河南省信阳市2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期中考试试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份河南省信阳市2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期中考试试题（Word版附解析），共24页。试卷主要包含了 B等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022-2023学年普通高中高二下学期期中教学质量检测
英语
注意事项：
1.答题前，务必在答题卷规定的地方填写自己的姓名、考号和座位号。
2.答第Ⅰ卷时，每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卷上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;答第Ⅱ卷时，必须使用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卷上书写，要求字体工整，笔迹清晰。在指定的答题区域作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上答题无效。
3.满分150分,考试时间120分钟。
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最住选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How does the woman feel about the man’s idea?
A. Worried. B. Satisfied. C. Disappointed.
2. What does the man want to be?
A. A reporter. B. A lawyer. C. A designer.
3. Where are probably the speakers?
A. In the hotel. B. In the office. C. At the hairdresser’s.
4. How much does the man charge the woman at first?
A.$ 100. B.$ 1,050. C.$ 1 ,150.
5. Why does Steven refuse Mandy’s invitation?
A. He has to prepare for a game. B. He failed to win a contest. C. He dislikes doing sports.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Which movie are the speakers going to see?
A. Jaws. B. Saving Private Ryan. C. Jurassic Park.
7. How will the speakers go to the cinema?
A. By car. B. By subway. C. By bus.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where are probably the speakers?
A. At home. B. In the office. C. In a store.
9. Which key is the man looking for?
A. His office key. B. His house key. C. His car key.
10. What will the man do next?
A. Attend a meeting. B. Go to the kitchen. C. Search for his bag.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Which of the following is the man’s favorite chocolate?
A. White chocolate. B. Milk chocolate. C. Dark chocolate.
12. Who brought cocoa powder to Europe?
A. The Indian. B. The Mexican. C. The Spanish.
13. What does the woman think of chocolate?
A. It’s quite tasty. B. It’s too bitter. C. It’s too sweet.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What does the man want to do at first?
A. Borrow something. B. Ask for advice. C. Make an invitation.
15. Why does the woman dress up today?
A. To attend a wedding. B. To go to a party. C. To go on a date.
16. What does the man say about the woman’s clothing?
A. It’s too formal. B. It’s a bit tight. C. It’s pretty.
17. What will the woman do in the end?
A. Try other clothes. B. Date with the man. C. Start to lose weight.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. How do most people go to Glacier Bay National Park?
A. By car. B. By ship. C. By plane.
19. What can visitors do if they stay locally at a hotel?
A. Take a route from UnCruise.
B. Have a flightseeing trip.
C. Experience Alaska Adventure Sailing.
20. What do we know about Glacier Bay National Park?
A. It’s part of the World Heritage Site.
B. It’s home to more than 200 species of butterflies.
C. It’s the world’s second largest internationally protected area.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Being stuck at home doesn’t mean that learning stops. In fact, it’s just the opposite. Here are some activities and resources to foster kids’ imagination and build their curiosity at home.
Let’s Get Down to the Science
The science lab at school may be closed, but you can still put on a white lab coat and learn at home. This Test Tube Experiment Kit will make you feel like a genius in no time. Kids will get the chance to learn about basic chemistry, physics, and more by creating pop-resistant bubbles, bouncy balls, and other objects.
To Infinity(无穷) and Beyond
Earth is a part of the Milky Way Galaxy, but do you know there are around 100 million galaxies in the universe? There are so many fun and fascinating things to learn about space that the possibilities truly go to infinity and beyond. A great way to start your child’s educational space adventure is with this Real Life Sticker and Activity Book.
Take a Walk on the Wild Side
Biology class is in session! Here’s your chance to get up close and personal with a great white shark without putting on a wetsuit. This 4D Great White Shark Anatomy Kit allows you to get an inside look at what makes these predators of the deep so powerful. And then take an even deeper dive into a shark’s world with I Am Shark.
Take advantage of this time at home and find new ways to keep exploring the world around you.
1. What is common among the activities in the passage?
A. They are all carried out outdoors.
B. They all recommend study resources to kids.
C. They all encourage kids to do experiments.
D. They are all associated with physics.
2. Which resource favors children interested in stars?
A. 4D Great White Shark Anatomy Kit.
B. Test Tube Experiment Kit.
C. Real Life Sticker and Activity Book.
D. I Am Shark.
3. What’s the shared goal of the activities?
A. To inspire kids to study at home.
B. To save kids from boredom.
C. To gain financial benefits.
D. To explore new technologies.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。宅在家并不意味着停止学习，本文介绍了一些可以培养孩子想象力和好奇心的活动和资源。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Being stuck at home doesn’t mean that learning stops.(被困在家里并不意味着停止学习。)”和“Here are some activities and resources to foster kids’ imagination and build their curiosity at home.(以下是一些活动和资源，可以在家里培养孩子们的想象力和好奇心。)”可知，这些活动的共同点是：它们都给孩子推荐了学习资源。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“To Infinity(无穷) and Beyond”下面的“A great way to start your child’s educational space adventure is with this Real Life Sticker and Activity Book.(Real Life Sticker and Activity Book是开启孩子寓教于乐的太空冒险活动的好方法。)”可知，星星与太空有关，所以对星星感兴趣的孩子可以用的学习资源是Real Life Sticker and Activity Book这本书。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Being stuck at home doesn’t mean that learning stops.(被困在家里并不意味着停止学习。)”和“Here are some activities and resources to foster kids’ imagination and build their curiosity at home.(以下是一些活动和资源，可以在家里培养孩子们的想象力和好奇心。)”并结合最后一段“Take advantage of this time at home and find new ways to keep exploring the world around you.(利用在家的时间，找到新的方法来不断探索你周围的世界吧。)”可知，这些活动的共同目标是鼓励孩子在家学习。故选A。
B
From the back seat of a rental car, 2-year-old Hagen repeatedly asked his parents the same question: “Where’s Buzz?” Ashley Davis realized she had left her son’s favorite Buzz Lightyear action figure on the plane. She calmly explained to her son that Buzz was on a “special mission” and would return to him shortly. In fact, she was planning to purchase a replacement toy at a nearby store. Little did Davis know that Buzz was, in fact, on a special mission and would soon be back.
Jason William Hamm, an operations agent at Southwest Airlines, discovered the toy in the plane. He noticed the name Hagen on the bottom of Buzz’s boot. “I was thinking about how this little boy is missing his little buddy, ” Hamm said. Once he tracked down Hagen’s boarding record, he sent an email to the family, asking for the address.
While waiting for a response, Hamm got creative. He took photos of Buzz in front of an airplane, an engine and even a cockpit (驾驶员座舱). And he didn’t stop there. Hamm wrote a letter to Hagen, complete with a Buzz Lightyear logo.
“To Commander Hagen,” the letter reads. “I am very excited to return to you upon completing my mission. I was able to explore the airport and spaceport in Little Rock, Arkansas while I was away, and I have included photos of my adventure. My journey has taught me a lot but I am so thankful to return to my buddy.” Once hearing back from the Davis family, Hamm printed out the photos he took, bubble-wrapped Buzz, and put in the handwritten letter. Then he decorated the outside of the cardboard box with a drawing of Buzz Lightyear, stars and planets.
Upon opening the package, Davis was speechless. “You could see all the love he put into it,” she said. Hagen was extremely surprised. His excitement was caught on camera, and the couple sent a video of his reaction to Hamm. “Seeing the boy’s smile made it all worth it,” Hamm said.
4. What happened to Hagen’s toy?
A. It was missing accidentally.
B. It didn’t get aboard the plane.
C. It got replaced at a nearby store.
D. It was assigned a special mission.
5. What did Hamm do when he found the toy?
A. He made a phone call to its owner.
B. He turned to the airport staff for help.
C. He traced the information about its owner.
D. He took photos of it and posted them online.
6. Why did Hamm write the letter?
A. To surprise Hagen with an interesting story.
B. To convince Hagen that the toy is humanlike.
C To share his adventurous experience with Hagen.
D. To show the toy’s strong attachment to its owner.
7. What does Davis think of Hamm’s deed?
A. Creative.
B. Caring.
C. Heroic.
D. Charitable.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了航空公司的运营代理杰森·威廉·哈姆在飞机上捡到两岁的哈根遗失的巴斯光年公仔，他主动联系哈根家人，并精心构思巴斯光年执行特殊任务的故事，最后，在把玩具送回小主人手中的同时还给他带去了大大的惊喜。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“From the back seat of a rental car, 2-year-old Hagen repeatedly asked his parents the same question: ‘Where’s Buzz?’ Ashley Davis realized she had left her son’s favorite Buzz Lightyear action figure on the plane. (坐在租来的汽车后座上，两岁的哈根反复问父母同一个问题：“巴斯在哪里?”阿什利·戴维斯意识到她把儿子最喜欢的巴斯光年公仔落在飞机上了)”可知，哈根的玩具不小心落在了飞机上，丢失了。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“He noticed the name Hagen on the bottom of Buzz’s boot. (他注意到巴斯靴子底部的哈根这个名字)”和下文“Once he tracked down Hagen’s boarding record, he sent an email to the family, asking for the address. (他一查到哈根的登机记录，就给哈根的家人发了一封电子邮件，询问地址)”可知，哈姆发现玩具后开始追踪了关于玩具主人的信息。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“‘To Commander Hagen,’ the letter reads. ‘I am very excited to return to you upon completing my mission. I was able to explore the airport and spaceport in Little Rock, Arkansas while I was away, and I have included photos of my adventure. My journey has taught me a lot but I am so thankful to return to my buddy.’ (“致哈根司令，”信上写道。“完成任务后，我很兴奋能回到你身边。当我离开的时候，我探索了阿肯色州小石城的机场和太空港，我附上了我的冒险照片。我的旅程教会了我很多，但我很感激能回到我的朋友身边。”)”和第五段中“Hagen was extremely surprised. (哈根非常吃惊)”可推知，哈姆在信中描述了巴斯光年公仔的历险经历，是为了用一个有趣的故事给哈根一个惊喜。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“Upon opening the package, Davis was speechless. “You could see all the love he put into it,” she said. (打开包裹时，戴维斯说不出话来。“你能看到他对它倾注的所有爱，”她说)”可推知，戴维斯认为哈姆的行为充满了爱心，非常体贴。故选B项。
C
ChatGPT is a new AI system that sounds so human in conversations that it could host its own radio programs. Reading between its instantly generated, perfectly grammatical lines, people see different visions of the future. Without doubt, ChatGPT is impressive.
Some compare the emergence of ChatGPT to the impact of the iPhone, but that doesn’t do it justice. ChatGPT, as well as the generative AI that will follow and outsmart it, is disruptive. And yet, that doesn’t necessarily mean the end of the world is upon us. On the contrary, ChatGPT, I would argue, might serve to make us more aware of our irreplaceable human qualities.
Take the creative act, writing in particular, as an example. If you want it to, the AI-powered chatbot (聊天机器人) always produces something because it has the whole world of online data to draw from. But unlike us, it lacks the consciousness. Thinking is hard, critical thinking even harder, and ChatGPT isn’t good at either. It just restates what has already been said; it is one big recycling machine.
There is another obvious limitation of ChatGPT. Philosopher Harry Frankfurt once claimed: the difference between a bullshitter (胡说八道的人) and a liar is that the liar knows what the truth is but decides to take the opposite direction; a bullshitter, however, has no regard for the truth at all. The AI scholar Gary Marus applies this distinction to ChatGPT. He believes that we have reached a critical point where “the price of bullshit reaches zero and people who want to spread misinformation, either politically or just to make a profit, start doing that plentifully”. Unfortunately, ChatGPT will reproduce misinformation from any of its input sources — it is not an intelligent system that tries to balance or weigh different perspectives. In this sense, everything that ChatGPT writes is bullshit.
This is why the so-called AIQ is critical. It is actually an extension and a measurement of our human IQ: our overall knowledge of AI tools, our mastery of clues, and our ethical awareness. ChatGPT is going to change everything — and nothing. Creativity, imagination and ethics — these will all remain unique human range. It is the AI’s very limitations that will make us appreciate our own.
8. What can we learn about ChatGPT from the passage?
A. It generates immediate language responses.
B. It provides instructions on writing skills.
C. It helps generate an artificial voice.
D. It offers a service for language learning.
9. What does the underlined word “disruptive” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Evil. B. Revolutionary. C. Profitable. D. Reliable.
10. Why does the author consider ChatGPT as a bullshit generator?
A. It makes up lies constantly.
B. It always takes a neutral standpoint.
C. It often makes unfair judgement.
D. It can’t tell right from wrong.
11. What’s the passage mainly about?
A. ChatGPT should be treated like a toy, not a tool.
B. ChatGPT is causing panic now.
C. ChatGPT makes us realize the unique human features.
D. ChatGPT is bound to generate bullshit.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，论述了与人类相比，新型人工智能ChatGPT的优点和缺点，从而赞美了只有人类所具有的创造力、想象力和道德这些独特品质。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Reading between its instantly generated, perfectly grammatical lines, people see different visions of the future.(在即时生成的、语法完美的字里行间阅读，人们看到了对未来的不同愿景。)”可知，ChatGPT可以即时生成文字。再结合第三段中的“If you want it to, the AI-powered chatbot(聊天机器人) always produces something because it has the whole world of online data to draw from.(如果你愿意，这个人工智能聊天机器人总是会产生一些东西，因为它有整个世界的在线数据可供借鉴。)”可知，ChatGPT是一个人工智能聊天机器人，它可以借鉴全球在线数据来和人类聊天。由此可以看出，ChatGPT可以即时生成语言回复。故选A。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中disruptive所在句的后一句“And yet, that doesn’t necessarily mean the end of the world is upon us.(然而，这并不一定意味着世界末日即将来临。)”可推断出，ChatGPT及未来的人工智能对世界可能带来极大的改变，disruptive意为“破坏性的”，在此处可引申为“颠覆性的”。evil邪恶的；revolutionary革命性的，突破性的；profitable盈利的；reliable可依靠的。B项意思与其最为接近。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But unlike us, it lacks the consciousness. Thinking is hard, critical thinking even harder, and ChatGPT isn’t good at either.(但与我们不同的是，它缺乏意识。思考很难，批判性思维更难，而ChatGPT也不擅长。)”和倒数第二段中的“Unfortunately, ChatGPT will reproduce misinformation from any of its input sources — it is not an intelligent system that tries to balance or weigh different perspectives.(不幸的是，ChatGPT将从其任何输入来源复制错误信息——它不是一个试图平衡或权衡不同观点的智能系统。)”可知，ChatGPT缺乏人类所具有的意识，无法评判不同的观点。由此可推断，它“胡说八道”的原因是它没有区分对错的能力。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章首先描述了ChatGPT的非凡能力，接着第二段最后一句“On the contrary, ChatGPT, I would argue, might serve to make us more aware of our irreplaceable human qualities.(相反，我认为，ChatGPT可能有助于让我们更加意识到我们不可替代的人类品质。)”点明主题：ChatGPT会让我们关注自身所拥有的独特品质。接下来作者讲述了ChatGPT在创造性上的不足和不分对错的局限。作者并在最后一段提到“Creativity, imagination and ethics — these will all remain unique human range. It is the AI’s very limitations that will make us appreciate our own.(创造力、想象力和道德——这些都将仍是人类独有的领域。正是人工智能的局限性让我们欣赏自己的局限性。)”，点明了人类品质的重要性。故选C。
D
A research shows animated(动画) movies can serve as valuable tools for parents to improve communication with children.
Disney films, for example, combine entertainment with life lessons about love, friendship, good versus evil, death and loss, and the importance of family. Talking about these important issues together can strengthen a child’s cognitive(认知的) and behavioral development, according to a study by the University of Houston.
Researchers found parents, brothers and sisters have become obviously more visible in Disney films over the last decade. Almost 73% of the films shared the message about loving yourself and others, and 27% focused on morality and social values.
“Based on examples generated from these movies, parents could hear various potential questions kids may ask if they are anxious about a situation that is faced by child characters,” said Monit Cheung, the study’s lead author. “Apart from these family stories, films can also teach children about unfair situations in society and acceptance of differences.”
The study even provides a table of the Disney films and their themes to help parents decide which movie is most relevant based on the developmental age of their child or what problems their children are facing. Joan Huang, co-author of the research, used the scene between Scar and Mufasa in “The Lion King” as an example to discuss the meanings of conflict, death and grief.
The researchers point out how Disney movies today illustrate(说明) families as more diverse, potentially leading to a better understanding and respect for cultural differences.
“Early Disney films focused on love within romantic relationships, but recent movies like ‘Frozen’ focus on the power of love between family members,” Huang explained. “It’s a significant change in how love can be very diverse and how people apply love to their social relationships. Disney films could be used as materials to open parent-child conversations to feed children’s minds and broaden their horizons of life.”
12. What should parents do according to the research?
A. Talk about issues shown in Disney films with their children.
B. Pay attention to children’s behavioral development.
C. Combine entertainment with their life.
D. Limit the time their children spend watching animated movies.
13. What will Monit Cheung probably agree with?
A. Death and loss should be avoided in animated movies.
B. Kids often ask unrelated questions while watching animated movies.
C. Disney films have paid more attention to family in the last decade.
D Parents are worried about the social values of their children.
14. How do Disney films lead to respect for cultural differences?
A. They each have a different theme.
B. They give examples of diverse families.
C. They show cultures of different countries.
D. They are watched by kids around the world.
15. What’s the best title for the text?
A. Parent-child Conversations Broaden Kids’ Horizons
B. Animated Movies May Help Parents Communicate with Kids
C. Researchers Go a Step Further into Cultural Awareness
D. Disney Films Are Turning to More Educational Goals
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，动画电影可以作为父母改善与孩子沟通的宝贵工具。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Talking about these important issues together can strengthen a child’s cognitive(认知的) and behavioral development, according to a study by the University of Houston.(根据休斯顿大学的一项研究，一起谈论这些重要问题可以促进孩子认知和行为方面的发展。)”可知，该研究表明，和孩子一起谈论迪士尼电影中所表达的问题，可以有助于孩子认知能力和行为能力的提升。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Researchers found parents, brothers and sisters have become obviously more visible in Disney films over the last decade.(研究人员发现，在过去十年中，父母、兄弟姐妹在迪士尼电影中的形象明显越来越多。)”可知，在过去的十年里，迪士尼电影更加注重家庭主题。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The researchers point out how Disney movies today illustrate(说明) families as more diverse, potentially leading to a better understanding and respect for cultural differences.(研究人员指出了当今迪士尼电影是如何将家庭描绘得更加多样化的，这有可能使人们更好地理解和尊重文化差异。)”说明了迪士尼电影通过向观众展示多元化家庭的例子来使人们尊重文化差异。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“A research shows animated(动画) movies can serve as valuable tools for parents to improve communication with children.(一项研究表明，动画电影可以作为父母改善与孩子沟通的宝贵工具。)”和最后一段中的“Disney films could be used as materials to open parent-child conversations to feed children’s minds and broaden their horizons of life.(迪士尼电影可以被用作开启亲子对话的素材，滋养孩子们的思想，拓宽他们的生活视野。)”可知，本文围绕迪士尼动画电影对改善亲子沟通的作用展开，所以B项“动画电影可能有助于家长和孩子沟通”最适合作本文标题。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
As summer approaches, many are refreshing their gardens to reflect the change in season. As we become more eco-conscious, promoting biodiversity (生物多样性) tops our to-do list. ____16____.
◆Grow plants for pollinators.
Pollinators like bees can see the color purple more clearly than any other, so planting purple color flowers like lavender will lead to a bee-filled paradise (天堂). Herbs also attract butterflies and bees if you allow them to flower. A key tip to remember is that most roses aren’t ideal for pollinators. ____17____.
◆Just add water.
Add running water to your garden. ____18____. Such addition can make it more appealing to birds and wildlife. Adding a bird bath or a small water feature can attract a whole new range of wildlife, from frogs to dragonflies. Add small rocks into your water feature to prevent insects or animals drowning.
◆____19____.
Home-grown plants adapt to local soil and environmental conditions, meaning that they require less care. They also promote biodiversity and decrease soil erosion (侵蚀), while also reducing the use of chemical fertilizers (化肥) — a true win-win. By buying home-grown plants you can help to prevent foreign species reaching your garden and the countryside. Although these species are often harmless in their native habitats, they can cause disease and competition in a new environment.
◆Create homes for wildlife.
____20____. So consider building bee hotels and bird houses, placing planting pots upside down, or even letting leaves and sticks pile up in the garden to provide a safe place for wildlife. And before you commit yourself to a neatly polished space, consider leaving room for a little chaos.
A. Stick to native plants
B. Grow domestic vegetables
C. It is difficult for the bees to get to the center of the flower to feed
D. Here are some tips to help strike the balance between beauty and biodiversity
E Don’t feel discouraged if the wildlife shelter is empty at first
F. Thoughtful structures in gardens are ideal shelters
G. It helps purify the air and provide nutrition for local wildlife
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. G 19. A 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些做园艺时在美和生物多样性之间寻求平衡的方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文中的“refreshing their gardens”“more eco-conscious”“promoting biodiversity”可知，上文提到了想要让花园焕然一新以及有促进生物多样性的环保意识。结合下文分条列出的建议可知，空处应承上启下，D项“以下是一些有助于在美和生物多样性之间取得平衡的建议”符合题意。故选D。
【17题详解】
上文“A key tip to remember is that most roses aren’t ideal for pollinators.(需要记住的一个关键提示是，大多数玫瑰对传粉昆虫来说并不理想)”提到了不要在花园种不利于传粉的玫瑰，接下来应对此进行解释，C项“蜜蜂很难到达花朵的中心觅食”符合题意。故选C。
【18题详解】
上文“Add running water to your garden.(给你的花园加自来水)”建议加自来水，这里应解释这么做的好处，G项“它有助于净化空气并为当地野生动物提供营养”符合题意。故选G。
【19题详解】
空处是本段小标题。根据下文多次提到的“Home-grown plants”和整段内容可知，本段主要介绍了种本地植物的好处，所以A项“坚持种本地植物”符合题意。故选A。
【20题详解】
小标题“Create homes for wildlife.(为野生动物建造家园)”表明了本段主要讲述的是如何给野生动物筑窝。F项“花园中体贴的建筑是理想的庇护所”符合题意，其中的“ideal shelters”与小标题中的“homes”相照应。故选F。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空的最佳选项。
When Nihal was eight years old, he went to visit his grandparents who lived near the Krisha river. He saw people ____21____ rubbish and plastic waste into the water. This was the point at which the ecologist in him ____22____, and he wanted to do something.
Nihal has always been ____23____ by environmental issues, but he’s never given them much ____24____ except reading the relevant novels. ____25____, one day, after hearing about a large fire ____26____ by a lithium battery(锂离子电池) at a waste disposal(处置) site in California, he became ____27____ and determined to do something. He thought, although the problem could be settled, many people who were observing would simply ____28____ it. That’s when the concept for “ Recycle My Battery ” ____29____.
Then, Nihal did more research into battery _____30_____ and discovered that many worldwide companies have _____31_____ about batteries. “ Surely there has to be a _____32_____ to keep them out of landfills(废物填埋地),” he remarked. Then he began to _____33_____ batteries at his school and in the neighbourhood. His father would drive him _____34_____ throughout every corner of towns to collect _____35_____ batteries. With so many batteries piled up, he decided to _____36_____ his own non-profit Recycle My Battery.
So far, more than 1.5 million people have _____37_____ Recycle My Battery. Nihal and his strong team of young people have already recycled over 150,000 deserted batteries and taught over 1.5 million people about the _____38_____ of battery recycling.
Nihal, now only 12 years old, has been struggling for three years to _____39_____ the battery pollution, calling on others to raise battery recycling _____40_____ and working towards the aim of zero pollution.
21. A. pushing B. settling C. hiding D. throwing
22. A. agreed B. existed C. appeared D. acted
23. A. attracted B. confused C. touched D. delighted
24. A. donation B. prediction C. conclusion D. consideration
25. A. Moreover B. However C. Instead D. Besides
26. A. caused B. burnt C. lighted D. set
27. A. curious B. shocked C. proud D. cautious
28. A. allow B. treasure C. order D. ignore
29. A. broke down B. stuck out C. came about D. got around
30. A. distributions B. bursts C. expenses D. restrictions
31. A. concerns B. doubts C. connection D. patience
32. A. version B. course C. pace D. way
33. A. restore B. collect C. rent D. purchase
34. A. tirelessly B. gratefully C. sincerely D. curiously
35. A. brand-new B. energy-consuming C. second-hand D. home-made
36. A. rebuild B. expand C. support D. establish
37. A. thrown light on B. broken away from C. signed up for D. come up with
38. A. necessity B. capacity C. decision D. creation
39. A. measure B. recycle C. clear D. investigate
40. A. assessment B. awareness C. advertisement D. protection
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. C 40. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。Nihal在八岁的时候就有了环保意识，他成立了Recycle My Battery来回收旧电池，号召人们提高回收旧电池的环保意识，减少污染，并取得了不错的成果。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他看到人们把垃圾和塑料废物扔进水中。A. pushing推；B. settling解决（分歧、纠纷等）；C. hiding隐藏；D. throwing扔，掷。根据空后的“rubbish and plastic waste”可知，这里指扔垃圾和塑料废物。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是他身上的环境保护主义者出现的时刻，他想做点什么。A. agreed同意；B. existed存在；C. appeared出现；D. acted表现。根据上下文和句中的“the point at which the ecologist in him”可知，这里是说他身上的环保意识出现的时刻。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nihal一直被环境问题吸引，但除了阅读相关小说外，他从未考虑太多这些问题。A. attracted吸引；B. confused使困惑；C. touched触摸，触动；D. delighted使高兴。根据空后的“environmental issues”可知，他被环境问题吸引。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. donation捐献；B. prediction预测；C. conclusion结论；D. consideration仔细考虑，深思。根据下文中的“He thought, although the problem could be settled...”可推测出，在此之前，他从未认真思考过环境问题。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，有一天，在听说加利福尼亚的一个废物处理站锂电池引发一场大火后，他感到震惊，并决心做点什么。A. Moreover此外；B. However然而；C. Instead反而；D. Besides而且。上文“he’s never given them much ____4____except reading the relevant novels”表明他之前从未认真考虑过环境问题，下文“he became ____7____and determined to do something”表明他决定做些什么，前后表示转折。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. caused造成；B. burnt燃烧；C. lighted点燃；D. set设置。根据空后的“by a lithium battery”可知，火灾是由锂电池引发的。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. curious好奇的；B. shocked震惊的；C. proud骄傲的；D. cautious小心的。根据常识和上文的“a large fire ____6____by a lithium battery(锂离子电池) at a waste disposal(处置) site in California”可知，在听到发生火灾的消息后，他感到很震惊。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他认为，尽管这个问题可以解决，但许多在观察的人会忽视它。A. allow允许；B. treasure珍视；C. order命令；D. ignore忽视。根据although可知，上下文表示转折，由此可推测，这些人会忽视这个问题。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：就在那时，“回收我的电池”的概念产生了。A. broke down出故障；B. stuck out醒目；C. came about发生，产生；D. got around各处走动。根据下文中的“he decided to ____16____ his own non-profit Recycle My Battery”可知，他想让人们意识到电池爆炸的风险，所以成立了“回收我的电池”，这里是说该项目的概念产生。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，Nihal对电池爆炸进行了更多的研究，发现世界各地的许多公司都对电池感到担忧。A. distributions分配；B. bursts爆破；C. expenses花费；D. restrictions限制规定。根据上文中的“a large fire ____6____by a lithium battery(锂离子电池) at a waste disposal(处置) site in California”和常识可知，电池处理不当会发生爆炸。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. concerns担心；B. doubts疑惑，疑问；C. connection联系；D. patience耐心。根据空后的“about batteries”可知，许多公司也担心电池问题。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“当然，必须有办法让它们远离垃圾填埋场,”他说道。A. version版本；B. course课程；C. pace速度；D. way方式。a way to do sth.意为“做某事的方法”。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他开始在学校和附近收集电池。A. restore修复；B. collect收集；C. rent租用；D. purchase购买。根据下句中的“collect ____15____ batteries”可知，此处为原词复现，指收集电池。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他的父亲会不知疲倦地开车带他走遍城镇的每个角落，收集二手电池。A. tirelessly不知疲倦地；B. gratefully感激地；C. sincerely真诚地；D. curiously好奇地。根据空后的“throughout every corner of towns”和语境可知，他的父亲很支持他的做法，不辞辛劳地载他做回收活动。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. brand-new崭新的；B. energy-consuming消耗精力的；C. second-hand旧的，用过的；D. home-made自制的。根据上文中的“keep them out of landfills(废物填埋地)”可知，会被扔到垃圾填埋场的电池肯定是用过的电池。故选C。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于堆积了这么多电池，他决定建立自己的非营利组织“回收我的电池”。A. rebuild重建；B. expand扩大；C. support支持；D. establish建立。根据上文“That’s when the concept for “ Recycle My Battery ” ____9____.(就是在那时，‘回收我的电池’概念产生了)”可知，上文是刚产生这个概念，此处指成立真实的组织。故选D。
【37题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：到目前为止，已有超过150万人报名参加“回收我的电池”。A. thrown light on使（问题等）较容易理解；B. broken away from逃离；C. signed up for报名参加；D. come up with提出。根据下文中的“his strong team of young people”可知，许多人报名参加了这个项目。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Nihal和他强大的年轻人团队已经回收了超过150 000个废弃的电池，并让150多万人懂得了电池回收的必要性。A. necessity必要；B. capacity能力；C. decision决定；D. creation创造。根据空后的“of battery recycling”和语境可知，此处是说电池回收的必要性。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nihal现在年仅12岁，三年来一直在努力清除电池污染，呼吁其他人提高电池回收意识，努力实现零污染的目标。A. measure测量；B. recycle回收利用；C. clear清除；D. investigate调查。根据空后的“battery pollution”和下文中的“the aim of zero pollution”可知，这里指清除电池污染。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. assessment评估；B. awareness意识；C. advertisement广告；D. protection保护。根据空前的“raise battery recycling”可知。此处指提高电池回收意识。raise awareness意为“提高意识”。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Potala Palace (布达拉宫) features a wall painting ____41____ illustrates a historic marriage between members of the Han and Tibetan ethnic groups. Like the wall painting, many other relics in Tibet have also helped ____42____(far) uncover cultural communication between Tibet and the rest of China.
____43____(original) built in the eighth century, the Samye Monastery is listed as an example of a combination of cultural heritage and architectural styles, while the Shalu Monastery, set up in 1087, is another example of a mix of architectural styles.
The earliest archaeological site ____44____(identify) at the heart of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (高原) so far is the Nwya Devu site. More than 4,000 stone artifacts (石器) ____45____(find) at the Paleolithic site since 2016. Scientific analysis shows that the site ____46____(date) back to some 40,000 years ago.
Archaeological ____47____(discovery) have also provided abundant evidence of cultural integration. For example, the wooden carving unearthed from Tibet’s Ngari and those from Xinjiang are similar ____48____ shape.
The cultural ____49____(connect) between Tibet and the Yellow River basin was proved at the Karub ruins with the finding of a crop planted in northern China. The finding proved _____50_____ communication between the plateau and northern China some 5,000 years ago.
【答案】41. which##that
42. further
43. Originally
44. identified
45. have been found
46. dates 47. discoveries
48. in 49. connection
50. the
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了西藏的一些遗迹，这些遗迹解开了西藏和中国其他地方的文化交流。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：布达拉宫的特色是一幅壁画，这幅壁画描绘了汉族和藏族之间的名垂青史的联姻。分析句子结构，空处引导一个限制性定语从句，修饰指物的先行词a wall painting，关系词在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。
【42题详解】
考查比较级。句意：与这幅壁画一样，西藏的许多其他遗迹也有助于进一步揭示西藏与中国其他地区之间的文化交流。此处应用副词作状语修饰动词uncover。根据句中的“cultural communication between Tibet and the rest of China”可知，这里表示进一步揭示二者之间的文化交流，应用副词的比较级。far的比较级有farther和further，前者表示距离上的远，后者表示程度上的更进一步，这里应用后者。故填further。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：桑耶寺始建于八世纪，被列为文化遗产和建筑风格相结合的典范，而建于1087年的夏鲁寺则是建筑风格相融合的另一个典范。分析句子结构，此处应用副词作状语修饰动词built，首字母大写。故填Originally。
【44题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：在青藏高原中心发现的迄今为止最早的考古遗址是尼阿底遗址。分析句子结构，本句的谓语是is，所以空处应用非谓语动词，和空后的“at the heart of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (高原) so far”一起作后置定语。逻辑主语The earliest archaeological site和非谓语动词identify之间是动宾关系，且这里表示的动作已经完成，所以应用过去分词。故填identified。
【45题详解】
考查主谓一致、时态和语态。句意：自2016年以来，在旧石器时代遗址已经发现了4 000多件石器。根据句中的时间状语“since 2016”可知，本句应用现在完成时。且主语More than 4,000 stone artifacts表示复数，并和谓语动词find之间是动宾关系，所以谓语应用复数形式，且应用被动语态。故填have been found。
【46题详解】
考查主谓一致和时态。句意：科学分析表明，该遗址可以追溯到大约4 0000年前。date back to...意为“追溯到……”，为固定搭配，无被动形式。主语the site表示单数，所以谓语应用单数形式。根据句意和主句中shows可知，这里应用一般现在时，描述客观情况。故填dates。
【47题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：考古发现也为文化融合提供了丰富的证据。根据空前的形容词Archaeological可知，空处应用名词。discovery为名词，意为“发现”，既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词。根据空后的have可知，这里应用名词复数作主语。故填discoveries。
【48题详解】
考查介词。句意：例如，西藏阿里出土的木雕和新疆出土的木雕形状相似。be similar in...意为“在……方面相似”，为固定搭配。故填in。
【49题详解】
考查名词。句意：在卡若遗址发现了一种在中国北方种植的作物，这证明了西藏和黄河流域之间的文化联系。根据空前的形容词cultural可知，空处应用名词。connection作名词时意为“联系”，为可数名词。再结合句中的was可知，这里应用名词单数。故填connection。
【50题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这一发现证明了大约5 000年前青藏高原和中国北方之间的交流。根据句中的“between the plateau and northern China some 5,000 years ago”可知，这里特指青藏高原和中国北方之间的交流，应用定冠词the。故填the。
第四部分 写作(共两节;满分35分)
第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每次错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
With society develops fast, many people think that we must have two friends in our life. One is the library and the another is the playground. If we can make friend with the library, which means we can have enough new books to read. As we know it, information changes so fast and reading can make us wise and intelligent. On other hand, if we have the playground, we can take daily exercise to strengthen our body.
Although I am busy with my study, I still tried to spare some time to read some books and to do some sports every day. After I go to bed, I read some books included literature and news for 15 minutes. And if possible, I sometimes get up 30 minutes early than usual to walk to school instead of taking a bus. Then I can be strong, smart and happy forever.
【答案】1. develops→developing或With→As
2. another→other
3. friend→friends
4. which→it /this/that
5. know后删除it
6. other前添加the
7. tried→try
8. After→Before
9. included→including
10. early→earlier
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。许多人认为我们必须有两个朋友：图书馆和操场。这两个朋友可以让我们头脑有智慧、身体变强壮。
【详解】1. 考查非谓语动词或时间状语从句。句意：随着社会的快速发展，许多人认为我们在生活中必须有两个朋友。with是介词，可构成“with+宾语+非谓语动词”复合结构，其后不可跟句子。且逻辑主语society和动词develop之间是主谓关系，所以应用现在分词developing。根据句意“随着社会的快速发展”，这里也可将With改为As，引导时间状语从句。故将develops改为developing或将With改为As。
2. 考查不定代词。句意：一个是图书馆，另一个是操场。another意为“另一个”，常用于表示三者或三者以上中的另一个。根据上文中的“two friends”可知，这里表示在两者之间，应用other，表示两者中的另一个，one…the other…表示“一个……另一个……”。故将another改为other。
3. 考查名词复数。句意：如果我们能和图书馆交朋友，这意味着我们可以有足够的新书阅读。make friends with…意为“和……交朋友”，为固定搭配。故将friend改为friends。
4. 考查代词。句意参考上题。分析句子结构，本句是一个主从复合句，If引导条件状语从句，所以逗号后为主句。这里指代我们能和图书馆交朋友这件事，表示特指，应用it，this或that。故将which改为it/this/that。
5. 考查定语从句。句意：正如我们所知，信息变化如此之快，阅读可以使我们变得明智和聪明。分析句子结构，As引导一个非限制性定语从句，指代后面主句的内容，且在从句中作know的宾语，所以应将know后的it去掉。故know后删除it。
6. 考查冠词。句意：另一方面，如果我们有操场，我们可以每天锻炼来增强我们的身体。on the other hand意为“另一方面”，为固定搭配，常和on the one hand搭配使用。故在other前添加the。
7. 考查时态。句意：虽然我忙于学习，但我仍然努力每天抽出一些时间来读一些书和做一些运动。根据句中的时间状语every day和从句中的am可知，这里应用一般现在时，表示习惯性的动作。故将tried改为try。
8. 考查时间状语从句。句意：睡觉前，我会读15分钟的一些书，（这些书）包括文学和新闻。分析句子结构，逗号前是一个时间状语从句。结合常识可知，一般是睡觉前读书。故将After改为Before。
9. 考查非谓语动词。句意参考上题。分析句子结构，included后面有宾语literature and news，且和some books之间是主动关系，应用现在分词表示主动。故将included改为including。
10. 考查比较级。句意：如果可能的话，我有时会比平时早起30分钟步行去学校，而不是坐公交车。根据句中的than usual可知，这里表示“比平时早”，要应用early的比较级earlier。故将early改为earlier。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 为帮助同学们提升阅读兴趣、养成阅读习惯、增加民族自信，学校图书馆特在4月23日世界读书日举办了“阅读经典 点亮人生”的演讲比赛，请你写一篇新闻报道报道此次活动。内容包括：
1. 活动目的、时间、地点等；
2. 活动内容；
3. 活动意义。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：阅读经典点亮人生：Reading Classics Enlightens life
世界读书日：the World Book Day
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
In order to arouse us students’ interest in reading traditional Chinese classic books and help us form good reading habits, our school held an English speech competition themed “Reading Classics Enlightens life” on the World Book Day, April 23rd.
The competition was held in the lecture hall in our school. First, our headmaster delivered a lecture on the benefits of reading classic books. He emphasized the significance of reading — not only could it bring us wisdom of wise people in the history, but also it could promote the progress and development of both ourselves and us human beings. Then, some student competitors gave speeches to talk about how to read books. As the speakers said, we should first learn to tell good books from bad ones. And then we should read with reflection, which will help us readers internalize the knowledge and thoughts in a book. Finally, the winners received some classic books as prizes.
This activity has greatly improved our understanding of reading Chinese classic books and enhanced our national confidence.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇新闻报道，报道学校图书馆特在4月23日世界读书日举办的“阅读经典 点亮人生”的演讲比赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
比赛：competition→contest
强调：emphasize→put emphasis on
重要性：significance→importance
最后：finally→eventually
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In order to arouse us students’ interest in reading traditional Chinese classic books and help us form good reading habits, our school held an English speech competition themed “Reading Classics Enlightens life” on the World Book Day, April 23rd.
拓展句：Our school held an English speech competition themed “Reading Classics Enlightens life” on the World Book Day April 23rd, which aimed to arouse us students’ interest in reading traditional Chinese classic books and help us form good reading habits.
【点睛】【高分句型1】He emphasized the significance of reading — not only could it bring us wisdom of wise people in the history, but also it could promote the progress and development of both ourselves and us human beings.（not only置于句首引起的部分倒装）
【高分句型2】And then we should read with reflection, which will help us readers internalize the knowledge and thoughts in a book.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
听力答案：1—5BACCB 6—10 CAACB 11—15 BCAAC 16—20 CABBA