2023届四川省攀枝花市高三下学期第三次统一考试英语试题（含答案）

这是一份2023届四川省攀枝花市高三下学期第三次统一考试英语试题（含答案），共29页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，短文改错，开放性作文等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023届四川省攀枝花市高三下学期第三次统一考试英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
THEATER
From Lincoln Center comes “a new production of the most perfect musical of all time”, Lerner & Loewe’s My Fair Lady. Director Bartlett Sher’s glowing production is “thrilling, glorious and better than it ever was”. The production features such classic songs as I Could Have Danced All Night, The Rain in Spain and Wouldn’t it Be Lovely.

Dates &Times: Now through Mar 8 Tue-Fri at 7:30 Sat & Sun at 1:30& 7:30
Details: Kennedy Center Opera House
Kennedy-center. org or call 202-467-4600
Price: Tickets available at the Box Office
MUSIC-CONCERTS

The Marine Band kicks off its 2021 season with a journey through John Philip Sousa’s keen imagination for the theater, revealing another side of The March King. The concert is dedicated to his operettas, including the marches, songs and instrumental selections from EL. Captain, The Charlatan, The bride Elect and other works for the stage.
Dates & Times: Sunday, Feb 28 at2 pm
DETAILS: Center for the Arts University
Braddock Road & Route 123, Fairfax, VA202-433-4011
www.marincbband. marines.mil
PRICE: Free Tickets Required
ADDITIONAL: Free parking available
MUSIC-ORCHESTRAL

The Apollo Orchestra welcomes violinist Roberto Diaz to perform Jennifer Higdon’s Grammy-winning Viola Concerto.
DATES & TIMES: Sunday, Feb 28 at 4pm
DETAILS: Chevy Chase Presbyterian Church, 1 Chevy Chase Circle
Washington, DC20015
www.apolloorchestra.com
PRICE: Free
ADDITIONAL: Free parking
COMEDY

A musica! political satire.
Bringing comedy to politics!
Info:202-312-1555
www.capsteps.com
DATES & TIMES: Fridays & Saturdays at 7:30 pm.
DETAILS: Ronald Reagan Building
1300 Pennsylvania Ave. NW
Ticketmaster.com
PRICE: $36
ADDITIONAL: Discounts available for groups of 10 or more.
Call 202-312-1427
1．We can get further details about My Fair Lady by________.
A．calling 202-433-4011 B．contacting Roberto Diaz
C．going to Kennedy-center. org D．visiting Lincoln Center Theater
2．We can enjoy a violin performance at___________
A．the Ronald Reagan Building B．the Kennedy Center Opera House
C．Center for the Arts University D．Chevy Chase Presbyterian Church
3．Which show offers discounts for a 12-member family?
A．My Fair Lady. B．Make America Grin Again.
C．The Apollo Orchestra. D．The Marine Band’s Sousa Season Opener.

Standing on the shore of a lake, I can’t help wondering about the tens or hundreds of thousands of small rocks that surround my boots. They were all created from hard surfaces, their edges softening over time.
And I wonder, can we learn from a pile of rocks?
Even the tallest mountains have worm down; none are as tall as they were 1000 years ago. And much like a rock, I’ve found my attitude has softened and my desire to better understand others has expanded with each trip around the sun.
Once I was a sharp rock covered in pointy edges. Today, after decades of the waters of life flowing quickly over me, my edges are softer and more understanding I’m less likely to judge and more interested in learning how we can exist together.
But I’m not a rock. I’m a human being filled with all the drama built into my DNA．
Two years ago, while traveling in the Pacific Northwest, I watched a restaurant owner ask several people to leave for not wearing masks. Not forceful and not rude. On the door read a sign: “Please wear a mask before entering our restaurant. We don’t like it either, but let’s all do what we can to get through this together.”
The group of young men wished to argue about the note.
I sat watching, understanding both sides. I’ve been those guys before, using my youthful edges to chip away at the world. What I lost, however, was the ability to grow from experiences by looking through the eyes of others. In learning to be more open, I’ve also found more happiness and success.
You can put more rounded rocks in a jar than those with sharp edges. The former look for ways to adjust and make room for others; the latter never give an inch to accommodate others.
Time, like the waters rolling against once sharp stones, changes us by washing away our resistance to seeing the world from another’s point of view.
I placed a rounded stone into my jacket pocket. Mother Nature is holding class again.
4．What does the author compare the rocks to?
A．People’s abilities. B．People’s character.
C．What nature offers us. D．Challenges that we meet.
5．The owner refused the young men into the restaurant because_________.
A．they argued with him B．their behaviors were impolite
C．they were unwilling to obey his rule D．they were wearing informal clothes
6．The underlined phrase “chip away at” probably means________.
A．fight against B．do harm to
C．get on well with D．adapt to
7．What is the main idea of the text?
A．Be brave when facing difficulties. B．Be understanding towards others.
C．We learn from waters of life. D．Our edges soften over time.

Everyone fails from time to time. We try to learn from our mistakes and move on, leaving them behind. But one museum is doing quite the opposite. It’s a showcase for failure, both famous and forgotten.
Inspired by the Museum of Broken Relationships in Croatia, Samuel West, a psychologist from Sweden, decided to make our silly mistakes public. He founded the Museum of Failure in 2017. Now the museum is hitting the road, with a travelling exhibition in Shanghai from Jan 18 to March 17. The Museum will exhibit over 100 “failed” products from big-name companies such as Nokia, Apple and Coca-Cola.
“I really hope you see that these big brands that everybody respects screw up too,” West told The New York Times. “I hope that makes you feel less nervous about learning something new.”
West’s opinion isn’t new. The famous German-American physicist Albert Einstein once said,  “A person who never made a mistake never tried anything new.” This idea has been eagerly accepted by big companies in the US. Silicon Valley, for example, is the home of some of the world’s most innovative (创新的) tech companies. A common slogan is, “Fail fast, fail often.”
However, there are reasons for this. “The best companies are those that encourage failure, welcome out-of-box thinking and allow employees to make mistakes and see what happens,” wrote Simon Casuto of Forbes.
This may lead to carelessness and a lack of effort. Some people are skeptical of this so-called “culture of failure.” They are worried that if failure becomes ‘a badge (奖章) of honor”, as Wired magazine put it, it may even be seen as “uncool” when someone tries to reduce the risk of failure.
“Sometimes people hide behind failure, when they could have prevented it,” wrote Anna Isaac of The Telegraph.
So it’s important that you set apart the two kinds of failure—the kind that shows laziness or incompetence and the kind that takes you forward. The key is whether you’ve learned something from your mistakes.
8．The underlined phrase “screw up” in Paragraph 3 probably means_________.
A．suffer failures B．like taking risks
C．work together D．encourage innovation
9．West founded the Museum of Failure mainly to _________.
A．help people avoid failure B．encourage people to try new things
C．amuse people with silly products D．teach people how to learn from failure
10．Why are some people against the “culture of failure”?
A．It will cause great waste of resources.
B．It will lead to lots of impractical ideas.
C．People may fear to try again after failure.
D．It may give people excuses to make less effort.
11．What does the author think of failure?
A．All failures deserve respect.
B．Failure shows lack of effort and ability.
C．Failure is good if it teaches us something.
D．The best companies seldom make mistakes.

According to US national park researchers, microplastic particles (微粒) equal to as many as 300 million plastic water bottles are raining down on the Grand Canyon.
In a survey of 11 remote western places, also including the Great Basin and Craters of the Moon national parks, researchers discovered more than 1000 tons of microplastic particles that had traveled through the atmosphere via rain or water particles.
Most microplastics are from larger pieces of plastic. Since plastics don’t degrade (降解), plastics that end up in waste piles or landfills break down into microparticles and make their way through the Earth’s atmosphere, soil and water systemics.
Janice Brahney, lead researcher at Utah State University, said, “Plastics could be deposited (沉降), readmitted to the atmosphere again, transported for some time…who knows how many times, and who knows how far they’ve traveled?”
Brahney’s team found that so-called wet microplastics, named for the way they are transported, are most likely disturbed by a storm and swept up into the atmosphere, having originated in larger urban areas. By comparison, the spreading patterns of dry microplastics is the same as dust and can travel long distances, often across continents.
Brahney warned that new findings show an urgent need to reduce plastic pollution. Although their full effects on the human body are still unknown, scientists are starting to raise public health concerns over microplastic particles: They’re small enough to stay in lung tissue, causing damage and, in some cases of routine exposure, can lead to asthma and cancer.
Scientists have also found that microplastic particles affect the temperature adjustment function of the soil, leading to losses in plant life.
Brahney believes that her research is just the beginning of understanding how microplastics move through ecosystems.
“Learning about plastics and how they don’t degrade seems like, ‘Oh my God, we should have been expecting this: they’ re just made into these tiny sizes, they could certainly be carried by the wind,” Brahney said.
“We’ve just been missing it,” she added.
12．The direct cause of the microplastic rain is that_________.
A．small pieces from plastics become degradable
B．microplastic particles travel into the atmosphere
C．plastic particles end up in waste piles or landfills
D．plastic water bottles are transported to the water systems
13．What did Janice Brahney and her team find out?
A．The structure of microplastic particles.
B．The distance that microplastics can travel.
C．The way that microplastics are transported.
D．The different types of microplastic particles.
14．What does the author mainly want to tell us with the text?
A．Microplastics have affected the ecosystem.
B．Plastic particles have serious effects on human health.
C．Methods to degrade plastics could be developed soon.
D．Researchers have missed the best time to study plastics.
15．What’s the attitude of Brahney towards the microplastic move according to the last two paragraphs?
A．Favorable. B．Uncaring.
C．Doubtful. D．Worried.


二、七选五
In this day and age, digital devices (数码产品) have become a significant part of our daily lives. ___16___
But while these devices do make people’s lives easier, there are things to look out for in using these technologies. One is how digital devices seem to be taking over people’s social relationships.
You might have noticed how everyone is engaged in their devices during family gatherings or get-togethers with friends. While they were constantly clicking on their portable devices, real conversations are becoming rare. ___17___
So if you want to spend quality time with each other, you and your friends and family need to sacrifice screen time.
___18___ When you’re hanging out with your friends, make it a policy that all devices should be turned off. Of course, everyone should agree on this ahead of time to avoid any misunderstanding. ___19___ This could also be a house rule when you have dinner with your family or during any other event with relatives.
Another option could be to turn devices on silent mode (模式), just in case someone is expecting an urgent call or important text. It sounds simple, but turning our eyes away from the screen may be more difficult than you think. ___20___ And while we may be able to carry on a conversation while playing a game, this is definitely going to cause a loss to the quality of the time we spend with others.
By removing digital devices in the background, you and your friends can concentrate on what’s really important—spending time with each other.
A．Turning off your digital devices is a good first step.
B．They’re also driving us away from people around us.
C．People can therefore concentrate on what they are doing.
D．Thus, the opportunity to strengthen connections might be disappearing.
E．It seems so natural to reach for your phone or device before doing anything.
F．They are used for a variety of tasks, whether it’s ordering food or booking a flight.
G．And everyone must be willing to obey the rule or else the purpose would be defeated.


三、完形填空
I’ve been in an 18-year love-hate relationship with a black walnut (核桃) tree.
It’s a unique tree. In late September or early October, falling ___21___ as hard as baseballs are a potential ___22___ to the heads of you, your children, your neighbors and those that reside next door to them. Umbrellas are a ___23___ while dining in the garden in early August, and as for me, I wear my bike ___24___ while working in the garden.
The black walnut also ___25___ a chemical substance as a ___26___ strategy (策略) through its roots. It’s ___27___ to several common plants. There have been many new plant varieties that I brought home with ___28___ that maybe the black walnut would accept them, but they ___29___ to grow well.
Have I thought of ____30____ this giant pain in my tiny backyard? Yes, ____31____, cutting down this tree standing at 15 meters with an over 2-meter trunk is ____32____. It’s also protected under the law. Rightfully so. ____33____ are important to the urban forest and to numerous birds and insect species which ____34____ to healthy and biodiverse environment.
Sometimes I think about my life without the ____35____. I can’t imagine a spring without the ____36____ who arrive every year and noisily sing before dawn in the tree. I’d miss falling asleep on lazy weekend afternoons as I ____37____ into its leaves before the nuts are likely to fall at any time.
Every spring I often wonder: What are the chances of being ____38____ unconscious while barbecuing? Like any good relationship, I’ll never be satisfied. I’m stuck with this tree, so I give it the space it requires. In return, my walnut offers ____39____ to wildlife and a reminder that acceptance, ____40____ resistance, is the better way to be.
21．A．flowers B．snowballs C．fruits D．branches
22．A．danger B．surprise C．benefit D．shock
23．A．trouble B．decoration C．symbol D．must
24．A．glasses B．suit C．gloves D．helmet
25．A．absorbs B．gives out C．keeps D．prevents
26．A．competitive B．hunting C．communication D．learning
27．A．attractive B．poisonous C．beneficial D．harmless
28．A．hopes B．doubts C．worries D．curiosity
29．A．continued B．managed C．failed D．struggled
30．A．dressing up B．looking after C．relying on D．getting rid of
31．A．however B．therefore C．otherwise D．instead
32．A．in progress B．free of charge C．under consideration D．next to impossible
33．A．Animals B．Trees C．Water resources D．Sports parks
34．A．respond B．return C．contribute D．adapt
35．A．umbrella B．tiny backyard C．black walnut D．common plants
36．A．neighbors B．birds C．friends D．monkeys
37．A．climb up B．look up C．stare D．watch out
38．A．knocked B．frightened C．poisoned D．heated
39．A．nutrition B．amusement C．a shelter D．assistance
40．A．as well as B．regardless of C．in exchange for D．instead of


四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
语法填空
“I have been very happy over the past 10 years. Living in the midst of the woods and lush greenery makes me feel ___41___ (relax). People here are very friendly and life is beautiful.” That’s how Yuan Hui, 34, described his past ten years as a volunteer teacher in a remote mountainous region of Hubei province.
Upon his graduation from Nanjing University, one of the top universities in China, Yuan ___42___ (offer) a job at a company in Nanjing. Surprisingly, he rejected it and then traveled more than 1,000 kilometers to Jiangjiawan village in Hubei’s Enshi Tujia and Miao autonomous prefecture (县), desiring ___43___ (realize) his dream of becoming an ___44___ (educate).
He intended to become a different kind of teacher and make his classroom fun and informative. ___45___ , he did not want to be a full-time teacher as he thought that not having a full-time contract (合同) with a school would give him more freedom to try new teaching styles.
Yuan has made his classes unusual and interesting by using methods ___46___ were different from the common teaching approach. For example, when he taught a poem about a swordsman, he brought a plastic sword to class and urged the students to give fencing (击剑) performances while ___47___ (recite) the poem. The whole class then decided which student was the best swordsman.
In addition to teaching academic subjects, Yuan focuses ___48___ the all-around development of his students. ___49___ (Encourage) by Yuan’s story, several university students ___50___ (come) to the village to teach during their summer vacations since 2016. The conditions at local schools have improved considerably.


五、短文改错
51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。作文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(/\)并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last Saturday morning, we held a meaningfully performance in front of the Walmart supermarket where there were several hundreds people. Our goal was making people to think about the overuse of plastic bags. Several volunteers wore plastic bags and walk around and through the crowd. The performance called on people to use cloth bags instead of plastic one. Some of the plastic bags wore by the performers were collected from the customers in two food markets and the others were collected from the primary school. On that day, when leaving the supermarket, the customers advised to hand in the plastic shopping bags that we didn’t need. Lots of plastic bags were collected for just two hours.

六、开放性作文
52．假定你是李华，你校英文报正在举办以热爱劳动为主题的讨论。请根据以下要点，写一篇短文投稿：
1. 你做家务活的情况；
2. 父母的态度；
3. 你的收获；
4. 你的建议。
注意：1. 词数100词左右；
2. 可根据内容要点适当增加细，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案：
1．C 2．D 3．B

【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了近期一些歌剧和音乐会表演的相关信息。
1．细节理解题。根据THEATER部分的“Details: Kennedy Center Opera House Kennedy-center. org or call 202-467-4600(详细信息：肯尼迪中心歌剧院：Kennedy-center. org 或致电202-467-4600)”可知，如果要了解My Fair Lady的详细信息，可以去Kennedy-center. org 或致电202-467-4600。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据MUSIC-ORCHESTRAL部分的“The Apollo Orchestra welcomes violinist Roberto Diaz to perform Jennifer Higdon’s Grammy-winning Viola Concerto.(The Apollo Orchestra欢迎小提琴家罗伯托·迪亚兹表演詹妮弗·希格登的格莱美获奖中提琴协奏曲)”可知，该部分会有小提琴演出；结合“DETAILS: Chevy Chase Presbyterian Church, 1 Chevy Chase CircleWashington, DC20015(详细信息：Chevy Chase Presbyterian Church, 1 Chevy Chase CircleWashington, DC20015)”可知，地址在Chevy Chase Presbyterian Church。因此我们可以在Chevy Chase Presbyterian Church观看小提琴演出。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据COMEDY部分的“ADDITIONAL: Discounts available for groups of 10 or more.(附加：10人或10人以上团体可享受折扣)”可知，Make America Grin Again可以给一个12人的家庭打折。故选B。
4．B 5．C 6．A 7．D

【导语】本篇是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过观看海岸岩石，对人的性格品质产生了思考，我们可以从岩石中学到什么?作者并产生了一定的联想。
4．逻辑推理题。文章前三段标明作者对岩石引起对人的思考，根据第三段的“And much like a rock, I’ve found my attitude has softened and my desire to better understand others has expanded with each trip around the sun.(就像一块岩石一样，每次环绕太阳旅行，我都发现自己的态度软化了，更好地理解他人的愿望也扩大了。)”可知，，岩石教会作者去理解他人，这是人类的个性，即是性格品质。因此可知作者把岩石比作人的性格。故选B。
5．细节理解题。根据第六段“Two years ago, while traveling in the Pacific Northwest, I watched a restaurant owner ask several people to leave for not wearing masks. Not forceful and not rude. On the door read a sign: “Please wear a mask before entering our restaurant. We don’t like it either, but let’s all do what we can to get through this together.”(两年前，我在太平洋西北地区旅行时，看到一家餐馆的老板要求几个人离开，因为他们没有戴口罩。不强迫也不粗鲁。门上写着：“进入本餐厅前请戴上口罩。我们也不喜欢这样，但让我们尽我们所能一起度过难关吧。”)”和第七段“The group of young men wished to argue about the note.(这群年轻人想就这张便条争论一番)”可知，年轻人们不愿意做老板要求他们做的事，因此店主拒绝他们入内。故选C。
6．词句猜测题。根据第七段“The group of young men wished to argue about the note.(这群年轻人想为那张纸条争论一番)”和第八段的“I’ve been those guys before, using my youthful edges to chip away at the world. What I lost, however, was the ability to grow from experiences by looking through the eyes of others. (我以前也像那些人一样，用我年轻的锋芒chip away at这个世界)”可知，从前作者也和那群想要和店主理论一番的年轻人一样，用自己年轻的锋芒来对抗世界。由此猜测划线词意为“对抗”。故选A。
7．主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Time, like the waters rolling against once sharp stones, changes us by washing away our resistance to seeing the world from another’s point of view.(时间，就像水流冲刷着曾经锋利的石头，通过冲走我们从别人的角度看世界的阻力，改变了我们)”并结合全文内容可知，文章主要讲述我们每个人都在随时间而改变，和海边的石头一样，随着时间的流逝我们的棱角会软化。故选D。
8．A 9．B 10．D 11．C

【导语】本文为议论文。每个人都有失败的时候。我们努力从错误中吸取教训，文章通过例子及名人名言阐述了失败会引领你前进。但是，我们要区分两种失败是很重要的——一种是显示懒惰或无能的失败，另一种是引领你前进的失败。关键在于你是否从错误中吸取了教训。
8．词句猜测题。根据第二段的“The Museum will exhibit over 100 “failed” products from big-name companies such as Nokia, Apple and Coca-Cola.(博物馆将展出诺基亚、苹果和可口可乐等知名公司的100多种“失败”产品)”可知，韦斯特想让人们也看看那些人人都尊敬的大品牌也会遭受失败。因此猜测，画线短语意为“遭受失败”。故选A。
9．推理判断题。根据第三段的“I hope that makes you feel less nervous about learning something new.(我希望这能让你对学习新东西不那么担心)推知，韦斯特建立失败博物馆主要是为了鼓励人们尝试新事物。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Some people are skeptical of this so-called “culture of failure.” They are worried that if failure becomes ‘a badge (奖章) of honor”, as Wired magazine put it, it may even be seen as “uncool” when someone tries to reduce the risk of failure.(有些人对这种所谓的“失败文化”持怀疑态度。他们担心，如果失败成为一种荣誉勋章，正如《连线》杂志所说，当有人试图减少失败的风险时，甚至会被视为不酷)”可知，如果失败称为一种荣誉勋章，那么那些努力减少失败的人可能被认为不那么酷。由此推知，有些人反对“失败文化”是因为担心它可能成为人们不那么努力的借口。故选D。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“So it’s important that you set apart the two kinds of failure—the kind that shows laziness or incompetence and the kind that takes you forward. The key is whether you’ve learned something from your mistakes.(所以重要的是你分开两种失败——那种显示懒惰和无能，以及那种带你向前。关键是你是否从错误中吸取了教训)”推知，作者认为失败是好的，如果它能教会我们一些东西。故选C。
12．B 13．C 14．A 15．D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍微塑料颗粒进入大气层开始“移动”，这种“移动”会对生态系统造成破坏。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段“In a survey of 11 remote western places, also including the Great Basin and Craters of the Moon national parks, researchers discovered more than 1000 tons of microplastic particles that had traveled through the atmosphere via rain or water particles.(在对11个偏远的西部地区进行的调查中，包括大盆地和月球陨石坑国家公园，研究人员发现了1000多吨通过雨水或水颗粒在大气中传播的微塑料颗粒)”和第三段的“Since plastics don’t degrade (降解), plastics that end up in waste piles or landfills break down into microparticles and make their way through the Earth’s atmosphere, soil and water systemics.(因为塑料不会降解, 最终进入垃圾堆或垃圾填埋场的塑料会分解成微粒，并穿过地球的大气层、土壤和水系统)”并结合常识可知，微塑料雨形成的直接原因是微塑料颗粒进入到了大气层，然后和雨水一起降落到地表。故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据第五段“Brahney’s team found that so-called wet microplastics, named for the way they are transported, are most likely disturbed by a storm and swept up into the atmosphere, having originated in larger urban areas. By comparison, the spreading patterns of dry microplastics is the same as dust and can travel long distances, often across continents.(Brahney的研究小组发现，所谓的湿微塑料(以它们的运输方式命名)最有可能受到风暴的干扰，并被卷到大气中，它们起源于较大的城市地区。相比之下，干燥微塑料的传播模式与灰尘相同，可以长距离传播，通常跨越大陆)”可知，Brahney和其小组成员发现了干湿两种塑料微粒的传播模式，以及这两种传播模式的差异。故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Scientists have also found that microplastic particles affect the temperature adjustment function of the soil, leading to losses in plant life.(科学家还发现，微塑料颗粒会影响土壤的温度调节功能，导致植物生命的损失)”和第三段“Brahney believes that her research is just the beginning of understanding how microplastics move through ecosystems.(Brahney认为，她的研究只是了解微塑料如何在生态系统中移动的开始)”可知，通过这篇文章作者主要想告诉我们微塑料对生态系统有影响。故选A。
15．推理判断题。根据最后两段““Learning about plastics and how they don’t degrade seems like, ‘Oh my God, we should have been expecting this: they’ re just made into these tiny sizes, they could certainly be carried by the wind,” Brahney said.“We’ve just been missing it,” she added.(Brahney说：“了解塑料以及它们如何不降解，就像是，‘天哪，我们应该预料到这一点：它们只是被做成这么小的尺寸，当然可以被风吹走。’”。“我们只是错过了它，”她补充道)”推知，Brahney对微塑料在大气中的移动感到焦虑，因为很多人都认为微塑料被风吹走是理所当然的，没有引起重视。故选D。
16．F 17．D 18．A 19．G 20．E

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了电子产品影响了我们日常交流并介绍了解决办法。
16．根据上文“In this day and age, digital devices (数码产品) have become a significant part of our daily lives.(在这个时代，数码产品已经成为我们日常生活中重要的一部分)”结合下文话题转到数码产品的不足推知，空处应承接上文继续描写数码产品给我们日常生活带来的便利。F选项“They are used for a variety of tasks, whether it’s ordering food or booking a flight.(它们被用来完成各种各样的任务，无论是订食物还是订机票)”符合题意，故选F。
17．根据上文“While they are constantly clicking on their portable devices, real conversations are becoming rare.(当他们不停地点击他们的便携设备时，真正的对话变得越来越少)”可知，电子设备使得人们沟通越来越少。D选项“Thus, the opportunity to strengthen connections might be disappearing.(因此，加强联系的机会可能正在消失)”符合题意，故选D。
18．根据下文“When you’re hanging out with your friends, make it a policy that all devices should be turned off.(当你和朋友出去玩的时候，制定一个政策，所有的设备都应该关闭)”可知，本段介绍的解决措施是关掉电子设备。A选项“Turning off your gadgets is a good first step.(关掉电子设备是很好的第一步)”符合题意，故选A。
19．根据上文“Of course, everyone should agree on this beforehand to avoid any misunderstanding.(当然，每个人都应该事先达成一致，以避免任何误解)”可知，关掉电子设备这一方法需要大家共同的努力。G选项“And everyone must be willing to cooperate or else the purpose would be defeated.(每个人都必须愿意合作，否则目标就会落空)”符合题意，故选G。
20．根据上文“Another option could be to turn devices on silent mode (模式), just in case someone is expecting an urgent call or important text. It sounds simple, but turning our eyes away from the screen may be more difficult than you think. (另一种选择是将设备打开静音模式，以防有人接到紧急电话或重要短信。这听起来很简单，但把我们的眼睛从屏幕上移开可能比你想象的要困难)”可知，把手机调成静音模式这种解决方式，听起来很容易，但其实比想象的困难。由此推知，空处给出困难的理由。E选项“It seems so natural to reach for your phone or device before doing anything.(在做任何事情之前拿手机或设备似乎是很自然的)”符合题意，故选E。

21．C 22．A 23．D 24．D 25．B 26．A 27．B 28．A 29．C 30．D 31．A 32．D 33．B 34．C 35．C 36．B 37．B 38．A 39．C 40．D

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者家后院的一颗黑胡桃树，向我们揭露了树木对于生态环境的重要性，虽然作者总是担心会被这棵树掉下来的果实砸到头，但还是选择接受这棵树，没有将其移除，因为作者知道这棵树对生态环境的价值是很大的，所以他选择接受，而不是反抗，这是对大自然的理解。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在9月下旬或10月初，像棒球一样坚硬的水果会威胁到你、你的孩子、你的邻居和住在他们隔壁的人的头骨。A. flowers花；B. snowballs雪球；C. fruits水果，果实；D. branches树枝。根据上文“I’ve been in an 18-year love-hate relationship with a black walnut(核桃)tree. ”可知，此处是指9月下旬或10月初黑胡桃树的果子会掉下来威胁到从树下路过的人。故选C。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. danger危险；B. surprise惊讶，惊喜；C. benefit好处；D. shock震惊。根据下文“Umbrellas are a 　　3　　 while dining in the garden in early August”和常识可知，往下掉的黑胡桃树果实会砸到人，带来危险。故选A。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：八月初吃饭时，院子里的雨伞是必须的，对我来说，在花园里工作时我会戴上自行车头盔。A. trouble麻烦；B. decoration装饰；C. symbol象征；D. must必须的东西。根据“while dining in the garden in early August”可知，收获季节在黑胡桃树下吃饭伞是必须的，不然会被砸到。故选D。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. glasses眼镜；B. suit西装；C. gloves手套；D. helmet头盔。呼应上文umbrellas，此处是指带上头盔来保护自己的头。故选D。
25．考查动词和动词短语辨析。句意：作为一种竞争策略，黑胡桃树还通过其根部释放出一种化学物质。A. absorbs吸收；B. gives out分发，耗尽；C. keeps保持；D. prevents阻止。根据“a chemical substance”可知，是释放化学物质。故选B。
26．考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. competitive竞争的；B. hunting狩猎，寻找；C. communication交流；D. learning学习。结合生物常识可知，黑胡桃树释放化学物质是为了不让天敌靠近自己或增加自己的生存几率，这是一种生存竞争策略。故选A。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它对几种常见的植物有毒。A. attractive有吸引力的；B. poisonous有毒的；C. beneficial有益的；D. harmless无家可归的。根据上文“a chemical substance”和下文“but they　　9　　　 to grow well.”并结合常识可知，这种化学物质对其他常见植物是有毒的。故选B。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我带回家许多新植物品种，希望黑核桃能接受它们，但它们都没能茁壮成长。A. hopes希望；B. doubts怀疑；C. worries担心；D. curiosity好奇，好奇心。根据“maybe the black walnut would accept them”可知，这是作者的希望，希望这些植物不会被黑胡桃树散发的化学物质毒死。故选A。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. continued继续；B. managed管理，设法；C. failed失败；D. struggled努力，挣扎。根据“maybe the black walnut would accept them”和表示转折意义的but可知，这些植物最终都没能茁壮成长。故选C。
30．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我有没有想过在我小小的后院摆脱这种巨大的痛苦？A. dressing up盛装打扮；B. looking after照顾；C. relying on依靠；D. getting rid of摆脱。根据下文“cutting down this tree”推知，作者曾经想过砍掉这棵黑胡桃树，即摆脱这种痛苦。故选D。
31．考查副词词义辨析。句意：是的，然而，要除掉这棵50英尺高、树干87英寸的树几乎是不可能的。A. however然而；B. therefore因此；C. otherwise否则；D. instead反而，代替。根据yes和下文“cutting down this tree standing at 15 meters with an over 2-meter trunk is 　　12　　 .”可知，上下文是转折关系。故选A。
32．考查介词短语辨析。句意同上。A. in progress进步；B. free of charge免费；C. under consideration在考虑中；D. next to impossible几乎不可能。根据“standing at 15 meters with an over 2-meter trunk”可知，要砍掉这棵黑胡桃树几乎不可能。故选D。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：树木对城市森林和所有居住在森林里的鸟类和昆虫都很重要，这些鸟类和昆虫有助于健康和生物多样性的环境。A. Animals动物；B. Trees树；C. Water resources水资源；D. Sports parks运动公园。根据“important to the urban forest and to numerous birds and insect”可知，树木对森林和森林居民来说很重要。故选B。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. respond回应；B. return返回，归还；C. contribute贡献，投稿，出力；D. adapt适应，改编。结合常识可知，森林里的动物有助于环境的健康和生物多样性。contribute to“有助于”。故选C。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时我会想想没有黑胡桃树的生活。A. umbrella伞；B. tiny backyard小后院；C. black walnut黑胡桃；D. common plants常见植物。根据下文“who arrive every year and noisily sing before dawn in the tree. I’d miss falling asleep on lazy weekend afternoons as I 　　17　　 into its leaves before the nuts are likely to fall at any time. ”可知，此处是指没有黑胡桃树的生活。故选C。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我无法想象一个没有鸟儿的春天，它们每年都会在黎明前到来并大声唱歌。A. neighbors邻居；B. birds鸟；C. friends朋友；D. monkeys猴子。根据“who arrive every year and noisily sing before dawn in the tree.”可知，在树上唱歌的是鸟儿。故选B。
37．考查动词和动词短语辨析。句意：当我抬头看着它的叶子时，我会怀念在慵懒的周末下午入睡的情景。A. climb up爬上；B. look up向上看；C. stare    凝视；D. watch out小心。根据“into its leaves”可知，是抬头向上看。故选B。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每年春天，我都想知道这个季节会怎样：烧烤时被打晕的几率有多大？A. knocked敲；B. frightened使……害怕；C. poisoned下毒，毒害；D. heated加热。根据上文“falling 　　1　　 as hard as baseballs are a potential 　　2　　 to the heads of you, your children, your neighbors and those that reside next door to them.”可知，此处指作者想被黑胡桃树果子打晕的几率。故选A。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为回报，我的黑胡桃树为丰富的野生动物提供了栖息地，也提醒了我，接受而不是抵制才是更好的方式。A. nutrition营养；B. amusement娱乐；C. a shelter庇护所；D. assistance帮助。根据上文“who arrive every year and noisily sing before dawn in the tree.”可知，这棵黑胡桃树是野生动物的栖息地，即这棵树为它们提供了庇护所。故选C。
40．考查介词短语辨析。句意同上。A. as well as和……；B. regardless of不管；C. in exchange for作为交换；D. instead of而非，而不是。根据文章讲述作者没有砍掉黑胡桃树而是留下它可知，作者明白了接受而非抵制是与自然相处的更好方式。故选D。

41．relaxed 42．was offered 43．to realize 44．educator 45．However 46．which/that 47．reciting 48．on/upon 49．Encouraged 50．have come

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述Yuan Hui大学毕业后放弃大城市里的好工作，到湖北恩施一处偏远的地方当老师的故事。他的故事鼓励其他大学生也来村里给孩子们上课。
41．考查形容词。句意：住在树林和郁郁葱葱的绿色植物中让我感到放松。空处应填形容词作表语，表示人的主观感受，应用v-ed形式的形容词。故填relaxed。
42．考查时态和语态。句意：从中国顶尖大学之一的南京大学毕业后，他在南京的一家公司找到了一份工作。空处为句子谓语动词，陈述过去的动作，且主语Yuan和offer之间为被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was offered。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意：令人惊讶的是，他拒绝了，然后不远万里来到湖北恩施土家族苗族自治州的姜家湾村，希望实现他成为一名教育家的梦想。desire to do sth.“渴望做某事”是固定短语，不定式作宾语。故填to realize。
44．考查名词。句意同上。结合句意和句子结构可知，空处应填名词educator作表语，表示“教育家”，冠词an提示用其单数形式。故填educator。
45．考查副词。句意：然而，他不想成为一名全职教师，因为他认为与学校没有签全职合同会给他更多的自由去尝试新的教学方式。根据上文“He intended to become a different kind of teacher and make his classroom fun and informative.”可知，此处和上文是转折关系，应用连接副词however，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填However。
46．考查定语从句。句意：袁采用了不同于一般教学方法的教学方法，使他的课堂变得不同寻常而有趣。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是methods，指物，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。
47．考查状语从句的省略。句意：例如，当他教一首关于剑客的诗时，他带了一把塑料剑到课堂上，并敦促学生在背诵这首诗的同时进行击剑表演。此处是状语从句的省略，即当主句和从句为同一主语，且从句含有be动词时，从句可以省略主语和be动词，此处逻辑主语he和recite之间为主动关系，表示过去正在背诵，从句应用过去进行时，完整从句为while he was reciting  the  poem，省略主语和be动词，应用现在分词。故填reciting。
48．考查介词。句意：除了教授学术科目外，袁老师更注重学生的全面发展。结合句意表达“关注”用focus on/upon。故填on/upon。
49．考查非谓语动词。句意：受到袁的故事的鼓励，自2016年以来，已有几名大学生利用暑假来村里教书。空处应填非谓语动词作状语，students和encourage之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Encouraged。
50．考查时态。句意同上。根据时间状语since 2016可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语students是复数，助动词用have。故填have come。
51．1. meaningfully→meaningful
2. hundreds→hundred
3. 删除to
4. walk→walked
5. one→ones
6. wore→worn
7. the→a
8. advised前加were
9. we→they
10. for→in/within
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者和同学们上周六早上到沃尔玛超市口进行了一次表演，其目的是让人们关注过度使用塑料袋的问题。
【详解】1. 考查形容词。句意：上周六上午，我们在沃尔玛超市前举行了一场有意义的表演，那里有数百人。修饰名词performance应用形容词meaningful“有意义的”。故meaningfully改为meaningful。
2.考查量词。句意同上。hundred被基数词或者several/some等修饰时不用复数形式，只有和of构成hundreds of短语时才用复数形式。故hundreds改为hundred。
3. 考查固定搭配。句意：我们的目标是让人们思考过度使用塑料袋的问题。make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”是固定搭配，应用省略to的不定式作宾语。故删除to。
4. 考查时态。句意：几个志愿者穿着塑料袋在人群中走来走去。本文陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时；walk和wore是并列的谓语动词，也应用过去式形式。故walk改为walked。
5. 考查代词。句意：表演呼吁人们使用布袋而不是塑料袋。one/ones为同类泛指，结合上文bags是复数可知，此处one应用复数形式，plastic ones=plastic bags。故one改为ones。
6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：表演者穿的一些塑料袋是从两个食品市场的顾客那里收集的，其他的是从一个小学收集的。第一个分句中已有谓语动词were collected，故bags后的动词（短语）是对它进行修饰限定的定语，应用非谓语形式；wear和逻辑主语bags之间是被动关系，应用过去分词。故wore改为worn。
7. 考查冠词。句意同上。此处泛指一个小学，应用不定冠词修饰，primary的发音是辅音音素开头，故the改为a。
8. 考查时态和语态。句意：那天，当顾客离开超市时，他们被建议交上他们不需要的塑料购物袋。结合上下文语境可知，主语customers和动词advise之间是被动关系，且陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，助动词用were。故在advised前加were。
9.考查代词。句意同上。结合语境，此处是指消费者离开超市后被建议上交他们不需要的塑料袋，因此定语从句的主语应是“他们”，而非“我们”。故we改为they。
10. 考查介词。句意：在短短两个小时内收集了许多塑料袋。表达“两小时内”应用介词in/within。故for改为in/within。
52．One possible version:
Although busy with my study, I also stick to doing some housework. My parents strongly approve of this, especially when they are busy. Sometimes they even praise me for sharing their burden.
As far as I am concerned, doing housework will not affect our study, but can help us strengthen the relationship with our parents and cultivate our ability to live independently. In addition, we should take our share of responsibility for our families.
Therefore, I suggest that students at least use their spare time on weekends to do some easy housework, such as cooking, sweeping the floor, folding clothes and so on.
【导语】这是一篇开放作文。假定你是李华，你校英文报正在举办以热爱劳动为主题的讨论，请写一篇文章投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
坚持：stick to→insist on
赞同：approve of→agree to
影响：affect→influence
培养：cultivate→develop
2.句型拓展
合并句子
原句：Although busy with my study, I also stick to doing some simple housework. My parents strongly approve of this, especially when they are busy.
拓展句：Although busy with my study, I also stick to doing some simple housework, which my parents strongly approve of especially when they are busy.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Although busy with my study, I also stick to doing some housework. （运用了状语从句的省略和动名词作宾语）
[高分句型2]Therefore, I suggest that students at least use their spare time on weekends to do some easy housework, such as cooking, sweeping the floor, folding clothes and so on.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）