：无论你在生活中遇到什么困难，有一个积极的态度肯定会有帮助。考查名词辨析。advice建议；promise承诺；attitude态度；habit习惯。根据“having a positive…will surely help”可知，此处指要有一个积极的生活态度，故选C。
2．—Something _________ so nice. What’s that?
—Well, Sally put some flowers in the living room just now.
A．sounds B．looks C．tastes D．smells
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——有东西闻起来很香。那是什么？——对，莎莉刚才在客厅里放了一些花。考查连系动词辨析。sounds听起来；looks看起来；tastes尝起来；smells闻起来。根据下句“Sally put some flowers in the living room just now.”可推知，应是闻起来很香。故选D。
3．—Why do you look through the photos again and again?
—I want to choose _________ to enter the photo competition.
A．it B．one C．this D．that
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——你为什么一遍又一遍地看这些照片？ ——我想选一张参加摄影比赛。考查代词辨析。it它，指代前面提及的同名同物；one一个，泛指前面提及的同名异物；this这个；that那个，特指前面提及的同名异物。根据“...look through the photos...”和“I want to choose...”可知，回答者反复看照片，是想从这么多张照片中选出其中一张参加摄影比赛，此处不表特指，所以此空应填one指代前面提及的照片中的任意一张。故选B。
4．With all that noise going on, it’s almost impossible for me to ________ my work.
A．focus on B．call off C．depend on D．put off
【答案】A
【解析】句意：吵闹声不断，我几乎无法集中精力工作。考查动词短语辨析。focus on集中于；call off取消；depend on依靠；put off推迟。根据“With all that noise going on”以及“it’s almost impossible for me to … my work”可知，吵闹声让我无法集中工作，故选A。
5．We ________ talked to each other at first, but soon we found we shared the same interests and became friends.
A．hardly B．frequently C．immediately D．suddenly
【答案】A
【解析】句意：一开始我们几乎不说话，但很快我们发现我们有相同的兴趣，成为了朋友。考查副词辨析。hardly几乎没有；frequently经常；immediately立刻；suddenly突然。根据“...but soon we found we shared the same interests...”和选项可知，他们是后来才发现他们有共同兴趣的，由此可知他们之前没发现这个共同点是因为他们没讲过话，此空应填“hardly”表示否定。故选A。
6．—My mother always tells me hard work pays off.
—Yes, you will gain nothing ________ you try your best.
A．because B．unless C．after D．although
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——我的母亲总是告诉我付出就有回报。——是的，除非你尽自己最大的努力，不然你会一无所获。考查连词。because因为；unless除非；after在……之后；although虽然。根据you try your best可知表达条件“除非你尽自己最大的努力”，用连词“unless”引导条件状语从句。故选B。
7．What our school is like decided by ________ every teacher and student chooses to behave.
A．why B．how C．when D．where
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我们的学校是什么样的是由每个老师和学生选择如何表现决定的。考查宾语从句的引导词。why为什么；how如何；when什么时候；where哪里。根据“What our school is like”可知，一个学校怎么样是由学生和老师表现得怎么样决定的。故选B。
8．Mr Zhang, my Chinese teacher, is a ________ man and he often corrects my pronunciation again and again.
A．patient B．creative C．careless D．curious
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我的语文老师张老师很有耐心，他经常一遍又一遍地纠正我的发音。 考查形容词辨析。patient耐心的；creative有创造力的；careless粗心的；curious好奇的。根据下文“he often corrects my pronunciation again and again”可知，此处是说老师一遍又一遍地纠正我的发音，由此可推知张老师是“有耐心的”。故选A。
9．Little Lily says goodbye to her parents ________ she goes to school every day.
A．if B．until C．before D．unless
【答案】C
【解析】句意：小莉莉每天上学前都要向父母道别。考查连词辨析。if如果；until直到；before在……之前；unless除非。根据“says goodbye to her parents”及后句的“she goes to school every day”可知，应该是上学之前跟父母道别。故选C。
10．—Mike, could you tell me ________?
—The visit to Eiffel Tower, a fantastic man-made wonder.
A．what you like best about your trip to Paris B．why Frenchmen like enjoy sightseeing
C．where I can enjoy French modem buildings D．when you began your vacation in France
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——迈克，你能告诉我，关于巴黎之旅，你最喜欢什么吗？——参观埃菲尔铁塔，这是一个奇妙的人造奇迹。考查宾语从句。what you like best about your trip to Paris“关于巴黎之旅，你最喜欢什么”；why Frenchmen like enjoy sightseeing“法国人为什么喜欢观光”；where I can enjoy French modem buildings“在哪里我可以欣赏法国现代建筑”；when you began your vacation in France“你什么时候开始在法国度假”。根据回答“The visit to Eiffel Tower, a fantastic man-made wonder”可知询问物，询问喜欢什么，故选A。
11．— I feel nervous because of the coming senior high school entrance examination.
— ________ I believe everything will be fine.
A．You bet! B．Nice ideal! C．Take it easy! D．That’s a shame!
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——因为即将到来的高中入学考试，我很紧张。——别紧张！我相信一切都会好起来。
考查情景交际。You bet!肯定地；Nice ideal!好理想；Take it easy! 别紧张；That's a shame!真遗憾。根据“I believe everything will be fine”可知，是在安慰对方不要紧张。故选C。
12．— Do you know the schedule of our school trip?
—No. I Jenny to ask her about it but I can’t find my phone.
A．call B．am calling C．have called D．am going to call
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——你知道我们学校旅行的日程安排吗？——不知道，我要打电话给珍妮问她，但我找不到我的手机。考查动词时态。根据下文回答No.，可知是不知道，打算给Jenny打电话，用一般将来时，其结构是“be going to+动词原形”，主语是I，be动词用is，call sb.“给某人打电话”，故选D。
二、完形填空(每题1分,共8分)
阅读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。
Grow in high school
High school is a time to find out who you are, what you’re skillful of, and what you hope yourself to be in the future.
Last year, I found myself lost in Algebra (代数). I truly didn’t find math the least bit ___13___, so I gave up trying. Most of the homework tasks and tests were big trouble to me and I would get so upset that I could not get the topic. I ended that year with a D．I knew I could do better and that grade did not represent me, so I signed up for our school ___14___ for students who were behind in their studies, like me. It was a 4-week program, and I was ready for a ___15___. I also asked my math teacher, Mr. Shuster, for more help. I needed his guidance to help me better understand the materials. I knew that with belief in myself, I would become ___16___. Finally I turned my D to a B in the following exam. This experience made me realize that no matter how hard something is that you’re going through, there’s always a way around it with hard work.
Albert Einstein didn’t ___17___ speaking until he was four, reading until he was seven, and was thought to be mentally ill! He went on to win a Nobel Prize (诺贝尔奖). We often hear stories of other people’s successes. However, we don’t seem to understand how they got there. The only way to truly know who you are as a person is to think over and over on your ___18___. Did I let them push me down or did I overcome them? Once these blind points are recovered you can act on them and ___19___. If you can build on your failures, you can use them as a stepping stone. I learned that I could do more than I thought because of this. High school has ___20___ me into the knowledgeable, confident person I am today.
13．A．enjoyable B．skillful C．surprising D．popular
14．A．homework B．subject C．program D．assignment
15．A．discussion B．challenge C．business D．method
16．A．successful B．professional C．beautiful D．scientific
17．A．spend B．start C．finish D．hear
18．A．skills B．steps C．dreams D．problems
19．A．spread B．decide C．improve D．promise
20．A．thrown B．brought C．voiced D．shaped
【答案】
13．A14．C15．B16．A
17．B18．D19．C20．D
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过讲述自己高中的学习经历，告诉我们要相信自己、克服自己的问题，最终就会取得成功。
13．句意：我真的觉得数学一点也不好玩，所以我放弃了尝试。
enjoyable令人愉快的；skillful熟练的；surprising令人惊讶的；popular流行的。根据“so I gave up trying”可知，觉得数学不好玩，所以放弃，故选A。
14．句意：我知道我可以做得更好，而这个成绩并不代表我，所以我报名参加了学校为那些像我这样学习落后的学生开设的项目。
homework作业；subject科目；program项目；assignment任务。根据后文“It was a 4-week program”可知，是一个项目，故选C。
15．句意：这是一个为期四周的项目，我已经准备好迎接挑战。
discussion讨论；challenge挑战；business生意；method方法。根据“for students who were behind in their studies, like me”可知，对于学习落后的作者来说，这是一个挑战，故选B。
16．句意：我知道只要相信自己，我就会成功。
successful成功的；professional专业的；beautiful美丽的；scientific科学的。根据“I knew that with belief in myself, I would become”可知，作者知道相信自己就会成功，故选A。
17．句意：阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦四岁才开始说话，七岁才开始阅读，被认为有精神疾病！
spend花费；start开始；finish结束；hear听见。根据“Albert Einstein didn’t…speaking until he was four”可知，此处表示四岁才开始说话，故选B。
18．句意：真正了解自己的唯一方法是反复思考自己的问题。
skills技巧；steps步骤；dreams梦想；problems问题。根据“Did I let them push me down or did I overcome them?”可知，会打倒人的是问题，故选D。
19．句意：一旦这些盲点被恢复，你就可以采取行动并改善它们。
spread传播；decide决定；improve提升，改善；promise承诺。根据“If you can build on your failures, you can use them as a stepping stone.”可知，把失败当作垫脚石，采取行动，改善问题，故选C。
20．句意：高中把我塑造成了今天这个知识渊博、自信的人。
thrown扔；brought带来；voiced表达；shaped塑造。根据上文内容可知，作者高中的生活帮助塑造了知识渊博、自信的自己，故选D。
三、阅读理解(每题2分,共26分)
阅读下列短文,根据短文内容,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。
Water in Motion
What You Need:
·clear glass tray
·warm water
·large cup with 200 ml of hot water
·large cup with 200 ml of cold water
·red and blue liquid food colouring
Directions:
(1) Fill the tray with warm water.
(2) Set the tray on top of the two cups, with the hot cup under one end and the cold cup under the other.
(3) Add four drops of red food colouring to the water above the hot cup and four drops of blue food colouring to the water above the cold cup. Add both colours at the same time.
Results:
Colour
Water
Observations
blue
cold
sinks and stays together; moves slowly toward hot side in a band cold blue of colour;
red
hot
spreads quickly across the top; covers whole top in 1-2 minutes, hot red then starts to sink
21．How many cups of water do we need to do the experiment?
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
22．According to the directions, we mustn’t ________.
A．set cups on top of the tray.
B．add two colors at the same time.
C．put the warm water into the tray.
D．add the same drops of food colouring.
23．Which can be the result of the experiment?
A． B． C． D．
【答案】21．B22．A23．B
【解析】
本文介绍的是关于水的运动科学实验。
21．细节理解题。根据“large cup with 200 ml of hot water·large cup with 200 ml of cold water”，可知做这个实验需要两杯水，故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据“Set the tray on top of the two cups”，可知是将托盘放在两个杯子的顶部，而不是把杯子放在托盘的顶部；“set cups on top of the tray”符合题意，故选A。
23．推理判断题。根据对实验的观察“red/hot spreads quickly across the top; covers whole top in 1-2 minutes, hot red then starts to sink”，可知冷的蓝色下沉并停留在一起慢慢向热的一面移动，而热的红色则迅速蔓延到顶部并在1-2分钟内开始下沉；B图符合题意，故选B。
B
When I got back to the cave, Bill and the boy were not to be found. I sat down and waited for them. Two hours ago, I went to Summit—the town where the kid lived and sent a letter to his father Ebenezer Dorset. In the letter, I told him his son was kidnapped and demanded $ 1,500 for his return.
Later, Bill walked into the cave tiredly. Behind him was the kid, stepping softly, with a big smile on his face.
“What’s wrong, Bill?” I asked.
“I took the boy out.” said Bill, “He was curious about everything. Here’re many questions I can’t answer. So he became angry and kicked my legs and bit my hand. He’s gone home now. I showed him the road to Summit. I’m sorry we lose the ransom but if not, I’ll go mad.” I could understand Bill’s feeling. Yesterday, the boy sat on Bill’s chest and put a knife on his throat for fun when Bill woke up. From that moment, Bill’s spirit was broken. He was afraid to stay with the kid.
“Turn around and have a look behind you.” said I. Bill saw the boy and turned pale. One day later, I received a note:
Gentlemen: I think you are a little high in your demands for the ransom. It’s hard to stay with my boy Johnny. Here’s a suggestion for you. You bring him home and pay me $250, and I agree to take him off your hands. You’d better come at night, for the neighbours believe he is lost.
Ebenezer Dorset.
I couldn’t believe my eyes. Bill seemed happy about this reply. “We have the money. If we pay it, we can take him off our hands. I think Mr. Dorset is kind for making us such an offer. You aren’t going to let the chance go, are you?”
I finally agreed to pay the ransom because we both couldn’t stand the boy anymore. We took him home that night. The boy didn’t want to go home because he thought it was fun to camp outside and he hated going to school. We told him that his father had bought a new gun for him, and we were going to hunt bears the next day.
It was just twelve o’clock when we knocked at Ebenezer’s door. When the door was open, Bill gave the money to Mr. Dorset and hurried to leave.
24．What’s the purpose of sending a letter to Mr. Dorset?
A．To borrow money from him. B．To help him find his lost son.
C．To ask for ransom for his son’s return. D．To tell him his son’s behavior in school.
25．Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A．Mr. Dorset was given money to buy a gift for the boy.
B．Bill treated the boy badly so the kid wanted to go home.
C．Mr. Dorset didn’t care about his son and wouldn’t pay the ransom.
D．Bill wasn’t willing to stay with the boy because he was too naughty.
26．What kind of person is Bill according to the passage?
A．Shy and calm. B．Silly and funny.
C．Patient and curious. D．Brave and humorous.
【答案】24．C25．D26．B
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述两个绑架犯的趣事。
24．细节理解题。根据“In the letter, I told him his son was kidnapped and demanded $ 1,500 for his return.”可知，写信给Mr. Dorset的目的是为了向他要赎金。故选C。
25．推理判断题。根据“I’m sorry we lose the ransom but if not, I’ll go mad.”以及“Yesterday, the boy sat on Bill’s chest and put a knife on his throat for fun when Bill woke up. ”可知，Bill受不了这个男孩子，因为他太调皮了。故选D。
26．推理判断题。根据“We have the money. If we pay it, we can take him off our hands. I think Mr. Dorset is kind for making us such an offer. ”以及“Bill gave the money to Mr. Dorset and hurried to leave. ”可知，作为一个绑架犯，Bill既愚蠢又搞笑。故选B。
C
The bed was about 45 years old when Mom passed it to me months after my father died. I decided to repaint it for my daughter Melanie. The headboard was full of scratches (划痕).
Suddenly, I noticed one of the scratches was a date: September 18, 1946, the day when my parents got married. This was the first bed they had!
Then another name and date “Elizabeth, October 22, 1947.”
“Who is Elizabeth,” I called my mother, “and what does the date mean?”
“She’s your sister.”
I knew Mom had lost a baby, but I never saw they felt unlucky for this. After all, they went on to have five more children.
“You gave her a name?” I asked.
“Yes. She is as much a part of me as any of you.”
I realized the headboard was full of stories and decided to talk about the other dates with my mother.
Mom told me about January 14,1951, the day when she lost her purse. Three days later, it arrived in a mail. A letter from a woman named Amy said, “I took $5 from your wallet to mail it. I hope you’ll understand.” There was no reply address, and nothing was missing except that $5.
Then there was George. On December 15, 1967, George shot a rattlesnake which wanted to hit my brother. On September 18, 1971, my parents celebrated their silver wedding anniversary.
Here is another date when a nurse named Janet stayed by my mother and prayed with her after my sister’s near-fatal (致命的) fall from a swing.
“Who is Ralph?” I asked.
“On February 18, 1968, Ralph saved your brother’s life in Vietnam.” My brother never spoke about the Vietnam War. The memories were deeply buried. My nephew’ s name was Ralph. Now I knew why.
“Each scratch tells a remarkable story. How could you give this headboard to me?” I said.
“We carved our first date the night we married. From then on, it was a diary of our life. When Dad died, our life was over. But the memories never die.”
My husband said, “There’s room for more stories.” We moved the bed with the storybook headboard into our room. We ‘ve already carved in two dates and names: Barbara and Jackson. Someday the bed will be passed on to Melanie.
27．How many stories did the writer learn from the headboard?
A．Six. B．Seven. C．Eight. D．Nine.
28．What did the writer know from the stories?
A．The date when Ralph killed a rattlesnake. B．The reason why her nephew got his name.
C．Her mother had lost a wallet with 5 dollars. D．Her sister was once badly ill in hospital alone.
29．According to the last paragraph, we can infer (推测) the writer will ________.
A．repaint the bed to make it different
B．store the bed in their room to put storybooks on
C．carve on the bed to record important moments in life
D．pass on the headboard to her daughter right away
【答案】27．B28．B29．C
【解析】
短文讲述了作者的妈妈把她的一张已经用了45年的老床给了她，作者发现床头板上有很多划痕，其中有很多的日期和名字，原来每一个划痕的背后都有一个故事。
27．细节理解题，根据“I noticed one of the scratches was a date: September 18, 1946, the day when my parents got married.”、“Then another name and date “Elizabeth, October 22, 1947.””、“Mom told me about January 14,1951, the day when she lost her purse. ”、“Then there was George. On December 15, 1967, George shot a rattlesnake which wanted to hit my brother.”、“ On September 18, 1971, my parents celebrated their silver wedding anniversary.”、“On February 18, 1968, Ralph saved your brother’s life in Vietnam.”、“We ‘ve already carved in two dates and names: Barbara and Jackson.”可知一个有七个故事，故选B。
28．细节理解题，根据““Who is Ralph?” I asked.“On February 18, 1968, Ralph saved your brother’s life in Vietnam.” My brother never spoke about the Vietnam War. The memories were deeply buried. My nephew’ s name was Ralph. Now I knew why.”，可知作者从这些故事中知道了她侄子得名的原因，故选B。
29．推理判断题，根据“My husband said, “There’s room for more stories.” We moved the bed with the storybook headboard into our room. We ‘ve already carved in two dates and names: Barbara and Jackson. Someday the bed will be passed on to Melanie.”，可知作者会在床上雕刻，记录生活中的重要时刻，故选C。
D
Most of us learn how to ride a bike during childhood. But as we grow older, many of us stop riding and put away those once-beloved bikes somewhere. Years later, when we get on the bikes, we can still ride professionally as if we never stopped biking.
This is surprising because our memories let us down in so many other instances, such as remembering the name of a person we once knew. So how is it that we can ride a bike when we haven’t done so in years?
As it turns out, different types of memories are stored in distinct regions of our brains. Long-term memory is divided into two types: declarative and procedural*.
Declarative memory refers to the memory of relevant facts and events. Its extraction* often needs the help of consciousness. One thing about it is that you are aware of the knowledge and can communicate the memories to others. This type of memory includes things such as remembering information for a test and your home address.
Procedural memory, on the other hand, is a type of memory involving how to perform different actions and skills. It’s mostly unconscious — we can perform these actions without putting in much mental effort, that is. Playing the piano and swimming are both examples of procedural memory. When we repeat an action over and over again, it gets transferred from our short-term memory to our long-term storage. In the beginning, our brain is more actively working to perform the task, but as we repeat it over time, our brain needs to pay less attention to successfully perform that task. In other words, they become almost automatic* for us.
Procedural memories are often difficult to explain. If someone asked you how you drive a car, you might fail to put it into words. If they asked you about the way to your house, however, you would probably be able to articulate the route fairly easily. Remembering the physical process of how to do something is a procedural memory while remembering the route you have to take to get somewhere is a declarative memory.
30．Why does the writer mention bike riding in Paragraph 1?
A．To lead in the topic about memories.
B．To describe the qualities of memories
C．To tell us the importance of memories.
D．To deal with problems about memories.
31．What does the underlined word “consciousness” probably mean in the passage?
A．Good habits. B．Lots of courage. C．Much attention. D．Common knowledge.
32．Which of the following are examples of procedural memories?
①Sweep the floor.
②Remember phone numbers.
③Drink water.
④Catch a baseball.
⑤Know some festivals.
A．①②③ B．②④⑤ C．③④⑤ D．①③④
33．We will probably find the passage on a website that _________.
A．publishes the latest scientific research
B．cares about improving people’s health
C．shares reports about people’s daily life
D．focuses on spreading scientific knowledge
【答案】30．A31．D32．D33．D
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，作者向读者介绍了陈述性记忆和程序性记忆是什么。
30．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇说明文，作者向读者介绍了陈述性记忆和程序性记忆是什么，而作者一开始提到的骑车的例子是为了引出关于陈述性记忆和程序性记忆这一话题。故选A。
31．词句猜测题。根据下文“One thing about it is that you are aware of the knowledge and can communicate the memories to others”可知，有一点是，你知道这些知识，并能将这些记忆传达给他人，由此可推断“consciousness”有“常识”之意，故选D。
32．推理判断题。根据原文“Procedural memory, on the other hand, is a type of memory involving how to perform different actions and skills”可知，程序记忆是一种涉及如何执行不同动作和技能的记忆。①扫地、③喝水、④接棒球三个动作属于程序记忆，故选D。
33．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇说明文，作者向读者介绍了陈述性记忆和程序性记忆是什么，由此可推断出本文可能来自于一个科学知识科普网站。故选D。
第二部分
本部分共6题,共20分。根据题目要求,完成相应任务。
四、阅读表达（每题2分,共10分）
阅读短文,根据短文内容回答问题。
writing brush
ink stick
paper
ink stone
In China, writing brushes, ink sticks, paper and ink stones are called the Four Treasures of Study. Among the high-quality(质量) treasures, the writing brush produced in Huzhou, the ink stick produced in Huizhou, the xuan paper made in Xuancheng and the ink stone made in Duanxi are the best-known.The writing brushes can be used to draw the pictures on painted potteries(陶器). They are mainly made of the hair of animals. Those made of wool are called Yanghao and those made of the weasel’s(鼬) tail hair are called Langhao. Their artistic effects(效果) in writing and painting cannot be copied by any other pens.
The ink stick is the pigment(颜料) used in writing and painting. The ink stick produced in Huizhou is of high quality. A story goes like this: Two famous skilled men Xi Chao and his son produced a kind of high-quality ink stick. As a result, the Emperor Li Yu in the Southern Tang Dynasty agreed to give them the family name “Li”. From then on, the fame of the Li Ink Stick was widespread. In the Song Dynasty, its producing area was changed into Huizhou, and it was then called the Hui Ink Stick.
Paper is among the four great inventions in ancient China. The famous Xuan paper appeared in the Sui and Tang dynasties. In Xuanzhou, Anhui Province where the Xuan paper is produced, it’s said that Cai Lun’s pupil Kong Dan took the job of producing paper but failed to make perfect white paper. Later he happened to see the ebony(檀木) in the rivers. It was wet with the water and turned white. Then he used the bark (树皮) to produce the world-famous Xuan paper.
The ink stone was already very popular in the Han Dynasty. The Ming and Qing dynasties saw the appearance of the Four Famous Ink Stones-Duan Ink Stone, She Ink Stone, Tao Ink Stone and Chengni Ink Stone. They can not only be used in writing and painting but also for admiration(钦佩).
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
34．What are the writing brushes mainly made of?
__________________________
35．Where was the high-quality ink stick produced?
__________________________
36．How did Kong Dan find the way to make the famous Xuan paper by accident?
__________________________
37．When did the Four Famous Ink Stones appear?
__________________________
38．What’s the title (标题) of the passage?
__________________________
【答案】
34．They are mainly made of the hair of animals./The hair of animals.
35．Huizhou.
36．He happened to see the ebony in the rivers and used the bark to produce the world-famous Xuan paper.
37．They appeared in the Ming and Qing dynasties./ In the Ming and Qing dynasties
38．The Four Treasures of Study./The History of the Four Treasures of Study.
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在中国，毛笔、墨棒、纸和砚台被称为文房四宝。在优质的珍品中，湖州的毛笔、惠州的墨棒、宣城的宣纸、端溪的砚台是最有名的。
34．根据“The writing brushes can be used to draw the pictures on painted potteries(陶器). They are mainly made of the hair of animals.”可知，毛笔主要是由动物的头发做成的。故填They are mainly made of the hair of animals./The hair of animals.
35．根据“The ink stick produced in Huizhou is of high quality.”可知，惠州生产的墨汁质量上乘。故填Huizhou。
36．根据“Later he happened to see the ebony(檀木) in the rivers. It was wet with the water and turned white. Then he used the bark (树皮) to produce the world-famous Xuan paper.”可知，孔丹偶然在河里看到了檀木，并用其树皮制作了举世闻名的宣纸。故填He happened to see the ebony in the rivers and used the bark to produce the world-famous Xuan paper.
37．根据“The Ming and Qing dynasties saw the appearance of the Four Famous Ink Stones-Duan Ink Stone, She Ink Stone…but also for admiration(钦佩).”可知，四大名砚出现在清明时期。故填They appeared in the Ming and Qing dynasties.
38．这篇文章给我们讲述的是中国文房四宝的相关知识、历史背景、产地等。用“文房四宝”作为题目，能概括短文的中心大意。故填The Four Treasures of Study./The History of the Four Treasures of Study.
五、文段表达(10分)
从下面两个题目中任选一题,根据中文和英文提示,完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
每段人生都有永不褪色的记忆。回首三年中学时光，你学习、运动、旅游、交友、玩耍……其中有快乐、有悲伤、有趣味、有感动，有后悔、有惊喜、有骄傲。请以“A/An______ Thing,”为题，写一篇记叙文，将你的故事与我们分享。
内容参考：
1. What happened to you? ( What, When, Who, Where..)
2. How was it going on? / What did you do then?
3. How did you feel at last? / What did you get from this experience?
要求：
1.文中不得出现真实姓名与校名；
2.语意连贯，层次清晰，书写规范；
3.不少于70词。
参考词汇：happy, sad, interesting, moving, regrettable, surprising
A/An ________ Thing
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
例文：
An Interesting Thing
There was an interesting thing at my home. It was Sunday, so my father didn’t go to work. After lunch, my father went to sleep and I felt a little bit bored. Suddenly, an interesting idea came to my mind. I took four color pens to my father’s room. And then, I helped him put on lipstick with a red pen, painted his face with a yellow pen, drew the left eyebrow with a blue pen and drew the right with a green pen. Finally, I drew a very interesting makeup for dad. And then I went back to watch TV. About half an hour later, he shouted loudly when he was doing with his hair. I laughed loudly, because he was shocked by himself but he wasn’t angry with me. What an interesting thing!
【解析】
1.题干解读：该题目属于记叙文写作。在写作时应根据题目要求讲述事情发生的时间、地点、人物、事情的经过和结果。
2.写作指导：本文时态以一般过去时为主，人称以第一人称和第三人称为主，讲述事情的经过和结果，要叙述完整，条理清晰。
二
最近几年春节,很多人加人了抢红包游戏活动,但也有人表示担忧。假如你叫李华,你在班内开展了一个有关抢红包游戏活动的调查。请你用英文给学校校刊《英语园地》写一封信,介绍此次调查结果并谈谈你的观点。
抢红包
赞同(75%)
1.带来更多的快乐2.结识更多的朋友……
反对(25%)
1.花费太多的时间2.和家人沟通减少……
你的观点
……
要求:
1.必须包含表格所提供的所有信息,并适当发挥;
2.你的观点至少包含两条;
3.词数不少于70。(开头和结尾已给出,但不计入总词数)
参考词汇：抢红包grabbing red packets
Dear Editor,I am writing to tell you about the survey on the activity of grabbing red packets in our class.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
例文：
Dear Editor,
I am writing to tell you about the survey on the activity of grabbing red packets in our class. 75% of the students agree to grab the red packets because they think that it can bring more happiness, and also can make more friends. However, 25% of the students are opposed to grabbing red packets, because it takes too much time and communication with family members will be reduced.
In my opinion, there is no need to wait for the red packet. After all, there are many important things to do in our life.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
1.题干解读：该题目属于书信写作。在写作时应紧接开头继续写作，根据题目要求讲述抢红包游戏调查的结果，赞成抢红包游戏的人的观点和反对玩此游戏的观点，并发表自己的看法。
2.写作指导：本文时态以一般现在时为主，人称以第三人称为主，讲述赞成抢红包游戏的人的观点和反对玩此游戏的观点，要叙述完整，条理清晰。
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